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Dias Barroso FD, da Silva LJ, Queiroz HA, do Amaral Valente Sá LG, da Silva AR, da Silva CR, de Andrade Neto JB, Cavalcanti BC, de Moraes MO, Pinazo A, Pérez L, Nobre Júnior HV. Biosurfactant complexed with arginine has antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:667-679. [PMID: 38864708 PMCID: PMC11259079 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study investigated the antimicrobial effectiveness of a rhamnolipid complexed with arginine (RLMIX_Arg) against planktonic cells and biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methodology: Susceptibility testing was performed using the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute protocol: M07-A10, checkerboard test, biofilm in plates and catheters and flow cytometry were used. Result: RLMIX_Arg has bactericidal and synergistic activity with oxacillin. RLMIX_Arg inhibits the formation of MRSA biofilms on plates at sub-inhibitory concentrations and has antibiofilm action against MRSA in peripheral venous catheters. Catheters impregnated with RLMIX_Arg reduce the formation of MRSA biofilms. Conclusion: RLMIX_Arg exhibits potential for application in preventing infections related to methicillin-resistant S. aureus biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Daiana Dias Barroso
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Juvêncio da Silva
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Helaine Almeida Queiroz
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Cecília Rocha da Silva
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Aurora Pinazo
- Department of Surfactants & Nanobiotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Pérez
- Department of Surfactants & Nanobiotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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2
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da Silva CR, Sá LGDAV, Andrade Neto JBD, Barroso FDD, Cabral VPDF, Rodrigues DS, da Silva LJ, Lima ISP, Pérez L, Ramos da Silva A, Moreira DR, Ricardo NMPS, Nobre HV. Antimicrobial potential of a biosurfactant gel for the prevention of mixed biofilms formed by fluconazole-resistant C. albicans and methicillin-resistant S. aureus in catheters. BIOFOULING 2024; 40:165-176. [PMID: 38425095 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2324028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Dual-species biofilms formed by Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus have high virulence and drug resistance. In this context, biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been widely studied, of which a new derivative (RLmix_Arg) stands out for possible application in formulations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of RLmix_Arg, both alone and incorporated in a gel prepared with Pluronic F-127, against dual-species biofilms of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans (FRCA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in impregnated catheters. Broth microdilution tests, MTT reduction assays of mature biofilms, impregnation of RLmix_Arg and its gel in peripheral venous catheters, durability tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. RLmix_Arg showed antimicrobial activity against Candida spp. and S. aureus, by reducing the cell viability of mixed biofilms of FRCA and MRSA, and preventing their formation in a peripheral venous catheter. The incorporation of this biosurfactant in the Pluronic F-127 gel considerably enhanced its antibiofilm activity. Thus, RLmix_Arg has potential application in gels for impregnation in peripheral venous catheters, helping to prevent development of dual-species biofilms of FRCA and MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Rocha da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fátima Daiana Dias Barroso
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Juvêncio da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Iri Sandro Pampolha Lima
- Departament of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Barbalha, CE, Brazil
| | - Lourdes Pérez
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Denise Ramos Moreira
- Laboratory of Polymers and Materials Innovation, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Sciences Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Nágila Maria Pontes Silva Ricardo
- Laboratory of Polymers and Materials Innovation, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Sciences Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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3
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Fait ME, Grillo PD, Garrote GL, Prieto ED, Vázquez RF, Saparrat MCN, Morcelle SR. Biocidal and antibiofilm activities of arginine-based surfactants against Candida isolates. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1083-1102. [PMID: 37382761 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Amino-acid-based surfactants are a group of compounds that resemble natural amphiphiles and thus are expected to have a low impact on the environment, owing to either the mode of surfactant production or its means of disposal. Within this context, arginine-based tensioactives have gained particular interest, since their cationic nature-in combination with their amphiphilic character-enables them to act as broad-spectrum biocides. This capability is based mainly on their interactive affinity for the microbial envelope that alters the latter's structure and ultimately its function. In the work reported here, we investigated the efficiency of Nα-benzoyl arginine decyl- and dodecylamide against Candida spp. to further our understanding of the antifungal mechanism involved. For the assays, both a Candida albicans and a Candida tropicalis clinical isolates along with a C. albicans-collection strain were used as references. As expected, both arginine-based compounds proved to be effective against the strains tested through inhibiting both the planktonic and the sessile growth. Furthermore, atomic force microscopy techniques and lipid monolayer experiments enabled us to gain insight into the effect of the surfactant on the cellular envelope. The results demonstrated that all the yeasts treated exhibited changes in their exomorphologic structure, with respect to alterations in both roughness and stiffness, relative to the nontreated ones. This finding-in addition to the amphiphiles' proven ability to insert themselves within this model fungal membrane-could explain the changes in the yeast-membrane permeability that could be linked to viability loss and mixed-vesicle release.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elisa Fait
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIProVe-UNLP-Centro Asociado CICPBA), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Centro Asociado CICPBA, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Patricia D Grillo
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIProVe-UNLP-Centro Asociado CICPBA), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Centro Asociado CICPBA, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela L Garrote
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA, CONICET-UNLP-CICPBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eduardo D Prieto
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, UNLP, CCT-La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
- Instituto Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina F Vázquez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT-La Plata, CONICET, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mario C N Saparrat
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE-CONICET-UNLP) and Cátedra de Microbiología Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Susana R Morcelle
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIProVe-UNLP-Centro Asociado CICPBA), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Centro Asociado CICPBA, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Jörgensen AM, Wibel R, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Biodegradable Cationic and Ionizable Cationic Lipids: A Roadmap for Safer Pharmaceutical Excipients. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206968. [PMID: 36610004 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cationic and ionizable cationic lipids are broadly applied as auxiliary agents, but their use is associated with adverse effects. If these excipients are rapidly degraded to endogenously occurring metabolites such as amino acids and fatty acids, their toxic potential can be minimized. So far, synthesized and evaluated biodegradable cationic and ionizable cationic lipids already showed promising results in terms of functionality and safety. Within this review, an overview about the different types of such biodegradable lipids, the available building blocks, their synthesis and cleavage by endogenous enzymes is provided. Moreover, the relationship between the structure of the lipids and their toxicity is described. Their application in drug delivery systems is critically discussed and placed in context with the lead compounds used in mRNA vaccines. Moreover, their use as preservatives is reviewed, guidance for their design is provided, and an outlook on future developments is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Matteo Jörgensen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Richard Wibel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
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Perez L, Hafidi Z, Pinazo A, García MT, Martín-Pastor M, de Sousa FFO. Zein Nanoparticles Containing Arginine-Phenylalanine-Based Surfactants: Stability, Antimicrobial and Hemolytic Activity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:200. [PMID: 36616110 PMCID: PMC9824401 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although cationic surfactants have a remarkable antimicrobial activity, they present an intrinsic toxicity that discourages their usage. In this work novel zein nanoparticles loaded with arginine-phenylalanine-based surfactants are presented. The nanoparticles were loaded with two single polar head (LAM and PNHC12) and two with double amino acid polar head surfactants, arginine-phenylalanine (C12PAM, PANHC12). The formulations were characterized and their stability checked up to 365 days. Furthermore, the antimicrobial and hemolytic activities were investigated. Finally, NMR and molecular docking studies were carried out to elucidate the possible interaction mechanisms of surfactant-zein. The nanoparticles were obtained with satisfactory size, zeta potential and dispersibility. The surfactants containing arginine-phenylalanine residues were found to be more stable. The nanoencapsulation maintained the antimicrobial activities unaltered in comparison to the surfactants' solutions. These results are in agreement with the NMR and docking findings, suggesting that zein interacts with the surfactants by the aromatic rings of phenylalanine. As a result, the cationic charges and part of the aliphatic chains are freely available to attack the bacteria and fungi, while not available to disrupt the cellular membranes. This approach opens new possibilities for using cationic surfactants and benefits from their extraordinary antimicrobial responses for several applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Perez
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zakaria Hafidi
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Pinazo
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa García
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Martín-Pastor
- Unidad de Resonancia Magnética, Área de Infraestructuras de Investigación, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain
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6
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Pérez L, García MT, Pinazo A, Pérez-Matas E, Hafidi Z, Bautista E. Cationic Surfactants Based on Arginine-Phenylalanine and Arginine-Tryptophan: Synthesis, Aggregation Behavior, Antimicrobial Activity, and Biodegradation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2602. [PMID: 36559096 PMCID: PMC9784262 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic surfactants have great potential as drug vehicles and for use in gene therapy (cationic vesicles made from cationic surfactants can encapsulate RNA or DNA for cellular transfer). They can also be used as antimicrobial and antifungal agents to treat human infections. In an era of increasing antimicrobial resistance, the development of new biocompatible surfactants suitable for application as antimicrobial agents is of high interest. In this work, a library of amino acid-based surfactants was synthesized, characterized and tested for antimicrobial activity. The head group architecture (number and type of amino acids, density of cationic charge, ionic character) and the hydrophobic moiety (alkyl chain length and position of the hydrophobic group) were systematically modified, and the effect on the surfactant biological and aggregation behavior was studied. Thus, the pKa values, micellization process, antimicrobial efficiency and biodegradability were evaluated. The critical micelle concentration values of the surfactants depended on their hydrophobic character, but changes in the polar head as well as the position and length of the alkyl chain also significantly affected activity against some of the tested microorganisms. Moreover, biodegradability was closely related to the hydrophobic character of the surfactant and attachment of the alkyl chain to the polar head. The structure-activity relationships established here may open perspectives for the design of effective biodegradable antimicrobial materials that can overcome emerging resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Pérez
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Guanidine-Containing Antifungal Agents against Human-Relevant Fungal Pathogens (2004-2022)-A Review. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8101085. [PMID: 36294650 PMCID: PMC9605545 DOI: 10.3390/jof8101085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The guanidine moiety is typically a highly basic group, and can be found in a wide variety of drugs, such as zanamivir (Relenza) and metformin (Fortamet), as well as in biologically active compounds for numerous disease areas, including central nervous system (CNS) diseases and chemotherapeutics. This review will focus on antifungal agents which contain at least one guanidine group, for the treatment of human-related fungal pathogens, described in the literature between 2004 and 2022. These compounds include small molecules, steroids, polymers, metal complexes, sesquiterpenes, natural products, and polypeptides. It shall be made clear that a diverse range of guanidine-containing derivatives have been published in the literature and have antifungal activity, including efficacy in in vivo experiments.
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Dinu A, Apetrei C. A Review of Sensors and Biosensors Modified with Conducting Polymers and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Used in Electrochemical Detection of Amino Acids: Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, and Tryptophan. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1218. [PMID: 35163145 PMCID: PMC8835779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the studies on developing sensors and biosensors-with an obvious interdisciplinary character-have drawn the attention of many researchers specializing in various fundamental, but also complex domains such as chemistry, biochemistry, physics, biophysics, biology, bio-pharma-medicine, and bioengineering. Along these lines, the present paper is structured into three parts, and is aimed at synthesizing the most relevant studies on the construction and functioning of versatile devices, of electrochemical sensors and biosensors, respectively. The first part presents examples of the most representative scientific research focusing on the role and the importance of the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan amino acids, selected depending on their chemical structure and their impact on the central nervous system. The second part is dedicated to presenting and exemplifying conductor polymers and molecularly imprinted polymers used as sensitive materials in achieving electrochemical sensors and biosensors. The last part of the review analyzes the sensors and biosensors developed so far to detect amino acids with the aid of conductor polymers and molecularly imprinted polymers from the point of view of the performances obtained, with emphasis on the detection methods, on the electrochemical reactions that take place upon detection, and on the electroanalytical performances. The present study was carried out with a view to highlighting, for the benefit of specialists in medicine and pharmacy, the possibility of achieving and purchasing efficient devices that might be used in the quality control of medicines, as well as in studying and monitoring diseases associated with these amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Constantin Apetrei
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, RO-800008 Galati, Romania;
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Kodeš Z, Vrublevskaya M, Kulišová M, Jaroš P, Paldrychová M, Pádrová K, Lokočová K, Palyzová A, Maťátková O, Kolouchová I. Composition and Biological Activity of Vitis vinifera Winter Cane Extract on Candida Biofilm. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112391. [PMID: 34835515 PMCID: PMC8622486 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitis vinifera canes are waste material of grapevine pruning and thus represent cheap source of high-value polyphenols. In view of the fact that resistance of many pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics is a growing problem, the antimicrobial activity of plant polyphenols is studied as one of the possible approaches. We have investigated the total phenolic content, composition, antioxidant activity, and antifungal activity against Candida biofilm of an extract from winter canes and a commercially available extract from blue grapes. Light microscopy and confocal microscopy imaging as well as crystal violet staining were used to quantify and visualize the biofilm. We found a decrease in cell adhesion to the surface depending on the concentration of resveratrol in the cane extract. The biofilm formation was observed as metabolic activity of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei biofilm cells and the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations were determined. The highest inhibition of metabolic activity was observed in Candida albicans biofilm after treatment with the cane extract (30 mg/L) and blue grape extract (50 mg/L). The composition of cane extract was analyzed and found to be comparatively different from blue grape extract. In addition, the content of total phenolic groups in cane extract was three-times higher (12.75 gGA/L). The results showed that cane extract was more effective in preventing biofilm formation than blue grape extract and winter canes have proven to be a potential source of polyphenols for antimicrobial and antibiofilm treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Kodeš
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.K.); (M.V.); (M.K.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (O.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Maria Vrublevskaya
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.K.); (M.V.); (M.K.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (O.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Markéta Kulišová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.K.); (M.V.); (M.K.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (O.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Petr Jaroš
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Martina Paldrychová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.K.); (M.V.); (M.K.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (O.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Karolína Pádrová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.K.); (M.V.); (M.K.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (O.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Kristýna Lokočová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.K.); (M.V.); (M.K.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (O.M.); (I.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Palyzová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Olga Maťátková
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.K.); (M.V.); (M.K.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (O.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Irena Kolouchová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.K.); (M.V.); (M.K.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (O.M.); (I.K.)
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