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Yang W, Tian Y, Yang M, Mauck J, Loor JJ, Jia B, Wang S, Fan W, Li Z, Zhang B, Xu C. β-sitosterol alleviates high fatty acid-induced lipid accumulation in calf hepatocytes by regulating cholesterol metabolism. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 243:106543. [PMID: 38740074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
A significant reduction in plasma concentration of cholesterol during early lactation is a common occurrence in high-yielding dairy cows. An insufficient synthesis of cholesterol in the liver has been linked to lipid accumulation caused by high concentrations of fatty acids during negative energy balance (NEB). As ruminant diets do not provide quantitative amounts of cholesterol for absorption, phytosterols such as β-sitosterol may serve to mitigate the shortfall in cholesterol within the liver during NEB. To gain mechanistic insights, primary hepatocytes were isolated from healthy female 1-day old calves for in vitro studies with or without 1.2 mM fatty acids (FA) to induce metabolic stress. Furthermore, hepatocytes were treated with 50 μM β-sitosterol with or without FA. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with subsequent Bonferroni correction. Results revealed that calf hepatocytes treated with FA had greater content of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG), and greater mRNA and protein abundance of the lipid synthesis-related SREBF1 and FASN. In contrast, mRNA and protein of CPT1A (fatty acid oxidation) and the cholesterol metabolism-related targets SREBF2, HMGCR, ACAT2, APOA1, ABCA1 and ABCG5 was lower. Content of the antioxidant-related glutathione (GSH) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) also was lower. Compared with FA challenge alone, 50 μM β-sitosterol led to greater mRNA and protein abundance of SREBF2, HMGCR, ACAT2 and ABCG5, and greater content of GSH and activity of SOD. In contrast, compared with the FA group, the mRNA and protein abundance of SREBF1 and ACC1 and the content of TAG and NEFA in the β-sitosterol + FA group were lower. Overall, β-sitosterol can promote cholesterol metabolism and reduce oxidative stress while reducing lipid accumulation in hepatocytes challenged with high concentrations of fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yan Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Mingmao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - John Mauck
- Mammalian Nutri Physio Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutri Physio Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Bin Jia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 163005, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Wenwen Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhendong Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Chuang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Ren Y, Tian Y, Hou M, Zhao Y, Li J, Aftab U, Rousseau X, Jiang R, Kang X, Tian Y, Gong Y. Evaluation of stimbiotic on growth performance and intestinal development of broilers fed corn- or wheat-based diets. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103094. [PMID: 37931376 PMCID: PMC10633449 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the antibiotics-free era, stimbiotic (STB) has been suggested as a new alternative of antibiotic growth promoters to modulate intestinal health via stimulating dietary fiber utilization in poultry production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of STB supplementation in corn- or wheat-basal diet on growth performance, intestinal development, and function of broilers. A total of 512 one-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)broilers were randomly allocated 4 treatments, including corn group (CG), corn + 100 g/t STB (CG + STB), wheat group (WG), wheat + 100 g/t STB (WG + STB). The broilers were weighed at the days of 14, 28, and 42, of which 8 repetitions per treatment were randomly selected to determine the intestinal morphology, intestinal barrier, and cecal microbiota and metabolites. Our data showed that STB increased (P < 0.05) feed intake, body weight and reduced FCR for the overall period (0-42 d). At 28 d of age, significant increases in villus height and the villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (V/C) were found in the STB supplementation groups (P < 0.05). Addition of STB significantly increased intestinal mucosal DAO and AMPK enzyme activity and the gene expression of OCLN, CLDN1, ZO1, MUC2, SGLT1, PEPT1, FABP2, Ghrelin, and GCG in jejunum (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased the expression of the PYY gene. In addition, STB increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Oscillospirales (P < 0.05). A significant increase in cecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) concentration was also observed in the STB supplementation groups. At the cellular level, STB cannot directly increase the expression of small intestinal epithelial cells, and may indirectly improve intestinal barrier function by increasing the level of sodium butyrate. Overall, these results indicated that STB supplementation could improve the growth performance, intestinal development and barrier functions, and fiber fermentation in cecum of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangguang Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yixiang Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Meng Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yudian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jing Li
- AB Vista, Marlborough SN8 4AN, UK
| | | | | | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yujie Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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3
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Wang Y, Yan W, Lu Y, Du J, Tian X, Wu B, Peng S, Gu B, Cai W, Xiao Y. Intestinal Reg4 deficiency confers susceptibility to high-fat diet-induced liver steatosis by increasing intestinal fat absorption in mice. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100700. [PMID: 37138677 PMCID: PMC10149362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Regenerating gene family member 4 (REG4) is a novel marker for enteroendocrine cells and is selectively expressed in specialised enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine. However, the exact roles of REG4 are largely unknown. In this study we investigate the effects of REG4 on the development of dietary fat-dependent liver steatosis and the mechanisms involved. Methods Mice with intestinal-specific Reg4 deficiency (Reg4 ΔIEC ) and Reg4-floxed alleles (Reg4 fl/fl ) were generated to investigate the effects of Reg4 on diet-induced obesity and liver steatosis. Serum levels of REG4 were also measured in children with obesity using ELISA. Results Reg4 ΔIEC mice fed a high-fat diet demonstrated significantly increased intestinal fat absorption and were prone to obesity and hepatic steatosis. Importantly, Reg4 ΔIEC mice exhibit enhanced activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling and increased protein abundance of the intestinal fat transporters, as well as enzymes involved in triglyceride synthesis and packaging at the proximal small intestine. Moreover, REG4 administration reduced fat absorption, and decreased the expression of intestinal fat absorption-related proteins in cultured intestinal cells possibly via the CaMKK2-AMPK pathway. Serum REG4 levels were markedly lower in children with obesity with advanced liver steatosis (p <0.05). Serum REG4 levels were inversely correlated with levels of liver enzymes, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Conclusions Our findings directly link Reg4 deficiency with increased fat absorption and obesity-related liver steatosis, and suggest that REG4 may provide a potential target for prevention and treatment of liver steatosis in children. Impact and Implications Hepatic steatosis is a key histological feature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is the leading chronic liver disease in children leading to the development of metabolic diseases; however, little is known about mechanisms induced by dietary fat. Intestinal REG4 acts as a novel enteroendocrine hormone reducing high-fat-diet-induced liver steatosis with decreasing intestinal fat absorption. REG4 may be a novel target for treatment of paediatric liver steatosis from the perspective of crosstalk between intestine and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihui Yan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Du
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinbei Tian
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Peng
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Beilin Gu
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding authors. Addresses: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University No. 1665, Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China. Tel.: +86-21-25076441; Fax: +86-21-65791316.
| | - Yongtao Xiao
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 1665, Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China. Tel.: +86-21-25076445; Fax: +86-21-65791316.
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Gilad Y, Lonard DM, O’Malley BW. Steroid receptor coactivators - their role in immunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1079011. [PMID: 36582250 PMCID: PMC9793089 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1079011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid Receptor Coactivators (SRCs) are essential regulators of transcription with a wide range of impact on human physiology and pathology. In immunology, SRCs play multiple roles; they are involved in the regulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), macrophage (MΦ) activity, lymphoid cells proliferation, development and function, to name just a few. The three SRC family members, SRC-1, SRC-2 and SRC-3, can exert their immunological function either in an independent manner or act in synergy with each other. In certain biological contexts, one SRC family member can compensate for lack of activity of another member, while in other cases one SRC can exert a biological function that competes against the function of another family counterpart. In this review we illustrate the diverse biological functionality of the SRCs with regard to their role in immunity. In the light of recent development of SRC small molecule inhibitors and stimulators, we discuss their potential relevance as modulators of the immunological activity of the SRCs for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosi Gilad
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,CoRegen, Inc., Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Yosi Gilad, ; David M. Lonard, ; Bert W. O’Malley,
| | - David M. Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,CoRegen, Inc., Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Yosi Gilad, ; David M. Lonard, ; Bert W. O’Malley,
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,CoRegen, Inc., Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Yosi Gilad, ; David M. Lonard, ; Bert W. O’Malley,
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5
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Ghanem CI, Manautou JE. Role and Regulation of Hepatobiliary ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters during Chemical-Induced Liver Injury. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:1376-1388. [PMID: 35914951 PMCID: PMC9513844 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severity of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) ranges from mild, asymptomatic, and transient elevations in liver function tests to irreversible liver damage, often needing transplantation. Traditionally, DILI is classified mechanistically as high-frequency intrinsic DILI, commonly dose dependent or DILI that rarely occurs and is idiosyncratic in nature. This latter form is not dose dependent and has a pattern of histopathological manifestation that is not always uniform. Currently, a third type of DILI called indirect hepatotoxicity has been described that is associated with the pharmacological action of the drug. Historically, DILI was primarily linked to drug metabolism events; however, the impact of transporter-mediated rates of drug uptake and excretion has gained greater prominence in DILI research. This review provides a comprehensive view of the major findings from studies examining the contribution of hepatic ATP-binding cassette transporters as key contributors to DILI and how changes in their expression and function influence the development, severity, and overall toxicity outcome. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) continues to be a focal point in drug development research. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters have emerged as important determinants of drug detoxification, disposition, and safety. This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature addressing: (a) the role of hepatic ABC transporters in DILI, (b) the influence of genetic mutations in ABC transporters on DILI, and (c) new areas of research emphasis, such as the influence of the gut microbiota and epigenetic regulation, on ABC transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina I Ghanem
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA-UBA-CONICET) (C.I.G.) and Cátedra de Fisiopatología (C.I.G.), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.E.M.)
| | - Jose E Manautou
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA-UBA-CONICET) (C.I.G.) and Cátedra de Fisiopatología (C.I.G.), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.E.M.)
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Zhang JB, Jin HL, Feng XY, Feng SL, Zhu WT, Nan HM, Yuan ZW. The combination of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus herb-pair alleviated inflammation in liver fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:984611. [PMID: 36059967 PMCID: PMC9437263 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.984611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the active components and epigenetic regulation mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus herb-pair (LFP) in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced rat liver fibrosis. Methods: The main active ingredients and disease-related gene targets of LFP were determined using TCMSP and UniProt, and liver fibrosis disease targets were screened in the GeneCards database. A network was constructed with Cytoscape 3.8.0 and the STRING database, and potential protein functions were analyzed using bioinformatics analysis. Based on these analyses, we determined the main active ingredients of LFP and evaluated their effects in a CCl4-induced rat liver fibrosis model. Serum biochemical indices were measured using commercial kits, hepatocyte tissue damage and collagen deposition were evaluated by histopathological studies, and myofibroblast activation and inflammation were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to determine the levels of homocysteine, reduced glutathione, and oxidized glutathione, which are involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. Results: The main active components of LFP were quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin, and its main targets were α-smooth muscle actin, cyclooxygenase-2, formyl-peptide receptor-2, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1, nuclear receptor coactivator-2, interleukinβ, tumor necrosis factor α, CXC motif chemokine ligand 14, and transforming growth factor β1. A combination of quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin alleviated the symptoms of liver fibrosis. Conclusion: The results of this study support the role of LFP in the treatment of liver fibrosis, and reveal that LFP reduces collagen formation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This study suggests a potential mechanism of action of LFP in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bei Zhang
- Collage of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Liu Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen-ling Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Nan
- Collage of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
- Department of Encephalopathy, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Mei Nan, ; Zhong-Wen Yuan,
| | - Zhong-Wen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Mei Nan, ; Zhong-Wen Yuan,
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Wang S, Jiang Q, Loor JJ, Gao C, Yang M, Tian Y, Fan W, Zhang B, Li M, Xu C, Yang W. Role of sortilin 1 (SORT1) on fatty acid–mediated cholesterol metabolism in primary calf hepatocytes. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:7773-7786. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Wu Z, Xu C, Zheng T, Li Q, Yang S, Shao J, Guan W, Zhang S. A critical role of AMP-activated protein kinase in regulating intestinal nutrient absorption, barrier function, and intestinal diseases. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3705-3716. [PMID: 35892164 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most important organs in animals, the intestine is responsible for nutrient absorption and acts as a barrier between the body and the environment. Intestinal physiology and function require the participation of energy. 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a classical and highly expressed energy regulator in intestinal cells, regulates the process of nutrient absorption and barrier function and is also involved in the therapy of intestinal diseases. Studies have yielded findings that AMPK regulates the absorption of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids in the intestine primarily by regulating transportation systems, as we detailed here. Moreover, AMPK is involved in the regulation of the intestinal mechanical barrier and immune barrier through manipulating the expression of tight junctions, antimicrobial peptides, and secretory immunoglobulins. In addition, AMPK also participates in the regulation of intestinal diseases, which indicates that AMPK is a promising therapeutic target for intestinal diseases and cancer. In this review, we summarized the current understanding regarding how AMPK regulates intestinal nutrient absorption, barrier function, and intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Wu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengfei Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tenghui Zheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siwang Yang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Shao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wutai Guan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihai Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Scholtes C, Giguère V. Transcriptional control of energy metabolism by nuclear receptors. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:750-770. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Yang Y, He Y, Liu H, Zhou W, Wang C, Xu P, Cai X, Liu H, Yu K, Pei Z, Hyseni I, Fukuda M, Tong Q, Xu J, Sun Z, O'Malley BW, Xu Y. Hypothalamic steroid receptor coactivator-2 regulates adaptations to fasting and overnutrition. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110075. [PMID: 34879284 PMCID: PMC8715676 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroendocrine system coordinates metabolic and behavioral adaptations to fasting, including reducing energy expenditure, promoting counterregulation, and suppressing satiation and anxiety to engage refeeding. Here, we show that steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2) in pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons is a key regulator of all these responses to fasting. POMC-specific deletion of SRC-2 enhances the basal excitability of POMC neurons; mutant mice fail to efficiently suppress energy expenditure during food deprivation. SRC-2 deficiency blunts electric responses of POMC neurons to glucose fluctuations, causing impaired counterregulation. When food becomes available, these mutant mice show insufficient refeeding associated with enhanced satiation and discoordination of anxiety and food-seeking behavior. SRC-2 coactivates Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) to suppress POMC gene expression. POMC-specific deletion of SRC-2 protects mice from weight gain induced by an obesogenic diet feeding and/or FoxO1 overexpression. Collectively, we identify SRC-2 as a key molecule that coordinates multifaceted adaptive responses to food shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Yang
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Yanlin He
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hailan Liu
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pingwen Xu
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xing Cai
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hesong Liu
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kaifan Yu
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhou Pei
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ilirjana Hyseni
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Makoto Fukuda
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qingchun Tong
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yong Xu
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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11
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Balasubramaniyan N, Devereaux MW, Orlicky DJ, Sokol RJ, Suchy FJ. miR-199a-5p inhibits the Expression of ABCB11 in Obstructive Cholestasis. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101400. [PMID: 34774795 PMCID: PMC8665360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B member 11 (ABCB11) is an efflux transporter for bile acids on the liver canalicular membrane. The expression of this transporter is reduced in cholestasis; however, the mechanisms contributing to this reduction are unclear. In this study, we sought to determine whether miR-199a-5p contributes to the depletion of ABCB11/Abcb11 in cholestasis in mice. In a microRNA (miRNA) screen of mouse liver after common bile duct ligation (CBDL), we found that miR-199a-5p was significantly upregulated by approximately fourfold. In silico analysis predicted that miR-199a-5p would target the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of ABCB11/Abcb11 mRNA. The expression of ABCB11-3′-UTR luciferase construct in Huh-7 cells was markedly inhibited by cotransfection of a miRNA-199a-5p mimic, which was reversed by an miRNA-199a-5p mimic inhibitor. We also show treatment of mice after CBDL with the potent nuclear receptor FXR agonist obeticholic acid (OCA) significantly increased Abcb11 mRNA and protein and decreased miR-199a-5p expression. Computational mapping revealed a well-conserved FXR-binding site (FXRE) in the promoter of the gene encoding miR-199a-5, termed miR199a-2. Electromobility shift, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and miR199a-2 promoter-luciferase assays confirmed that this binding site was functional. Finally, CBDL in mice led to depletion of nuclear repressor NcoR1 binding at the miR199a-2 promoter, which facilitates transcription of miR199a-2. In CBDL mice treated with OCA, NcoR1 recruitment to the miR199a-2 FXRE was maintained at levels found in sham-operated mice. In conclusion, we demonstrate that miR-199a-5p is involved in regulating ABCB11/Abcb11 expression, is aberrantly upregulated in obstructive cholestasis, and is downregulated by the FXR agonist OCA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael W Devereaux
- Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13123 East 16(th) Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Ronald J Sokol
- Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado
| | - Frederick J Suchy
- Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado.
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12
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Ren T, Pang L, Dai W, Wu S, Kong J. Regulatory mechanisms of the bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11) and its role in related diseases. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101641. [PMID: 33581308 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11) is located on the apical membrane and mediates the secretion of bile salts from hepatocytes into the bile. BSEP-mediated bile salt efflux is the rate-limiting step of bile salt secretion and the main driving force of bile flow. BSEP drives and maintains the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts. In recent years, research efforts have been focused on understanding the physiological and pathological functions and regulatory mechanisms of BSEP. These studies elucidated the roles of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), liver receptor homolog-1(LRH-1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) in BSEP expression and discovered some regulatory factors which participate in its post-transcriptional regulation. A series of liver diseases have also been shown to be related to BSEP expression and dysfunction, such as cholestasis, drug-induced liver injury, and gallstones. Here, we systematically review and summarize recent literature on BSEP structure, physiological functions, regulatory mechanisms, and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengqi Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Liwei Pang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wanlin Dai
- Innovation Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuodong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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13
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Vertical sleeve gastrectomy confers metabolic improvements by reducing intestinal bile acids and lipid absorption in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2019388118. [PMID: 33526687 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019388118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is one of the most effective and durable therapies for morbid obesity and its related complications. Although bile acids (BAs) have been implicated as downstream mediators of VSG, the specific mechanisms through which BA changes contribute to the metabolic effects of VSG remain poorly understood. Here, we confirm that high fat diet-fed global farnesoid X receptor (Fxr) knockout mice are resistant to the beneficial metabolic effects of VSG. However, the beneficial effects of VSG were retained in high fat diet-fed intestine- or liver-specific Fxr knockouts, and VSG did not result in Fxr activation in the liver or intestine of control mice. Instead, VSG decreased expression of positive hepatic Fxr target genes, including the bile salt export pump (Bsep) that delivers BAs to the biliary pathway. This reduced small intestine BA levels in mice, leading to lower intestinal fat absorption. These findings were verified in sterol 27-hydroxylase (Cyp27a1) knockout mice, which exhibited low intestinal BAs and fat absorption and did not show metabolic improvements following VSG. In addition, restoring small intestinal BA levels by dietary supplementation with taurocholic acid (TCA) partially blocked the beneficial effects of VSG. Altogether, these findings suggest that reductions in intestinal BAs and lipid absorption contribute to the metabolic benefits of VSG.
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14
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Faradonbeh FA, Sa II, Lastuvkova H, Cermanova J, Hroch M, Faistova H, Mokry J, Nova Z, Uher M, Nachtigal P, Pavek P, Micuda S. Metformin impairs bile acid homeostasis in ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109525. [PMID: 34058177 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metformin, an oral antidiabetic drug, recently demonstrated a reducing effect on bile acids (BA) plasma concentrations in one patient with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) by unknown mechanism. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the effect of metformin on BA homeostasis and related molecular pathways in the liver and intestine using a mouse model of ICP. The cholestasis was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by repeated administration of ethinylestradiol (10 mg/kg BW s.c.) and/or metformin (150 mg/kg BW orally) over 5 consecutive days with subsequent bile collection and molecular analysis of samples. We demonstrated that metformin significantly increased the rate of bile secretion in control mice. This increase was BA dependent and was produced both by increased liver BA synthesis via induced cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) and by increased BA reabsorption in the ileum via induction of the apical sodium-dependent BA transporter (Asbt). In contrast, metformin further worsened ethinylestradiol-induced impairment of bile secretion. This reduction was also BA dependent and corresponded with significant downregulation of Bsep, and Ntcp, major excretory and uptake transporters for BA in hepatocytes, respectively. The plasma concentrations of BA were consequently significantly increased in the metformin-treated mice. Altogether, our data indicate positive stimulation of bile secretion by metformin in the intact liver, but this drug also induces serious impairment of BA biliary secretion, with a marked increase in plasma concentrations in estrogen-induced cholestasis. Our results imply that metformin should be used with caution in situations with hormone-dependent cholestasis, such as ICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Alaei Faradonbeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ivone Igreja Sa
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Lastuvkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jolana Cermanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Hroch
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Faistova
- Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Mokry
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Nova
- Department of Pharmacology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Uher
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nachtigal
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pavek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Micuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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15
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Sohail MI, Dönmez-Cakil Y, Szöllősi D, Stockner T, Chiba P. The Bile Salt Export Pump: Molecular Structure, Study Models and Small-Molecule Drugs for the Treatment of Inherited BSEP Deficiencies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E784. [PMID: 33466755 PMCID: PMC7830293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11) is responsible for the transport of bile salts from hepatocytes into bile canaliculi. Malfunction of this transporter results in progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC2), benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (BRIC2) and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). Over the past few years, several small molecular weight compounds have been identified, which hold the potential to treat these genetic diseases (chaperones and potentiators). As the treatment response is mutation-specific, genetic analysis of the patients and their families is required. Furthermore, some of the mutations are refractory to therapy, with the only remaining treatment option being liver transplantation. In this review, we will focus on the molecular structure of ABCB11, reported mutations involved in cholestasis and current treatment options for inherited BSEP deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaprak Dönmez-Cakil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Maltepe University, Maltepe, 34857 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Dániel Szöllősi
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse, 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Thomas Stockner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse, 13A, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Peter Chiba
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse, 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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16
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Lin Z, Yang F, Lu D, Sun W, Zhu G, Lan B. Knockdown of NCOA2 Inhibits the Growth and Progression of Gastric Cancer by Affecting the Wnt Signaling Pathway-Related Protein Expression. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 19:1533033820928072. [PMID: 32489143 PMCID: PMC7273340 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820928072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the role of nuclear receptor coactivator
2 in cell proliferation and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells and to
explore its possible mechanisms. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine NCOA2
gene expression in gastric cancer. Western blotting was used to detect Wnt
signal pathways–related protein expression. Colony formation assays, Cell
Counting Kit-8 assays, and transwell assays were used to determine cell
proliferation, metastasis, and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells. A
flow cytometric apoptosis tests determine gastric cancer cell apoptosis
ability after inhibition of the expression of nuclear receptor coactivator
2. Subcutaneous mouse models were used to determine the gastric cancer
growth and peritoneal metastasis differences after inhibition the expression
of nuclear receptor coactivator 2. Results: The expression of nuclear receptor coactivator 2 in gastric cancer cells is
high (P < .01), including lymph node metastasis, TNM
staging, and gender differences in nuclear receptor coactivator 2 expression
were statistically significant (P < .01). Short
interfering nuclear receptor coactivator 2 could inhibit the proliferation
and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells. Short interfering nuclear
receptor coactivator 2 promotes the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells.
Animal experiments showed that short interfering nuclear receptor
coactivator 2 could inhibit the growth and invasion of gastric
cancer-transplantable tumors. Knockdown of the expression of nuclear
receptor coactivator 2 inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the
gastric cancer cells. Conclusions: Knockdown of the expression of nuclear receptor coactivator 2 can inhibit the
proliferation and invasion of human gastric cancer in vitro
and in vivo. The underlying mechanism of NOCA2 affects the
Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlv Lin
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Hospital of Quanzhou, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Dong Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guangwei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Lan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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17
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Praggastis SA, Lam G, Horner MA, Nam HJ, Thummel CS. The Drosophila E78 nuclear receptor regulates dietary triglyceride uptake and systemic lipid levels. Dev Dyn 2020; 250:640-651. [PMID: 33368768 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid levels are maintained by balancing lipid uptake, synthesis, and mobilization. Although many studies have focused on the control of lipid synthesis and mobilization, less is known about the regulation of lipid digestion and uptake. RESULTS Here we show that the Drosophila E78A nuclear receptor plays a central role in intestinal lipid homeostasis through regulation of the CG17192 digestive lipase. E78A mutant adults fail to maintain proper systemic lipid levels following eclosion, with this effect largely restricted to the intestine. Transcriptional profiling by RNA-seq revealed a candidate gene for mediating this effect, encoding the predicted adult intestinal lipase CG17192. Intestine-specific disruption of CG17192 results in reduced lipid levels similar to that seen in E78A mutants. In addition, dietary supplementation with free fatty acids, or intestine-specific expression of either E78A or CG17192, is sufficient to restore lipid levels in E78A mutant adults. CONCLUSION These studies support the model that E78A is a central regulator of adult lipid homeostasis through its effects on CG17192 expression and lipid digestion. This work also provides new insights into the control of intestinal lipid uptake and demonstrate that nuclear receptors can play an important role in these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geanette Lam
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Michael A Horner
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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18
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O'Malley BW. SRC-2 Coactivator: a role in human metabolic evolution and disease. Mol Med 2020; 26:45. [PMID: 32410572 PMCID: PMC7227291 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The large family of transcriptional coactivators originated with the cloning of the subfamily of Steroid Receptor Coactivators (SRC-1,2,3). These 3 coactivators serve as primary 'master genes' to direct the coordinate transcription of multiple genes required for physiological goals in cells, specifically, carbohydrate, lipid, or anabolic growth metabolisms. SRC-2 is of special interest in terms of lipid metabolism and energy accrual and is the topic of a collection of our research discoveries and publications described in this Perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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19
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Garzel B, Hu T, Li L, Lu Y, Heyward S, Polli J, Zhang L, Huang SM, Raufman JP, Wang H. Metformin Disrupts Bile Acid Efflux by Repressing Bile Salt Export Pump Expression. Pharm Res 2020; 37:26. [PMID: 31907698 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2753-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The bile salt export pump (BSEP), a key player in hepatic bile acid clearance, has been the center of research on drug-induced cholestasis. However, such studies focus primarily on the direct inhibition of BSEP, often overlooking the potential impact of transcriptional repression. This work aims to explore the disruption of bile acid efflux caused by drug-induced BSEP repression. METHODS BSEP activity was analyzed in human primary hepatocytes (HPH) using a traditional biliary-clearance experiment and a modified efflux assay, which includes a 72-h pretreatment prior to efflux measurement. Relative mRNA and protein expressions were examined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS Metformin concentration-dependently repressed BSEP expression in HPH. Although metformin did not directly inhibit BSEP activity, longer metformin exposure reduced BSEP transport function in HPH by down-regulating BSEP expression. BSEP repression by metformin was found to be AMP-activated protein kinase-independent. Additional screening of 10 reported cholestatic non-BSEP inhibitors revealed that the anti-cancer drug tamoxifen also markedly repressed BSEP expression and reduced BSEP activity in HPH. CONCLUSIONS Repression of BSEP alone is sufficient to disrupt hepatic bile acid efflux. Metformin and tamoxifen appear to be prototypes of a class of BSEP repressors that may cause drug-induced cholestasis through gene repression instead of direct BSEP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandy Garzel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA
| | - Linhao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA
| | - Yuanfu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Scott Heyward
- BioIVT, 1450 S Rolling Road, Baltimore, Maryland, 21227, USA
| | - James Polli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA
| | - Shiew-Mei Huang
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 South Greene Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA.,VA Maryland Health Care System, 10 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA
| | - Hongbing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA.
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20
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Blundon MA, Dasgupta S. Metabolic Dysregulation Controls Endocrine Therapy-Resistant Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1811-1820. [PMID: 31157867 PMCID: PMC6620757 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer recurrence and metastasis involves many biological interactions, such as genetic, transcription, environmental, endocrine signaling, and metabolism. These interactions add a complex understanding of cancer recurrence and metastatic progression, delaying the advancement in therapeutic opportunities. We highlight the recent advances on the molecular complexities of endocrine-related cancers, focusing on breast and prostate cancer, and briefly review how endocrine signaling and metabolic programs can influence transcriptional complexes for metastasis competence. Nuclear receptors and transcriptional coregulators function as molecular nodes for the crosstalk between endocrine signaling and metabolism that alter downstream gene expression important for tumor progression and metastasis. This exciting regulatory axis may provide insights to the development of cancer therapeutics important for these desensitized endocrine-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malachi A Blundon
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Subhamoy Dasgupta
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- Correspondence: Subhamoy Dasgupta, PhD, Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263. E-mail:
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21
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Chasapi A, Balampanis K, Tanoglidi A, Kourea E, Lambrou GI, Lambadiari V, Kalfarentzos F, Hatziagelaki E, Melachrinou M, Sotiropoulou-Bonikou G. SRC-3/AIB-1 may Enhance Hepatic NFATC1 Transcription and Mediate Inflammation in a Tissue-Specific Manner in Morbid Obesity. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019; 20:242-255. [PMID: 31322077 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190715160630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a global epidemic which is associated with several cardiometabolic comorbidities and is characterized by chronic, low grade systemic inflammation. Numerous biomarkers have been implicated in the pathophysiology of the disease, including transcription factors and coregulators. Steroid Receptor Coactivator (SRC)-family represent the master regulators of metabolic pathways and their dysregulation is strongly associated with numerous metabolic disorders. METHODS 50 morbidly obese patients participated in the present study. Biopsies were collected from visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, extra-myocellular adipose tissue and liver. We evaluated the differential protein expression of NFATc1, SRC-2/TIF-2, SRC-3/AIB-1 and inflammatory biomarkers CD68 and CD3 by immunohistochemistry. The current study was designed to determine any correlations between the transcription factor NFATc1 and the SRC coregulators, as well as any associations with the inflammatory biomarkers. RESULTS We identified SRC-3 as a hepatic NFATc1 coactivator and we demonstrated its possible role in energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Moreover, we revealed a complex and extensive intraand inter-tissue network among the three main investigated proteins and the inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting their potential participation in the obesity-induced inflammatory cascade. CONCLUSION Steroid receptor coactivators are critical regulators of human metabolism with pleiotropic and tissue-specific actions. We believe that our study will contribute to the better understanding of the complex multi-tissue interactions that are disrupted in obesity and can therefore lead to numerous cardiometabolic diseases. Further on, our present findings suggest that SRC-3/AIB-1 could constitute possible future drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Chasapi
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Balampanis
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.,Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Center, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece.,Department of Anatomy and Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Anna Tanoglidi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Akademiska University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eleni Kourea
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - George I Lambrou
- First Department of Pediatrics, Choremeio Research Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Thivon & Levadeias 8, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Center, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Fotios Kalfarentzos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, 17, Ag. Thoma St, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Erifili Hatziagelaki
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Center, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Melachrinou
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
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22
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Spracklen CN, Chen P, Kim YJ, Wang X, Cai H, Li S, Long J, Wu Y, Wang YX, Takeuchi F, Wu JY, Jung KJ, Hu C, Akiyama K, Zhang Y, Moon S, Johnson TA, Li H, Dorajoo R, He M, Cannon ME, Roman TS, Salfati E, Lin KH, Guo X, Sheu WHH, Absher D, Adair LS, Assimes TL, Aung T, Cai Q, Chang LC, Chen CH, Chien LH, Chuang LM, Chuang SC, Du S, Fan Q, Fann CSJ, Feranil AB, Friedlander Y, Gordon-Larsen P, Gu D, Gui L, Guo Z, Heng CK, Hixson J, Hou X, Hsiung CA, Hu Y, Hwang MY, Hwu CM, Isono M, Juang JMJ, Khor CC, Kim YK, Koh WP, Kubo M, Lee IT, Lee SJ, Lee WJ, Liang KW, Lim B, Lim SH, Liu J, Nabika T, Pan WH, Peng H, Quertermous T, Sabanayagam C, Sandow K, Shi J, Sun L, Tan PC, Tan SP, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Toh SA, Tsunoda T, van Dam RM, Wang A, Wang F, Wang J, Wei WB, Xiang YB, Yao J, Yuan JM, Zhang R, Zhao W, Chen YDI, Rich SS, Rotter JI, Wang TD, Wu T, Lin X, Han BG, Tanaka T, Cho YS, Katsuya T, Jia W, Jee SH, Chen YT, Kato N, Jonas JB, Cheng CY, Shu XO, He J, Zheng W, Wong TY, Huang W, Kim BJ, Tai ES, Mohlke KL, Sim X. Association analyses of East Asian individuals and trans-ancestry analyses with European individuals reveal new loci associated with cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1770-1784. [PMID: 28334899 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >175 loci associated with fasting cholesterol levels, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG). With differences in linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure and allele frequencies between ancestry groups, studies in additional large samples may detect new associations. We conducted staged GWAS meta-analyses in up to 69,414 East Asian individuals from 24 studies with participants from Japan, the Philippines, Korea, China, Singapore, and Taiwan. These meta-analyses identified (P < 5 × 10-8) three novel loci associated with HDL-C near CD163-APOBEC1 (P = 7.4 × 10-9), NCOA2 (P = 1.6 × 10-8), and NID2-PTGDR (P = 4.2 × 10-8), and one novel locus associated with TG near WDR11-FGFR2 (P = 2.7 × 10-10). Conditional analyses identified a second signal near CD163-APOBEC1. We then combined results from the East Asian meta-analysis with association results from up to 187,365 European individuals from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium in a trans-ancestry meta-analysis. This analysis identified (log10Bayes Factor ≥6.1) eight additional novel lipid loci. Among the twelve total loci identified, the index variants at eight loci have demonstrated at least nominal significance with other metabolic traits in prior studies, and two loci exhibited coincident eQTLs (P < 1 × 10-5) in subcutaneous adipose tissue for BPTF and PDGFC. Taken together, these analyses identified multiple novel lipid loci, providing new potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korean National Institute of Health, Osong, Chungchungbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Xu Wang
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shengxu Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Keum-Ji Jung
- Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Koichi Akiyama
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korean National Institute of Health, Osong, Chungchungbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Todd A Johnson
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Huaixing Li
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Maren E Cannon
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tamara S Roman
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elias Salfati
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Devin Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsin Chien
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qiao Fan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cathy S J Fann
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alan B Feranil
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines.,Department of Anthropology, Sociology, and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Unit of Epidemiology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lixuan Gui
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhirong Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Hixson
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xuhong Hou
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Agnes Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yao Hu
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korean National Institute of Health, Osong, Chungchungbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masato Isono
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jyh-Ming Jimmy Juang
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun Kyoung Kim
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korean National Institute of Health, Osong, Chungchungbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sun-Ju Lee
- Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Blanche Lim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sing-Hui Lim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Sandow
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center and Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pok Chien Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu-Pei Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yik-Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sue-Anne Toh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feijie Wang
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanting Zhao
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Tzung-Dau Wang
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bok-Ghee Han
- Center for Genome Science, Korean National Institute of Health, Osong, Chungchungbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun-Ha Jee
- Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yuan-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Norihiro Kato
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center and Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korean National Institute of Health, Osong, Chungchungbuk-do, South Korea
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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23
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Li X, Liu R, Zhang L, Jiang Z. The emerging role of AMP-activated protein kinase in cholestatic liver diseases. Pharmacol Res 2017; 125:105-113. [PMID: 28889972 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), recognized as an energy sensor with three heterotrimeric subunits (α, β and γ), not only maintains basal intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels but also regulates energy-intensive pathological responses, such as neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases, through multiple signaling pathways. Recent studies open a new direction for AMPK research and demonstrate that AMPK is a critical player in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury and plays paradoxical roles in the regulation of different pathological processes, including the disruption of bile acid homeostasis and the regulation of hepatic polarity, inflammation and fibrosis. In the present review, we summarize recent findings that implicate AMPK-mediated signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury. These findings provide novel insight regarding the potential use of AMPK as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cholestatic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiaoyang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Runping Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Center for Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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24
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Suresh S, Durakoglugil D, Zhou X, Zhu B, Comerford SA, Xing C, Xie XJ, York B, O’Donnell KA. SRC-2-mediated coactivation of anti-tumorigenic target genes suppresses MYC-induced liver cancer. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006650. [PMID: 28273073 PMCID: PMC5362238 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common solid tumor in the world and the third leading cause of cancer-associated deaths. A Sleeping Beauty-mediated transposon mutagenesis screen previously identified mutations that cooperate with MYC to accelerate liver tumorigenesis. This revealed a tumor suppressor role for Steroid Receptor Coactivator 2/Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2 (Src-2/Ncoa2) in liver cancer. In contrast, SRC-2 promotes survival and metastasis in prostate cancer cells, suggesting a tissue-specific and context-dependent role for SRC-2 in tumorigenesis. To determine if genetic loss of SRC-2 is sufficient to accelerate MYC-mediated liver tumorigenesis, we bred Src-2-/- mice with a MYC-induced liver tumor model and observed a significant increase in liver tumor burden. RNA sequencing of liver tumors and in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed a set of direct target genes that are bound by SRC-2 and exhibit downregulated expression in Src-2-/- liver tumors. We demonstrate that activation of SHP (Small Heterodimer Partner), DKK4 (Dickkopf-4), and CADM4 (Cell Adhesion Molecule 4) by SRC-2 suppresses tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. These studies suggest that SRC-2 may exhibit oncogenic or tumor suppressor activity depending on the target genes and nuclear receptors that are expressed in distinct tissues and illuminate the mechanisms of tumor suppression by SRC-2 in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthy Suresh
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Deniz Durakoglugil
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Bokai Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sarah A. Comerford
- Department of Molecular Genetics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Chao Xing
- Department of Clinical Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
- McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Xian-Jin Xie
- Department of Clinical Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Brian York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Kathryn A. O’Donnell
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Maher S, Mrsny RJ, Brayden DJ. Intestinal permeation enhancers for oral peptide delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 106:277-319. [PMID: 27320643 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal permeation enhancers (PEs) are one of the most widely tested strategies to improve oral delivery of therapeutic peptides. This article assesses the intestinal permeation enhancement action of over 250 PEs that have been tested in intestinal delivery models. In depth analysis of pre-clinical data is presented for PEs as components of proprietary delivery systems that have progressed to clinical trials. Given the importance of co-presentation of sufficiently high concentrations of PE and peptide at the small intestinal epithelium, there is an emphasis on studies where PEs have been formulated with poorly permeable molecules in solid dosage forms and lipoidal dispersions.
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26
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Lonard DM, O'Malley BW. Molecular Pathways: Targeting Steroid Receptor Coactivators in Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:5403-5407. [PMID: 27654711 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coactivators represent a large class of proteins that partner with nuclear receptors and other transcription factors to regulate gene expression. Given their pleiotropic roles in the control of transcription, coactivators have been implicated in a broad range of human disease states, including cancer. This is best typified by the three members of the steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family, each of which integrates steroid hormone signaling and growth factor pathways to drive oncogenic gene expression programs in breast, endometrial, ovarian, prostate, and other cancers. Because of this, coactivators represent emerging targets for cancer therapeutics, and efforts are now being made to develop SRC-targeting agents, such as the SI-2 inhibitor and the novel SRC stimulator, MCB-613, that are able to block cancer growth in cell culture and animal model systems. Here, we will discuss the mechanisms through which coactivators drive cancer progression and how targeting coactivators represent a novel conceptual approach to combat tumor growth that is distinct from the use of other targeted therapeutic agents. We also will describe efforts to develop next-generation SRC inhibitors and stimulators that can be taken into the clinic for the treatment of recurrent, drug-resistant cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 22(22); 5403-7. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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27
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Fleet T, Stashi E, Zhu B, Rajapakshe K, Marcelo KL, Kettner NM, Gorman BK, Coarfa C, Fu L, O'Malley BW, York B. Genetic and Environmental Models of Circadian Disruption Link SRC-2 Function to Hepatic Pathology. J Biol Rhythms 2016; 31:443-60. [PMID: 27432117 DOI: 10.1177/0748730416657921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythmicity is a fundamental process that synchronizes behavioral cues with metabolic homeostasis. Disruption of daily cycles due to jet lag or shift work results in severe physiological consequences including advanced aging, metabolic syndrome, and even cancer. Our understanding of the molecular clock, which is regulated by intricate positive feedforward and negative feedback loops, has expanded to include an important metabolic transcriptional coregulator, Steroid Receptor Coactivator-2 (SRC-2), that regulates both the central clock of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and peripheral clocks including the liver. We hypothesized that an environmental uncoupling of the light-dark phases, termed chronic circadian disruption (CCD), would lead to pathology similar to the genetic circadian disruption observed with loss of SRC-2 We found that CCD and ablation of SRC-2 in mice led to a common comorbidity of metabolic syndrome also found in humans with circadian disruption, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The combination of SRC-2(-/-) and CCD results in a more robust phenotype that correlates with human non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) gene signatures. Either CCD or SRC-2 ablation produces an advanced aging phenotype leading to increased mortality consistent with other circadian mutant mouse models. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that SRC-2 provides an essential link between the behavioral activities influenced by light cues and the metabolic homeostasis maintained by the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Fleet
- Interdepartmental Department in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Erin Stashi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Bokai Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kathrina L Marcelo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Nicole M Kettner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Blythe K Gorman
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Loning Fu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Brian York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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The Role of Steroid Receptor Coactivators in Hormone Dependent Cancers and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets. Discov Oncol 2016; 7:229-35. [PMID: 27125199 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-016-0261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family members (SRC-1, SRC-2, SRC-3) interact with nuclear receptors (NRs) and many transcription factors to enhance target gene transcription. Deregulation of SRCs is widely implicated in NR mediated diseases, especially hormone dependent cancers. By integrating steroid hormone signaling and growth factor pathways, SRC proteins exert multiple modes of oncogenic regulation in cancers and represent emerging targets for cancer therapeutics. Recent work has identified SRC-targeting agents that show promise in blocking tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, and have the potential to function as powerful and broadly encompassing treatments for different cancers.
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Astapova I. Role of co-regulators in metabolic and transcriptional actions of thyroid hormone. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 56:73-97. [PMID: 26673411 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) controls a wide range of physiological processes through TH receptor (TR) isoforms. Classically, TRs are proposed to function as tri-iodothyronine (T3)-dependent transcription factors: on positively regulated target genes, unliganded TRs mediate transcriptional repression through recruitment of co-repressor complexes, while T3 binding leads to dismissal of co-repressors and recruitment of co-activators to activate transcription. Co-repressors and co-activators were proposed to play opposite roles in the regulation of negative T3 target genes and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, but exact mechanisms of the negative regulation by TH have remained elusive. Important insights into the roles of co-repressors and co-activators in different physiological processes have been obtained using animal models with disrupted co-regulator function. At the same time, recent studies interrogating genome-wide TR binding have generated compelling new data regarding effects of T3, local chromatin structure, and specific response element configuration on TR recruitment and function leading to the proposal of new models of transcriptional regulation by TRs. This review discusses data obtained in various mouse models with manipulated function of nuclear receptor co-repressor (NCoR or NCOR1) and silencing mediator of retinoic acid receptor and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT or NCOR2), and family of steroid receptor co-activators (SRCs also known as NCOAs) in the context of TH action, as well as insights into the function of co-regulators that may emerge from the genome-wide TR recruitment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Astapova
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Metformin inhibits hepatocellular glucose, lipid and cholesterol biosynthetic pathways by transcriptionally suppressing steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC-2). Sci Rep 2015; 5:16430. [PMID: 26548416 PMCID: PMC4637908 DOI: 10.1038/srep16430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of the anti-diabetic drug metformin to inhibit anabolic processes including gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis is partly attributable to activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. The p160 steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC-2) is a key regulator of cellular metabolism and drives expression of the gluconeogenic enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pc). Here, we uncovered a role for SRC-2 in the metabolic reprogramming imposed by metformin. In FaO cells, metformin dose-dependently reduced mRNA expression of SRC-2. Microarray analysis of metformin-treated cells revealed an overrepresentation of downregulated genes involved in biosynthesis of lipids and cholesterol. Several metformin-regulated genes including fatty acid synthase (FASN) were validated as transcriptional targets of SRC-2 with promoters characterized by sterol regulatory element (SRE) binding protein (SREBP) recognition sequences. Transactivation assays of the FASN promoter confirmed that SRC-2 is a coactivator of SREBP-1. By suppressing SRC-2 at the transcriptional level, metformin impeded recruitment of SRC-2 and RNA polymerase II to the G6Pc promoter and to SREs of mutual SRC-2/SREBP-1 target gene promoters. Hepatocellular fat accretion was reduced by metformin or knock-down of both SRC-2 and SREBP-1. Accordingly we propose that metformin inhibits glucose and lipid biosynthesis partly by downregulating SRC-2 gene expression.
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Fleet T, Zhang B, Lin F, Zhu B, Dasgupta S, Stashi E, Tackett B, Thevananther S, Rajapakshe KI, Gonzales N, Dean A, Mao J, Timchenko N, Malovannaya A, Qin J, Coarfa C, DeMayo F, Dacso CC, Foulds CE, O'Malley BW, York B. SRC-2 orchestrates polygenic inputs for fine-tuning glucose homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E6068-77. [PMID: 26487680 PMCID: PMC4640775 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1519073112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive efforts to understand the monogenic contributions to perturbed glucose homeostasis, the complexity of genetic events that fractionally contribute to the spectrum of this pathology remain poorly understood. Proper maintenance of glucose homeostasis is the central feature of a constellation of comorbidities that define the metabolic syndrome. The ability of the liver to balance carbohydrate uptake and release during the feeding-to-fasting transition is essential to the regulation of peripheral glucose availability. The liver coordinates the expression of gene programs that control glucose absorption, storage, and secretion. Herein, we demonstrate that Steroid Receptor Coactivator 2 (SRC-2) orchestrates a hierarchy of nutritionally responsive transcriptional complexes to precisely modulate plasma glucose availability. Using DNA pull-down technology coupled with mass spectrometry, we have identified SRC-2 as an indispensable integrator of transcriptional complexes that control the rate-limiting steps of hepatic glucose release and accretion. Collectively, these findings position SRC-2 as a major regulator of polygenic inputs to metabolic gene regulation and perhaps identify a previously unappreciated model that helps to explain the clinical spectrum of glucose dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Fleet
- Interdepartmental Department in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Fumin Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Bokai Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Subhamoy Dasgupta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Erin Stashi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Bryan Tackett
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Sundararajah Thevananther
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411; Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Kimal I Rajapakshe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Naomi Gonzales
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Adam Dean
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Jianqiang Mao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Nikolai Timchenko
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411; Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411; Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Francesco DeMayo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Clifford C Dacso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Charles E Foulds
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Interdepartmental Department in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411;
| | - Brian York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411;
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Lu Y, Habtetsion TG, Li Y, Zhang H, Qiao Y, Yu M, Tang Y, Zhen Q, Cheng Y, Liu Y. Association of NCOA2 gene polymorphisms with obesity and dyslipidemia in the Chinese Han population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:7341-9. [PMID: 26261634 PMCID: PMC4525968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear receptor coactivator 2 (NCOA2) gene plays an important role in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. NCOA2 gene null mice exhibited less fat accumulation and lower serum lipid levels, and were protected against obesity. Few studies are known to have analyzed the association of NCOA2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with obesity and serum lipid profile. Our study aimed to evaluate the association of NCOA2 gene polymorphisms with the risk of obesity and dyslipidemia in the Chinese Han population. METHODS Two NCOA2 gene polymorphisms (rs41391448 and rs10504473) were selected and genotyped in a Chinese Han cohort with 529 participants. The effect of different genotypes on BMI and serum lipid levels (TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C) was performed by the analysis of covariance. Association of NCOA2 polymorphisms with obesity and dyslipidemia was assessed by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) under the unconditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Significant association was observed between rs10504473 polymorphism and obesity under the recessive model (OR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.02-3.45, P = 0.047; adjusted OR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.02-3.44, P = 0.048). However, no association remained significant after Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSION Our study suggests a possible association between NCOA2 rs10504473 polymorphism and obesity, and this SNP may influence the susceptibility of obesity in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | | | - Yong Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, VA Medical Center/116A2950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Yichun Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Mingxi Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Qing Zhen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- The Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Yawen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
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Bozickovic O, Hoang T, Fenne IS, Helland T, Skartveit L, Ouchida M, Mellgren G, Sagen JV. Cyclin C interacts with steroid receptor coactivator 2 and upregulates cell cycle genes in MCF-7 cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2383-91. [PMID: 25986860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC-2) is a coactivator that regulates nuclear receptor activity. We previously reported that SRC-2 protein is degraded through the action of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). In the study presented here, we aimed to identify proteins that interact with and thereby regulate SRC-2. We isolated cyclin C (CCNC) as an interacting partner with the SRC-2 degradation domain aa 347-758 in a yeast two-hybrid assay and confirmed direct interaction in an in vitro assay. The protein level of SRC-2 was increased with CCNC overexpression in COS-1 cells and decreased with CCNC silencing in COS-1 and MCF-7 cells. In a pulse-chase assay, we further show that silencing of CCNC resulted in a different SRC-2 degradation pattern during the first 6 h after the pulse. Finally, we provide evidence that CCNC regulates expression of cell cycle genes upregulated by SRC-2. In conclusion, our results suggest that CCNC temporarily protects SRC-2 against degradation and this event is involved in the transcriptional regulation of SRC-2 cell cycle target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivera Bozickovic
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5021, Norway; Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway.
| | - Tuyen Hoang
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5021, Norway.
| | - Ingvild S Fenne
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5021, Norway; Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway.
| | - Thomas Helland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5021, Norway; Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway.
| | - Linn Skartveit
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5021, Norway; Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway.
| | - Mamoru Ouchida
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5021, Norway; Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway.
| | - Jørn V Sagen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5021, Norway; Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway.
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Kang YK, Putluri N, Maity S, Tsimelzon A, Ilkayeva O, Mo Q, Lonard D, Michailidis G, Sreekumar A, Newgard CB, Wang M, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, O'Malley BW. CAPER is vital for energy and redox homeostasis by integrating glucose-induced mitochondrial functions via ERR-α-Gabpa and stress-induced adaptive responses via NF-κB-cMYC. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005116. [PMID: 25830341 PMCID: PMC4382186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ever since we developed mitochondria to generate ATP, eukaryotes required intimate mito-nuclear communication. In addition, since reactive oxygen species are a cost of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, this demands safeguards as protection from these harmful byproducts. Here we identified a critical transcriptional integrator which eukaryotes share to orchestrate both nutrient-induced mitochondrial energy metabolism and stress-induced nuclear responses, thereby maintaining carbon-nitrogen balance, and preserving life span and reproductive capacity. Inhibition of nutrient-induced expression of CAPER arrests nutrient-dependent cell proliferation and ATP generation and induces autophagy-mediated vacuolization. Nutrient signaling to CAPER induces mitochondrial transcription and glucose-dependent mitochondrial respiration via coactivation of nuclear receptor ERR-α-mediated Gabpa transcription. CAPER is also a coactivator for NF-κB that directly regulates c-Myc to coordinate nuclear transcriptome responses to mitochondrial stress. Finally, CAPER is responsible for anaplerotic carbon flux into TCA cycles from glycolysis, amino acids and fatty acids in order to maintain cellular energy metabolism to counter mitochondrial stress. Collectively, our studies reveal CAPER as an evolutionarily conserved 'master' regulatory mechanism by which eukaryotic cells control vital homeostasis for both ATP and antioxidants via CAPER-dependent coordinated control of nuclear and mitochondrial transcriptomic programs and their metabolisms. These CAPER dependent bioenergetic programs are highly conserved, as we demonstrated that they are essential to preserving life span and reproductive capacity in human cells-and even in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kyoung Kang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Suman Maity
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Anna Tsimelzon
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical School, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Qianxing Mo
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - David Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - George Michailidis
- Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Arun Sreekumar
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Christopher B. Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical School, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Meng Wang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sophia Y. Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ming-Jer Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bert W. O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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Dasgupta S, Putluri N, Long W, Zhang B, Wang J, Kaushik AK, Arnold JM, Bhowmik SK, Stashi E, Brennan CA, Rajapakshe K, Coarfa C, Mitsiades N, Ittmann MM, Chinnaiyan AM, Sreekumar A, O'Malley BW. Coactivator SRC-2-dependent metabolic reprogramming mediates prostate cancer survival and metastasis. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1174-88. [PMID: 25664849 DOI: 10.1172/jci76029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic pathway reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer cell growth and survival and supports the anabolic and energetic demands of these rapidly dividing cells. The underlying regulators of the tumor metabolic program are not completely understood; however, these factors have potential as cancer therapy targets. Here, we determined that upregulation of the oncogenic transcriptional coregulator steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC-2), also known as NCOA2, drives glutamine-dependent de novo lipogenesis, which supports tumor cell survival and eventual metastasis. SRC-2 was highly elevated in a variety of tumors, especially in prostate cancer, in which SRC-2 was amplified and overexpressed in 37% of the metastatic tumors evaluated. In prostate cancer cells, SRC-2 stimulated reductive carboxylation of α-ketoglutarate to generate citrate via retrograde TCA cycling, promoting lipogenesis and reprogramming of glutamine metabolism. Glutamine-mediated nutrient signaling activated SRC-2 via mTORC1-dependent phosphorylation, which then triggered downstream transcriptional responses by coactivating SREBP-1, which subsequently enhanced lipogenic enzyme expression. Metabolic profiling of human prostate tumors identified a massive increase in the SRC-2-driven metabolic signature in metastatic tumors compared with that seen in localized tumors, further implicating SRC-2 as a prominent metabolic coordinator of cancer metastasis. Moreover, SRC-2 inhibition in murine models severely attenuated the survival, growth, and metastasis of prostate cancer. Together, these results suggest that the SRC-2 pathway has potential as a therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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Rollins DA, Coppo M, Rogatsky I. Minireview: nuclear receptor coregulators of the p160 family: insights into inflammation and metabolism. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:502-17. [PMID: 25647480 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor coactivators (NCOAs) are multifunctional transcriptional coregulators for a growing number of signal-activated transcription factors. The members of the p160 family (NCOA1/2/3) are increasingly recognized as essential and nonredundant players in a number of physiological processes. In particular, accumulating evidence points to the pivotal roles that these coregulators play in inflammatory and metabolic pathways, both under homeostasis and in disease. Given that chronic inflammation of metabolic tissues ("metainflammation") is a driving force for the widespread epidemic of obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, and associated comorbidities, deciphering the role of NCOAs in "normal" vs "pathological" inflammation and in metabolic processes is indeed a subject of extreme biomedical importance. Here, we review the evolving and, at times, contradictory, literature on the pleiotropic functions of NCOA1/2/3 in inflammation and metabolism as related to nuclear receptor actions and beyond. We then briefly discuss the potential utility of NCOAs as predictive markers for disease and/or possible therapeutic targets once a better understanding of their molecular and physiological actions is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Rollins
- Hospital for Special Surgery (D.A.R., M.C., I.R.), The David Rosensweig Genomics Center, New York, New York 10021; and Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis (D.A.R., I.R.), Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York 10021
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Hardie DG, Ashford MLJ. AMPK: regulating energy balance at the cellular and whole body levels. Physiology (Bethesda) 2014; 29:99-107. [PMID: 24583766 PMCID: PMC3949207 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00050.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase appears to have evolved in single-celled eukaryotes as an adenine nucleotide sensor that maintains energy homeostasis at the cellular level. However, during evolution of more complex multicellular organisms, the system has adapted to interact with hormones so that it also plays a key role in balancing energy intake and expenditure at the whole body level.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Grahame Hardie
- Division of Cell Signalling & Immunology, College of Life Sciences, and Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine, College of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Qin J, Lee HJ, Wu SP, Lin SC, Lanz RB, Creighton CJ, DeMayo FJ, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ. Androgen deprivation-induced NCoA2 promotes metastatic and castration-resistant prostate cancer. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:5013-26. [PMID: 25295534 DOI: 10.1172/jci76412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A major clinical hurdle for the management of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) in patients is the resistance of tumors to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and their subsequent development into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). While recent studies have identified potential pathways involved in CRPC development, the drivers of CRPC remain largely undefined. Here we determined that nuclear receptor coactivator 2 (NCoA2, also known as SRC-2), which is frequently amplified or overexpressed in patients with metastatic PCa, mediates development of CRPC. In a murine model, overexpression of NCoA2 in the prostate epithelium resulted in neoplasia and, in combination with Pten deletion, promoted the development of metastasis-prone cancer. Moreover, depletion of NCoA2 in PTEN-deficient mice prevented the development of CRPC. In human androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells, androgen signaling suppressed NCoA2 expression, and NCoA2 overexpression in murine prostate tumors resulted in hyperactivation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling, promoting tumor malignance. Analysis of PCa patient samples revealed a strong correlation among NCoA2-mediated signaling, disease progression, and PCa recurrence. Taken together, our findings indicate that androgen deprivation induces NCoA2, which in turn mediates activation of PI3K signaling and promotes PCa metastasis and CRPC development. Moreover, these results suggest that the inhibition of NCoA2 has potential for PCa therapy.
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Dasgupta S, O'Malley BW. Transcriptional coregulators: emerging roles of SRC family of coactivators in disease pathology. J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 53:R47-59. [PMID: 25024406 PMCID: PMC4152414 DOI: 10.1530/jme-14-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional coactivators have evolved as an important new class of functional proteins that participate with virtually all transcription factors and nuclear receptors (NRs) to intricately regulate gene expression in response to a wide variety of environmental cues. Recent findings have highlighted that coactivators are important for almost all biological functions, and consequently, genetic defects can lead to severe pathologies. Drug discovery efforts targeting coactivators may prove valuable for treatment of a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Dasgupta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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40
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Tannour-Louet M, York B, Tang K, Stashi E, Bouguerra H, Zhou S, Yu H, Wong LJC, Stevens RD, Xu J, Newgard CB, O'Malley BW, Louet JF. Hepatic SRC-1 activity orchestrates transcriptional circuitries of amino acid pathways with potential relevance for human metabolic pathogenesis. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:1707-18. [PMID: 25148457 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in amino acid metabolism are increasingly recognized as being associated with, and serving as prognostic markers for chronic human diseases, such as cancer or type 2 diabetes. In the current study, a quantitative metabolomics profiling strategy revealed global impairment in amino acid metabolism in mice deleted for the transcriptional coactivator steroid receptor coactivator (SRC)-1. Aberrations were hepatic in origin, because selective reexpression of SRC-1 in the liver of SRC-1 null mice largely restored amino acids concentrations to normal levels. Cistromic analysis of SRC-1 binding sites in hepatic tissues confirmed a prominent influence of this coregulator on transcriptional programs regulating amino acid metabolism. More specifically, SRC-1 markedly impacted tyrosine levels and was found to regulate the transcriptional activity of the tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) gene, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme of tyrosine catabolism. Consequently, SRC-1 null mice displayed low TAT expression and presented with hypertyrosinemia and corneal alterations, 2 clinical features observed in the human syndrome of TAT deficiency. A heterozygous missense variant of SRC-1 (p.P1272S) that is known to alter its coactivation potential, was found in patients harboring idiopathic tyrosinemia-like disorders and may therefore represent one risk factor for their clinical symptoms. Hence, we reinforce the concept that SRC-1 is a central factor in the fine orchestration of multiple pathways of intermediary metabolism, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target that may be exploitable in human metabolic diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounia Tannour-Louet
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (M.T.-L., B.Y., K.T., E.S., S.Z., J.X., B.W.O., J.-F.L.), Urology (M.T.-L.), and Molecular and Human Genetics (H.Y., L.-J.C.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (R.D.S., C.B.N.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27704; Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathologies (H.B.), Faculty of Mathematical, Physical, and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; and Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (H.B., J.-F.L.), Inserm 1065, Nice 06204, France
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41
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Stashi E, York B, O'Malley BW. Steroid receptor coactivators: servants and masters for control of systems metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:337-47. [PMID: 24953190 PMCID: PMC4108168 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Coregulator recruitment to nuclear receptors (NRs) and other transcription factors is essential for proper metabolic gene regulation, with coactivators enhancing and corepressors attenuating gene transcription. The steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family is composed of three homologous members (SRC-1, SRC-2, and SRC-3), which are uniquely important for mediating steroid hormone and mitogenic actions. An accumulating body of work highlights the diverse array of metabolic functions regulated by the SRCs, including systemic metabolite homeostasis, inflammation, and energy regulation. We discuss here the cooperative and unique functions among the SRCs to provide a comprehensive atlas of systemic SRC metabolic regulation. Deciphering the fractional and synergistic contributions of the SRCs to metabolic homeostasis is crucial to understanding fully the networks underlying metabolic transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Stashi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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42
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Szwarc MM, Kommagani R, Jeong JW, Wu SP, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, O’Malley BW, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP. Perturbing the cellular levels of steroid receptor coactivator-2 impairs murine endometrial function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98664. [PMID: 24905738 PMCID: PMC4048228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As pleiotropic coregulators, members of the p160/steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family control a broad spectrum of transcriptional responses that underpin a diverse array of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Because of their potent coregulator properties, strict controls on SRC expression levels are required to maintain normal tissue functionality. Accordingly, an unwarranted increase in the cellular levels of SRC members has been causally linked to the initiation and/or progression of a number of clinical disorders. Although knockout mouse models have underscored the critical non-redundant roles for each SRC member in vivo, there are surprisingly few mouse models that have been engineered to overexpress SRCs. This deficiency is significant since SRC involvement in many of these disorders is based on unscheduled increases in the levels (rather than the absence) of SRC expression. To address this deficiency, we used recent mouse technology that allows for the targeted expression of human SRC-2 in cells which express the progesterone receptor. Through cre-loxP recombination driven by the endogenous progesterone receptor promoter, a marked elevation in expression levels of human SRC-2 was achieved in endometrial cells that are positive for the progesterone receptor. As a result of this increase in coregulator expression, female mice are severely subfertile due to a dysfunctional uterus, which exhibits a hypersensitivity to estrogen exposure. Our findings strongly support the proposal from clinical observations that increased levels of SRC-2 are causal for a number of endometrial disorders which compromise fertility. Future studies will use this mouse model to decipher the molecular mechanisms that underpin the endometrial defect. We believe such mechanistic insight may provide new molecular descriptors for diagnosis, prognosis, and/or therapy in the clinical management of female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Szwarc
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - San-Pin Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sophia Y. Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ming-Jer Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Francesco J. DeMayo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John P. Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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43
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Baghdasaryan A, Chiba P, Trauner M. Clinical application of transcriptional activators of bile salt transporters. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 37:57-76. [PMID: 24333169 PMCID: PMC4045202 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatobiliary bile salt (BS) transporters are critical determinants of BS homeostasis controlling intracellular concentrations of BSs and their enterohepatic circulation. Genetic or acquired dysfunction of specific transport systems causes intrahepatic and systemic retention of potentially cytotoxic BSs, which, in high concentrations, may disturb integrity of cell membranes and subcellular organelles resulting in cell death, inflammation and fibrosis. Transcriptional regulation of canalicular BS efflux through bile salt export pump (BSEP), basolateral elimination through organic solute transporters alpha and beta (OSTα/OSTβ) as well as inhibition of hepatocellular BS uptake through basolateral Na(+)-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) represent critical steps in protection from hepatocellular BS overload and can be targeted therapeutically. In this article, we review the potential clinical implications of the major BS transporters BSEP, OSTα/OSTβ and NTCP in the pathogenesis of hereditary and acquired cholestatic syndromes, provide an overview on transcriptional control of these transporters by the key regulatory nuclear receptors and discuss the potential therapeutic role of novel transcriptional activators of BS transporters in cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Baghdasaryan
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Chiba
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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44
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Consumption of Soy Protein Isolate Reduces Hepatic SREBP-1c and Lipogenic Gene Expression in Wild-Type Mice, but Not in FXR-Deficient Mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 75:1702-7. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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45
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Kommagani R, Szwarc MM, Kovanci E, Creighton CJ, O'Malley BW, Demayo FJ, Lydon JP. A murine uterine transcriptome, responsive to steroid receptor coactivator-2, reveals transcription factor 23 as essential for decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:75. [PMID: 24571987 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.117531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data from human and mouse studies strongly support an indispensable role for steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2)-a member of the p160/SRC family of coregulators-in progesterone-dependent endometrial stromal cell decidualization, an essential cellular transformation process that regulates invasion of the developing embryo into the maternal compartment. To identify the key progesterone-induced transcriptional changes that are dependent on SRC-2 and required for endometrial decidualization, we performed comparative genome-wide transcriptional profiling of endometrial tissue RNA from ovariectomized SRC-2(flox/flox) (SRC-2(f/f) [control]) and PR(cre/+)/SRC-2(flox/flox) (SRC-2(d/d) [SRC-2-depleted]) mice, acutely treated with vehicle or progesterone. Although data mining revealed that only a small subset of the total progesterone-dependent transcriptional changes is dependent on SRC-2 (∼13%), key genes previously reported to mediate progesterone-driven endometrial stromal cell decidualization are present within this subset. Along with providing a more detailed molecular portrait of the decidual transcriptional program governed by SRC-2, the degree of functional diversity of these progesterone mediators underscores the pleiotropic regulatory role of SRC-2 in this tissue. To showcase the utility of this powerful informational resource to uncover novel signaling paradigms, we stratified the total SRC-2-dependent subset of progesterone-induced transcriptional changes in terms of novel gene expression and identified transcription factor 23 (Tcf23), a basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor, as a new progesterone-induced target gene that requires SRC-2 for full induction. Importantly, using primary human endometrial stromal cells in culture, we demonstrate that TCF23 function is essential for progesterone-dependent decidualization, providing crucial translational support for this transcription factor as a new decidual mediator of progesterone action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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46
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Astapova I, Ramadoss P, Costa-e-Sousa RH, Ye F, Holtz KA, Li Y, Niepel MW, Cohen DE, Hollenberg AN. Hepatic nuclear corepressor 1 regulates cholesterol absorption through a TRβ1-governed pathway. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:1976-86. [PMID: 24713658 DOI: 10.1172/jci73419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional coregulators are important components of nuclear receptor (NR) signaling machinery and provide additional mechanisms for modulation of NR activity. Expression of a mutated nuclear corepressor 1 (NCoR1) that lacks 2 NR interacting domains (NCoRΔID) in the liver leads to elevated expression of genes regulated by thyroid hormone receptor (TR) and liver X receptor (LXR), both of which control hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that expression of NCoRΔID in mouse liver improves dietary cholesterol tolerance in an LXRα-independent manner. NCoRΔID-associated cholesterol tolerance was primarily due to diminished intestinal cholesterol absorption as the result of changes in the composition and hydrophobicity of the bile salt pool. Alterations of the bile salt pool were mediated by increased expression of genes encoding the bile acid metabolism enzymes CYP27A1 and CYP3A11 as well as canalicular bile salt pump ABCB11. We have determined that these genes are regulated by thyroid hormone and that TRβ1 is recruited to their regulatory regions. Together, these data indicate that interactions between NCoR1 and TR control a specific pathway involved in regulation of cholesterol metabolism and clearance.
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47
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Stashi E, Lanz RB, Mao J, Michailidis G, Zhu B, Kettner NM, Putluri N, Reineke EL, Reineke LC, Dasgupta S, Dean A, Stevenson CR, Sivasubramanian N, Sreekumar A, Demayo F, York B, Fu L, O'Malley BW. SRC-2 is an essential coactivator for orchestrating metabolism and circadian rhythm. Cell Rep 2014; 6:633-45. [PMID: 24529706 PMCID: PMC4096300 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Synchrony of the mammalian circadian clock is achieved by complex transcriptional and translational feedback loops centered on the BMAL1:CLOCK heterodimer. Modulation of circadian feedback loops is essential for maintaining rhythmicity, yet the role of transcriptional coactivators in driving BMAL1:CLOCK transcriptional networks is largely unexplored. Here, we show diurnal hepatic steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC-2) recruitment to the genome that extensively overlaps with the BMAL1 cistrome during the light phase, targeting genes that enrich for circadian and metabolic processes. Notably, SRC-2 ablation impairs wheel-running behavior, alters circadian gene expression in several peripheral tissues, alters the rhythmicity of the hepatic metabolome, and deregulates the synchronization of cell-autonomous metabolites. We identify SRC-2 as a potent coregulator of BMAL1:CLOCK and find that SRC-2 targets itself with BMAL1:CLOCK in a feedforward loop. Collectively, our data suggest that SRC-2 is a transcriptional coactivator of the BMAL1:CLOCK oscillators and establish SRC-2 as a critical positive regulator of the mammalian circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Stashi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rainer B Lanz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianqiang Mao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George Michailidis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, 500 South State Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bokai Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicole M Kettner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Erin L Reineke
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lucas C Reineke
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Subhamoy Dasgupta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Adam Dean
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Connor R Stevenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX 78212-7200, USA
| | - Natarajan Sivasubramanian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arun Sreekumar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Francesco Demayo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Loning Fu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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48
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Thyroid hormone signaling in vivo requires a balance between coactivators and corepressors. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:1564-75. [PMID: 24550004 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00129-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH), a human syndrome, is characterized by high thyroid hormone (TH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Mice with mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor beta (TRβ) gene that cannot bind steroid receptor coactivator 1 (SRC-1) and Src-1(-/-) mice both have phenotypes similar to that of RTH. Conversely, mice expressing a mutant nuclear corepressor 1 (Ncor1) allele that cannot interact with TRβ, termed NCoRΔID, have low TH levels and normal TSH. We hypothesized that Src-1(-/-) mice have RTH due to unopposed corepressor action. To test this, we crossed NCoRΔID and Src-1(-/-) mice to create mice deficient for coregulator action in all cell types. Remarkably, NCoR(ΔID/ΔID) Src-1(-/-) mice have normal TH and TSH levels and are triiodothryonine (T(3)) sensitive at the level of the pituitary. Although absence of SRC-1 prevented T(3) activation of key hepatic gene targets, NCoR(ΔID/ΔID) Src-1(-/-) mice reacquired hepatic T(3) sensitivity. Using in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation assays (ChIP) for the related coactivator SRC-2, we found enhanced SRC-2 recruitment to TR-binding regions of genes in NCoR(ΔID/ΔID) Src-1(-/-) mice, suggesting that SRC-2 is responsible for T(3) sensitivity in the absence of NCoR1 and SRC-1. Thus, T(3) targets require a critical balance between NCoR1 and SRC-1. Furthermore, replacement of NCoR1 with NCoRΔID corrects RTH in Src-1(-/-) mice through increased SRC-2 recruitment to T(3) target genes.
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49
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Lien F, Berthier A, Bouchaert E, Gheeraert C, Alexandre J, Porez G, Prawitt J, Dehondt H, Ploton M, Colin S, Lucas A, Patrice A, Pattou F, Diemer H, Van Dorsselaer A, Rachez C, Kamilic J, Groen AK, Staels B, Lefebvre P. Metformin interferes with bile acid homeostasis through AMPK-FXR crosstalk. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:1037-51. [PMID: 24531544 DOI: 10.1172/jci68815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is an important transcriptional regulator of bile acid, lipid, and glucose metabolism. FXR is highly expressed in the liver and intestine and controls the synthesis and enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. However, little is known about FXR-associated proteins that contribute to metabolic regulation. Here, we performed a mass spectrometry-based search for FXR-interacting proteins in human hepatoma cells and identified AMPK as a coregulator of FXR. FXR interacted with the nutrient-sensitive kinase AMPK in the cytoplasm of target cells and was phosphorylated in its hinge domain. In cultured human and murine hepatocytes and enterocytes, pharmacological activation of AMPK inhibited FXR transcriptional activity and prevented FXR coactivator recruitment to promoters of FXR-regulated genes. Furthermore, treatment with AMPK activators, including the antidiabetic biguanide metformin, inhibited FXR agonist induction of FXR target genes in mouse liver and intestine. In a mouse model of intrahepatic cholestasis, metformin treatment induced FXR phosphorylation, perturbed bile acid homeostasis, and worsened liver injury. Together, our data indicate that AMPK directly phosphorylates and regulates FXR transcriptional activity to precipitate liver injury under conditions favoring cholestasis.
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50
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Kommagani R, Szwarc MM, Kovanci E, Gibbons WE, Putluri N, Maity S, Creighton CJ, Sreekumar A, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP, O'Malley BW. Acceleration of the glycolytic flux by steroid receptor coactivator-2 is essential for endometrial decidualization. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003900. [PMID: 24204309 PMCID: PMC3812085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Early embryo miscarriage is linked to inadequate endometrial decidualization, a cellular transformation process that enables deep blastocyst invasion into the maternal compartment. Although much of the cellular events that underpin endometrial stromal cell (ESC) decidualization are well recognized, the individual gene(s) and molecular pathways that drive the initiation and progression of this process remain elusive. Using a genetic mouse model and a primary human ESC culture model, we demonstrate that steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2) is indispensable for rapid steroid hormone-dependent proliferation of ESCs, a critical cell-division step which precedes ESC terminal differentiation into decidual cells. We reveal that SRC-2 is required for increasing the glycolytic flux in human ESCs, which enables rapid proliferation to occur during the early stages of the decidualization program. Specifically, SRC-2 increases the glycolytic flux through induction of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), a major rate-limiting glycolytic enzyme. Similarly, acute treatment of mice with a small molecule inhibitor of PFKFB3 significantly suppressed the ability of these animals to exhibit an endometrial decidual response. Together, these data strongly support a conserved mechanism of action by which SRC-2 accelerates the glycolytic flux through PFKFB3 induction to provide the necessary bioenergy and biomass to meet the demands of a high proliferation rate observed in ESCs prior to their differentiation into decidual cells. Because deregulation of endometrial SRC-2 expression has been associated with common gynecological disorders of reproductive-age women, this signaling pathway, involving SRC-2 and PFKFB3, promises to offer new clinical approaches in the diagnosis and/or treatment of a non-receptive uterus in patients presenting idiopathic infertility, recurrent early pregnancy loss, or increased time to pregnancy. Failure of an embryo to correctly implant into the endometrium is a common cause of pregnancy failure or early embryo miscarriage. Although advances in our understanding of oocyte and embryo development have significantly increased pregnancy success rates, these rates remain unacceptably low due in part to an endometrium that is unreceptive to embryo implantation. Using experimental mouse genetics and a primary human cell culture model, we show here that the development of a receptive endometrium requires steroid receptor coactivator-2, a factor which modulates the response of an endometrial cell to the pregnancy hormone, progesterone. Specifically, we show that SRC-2 increases progesterone-dependent glycolysis in the endometrial cell to provide energy and biomolecules for the next round of cell division. For an endometrium to be receptive to embryo implantation, specific endometrial cells (termed stromal cells) need to divide and numerically increase just prior to development of the receptive state. Therefore, SRC-2 is critical for the metabolic reprogramming of the endometrium to a receptive state, which provides the pretext for considering this factor and its metabolic targets in the design of future clinical approaches to diagnose and therapeutically treat those women at a high risk for early pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maria M. Szwarc
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ertug Kovanci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - William E. Gibbons
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Suman Maity
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chad J. Creighton
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Arun Sreekumar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Francesco J. DeMayo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John P. Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JPL); (BWO)
| | - Bert W. O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JPL); (BWO)
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