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Zhang P, Wang Y, Xie X, Gao Y, Zhang Y. Dietary inflammatory index is associated with severe depression in older adults with stroke: a cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38679919 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of stroke and depression. We aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and depression in American adults with stroke. Adults with stroke were enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2005 and 2018 in the USA. The DII was obtained from a 24-h dietary recall interview for each individual. Multivariate regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between DII and depression in adults with stroke. The mean age of the 1239 participants was 63·85 years (50·20 % women), and the prevalence of depression was 18·26 %. DII showed a linear and positive association with severe depression in adults with stroke (OR 1·359; 95 % CI 1·021, 1·810; P for non-linearity = 0·493). Compared with those in the lowest tertile of the DII, adults with stroke in the third tertile of the DII had a 3·222-fold higher risk of severe depression (OR 3·222; 95 % CI 1·150, 9·026). In the stratified analyses, the association between DII score and severe depression was more significant in older adults (P for interaction = 0·010) but NS with respect to sex (P for interaction = 0·184) or smoking status (P for interaction = 0·396). No significant association was found between DII and moderate-to-moderately severe depression in adults with stroke. In conclusion, an increase in DII score was associated with a higher likelihood of severe depression in older adults with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Yang R, Lin Z, Cai Y, Chen N, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Hong G. Assessing the risk of prenatal depressive symptoms in Chinese women: an integrated evaluation of serum metabolome, multivitamin supplement intake, and clinical blood indicators. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1234461. [PMID: 38274432 PMCID: PMC10808622 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1234461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Prenatal depressive symptoms (PDS) is a serious public health problem. This study aimed to develop an integrated panel and nomogram to assess at-risk populations by examining the association of PDS with the serum metabolome, multivitamin supplement intake, and clinical blood indicators. Methods This study comprised 221 pregnant women, categorized into PDS and non-PDS groups based on the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. The participants were divided into training and test sets according to their enrollment time. We conducted logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors, and employed liquid chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry-based serum metabolome analysis to identify metabolic biomarkers. Multiple factor analysis was used to combine risk factors, clinical blood indicators and key metabolites, and then a nomogram was developed to estimate the probability of PDS. Results We identified 36 important differential serum metabolites as PDS biomarkers, mainly involved in amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. Multivitamin intake works as a protective factor for PDS. The nomogram model, including multivitamin intake, HDL-C and three key metabolites (histidine, estrone and valylasparagine), exhibited an AUC of 0.855 in the training set and 0.774 in the test set, and the calibration curves showed good agreement, indicating that the model had good stability. Conclusion Our approach integrates multiple models to identify metabolic biomarkers for PDS, ensuring their robustness. Furthermore, the inclusion of dietary factors and clinical blood indicators allows for a comprehensive characterization of each participant. The analysis culminated in an intuitive nomogram based on multimodal data, displaying potential performance in initial PDS risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhenguo Lin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanhua Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Medical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guolin Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic Testing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Movva N, Reichert H, Hooda N, Bylsma LC, Mitchell M, Cohen SS. Dietary eating patterns, dairy consumption, and anxiety: A systematic literature review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295975. [PMID: 38153944 PMCID: PMC10754443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition affects both physical and mental health but evidence is mixed regarding potential associations between anxiety and diet, particularly dairy consumption. We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) of dairy consumption and/or various dietary patterns and risk of anxiety. METHODS Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Embase. All study designs except case reports, small case series, and SLRs were considered for inclusion. Reference lists of previously published SLRs were reviewed for any relevant additional studies. Studies of populations without dairy sensitivities exploring the association between dietary patterns and/or dairy consumption and anxiety published through May 2022 were identified using predefined eligibility criteria. Study quality was determined using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist. RESULTS For this SLR, 132 studies were included; 80 were cross-sectional. Studies examined different dietary patterns (e.g., Mediterranean, gluten-free) and anxiety using various anxiety scales, with 19 studies specifically reporting on whole dairy consumption and anxiety. Dairy consumption was significantly associated with a lower risk of anxiety in 7 studies, while the remaining 12 studies showed no significant associations. Evidence was mixed for the association between various dietary patterns and anxiety, but more studies observed a lower risk of anxiety with greater adherence to "healthy" diets (e.g., Mediterranean, diet quality score, vegetarian/vegan) than a higher risk. Notable heterogeneity in study populations, time periods, geographical locations, dietary assessment methods, and anxiety scales was observed. CONCLUSIONS The results of this SLR suggest a potential link between diet including diary consumption and anxiety, but future studies, especially with longitudinal designs that measure diet and anxiety at several timepoints and comprehensively adjust for confounders, are needed to fully understand the relationship between diet and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimisha Movva
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Heidi Reichert
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Naushin Hooda
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lauren C. Bylsma
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Meghan Mitchell
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sarah S. Cohen
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
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Rodrigues APDS, Batista SRR, Santos ASEA, Canheta ABDS, Nunes BP, de Oliveira Rezende AT, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. Multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity in Brazilians with severe obesity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16629. [PMID: 37789121 PMCID: PMC10547747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43545-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity and their association with sociodemographic and health variables in individuals with severe obesity. This is a baseline data analysis of 150 individuals with severe obesity (body mass index ≥ 35.0 kg/m2) aged 18-65 years. The outcomes were multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric and self-perceived health data were collected. Poisson multiple regression was conducted to identify multimorbidity risk factors. The frequency of two or more morbidities was 90.7%, three or more morbidities was 76.7%, and complex multimorbidity was 72.0%. Living with four or more household residents was associated with ≥ 3 morbidities and complex multimorbidity. Fair and very poor self-perceived health was associated with ≥ 2 morbidities, ≥ 3 morbidities and complex multimorbidity. A higher BMI range (45.0-65.0 kg/m2) was associated with ≥ 2 morbidities and ≥ 3 morbidities. Anxiety (82.7%), varicose veins of lower limbs (58.7%), hypertension (56.0%) were the most frequent morbidities, as well as the pairs and triads including them. The prevalence of multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity in individuals with severe obesity was higher and the risk for multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity increased in individuals living in households of four or more residents, with fair or poor/very poor self-perceived health and with a higher BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Primary Healthcare Office, Federal District State Health Department, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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Isaakidis A, Maghariki JE, Carvalho-Barros S, Gomes AM, Correia M. Is There More to Olive Oil than Healthy Lipids? Nutrients 2023; 15:3625. [PMID: 37630815 PMCID: PMC10459315 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is a healthy dietary pattern whose main characteristic is olive oil consumption. The potential health benefits of olive oil have been extensively investigated and the present review provides the more recent clinical evidence supporting the positive impact of olive oil intake on human health. PubMed (n = 227) and Scopus (n = 308) databases were searched for published clinical studies in English over the past six years (October 2016 to December 2022), following key word searches of "olive oil" and "health". Major findings associated olive oil with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, improvement in endothelial function and lipid profile, prevention of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and modulation of the gut microbiota. These benefits are attributed to the nutritional composition of olive oil, which has a high content of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (oleic acid in particular) and minor compounds such as polyphenols (oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol). Although additional research continues to be required, the more recently generated evidence supports the potential of olive oil to contribute beneficially to health and to the prevention and management of a variety of non-communicable diseases, as a consequence of the synergism between its components' complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akritas Isaakidis
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina (CBQF)-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (J.E.M.); (M.C.)
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University of Thessaloniki, Sindos, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Jane El Maghariki
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina (CBQF)-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (J.E.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Sérgio Carvalho-Barros
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina (CBQF)-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (J.E.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Ana Maria Gomes
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina (CBQF)-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (J.E.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Marta Correia
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina (CBQF)-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (J.E.M.); (M.C.)
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Fu X, Wang Y, Zhao F, Cui R, Xie W, Liu Q, Yang W. Shared biological mechanisms of depression and obesity: focus on adipokines and lipokines. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:5917-5950. [PMID: 37387537 PMCID: PMC10333059 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Depression and obesity are both common disorders currently affecting public health, frequently occurring simultaneously within individuals, and the relationship between these disorders is bidirectional. The association between obesity and depression is highly co-morbid and tends to significantly exacerbate metabolic and related depressive symptoms. However, the neural mechanism under the mutual control of obesity and depression is largely inscrutable. This review focuses particularly on alterations in systems that may mechanistically explain the in vivo homeostatic regulation of the obesity and depression link, such as immune-inflammatory activation, gut microbiota, neuroplasticity, HPA axis dysregulation as well as neuroendocrine regulators of energy metabolism including adipocytokines and lipokines. In addition, the review summarizes potential and future treatments for obesity and depression and raises several questions that need to be answered in future research. This review will provide a comprehensive description and localization of the biological connection between obesity and depression to better understand the co-morbidity of obesity and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Fangyi Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xie
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
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Xu Q, Qian X, Sun F, Liu H, Dou Z, Zhang J. Independent and joint associations of dietary antioxidant intake with risk of post-stroke depression and all-cause mortality. J Affect Disord 2023; 322:84-90. [PMID: 36372128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few observational studies have investigated the association of dietary antioxidant intake with post-stroke depression (PSD) risk. We used the cross-sectional and longitudinal design to investigate the independent and joint associations between dietary antioxidant intake and PSD risk and all-cause mortality. METHODS Participants from the 2005-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) aged 20 years and older with stroke were included. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to assess the associations of dietary antioxidant intake, including vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, selenium, and carotenoids, and composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) with PSD risk and all-cause mortality. RESULTS The highest quartile of dietary vitamin A (OR: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.32, 0.92), total carotenoids (OR: 0.56, 95%CI: 0.34, 0.94), and selenium intake (OR: 0.53, 95%CI: 0.31, 0.90) were associated with decreased PSD risk compared with those in the lowest quartile. The results showed a negative association between CDAI and PSD risk, with the lowest OR in the third quartiles (OR: 0.49, 95%CI: 0.30, 0.83). Furthermore, the highest quartile of dietary vitamin A (HR: 0.63, 95%CI: 0.45, 0.89), vitamin E (HR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.48, 0.99), zinc (HR: 0.57, 95%CI: 0.40, 0.81), selenium (HR: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.46, 0.90), and total carotenoids (HR: 0.66, 95%CI: 0.47, 0.92) intake and CDAI (HR: 0.56, 95%CI: 0.39, 0.81) were associated with decreased all-cause mortality compared with those in the lowest quartile. CONCLUSION Increased intake of dietary antioxidant may protect from depressive symptoms and improve the prognosis of stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Xudong Qian
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Fan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Zhijie Dou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
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Wong VWH, Ho FYY, Shi NK, Sarris J, Ng CH, Tam OKY. Lifestyle medicine for anxiety symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Affect Disord 2022; 310:354-368. [PMID: 35523299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle medicine (LM) is gaining increasing attention as a treatment option for anxiety, but the current state of evidence has not yet been systematically examined. METHODS Six electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to February 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of multicomponent LM interventions on anxiety symptoms with either care-as-usual, waitlist, no intervention, or attention control group on anxiety symptoms were identified. RESULTS A total of 53 RCTs with 18,894 participants were included for qualitative synthesis, in which 45 RCTs with data available were included for meta-analysis. Multicomponent LM intervention was significantly more effective than the control groups in reducing anxiety symptoms at immediate posttreatment (d = 0.19, p < .001) and at short-term follow-up (d = 0.29, p < .001). However, no significant difference at medium-term was found (p = .14), whereas more studies are needed to study the long-term effects. The subgroup analyses suggested that baseline anxiety symptoms was a significant moderator, suggesting that those with moderate level of baseline anxiety symptoms appeared to have greater improvements (d = 0.66, p < .05). LIMITATIONS Minimal anxiety symptoms at baseline contributed to the floor effect and influenced the degree of improvement. The included RCTs had a high risk of bias in general with potential publication bias detected. CONCLUSION The findings of this meta-analysis provided support for the positive effects of multicomponent LM interventions for anxiety symptoms. Future research is needed to determine the long-term effects of multicimponent LM and the optimal baseline anxiety severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fiona Yan-Yee Ho
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Nga-Kwan Shi
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jerome Sarris
- Western Sydney University, NICM Heath Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Richmond, VIC, Australia
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Silveira EA, Rosa LPDS, de Resende DP, Rodrigues APDS, da Costa AC, Rezende ATDO, Noll M, de Oliveira C, Junqueira-Kipnis AP. Positive Effects of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Supplementation and DietBra on Inflammation and Glycemic Profiles in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Class II/III Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:841971. [PMID: 35586621 PMCID: PMC9108866 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.841971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence on the effects of dietary interventions on inflammatory markers in individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is scarce. Our study evaluated the effects of extra-virgin olive oil alone and in combination with a traditional Brazilian diet on inflammatory markers and glycemic profiles in adults with both T2DM and class II/III obesity. Methods Adults aged 18-64 years with T2DM and class II/III obesity were randomized into two intervention groups: 1) extra-virgin olive oil only and 2) extra-virgin olive oil + a traditional Brazilian diet (OliveOil+DietBra). Data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, anthropometry, biochemical markers and inflammatory markers were collected. The primary outcomes were glycemic parameters and inflammatory markers. The body mass index (BMI) and weight were the secondary outcomes. Results Forty individuals with T2DM and class II/III obesity were enrolled, and 34 (85%) completed the intervention course. The intake of olive oil was 37.88 ± 12.50 mL/day in the olive oil group and 37.71 ± 12.23 mL/day in the OliveOil+DietBra group, with no significant difference between groups (p = 0.484). Compared to the olive oil only group, the OliveOil+DietBra group had significantly lower levels of fasting insulin (p = 0.047) at the end of the intervention, whereas the other glycemic parameters were not altered. In the OliveOil+DietBra group, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, IL-1α (p = 0.006) and adiponectin (p = 0.049) were lower and those of TNFα were higher (p = 0.037). There was a significant reduction in BMI and weight compared to the baseline values in the OliveOil+DietBra group (p = 0.015). Conclusions The intervention with OliveOil+DietBra effectively decreased the levels of fasting insulin, IL-1α and adiponectin, suggesting its beneficial role in improving the inflammatory profiles and fasting insulin levels in adults with class II/III obesity and T2DM. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02463435.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorena Pereira de Souza Rosa
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Goiás, Campus Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Danilo Pires de Resende
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Adeliane Castro da Costa
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Matias Noll
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Ceres, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
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Arsenyadis F, Ahmad E, Redman E, Yates T, Davies M, Khunti K. The Effects of Omega-3 Supplementation on Depression in Adults with Cardiometabolic Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomised Control Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091827. [PMID: 35565800 PMCID: PMC9101438 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids′ concurrent benefits for cardiometabolic and mental health are equivocal. Despite lack of evidence, up to a third of adults consume Omega-3 supplements. No review has yet been published to report effect on depression in this cardiometabolic population. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of double-blinded, controlled randomised trials to investigate the safety and effect of Omega-3 supplementation on depression scores in people with cardiometabolic diseases. Primary outcome was change in depression scores versus placebo. Secondary outcomes were side-effects, concurrent medication and adherence. Results: Seven trials reporting on 2575 (672 female) adults aged 39−73 were included. Omega-3 dosages ranged from 1−3 g with an intervention duration of 10−48 weeks. Six out of seven trials found no statistically or clinically significant change to depression scores compared to placebo. One trial favoured intervention (Relative Risk Reduction: 47.93%, 95% CI: 24.89−63.98%, p < 0.001). Sub-analyses showed clinically meaningful reductions in depression scores for those on antidepressants (Intervention: 20.9 (SD: 7.1), Placebo: 24.9 (SD: 8.5) p < 0.05) or with severe depression (−1.74; 95% CI −3.04 to −0.05, p < 0.05) in two separate trials. Side effects were comparable between treatment arms. Conclusions: Omega-3 supplementation is safe to use but not superior to placebo for depression in adults with concurrent cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciskos Arsenyadis
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; (E.A.); (E.R.); (T.Y.); (M.D.); (K.K.)
- Diabetes Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-0116-2584370
| | - Ehtasham Ahmad
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; (E.A.); (E.R.); (T.Y.); (M.D.); (K.K.)
- Diabetes Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Emma Redman
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; (E.A.); (E.R.); (T.Y.); (M.D.); (K.K.)
- Diabetes Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Thomas Yates
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; (E.A.); (E.R.); (T.Y.); (M.D.); (K.K.)
- Diabetes Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Melanie Davies
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; (E.A.); (E.R.); (T.Y.); (M.D.); (K.K.)
- Diabetes Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; (E.A.); (E.R.); (T.Y.); (M.D.); (K.K.)
- Diabetes Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Applied Health Research Collaboration-East Midlands (NIHR ARC-EM), University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
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11
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Silveira EA, Canheta AB, Noll M, Rodrigues APS, Oliveira CD. Nutritional and food education as a complementary treatment approach in severe obese individuals. Nutr Health 2022; 29:339-346. [PMID: 35293243 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221080246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The treatment for obesity, specifically severe obesity, is a challenge for health professionals and services. It requires a multidisciplinary and holistic approach covering the complexity and difficulties of incorporating healthy habits to prevent associated diseases and mortality. Individual intervention's methods are not enough to change eating habits. Objective: To describe and investigate the contribution of nutritional and food education as a complementary therapeutic approach in the treatment of individuals with severe obesity and their family members. Methods: A multidisciplinary team adopted a group approach. A different topic was addressed at each therapeutic meeting to assist in the nutritional treatment of obesity, such as diet and healthy habits i.e. barriers to lifestyle changes. The topics were developed based on different methodological and teaching approaches to facilitate adherence to non-drug treatment. Results: Overall, there was a greater understanding towards the adoption of healthy eating habits of the whole family, greater motivation to adhere to dietary changes and adoption of a more physical active lifestyle. This interventional educational support methodology had been accepted in such a positive way for patients and their relatives. Family member participation expands the possibilities of establishing necessary and lasting changes in the lifestyle of not only the patients, but their whole families. Conclusion: Health education actions constitute an important complementary therapeutic approach in promoting health and preventing complications in individuals with severe obesity. This article can be useful to enlarge the debate on the subject and face the challenges related to the effective treatment of obesity, notably severe obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Posgraduate Program, Universidade Federal Goiás, Goiania, Brazil.,66046Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrea Batista Canheta
- Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Posgraduate Program, Universidade Federal Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Matias Noll
- 509282Federal Institute Goiano, Ceres, Brazil
| | | | - Cesar de Oliveira
- 66046Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
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12
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Vetrani C, Barrea L, Rispoli R, Verde L, De Alteriis G, Docimo A, Auriemma RS, Colao A, Savastano S, Muscogiuri G. Mediterranean Diet: What Are the Consequences for Menopause? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:886824. [PMID: 35546996 PMCID: PMC9084275 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.886824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is a natural event occurring in a woman's life that is often accompanied by symptoms that might affect the quality of life. Diet has been shown to influence menopausal-related symptoms. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) might influence menopausal symptoms in women with obesity. This cross-sectional study involved postmenopausal women with obesity. Anthropometric and clinical parameters, and lifestyle habits were evaluated. All participants underwent interview questionnaires to assess: the adherence to the MD (PREDI PREvencion con DIetaMEDiterranea, PREDIMED), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), and severity of menopausal symptoms (Menopausal Rating Scale, MRS). One hundred postmenopausal women were enrolled (age 57.1 ± 7.3 years, BMI 35.0 ± 5.5 kg/m2). The mean PREDIMED score was 7.82 ± 1.66 showing moderate adherence to MD. Women in the marked MRS class had a significantly lower PREDIMED score than the none-to-moderate MRS class (p=0.036). The intake of legumes was associated with a lower MRS class (r= -0.201, p=0.045). In addition, the intake of extra-virgin olive oil inversely correlated with psychological symptoms (r= -0.230 p=0.021). Finally, 79% of participants were poor sleepers (mean PSQI score was 8.68 ± 3.6) and women in the severe MRS class had a worse sleep quality compared to other MRS classes. Post-menopausal women with marked menopausal symptoms had low adherence to MD. Legume consumption was associated with lower menopausal symptoms severity while extra virgin olive oil consumption was associated with lower psychological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vetrani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Rispoli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia De Alteriis
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Docimo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Renata Simona Auriemma
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giovanna Muscogiuri,
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13
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Longhi R, Santos ASEADC, López-Yerena A, Rodrigues APS, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. The Effectiveness of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and the Traditional Brazilian Diet in Reducing the Inflammatory Profile of Individuals with Severe Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:4139. [PMID: 34836393 PMCID: PMC8624522 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the effectiveness of two nutritional interventions alone and together, EVOO and the DieTBra, on the inflammatory profile of severely obese individuals. This study was an RCT with 149 individuals aged from 18 to 65 years, with a body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2, randomized into three intervention groups: (1) 52 mL/day of EVOO (n = 50); (2) DieTBra (n = 49); and (3) DieTBra plus 52 mL/day of EVOO (DieTBra + EVOO, n = 50). The primary outcomes we measured were the-neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the secondary outcomes we measured were the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR); leukocytes; and C reactive protein (CRP). After 12 weeks of intervention, DieTBra + EVOO significantly reduced the total leucocytes (p = 0.037) and LMR (p = 0.008). No statistically significant differences were found for the NLR in neither the intra-group and inter-group analyses, although a slight reduction was found in the DieTBra group (-0.22 ± 1.87). We observed reductions in the total leukocytes and LMR in the three groups, though without statistical difference between groups. In conclusion, nutritional intervention with DietBra + EVOO promotes a significant reduction in inflammatory biomarkers, namely leukocytes and LMR. CRP was reduced in EVOO and DieTBra groups and NLR reduced in the DieTBra group. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under NCT02463435.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Longhi
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil;
| | - Annelisa Silva e Alves de Carvalho Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Rua 235 c/1ª s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia 74650-050, Brazil; (A.S.e.A.d.C.S.); (A.P.S.R.)
| | - Anallely López-Yerena
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ana Paula Santos Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Rua 235 c/1ª s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia 74650-050, Brazil; (A.S.e.A.d.C.S.); (A.P.S.R.)
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, London University College, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Rua 235 c/1ª s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia 74650-050, Brazil; (A.S.e.A.d.C.S.); (A.P.S.R.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, London University College, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
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14
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Bawahab MA, Abd El Maksoud WM, Abbas KS, Alahmary AM, Alturaifi T, Alkhashrami S, Solaiman O. Effects of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Negative Emotional States: A Prospective Multicenter Study. Bariatr Surg Pract Patient Care 2021. [DOI: 10.1089/bari.2021.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Bawahab
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khaled S. Abbas
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Turki Alturaifi
- Surgery Department, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad Alkhashrami
- Anesthesia Department, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Solaiman
- Psychiatry Division, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Silveira EA, Noll PRES, Mohammadifard N, Rodrigues APS, Sarrafzadegan N, de Oliveira C. Which Diets Are Effective in Reducing Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk in Women with Obesity? An Integrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:3504. [PMID: 34684505 PMCID: PMC8541423 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Women are more affected by obesity than men which increases their risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, it is important to understand the effectiveness of different types of diet in the context of women's health. This review aims to summarize the scientific evidence on the effects of different types of diet for women with obesity and their impact on CVD and cancer risk. This review included epidemiological and clinical studies on adult women and different types of diets, such as the Mediterranean (MED) diet, the Traditional Brazilian Diet, the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH), intermittent fasting (IF), calorie (energy) restriction, food re-education, low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and a very low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD). Our main findings showed that although LCDs, VLCD and IF are difficult to adhere to over an extended period, they can be good options for achieving improvements in body weight and cardiometabolic parameters. MED, DASH and the Traditional Brazilian Diet are based on natural foods and reduced processed foods. These diets have been associated with better women's health outcomes, including lower risk of CVD and cancer and the prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | | | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
| | | | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
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16
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Foshati S, Ghanizadeh A, Akhlaghi M. Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Improves Depression Symptoms Without Affecting Salivary Cortisol and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Patients With Major Depression: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:284-297.e1. [PMID: 34358723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with depression are reluctant to take psychiatric medications. Hence, complementary therapies such as nutritional considerations could be advantageous. The antidepressant potential of olive oil has been proved in observational studies. OBJECTIVE The effect of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) on depression symptoms and cortisol and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in patients with depression was examined. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted on 73 patients suffering from major depressive disorder in Shiraz, Iran, in 2016. INTERVENTION The patients were randomly assigned to intervention (EVOO) and control (sunflower oil) groups and consumed 25 mL/d of the corresponding oil for 52 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Depression symptoms were assessed by Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and 7-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-7). Salivary cortisol levels were determined immediately after awakening and 30 minutes later. Cortisol awakening response and the area under the curve with respect to ground and increase were computed. Serum BDNF concentrations were also measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Statistical analysis was conducted based on intention-to-treat and per-protocol approaches. Within-group changes were examined with repeated measures (for BDI-II and HAMD-7) and with paired t test (for other variables). Between-group comparisons were performed with analysis of covariance after adjustment for confounding factors. RESULTS In intention-to-treat analysis, HAMD-7 score was the only variable with significant changes within and between groups, the latter as a greater decline in EVOO group (P = .001). BDI-II score did not show significant change in either group but the between-group comparison revealed a significant difference (P = .021). EVOO showed antidepressant effect in severely depressed patients (P = .017 for BDI-II and 0.008 for HAMD-7) but not in mild/moderate depression category. Serum BDNF concentrations, salivary cortisol levels at immediately after awakening (T0) and 30 minutes later, cortisol awakening response, the area under the curve with respect to ground and increase did not change within or between groups. Results of per-protocol analysis were not different. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested beneficial effects of EVOO on depression symptoms in patients with severe depression but not in those with mild to moderate depression. The effects were significant from both statistical and clinical points of view.
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17
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Silveira EA, Cardoso CKDS, Moura LDANE, dos Santos Rodrigues AP, de Oliveira C. Serum and Dietary Vitamin D in Individuals with Class II and III Obesity: Prevalence and Association with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2021; 13:2138. [PMID: 34206539 PMCID: PMC8308482 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome (MS) in severe obesity is unclear and controversial. We analyzed serum and dietary vitamin D and their association with MS in 150 adults with class II and III obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) from the DieTBra Trial (NCT02463435). MS parameters were high fasting blood glucose, low HDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, elevated waist circumference, and hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency was considered as a level < 20 ng/mL. We performed multivariate Poisson regression adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The prevalence of serum vitamin D deficiency was 13.3% (mean 29.9 ± 9.4 ng/mL) and dietary vitamin D median was 51.3 IU/day. There were no significant associations between vitamin D, serum, and diet and sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, and class of obesity. Serum vitamin D deficiency was associated with age ≥ 50 years (p = 0.034). After a fully adjusted multivariate Poisson regression, MS and its parameters were not associated with serum or dietary vitamin D, except for lower HDL, which was associated with serum vitamin D deficiency (PR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.97; p = 0.029). Severe obese individuals had a low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, which was not associated with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (C.K.d.S.C.); (L.d.A.N.e.M.); (A.P.d.S.R.)
| | - Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (C.K.d.S.C.); (L.d.A.N.e.M.); (A.P.d.S.R.)
- Nutrition Course, Catholic Pontifices University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-010, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Almeida Nogueira e Moura
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (C.K.d.S.C.); (L.d.A.N.e.M.); (A.P.d.S.R.)
- Municipal Hospital of Aparecida of Goiânia, Aparecida de Goiânia 74936-600, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula dos Santos Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (C.K.d.S.C.); (L.d.A.N.e.M.); (A.P.d.S.R.)
- Goias State Health Department, Goiânia 74093-250, Brazil
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
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18
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Patsalos O, Keeler J, Schmidt U, Penninx BWJH, Young AH, Himmerich H. Diet, Obesity, and Depression: A Systematic Review. J Pers Med 2021; 11:176. [PMID: 33802480 PMCID: PMC7999659 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and depression co-occur in a significant proportion of the population. Mechanisms linking the two disorders include the immune and the endocrine system, psychological and social mechanisms. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain whether weight loss through dietary interventions has the additional effect of ameliorating depressive symptoms in obese patients. METHODS We systematically searched three databases (Pubmed, Medline, Embase) for longitudinal clinical trials testing a dietary intervention in people with obesity and depression or symptoms of depression. RESULTS Twenty-four longitudinal clinical studies met the eligibility criteria with a total of 3244 included patients. Seventeen studies examined the effects of calorie-restricted diets and eight studies examined dietary supplements (two studies examined both). Only three studies examined people with a diagnosis of both obesity and depression. The majority of studies showed that interventions using a calorie-restricted diet resulted in decreases in depression scores, with effect sizes between ≈0.2 and ≈0.6. The results were less clear for dietary supplements. CONCLUSIONS People with obesity and depression appear to be a specific subgroup of depressed patients in which calorie-restricted diets might constitute a promising personalized treatment approach. The reduction of depressive symptoms may be related to immunoendocrine and psychosocial mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Patsalos
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
| | - Johanna Keeler
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Allan H. Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Hubertus Himmerich
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
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19
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Canheta ABDS, Santos ASEADC, de Souza JD, Silveira EA. Adequate statistical analyses and inferences of Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:334-335. [PMID: 33257013 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Batista de Sousa Canheta
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Brazil; Faculty of Education, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Brazil
| | | | | | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Brazil.
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20
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Eckert I. Letter to the editor: Inadequate statistical inferences in the randomized clinical trial by Canheta et al. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:338. [PMID: 33243460 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Eckert
- Undergraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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21
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Kellen de Souza Cardoso C, Gondim Peixoto MDR, dos Santos Rodrigues AP, Rodrigues Mendonça C, de Oliveira C, Aparecida Silveira E. Bone Mineral Density in Severely Obese Women: Health Risk and Health Protective Risk Factors in Three Different Bone Sites. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7017. [PMID: 32992832 PMCID: PMC7579229 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Factors associated with bone mineral density (BMD) are poorly known in severely obese individuals i.e., a body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2. The objectives of this study were to describe the bone health profile of severely obese Brazilian women, to identify the health risk and health protective factors for BMD in this group and to assess whether these factors vary according to three different bone sites. BMD was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). This study analyzed baseline data from 104 women who had an average BMI of 43.7 ± 4.5 kg/m2 and presented the following BMD status: 1.283 ± 0.094 g/cm2 for total body, 1.062 ± 0.159 g/cm2 for vertebral column and 1.195 ± 0.134 g/cm2 for hip. They took part in the "Effect of nutritional intervention and olive oil in severe obesity" randomized clinical trial (DieTBra Trial). The risk factors negatively associated with lower BMD were age ≥50 years for the three bone sites i.e., total body, vertebral column and hip. Smoking for total body BMD (p = 0.045); BMI ≥ 50kg/m2 for vertebral column and hip; menopause for hip; high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p = 0.049), insufficient zinc (p = 0.010) and previous fracture for vertebral column (p = 0.007). The protective factors positively associated with BMD were physical activity (≥150 min/week (p = 0.001)) for hip; type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) (p < 0.0001) total body and adequate vitamin D levels from food consumption (p = 0.039) for vertebral column. A BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 was a risk factor for lower BMD. The findings showed that protective and risk factors varied by bone site. The original study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov. (protocol number: NCT02463435).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria do Rosário Gondim Peixoto
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-220, Goiás, Brazil;
| | - Ana Paula dos Santos Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-220, Goiás, Brazil; (A.P.d.S.R.); (C.R.M.)
| | - Carolina Rodrigues Mendonça
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-220, Goiás, Brazil; (A.P.d.S.R.); (C.R.M.)
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-220, Goiás, Brazil; (A.P.d.S.R.); (C.R.M.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
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Silveira EA, Souza JDD, Santos ASEADC, Canheta ABDS, Pagotto V, Noll M. What are the factors associated with sarcopenia-related variables in adult women with severe obesity? Arch Public Health 2020; 78:71. [PMID: 32774854 PMCID: PMC7398193 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-020-00454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the association between sarcopenia-related variables and several risk factors may help to implement interventions aimed at preventing its occurrence by reducing or controlling the identified risk factors. Although changes in body composition occur in both sexes, in women, muscle loss is accentuated due to decreased estrogen levels following menopause. This study aims to determine the factors associated with sarcopenia-related parameters in middle-aged women identified with class II/III obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35 kg/m2). METHODS The study included 104 women with severe obesity (40.23 ± 8.49 years) with an average body fat percentage of 52.45 ± 4.14%. Sarcopenia was assessed using total appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMMI), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass adjusted by BMI (ASMM/BMI) as evaluated using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Hand grip strength (HGS) and HGS adjusted by BMI (HGS/BMI) were evaluated using dynamometry. Functional performance was assessed using the walking speed test (WS). The explanatory variables were age, lifestyle, comorbidities, food consumption, and metabolic parameters. A multivariate linear regression was performed. RESULTS Factors associated with sarcopenia-related variables in 104 severely obese women with a mean BMI of 43.85 kg/m2 were as follows: ASMMI negatively correlated with serum levels of tetraiodothyronine (T4) and tobacco use; ASMM/BMI negatively correlated with age, serum T4 levels, and diabetes; ASMM negatively correlated with T4 serum levels and diabetes; HGS negatively correlated with age and hypercholesterolemia, and positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c); HGS/BMI negatively correlated with age and hypercholesterolemia and positively correlated with LDL-c; and WS negatively correlated with hypothyroidism and diabetes. CONCLUSION In severely obese women, muscle mass and function were inversely associated with age, smoking status, endocrine parameters, hypercholesterolemia, and comorbidities such as diabetes. Thus, the results of this investigation are relevant in supporting the development of clinical interventions to aid in the prevention of sarcopenia in adult women with severe obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 1a. s/n - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás CEP 74605-020 Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Danesio de Souza
- University North of Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Annelisa Silva e Alves de Carvalho Santos
- Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 1a. s/n - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás CEP 74605-020 Brazil
| | - Andrea Batista de Souza Canheta
- Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 1a. s/n - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás CEP 74605-020 Brazil
| | - Valéria Pagotto
- Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 1a. s/n - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás CEP 74605-020 Brazil
| | - Matias Noll
- Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 1a. s/n - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás CEP 74605-020 Brazil
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Goiânia, Brazil
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