1
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Narayanan B, Xia C, McAndrew R, Shen AL, Kim JJP. Structural basis for expanded substrate specificities of human long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and related acyl-CoA dehydrogenases. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12976. [PMID: 38839792 PMCID: PMC11153573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Crystal structures of human long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) and the catalytically inactive Glu291Gln mutant, have been determined. These structures suggest that LCAD harbors functions beyond its historically defined role in mitochondrial β-oxidation of long and medium-chain fatty acids. LCAD is a homotetramer containing one FAD per 43 kDa subunit with Glu291 as the catalytic base. The substrate binding cavity of LCAD reveals key differences which makes it specific for longer and branched chain substrates. The presence of Pro132 near the start of the E helix leads to helix unwinding that, together with adjacent smaller residues, permits binding of bulky substrates such as 3α, 7α, l2α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA. This structural element is also utilized by ACAD11, a eucaryotic ACAD of unknown function, as well as bacterial ACADs known to metabolize sterol substrates. Sequence comparison suggests that ACAD10, another ACAD of unknown function, may also share this substrate specificity. These results suggest that LCAD, ACAD10, ACAD11 constitute a distinct class of eucaryotic acyl CoA dehydrogenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena Narayanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Chuanwu Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Ryan McAndrew
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94740, USA
| | - Anna L Shen
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jung-Ja P Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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2
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Van Hove JLK, Friederich MW, Hock DH, Stroud DA, Caruana NJ, Christians U, Schniedewind B, Michel CR, Reisdorph R, Lopez Gonzalez EDJ, Brenner C, Donovan TE, Lee JC, Chatfield KC, Larson AA, Baker PR, McCandless SE, Moore Burk MF. ACAD9 treatment with bezafibrate and nicotinamide riboside temporarily stabilizes cardiomyopathy and lactic acidosis. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101905. [PMID: 38797357 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic ACAD9 variants cause complex I deficiency. Patients presenting in infancy unresponsive to riboflavin have high mortality. A six-month-old infant presented with riboflavin unresponsive lactic acidosis and life-threatening cardiomyopathy. Treatment with high dose bezafibrate and nicotinamide riboside resulted in marked clinical improvement including reduced lactate and NT-pro-brain type natriuretic peptide levels, with stabilized echocardiographic measures. After a long stable period, the child succumbed from cardiac failure with infection at 10.5 months. Therapy was well tolerated. Peak bezafibrate levels exceeded its EC50. The clinical improvement with this treatment illustrates its potential, but weak PPAR agonist activity of bezafibrate limited its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniella H Hock
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nikeisha J Caruana
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Björn Schniedewind
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Cole R Michel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Richard Reisdorph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Edwin D J Lopez Gonzalez
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Charles Brenner
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Tonia E Donovan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jessica C Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kathryn C Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Cardiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Austin A Larson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Peter R Baker
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Shawn E McCandless
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Meghan F Moore Burk
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16(th) Avenue, Aurora, CO, USA
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3
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Laube E, Schiller J, Zickermann V, Vonck J. Using cryo-EM to understand the assembly pathway of respiratory complex I. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2024; 80:159-173. [PMID: 38372588 PMCID: PMC10910544 DOI: 10.1107/s205979832400086x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Complex I (proton-pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the first component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In recent years, high-resolution cryo-EM studies of complex I from various species have greatly enhanced the understanding of the structure and function of this important membrane-protein complex. Less well studied is the structural basis of complex I biogenesis. The assembly of this complex of more than 40 subunits, encoded by nuclear or mitochondrial DNA, is an intricate process that requires at least 20 different assembly factors in humans. These are proteins that are transiently associated with building blocks of the complex and are involved in the assembly process, but are not part of mature complex I. Although the assembly pathways have been studied extensively, there is limited information on the structure and molecular function of the assembly factors. Here, the insights that have been gained into the assembly process using cryo-EM are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Laube
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jonathan Schiller
- Institute of Biochemistry II, University Hospital, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Volker Zickermann
- Institute of Biochemistry II, University Hospital, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Janet Vonck
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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4
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Narayanan B, Xia C, McAndrew R, Shen AL, Kim JJP. Structural Basis for Expanded Substrate Speci ficities of Human Long Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase and Related Acyl- CoA Dehydrogenases. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3980524. [PMID: 38464032 PMCID: PMC10925408 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980524/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Crystal structures of human long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) and the E291Q mutant, have been determined. These structures suggest that LCAD harbors functions beyond its historically defined role in mitochondrial β-oxidation of long and medium-chain fatty acids. LCAD is a homotetramer containing one FAD per 43kDa subunit with Glu291 as the catalytic base. The substrate binding cavity of LCAD reveals key differences which makes it specific for longer and branched chain substrates. The presence of Pro132 near the start of the E helix leads to helix unwinding that, together with adjacent smaller residues, permits binding of bulky substrates such as 3α, 7α, l2α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA. This structural element is also utilized by ACAD11, a eucaryotic ACAD of unknown function, as well as bacterial ACADs known to metabolize sterol substrates. Sequence comparison suggests that ACAD10, another ACAD of unknown function, may also share this substrate specificity. These results suggest that LCAD, ACAD10, ACAD11 constitute a distinct class of eucaryotic acyl CoA dehydrogenases.
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5
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Curtabbi A, Guarás A, Cabrera-Alarcón JL, Rivero M, Calvo E, Rosa-Moreno M, Vázquez J, Medina M, Enríquez JA. Regulation of respiratory complex I assembly by FMN cofactor targeting. Redox Biol 2024; 69:103001. [PMID: 38145589 PMCID: PMC10767280 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory complex I plays a crucial role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and shows promise as a therapeutic target for various human diseases. While most studies focus on inhibiting complex I at the Q-site, little is known about inhibitors targeting other sites within the complex. In this study, we demonstrate that diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a N-site inhibitor, uniquely affects the stability of complex I by reacting with its flavin cofactor FMN. Treatment with DPI blocks the final stage of complex I assembly, leading to the complete and reversible degradation of complex I in different cellular models. Growing cells in medium lacking the FMN precursor riboflavin or knocking out the mitochondrial flavin carrier gene SLC25A32 results in a similar complex I degradation. Overall, our findings establish a direct connection between mitochondrial flavin homeostasis and complex I stability and assembly, paving the way for novel pharmacological strategies to regulate respiratory complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Curtabbi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adela Guarás
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Cabrera-Alarcón
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maribel Rivero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Rosa-Moreno
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Medina
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Antonio Enríquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Tankrathok A, Mahong B, Roytrakul S, Daduang S, Temsiripong Y, Klaynongsruang S, Jangpromma N. Proteomic analysis of crocodile white blood cells reveals insights into the mechanism of the innate immune system. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24583. [PMID: 38312682 PMCID: PMC10835162 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Crocodiles have a particularly powerful innate immune system because their blood contains high levels of antimicrobial peptides. They can survive injuries that would be fatal to other animals, and they are rarely afflicted with diseases. To better understand the crocodile's innate immune response, proteomic analysis was performed on the white blood cells (WBC) of an Aeromonas hydrophila-infected crocodile. Levels of WBC and red blood cells (RBC) rapidly increased within 1 h. In WBC, there were 109 up-regulated differentially expressed proteins (DEP) that were up-regulated. Fifty-nine DEPs dramatically increased expression from 1 h after inoculation, whereas 50 up-regulated DEPs rose after 24 h. The most abundant DEPs mainly had two biological functions, 1) gene expression regulators, for example, zinc finger proteins and histone H1 family, and 2) cell mechanical forces such as actin cytoskeleton proteins and microtubule-binding proteins. This finding illustrates the characteristic effective innate immune response mechanism of crocodiles that might occur via boosted transcription machinery proteins to accelerate cytoskeletal protein production for induction of phagocytosis, along with the increment of trafficking proteins to transport essential molecules for combating pathogens. The findings of this study provide new insights into the mechanisms of the crocodile's innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupong Tankrathok
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin, 46000, Thailand
| | - Bancha Mahong
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Proteomics Laboratory, Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sakda Daduang
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Sompong Klaynongsruang
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nisachon Jangpromma
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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7
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McGregor L, Acajjaoui S, Desfosses A, Saïdi M, Bacia-Verloop M, Schwarz JJ, Juyoux P, von Velsen J, Bowler MW, McCarthy AA, Kandiah E, Gutsche I, Soler-Lopez M. The assembly of the Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly complex uncovers a redox pathway coordination. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8248. [PMID: 38086790 PMCID: PMC10716376 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43865-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly (MCIA) complex is essential for the biogenesis of respiratory Complex I (CI), the first enzyme in the respiratory chain, which has been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. However, how MCIA facilitates CI assembly, and how it is linked with AD pathogenesis, is poorly understood. Here we report the structural basis of the complex formation between the MCIA subunits ECSIT and ACAD9. ECSIT binding induces a major conformational change in the FAD-binding loop of ACAD9, releasing the FAD cofactor and converting ACAD9 from a fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) enzyme to a CI assembly factor. We provide evidence that ECSIT phosphorylation downregulates its association with ACAD9 and is reduced in neuronal cells upon exposure to amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers. These findings advance our understanding of the MCIA complex assembly and suggest a possible role for ECSIT in the reprogramming of bioenergetic pathways linked to Aβ toxicity, a hallmark of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay McGregor
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Samira Acajjaoui
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Ambroise Desfosses
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS (IBS), 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Melissa Saïdi
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Maria Bacia-Verloop
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS (IBS), 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Jennifer J Schwarz
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pauline Juyoux
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Jill von Velsen
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Matthew W Bowler
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Andrew A McCarthy
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Eaazhisai Kandiah
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Irina Gutsche
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS (IBS), 38044, Grenoble, France.
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Montserrat Soler-Lopez
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, France.
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8
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Marumo T, Maduka CV, Ural E, Apu EH, Chung SJ, Tanabe K, van den Berg NS, Zhou Q, Martin BA, Miura T, Rosenthal EL, Shibahara T, Contag CH. Flavinated SDHA underlies the change in intrinsic optical properties of oral cancers. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1134. [PMID: 37945749 PMCID: PMC10636189 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05510-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of reduced autofluorescence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells relative to normal cells has been speculated to be due to lower levels of free flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). This speculation, along with differences in the intrinsic optical properties of extracellular collagen, lies at the foundation of the design of currently-used clinical optical detection devices. Here, we report that free FAD levels may not account for differences in autofluorescence of OSCC cells, but that the differences relate to FAD as a co-factor for flavination. Autofluorescence from a 70 kDa flavoprotein, succinate dehydrogenase A (SDHA), was found to be responsible for changes in optical properties within the FAD spectral region, with lower levels of flavinated SDHA in OSCC cells. Since flavinated SDHA is required for functional complexation with succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB), decreased SDHB levels were observed in human OSCC tissue relative to normal tissues. Accordingly, the metabolism of OSCC cells was found to be significantly altered relative to normal cells, revealing vulnerabilities for both diagnosis and targeted therapy. Optimizing non-invasive tools based on optical and metabolic signatures of cancers will enable more precise and early diagnosis leading to improved outcomes in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Marumo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Chima V Maduka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Comparative Medicine & Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Evran Ural
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Ehsanul Hoque Apu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Seock-Jin Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Koji Tanabe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Nynke S van den Berg
- Department of Otolaryngology - Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology - Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Brock A Martin
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3100 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tadashi Miura
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Eben L Rosenthal
- Department of Otolaryngology - Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Takahiko Shibahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Christopher H Contag
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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9
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Murgia C, Dehlia A, Guthridge MA. New insights into the nutritional genomics of adult-onset riboflavin-responsive diseases. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:42. [PMID: 37845732 PMCID: PMC10580530 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin, or vitamin B2, is an essential nutrient that serves as a precursor to flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN). The binding of the FAD and/or FMN cofactors to flavoproteins is critical for regulating their assembly and activity. There are over 90 proteins in the human flavoproteome that regulate a diverse array of biochemical pathways including mitochondrial metabolism, riboflavin transport, ubiquinone and FAD synthesis, antioxidant signalling, one-carbon metabolism, nitric oxide signalling and peroxisome oxidative metabolism. The identification of patients with genetic variants in flavoprotein genes that lead to adult-onset pathologies remains a major diagnostic challenge. However, once identified, many patients with adult-onset inborn errors of metabolism demonstrate remarkable responses to riboflavin therapy. We review the structure:function relationships of mutant flavoproteins and propose new mechanistic insights into adult-onset riboflavin-responsive pathologies and metabolic dysregulations that apply to multiple biochemical pathways. We further address the vexing issue of how the inheritance of genetic variants in flavoprotein genes leads to an adult-onset disease with complex symptomologies and varying severities. We also propose a broad clinical framework that may not only improve the current diagnostic rates, but also facilitate a personalized approach to riboflavin therapy that is low cost, safe and lead to transformative outcomes in many patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Murgia
- The School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences (SAFES), Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Ankush Dehlia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Mark A Guthridge
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
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10
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Zhang Y, Liu Z, Xiao G, Shi J, Liu B, Xiao N, Sun Z. Simultaneous DHA and organic selenium production by Schizochytrium sp.: a theoretical basis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15607. [PMID: 37731016 PMCID: PMC10511486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42900-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and selenium (Se) are nutrients that confer several health benefits to both humans and animals. Widespread use of DHA in milk powder and health products requires large-scale mass production via Schizochytrium sp., while Se intended for human consumption is produced as organic Se via yeast. However, producing these nutrients on an industrial scale is constrained by various factors. We found that supplementing Schizochytrium sp. with Na2SeO3 (0.5 mg/L) improves its biomass and DHA production and also provides organic Se. De novo assembled transcriptome and biochemical indicators showed that Na2SeO3 promotes forming acetyl coenzyme A and L-cysteine via the glycerol kinase and cysteine synthase pathways, promoting DHA synthesis through the polyketide synthase pathway. However, high doses of Na2SeO3 (5 mg/L) limited the biomass of Schizochytrium sp. and DHA content. This study provided a theoretical basis for the simultaneous production of organic Se and DHA via Schizochytrium sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang Zhang
- Hunan Agricultural University Veterinary Faculty, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Canzoho Biological Technology Co., Ltd., 321 Kangning Road, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Zikui Liu
- Hunan Agricultural University Veterinary Faculty, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Canzoho Biological Technology Co., Ltd., 321 Kangning Road, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Hunan Agricultural University Veterinary Faculty, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Hunan Agricultural University Veterinary Faculty, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Canzoho Biological Technology Co., Ltd., 321 Kangning Road, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Baili Liu
- Hunan Canzoho Biological Technology Co., Ltd., 321 Kangning Road, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Ning Xiao
- Hunan Agricultural University Veterinary Faculty, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiliang Sun
- Hunan Agricultural University Veterinary Faculty, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha City, 410000, Hunan, China.
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11
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Vianey-Saban C, Guffon N, Fouilhoux A, Acquaviva C. Fifty years of research on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders: The remaining challenges. J Inherit Metab Dis 2023; 46:848-873. [PMID: 37530674 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the identification of the first disorder of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation defects (FAOD) in 1973, more than 20 defects have been identified. Although there are some differences, most FAOD have similar clinical signs, which are mainly due to energy depletion and toxicity of accumulated metabolites. However, some of them have an unusual clinical phenotype or specific clinical signs. This manuscript focuses on what we have learnt so far on the pathophysiology of these disorders, which present with clinical signs that are not typical of categorical FAOD. It also highlights that some disorders have not yet been identified and tries to make assumptions to explain why. It also deals with new treatments under consideration in FAOD, including triheptanoin and similar anaplerotic substrates, ketone body treatments, RNA and gene therapy approaches. Finally, it suggests challenges for the diagnosis of FAOD in the coming years, both for symptomatic patients and for those diagnosed through newborn screening. The ultimate goal would be to identify all the patients born with FAOD and ensure for them the best possible quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Vianey-Saban
- Biochemical and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Metabolic Inborn Errors of Metabolism Unit, Groupement Hospitalier Est, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Nathalie Guffon
- National Reference Centre for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, Groupement Hospitalier Est, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Alain Fouilhoux
- National Reference Centre for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, Groupement Hospitalier Est, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Cécile Acquaviva
- Biochemical and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Metabolic Inborn Errors of Metabolism Unit, Groupement Hospitalier Est, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
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12
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Marumo T, Maduka CV, Ural E, Apu EH, Chung SJ, van den Berg NS, Zhou Q, Martin BA, Rosenthal EL, Shibahara T, Contag CH. Flavinated SDHA Underlies the Change in Intrinsic Optical Properties of Oral Cancers. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.30.551184. [PMID: 37577521 PMCID: PMC10418065 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.30.551184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The molecular basis of reduced autofluorescence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells relative to normal cells has been speculated to be due to lower levels of free flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). This speculation, along with differences in the intrinsic optical properties of extracellular collagen, lie at the foundation of the design of currently-used clinical optical detection devices. Here, we report that free FAD levels may not account for differences in autofluorescence of OSCC cells, but that the differences relate to FAD as a co-factor for flavination. Autofluorescence from a 70 kDa flavoprotein, succinate dehydrogenase A (SDHA), was found to be responsible for changes in optical properties within the FAD spectral region with lower levels of flavinated SDHA in OSCC cells. Since flavinated SDHA is required for functional complexation with succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB), decreased SDHB levels were observed in human OSCC tissue relative to normal tissues. Accordingly, the metabolism of OSCC cells was found to be significantly altered relative to normal cells, revealing vulnerabilities for both diagnosis and targeted therapy. Optimizing non-invasive tools based on optical and metabolic signatures of cancers will enable more precise and early diagnosis leading to improved outcomes in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Marumo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Chima V. Maduka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Comparative Medicine & Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Evran Ural
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Ehsanul Hoque Apu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Seock-Jin Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Nynke S. van den Berg
- Department of Otolaryngology – Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology – Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brock A. Martin
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3100 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eben L. Rosenthal
- Department of Otolaryngology – Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Takahiko Shibahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Christopher H. Contag
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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13
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Marques-Carvalho A, Sardão VA, Kim HN, Almeida M. ECSIT is essential for RANKL-induced stimulation of mitochondria in osteoclasts and a target for the anti-osteoclastogenic effects of estrogens. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1110369. [PMID: 37152948 PMCID: PMC10157190 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1110369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Estrogens inhibit bone resorption and preserve bone mass, at least in part, via direct effects on osteoclasts. The binding of RANKL, the critical cytokine for osteoclast differentiation, to its receptor in osteoclast precursor cells of the monocyte lineage recruits the adaptor protein TRAF6 and activates multiple signaling pathways. Early effects of RANKL include stimulation of mitochondria. 17β-estradiol (E2) prevents the effects of RANKL on mitochondria and promotes mitochondria mediated apoptotic cell death. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the actions of RANKL and estrogens on mitochondria remain unknown. Evolutionarily Conserved Signaling Intermediate in Toll Pathway (ECSIT) is a complex I-associated protein that regulates immune responses in macrophages following the engagement of Toll-like receptors, which also recruit TRAF6. Here, we examined whether ECSIT could be implicated in the rapid effects of RANKL and E2 on osteoclast progenitors. Methods Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) from C57BL/6 mice were cultured with RANKL (30 ng/ml) with or without E2 (10-8 M). ECSIT-TRAF6 interaction was evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation and ECSIT levels in mitochondria and cytosolic fractions by Western blot. ShRNA lentivirus particles were used to knockdown ECSIT. Osteoclasts were enumerated after tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates were measured with Seahorse XFe96 Analyzer. ATP, lactate, and NAD/NADH were measured with commercial assay kits. NADH oxidation to NAD was used to evaluate Complex I activity. Total and mitochondrial ROS, and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured with H2DCFDA, MitoSOX, and TMRM probes, respectively. Degradation of DEVD-AFC was used to measure Caspase-3 activity. Results We found that RANKL promoted ECSIT-TRAF6 interaction and increased the levels of ECSIT in mitochondria. E2 abrogated these effects of RANKL. Silencing of ECSIT decreased osteoclast differentiation and abrogated the inhibitory effects of E2 on osteoclastogenesis. Loss of ECSIT decreased complex I activity, oxygen consumption, NAD+/NADH redox ratio, and ATP production and increased mitochondrial ROS. In the absence of ECSIT, the stimulatory actions of RANKL on complex I activity and all other markers of oxidative phosphorylation, as well as their inhibition by E2, were prevented. Instead, RANKL stimulated apoptosis of osteoclast progenitors. Discussion These findings suggest that dysregulated mitochondria cause a switch in RANKL signaling from pro-survival to pro-apoptotic. In addition, our results indicate that ECSIT represents a central node for the early effects of RANKL on mitochondria and that inhibition of ECSIT-mediated mitochondria stimulation might contribute to the bone protective actions of estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Marques-Carvalho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- PhD Program in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vilma A. Sardão
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Aging (MIA-Portugal), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ha-Neui Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Maria Almeida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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14
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Burgin H, Sharpe AJ, Nie S, Ziemann M, Crameri JJ, Stojanovski D, Pitt J, Ohtake A, Murayama K, McKenzie M. Loss of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation protein short-chain Enoyl-CoA hydratase disrupts oxidative phosphorylation protein complex stability and function. FEBS J 2023; 290:225-246. [PMID: 35962613 PMCID: PMC10087869 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase 1 (ECHS1) is involved in the second step of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO), catalysing the hydration of short-chain enoyl-CoA esters to short-chain 3-hyroxyl-CoA esters. Genetic deficiency in ECHS1 (ECHS1D) is associated with a specific subset of Leigh Syndrome, a disease typically caused by defects in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Here, we examined the molecular pathogenesis of ECHS1D using a CRISPR/Cas9 edited human cell 'knockout' model and fibroblasts from ECHS1D patients. Transcriptome analysis of ECHS1 'knockout' cells showed reductions in key mitochondrial pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle, receptor-mediated mitophagy and nucleotide biosynthesis. Subsequent proteomic analyses confirmed these reductions and revealed additional defects in mitochondrial oxidoreductase activity and fatty acid β-oxidation. Functional analysis of ECHS1 'knockout' cells showed reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates when metabolising glucose or OXPHOS complex I-linked substrates, as well as decreased complex I and complex IV enzyme activities. ECHS1 'knockout' cells also exhibited decreased OXPHOS protein complex steady-state levels (complex I, complex III2 , complex IV, complex V and supercomplexes CIII2 /CIV and CI/CIII2 /CIV), which were associated with a defect in complex I assembly. Patient fibroblasts exhibit varied reduction of mature OXPHOS complex steady-state levels, with defects detected in CIII2 , CIV, CV and the CI/CIII2 /CIV supercomplex. Overall, these findings highlight the contribution of defective OXPHOS function, in particular complex I deficiency, to the molecular pathogenesis of ECHS1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison Burgin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Alice J Sharpe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shuai Nie
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Ziemann
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jordan J Crameri
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Diana Stojanovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - James Pitt
- Department of Paediatrics, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Pediatrics & Clinical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan.,Centre for Intractable Diseases, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Japan
| | - Matthew McKenzie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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15
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Lin C, Yang Q, Guo D, Xie J, Yang YS, Chaugule S, DeSouza N, Oh WT, Li R, Chen Z, John AA, Qiu Q, Zhu LJ, Greenblatt MB, Ghosh S, Li S, Gao G, Haynes C, Emerson CP, Shim JH. Impaired mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in skeletal progenitor cells leads to musculoskeletal disintegration. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6869. [PMID: 36369293 PMCID: PMC9652319 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34694-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although skeletal progenitors provide a reservoir for bone-forming osteoblasts, the major energy source for their osteogenesis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate a requirement for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in the osteogenic commitment and differentiation of skeletal progenitors. Deletion of Evolutionarily Conserved Signaling Intermediate in Toll pathways (ECSIT) in skeletal progenitors hinders bone formation and regeneration, resulting in skeletal deformity, defects in the bone marrow niche and spontaneous fractures followed by persistent nonunion. Upon skeletal fracture, Ecsit-deficient skeletal progenitors migrate to adjacent skeletal muscle causing muscle atrophy. These phenotypes are intrinsic to ECSIT function in skeletal progenitors, as little skeletal abnormalities were observed in mice lacking Ecsit in committed osteoprogenitors or mature osteoblasts. Mechanistically, Ecsit deletion in skeletal progenitors impairs mitochondrial complex assembly and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and elevates glycolysis. ECSIT-associated skeletal phenotypes were reversed by in vivo reconstitution with wild-type ECSIT expression, but not a mutant displaying defective mitochondrial localization. Collectively, these findings identify mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation as the prominent energy-driving force for osteogenesis of skeletal progenitors, governing musculoskeletal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujiao Lin
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Qiyuan Yang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dongsheng Guo
- Department of Neurology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Viral Vector Core, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Yeon-Suk Yang
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sachin Chaugule
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ngoc DeSouza
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Won-Taek Oh
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Aijaz A John
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Qiang Qiu
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lihua Julie Zhu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Research Divisions, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shaoguang Li
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Viral Vector Core, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Cole Haynes
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Charles P Emerson
- Department of Neurology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Program, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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16
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Wang G, Wang Y, Ni J, Li R, Zhu F, Wang R, Tian Q, Shen Q, Yang Q, Tang J, Murcha MW, Wang G. An MCIA-like complex is required for mitochondrial complex I assembly and seed development in maize. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1470-1487. [PMID: 35957532 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During adaptive radiation, mitochondria have co-evolved with their hosts, leading to gain or loss of subunits and assembly factors of respiratory complexes. Plant mitochondrial complex I harbors ∼40 nuclear- and 9 mitochondrial-encoded subunits, and is formed by stepwise assembly during which different intermediates are integrated via various assembly factors. In mammals, the mitochondrial complex I intermediate assembly (MCIA) complex is required for building the membrane arm module. However, plants have lost almost all of the MCIA complex components, giving rise to the hypothesis that plants follow an ancestral pathway to assemble the membrane arm subunits. Here, we characterize a maize crumpled seed mutant, crk1, and reveal by map-based cloning that CRK1 encodes an ortholog of human complex I assembly factor 1, zNDUFAF1, the only evolutionarily conserved MCIA subunit in plants. zNDUFAF1 is localized in the mitochondria and accumulates in two intermediate complexes that contain complex I membrane arm subunits. Disruption of zNDUFAF1 results in severe defects in complex I assembly and activity, a cellular bioenergetic shift to aerobic glycolysis, and mitochondrial vacuolation. Moreover, we found that zNDUFAF1, the putative mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase ZmTIM17-1, and the isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase ZmIVD1 interact each other, and could be co-precipitated from the mitochondria and co-migrate in the same assembly intermediates. Knockout of either ZmTIM17-1 or ZmIVD1 could lead to the significantly reduced complex I stability and activity as well as defective seeds. These results suggest that zNDUFAF1, ZmTIM17-1 and ZmIVD1 probably form an MCIA-like complex that is essential for the biogenesis of mitochondrial complex I and seed development in maize. Our findings also imply that plants and mammals recruit MCIA subunits independently for mitochondrial complex I assembly, highlighting the importance of parallel evolution in mitochondria adaptation to their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yongyan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, CIMMYT--China Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jiacheng Ni
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, CIMMYT--China Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Fengling Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, CIMMYT--China Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruyin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, CIMMYT--China Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qiuzhen Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, CIMMYT--China Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qingwen Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, CIMMYT--China Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qinghua Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, CIMMYT--China Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jihua Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, CIMMYT--China Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Monika W Murcha
- School of Molecular Sciences & The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Guifeng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, CIMMYT--China Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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17
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Tian Q, Wang G, Ma X, Shen Q, Ding M, Yang X, Luo X, Li R, Wang Z, Wang X, Fu Z, Yang Q, Tang J, Wang G. Riboflavin integrates cellular energetics and cell cycle to regulate maize seed development. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1487-1501. [PMID: 35426230 PMCID: PMC9342611 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Riboflavin is the precursor of essential cofactors for diverse metabolic processes. Unlike animals, plants can de novo produce riboflavin through an ancestrally conserved pathway, like bacteria and fungi. However, the mechanism by which riboflavin regulates seed development is poorly understood. Here, we report a novel maize (Zea mays L.) opaque mutant o18, which displays an increase in lysine accumulation, but impaired endosperm filling and embryo development. O18 encodes a rate-limiting bifunctional enzyme ZmRIBA1, targeted to plastid where to initiate riboflavin biosynthesis. Loss of function of O18 specifically disrupts respiratory complexes I and II, but also decreases SDH1 flavinylation, and in turn shifts the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to glycolysis. The deprivation of cellular energy leads to cell-cycle arrest at G1 and S phases in both mitosis and endoreduplication during endosperm development. The unexpected up-regulation of cell-cycle genes in o18 correlates with the increase of H3K4me3 levels, revealing a possible H3K4me-mediated epigenetic back-up mechanism for cell-cycle progression under unfavourable circumstances. Overexpression of O18 increases riboflavin production and confers osmotic tolerance. Altogether, our results substantiate a key role of riboflavin in coordinating cellular energy and cell cycle to modulate maize endosperm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzhen Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xuexia Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio‐Energy CropsSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qingwen Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Mengli Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xueyi Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xiaoli Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Rongrong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhenghui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhiyuan Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Qinghua Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jihua Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- The Shennong LaboratoryZhengzhouChina
| | - Guifeng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops ScienceCIMMYT‐Henan Joint Center for Wheat and Maize ImprovementCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
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18
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Speijer D. Molecular characteristics of the multi-functional FAO enzyme ACAD9 illustrate the importance of FADH 2 /NADH ratios for mitochondrial ROS formation. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2200056. [PMID: 35708204 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A decade ago I postulated that ROS formation in mitochondria was influenced by different FADH2 /NADH (F/N) ratios of catabolic substrates. Thus, fatty acid oxidation (FAO) would give higher ROS formation than glucose oxidation. Both the emergence of peroxisomes and neurons not using FAO, could be explained thus. ROS formation in NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I) comes about by reverse electron transport (RET) due to high QH2 levels, and scarcity of its electron-acceptor (Q) during FAO. The then new, unexpected, finding of an FAO enzyme, ACAD9, being involved in complex I biogenesis, hinted at connections in line with the hypothesis. Recent findings about ACAD9's role in regulation of respiration fit with predictions the model makes: cementing connections between ROS production and F/N ratios. I describe how ACAD9 might be central to reversing the oxidative damage in complex I resulting from FAO. This seems to involve two distinct, but intimately connected, ACAD9 characteristics: (i) its upregulation of complex I biogenesis, and (ii) releasing FADH2 , with possible conversion into FMN, the crucial prosthetic group of complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave Speijer
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Han Z, Ma K, Tao H, Liu H, Zhang J, Sai X, Li Y, Chi M, Nian Q, Song L, Liu C. A Deep Insight Into Regulatory T Cell Metabolism in Renal Disease: Facts and Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826732. [PMID: 35251009 PMCID: PMC8892604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease encompasses a complex set of diseases that can aggravate or start systemic pathophysiological processes through their complex metabolic mechanisms and effects on body homoeostasis. The prevalence of kidney disease has increased dramatically over the last two decades. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells that express the transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) are critical for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disease and tissue damage caused by excessive or unnecessary immune activation, including autoimmune kidney diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of metabolic reprogramming in controlling the plasticity, stability, and function of Treg cells. They are also likely to play a vital role in limiting kidney transplant rejection and potentially promoting transplant tolerance. Metabolic pathways, such as mitochondrial function, glycolysis, lipid synthesis, glutaminolysis, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, are involved in the development of renal diseases by modulating the function and proliferation of Treg cells. Targeting metabolic pathways to alter Treg cells can offer a promising method for renal disease therapy. In this review, we provide a new perspective on the role of Treg cell metabolism in renal diseases by presenting the renal microenvironment、relevant metabolites of Treg cell metabolism, and the role of Treg cell metabolism in various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Han
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuai Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hongxia Tao
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyalatu Sai
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxuan Chi
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Department of Blood Transfusion Sicuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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20
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Jiang N, Xie B, Xiao W, Fan M, Xu S, Duan Y, Hamsafar Y, Evans AC, Huang J, Zhou W, Lin X, Ye N, Wanggou S, Chen W, Jing D, Fragoso RC, Dugger BN, Wilson PF, Coleman MA, Xia S, Li X, Sun LQ, Monjazeb AM, Wang A, Murphy WJ, Kung HJ, Lam KS, Chen HW, Li JJ. Fatty acid oxidation fuels glioblastoma radioresistance with CD47-mediated immune evasion. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1511. [PMID: 35314680 PMCID: PMC8938495 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains the top challenge to radiotherapy with only 25% one-year survival after diagnosis. Here, we reveal that co-enhancement of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) enzymes (CPT1A, CPT2 and ACAD9) and immune checkpoint CD47 is dominant in recurrent GBM patients with poor prognosis. A glycolysis-to-FAO metabolic rewiring is associated with CD47 anti-phagocytosis in radioresistant GBM cells and regrown GBM after radiation in syngeneic mice. Inhibition of FAO by CPT1 inhibitor etomoxir or CRISPR-generated CPT1A-/-, CPT2-/-, ACAD9-/- cells demonstrate that FAO-derived acetyl-CoA upregulates CD47 transcription via NF-κB/RelA acetylation. Blocking FAO impairs tumor growth and reduces CD47 anti-phagocytosis. Etomoxir combined with anti-CD47 antibody synergizes radiation control of regrown tumors with boosted macrophage phagocytosis. These results demonstrate that enhanced fat acid metabolism promotes aggressive growth of GBM with CD47-mediated immune evasion. The FAO-CD47 axis may be targeted to improve GBM control by eliminating the radioresistant phagocytosis-proofing tumor cells in GBM radioimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Jiang
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Bowen Xie
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 PR China
| | - Wenwu Xiao
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Ming Fan
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Shanxiu Xu
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Yixin Duan
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Yamah Hamsafar
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Angela C. Evans
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Jie Huang
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Weibing Zhou
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Xuelei Lin
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Ningrong Ye
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Siyi Wanggou
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Wen Chen
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Di Jing
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Ruben C. Fragoso
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Brittany N. Dugger
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Paul F. Wilson
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Matthew A. Coleman
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Shuli Xia
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Xuejun Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Lun-Quan Sun
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Arta M. Monjazeb
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Aijun Wang
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - William J. Murphy
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Departments of Dermatology and Internal Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110 Taiwan
| | - Kit S. Lam
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Hong-Wu Chen
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.413933.f0000 0004 0419 2847Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA95655 USA
| | - Jian Jian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. .,NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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21
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Mitochondrial Neurodegeneration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040637. [PMID: 35203288 PMCID: PMC8870525 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles, which generate energy as heat and ATP, the universal energy currency of the cell. This process is carried out by coupling electron stripping through oxidation of nutrient substrates with the formation of a proton-based electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Controlled dissipation of the gradient can lead to production of heat as well as ATP, via ADP phosphorylation. This process is known as oxidative phosphorylation, and is carried out by four multiheteromeric complexes (from I to IV) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, carrying out the electron flow whose energy is stored as a proton-based electrochemical gradient. This gradient sustains a second reaction, operated by the mitochondrial ATP synthase, or complex V, which condensates ADP and Pi into ATP. Four complexes (CI, CIII, CIV, and CV) are composed of proteins encoded by genes present in two separate compartments: the nuclear genome and a small circular DNA found in mitochondria themselves, and are termed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Mutations striking either genome can lead to mitochondrial impairment, determining infantile, childhood or adult neurodegeneration. Mitochondrial disorders are complex neurological syndromes, and are often part of a multisystem disorder. In this paper, we divide the diseases into those caused by mtDNA defects and those that are due to mutations involving nuclear genes; from a clinical point of view, we discuss pediatric disorders in comparison to juvenile or adult-onset conditions. The complementary genetic contributions controlling organellar function and the complexity of the biochemical pathways present in the mitochondria justify the extreme genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of this new area of inborn errors of metabolism known as ‘mitochondrial medicine’.
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22
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Schnerwitzki D, Vabulas RM. Dynamic association of flavin cofactors to regulate flavoprotein function. IUBMB Life 2022; 74:645-654. [PMID: 35015339 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Flavoproteins are key players in numerous redox pathways in cells. Flavin cofactors FMN and FAD confer the required chemical reactivity to flavoenzymes. In most cases, the interaction between the proteins and the flavins is noncovalent, yet stronger in comparison to other redox-active cofactors, such as NADH and NADPH. The association is considered static, but this view has started to change with the recent discovery of the dynamic association of flavins and flavoenzymes. Six cases from different organisms and various metabolic pathways are discussed here. The available mechanistic details span the range from rudimentary, as in the case of the ER-resident oxidoreductase Ero1, to comprehensive, as for the bacterial respiratory complex I. The same holds true in regard to the assumed functional role of the dynamic association presented here. More work is needed to clarify the structural and functional determinants of the known examples. Identification of new cases will help to appreciate the generality of the new principle of intracellular flavoenzyme regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Schnerwitzki
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Martin Vabulas
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Nowacka-Chmielewska MM, Liśkiewicz D, Grabowska K, Liśkiewicz A, Marczak Ł, Wojakowska A, Pondel N, Grabowski M, Barski JJ, Małecki A. Effects of Simultaneous Exposure to a Western Diet and Wheel-Running Training on Brain Energy Metabolism in Female Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124242. [PMID: 34959794 PMCID: PMC8707360 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the pathogenesis of central nervous system disorders (e.g., neurodegenerative), an important role is attributed to an unhealthy lifestyle affecting brain energy metabolism. Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of lifestyle-related diseases is getting increasing attention. METHODS We performed a series of assessments in adult female Long Evans rats subjected to 6 weeks of Western diet feeding and wheel-running training. A control group of lean rats was fed with a standard diet. In all experimental groups, we measured physiological parameters (animal weights, body composition, serum metabolic parameters). We assessed the impact of simultaneous exposure to a Western diet and wheel-running on the cerebrocortical protein expression (global proteomic profiling), and in the second part of the experiment, we measured the cortical levels of protein related to brain metabolism (Western blot). RESULTS Western diet led to an obese phenotype and induced changes in the serum metabolic parameters. Wheel-running did not reduce animal weights or fat mass but significantly decreased serum glucose level. The global proteome analysis revealed that the altered proteins were functionally annotated as they were involved mostly in metabolic pathways. Western blot analysis showed the downregulation of the mitochondrial protein-Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9, hexokinase 1 (HK1)-enzyme involved in principal glucose metabolism pathways and monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2). Wheel-running reversed this decline in the cortical levels of HK1 and MCT2. CONCLUSION The cerebrocortical proteome is affected by a combination of physical activity and Western diet in female rats. An analysis of the cortical proteins involved in brain energy metabolism provides a valuable basis for the deeper investigation of changes in the brain structure and function induced by simultaneous exposure to a Western diet and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maria Nowacka-Chmielewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (D.L.); (N.P.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-509-505-836
| | - Daniela Liśkiewicz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (D.L.); (N.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Konstancja Grabowska
- Department for Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.G.); (M.G.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Arkadiusz Liśkiewicz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Marczak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704 Poznań, Poland; (Ł.M.); (A.W.)
| | - Anna Wojakowska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704 Poznań, Poland; (Ł.M.); (A.W.)
| | - Natalia Pondel
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (D.L.); (N.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Mateusz Grabowski
- Department for Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.G.); (M.G.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Jarosław Jerzy Barski
- Department for Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.G.); (M.G.); (J.J.B.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Małecki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (D.L.); (N.P.); (A.M.)
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24
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Xia C, Lou B, Fu Z, Mohsen AW, Shen AL, Vockley J, Kim JJP. Molecular mechanism of interactions between ACAD9 and binding partners in mitochondrial respiratory complex I assembly. iScience 2021; 24:103153. [PMID: 34646991 PMCID: PMC8497999 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dual function protein ACAD9 catalyzes α,β-dehydrogenation of fatty acyl-CoA thioesters in fatty acid β-oxidation and is an essential chaperone for mitochondrial respiratory complex I (CI) assembly. ACAD9, ECSIT, and NDUFAF1 interact to form the core mitochondrial CI assembly complex. Current studies examine the molecular mechanism of ACAD9/ECSIT/NDUFAF1interactions. ACAD9 binds to the carboxy-terminal half and NDUFAF1 to the amino-terminal half of ECSIT. Binary complexes are unstable and aggregate easily, while the ACAD9/ECSIT/NDUFAF1 ternary complex is soluble and highly stable. Molecular modeling and small-angle X-ray scattering studies identified intra-complex interaction sites and binding sites for other assembly factors. Binding of ECSIT at the ETF binding site in the amino-terminal domain of ACAD9 is consistent with observed loss of FAD and enzymatic activity and demonstrates that the two functions of ACAD9 are mutually exclusive. Mapping of 42 known pathogenic mutations onto the homology-modeled ACAD9 structure provides structural insights into pathomechanisms of CI deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwu Xia
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Baoying Lou
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Zhuji Fu
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Al-Walid Mohsen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Anna L. Shen
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jung-Ja P. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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25
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Disease Modeling of Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy Using Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10100981. [PMID: 34681080 PMCID: PMC8533352 DOI: 10.3390/biology10100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy (MCM) is characterized as an oxidative phosphorylation disorder of the heart. More than 100 genetic variants in nuclear or mitochondrial DNA have been associated with MCM. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms linking genetic variants to MCM are not fully understood due to the lack of appropriate cellular and animal models. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) provide an attractive experimental platform for modeling cardiovascular diseases and predicting drug efficacy to such diseases. Here we introduce the pathological and therapeutic studies of MCM using iPSC-CMs and discuss the questions and latest strategies for research using iPSC-CMs.
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Sinsheimer A, Mohsen AW, Bloom K, Karunanidhi A, Bharathi S, Wu YL, Schiff M, Wang Y, Goetzman ES, Ghaloul-Gonzalez L, Vockley J. Development and characterization of a mouse model for Acad9 deficiency. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 134:156-163. [PMID: 34556413 PMCID: PMC8588265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase 9 (ACAD9) is a member of the family of flavoenzymes that catalyze the dehydrogenation of acyl-CoAs to 2,3 enoyl-CoAs in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Inborn errors of metabolism of all family members, including ACAD9, have been described in humans, and represent significant causes of morbidity and mortality particularly in children. ACAD9 deficiency leads to a combined defect in fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) due to a dual role in the pathways. In addition to its function in mitochondrial FAO, ACAD9 has a second function as one of 14 factors responsible for assembly of complex I of the electron transport chain (ETC). Considerable controversy remains over the relative role of these two functions in normal physiology and the disparate clinical findings described in patients with ACAD9 deficiency. To better understand the normal function of ACAD9 and the pathophysiology of its deficiency, several knock out mouse models were developed. Homozygous total body knock out appeared to be lethal as no ACAD9 animals were obtained. Cre-lox technology was then used to generate tissue-specific deletion of the gene. Cardiac-specific ACAD9 deficient animals had severe neonatal cardiomyopathy and died by 17 days of age. They had severe mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro. Muscle-specific mutants were viable but exhibited muscle weakness. Additional studies of heart muscle from the cardiac specific deficient animals were used to examine the evolutionarily conserved signaling Intermediate in toll pathway (ECSIT) protein, a known binding partner of ACAD9 in the electron chain complex I assembly pathway. As expected, ECSIT levels were significantly reduced in the absence of ACAD9 protein, consistent with the demonstrated impairment of the complex I assembly. The various ACAD9 deficient animals should serve as useful models for development of novel therapeutics for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Sinsheimer
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Human Genetics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Al-Walid Mohsen
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Human Genetics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kailyn Bloom
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Anuradha Karunanidhi
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Sivakama Bharathi
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Yijen L Wu
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, and UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Manuel Schiff
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; Inserm UMR_S1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Yudong Wang
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Eric S Goetzman
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Human Genetics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Lina Ghaloul-Gonzalez
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Human Genetics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Jerry Vockley
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Human Genetics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America.
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Zanfardino P, Doccini S, Santorelli FM, Petruzzella V. Tackling Dysfunction of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in the Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8325. [PMID: 34361091 PMCID: PMC8348117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) is the basic function of mitochondria, although the landscape of mitochondrial functions is continuously growing to include more aspects of cellular homeostasis. Thanks to the application of -omics technologies to the study of the OxPhos system, novel features emerge from the cataloging of novel proteins as mitochondrial thus adding details to the mitochondrial proteome and defining novel metabolic cellular interrelations, especially in the human brain. We focussed on the diversity of bioenergetics demand and different aspects of mitochondrial structure, functions, and dysfunction in the brain. Definition such as 'mitoexome', 'mitoproteome' and 'mitointeractome' have entered the field of 'mitochondrial medicine'. In this context, we reviewed several genetic defects that hamper the last step of aerobic metabolism, mostly involving the nervous tissue as one of the most prominent energy-dependent tissues and, as consequence, as a primary target of mitochondrial dysfunction. The dual genetic origin of the OxPhos complexes is one of the reasons for the complexity of the genotype-phenotype correlation when facing human diseases associated with mitochondrial defects. Such complexity clinically manifests with extremely heterogeneous symptoms, ranging from organ-specific to multisystemic dysfunction with different clinical courses. Finally, we briefly discuss the future directions of the multi-omics study of human brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Zanfardino
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Stefano Doccini
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, 56128 Pisa, Italy;
| | | | - Vittoria Petruzzella
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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Murari A, Rhooms SK, Garcia C, Liu T, Li H, Mishra B, Deshong C, Owusu-Ansah E. Dissecting the concordant and disparate roles of NDUFAF3 and NDUFAF4 in mitochondrial complex I biogenesis. iScience 2021; 24:102869. [PMID: 34386730 PMCID: PMC8346666 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinct sub-assemblies (modules) of mitochondrial complex I (CI) are assembled with the assistance of CI Assembly Factors (CIAFs) through mechanisms that are incompletely defined. Here, using genetic analyses in Drosophila, we report that when either of the CIAFs – NDUFAF3 or NDUFAF4 – is disrupted, biogenesis of the Q-, N-, and PP-b-modules of CI is impaired. This is due, at least in part, to the compromised integration of NDUFS3 and NDUFS5 into the Q-, and PP-b-modules, respectively, coupled with a destabilization of another CIAF, TIMMDC1, in assembly intermediates. Notably, forced expression of NDUFAF4 rescues the biogenesis defects in the Q-module and some aspects of the defects in the PP-b-module of CI when NDUFAF3 is disrupted. Altogether, our studies furnish new fundamental insights into the mechanism by which NDUFAF3 and NDUFAF4 regulate CI assembly and raises the possibility that certain point mutations in NDUFAF3 may be rescued by overexpression of NDUFAF4. Disruption of NDUFAF3 and NDUFAF4 in Drosophila muscles destabilizes TIMMDC1 NDUFAF3 and NDUFAF4 regulate biogenesis of the N, Q, and Pp modules NDUFAF4 ameliorates some of the CI biogenesis defects in NDUFAF3 mutants
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjaneyulu Murari
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shauna-Kay Rhooms
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christian Garcia
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tong Liu
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research, Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research, Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cassie Deshong
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Edward Owusu-Ansah
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- The Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Corresponding author
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29
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Xu L, Humphries F, Delagic N, Wang B, Holland A, Edgar KS, Hombrebueno JR, Stolz DB, Oleszycka E, Rodgers AM, Glezeva N, McDonald K, Watson CJ, Ledwidge MT, Ingram RJ, Grieve DJ, Moynagh PN. ECSIT is a critical limiting factor for cardiac function. JCI Insight 2021; 6:142801. [PMID: 34032637 PMCID: PMC8262467 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.142801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathways (ECSIT) is a protein with roles in early development, activation of the transcription factor NF-κB, and production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) that facilitates clearance of intracellular bacteria like Salmonella. ECSIT is also an important assembly factor for mitochondrial complex I. Unlike the murine form of Ecsit (mEcsit), we demonstrate here that human ECSIT (hECSIT) is highly labile. To explore whether the instability of hECSIT affects functions previously ascribed to its murine counterpart, we created a potentially novel transgenic mouse in which the murine Ecsit gene is replaced by the human ECSIT gene. The humanized mouse has low levels of hECSIT protein, in keeping with its intrinsic instability. Whereas low-level expression of hECSIT was capable of fully compensating for mEcsit in its roles in early development and activation of the NF-κB pathway, macrophages from humanized mice showed impaired clearance of Salmonella that was associated with reduced production of mROS. Notably, severe cardiac hypertrophy was manifested in aging humanized mice, leading to premature death. The cellular and molecular basis of this phenotype was delineated by showing that low levels of human ECSIT protein led to a marked reduction in assembly and activity of mitochondrial complex I with impaired oxidative phosphorylation and reduced production of ATP. Cardiac tissue from humanized hECSIT mice also showed reduced mitochondrial fusion and more fission but impaired clearance of fragmented mitochondria. A cardiomyocyte-intrinsic role for Ecsit in mitochondrial function and cardioprotection is also demonstrated. We also show that cardiac fibrosis and damage in humans correlated with low expression of human ECSIT. In summary, our findings identify a role for ECSIT in cardioprotection, while generating a valuable experimental model to study mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Xu
- The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Fiachra Humphries
- The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Nezira Delagic
- The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Bingwei Wang
- The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Ashling Holland
- The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Kevin S. Edgar
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Jose R. Hombrebueno
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Donna Beer Stolz
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ewa Oleszycka
- The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Aoife M. Rodgers
- The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | | | - Kenneth McDonald
- Chronic Cardiovascular Disease Management Unit and Heart Failure Unit, St. Vincent’s Healthcare Group/St. Michael’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chris J. Watson
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Mark T. Ledwidge
- Chronic Cardiovascular Disease Management Unit and Heart Failure Unit, St. Vincent’s Healthcare Group/St. Michael’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rebecca J. Ingram
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Grieve
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Paul N. Moynagh
- The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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30
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Gueguen N, Piarroux J, Sarzi E, Benkirane M, Manes G, Delettre C, Amedro P, Leboucq N, Koenig M, Meyer P, Meunier I, Reynier P, Lenaers G, Roubertie A. Optic neuropathy linked to ACAD9 pathogenic variants: A potentially riboflavin-responsive disorder? Mitochondrion 2021; 59:169-174. [PMID: 34023438 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I (CI) deficiencies (OMIM 252010) are the commonest inherited mitochondrial disorders in children. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 9 (ACAD9) is a flavoenzyme involved chiefly in CI assembly and possibly in fatty acid oxidation. Biallelic pathogenic variants result in CI dysfunction, with a phenotype ranging from early onset and sometimes fatal mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acidosis to late-onset exercise intolerance. Cardiomyopathy is often associated. We report a patient with childhood-onset optic and peripheral neuropathy without cardiac involvement, related to CI deficiency. Genetic analysis revealed compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in ACAD9, expanding the clinical spectrum associated to ACAD9 mutations. Importantly, riboflavin treatment (15 mg/kg/day) improved long-distance visual acuity and demonstrated significant rescue of CI activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naig Gueguen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933 Angers, France; University of Angers, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Julie Piarroux
- CHU Montpellier, Département de Neuropédiatrie, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Sarzi
- NeuroMyoGene Institute-UCBL/CNRS UMR5310/INSERM U1217-Lyon, France
| | - Mehdi Benkirane
- PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, CHU de Montpellier, France
| | - Gael Manes
- INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Pascal Amedro
- PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology Department, M3C Rare Cardiac Disease Reference Center, CHU Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Leboucq
- Département de Neuroradiologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Michel Koenig
- PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, CHU de Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Meyer
- CHU Montpellier, Département de Neuropédiatrie, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Meunier
- National Center in Rare Diseases, Genetics of Sensory Diseases, University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933 Angers, France; University of Angers, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- University of Angers, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Agathe Roubertie
- CHU Montpellier, Département de Neuropédiatrie, Montpellier, France; INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France; National Center in Rare Diseases, Genetics of Sensory Diseases, University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
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31
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Blackout in the powerhouse: clinical phenotypes associated with defects in the assembly of OXPHOS complexes and the mitoribosome. Biochem J 2021; 477:4085-4132. [PMID: 33151299 PMCID: PMC7657662 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria produce the bulk of the energy used by almost all eukaryotic cells through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) which occurs on the four complexes of the respiratory chain and the F1–F0 ATPase. Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogenous group of conditions affecting OXPHOS, either directly through mutation of genes encoding subunits of OXPHOS complexes, or indirectly through mutations in genes encoding proteins supporting this process. These include proteins that promote assembly of the OXPHOS complexes, the post-translational modification of subunits, insertion of cofactors or indeed subunit synthesis. The latter is important for all 13 of the proteins encoded by human mitochondrial DNA, which are synthesised on mitochondrial ribosomes. Together the five OXPHOS complexes and the mitochondrial ribosome are comprised of more than 160 subunits and many more proteins support their biogenesis. Mutations in both nuclear and mitochondrial genes encoding these proteins have been reported to cause mitochondrial disease, many leading to defective complex assembly with the severity of the assembly defect reflecting the severity of the disease. This review aims to act as an interface between the clinical and basic research underpinning our knowledge of OXPHOS complex and ribosome assembly, and the dysfunction of this process in mitochondrial disease.
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32
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Giachin G, Jessop M, Bouverot R, Acajjaoui S, Saïdi M, Chretien A, Bacia‐Verloop M, Signor L, Mas PJ, Favier A, Borel Meneroud E, Hons M, Hart DJ, Kandiah E, Boeri Erba E, Buisson A, Leonard G, Gutsche I, Soler‐Lopez M. Assembly of The Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly Complex Suggests a Regulatory Role for Deflavination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giachin
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Matthew Jessop
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Romain Bouverot
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Samira Acajjaoui
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Melissa Saïdi
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Anaïs Chretien
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Maria Bacia‐Verloop
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Luca Signor
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Philippe J. Mas
- Integrated Structural Biology Grenoble (ISBG) CNRS CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Adrien Favier
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Eve Borel Meneroud
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN) Centre Inserm U1216 Equipe Neuropathologies et Dysfonctions Synaptiques Université Grenoble Alpes 31 Chemin Fortuné Ferrini 38700 La Tronche France
| | - Michael Hons
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Grenoble Outstation 71 avenue des Martyrs 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Darren J. Hart
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Eaazhisai Kandiah
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Elisabetta Boeri Erba
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Alain Buisson
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN) Centre Inserm U1216 Equipe Neuropathologies et Dysfonctions Synaptiques Université Grenoble Alpes 31 Chemin Fortuné Ferrini 38700 La Tronche France
| | - Gordon Leonard
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Irina Gutsche
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Montserrat Soler‐Lopez
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
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33
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Henriques BJ, Katrine Jentoft Olsen R, Gomes CM, Bross P. Electron transfer flavoprotein and its role in mitochondrial energy metabolism in health and disease. Gene 2021; 776:145407. [PMID: 33450351 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) is an enzyme with orthologs from bacteria to humans. Human ETF is nuclear encoded by two separate genes, ETFA and ETFB, respectively. After translation, the two subunits are imported to the mitochondrial matrix space and assemble into a heterodimer containing one FAD and one AMP as cofactors. ETF functions as a hub taking up electrons from at least 14 flavoenzymes, feeding them into the respiratory chain. This represents a major source of reducing power for the electron transport chain from fatty acid oxidation and amino acid degradation. Transfer of electrons from the donor enzymes to ETF occurs by direct transfer between the enzyme bound flavins, a process that is tightly regulated by the polypeptide chain and by protein:protein interactions. ETF, in turn relays electrons to the iron sulfur cluster of the inner membrane protein ETF:QO, from where they travel via the FAD in ETF:QO to ubiquinone, entering the respiratory chain at the level of complex III. ETF recognizes its dehydrogenase partners via a recognition loop that anchors the protein on its partner followed by dynamic movements of the ETF flavin domain that bring redox cofactors in close proximity, thus promoting electron transfer. Genetic mutations in the ETFA or ETFB genes cause the Mendelian disorder multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD; OMIM #231680). We here review the knowledge on human ETF and investigations of the effects of disease-associated missense mutations in this protein that have promoted the understanding of the essential role that ETF plays in cellular metabolism and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara J Henriques
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Rikke Katrine Jentoft Olsen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Cláudio M Gomes
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Peter Bross
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
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34
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Giachin G, Jessop M, Bouverot R, Acajjaoui S, Saïdi M, Chretien A, Bacia-Verloop M, Signor L, Mas PJ, Favier A, Borel Meneroud E, Hons M, Hart DJ, Kandiah E, Boeri Erba E, Buisson A, Leonard G, Gutsche I, Soler-Lopez M. Assembly of The Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly Complex Suggests a Regulatory Role for Deflavination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4689-4697. [PMID: 33320993 PMCID: PMC7986633 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid β‐oxidation (FAO) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are mitochondrial redox processes that generate ATP. The biogenesis of the respiratory Complex I, a 1 MDa multiprotein complex that is responsible for initiating OXPHOS, is mediated by assembly factors including the mitochondrial complex I assembly (MCIA) complex. However, the organisation and the role of the MCIA complex are still unclear. Here we show that ECSIT functions as the bridging node of the MCIA core complex. Furthermore, cryo‐electron microscopy together with biochemical and biophysical experiments reveal that the C‐terminal domain of ECSIT directly binds to the vestigial dehydrogenase domain of the FAO enzyme ACAD9 and induces its deflavination, switching ACAD9 from its role in FAO to an MCIA factor. These findings provide the structural basis for the MCIA complex architecture and suggest a unique molecular mechanism for coordinating the regulation of the FAO and OXPHOS pathways to ensure an efficient energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giachin
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Matthew Jessop
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Romain Bouverot
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Samira Acajjaoui
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Melissa Saïdi
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Anaïs Chretien
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Maria Bacia-Verloop
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Luca Signor
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe J Mas
- Integrated Structural Biology Grenoble (ISBG) CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Adrien Favier
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Eve Borel Meneroud
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Centre Inserm U1216, Equipe Neuropathologies et Dysfonctions Synaptiques, Université Grenoble Alpes, 31 Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Michael Hons
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Grenoble Outstation, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Darren J Hart
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Eaazhisai Kandiah
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Elisabetta Boeri Erba
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Alain Buisson
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Centre Inserm U1216, Equipe Neuropathologies et Dysfonctions Synaptiques, Université Grenoble Alpes, 31 Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Gordon Leonard
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Irina Gutsche
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Montserrat Soler-Lopez
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
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Mitochondrial Structure and Bioenergetics in Normal and Disease Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020586. [PMID: 33435522 PMCID: PMC7827222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are ubiquitous intracellular organelles found in almost all eukaryotes and involved in various aspects of cellular life, with a primary role in energy production. The interest in this organelle has grown stronger with the discovery of their link to various pathologies, including cancer, aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, dysfunctional mitochondria cannot provide the required energy to tissues with a high-energy demand, such as heart, brain and muscles, leading to a large spectrum of clinical phenotypes. Mitochondrial defects are at the origin of a group of clinically heterogeneous pathologies, called mitochondrial diseases, with an incidence of 1 in 5000 live births. Primary mitochondrial diseases are associated with genetic mutations both in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), affecting genes involved in every aspect of the organelle function. As a consequence, it is difficult to find a common cause for mitochondrial diseases and, subsequently, to offer a precise clinical definition of the pathology. Moreover, the complexity of this condition makes it challenging to identify possible therapies or drug targets.
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Fernandez-Vizarra E, Zeviani M. Mitochondrial disorders of the OXPHOS system. FEBS Lett 2020; 595:1062-1106. [PMID: 33159691 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are among the most frequent inborn errors of metabolism, their primary cause being the dysfunction of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). OXPHOS is composed of the electron transport chain (ETC), formed by four multimeric enzymes and two mobile electron carriers, plus an ATP synthase [also called complex V (cV)]. The ETC performs the redox reactions involved in cellular respiration while generating the proton motive force used by cV to synthesize ATP. OXPHOS biogenesis involves multiple steps, starting from the expression of genes encoded in physically separated genomes, namely the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, to the coordinated assembly of components and cofactors building each individual complex and eventually the supercomplexes. The genetic cause underlying around half of the diagnosed mitochondrial disease cases is currently known. Many of these cases result from pathogenic variants in genes encoding structural subunits or additional factors directly involved in the assembly of the ETC complexes. Here, we review the historical and most recent findings concerning the clinical phenotypes and the molecular pathological mechanisms underlying this particular group of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Fernandez-Vizarra
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy
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Jacobi‐Polishook T, Yosha‐Orpaz N, Sagi Y, Lev D, Lerman‐Sagie T. Successful pregnancy in a patient with mitochondrial cardiomyopathy due to ACAD9 deficiency. JIMD Rep 2020; 56:9-13. [PMID: 33204590 PMCID: PMC7653261 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9 (ACAD9) is an enzyme essential for the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. ACAD9 deficiency can cause lactic acidosis, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, intellectual disability, and early demise. We present a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and epilepsy due to recessive ACAD9 mutations. A muscle biopsy depicted ragged red fibers, and decreased activity of complex I of the respiratory chain. Treatment with riboflavin was initiated at the age of 4 years due to complex I deficiency (before the genetic diagnosis), resulting in symptomatic improvement of the cardiomyopathy, exercise intolerance, and lactate levels. A novel homozygous ACAD9 mutation was found: c.398G>A; p.Ser133Asn at the age of 23 years. Three years later she sustained a normal pregnancy, and gave birth to a healthy baby girl delivered by an elective Cesarean section. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a successful pregnancy and delivery in a patient with this rare mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Jacobi‐Polishook
- Pediatrics DepartmentEdith Wolfson Medical CenterHolonIsrael
- Metabolic‐Neurogenetic ClinicEdith Wolfson Medical CenterHolonIsrael
| | - Naama Yosha‐Orpaz
- Metabolic‐Neurogenetic ClinicEdith Wolfson Medical CenterHolonIsrael
- Pediatric Neurology UnitEdith Wolfson Medical CenterHolonIsrael
| | - Yair Sagi
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySourasky Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Dorit Lev
- Metabolic‐Neurogenetic ClinicEdith Wolfson Medical CenterHolonIsrael
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
- The Rina Mor Institute of Medical GeneticsEdith Wolfson Medical CenterHolonIsrael
| | - Tally Lerman‐Sagie
- Metabolic‐Neurogenetic ClinicEdith Wolfson Medical CenterHolonIsrael
- Pediatric Neurology UnitEdith Wolfson Medical CenterHolonIsrael
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
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Wai Hon K, Zainal Abidin SA, Othman I, Naidu R. Insights into the Role of microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092462. [PMID: 32878019 PMCID: PMC7565715 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers, with a high mortality rate globally. The pathophysiology of CRC is mainly initiated by alteration in gene expression, leading to dysregulation in multiple signalling pathways and cellular processes. Metabolic reprogramming is one of the important cancer hallmarks in CRC, which involves the adaptive changes in tumour cell metabolism to sustain the high energy requirements for rapid cell proliferation. There are several mechanisms in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells, such as aerobic glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, lactate and fatty acids metabolism. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that are responsible for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Differential expression of miRNAs has been shown to play an important role in different aspects of tumorigenesis, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and drug resistance, as well as metabolic reprogramming. Increasing evidence also reports that miRNAs could function as potential regulators of metabolic reprogramming in CRC cells. This review provides an insight into the role of different miRNAs in regulating the metabolism of CRC cells as well as to discuss the potential role of miRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in CRC tumour metabolism.
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Mukherjee S, Ghosh A. Molecular mechanism of mitochondrial respiratory chain assembly and its relation to mitochondrial diseases. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:1-20. [PMID: 32304865 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) is comprised of ~92 nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-encoded protein subunits that are organized into five different multi-subunit respiratory complexes. These complexes produce 90% of the ATP required for cell sustenance. Specific sets of subunits are assembled in a modular or non-modular fashion to construct the MRC complexes. The complete assembly process is gradually chaperoned by a myriad of assembly factors that must coordinate with several other prosthetic groups to reach maturity, makingthe entire processextensively complicated. Further, the individual respiratory complexes can be integrated intovarious giant super-complexes whose functional roles have yet to be explored. Mutations in the MRC subunits and in the related assembly factors often give rise to defects in the proper assembly of the respiratory chain, which then manifests as a group of disorders called mitochondrial diseases, the most common inborn errors of metabolism. This review summarizes the current understanding of the biogenesis of individual MRC complexes and super-complexes, and explores how mutations in the different subunits and assembly factors contribute to mitochondrial disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyajit Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Alok Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India.
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40
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Formosa LE, Muellner-Wong L, Reljic B, Sharpe AJ, Jackson TD, Beilharz TH, Stojanovski D, Lazarou M, Stroud DA, Ryan MT. Dissecting the Roles of Mitochondrial Complex I Intermediate Assembly Complex Factors in the Biogenesis of Complex I. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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41
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Burgin HJ, McKenzie M. Understanding the role of OXPHOS dysfunction in the pathogenesis of ECHS1 deficiency. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:590-610. [PMID: 31944285 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria provide the main source of energy for eukaryotic cells, oxidizing fatty acids and sugars to generate ATP. Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are two key pathways involved in this process. Disruption of FAO can cause human disease, with patients commonly presenting with liver failure, hypoketotic glycaemia and rhabdomyolysis. However, patients with deficiencies in the FAO enzyme short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase 1 (ECHS1) are typically diagnosed with Leigh syndrome, a lethal form of subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy that is normally associated with OXPHOS dysfunction. Furthermore, some ECHS1-deficient patients also exhibit secondary OXPHOS defects. This sequela of FAO disorders has long been thought to be caused by the accumulation of inhibitory fatty acid intermediates. However, new evidence suggests that the mechanisms involved are more complex, and that disruption of OXPHOS protein complex biogenesis and/or stability is also involved. In this review, we examine the clinical, biochemical and genetic features of all ECHS1-deficient patients described to date. In particular, we consider the secondary OXPHOS defects associated with ECHS1 deficiency and discuss their possible contribution to disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison James Burgin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Matthew McKenzie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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42
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Wang C, Richter‐Dennerlein R, Pacheu‐Grau D, Liu F, Zhu Y, Dennerlein S, Rehling P. MITRAC15/COA1 promotes mitochondrial translation in a ND2 ribosome-nascent chain complex. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48833. [PMID: 31721420 PMCID: PMC6945058 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial genome encodes for thirteen core subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system. These proteins assemble with imported proteins in a modular manner into stoichiometric enzyme complexes. Assembly factors assist in these biogenesis processes by providing co-factors or stabilizing transient assembly stages. However, how expression of the mitochondrial-encoded subunits is regulated to match the availability of nuclear-encoded subunits is still unresolved. Here, we address the function of MITRAC15/COA1, a protein that participates in complex I biogenesis and complex IV biogenesis. Our analyses of a MITRAC15 knockout mutant reveal that MITRAC15 is required for translation of the mitochondrial-encoded complex I subunit ND2. We find that MITRAC15 is a constituent of a ribosome-nascent chain complex during ND2 translation. Chemical crosslinking analyses demonstrate that binding of the ND2-specific assembly factor ACAD9 to the ND2 polypeptide occurs at the C-terminus and thus downstream of MITRAC15. Our analyses demonstrate that expression of the founder subunit ND2 of complex I undergoes regulation. Moreover, a ribosome-nascent chain complex with MITRAC15 is at the heart of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Cellular BiochemistryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC)University of GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Ricarda Richter‐Dennerlein
- Department of Cellular BiochemistryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC)University of GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - David Pacheu‐Grau
- Department of Cellular BiochemistryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Fan Liu
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut for Molecular Pharmacology (FMP)BerlinGermany
| | - Ying Zhu
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut for Molecular Pharmacology (FMP)BerlinGermany
| | - Sven Dennerlein
- Department of Cellular BiochemistryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Peter Rehling
- Department of Cellular BiochemistryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC)University of GoettingenGoettingenGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryGöttingenGermany
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43
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Frazier AE, Vincent AE, Turnbull DM, Thorburn DR, Taylor RW. Assessment of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes in cells and tissues. Methods Cell Biol 2019; 155:121-156. [PMID: 32183956 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of the individual enzymes involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) forms a key part of diagnostic investigations in patients with suspected mitochondrial disease, and can provide crucial information on mitochondrial OXPHOS function in a variety of cells and tissues that are applicable to many research investigations. In this chapter, we present methods for analysis of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes in cells and tissues based on assays performed in two geographically separate diagnostic referral centers, as part of clinical diagnostic investigations. Techniques for sample preparation from cells and tissues, and spectrophotometric assays for measurement of the activities of OXPHOS complexes I-V, the combined activity of complexes II+III, and the mitochondrial matrix enzyme citrate synthase, are provided. The activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes are often expressed relative to citrate synthase activity, since these ratios may be more robust in accounting for variability that may arise due to tissue quality, handling and storage, cell growth conditions, or any mitochondrial proliferation that may be present in tissues from patients with mitochondrial disease. Considerations for adaption of these techniques to other cells, tissues, and organisms are presented, as well as comparisons to alternate methods for analysis of respiratory chain function. In this context, a quantitative immunofluorescence protocol is also provided that is suitable for measurement of the amount of multiple respiratory chain complexes in small diagnostic tissue samples. The analysis and interpretation of OXPHOS enzyme activities are then placed in the context of mitochondrial disease tissue pathology and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Frazier
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy E Vincent
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - David R Thorburn
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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Sacchetto C, Sequeira V, Bertero E, Dudek J, Maack C, Calore M. Metabolic Alterations in Inherited Cardiomyopathies. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E2195. [PMID: 31842377 PMCID: PMC6947282 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The normal function of the heart relies on a series of complex metabolic processes orchestrating the proper generation and use of energy. In this context, mitochondria serve a crucial role as a platform for energy transduction by supplying ATP to the varying demand of cardiomyocytes, involving an intricate network of pathways regulating the metabolic flux of substrates. The failure of these processes results in structural and functional deficiencies of the cardiac muscle, including inherited cardiomyopathies. These genetic diseases are characterized by cardiac structural and functional anomalies in the absence of abnormal conditions that can explain the observed myocardial abnormality, and are frequently associated with heart failure. Since their original description, major advances have been achieved in the genetic and phenotype knowledge, highlighting the involvement of metabolic abnormalities in their pathogenesis. This review provides a brief overview of the role of mitochondria in the energy metabolism in the heart and focuses on metabolic abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, and storage diseases associated with inherited cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sacchetto
- IMAiA—Institute for Molecular Biology and RNA Technology, Faculty of Health, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Medicine and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Department of Translational Science, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 9708 Würzburg, Germany; (V.S.); (E.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Department of Translational Science, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 9708 Würzburg, Germany; (V.S.); (E.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Jan Dudek
- Department of Translational Science, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 9708 Würzburg, Germany; (V.S.); (E.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Science, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 9708 Würzburg, Germany; (V.S.); (E.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Martina Calore
- IMAiA—Institute for Molecular Biology and RNA Technology, Faculty of Health, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Medicine and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Kadoya T, Sakakibara A, Kitayama K, Yamada Y, Higuchi S, Kawakita R, Kawasaki Y, Fujino M, Murakami Y, Shimura M, Murayama K, Ohtake A, Okazaki Y, Koga Y, Yorifuji T. Successful treatment of infantile-onset ACAD9-related cardiomyopathy with a combination of sodium pyruvate, beta-blocker, and coenzyme Q10. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019; 32:1181-1185. [PMID: 31473688 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 9 (ACAD9) deficiency is one of the common causes of respiratory chain complex I deficiency, which is characterized by cardiomyopathy, lactic acidemia, and muscle weakness. Infantile cardiomyopathy is the most common phenotype and is usually lethal by the age of 5 years. Riboflavin treatment is known to be effective in ~65% of the patients; however, the remaining are unresponsive to riboflavin and are in need of additional treatment measures. In this report, we describe a patient with ACAD9 deficiency who developed progressive cardiomyopathy at 8 months of age. As the patient's left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) kept decreasing to 45.4% at 1 year 8 months, sodium pyruvate treatment was introduced together with a beta-blocker and coenzyme Q10. This resulted in a steady improvement, with full and sustained normalization of cardiac function without riboflavin. The therapy, therefore, might be a useful addition for the treatment of ACAD9 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Kadoya
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Azumi Sakakibara
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kana Kitayama
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Higuchi
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rie Kawakita
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawasaki
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujino
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Murakami
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Shimura
- Center for Medical Genetics and Division of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Center for Medical Genetics and Division of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
- Center for Intractable Diseases, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Koga
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tohru Yorifuji
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Targeted next generation sequencing identifies novel pathogenic variants and provides molecular diagnoses in a cohort of pediatric and adult patients with unexplained mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrion 2019; 47:309-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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47
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Chuaijit S, Boonyatistan W, Boonchuay P, Metheetrairut C, Suthammarak W. Identification of a novel mitochondrial complex I assembly factor ACDH-12 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mitochondrion 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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48
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Ligas J, Pineau E, Bock R, Huynen MA, Meyer EH. The assembly pathway of complex I in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 97:447-459. [PMID: 30347487 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
All present-day mitochondria originate from a single endosymbiotic event that gave rise to the last eukaryotic common ancestor more than a billion years ago. However, to date, many aspects of mitochondrial evolution have remained unresolved. Comparative genomics and proteomics have revealed a complex evolutionary origin for many mitochondrial components. To understand the evolution of the respiratory chain, we have examined both the components and the mechanisms of the assembly pathway of complex I. Complex I represents the first enzyme in the respiratory chain, and complex I deficiencies have dramatic consequences in both animals and plants. The complex is located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and possesses two arms: one embedded in the inner membrane and one protruding in the matrix. Here, we describe the assembly pathway of complex I in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Using a proteomics approach called complexome profiling, we have resolved the different steps in the assembly process in plants. We propose a model for the stepwise assembly of complex I, including every subunit. We then compare this pathway with the corresponding pathway in humans and find that complex I assembly in plants follows a different, and likely ancestral, pathway compared with the one in humans. We show that the main evolutionary changes in complex I structure and assembly in humans occurred at the level of the membrane arm, whereas the matrix arm remained rather conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ligas
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Emmanuelle Pineau
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, 12 Rue du Général Zimmer, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ralph Bock
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Martijn A Huynen
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Etienne H Meyer
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, 12 Rue du Général Zimmer, 67084, Strasbourg, France
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49
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Fuhrmann DC, Wittig I, Dröse S, Schmid T, Dehne N, Brüne B. Degradation of the mitochondrial complex I assembly factor TMEM126B under chronic hypoxia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3051-3067. [PMID: 29464284 PMCID: PMC11105659 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell stress such as hypoxia elicits adaptive responses, also on the level of mitochondria, and in part is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α. Adaptation of mitochondria towards acute hypoxic conditions is reasonably well understood, while regulatory mechanisms, especially of respiratory chain assembly factors, under chronic hypoxia remains elusive. One of these assembly factors is transmembrane protein 126B (TMEM126B). This protein is part of the mitochondrial complex I assembly machinery. We identified changes in complex I abundance under chronic hypoxia, in association with impaired substrate-specific mitochondrial respiration. Complexome profiling of isolated mitochondria of the human leukemia monocytic cell line THP-1 revealed HIF-1α-dependent deficits in complex I assembly and mitochondrial complex I assembly complex (MCIA) abundance. Of all mitochondrial MCIA members, we proved a selective HIF-1-dependent decrease of TMEM126B under chronic hypoxia. Mechanistically, HIF-1α induces the E3-ubiquitin ligase F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 1A (β-TrCP1), which in turn facilitates the proteolytic degradation of TMEM126B. Attenuating a functional complex I assembly appears critical for cellular adaptation towards chronic hypoxia and is linked to destruction of the mitochondrial assembly factor TMEM126B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik C Fuhrmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Dröse
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive-Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmid
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nathalie Dehne
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Signes A, Fernandez-Vizarra E. Assembly of mammalian oxidative phosphorylation complexes I-V and supercomplexes. Essays Biochem 2018; 62:255-270. [PMID: 30030361 PMCID: PMC6056720 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20170098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of the five oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane is an intricate process. The human enzymes comprise core proteins, performing the catalytic activities, and a large number of 'supernumerary' subunits that play essential roles in assembly, regulation and stability. The correct addition of prosthetic groups as well as chaperoning and incorporation of the structural components require a large number of factors, many of which have been found mutated in cases of mitochondrial disease. Nowadays, the mechanisms of assembly for each of the individual complexes are almost completely understood and the knowledge about the assembly factors involved is constantly increasing. On the other hand, it is now well established that complexes I, III and IV interact with each other, forming the so-called respiratory supercomplexes or 'respirasomes', although the pathways that lead to their formation are still not completely clear. This review is a summary of our current knowledge concerning the assembly of complexes I-V and of the supercomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Signes
- MRC-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, U.K
| | - Erika Fernandez-Vizarra
- MRC-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, U.K.
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