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DeSerisy M, Salas L, Akhundova E, Pena D, Cohen JW, Pagliaccio D, Herbstman J, Rauh V, Margolis AE. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure effects on trajectories of maternal and adolescent mental health. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:114. [PMID: 39261930 PMCID: PMC11391764 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental psychological distress is a well-known risk factor for developmental psychopathology, with longer term parental distress associated with worse youth mental health. Neurotoxicant exposure during pregnancy is a risk factor for both poor maternal and youth mental health. The impact of one class of pollutant, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), on long-term trajectories of maternal distress and youth self-reported mental health symptoms in adolescence has been understudied. METHODS PAH exposure was measured by DNA adducts in maternal blood sampled during the third trimester of pregnancy. Maternal distress, operationalized as maternal demoralization, was measured at 11 timepoints (prenatal to child age 16). Adolescent mental health symptoms were measured at age 13-15. Follow up analyses examined a subset of measures available at age 15-20 years. Structural equation modeling examined associations between PAH exposure during pregnancy and latent growth metrics of maternal distress, and between maternal distress (intercept and slope) and youth mental health symptoms in a prospective longitudinal birth cohort (N = 564 dyads). RESULTS Higher prenatal PAH exposure was associated with higher concurrent maternal distress. Prenatal maternal distress was associated with adolescent's self-reported anxiety, depression, and externalizing problems. On average, maternal distress declined over time; a slower decline in mother's distress across the course of the child's life was associated with greater self-reported anxiety and externalizing problems in youth. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are consistent with an intergenerational framework of environmental effects on mental health: PAH exposure during pregnancy affects maternal mental health, which in turn influences mental health outcomes for youth well into adolescence. Future research is necessary to elucidate the possible social and biological mechanisms (e.g., parenting, epigenetics) underlying the intergenerational transmission of the negative effects of pollution on mental health in caregiver-child dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah DeSerisy
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Leilani Salas
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Emiliya Akhundova
- Columbia College, Columbia University, 1130 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Dahiana Pena
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jacob W Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - David Pagliaccio
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Julie Herbstman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Virginia Rauh
- Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Amy E Margolis
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Topaz E, Perl L, Raphael I, Sheppes T, Erez G, Israeli G, Segev-Becker A, Oren A, Shechner T. Mental health and timing of gender-related events among transgender and gender-diverse children and adolescents seeking gender-affirming consultation and care. Psychiatry Res 2024; 342:116175. [PMID: 39278194 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth encounter unique challenges affecting their mental health, largely related to societal stigma and gender dysphoria. Limited research considers the specific needs of TGD youth. This study examined demographic and developmental factors, including the ages at which gender-related events occur, and their relationship to mental health among TGD youth seeking gender-affirming consultation and care (GACC). We examined the medical records of 674 TGD children and adolescents, comparing demographics, gender-related events, and mental health across gender groups. The total sample comprised 261 patients assigned male at birth, and 413 patients assigned female at birth. Non-binary individuals reported higher rates of psychopathology compared to binary transgender patients, with transgender boys exhibiting higher rates than transgender girls. Seeking GACC at a more advanced pubertal stage and older age was associated with an increased likelihood of psychopathology. Later recollection of first gender incongruence memory was correlated with higher rates of depression and anxiety. Finally, socioeconomic status was linked to GACC healthcare-seeking behaviors. These findings underscore the importance of recognizing the diverse experiences and needs of TGD youth seeking GACC services, highlighting that early identification and access to care may be crucial for improving mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Topaz
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Liat Perl
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Raphael
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tamar Sheppes
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Galit Erez
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Psychiatry Division, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Galit Israeli
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Segev-Becker
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Asaf Oren
- The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tomer Shechner
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Elgar FJ, Pförtner TK, Rothwell D. Socioeconomic differences and global trends in youth wellbeing and emotional distress in 165 countries and territories. Health Place 2024; 89:103322. [PMID: 39084116 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Social stratifications in youth wellbeing are a concern for social policy. Using data from the Gallup World Poll (2009-2022), we examined time trends and income differences in youth wellbeing and their associations with area-level income and income inequality. Results showed that a growing proportion of youth have experienced emotional distress in recent years, and this trend disproportionately affected youth at lower incomes. Higher income inequality relates to lower life satisfaction and larger income differences in life satisfaction. Socioeconomic inequality in youth wellbeing underscores the need for coordinated policy actions that reduce economic inequality and its impacts on youth wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Elgar
- School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 1G1.
| | - Timo-Kolja Pförtner
- Research Methods Division, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Cologne, Gronewaldstraße 2, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Rothwell
- School of Human Development and Family Sciences, Oregon State University, 160 SW 26th Street, Corvallis, OR, USA, 97331
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Gül H, Haney MÖ. Associations of health literacy and sleep quality with depressive symptoms in Turkish adolescents: A descriptive cross-sectional study. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 79:9-15. [PMID: 39178755 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the associations of health literacy and sleep quality with depressive symptoms in adolescents. DESIGN AND METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 1081 high school students in Turkey. The data were collected online using the Health Literacy for School-Aged Children Scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children. The chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data obtained from the scales. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms, sleep problems, and low health literacy was 78.4%, 70.6%, and 11.3%, respectively. Sleep problems were significantly positively correlated with depressive symptoms (OR = 4.187, 95% CI: 2.998 -5.848). The students who were experiencing sleep problems and had low health literacy were at risk of the most severe depressive symptoms (OR = 12.696, 95% CI: 5.122-31.474). CONCLUSIONS Overall, depressive symptoms and sleep problems were common among the adolescents in the study sample. The students who had sleep problems and low health literacy were at an increased risk for depressive symptoms. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS To prevent mental health problems in adolescents, intervention programs focused on increasing the health literacy levels and improving sleep quality in this population are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiranur Gül
- Health Science Instutite, Dokuz Eylul University. İzmir, Turkey
| | - Meryem Öztürk Haney
- Public Health Nursing Department, Nursing Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Garcia AR, Barnhart S, López DJ, Karcher NR. Do Ethnic Identity, Familial, and Community Contexts Impact the Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Psychopathology Among Latinx Adolescents? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:S0890-8567(24)01321-2. [PMID: 39153718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.07.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have explored the interplay of how individual identity, parental, familial, and contextual factors impact associations between Latinx adolescent adversities and psychopathology. This study aimed to examine whether these factors mediate the relationship between adversities and psychopathology in Latinx youth. METHOD Latinx youth (n = 2,411) data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were used to examine path models with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) as the predictor and either youth- or caregiver-rated internalizing/externalizing scores over 4 timepoints as the outcome (ages 9-13 years). Models examined 3 potential mediators: (1) ethnic identity, (2) familial context (comprising parental monitoring, family conflict, and caregiver acceptance), and (3) community cohesion. Models were conducted separately for internalizing and externalizing symptoms. RESULTS Greater adversity was associated with greater youth- and caregiver-rated internalizing/externalizing psychopathology over time. Greater adversity was associated with lower family functioning and lower ethnic identity, and greater family functioning was associated with lower psychopathology. Family functioning mediated associations between adversity and psychopathology over time (youth-reported internalizing: 95% CI = 0.012-0.019; youth-reported externalizing: 95% CI = 0.020-0.028). In contrast, there was not strong evidence for ethnic identity and community cohesion mediating associations between adversities and psychopathology over time. CONCLUSION Unlike previous studies, ethnic identity did not influence the relationship between ACEs and psychopathology over time. Additional research is needed to identify whether possible tensions rise as Latinx youth acculturate into US culture and achieve optimal levels of ethnic identity formation. Providers need to assess specific Latinx parental and familial contexts that may interfere with youth identity formation.
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Lintula S, Sourander A, Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki S, Ristkari T, Kinnunen M, Kurki M, Marjamäki A, Gyllenberg D, Kim H, Baumel A. Enrollment and completion rates of a nationwide guided digital parenting program for children with disruptive behavior before and during COVID-19. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02523-6. [PMID: 39141106 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Our aim was to study enrollment and completion levels for the internet-based and telephone-assisted Finnish Strongest Families Smart Website (SFSW) parent training intervention, for parents of young children with disruptive behavior before and after the COVID-19 lockdown period. Population-based screening was carried out on 39,251 children during routine check- ups at 4 years of age. The parents of children scoring at least 5 on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were assessed against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Associations with enrollment or completion were analyzed using logistic regression models. The effects of COVID-19 restrictions on these were estimated using interrupted timeseries analysis. Of 39,251 families, 4894 screened positive and met the eligibility criteria. Of those, 3068 (62.6%) decided to enroll in the SFSW program and 2672 (87.1%) of those families completed it. The highest level of disruptive behavior (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.12-1.57, p < 0.001) and overall severity of difficulties (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.91-2.57, p < 0.001) were independently associated with enrollment. Higher parental education was associated with enrollment and completion. Higher paternal age was associated with enrollment, and parent depressive symptoms with non-completion. The SFSW enrollment did not significantly change following the COVID-19 restrictions, while the completion rate increased (COVID-19 completion OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.22-2.50, p = 0.002). Guided digital parenting interventions increase the sustainability of services, by addressing the child mental health treatment gap and ensuring service consistency during crisis situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakari Lintula
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, Teutori 3rd Floor, 20014, Turku, Finland
- INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Andre Sourander
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, Teutori 3rd Floor, 20014, Turku, Finland.
- INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Susanna Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, Teutori 3rd Floor, 20014, Turku, Finland
- INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Terja Ristkari
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, Teutori 3rd Floor, 20014, Turku, Finland
- INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Malin Kinnunen
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, Teutori 3rd Floor, 20014, Turku, Finland
- INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marjo Kurki
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, Teutori 3rd Floor, 20014, Turku, Finland
- INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- ITLA Children's Foundation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Altti Marjamäki
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, Teutori 3rd Floor, 20014, Turku, Finland
- INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - David Gyllenberg
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, Teutori 3rd Floor, 20014, Turku, Finland
- INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hyoun Kim
- Department of Child and Family Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Amit Baumel
- Department of Community Mental Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Seo YH, Osborne RH, Kwak Y, Ahn JW. Validity testing of the Korean version of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) and its application in people with chronic diseases. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308086. [PMID: 39088442 PMCID: PMC11293725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Health literacy plays a crucial role in promoting and maintaining the health of patients with chronic illnesses. Therefore, adequate assessments and the application of interventions based on people's health literacy strengths, needs, and preferences are required to improve health outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometrical properties of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) in Koreans with chronic diseases. Data were collected from 278 patients (57.04±15.22 years) diagnosed with chronic disease, including kidney disease, hypertension, and diabetes, who visited the outpatient clinic of a university hospital from June to December 2020. For validity assessment, construct, convergent, and discriminant validities were evaluated, along with the HLQ reliability using Cronbach's α. One-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate mean differences in the HLQ scale scores based on patients' characteristics. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that all items were loaded on their respective factors. The model fit of a full nine-factor CFA model showed satisfactory or better fit compared with nine one-factor CFA model; χ2WLSMV (866) = 576.596 (p < .001), comparative normed fit index of 1.000 (reference: >0.950), Tucker-Lewis index of 0.981 (reference: >0.950), root mean square error of approximation of 0.066 (reference: <0.080), and standardized root mean square residual of 0.055 (reference: <0.080). All scales demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α ≥.757). Sociodemographic characteristic variables with significant score differences in HLQ scores were reported across nine scales, with the level of education and income showing significant score differences in 8 and 6 scales, respectively. This study revealed that the Korean version of the HLQ has many strong measurement properties among patients with chronic diseases. The validation indicated the HLQ as a robust tool that is used cross-culturally and is recommended for use in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yon Hee Seo
- Department of Nursing Science, Andong National University, Andong-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
| | - Richard H Osborne
- Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yeunhee Kwak
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Won Ahn
- Department of Nursing, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
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Hong RY, Ding XP, Chan KMY, Yeung WJJ. The influence of socio-economic status on child temperament and psychological symptom profiles. Br J Psychol 2024; 115:535-554. [PMID: 38506601 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The influence of socio-economic status (SES) on child temperament and psychological symptoms was examined using a nationally representative sample in Singapore. Data were available for 2169 children from 1987 families. Caregivers' reports were obtained on children aged 4-6. SES was operationalized as an aggregation of household income per capita, parental education level and housing type. Compared to their counterparts from higher SES families, children from low-SES families tended to exhibit (a) higher negative affectivity but lower effortful control, and (b) higher internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In addition, children with a 'resilient' temperamental profile (i.e. low negative affectivity and high effortful control) were more likely to come from families with much higher SES, relative to children with other profiles. Children with high internalizing symptoms tended to come from low-SES backgrounds, regardless of their externalizing symptoms. Among children with low internalizing symptoms, those with high externalizing symptoms came from lower SES backgrounds compared to those with low externalizing symptoms. Parental warmth and distress mediated the association between SES and child temperament and symptom profiles, with the exception of distress in the SES-temperament link. These findings supported the family stress model and highlighted the novel perspective of SES's influence on configurations of child temperament and symptom characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Y Hong
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao Pan Ding
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Wei-Jun Jean Yeung
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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Hughes AM, Torvik FA, van Bergen E, Hannigan LJ, Corfield EC, Andreassen OA, Ystrom E, Ask H, Smith GD, Davies NM, Havdahl A. Parental education and children's depression, anxiety, and ADHD traits, a within-family study in MoBa. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2024; 9:46. [PMID: 39025869 PMCID: PMC11258307 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-024-00260-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Children born to parents with fewer years of education are more likely to have depression, anxiety, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but it is unclear to what extent these associations are causal. We estimated the effect of parents' educational attainment on children's depressive, anxiety, and ADHD traits at age 8 years, in a sample of 40,879 Norwegian children born in 1998-2009 and their parents. We used within-family Mendelian randomization, which employs genetic variants as instrumental variables, and controlled for direct genetic effects by adjusting for children's polygenic indexes. We found little evidence that mothers' or fathers' educational attainment independently affected children's depressive, anxiety, or ADHD traits. However, children's own polygenic scores for educational attainment were independently and negatively associated with these traits. Results suggest that differences in these traits according to parents' education may reflect direct genetic effects more than genetic nurture. Consequences of social disadvantage for children's mental health may however be more visible in samples with more socioeconomic variation, or contexts with larger socioeconomic disparities than present-day Norway. Further research is required in populations with more educational and economic inequality and in other age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Hughes
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Fartein Ask Torvik
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Promenta Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elsje van Bergen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laurie J Hannigan
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elizabeth C Corfield
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eivind Ystrom
- Promenta Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helga Ask
- Promenta Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Neil M Davies
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexandra Havdahl
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Promenta Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Wang Y, Li W, Liu X, Zhang Q, Lu D, Chen Z. Emphasizing symbolic capital: its superior influence on the association between family socioeconomic status and adolescent subjective well-being uncovered by a large-scale multivariate network analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1335595. [PMID: 39086430 PMCID: PMC11288923 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1335595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Family socioeconomic status (FSES) serves as a significant determinant for subjective well-being. However, extant research has provided conflicting evidence on the correlation between FSES and adolescent students' subjective well-being (SSWB). Methods Data were collected from 12,058 adolescent students (16 years of age) by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018. Multivariate canonical correlation and Mantel test were utilized to investigate the specific connection between FSES and SSWB. Furthermore, a Gaussian EBICglasso graph-theoretical model was used to capture the topological properties of the FSES-SSWB network and reveal the interplay among multifarious components of FSES and SSWB. Results FSES was positively correlated with SSWB. In the FSES-SSWB network, parental educational attainment and occupation status demonstrated the highest centrality values, thereby contributing significantly to the relationship between FSES and SSWB. However, family wealth, along with educational and cultural resources, displayed lower centrality values, signifying their weaker roles in this relationship. Conclusion Our findings suggest that symbolic capital, rather than family affluence, exerts a dominant influence on adolescent SSWB. In other words, SSWB may not be detrimentally influenced by a deficiency in monetary resources. However, it is more susceptible to being unfavorably impacted by inferior parental educational attainment and occupational standing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozhi Wang
- College of Education Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Experimental Research Center of Medical and Psychological Science, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuerong Liu
- Experimental Research Center of Medical and Psychological Science, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- School of Public Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Desheng Lu
- College of Education Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Experimental Research Center of Medical and Psychological Science, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Conroy K, Urcuyo AE, Schiavone E, Obee A, Frazier SL, Cramer E, Comer JS. Understanding Signs and Sources of Anxiety in Urban Elementary Schools Serving Predominately Ethnically/Racially Minoritized Children. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38949878 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2024.2361731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This mixed-methods study examined teachers' perceptions of student anxiety in urban elementary schools serving predominantly low-income and ethnically/racially minoritized youth. METHOD Most participating teachers were female (87.7%) and from minoritized backgrounds themselves (89.2%), teaching in schools serving predominantly Black/African American (40%) or Hispanic (60%) students, and in which > 70% of students are eligible for free meals. Teachers were asked in surveys (N = 82) and interviews (n = 12) about the nature of student anxiety, and cultural/contextual considerations that influence anxiety. RESULTS Overall, teachers reported prevalence and signs of student anxiety that were consistent with the literature, but they reported higher levels of impairment than in previous community samples. Regressions revealed that greater levels of student exposure to community violence and higher proportions of Black students were associated with higher teacher-perceived prevalence and concern about student anxiety, respectively. Moreover, greater emotional exhaustion in teachers was associated with higher reports of anxiety-related impairment in students. Thematic coding of interviews emphasized how teachers perceived 1) most student anxieties to be proportional responses to realistic threats and stress in students' lives (e.g. resource insecurity), 2) systems-level problems (e.g. pressure to perform on standardized tests) contribute to student anxiety, and 3) school-based anxiety sources often interact with traumas and stressors students experience outside of school (e.g. immigration experiences). CONCLUSIONS Relative to the predominant literature that has focused on biological, cognitive, and other intraindividual factors as sources of anxiety, the present work underscores the importance of considering how broader economic and systems-level influences exacerbate anxiety in marginalized youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anya E Urcuyo
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University
| | | | - Averill Obee
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University
| | | | - Elizabeth Cramer
- Department of Teaching and Learning, Florida International University
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12
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Liu J, Gao Y, Liu X, Wang H. Developmental trajectories of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescence: The effect of social support and socioeconomic status. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024. [PMID: 38949258 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in early adolescence has been amply documented. However, there has been little research on the progression of NSSI over time. Most studies have focused on the risk factors for NSSI, with less attention devoted to understanding the role of protective factors. This paper aimed to expand existing knowledge about the development of NSSI, with an emphasis on the impacts of protective factors such as social support and socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS A total of 436 adolescents completed self-report surveys that addressed social support including friend, family, and teacher support, objective and subjective SES, and NSSI at three different points in time for 2 years. RESULTS Latent growth curve analyses revealed that NSSI increased across early adolescence to mid-adolescence. Support from friends and family negatively predicted adolescents' initial NSSI level. Furthermore, subjective SES negatively predicted the rate of NSSI. CONCLUSIONS These findings contribute to an understanding of the influences of both social support and SES on NSSI over time. NSSI interventions and education should include considerations of both the value of support from friends and family as well as subjective SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmeng Liu
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yemiao Gao
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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13
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Bonifacci P, Compiani D, Vassura C, Affranti A, Peri B, Ravaldini V, Tobia V. Home Learning Environment and Screen Time Differentially Mediate the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Preschoolers' Learning and Behavioural Profiles. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01724-z. [PMID: 38869767 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01724-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Environmental variables related to the home context, including home literacy and numeracy, screen exposure and Socioeconomic Status (SES) are potential risks or protective factors for children's academic achievements and behaviour. The present multi-informant study aims to contribute to this issue by investigating SES's direct and indirect relationships in early learning (i.e., literacy, numeracy, and cognitive) and behavioural skills within a large sample of young children. One parent and one teacher for each of 1660 preschoolers filled out a questionnaire investigating SES, tablet and TV use, home learning activities, behavioural problems/strengths (parents' questionnaire), and children's learning skills and behaviour (teachers' questionnaire). Results of path analysis showed that tablet time and home learning environment mediate the effect of SES on early learning as assessed by teachers; as for the home learning environment, it was also a mediator of the relationship between SES and behavioural problems. Implications of these results for research in the field and educational policies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bonifacci
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Diego Compiani
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Vassura
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alexandra Affranti
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Benedetta Peri
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Viola Ravaldini
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Tobia
- Faculty of Psychology, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital - Ville Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, 20127, Milan, Italy
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14
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Nærde A, Janson H, Stoolmiller M. Modeling trajectories of physical aggression from infancy to pre-school age, their early predictors, and school-age outcomes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0291704. [PMID: 38829864 PMCID: PMC11146736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study identified latent trajectories of physical aggression (TPA) from infancy to preschool age and evaluated (a) effects of early parent, parenting and child predictors on TPA as well as on social, behavioral, and academic functioning in Grade 2, and (b) TPA effects net of early predictor effects on Grade 2 functioning. We used data from the Behavior Outlook Norwegian Developmental Study (BONDS), which included 1,159 children (559 girls). Parents reported on risk and protective factors, and on physical aggression from 1 to 5 years of age; teachers reported on Grade 2 outcomes. We employed latent class growth curve analyses and identified nine TPA. In fully adjusted models simultaneously testing all associations among predictors, trajectories, and outcomes, maternal and paternal harsh parenting, child gender, and sibling presence predicted TPA, which significantly predicted externalizing and academic competence in Grade 2. Child gender had a pervasive influence on all outcomes as well as on TPA. To our knowledge, this is the first trajectory study to determine which predictors are most proximal, more distal, or just confounded, with their relative direct effect sizes, and to link early paternal as well as maternal harsh parenting practices with children's TPA. Our findings underscore the need to include fathers in developmental research and early prevention and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Nærde
- The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Janson
- The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mike Stoolmiller
- The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
- Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
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15
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Gueltzow M, Groeniger JO, Bijlsma MJ, Jansen PW, Houweling TAJ, van Lenthe FJ. Childhood obesity's influence on socioeconomic disparities in young adolescents' mental health. Ann Epidemiol 2024; 94:19-26. [PMID: 38615897 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether socioeconomic inequalities in young adolescents' mental health are partially due to the unequal distribution of childhood obesity across socioeconomic positions (SEP), i.e. differential exposure, or due to the effect of obesity on mental health being more detrimental among certain SEPs, i.e. differential impact. METHODS We studied 4660 participants of the Generation R study, a population-based study in the Netherlands. SEP was estimated by mother's education and household income at age five of the child. We estimated the contribution of the mediating and moderating effects of high body fat percentage to the disparity in mental health. This was done through a four-way decomposition using marginal structural models with inverse probability of treatment weighting. RESULTS Comparing children with the least to most educated mothers and the lowest to highest household income, the total disparity in emotional problems was 0.98 points (95%CI:0.35-1.63) and 1.68 points (95%CI:1.13-2.19), respectively. Of these total disparities in emotional problems, 0.50 points (95%CI:0.15-0.85) and 0.24 points (95%CI:0.09-0.46) were due to the differential exposure to obesity. Obesity did not contribute to disparities in behavioural problems. CONCLUSION Addressing the heightened obesity prevalence among children in low SEP families may reduce inequalities in emotional problems in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gueltzow
- Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Joost Oude Groeniger
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Public Administration and Sociology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten J Bijlsma
- Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany; Unit PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology, and -Economics (PTEE), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pauline W Jansen
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Generation R Study, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja A J Houweling
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank J van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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16
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Lu J, Jin Y, Liang S, Wang Q, Li X, Li T. Risk factors and their association network for young adults' suicidality: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1378. [PMID: 38778312 PMCID: PMC11112863 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the intricate influences of risk factors contributing to suicide among young individuals remains a challenge. The current study employed interpretable machine learning and network analysis to unravel critical suicide-associated factors in Chinese university students. METHODS A total of 68,071 students were recruited between Sep 2016 and Sep 2020 in China. Students reported their lifetime experiences with suicidal thoughts and behaviors, categorized as suicide ideation (SI), suicide plan (SP), and suicide attempt (SA). We assessed 36 suicide-associated factors including psychopathology, family environment, life events, and stigma. Local interpretations were provided using Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) interaction values, while a mixed graphical model facilitated a global understanding of their interplay. RESULTS Local explanations based on SHAP interaction values suggested that psychoticism and depression severity emerged as pivotal factors for SI, while paranoid ideation strongly correlated with SP and SA. In addition, childhood neglect significantly predicted SA. Regarding the mixed graphical model, a hierarchical structure emerged, suggesting that family factors preceded proximal psychopathological factors, with abuse and neglect retaining unique effects. Centrality indices derived from the network highlighted the importance of subjective socioeconomic status and education in connecting various risk factors. CONCLUSIONS The proximity of psychopathological factors to suicidality underscores their significance. The global structures of the network suggested that co-occurring factors influence suicidal behavior in a hierarchical manner. Therefore, prospective prevention strategies should take into account the hierarchical structure and unique trajectories of factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsong Lu
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518712, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518712, China
| | - Sugai Liang
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Centre & Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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17
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Zoupou E, Moore TM, Kennedy KP, Calkins ME, Gorgone A, Sandro AD, Rush S, Lopez KC, Ruparel K, Daryoush T, Okoyeh P, Savino A, Troyan S, Wolf DH, Scott JC, Gur RE, Gur RC. Validation of the structured interview section of the penn computerized adaptive test for neurocognitive and clinical psychopathology assessment (CAT GOASSESS). Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115862. [PMID: 38554493 PMCID: PMC11025108 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Large-scale studies and burdened clinical settings require precise, efficient measures that assess multiple domains of psychopathology. Computerized adaptive tests (CATs) can reduce administration time without compromising data quality. We examined feasibility and validity of an adaptive psychopathology measure, GOASSESS, in a clinical community-based sample (N = 315; ages 18-35) comprising three groups: healthy controls, psychosis, mood/anxiety disorders. Assessment duration was compared between the Full and CAT GOASSESS. External validity was tested by comparing how the CAT and Full versions related to demographic variables, study group, and socioeconomic status. The relationships between scale scores and criteria were statistically compared within a mixed-model framework to account for dependency between relationships. Convergent validity was assessed by comparing scores of the CAT and the Full GOASSESS using Pearson correlations. The CAT GOASSESS reduced interview duration by more than 90 % across study groups and preserved relationships to external criteria and demographic variables as the Full GOASSESS. All CAT GOASSESS scales could replace those of the Full instrument. Overall, the CAT GOASSESS showed acceptable psychometric properties and demonstrated feasibility by markedly reducing assessment time compared to the Full GOASSESS. The adaptive version could be used in large-scale studies or clinical settings for intake screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Zoupou
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tyler M Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kelly P Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Monica E Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alesandra Gorgone
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Akira Di Sandro
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sage Rush
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine C Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kosha Ruparel
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tarlan Daryoush
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul Okoyeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Savino
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott Troyan
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel H Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Cobb Scott
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center at the Philadelphia VA Medical Center, PA, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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18
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Carroll SL, Shewark EA, Mikhail ME, Thaler DJ, Pearson AL, Klump KL, Burt SA. Identifying the 'active ingredients' of socioeconomic disadvantage for youth outcomes in middle childhood. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:857-865. [PMID: 36847252 PMCID: PMC10915935 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth experiencing socioeconomic deprivation may be exposed to disadvantage in multiple contexts (e.g., neighborhood, family, and school). To date, however, we know little about the underlying structure of socioeconomic disadvantage, including whether the 'active ingredients' driving its robust effects are specific to one context (e.g., neighborhood) or whether the various contexts increment one another as predictors of youth outcomes. METHODS The present study addressed this gap by examining the underlying structure of socioeconomic disadvantage across neighborhoods, families, and schools, as well as whether the various forms of disadvantage jointly predicted youth psychopathology and cognitive performance. Participants were 1,030 school-aged twin pairs from a subsample of the Michigan State University Twin Registry enriched for neighborhood disadvantage. RESULTS Two correlated factors underlay the indicators of disadvantage. Proximal disadvantage comprised familial indicators, whereas contextual disadvantage represented deprivation in the broader school and neighborhood contexts. Results from exhaustive modeling analyses indicated that proximal and contextual disadvantage incremented one another as predictors of childhood externalizing problems, disordered eating, and reading difficulties, but not internalizing symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Disadvantage within the family and disadvantage in the broader context, respectively, appear to represent distinct constructs with additive influence, carrying unique implications for multiple behavioral outcomes during middle childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Carroll
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Megan E. Mikhail
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Daniel J. Thaler
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Amber L. Pearson
- Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kelly L. Klump
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - S. Alexandra Burt
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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19
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Gresko SA, Hink LK, Corley RP, Reynolds CA, Muñoz E, Rhee SH. An examination of early socioeconomic status and neighborhood disadvantage as independent predictors of antisocial behavior: A longitudinal adoption study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301765. [PMID: 38683790 PMCID: PMC11057761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study examined early socioeconomic status (SES) and neighborhood disadvantage (ND) as independent predictors of antisocial behavior (ASB) and addressed the etiology of the associations (i.e., genes versus the environment) using a longitudinal adoption design. Prospective data from the Colorado Adoption Project (435 adoptees, 598 nonadopted children, 526 biological grandparents of adoptees, 481 adoptive parents, and 617 nonadoptive parents including biological parents of unrelated siblings of adoptees) were examined. SES and ND were assessed during infancy and ASB was evaluated from ages four through 16 using parent and teacher report. Associations between predictors and ASB were compared across adoptive and nonadoptive families and sex. Early SES was a nominally significant, independent predictor of antisocial ASB, such that lower SES predicted higher levels of ASB in nonadoptive families only. ND was not associated with ASB. Associations were consistent across aggression and delinquency, and neither SES nor ND was associated with change in ASB over time. Nominally significant associations did not remain significant after controlling for multiple testing. As such, despite nonsignificant differences in associations across sex or adoptive status, we were unable to make definitive conclusions regarding the genetic versus environmental etiology of or sex differences in the influence of SES and ND on ASB. Despite inconclusive findings, in nonadoptees, results were consistent-in effect size and direction-with previous studies in the literature indicating that lower SES is associated with increased risk for ASB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley A. Gresko
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Laura K. Hink
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Robin P. Corley
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Chandra A. Reynolds
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Muñoz
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Soo Hyun Rhee
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
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20
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Xu Q, Li H, Zhu D. Socioeconomic status, personality, and major mental disorders: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 10:49. [PMID: 38678036 PMCID: PMC11055884 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00471-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Previous research has suggested a correlation between socioeconomic status (SES) and mental diseases, while personality traits may be associated with SES and the risk of mental disorders. However, the causal nature of these associations remains largely uncertain. Our Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to explore the bidirectional causality between SES and mental disorders, as well as to evaluate the potential mediating role of personality in these associations. Using bidirectional MR approach, we assessed the causality between SES indicators and mental disorders. We then used a two-step MR method to further investigate whether and to what extent personality mediates the causal associations in Caucasians. The forward MR analyses identified that years of education, household income, age at first birth and the Townsend deprivation index had a causal association with at least one mental disorder. The reverse MR analyses identified causal effects of genetically predicted schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder on five SES indicators. Importantly, mediation analysis showed that neuroticism partly mediated the causality of household income and years of education on major depressive disorder, respectively. In brief, our study confirmed the bidirectional relationship between SES and mental disorders. We also revealed the role of neuroticism in mediating the association between SES and major depressive disorder, highlighting the importance of considering both socioeconomic and personality factors in mental health research and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Lab of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Haonan Li
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Lab of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Xu X, Buzzell GA, Bowers ME, Shuffrey LC, Leach SC, McSweeney M, Yoder L, Fifer WP, Myers MM, Elliott AJ, Fox NA, Morales S. Electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control in children: Relations with prenatal maternal risk factors and child psychopathology. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38654404 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitory control plays an important role in children's cognitive and socioemotional development, including their psychopathology. It has been established that contextual factors such as socioeconomic status (SES) and parents' psychopathology are associated with children's inhibitory control. However, the relations between the neural correlates of inhibitory control and contextual factors have been rarely examined in longitudinal studies. In the present study, we used both event-related potential (ERP) components and time-frequency measures of inhibitory control to evaluate the neural pathways between contextual factors, including prenatal SES and maternal psychopathology, and children's behavioral and emotional problems in a large sample of children (N = 560; 51.75% females; Mage = 7.13 years; Rangeage = 4-11 years). Results showed that theta power, which was positively predicted by prenatal SES and was negatively related to children's externalizing problems, mediated the longitudinal and negative relation between them. ERP amplitudes and latencies did not mediate the longitudinal association between prenatal risk factors (i.e., prenatal SES and maternal psychopathology) and children's internalizing and externalizing problems. Our findings increase our understanding of the neural pathways linking early risk factors to children's psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Xu
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Cortland, Cortland, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - George A Buzzell
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Center for Children and Families, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maureen E Bowers
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Lauren C Shuffrey
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie C Leach
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Marco McSweeney
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Lydia Yoder
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - William P Fifer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael M Myers
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy J Elliott
- Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Nathan A Fox
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Santiago Morales
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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22
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Stea TH, Bonsaksen T, Smith P, Kleppang AL, Steigen AM, Leonhardt M, Lien L, Vettore MV. Are social pressure, bullying and low social support associated with depressive symptoms, self-harm and self-directed violence among adolescents? A cross-sectional study using a structural equation modeling approach. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:239. [PMID: 38553669 PMCID: PMC10981317 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More in-depth evidence about the complex relationships between different risk factors and mental health among adolescents has been warranted. Thus, the aim of the study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of experiencing social pressure, bullying, and low social support on mental health problems in adolescence. METHODS A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 among 15 823 Norwegian adolescents, aged 13-19 years. Structural Equation Modelling was used to assess the relationships between socioeconomic status, social pressure, bullying, social support, depressive symptoms, self-harm and suicide thoughts. RESULTS Poor family economy and low parental education were associated with high pressure, low parental support and depressive symptoms in males and females. Moreover, poor family economy was associated with bullying perpetration and bullying victimization among males and females, and cyberbullying victimization among females, but not males. Low parental education was associated with bullying victimization among males, but not females. Further, high social pressure was associated with depressive symptoms among males and females, whereas high social pressure was linked to self-harm and suicide thoughts among females, but not males. Bullying victimization and cyberbullying victimization were associated with depressive symptoms, self-harm, and suicide thoughts among males and females. Bullying victimization was associated with depressive symptoms among males, but not females, whereas bullying perpetration was linked to self-harm and suicide thoughts among females, but not males. Low parental support was associated with bullying perpetration, bullying victimization, depressive symptoms, self-harm and suicide thoughts among males and females, whereas low parental support was associated with high social pressure among females, but not males. Low teacher support was associated with high social pressure and depressive symptoms. Low support from friends was associated with bullying victimization, depressive symptoms and suicide thoughts among males and females, whereas low support from friends was linked to self-harm among males, but not females. Finally, results showed that depressive symptoms were associated with self-harm and suicide thoughts among males and females. CONCLUSION Low socioeconomic status, social pressure, bullying and low social support were directly and indirectly associated with depressive symptoms and self-directed violence among Norwegian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonje Holte Stea
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Tore Bonsaksen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
- Department of Health, VID Specialized University, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Pierre Smith
- Health information service. Epidemiology and public health. Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Health and Society, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annette Løvheim Kleppang
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Anne Mari Steigen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Marja Leonhardt
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Lars Lien
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
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23
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Lin J, Guo W. The Research on Risk Factors for Adolescents' Mental Health. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:263. [PMID: 38667059 PMCID: PMC11047495 DOI: 10.3390/bs14040263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing tendency for mental health disorders to emerge during adolescence. These disorders impair emotional, cognitive, and behavioral functioning, such as unsatisfying peer relationships, disruptive behavior, and decreased academic performance. They also contribute to vulnerability in later adulthood which negatively influences life-long well-being. Thus, research into etiology is imperative to provide implications for prevention and intervention within family and school practices. It is suggested that the onset of psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety, is closely related to stress levels and patterns of stress reaction. Therefore, considerable research has investigated the link between hereditary factors, economic status, dispositional vulnerability, social relationships, and stress levels. The current study examines existing evidence and identifies multifaceted risk factors for adolescents' mental problems across three layers, including individual traits and personality, family status and practices, as well as peer relationships, and school climate. It is also suggested that factors from these three perspectives interact and are closely interconnected, directly or indirectly contributing to adolescent psychopathology. The implications for future development of prevention and intervention programs, as well as therapy, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wuyuan Guo
- Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
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24
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Long EE, Carpenter LA, Klein J, Bradley CC, Ros-Demarize R. Does Parental Mental Health Moderate the Association between Parenting Stress and Child Externalizing Behaviors Among Autistic Children? Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01691-5. [PMID: 38514487 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01691-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Parents of autistic children experience significant parenting stress, which is prospectively associated with increases in child externalizing behaviors. However, family factors that place specific families at risk for experiencing the negative impacts of parenting stress on child externalizing behaviors have not been identified. The present study examined whether parental mental health moderates the association between parenting stress and child externalizing behaviors. Parents of 501 autistic children (Mage=5.16yrs) completed the Parenting Stress Index and Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory. Parents reported whether they had ever been diagnosed with a mental health disorder. Parenting stress, parental internalizing diagnosis, and parental externalizing diagnosis all independently predicted child externalizing behavior. However, parenting stress did not interact with any category of parental mental health diagnoses to predict child externalizing. Results implicate high levels of parenting stress as a risk factor for increased child behavior problems among autistic children across parental mental health statuses. Interventions aimed at reducing parenting stress may improve parent outcomes and prevent the development of child externalizing behaviors among families of autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Long
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Psychology and Developmental Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Laura A Carpenter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jordan Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Catherine C Bradley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Rosmary Ros-Demarize
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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25
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Langensee L, Rumetshofer T, Mårtensson J. Interplay of socioeconomic status, cognition, and school performance in the ABCD sample. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2024; 9:17. [PMID: 38467686 PMCID: PMC10928106 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-024-00233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Coming from a disadvantaged background can have negative impact on an individual's educational trajectory. Some people however seem unaffected and cope well with the demands and challenges posed by school education, despite growing up in adverse conditions, a phenomenon termed academic resilience. While it is uncertain which underlying factors make some people more likely to circumvent unfavorable odds than others, both socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive ability have robustly been linked to school performance. The objective of the present work is to investigate if individual cognitive abilities and SES interact in their effect on grades. For this purpose, we analyzed SES, cognitive, and school performance data from 5001 participants from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Ordinal logistic regression models suggest similar patterns of associations between three SES measures (parental education, income-to-needs ratio, and neighborhood deprivation) and grades at two timepoints, with no evidence for interaction effects between SES and time. Parental education and income-to-needs ratio were associated with grades at both timepoints, irrespective of whether cognitive abilities were modeled or not. Neighborhood deprivation, in contrast, was only a statistically significant predictor of reported grades when cognitive abilities were not factored in. Cognitive abilities interacted with parental education level, meaning that they could be a safeguard against effects of SES on school performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Langensee
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Lund University, Scania, Sweden.
| | - Theodor Rumetshofer
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Lund University, Scania, Sweden
| | - Johan Mårtensson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Lund University, Scania, Sweden
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26
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Park J, Lee E, Cho G, Hwang H, Kim BG, Kim G, Joo YY, Cha J. Gene-environment pathways to cognitive intelligence and psychotic-like experiences in children. eLife 2024; 12:RP88117. [PMID: 38441539 PMCID: PMC10942586 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In children, psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are related to risk of psychosis, schizophrenia, and other mental disorders. Maladaptive cognitive functioning, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, is hypothesized to mediate the relationship between these factors and childhood PLEs. Using large-scale longitudinal data, we tested the relationships of genetic and environmental factors (such as familial and neighborhood environment) with cognitive intelligence and their relationships with current and future PLEs in children. We leveraged large-scale multimodal data of 6,602 children from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study. Linear mixed model and a novel structural equation modeling (SEM) method that allows estimation of both components and factors were used to estimate the joint effects of cognitive phenotypes polygenic scores (PGSs), familial and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), and supportive environment on NIH Toolbox cognitive intelligence and PLEs. We adjusted for ethnicity (genetically defined), schizophrenia PGS, and additionally unobserved confounders (using computational confound modeling). Our findings indicate that lower cognitive intelligence and higher PLEs are significantly associated with lower PGSs for cognitive phenotypes, lower familial SES, lower neighborhood SES, and less supportive environments. Specifically, cognitive intelligence mediates the effects of these factors on PLEs, with supportive parenting and positive school environments showing the strongest impact on reducing PLEs. This study underscores the influence of genetic and environmental factors on PLEs through their effects on cognitive intelligence. Our findings have policy implications in that improving school and family environments and promoting local economic development may enhance cognitive and mental health in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghoon Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence, College of Engineering, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Eunji Lee
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Gyeongcheol Cho
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusUnited States
| | - Heungsun Hwang
- Department of Psychology, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Bo-Gyeom Kim
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Gakyung Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yoonjung Yoonie Joo
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Samsung Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jiook Cha
- Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence, College of Engineering, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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27
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Penttilä S, Niemelä M, Hakko H, Keski-Säntti M, Ristikari T, Räsänen S. Child- and parent-related determinants for out-of-home care in a nationwide population with neurodevelopmental disorders: a register-based Finnish birth cohort 1997 study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02406-w. [PMID: 38430236 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02406-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are among the most common health issues in childhood and adolescence. Psychiatric disorders are known to be overrepresented among children using child welfare services and placed in out-of-home care (OHC). Child- and parent-related determinants for OHC among a national population with NDDs were evaluated utilising longitudinal register data from the national Finnish Birth Cohort 1997 (n = 58,802) from birth to 18 years (1997-2015). The cohort members with NDDs (n = 5,143, 9% of total cohort) formed our study population. Based on their history of OHC, cohort members with NDD were categorised to OHC (n = 903) and non-OHC groups (n = 4,240). Of all cohort members with NDDs, 17.6% had a history of OHC. Within NDDs, a significant excess of ADHD diagnosis was observed in the OHC group compared to the non-OHC group (49% vs. 26%). The OHC group with NDDs was significantly characterised by having comorbid psychiatric diagnosis for conduct and oppositional disorders (adj. RR 2.21), substance use disorders (adj. RR 1.61) and depression and anxiety disorders (adj. RR 1.60). Of all parent-related determinants, the most prevailing in the OHC group compared to the non-OHC group, was social assistance received by parent (88% vs. 44.5%). The longer the period (in years) for received social assistance, the greater the likelihood for OHC (adj. RRs range from 2.41 for one year to 5.24 for over 4 years). Further, significantly associating determinants for OHC were parental psychiatric disorders (adj. RR 1.42) and parental death (adj. RR 1.23). Our findings from the population-based cohort of children and adolescents with NDDs highlight the importance of screening and assessment of family situation. Also, effective prevention and treating of comorbid psychiatric disorders, especially conduct and oppositional disorders is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni Penttilä
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Mika Niemelä
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Helinä Hakko
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | - Sami Räsänen
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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28
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Morris K, Lampropoulos D. The progressive place paradox: Status-based health inequalities are magnified in more economically progressive Swiss localities. Health Place 2024; 86:103215. [PMID: 38402812 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Low socioeconomic status (measured both objectively and subjectively) is systematically associated with worse health. Amid renewed interest in contextual influences on health inequalities, we ask whether variation in the prevailing ideological climate moderates the size of the health gap between low and high status individuals. Based on the minority stress hypothesis, we expect that living in an economically progressive place within Switzerland - places where more residents endorse the need for change to the economic status quo - will reduce the magnitude of the health gap. Multilevel modelling of MOSAiCH 2015-2020 data shows the opposite: low status individuals in progressive places report markedly lower subjective health and life satisfaction than similarly low status individuals in conservative places, such that status-based health inequalities are maximised in progressive places. We interpret this apparent progressive place paradox in terms of collective inefficacy and system frustration, which we argue is the corollary of system justification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Morris
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (LIVES), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Dimitrios Lampropoulos
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (LIVES), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale (LAPPS), University of Paris 8, Vincennes, Saint-Denis, France
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29
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Valentino K, Edler K. The next generation of developmental psychopathology research: Including broader perspectives and becoming more precise. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38351870 PMCID: PMC11322423 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The current Special Issue marks a major milestone in the history of developmental psychopathology; as the final issue edited by Cicchetti, we have an opportunity to reflect on the remarkable progress of the discipline across the last four decades, as well as challenges and future directions for the field. With contemporary issues in mind, including rising rates of psychopathology, health disparities, and international conflict, as well as rapid growth and accessibility of digital and mobile technologies, the discipline of developmental psychopathology is poised to advance multidisciplinary, developmentally- and contextually- informed research, and to make substantial progress in supporting the healthy development of individuals around the world. We highlight key future directions and challenges for the next generation of developmental psychopathology research including further investigation of culture at multiple levels of analysis, incorporation of macro-level influences into developmental psychopathology research, methods advances to address heterogeneity in translational research, precision mental health, and the extension of developmental psychopathology research across the lifespan.
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30
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Hauenstein EJ, Schimmels J. Providing Gender Sensitive and Responsive Trauma-Informed Psychiatric Nursing Care. How Hard Can It Be? Issues Ment Health Nurs 2024; 45:202-216. [PMID: 38412453 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2024.2310663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
This paper addresses the challenge of providing gender sensitive and responsive trauma-informed care (TIC) in psychiatric nursing practice. Gender identity, gender subordination, and gender-related trauma history are examined as three key individual-level factors that affect nurses' capacity to engage therapeutically to provide gender sensitive and responsive TIC. Using Peplau's Interpersonal Theory and building on a shared trauma and resilience model, gender-sensitive and responsive TIC is situated within interpersonal science and the ability of the psychiatric nurse to attune to her own and her patient's gender ideologies. Strategies for transforming practice including self-reflection, self-compassion, and peer and supervisor support are reviewed. Noting the import of the practice environment, several observations of changes needed at the level of the unit, organization, and society to effect gender equitable policies that enable the implementation of gender-sensitive and responsive TIC are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Hauenstein
- School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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31
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Gunnar MR. Editorial: Placing research in context - what participant and study characteristics should be routinely reported in studies of child and adolescent mental health? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:121-123. [PMID: 38226802 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
This editorial argues that research findings in child and adolescent psychopathology need to be contextualized with demographic information and location in order to help with interpretation of findings and implications for the services that are available and/or potentially effective. For developmental psychopathology and child and adolescent mental health treatment, the demographic information should include key factors known to influence etiology, treatment effectiveness and service availability. These factors include, but may not be limited to, sex and age, location including country (and city or urban area), socioeconomic class, culture and minoritized status. Including such information, in addition to helping us understand why findings might not generalize, can draw attention to the exclusion of certain groups from research and so drive attempts to increase the representativeness of research in child and adolescent mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R Gunnar
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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32
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Pedersen MJ, Høst C, Hansen SN, Deleuran BW, Bech BH. Psychiatric Morbidity Is Common Among Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A National Matched Cohort Study. J Rheumatol 2024; 51:181-188. [PMID: 37321635 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.2023-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic rheumatic disease that causes joint inflammation and pain. Previous studies have indicated affected mental health and increased risk of psychiatric conditions among patients with JIA. We aimed to explore differences in psychiatric morbidity between children with JIA and their peers. We further studied if parental socioeconomic status (SES) influences the association between JIA and the risk of psychiatric morbidity. METHODS We used a matched cohort design to estimate the association between JIA and psychiatric disease. Children with JIA, born between 1995 and 2014, were identified in Danish national registers. Based on birth registers, we randomly selected 100 age- and sex-matched children per index child. Index date was the date of the fifth JIA diagnosis code or the date of matching for reference children. End of follow-up was the date of psychiatric diagnosis, death, emigration, or December 31, 2018, whatever came first. Data were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS We identified 2086 children with JIA with a mean age at diagnosis of 8.1 years. Children with JIA had a 17% higher instantaneous risk of a psychiatric diagnosis when compared with the reference group, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.17 (95% CI 1.02-1.34). Relevant associations were found only for depression and adjustment disorders. Stratifying our analysis for SES showed no modifying effect of SES. CONCLUSION Children with JIA had a higher risk of psychiatric diagnoses compared to their peers, especially diagnoses of depression and adjustment disorders. The association between JIA and psychiatric disease did not depend on parental SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malthe Jessen Pedersen
- M.J. Pedersen, MD, S.N. Hansen, PhD, B.H. Bech, MD, PhD, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University;
| | - Christian Høst
- C. Høst, MD, PhD, Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital
| | - Stefan Nygaard Hansen
- M.J. Pedersen, MD, S.N. Hansen, PhD, B.H. Bech, MD, PhD, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University
| | - Bent Winding Deleuran
- B.W. Deleuran, MD, DMSc, Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, and Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bodil Hammer Bech
- M.J. Pedersen, MD, S.N. Hansen, PhD, B.H. Bech, MD, PhD, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University
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33
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Sandre A, Weinberg A, Park J. Psychophysiology and affective processing across the lifespan: Pathways to psychopathology. Biol Psychol 2024; 186:108740. [PMID: 38154702 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aislinn Sandre
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Anna Weinberg
- Department of Ps ychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Juhyun Park
- Department of Ps ychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada.
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34
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Dougall I, Vasiljevic M, Wright JD, Weick M. How, when, and why is social class linked to mental health and wellbeing? A systematic meta-review. Soc Sci Med 2024; 343:116542. [PMID: 38290399 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Meta-reviews synthesising research on social class and mental health and wellbeing are currently limited and focused on specific facets of social class (e.g., social capital) or mental health and wellbeing (e.g., mental health disorders), and none sought to identify mechanisms in this relationship. OBJECTIVES The present meta-review sought to (1) assess the overall relationship between social class and mental health and wellbeing, (2) determine the mechanisms that act in this relationship, and (3) evaluate the strength of evidence available. METHODS The protocol was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021214731). We systematically searched twelve databases in September 2022 and identified 149 eligible reviews from 38,257 records screened. Quality of evidence was assessed with the JBI levels of evidence and risk of bias with the ROBIS tool. RESULTS A large but low-quality evidence base points to class-based inequalities in mental health and wellbeing, with the strongest available evidence linking lower social positions to an increased risk of depression. In terms of different facets of stratification, the best available evidence suggests that deprivation (e.g., poverty), socioeconomic status, income, and subjective social status are consequential for individuals' mental health and wellbeing. However, high-quality evidence for the roles of education, occupation, other economic resources (e.g., wealth), and social capital is currently limited. Most reviews employed individual-level measures (e.g., income), as opposed to interpersonal- (e.g., social capital) or community-level (e.g., neighbourhood deprivation) measures. Considering mechanisms, we found some evidence for mediation via subjective social status, sense of control, and experiences of stress and trauma. There was also some evidence that higher socioeconomic status can provide a buffer for neighbourhood deprivation, lower social capital, and lower subjective social status. CONCLUSIONS Future research employing experimental or quasi-experimental methods, and systematic reviews with a low risk of bias, are necessary to advance this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isla Dougall
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Rd, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Milica Vasiljevic
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Rd, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Jack D Wright
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Rd, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Mario Weick
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Rd, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
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Niu Y, Guo X, Cai H, Luo L. The relation between family socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in mainland China: a meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1292411. [PMID: 38264252 PMCID: PMC10803464 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1292411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Family socioeconomic status (SES) is widely believed to be associated with depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. The correlation between SES and depressive symptoms changes based on social culture and the economic development level. In China, which includes many children and adolescents, the magnitude of the relationship between SES and depressive symptoms and its potential moderators remains unclear. The current meta-analysis was conducted to determine the overall association between SES and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents in mainland China. We included 197 estimates in mainland China from 2000-2023. Among 147,613 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years, the results showed a weak but significant overall negative association between SES and depression (r = -0.076). Moderator testing showed that the composite SES indicator (r = -0.104) had a stronger association with depression than parental educational level (r = -0.065) and occupational status (r = -0.025) but not family income (r = -0.088). Additionally, the negative association between SES and depression became weaker over the past 20 years in China (β = 0.010). Furthermore, the magnitude of the relationship between SES and depression was stronger in West China (r = -0.094) than in Middle China (r = -0.065), but not East China (r = -0.075). These findings indicate that the relationship between SES and depression among children and adolescents in mainland China may vary based on social contexts. It is necessary to further explore the effect of these social factors and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Niu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - He Cai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Luo
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Wilson S. Sociodemographic reporting and sample composition over 3 decades of psychopathology research: A systematic review and quantitative synthesis. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE 2024; 133:20-36. [PMID: 38147053 PMCID: PMC10947749 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Although researchers seek to understand psychological phenomena in a population, quantitative research studies are conducted in smaller samples meant to represent the larger population of interest. This systematic review and quantitative synthesis considers reporting of sociodemographic characteristics and sample composition in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology (now the Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science) over the past 3 decades. Across k = 1,244 empirical studies, there were high and increasing rates of reporting of participant age/developmental stage and sex/gender, low but increasing reporting of socioeconomic status/income, and moderate and stable reporting of educational attainment. Rates of reporting of sexual orientation remained low and reporting of gender identity was essentially nonexistent. There were low to moderate but increasing rates of reporting of participant race and ethnicity. Approximately three-quarters of participants in studies over the past 3 decades were White, while the proportion of participants who were Asian, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, or Hispanic/Latino was much lower. Approximately two-thirds of participants were female, with this proportion increasing over time. There were also notable differences in the proportion of study participants as a function of race and sex/gender for different forms of psychopathology. Basic science and theoretical psychopathology research must include sociodemographically diverse samples that are representative of and generalizable to the larger human population, while seeking to decrease stigma of psychopathology and increase mental health equity. Recommendations are made to increase sociodemographic diversity in psychopathology research and the scientific review/publication process. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylia Wilson
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota
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Rappaport BI, Kujawa A, Arfer KB, Pegg S, Kelly D, Jackson JJ, Luby JL, Barch DM. Behavioral and psychiatric correlates of brain responses to social feedback. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14413. [PMID: 37612834 PMCID: PMC10841166 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Maladaptive responses to peer acceptance and rejection arise in numerous psychiatric disorders in adolescence; yet, homogeneity and heterogeneity across disorders suggest common and unique mechanisms of impaired social function. We tested the hypothesis that social feedback is processed similarly to other forms of feedback (e.g., monetary) by examining the correspondence between the brain's response to social acceptance and rejection and behavioral performance on a separate reward and loss task. We also examined the relationship between these brain responses and depression and social anxiety severity. The sample consisted of one hundred and thirteen 16-21-year olds who received virtual peer acceptance/rejection feedback in an event-related potential (ERP) task. We used temporospatial principal component analysis and identified a component consistent with the reward positivity (RewP) or feedback negativity (FN). RewP to social acceptance was not significantly related to reward bias or the FN to social rejection related to loss avoidance. The relationship between RewP and depression severity, while nonsignificant, was of a similar magnitude to prior studies. Exploratory analyses yielded a significant relationship between lower socioeconomic status (SES) and blunted RewP and between lower SES and heightened loss avoidance and blunted reward bias. These findings build on prior work to improve our understanding of the function of the brain's response to social feedback, while also suggesting a pathway for further study, whereby poverty leads to depression via social and reward learning mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Autumn Kujawa
- Department of Psychology & Human Development Vanderbilt University
| | | | - Samantha Pegg
- Department of Psychology & Human Development Vanderbilt University
| | - Danielle Kelly
- Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Washington University in St. Louis
| | | | - Joan L. Luby
- Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Psychological & Brain Science Washington University in St. Louis
- Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Washington University in St. Louis
- Department of Radiology School of Medicine Washington University in St. Louis
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Morrison M. The Mass Incarceration Trauma Framework: A Conceptual Model for Understanding Trauma among Individuals Who Experience Incarceration. SOCIAL WORK 2023; 69:8-16. [PMID: 37935034 DOI: 10.1093/sw/swad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The Mass Incarceration Trauma (MIT) framework is a conceptual model for understanding the role of trauma in the lives of individuals who experience incarceration in the United States. This population faces poverty, violence, and discrimination across the life span. The MIT framework is guided by an ecological systems perspective, a foundational theoretical approach in social work that recognizes that effective assessment and intervention require an understanding of the complex contexts in which individuals live. The MIT framework presents the cumulative trauma exposures commonly faced by this population before, during, and after incarceration at the individual, social, environmental, and historical levels. Because traumatic stress undermines health and daily functioning, it is essential that interventions for this population address both the ongoing risk for trauma exposure and the consequences of multiple, repeated past exposures across ecological systems. It is to be hoped that a new and fundamental focus on the poverty, contexts of violence, and lifetime disadvantages experienced by those who cycle through prisons in the United States might reframe the question of how our society should prevent and respond to crime as well as respond to those swept into the criminal justice system.
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Prado-Galbarro FJ, Sanchez-Piedra C, Martínez-Núñez JM. Effect of prevalence of alcohol consumption and tobacco use in Mexican municipalities on early childhood development. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2023; 39:e00112422. [PMID: 38088737 PMCID: PMC10715566 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen112422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most critical time periods in childhood is from birth to five years of age. Children exposed to alcohol and/or tobacco via family members and neighborhood are at risk for childhood developmental delays. This study evaluated the association of early childhood development with the prevalence of alcohol consumption and tobacco use in Mexican municipalities. This is a cross-sectional study. Early childhood development information from 2,345 children aged from 36 to 59 months was obtained from the 2015 Mexican National Survey of Boys, Girls, and Women (ENIM). Data on alcohol consumption and tobacco use come from the 2016 Mexican National Survey on Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco Consumption (ENCODAT). Multilevel logistic models were fitted to evaluate the association of the prevalence of alcohol consumption and tobacco use with the inadequacy of early childhood development. Children living in municipalities with high prevalence of alcohol consumption (OR = 13.410; 95%CI: 2.986; 60.240) and tobacco use (OR = 15.080; 95%CI: 2.040; 111.400) were less likely to be developmentally on track regarding early childhood development after adjustment for individual variables related to the child's development and other environmental variables at municipal level. Childhood exposure to alcohol and tobacco in the neighborhood may directly contribute to inadequate early childhood development. These findings suggest that there is an urgent need to develop effective interventions aimed at reducing alcohol consumption and tobacco use in municipalities to ensure adequate early childhood development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco-Javier Prado-Galbarro
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, México
- Dirección de Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carlos Sanchez-Piedra
- Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Juan-Manuel Martínez-Núñez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, México
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Ye Y, Li Y, Jin S, Huang J, Ma R, Wang X, Zhou X. Family Function and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:3151-3169. [PMID: 36226805 DOI: 10.1177/15248380221126182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Family function reflects the operating status of the family system, which plays a vital role in children's mental health. The current meta-analysis examined the association between family function and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents for the first time. Studies published from 1980 to 2021 were identified via searching and screening. We identified 31 studies (91 unique effects) with 8,684 children. A three-level meta-analysis revealed that overall family function was negatively associated with PTSD (r = -0.205). Among elements of family function, family affect (r = -0.251), communication (r = -0.221), and cohesion (r = -0.184) were associated with less PTSD, whereas family conflict (r = 0.228) was associated with more PTSD in children. Family flexibility (r = -0.103) was not associated with PTSD. Moderator analyses revealed differences between various types of trauma events and family function scales. The findings highlight the differences in the roles of the elements of family function and suggest that interventions should be focused on targeting specific elements of family function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ye
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuxian Jin
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jiali Huang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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41
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McNaughton Reyes HL, Armora Langoni EG, Sharpless L, Moracco KE, Benavides Q, Foshee VA. Web-Based Delivery of a Family-Based Dating Abuse Prevention Program for Adolescents Exposed to Interparental Violence: Feasibility and Acceptability Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e49718. [PMID: 38039070 PMCID: PMC10724814 DOI: 10.2196/49718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated that exposure to caregiver intimate partner violence (IPV) can have cascading negative impacts on children that elevate the risk of involvement in dating abuse. This cascade may be prevented by programs that support the development of healthy relationships in children exposed to IPV. This paper describes the results of a study of the web-based adaptation of an evidence-based dating abuse prevention program for IPV-exposed youth and their maternal caregivers. Core information and activities from an evidence-based program, Moms and Teens for Safe Dates, were adapted to create the web-based program (e-MTSD), which comprises 1 module for mothers only and 5 modules for mother-adolescent dyads to complete together. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the e-MTSD program and the associated research processes. We also examined the practicability of randomizing mothers to receive SMS text message reminders and an action planning worksheet, which were intended to support engagement in the program. METHODS Mothers were recruited through community organizations and social media advertising and were eligible to participate if they had at least one adolescent aged 12 to 16 years of any gender identity who was willing to participate in the program with them, had experienced IPV after their adolescent was born, and were not currently living with an abusive partner. All mothers were asked to complete the program with their adolescent over a 6- to 8-week period. Participants were randomized to receive SMS text message reminders, action planning, or both using a 2×2 factorial design. Research feasibility was assessed by tracking recruitment, randomization, enrollment, and attrition rates. Program feasibility was assessed by tracking program uptake, completion, duration, and technical problems, and acceptability was assessed using web-based surveys. RESULTS Over a 6-month recruitment period, 101 eligible mother-adolescent dyads were enrolled in the study and were eligible for follow-up. The median age of the adolescent participants was 14 years; 57.4% (58/101) identified as female, 32.7% (33/101) identified as male, and 9.9% (10/101) identified as gender diverse. All but one mother accessed the program website at least once; 87.1% (88/101) completed at least one mother-adolescent program module, and 74.3% (75/101) completed all 6 program modules. Both mothers and adolescents found the program to be highly acceptable; across all program modules, over 90% of mothers and over 80% of adolescents reported that the modules kept their attention, were enjoyable, were easy to do, and provided useful information. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest the feasibility of web-based delivery and evaluation of the e-MTSD program. Furthermore, average ratings of program acceptability were high. Future research is needed to assess program efficacy and identify the predictors and outcomes of program engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Luz McNaughton Reyes
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Eliana G Armora Langoni
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Laurel Sharpless
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kathryn E Moracco
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Quetzabel Benavides
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Vangie A Foshee
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Luciana M, Barch D, Herting MM. Adolescent brain cognitive development study: Longitudinal methods, developmental findings, and associations with environmental risk factors. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 64:101311. [PMID: 37827934 PMCID: PMC10757308 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Deanna Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University of St. Louis, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Departments of Population and Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, USA
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Ray JK, Stürmlinger LL, von Krause M, Lux U, Zietlow AL. Disentangling the trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms and partnership problems in the transition to parenthood and their impact on child adjustment difficulties. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37974466 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Maternal perinatal depression (PND) and partnership problems have been identified to influence the development of later child adjustment difficulties. However, PND and partnership problems are closely linked which makes it difficult to draw conclusions about the exact transmission pathways. The aim of the present study was to investigate to what extent PND symptoms and partnership problems influence each other longitudinally and to examine the influence of their trajectories on child adjustment difficulties at the age of three. Analyses were based on publicly available data from the German family panel "pairfam". N = 354 mothers were surveyed on depressive symptoms and partnership problems annually from pregnancy (T0) until child age three (T4). Child adjustment difficulties were assessed at age three. Results of latent change score modeling showed that partnership problems predicted change in PND symptoms at T0 and T3 while PND symptoms did not predict change in partnership problems. Child adjustment difficulties at age three were predicted by PND symptoms, but not by partnership problems. Partnership problems predicted externalizing, but not internalizing symptoms. Results underline the effects of family factors for the development of child adjustment difficulties and emphasize the importance of early interventions from pregnancy onwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Ray
- Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - L L Stürmlinger
- Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M von Krause
- Faculty of Behavioral and Cultural Studies, Institute of Psychology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - U Lux
- Department Family and Family Policies, German Youth Institute (DJI), Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - A-L Zietlow
- Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Remondi C, Gerbino M, Zuffianò A, Pastorelli C, Thartori E, Bacchini D, Di Giunta L, Lunetti C, Favini A, Lansford JE, Dodge KA. The developmental trends of parental self-efficacy and adolescents' rule-breaking behaviors in the Italian context: A 7-wave latent growth curve study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293911. [PMID: 37967059 PMCID: PMC10651020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Parental self-efficacy (PSE) captures parents' beliefs in their ability to perform the parenting role successfully and to handle pivotal issues of specific developmental periods. Although previous studies have shown that, across the transition to adolescence, parents show decreasing levels of PSE while adolescents exhibit increasing engagement in rule-breaking (RB) behaviors, there is a paucity of studies investigating whether and how changes in PSE are related to late adolescents' RB behaviors across development. The present study examined the developmental trends of PSE among Italian mothers and fathers over seven waves (representing children's transition from late childhood to late adolescence; approximately from 9 to 18 years old) as well as the longitudinal associations between PSE and RB behaviors during late adolescence. Data were drawn from seven waves of the Parenting Across Cultures (PAC) project, a large-scale longitudinal, cross-cultural study, and included 200 Italian children (MAgeAtTime1 = 9.80, SD = 0.65; 50.5% girls) and their parents (200 mothers; 190 fathers). PSE was measured across all seven time-points (from T1 to T7), while adolescents' RB behaviors were measured at the first and last assessment (T1 and T7). Results of univariate latent growth models showed a cubic trend of mothers' PSE, which revealed a decreasing pattern characterized initially by a slight decline, followed by a rebound before continuously decreasing. By contrast, fathers' PSE followed a linear decrease over time. Finally, our findings evidenced that only the slope of mothers' PSE negatively predicted adolescents' RB behaviors at T7, implying that mothers who maintained higher levels of PSE over time had children who later engaged in lower RB behaviors. The study implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Remondi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gerbino
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Zuffianò
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Eriona Thartori
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Human Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Di Giunta
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Lunetti
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ainzara Favini
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jennifer E. Lansford
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kenneth A. Dodge
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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Martino RM, Weissman DG, McLaughlin KA, Hatzenbuehler ML. Associations Between Structural Stigma and Psychopathology Among Early Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37916808 PMCID: PMC11063121 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2272936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ample evidence demonstrates that structural stigma - defined as societal-level conditions, cultural norms, and institutional policies and practices that constrain opportunities, resources, and well-being of stigmatized populations - is associated with psychopathology in adults from marginalized groups. Yet there is limited research on whether structural stigma is similarly associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms among youth. METHOD Structural stigma related to sex, sexual orientation, race, and Latinx ethnicity was measured using indicators of state-level policy and aggregated attitudes. Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 10,414; M age = 12 years, SD = 0.66; 48% female, 6.8% lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB), 13.4% Black, 20% Latinx), we examined associations of structural stigma with internalizing and externalizing symptoms among female, LGB, Black, and Latinx youth. RESULTS LGB youth living in higher (vs. lower) structural stigma states had elevated levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In lower structural stigma states, there were no differences in externalizing symptoms between LGB and heterosexual youth. Similarly, Latinx youth and females living in higher (vs. lower) structural stigma states had elevated levels of externalizing symptoms. In lower structural stigma states, there were no differences in externalizing symptoms between Latinx youth and non-Latinx White youth. Structural stigma related to race was unrelated to internalizing or externalizing symptoms for Black youth. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence that macro-level social environments, in the form of structural stigma, contribute to adverse mental health outcomes for marginalized youth and partly explain disparities in externalizing symptoms.
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Elhoff JJ, Kasparian NA. If Not Now, When? Taking Action to Improve Mental Health Outcomes for Families of Children With Heart Disease. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2023; 24:966-969. [PMID: 37916879 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Elhoff
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrix Medical Group/Sunrise Children's Hospital and Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Nadine A Kasparian
- Heart and Mind Wellbeing Center, Heart Institute and Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
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Herzberg MP, Triplett R, McCarthy R, Kaplan S, Alexopoulos D, Meyer D, Arora J, Miller JP, Smyser TA, Herzog ED, England SK, Zhao P, Barch DM, Rogers CE, Warner BB, Smyser CD, Luby J. The Association Between Maternal Cortisol and Infant Amygdala Volume Is Moderated by Socioeconomic Status. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:837-846. [PMID: 37881545 PMCID: PMC10593881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has been well established that socioeconomic status is associated with mental and physical health as well as brain development, with emerging data suggesting that these relationships begin in utero. However, less is known about how prenatal socioeconomic environments interact with the gestational environment to affect neonatal brain volume. Methods Maternal cortisol output measured at each trimester of pregnancy and neonatal brain structure were assessed in 241 mother-infant dyads. We examined associations between the trajectory of maternal cortisol output across pregnancy and volumes of cortisol receptor-rich regions of the brain, including the amygdala, hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and caudate. Given the known effects of poverty on infant brain structure, socioeconomic disadvantage was included as a moderating variable. Results Neonatal amygdala volume was predicted by an interaction between maternal cortisol output across pregnancy and socioeconomic disadvantage (standardized β = -0.31, p < .001), controlling for postmenstrual age at scan, infant sex, and total gray matter volume. Notably, amygdala volumes were positively associated with maternal cortisol for infants with maternal disadvantage scores 1 standard deviation below the mean (i.e., less disadvantage) (simple slope = 123.36, p < .01), while the association was negative in infants with maternal disadvantage 1 standard deviation above the mean (i.e., more disadvantage) (simple slope = -82.70, p = .02). Individuals with disadvantage scores at the mean showed no association, and there were no significant interactions in the other brain regions examined. Conclusions These data suggest that fetal development of the amygdala is differentially affected by maternal cortisol production at varying levels of socioeconomic advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max P. Herzberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Regina Triplett
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ronald McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sydney Kaplan
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Dominique Meyer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jyoti Arora
- Department of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - J. Philip Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Tara A. Smyser
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Erik D. Herzog
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sarah K. England
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Peinan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Cynthia E. Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Barbara B. Warner
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Christopher D. Smyser
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Joan Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
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Tomasi D, Volkow ND. Effects of family income on brain functional connectivity in US children: associations with cognition. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4195-4202. [PMID: 37580525 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Higher family income (FI) is associated with larger cortical gray matter volume and improved cognitive performance in children. However, little is known about the effects of FI on brain functional and structural connectivity. This cross-sectional study investigates the effects of FI on brain connectivity and cognitive performance in 9- to 11-years old children (n = 8739) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Lower FI was associated with decreased global functional connectivity density (gFCD) in the default-mode network (DMN), inferior and superior parietal cortices and in posterior cerebellum, and increased gFCD in motor, auditory, and extrastriate visual areas, and in subcortical regions both for girls and boys. Findings demonstrated high reproducibility in Discovery and Reproducibility samples. Cognitive performance partially mediated the association between FI and DMN connectivity, whereas DMN connectivity did not mediate the association between FI and cognitive performance. In contrast, there was no significant association between FI and structural connectivity. Findings suggest that poor cognitive performance, which likely reflects multiple factors (genetic, nutritional, the level and quality of parental interactions, and educational exposure [1]), contributes to reduced DMN functional connectivity in children from low-income families. Follow-up studies are needed to help clarify if this leads to reductions in structural connectivity as these children age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dardo Tomasi
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Nora D Volkow
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Carter JS, McNair G, Bushnell A, Saldana L, Grant KE. Sports Participation, Frequency, and Competence Differentially Impact Youth Depressive, Anxious, and Somatic Symptoms: Gender, Neighborhood, and Sports Type Effects. Ment Health Phys Act 2023; 25:100562. [PMID: 38053916 PMCID: PMC10695357 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2023.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Mental health problems are prevalent in adolescence, but sports participation may offer mental health benefits through this developmental period and beyond. Characteristics of sports participation including perceived frequency and competence may differentially predict adolescent depressive, anxious, and somatic symptoms over time and results may further vary according to gender, neighborhood context, and type of sport engagement. Data were collected at two time-points six months apart from an ethnically diverse sample of adolescents (N = 183, female = 51%). Youth sports participation and symptoms were measured using the Youth Self-Report (YSR; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001). Path analyses were used to test for main and moderating effects of sports on symptoms. Results showed that categorical sports participation did not prospectively predict any type of internalizing symptoms, but perceived frequency and competence did. Competence predicted lower levels of symptoms while frequency predicted higher levels of symptoms. These results were further moderated by gender, neighborhood, and sport type such that frequency and competence predicted symptoms for girls and for youth in more resourced neighborhoods and who participated in team sports. These findings highlight the impact that sports participation can have on adolescent mental health in an ethnically diverse sample of urban youth.
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50
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Phillips EM, Brock RL, James TD, Nelson JM, Mason WA, Espy KA, Nelson TD. Does preschool executive control mediate the impact of early environmental unpredictability and deprivation on the general factor of psychopathology a decade later? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:1505-1516. [PMID: 36872576 PMCID: PMC10911046 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although deprivation has been consistently shown to increase risk for psychopathology through impaired executive control, the unique effects of other dimensions of early adversity, such as unpredictability, on executive control development are poorly understood. The current study evaluated whether deprivation and/or unpredictability early in life have unique effects on the general factor of psychopathology through impaired preschool executive control. METHODS Participants included 312 children (51% female) oversampled for greater sociodemographic risk. Preschool executive control was measured using a battery of nine developmentally appropriate executive control tasks. Dimensions of adversity were measured with observational and caregiver assessments, and psychopathology was measured with caregiver and child reports. RESULTS In separate models, both deprivation and unpredictability had significant indirect effects on the adolescent general factor of psychopathology through impaired preschool executive control. However, when both dimensions of adversity were included simultaneously, early life deprivation, but not unpredictability, was uniquely associated with the general factor of psychopathology in adolescence through impaired preschool executive control. CONCLUSIONS Preschool executive control appears to be a transdiagnostic mechanism through which deprivation, but not unpredictability, increases risk for the general factor of psychopathology in adolescence. Results elucidate potential transdiagnostic targets for intervention efforts aimed at reducing the development and maintenance of psychopathology across the life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Phillips
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Rebecca L Brock
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Tiffany D James
- Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jennifer Mize Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - W Alex Mason
- Department of Child, Youth, & Family Studies, Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Kimberly Andrews Espy
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Timothy D Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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