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Klümper N, Tran NK, Zschäbitz S, Hahn O, Büttner T, Roghmann F, Bolenz C, Zengerling F, Schwab C, Nagy D, Toma M, Kristiansen G, Heers H, Ivanyi P, Niegisch G, Grunewald CM, Darr C, Farid A, Schlack K, Abbas M, Aydogdu C, Casuscelli J, Mokry T, Mayr M, Niedersüß-Beke D, Rausch S, Dietrich D, Saal J, Ellinger J, Ritter M, Alajati A, Kuppe C, Meeks J, Vera Badillo FE, Nakauma-González JA, Boormans J, Junker K, Hartmann A, Grünwald V, Hölzel M, Eckstein M. NECTIN4 Amplification Is Frequent in Solid Tumors and Predicts Enfortumab Vedotin Response in Metastatic Urothelial Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:2446-2455. [PMID: 38657187 PMCID: PMC11227306 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The anti-NECTIN4 antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin (EV) is approved for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). However, durable benefit is only achieved in a small, yet uncharacterized patient subset. NECTIN4 is located on chromosome 1q23.3, and 1q23.3 gains represent frequent copy number variations (CNVs) in urothelial cancer. Here, we aimed to evaluate NECTIN4 amplifications as a genomic biomarker to predict EV response in patients with mUC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established a NECTIN4-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay to assess the predictive value of NECTIN4 CNVs in a multicenter EV-treated mUC patient cohort (mUC-EV, n = 108). CNVs were correlated with membranous NECTIN4 protein expression, EV treatment responses, and outcomes. We also assessed the prognostic value of NECTIN4 CNVs measured in metastatic biopsies of non-EV-treated mUC (mUC-non-EV, n = 103). Furthermore, we queried The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data sets (10,712 patients across 32 cancer types) for NECTIN4 CNVs. RESULTS NECTIN4 amplifications are frequent genomic events in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (TCGA bladder cancer data set: approximately 17%) and mUC (approximately 26% in our mUC cohorts). In mUC-EV, NECTIN4 amplification represents a stable genomic alteration during metastatic progression and associates with enhanced membranous NECTIN4 protein expression. Ninety-six percent (27 of 28) of patients with NECTIN4 amplifications demonstrated objective responses to EV compared with 32% (24 of 74) in the nonamplified subgroup (P < .001). In multivariable Cox analysis adjusted for age, sex, and Bellmunt risk factors, NECTIN4 amplifications led to a 92% risk reduction for death (hazard ratio, 0.08 [95% CI, 0.02 to 0.34]; P < .001). In the mUC-non-EV, NECTIN4 amplifications were not associated with outcomes. TCGA Pan-Cancer analysis demonstrated that NECTIN4 amplifications occur frequently in other cancers, for example, in 5%-10% of breast and lung cancers. CONCLUSION NECTIN4 amplifications are genomic predictors of EV responses and long-term survival in patients with mUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Klümper
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V., Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ngoc Khanh Tran
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefanie Zschäbitz
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Disease (NCT), University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Julius Maximilians University Medical Center of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Büttner
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian Roghmann
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V., Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Urology, Marien Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Christian Bolenz
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V., Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Ulm, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Friedemann Zengerling
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V., Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Ulm, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Constantin Schwab
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dora Nagy
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marieta Toma
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V., Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hendrik Heers
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Ivanyi
- Department of Hemostaseology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Christopher Darr
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Arian Farid
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Schlack
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Abbas
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Can Aydogdu
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jozefina Casuscelli
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Mokry
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mayr
- Clinic Ottakring, Institute of Pathology and Microbiology, Wien, Austria
| | | | - Steffen Rausch
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dimo Dietrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonas Saal
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immune-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V., Mannheim, Germany
| | - Abdullah Alajati
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Kuppe
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology and Division of Nephrology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joshua Meeks
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | - J. Alberto Nakauma-González
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Boormans
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Junker
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V., Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung, BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Viktor Grünwald
- Clinic for Internal Medicine (Tumor Research) and Clinic for Urology, Interdisciplinary Genitourinary Oncology at the West-German Cancer Center, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V., Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung, BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
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Morikawa T, Naiki T, Sugiyama Y, Naiki-Ito A, Nagai T, Etani T, Iida K, Isobe T, Noda Y, Shimizu N, Aoki M, Gonda M, Banno R, Kubota H, Ando R, Umemoto Y, Kawai N, Yasui T. C-Reactive Protein Is a Potential Prognostic Marker in Patient with Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Treated with Enfortumab Vedotin: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1725. [PMID: 38730675 PMCID: PMC11083374 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the EV-301 trial, enfortumab vedotin prolonged survival in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma previously treated with platinum-based therapy and programmed cell death 1/programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitor. However, real-world Asian data are limited, and potential prognostic markers are non-existent. We aimed to investigate potential prognostic markers for enfortumab vedotin therapy in Asian patients. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 61 Japanese patients treated with enfortumab vedotin therapy at our hospital and affiliated hospitals between January 2019 and September 2023. RESULTS Enrolled patients (38 men, 23 women; median age 74 [IQR: 68-79] years) had bladder cancer (26 patients) or upper-tract urothelial carcinoma (35 patients). Fifty-four patients reported adverse events (grade >3 in 12). Skin disorders, pruritus, and neuropathy were common adverse effects. The median overall survival was 17.1 months (95% confidence interval: 10.0-not applicable). In multivariate analysis, the C-reactive protein level was an independent marker predicting favorable overall survival with enfortumab vedotin. Patient characteristics did not differ between C-reactive protein-high and -low groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides real-world data showing that enfortumab vedotin prolonged survival in Asian patients similar to the EV-301 trial. Additionally, the C-reactive protein level might be considered a prognostic marker of enfortumab vedotin therapy in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Morikawa
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Taku Naiki
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
- Department of Urology, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yosuke Sugiyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan;
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan;
| | - Takashi Nagai
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Toshiki Etani
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Keitaro Iida
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Teruki Isobe
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Yusuke Noda
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
- Department of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo 446-8602, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Shimizu
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Maria Aoki
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
- Department of Urology, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Masakazu Gonda
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Rika Banno
- Department of Urology, Konan Hospital, Konan 483-8704, Japan;
| | - Hiroki Kubota
- Department of Urology, Kainan Hospital, Yatomi 498-8502, Japan;
| | - Ryosuke Ando
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Yukihiro Umemoto
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
- Department of Urology, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Kawai
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Takahiro Yasui
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (T.M.); (T.N.); (T.E.); (K.I.); (T.I.); (Y.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (R.A.); (Y.U.); (N.K.); (T.Y.)
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Nathan P, Rajeh A, Noor M, Boldt G, Fernandes R. Antibody-Drug Conjugates in the Treatment of Genitourinary Cancers: An Updated Review of Data. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:2316-2327. [PMID: 38668075 PMCID: PMC11049516 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31040172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment landscape of genitourinary cancers has significantly evolved over the past few years. Renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer are the most common genitourinary malignancies. Recent advancements have produced new targeted therapies, particularly antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), due to a better understanding of the underlying oncogenic factors and molecular mechanisms involved. ADCs function as a 'drug delivery into the tumor' system. They are composed of an antigen-directed antibody linked to a cytotoxic drug that releases cytotoxic components after binding to the tumor cell's surface antigen. ADCs have been proven to be extremely promising in the treatment of several cancer types. For GU cancers, this novel treatment has only benefited patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). The rest of the GU cancer paradigm does not have any FDA-approved ADC treatment options available yet. In this study, we have thoroughly completed a narrative review of the current literature and summarized preclinical studies and clinical trials that evaluated the utility, activity, and toxicity of ADCs in GU cancers, the prospects of ADC development, and the ongoing clinical trials. Prospective clinical trials, retrospective studies, case reports, and scoping reviews were included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathana Nathan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Adnan Rajeh
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
| | - Meh Noor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Gabriel Boldt
- London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada;
| | - Ricardo Fernandes
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
- Cancer Research Laboratory Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
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