Irreversibility analysis of an unsteady micropolar CNT-blood nanofluid flow through a squeezing channel with activation energy-Application in drug delivery

The computational model of nanofluid considering heat transfer and entropy generation across a curved and flat surface

The entropy generation analysis for the nanofluid flowing over a stretching/shrinking curved region is performed in the existence of the cross-diffusion effect. The surface is also subjected to second-order velocity slip under the effect of mixed convection. The Joule heating that contributes significantly to the heat transfer properties of nanofluid is incorporated along with the heat source/sink. Furthermore, the flow is assumed to be governed by an exterior magnetic field that aids in gaining control over the flow speed. With these frameworks, the mathematical model that describes the flow with such characteristics and assumptions is framed using partial differential equations (PDEs). The bvp4c solver is used to numerically solve the system of non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that are created from these equations. The solutions of obtained through this technique are verified with the available articles and the comparison is tabulated. Meanwhile, the interpretation of the results of this study is delivered through graphs. The findings showed that the Bejan number was decreased by increasing Brinkman number values whereas it enhanced the entropy generation. Also, as the curvature parameter goes higher, the speed of the nanofluid flow diminishes. Furthermore, the increase in the Soret and Dufour effects have enhanced the thermal conduction and the mass transfer of the nanofluid.

Thermodynamic irreversibility effects with Marangoni convection for third grade nanofluid flow

In this study, an analysis was performed to investigate the thermal and mass transport of radiative flow of a third-grade nanofluid with magnetohydrodynamic. The analysis concerns two-dimensional flow around an infinite disk. Heat transport is studied via heat generation/absorption, thermal radiation and Joule heating. Chemical reaction with activation energy is also considered. The nanofluid characteristics, including Brownian motion and thermophoretic diffusion, are explored via the Buongiorno model. Entropy analysis is also conducted. Moreover, the surface tension is assumed to be a linear function of concentration and temperature. Through adequate dimensionless variables, governed PDEs are non-dimensionlized and then tackled by ND-solve (a numerical method in Mathematica) for solutions purposes. Entropy generation, concentration, velocity, Bejan number and temperature are plotted as functions of the involved physical parameters. It is noticed that higher Marangoni number intensify velocity however it causes a decrease in the temperature. Entropy rate and Bejan number boost for large value of diffusion parameter.

Mathematical analysis of nonlinear thermal radiation and nanoparticle aggregation on unsteady MHD flow of micropolar nanofluid over shrinking sheet

Significance of study

Typical liquids aren't great for engineering because of their low heat conductivity. To enhance heat transfer capabilities in industries as diverse as computers, pharmaceuticals, and molten metals, researchers and scientists have developed nanofluids, which are composed of nanoparticles distributed in a base fluid.

Aim of study

Mathematical modeling of micropolar C u - H 2 O nanofluid driven by a deformable sheet in the stagnation area with nanoparticle aggregation, thermal radiation, and the mass suction action has been investigated in this paper. In this case, copper ( C u ) nanoparticles make up the nanofluid.

Method

ology: We have used suitable transformations to arrive at a system of nonlinear ODEs, which we then solve numerically in MATHEMATICA using Runge-Kutta methods of the fourth order coupled with shooting approaches.

Findings

Tables and graphs are used to examine the effects of immersed flow and display profiles of physical parameters of interest. This includes velocities, temperatures, skin friction, and Nusselt numbers. The average heat transfer rate increased to 17 . 725 % as the volume percentage of copper nanoparticles in micropolar nanofluid increased from 0.0 to 0.01 . Additionally, the results showed that the local Nusselt number of the micropolar nanofluid increased along with an increase in the unsteady and radiation parameters. However, its value is reduced in an undeniable fashion if a material parameter is present. The impact of radiation on the aggregation of nanoparticles is compared and contrasted with the effects of a non-radiative scenario, and the resulting fluctuations in Nusselt numbers are provided in tables. When the results of this study were compared to data that had already been published about some cases, a lot of agreement was found.