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Atagozli T, Elliott DE, Ince MN. Helminth Lessons in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). Biomedicines 2023; 11:1200. [PMID: 37189818 PMCID: PMC10135676 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Helminths are multicellular invertebrates that colonize the gut of many vertebrate animals including humans. This colonization can result in pathology, which requires treatment. It can also lead to a commensal and possibly even a symbiotic relationship where the helminth and the host benefit from each other's presence. Epidemiological data have linked helminth exposure to protection from immune disorders that include a wide range of diseases, such as allergies, autoimmune illnesses, and idiopathic inflammatory disorders of the gut, which are grouped as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Treatment of moderate to severe IBD involves the use of immune modulators and biologics, which can cause life-threatening complications. In this setting, their safety profile makes helminths or helminth products attractive as novel therapeutic approaches to treat IBD or other immune disorders. Helminths stimulate T helper-2 (Th2) and immune regulatory pathways, which are targeted in IBD treatment. Epidemiological explorations, basic science studies, and clinical research on helminths can lead to the development of safe, potent, and novel therapeutic approaches to prevent or treat IBD in addition to other immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Atagozli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - David E. Elliott
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
- Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Mirac Nedim Ince
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
- Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
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2
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Singh R, Rossini V, Stockdale SR, Saiz-Gonzalo G, Hanrahan N, D’ Souza T, Clooney A, Draper LA, Hill C, Nally K, Shanahan F, Andersson-Engels S, Melgar S. An IBD-associated pathobiont synergises with NSAID to promote colitis which is blocked by NLRP3 inflammasome and Caspase-8 inhibitors. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2163838. [PMID: 36656595 PMCID: PMC9858430 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2163838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Conflicting evidence exists on the association between consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and symptomatic worsening of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We hypothesized that the heterogeneous prevalence of pathobionts [e.g., adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC)], might explain this inconsistent NSAIDs/IBD correlation. Using IL10-/- mice, we found that NSAID aggravated colitis in AIEC-colonized animals. This was accompanied by activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, Caspase-8, apoptosis, and pyroptosis, features not seen in mice exposed to AIEC or NSAID alone, revealing an AIEC/NSAID synergistic effect. Inhibition of NLRP3 or Caspase-8 activity ameliorated colitis, with reduction in NLRP3 inflammasome activation, cell death markers, activated T-cells and macrophages, improved histology, and increased abundance of Clostridium cluster XIVa species. Our findings provide new insights into how NSAIDs and an opportunistic gut-pathobiont can synergize to worsen IBD symptoms. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome or Caspase-8 could be a potential therapeutic strategy in IBD patients with gut inflammation, which is worsened by NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raminder Singh
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Valerio Rossini
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Gonzalo Saiz-Gonzalo
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Naomi Hanrahan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Tanya D’ Souza
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Adam Clooney
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ken Nally
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus Shanahan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stefan Andersson-Engels
- Irish Photonics Integration Centre, Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland,Department of Physics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Silvia Melgar
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,CONTACT Silvia Melgar APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Biosciences Building, 4th Floor, Cork, Ireland
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3
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Wu W, Zhou D, Xuan R, Zhou J, Liu J, Chen J, Han H, Niu T, Li X, Chen H, Wang F. λ-carrageenan exacerbates Citrobacter rodentium-induced infectious colitis in mice by targeting gut microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105940. [PMID: 34666171 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For nearly half a century, the scientific community has been unable to agree upon the safety profile of carrageenan (CGN), a ubiquitous food additive. Little is known about the mechanisms by which consumption of CGN aggravates the etiopathogenesis of murine colitis. However, analyses of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity have provided a breakthrough in explaining the synergistic effect of CGN upon colitis. In Citrobacter rodentium-induced infectious murine colitis, inflammation and the clinical severity of gut tissue were aggravated in the presence of λ-CGN. Using fecal transplantation and germ-free mice experiments, we evaluated the role of intestinal microbiota on the pro-inflammatory effect of λ-CGN. Mice with high dietary λ-CGN consumption showed altered colonic microbiota composition that resulted in degradation of the colonic mucus layer, a raised fecal LPS level, and a decrease in the presence of bacterially derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Mucus layer defects and altered fecal LPS and SCFA levels could be reproduced in germ-free mice by fecal transplantation from CGN-H-fed mice, but not from germ-free CGN-H-fed mice. Our results confirm that λ-CGN may create an environment that favors inflammation by altering gut microbiota composition and gut bacterial metabolism. The present study provides evidence that the "gut microbiota-barrier axis" could be an alternative target for ameliorating the colitis promoting effect of λ-CGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Sleep Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Rongrong Xuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jingwangwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Hui Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Tingting Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Sleep Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Haimin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China.
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4
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Dammes N, Goldsmith M, Ramishetti S, Dearling JLJ, Veiga N, Packard AB, Peer D. Conformation-sensitive targeting of lipid nanoparticles for RNA therapeutics. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1030-1038. [PMID: 34140675 PMCID: PMC7611664 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00928-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The successful in vivo implementation of gene expression modulation strategies relies on effective, non-immunogenic delivery vehicles. Lipid nanoparticles are one of the most advanced non-viral clinically approved nucleic-acid delivery systems. Yet lipid nanoparticles accumulate naturally in liver cells upon intravenous administration, and hence, there is an urgent need to enhance uptake by other cell types. Here we use a conformation-sensitive targeting strategy to achieve in vivo gene silencing in a selective subset of leukocytes and show potential therapeutic applications in a murine model of colitis. In particular, by targeting the high-affinity conformation of α4β7 integrin, which is a hallmark of inflammatory gut-homing leukocytes, we silenced interferon-γ in the gut, resulting in an improved therapeutic outcome in experimental colitis. The lipid nanoparticles did not induce adverse immune activation or liver toxicity. These results suggest that our lipid nanoparticle targeting strategy might be applied for selective delivery of payloads to other conformation-sensitive targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Dammes
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Meir Goldsmith
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Srinivas Ramishetti
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jason L J Dearling
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nuphar Veiga
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alan B Packard
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dan Peer
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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5
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Mas-Orea X, Sebert M, Benamar M, Petitfils C, Blanpied C, Saoudi A, Deraison C, Barreau F, Cenac N, Dietrich G. Peripheral Opioid Receptor Blockade Enhances Epithelial Damage in Piroxicam-Accelerated Colitis in IL-10-Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7387. [PMID: 34299013 PMCID: PMC8304158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal CD4+ T lymphocytes display a potent opioid-mediated analgesic activity in interleukin (IL)-10 knockout mouse model of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Considering that endogenous opioids may also exhibit anti-inflammatory activities in the periphery, we examined the consequences of a peripheral opioid receptor blockade by naloxone-methiodide, a general opioid receptor antagonist unable to cross the blood-brain barrier, on the development of piroxicam-accelerated colitis in IL-10-deficient (IL-10-/-) mice. Here, we show that IL-10-deficient mice treated with piroxicam exhibited significant alterations of the intestinal barrier function, including permeability, inflammation-related bioactive lipid mediators, and mucosal CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets. Opioid receptor antagonization in the periphery had virtually no effect on colitis severity but significantly worsened epithelial cell apoptosis and intestinal permeability. Thus, although the endogenous opioid tone is not sufficient to reduce the severity of colitis significantly, it substantially contributes to the protection of the physical integrity of the epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Mas-Orea
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (X.M.-O.); (M.S.); (C.P.); (C.B.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Morgane Sebert
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (X.M.-O.); (M.S.); (C.P.); (C.B.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Mehdi Benamar
- INFINITY, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, CNRS, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (M.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Camille Petitfils
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (X.M.-O.); (M.S.); (C.P.); (C.B.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Catherine Blanpied
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (X.M.-O.); (M.S.); (C.P.); (C.B.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- INFINITY, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, CNRS, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (M.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Céline Deraison
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (X.M.-O.); (M.S.); (C.P.); (C.B.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Frederick Barreau
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (X.M.-O.); (M.S.); (C.P.); (C.B.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicolas Cenac
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (X.M.-O.); (M.S.); (C.P.); (C.B.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Gilles Dietrich
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse—Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France; (X.M.-O.); (M.S.); (C.P.); (C.B.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (N.C.)
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6
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Sun H, Lagarrigue F, Wang H, Fan Z, Lopez-Ramirez MA, Chang JT, Ginsberg MH. Distinct integrin activation pathways for effector and regulatory T cell trafficking and function. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20201524. [PMID: 33104169 PMCID: PMC7590511 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin activation mediates lymphocyte trafficking and immune functions. Conventional T cell (Tconv cell) integrin activation requires Rap1-interacting adaptor molecule (RIAM). Here, we report that Apbb1ip-/- (RIAM-null) mice are protected from spontaneous colitis due to IL-10 deficiency, a model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Protection is ascribable to reduced accumulation and homing of Tconv cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Surprisingly, there are abundant RIAM-null regulatory T cells (T reg cells) in the GALT. RIAM-null T reg cells exhibit normal homing to GALT and lymph nodes due to preserved activation of integrins αLβ2, α4β1, and α4β7. Similar to Tconv cells, T reg cell integrin activation and immune function require Rap1; however, lamellipodin (Raph1), a RIAM paralogue, compensates for RIAM deficiency. Thus, in contrast to Tconv cells, RIAM is dispensable for T reg cell integrin activation and suppressive function. In consequence, inhibition of RIAM can inhibit spontaneous Tconv cell-mediated autoimmune colitis while preserving T reg cell trafficking and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Frederic Lagarrigue
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Hsin Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | | | - John T. Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mark H. Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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7
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Boland BS, He Z, Tsai MS, Olvera JG, Omilusik KD, Duong HG, Kim ES, Limary AE, Jin W, Milner JJ, Yu B, Patel SA, Louis TL, Tysl T, Kurd NS, Bortnick A, Quezada LK, Kanbar JN, Miralles A, Huylebroeck D, Valasek MA, Dulai PS, Singh S, Lu LF, Bui JD, Murre C, Sandborn WJ, Goldrath AW, Yeo GW, Chang JT. Heterogeneity and clonal relationships of adaptive immune cells in ulcerative colitis revealed by single-cell analyses. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/50/eabb4432. [PMID: 32826341 PMCID: PMC7733868 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abb4432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses a spectrum of gastrointestinal disorders driven by dysregulated immune responses against gut microbiota. We integrated single-cell RNA and antigen receptor sequencing to elucidate key components, cellular states, and clonal relationships of the peripheral and gastrointestinal mucosal immune systems in health and ulcerative colitis (UC). UC was associated with an increase in IgG1+ plasma cells in colonic tissue, increased colonic regulatory T cells characterized by elevated expression of the transcription factor ZEB2, and an enrichment of a γδ T cell subset in the peripheral blood. Moreover, we observed heterogeneity in CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells in colonic tissue, with four transcriptionally distinct states of differentiation observed across health and disease. In the setting of UC, there was a marked shift of clonally related CD8+ TRM cells toward an inflammatory state, mediated, in part, by increased expression of the T-box transcription factor Eomesodermin. Together, these results provide a detailed atlas of transcriptional changes occurring in adaptive immune cells in the context of UC and suggest a role for CD8+ TRM cells in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigid S Boland
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhaoren He
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew S Tsai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jocelyn G Olvera
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kyla D Omilusik
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Han G Duong
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eleanor S Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abigail E Limary
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wenhao Jin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Justin Milner
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bingfei Yu
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shefali A Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tiani L Louis
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tiffani Tysl
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nadia S Kurd
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Bortnick
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lauren K Quezada
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jad N Kanbar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ara Miralles
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mark A Valasek
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Parambir S Dulai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Siddharth Singh
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Li-Fan Lu
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jack D Bui
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cornelis Murre
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William J Sandborn
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ananda W Goldrath
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John T Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Division of Gastroenterology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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8
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Sharma U, Olson RK, Erhart FN, Zhang L, Meng J, Segura B, Banerjee S, Sharma M, Saluja AK, Ramakrishnan S, Abreu MT, Roy S. Prescription Opioids induce Gut Dysbiosis and Exacerbate Colitis in a Murine Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:801-817. [PMID: 31773170 PMCID: PMC7346895 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Opioids are the most prescribed analgesics for pain in inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD]; however, the consequences of opioid use on IBD severity are not well defined. This is the first study investigating consequences of hydromorphone in both dextran sodium sulphate [DSS]-induced colitis and spontaneous colitis (IL-10 knockout [IL-10-/-]) mouse models of IBD. METHODS To determine the consequences of opioids on IBD pathogenesis, wild-type [WT] mice were treated with clinically relevant doses of hydromorphone and colitis was induced via 3% DSS in drinking water for 5 days. In parallel we also determined the consequences of opioids in a spontaneous colitis model. RESULTS Hydromorphone and DSS independently induced barrier dysfunction, bacterial translocation, disruption of tight junction organisation and increased intestinal and systemic inflammation, which were exacerbated in mice receiving hydromorphone in combination with DSS. Hydromorphone + DSS-treated mice exhibited significant microbial dysbiosis. Predictive metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiota revealed high abundance in the bacterial communities associated with virulence, antibiotic resistance, toxin production, and inflammatory properties. Hydromorphone modulates tight junction organisation in a myosin light chain kinase [MLCK]-dependent manner. Treatment with MLCK inhibitor ML-7 ameliorates the detrimental effects of hydromorphone on DSS-induced colitis and thus decreases severity of IBD. Similarly, we demonstrated that hydromorphone treatment in IL-10-/- mice resulted in accelerated clinical manifestations of colitis compared with control mice. CONCLUSIONS Opioids used for pain management in IBD accelerate IBD progression by dysregulation of the gut microbiota, leading to expansion of pathogenic bacteria, translocation of bacteria, immune deregulation and sustained inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakant Sharma
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Li Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jingjing Meng
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bradley Segura
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Santanu Banerjee
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Madhulika Sharma
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar Saluja
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sundaram Ramakrishnan
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maria T Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sabita Roy
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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9
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Basso L, Benamar M, Mas-Orea X, Deraison C, Blanpied C, Cenac N, Saoudi A, Dietrich G. Endogenous control of inflammatory visceral pain by T cell-derived opioids in IL-10-deficient mice. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020; 32:e13743. [PMID: 31588671 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The opioid-mediated analgesic activity of mucosal CD4+ T lymphocytes in colitis has been reported in immunocompetent mice so far. Here, we investigated whether CD4+ T lymphocytes alleviate from inflammation-induced abdominal pain in mice with defective immune regulation. METHODS Endogenous control of visceral pain by opioids locally produced in inflamed mucosa was assessed in IL-10-deficient mice. KEY RESULTS CD4+ T lymphocytes but not F4/80+ macrophages isolated from the lamina propria of IL-10-deficient mice with colitis express enkephalin-containing opioid peptides as assessed by cytofluorometry. Colitis in IL-10-/- mice was not associated with abdominal pain. Intraperitoneal injection of naloxone-methiodide, a peripheral opioid receptor antagonist, induced abdominal hypersensitivity in IL-10-/- mice with colitis. CONCLUSION AND INFERENCES Opioid-mediated analgesic activity of mucosal T lymphocytes remains operating in IL-10-/- mice with impaired immune regulation. The data suggest that endogenous T cell-derived opioids might reduce inflammation-induced abdominal pain in inflammatory bowel diseases associated with homozygous "loss of function mutations" in interleukin-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Basso
- IRSD, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Mehdi Benamar
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), UPS, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Xavier Mas-Orea
- IRSD, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Deraison
- IRSD, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nicolas Cenac
- IRSD, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), UPS, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Dietrich
- IRSD, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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10
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Sun H, Kuk W, Rivera-Nieves J, Lopez-Ramirez MA, Eckmann L, Ginsberg MH. β7 Integrin Inhibition Can Increase Intestinal Inflammation by Impairing Homing of CD25 hiFoxP3 + Regulatory T Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 9:369-385. [PMID: 31707128 PMCID: PMC7016000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Integrin α4β7 mediates lymphocyte trafficking to the gut and gut-associated lymphoid tissues, a process critical for recruitment of effector lymphocytes from the circulation to the gut mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and murine models of intestinal inflammation. Antibody blockade of β7 integrins generally is efficacious in IBD; however, some patients fail to respond, and a few patients can experience exacerbations. This study examined the effects of loss of β7 integrin function in murine models of IBD. METHODS In a mouse IBD model caused by lack of interleukin 10, a cytokine important in CD25hiFoxP3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) function, genetic deletion of β7 integrin or antibody blockade of α4β7-mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 interaction paradoxically exacerbated colitis. RESULTS Loss of β7 impaired the capacity of Tregs homing to the gut and therefore suppress intestinal inflammation in an adoptive T-cell transfer model; however, the intrinsic suppressive function of β7-deficient Tregs remained intact, indicating that the β7 deficiency selectively impacts gut homing. Deletion of β7 integrin did not worsen colitis in an acute dextran sodium sulfate model in which Treg number and function were normal. CONCLUSIONS In Integrin subunit beta (Itgb)7-/-Il10-/- mice, loss of β7-dependent Treg homing to gut-associated lymphoid tissues combined with loss of intrinsic Treg function exacerbated intestinal inflammation. These results suggest that IBD patients with reduced CD25hiFoxP3+ Treg numbers or function or lack of interleukin 10 could be at risk for failure of α4β7 blocking therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Wun Kuk
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jesús Rivera-Nieves
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Lars Eckmann
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Mark H Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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11
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Zachariassen LF, Hansen AK, Krych L, Nielsen DS, Holm TL, Tougaard P, Hansen CHF. Cesarean section increases sensitivity to oxazolone-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:1348-1357. [PMID: 31554900 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Children born by cesarean section (CS) have an increased risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), possibly due to skewed microbial colonization during birth and consequently impaired bacterial stimulation of the developing immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between CS and experimental colitis in a murine model of IBD. It was hypothesized that CS aggravates colonic inflammation due to a change in gut microbiota (GM) composition. C57BL/6 mice, delivered by CS or vaginal delivery (VD), were intra-rectally challenged with oxazolone at 8 weeks of age and monitored for colitis symptoms. The results showed that CS delivered mice experienced an increased body weight loss and colon weight, together with higher colonic concentrations of TNF-α and MPO compared with VD mice. Increased infiltration of inflammatory cells was present in CS delivered mice, as well as a downregulation in expression of the gut integrity genes occludin and tight junction protein 1 indicative of an impaired barrier function. The GM from CS delivered mice without colitis partly contributed to the increase in colitis symptoms when inoculated into germ-free recipient mice. In conclusion, CS increased sensitivity to oxazolone induced colitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Fisker Zachariassen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lukasz Krych
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dennis Sandris Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Tougaard
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB-Ugent Center for Inflammation Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium.,Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Meriwether D, Sulaiman D, Volpe C, Dorfman A, Grijalva V, Dorreh N, Solorzano-Vargas RS, Wang J, O’Connor E, Papesh J, Larauche M, Trost H, Palgunachari MN, Anantharamaiah G, Herschman HR, Martin MG, Fogelman AM, Reddy ST. Apolipoprotein A-I mimetics mitigate intestinal inflammation in COX2-dependent inflammatory bowel disease model. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:3670-3685. [PMID: 31184596 PMCID: PMC6715371 DOI: 10.1172/jci123700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2) total knockout and myeloid knockout (MKO) mice develop Crohn's-like intestinal inflammation when fed cholate-containing high fat diet (CCHF). We demonstrated that CCHF impaired intestinal barrier function and increased translocation of endotoxin, initiating TLR/MyD88-dependent inflammation in Cox2 KO but not WT mice. Cox2 MKO increased pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS-activated macrophages, and in the intestinal tissue and plasma upon CCHF challenge. Cox2 MKO also reduced inflammation resolving lipoxin A4 (LXA4) in intestinal tissue, while administration of an LXA4 analog rescued disease in Cox2 MKO mice fed CCHF. The apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1) mimetic 4F mitigated disease in both the Cox2 MKO/CCHF and piroxicam-accelerated Il10-/- models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and reduced elevated levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in tissue and plasma. APOA1 mimetic Tg6F therapy was also effective in reducing intestinal inflammation in the Cox2 MKO/CCHF model. We further demonstrated that APOA1 mimetic peptides: i) inhibited LPS and oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-phosphatidylcholine (oxPAPC) dependent pro-inflammatory responses in human macrophages and intestinal epithelium; and ii) directly cleared pro-inflammatory lipids from mouse intestinal tissue and plasma. Our results support a causal role for pro-inflammatory and inflammation resolving lipids in IBD pathology and a translational potential for APOA1 mimetic peptides for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Meriwether
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jifang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, and
| | | | | | - Muriel Larauche
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | | | - G.M. Anantharamaiah
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | | | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Degree Program
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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13
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Tougaard P, Martinsen LO, Zachariassen LF, Krych L, Nielsen DS, Buus TB, Pedersen AE, Hansen AK, Skov S, Hansen CHF. TL1A Aggravates Cytokine-Induced Acute Gut Inflammation and Potentiates Infiltration of Intraepithelial Natural Killer Cells in Mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2019; 25:510-523. [PMID: 30462201 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-homologous cytokine TL1A is emerging as a major player in intestinal inflammation. From in vitro experiments on human lymphocytes, TNF-like molecule 1A (TL1A) is known to activate a highly inflammatory lymphoid response in synergy with interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18. Carriers of specific genetic polymorphisms associated with IL-12, IL-18, or TL1A signaling have increased Crohn's disease risk, and all 3 cytokines are upregulated during active disease. The study aim was to investigate whether the type 1-polarizing cytokines IL-12 and IL-18 could directly initiate intestinal pathology in mice and how TL1A would influence the resulting inflammatory response. METHODS Conventional barrier-bred and germ-free mice were randomly allocated to different groups and injected twice with different combinations of IL-12, IL-18, and TL1A, and killed 3 days after the first injection. All treatment groups were co-housed and fed a piroxicam-supplemented chow diet. RESULTS Intestinal pathology was evident in IL-12- and IL-18-treated mice and highly exacerbated by TL1A in both the colon and ileum. The cytokine-induced intestinal inflammation was characterized by epithelial damage, increased colonic levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and IL-6, and various chemokines along with gut microbiota alterations exhibiting high abundance of Enterobacteriaceae. Furthermore, the inflamed ileum and colon exhibited a TL1A-specific increased infiltration of intraepithelial natural killer cells co-expressing NKG2D and IL-18Ra and a higher frequency of unconventional T cells in the colonic epithelium. Upon cytokine injection, germ-free mice exhibited similar intraepithelial lymphoid infiltration and increased colonic levels of IFNγ and TNFα. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that TL1A aggravates IL-12- and IL-18-induced intestinal inflammation in the presence and absence of microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tougaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Otterstrøm Martinsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Fisker Zachariassen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lukasz Krych
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Terkild Brink Buus
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Elm Pedersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Skov
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Maseda D, Banerjee A, Johnson EM, Washington MK, Kim H, Lau KS, Crofford LJ. mPGES-1-Mediated Production of PGE 2 and EP4 Receptor Sensing Regulate T Cell Colonic Inflammation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2954. [PMID: 30619314 PMCID: PMC6302013 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PGE2 is a lipid mediator of the initiation and resolution phases of inflammation, as well as a regulator of immune system responses to inflammatory events. PGE2 is produced and sensed by T cells, and autocrine or paracrine PGE2 can affect T cell phenotype and function. In this study, we use a T cell-dependent model of colitis to evaluate the role of PGE2 on pathological outcome and T-cell phenotypes. CD4+ T effector cells either deficient in mPGES-1 or the PGE2 receptor EP4 are less colitogenic. Absence of T cell autocrine mPGES1-dependent PGE2 reduces colitogenicity in association with an increase in CD4+RORγt+ cells in the lamina propria. In contrast, recipient mice deficient in mPGES-1 exhibit more severe colitis that corresponds with a reduced capacity to generate FoxP3+ T cells, especially in mesenteric lymph nodes. Thus, our research defines how mPGES-1-driven production of PGE2 by different cell types in distinct intestinal locations impacts T cell function during colitis. We conclude that PGE2 has profound effects on T cell phenotype that are dependent on the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Maseda
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Amrita Banerjee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Johnson
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Mary Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Hyeyon Kim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ken S Lau
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Leslie J Crofford
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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15
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Martín R, Chain F, Miquel S, Motta JP, Vergnolle N, Sokol H, Langella P. Using murine colitis models to analyze probiotics-host interactions. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 41:S49-S70. [PMID: 28830096 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fux035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are defined as 'live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host'. So, to consider a microorganism as a probiotic, a demonstrable beneficial effect on the health host should be shown as well as an adequate defined safety status and the capacity to survive transit through the gastrointestinal tract and to storage conditions. In this review, we present an overview of the murine colitis models currently employed to test the beneficial effect of the probiotic strains as well as an overview of the probiotics already tested. Our aim is to highlight both the importance of the adequate selection of the animal model to test the potential probiotic strains and of the value of the knowledge generated by these in vivo tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Martín
- INRA, Commensals and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florian Chain
- INRA, Commensals and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvie Miquel
- Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement (LMGE), UMR CNRS 6023, Université Clermont-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Paul Motta
- Department of Biological Science, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, AB T3E 4N1, Canada.,IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Vergnolle
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- INRA, Commensals and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Sorbonne University - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), 75252 Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Equipe de Recherche Labélisée (ERL) 1157, Avenir Team Gut Microbiota and Immunity, 75012 Paris, France.,Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, UPMC, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- INRA, Commensals and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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16
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Evaluating IL-21 as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Crohn's Disease. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018; 2018:5962624. [PMID: 29849593 PMCID: PMC5914125 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5962624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is primarily a T cell-derived cytokine; it is upregulated in patients with Crohn's Disease (CD) and could be a potential new therapeutic target in CD. Methods In human material, IL-21 and IL-21R expression was investigated by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in noninflammatory bowel disease (non-IBD) controls and patients with CD. The pathologic role of IL-21 was examined in murine models of T cell-dependent and T cell-independent colitis, either with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against IL-21 or with the transfer of CD4+CD45RBhighIL-21R-/- T cells. Colonic pathology was examined by endoscopy, histopathology, IHC, ELISA, and Luminex. Results In the human intestine, IL-21 and IL-21R mRNA and protein-expressing cells were observed in the mucosa, in lymphoid aggregates of submucosa in non-IBD controls, and in lymphoid aggregates of muscularis externa in patients with CD. IL-21 expression was most abundant in germinal centers (GCs) of the lymphoid aggregates, and IL-21R expression assessed semiquantitatively, was significantly higher in patients with CD compared to non-IBD controls. Following prophylactic and interventive anti-IL-21 mAb treatment in the adoptive transfer (AdTr) model, clinical and pathological parameters were significantly reduced. The most persistent finding was a reduction in colonic infiltrating neutrophils. As well, Rag2-/- mice receiving CD4+CD45RBhighIL-21R-/- T cells developed less severe colitis compared to Rag2-/- mice receiving CD4+CD45RBhighIL-21R+/+ T cells. No effect of reduced IL-21 signalling was observed in T cell-independent colitis. Conclusion Our study shows that patients with CD have significant expression of IL-21 and IL-21R in the gut. As well, we show that neutralization of IL-21 in experimental T cell-driven colitis is associated with a reduction in clinical and pathological findings. This amelioration seems to be associated with a reduction in colon-infiltrating neutrophils.
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17
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Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) shows increasing prevalence over the last years. We propose that anti-inflammatory plant substances could be used as additional or alternative agents with good compliance in prevention and/or therapy of IBD and its complication intestinal fibrosis. We could recently show that the citrus flavonoid nobiletin acts anti-inflammatory on activation of intestinal mast cells. Here, we analysed the effects of nobiletin on inflammation and fibrosis in IL-10-/- colitis. METHODS IL-10-/- and wild-type (WT) mice were orally treated with/without vehicle or nobiletin. Clinical symptoms of colitis and disease activity index (DAI) were assessed, and colon tissue was analysed for tissue damage, cellular infiltration, bowel wall thickness, mast cell number and degranulation, as well as collagen deposition as marker for fibrosis. Human intestinal fibroblasts (hiFB) were treated with nobiletin and the expression of collagen and pro-inflammatory cytokines was measured. RESULTS Nobiletin treatment of IL-10-/- mice resulted in a reduction of clinical colitis symptoms and a longer survival time. In addition, histological scores of colitis were reduced compared to control groups. Mast cell number and degranulation was lower in nobiletin treated IL-10-/- mice, and correlated positively with DAI. As well, fibrotic marker of collagen deposition was reduced by nobiletin. In hiFB, the expression of collagen as well as of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF and CCL2 was down-regulated by nobiletin treatment. CONCLUSIONS Nobiletin decreases inflammatory symptoms and markers in murine colitis as well as fibrotic collagen deposition and expression. Thus, nobiletin could be a potential new agent in therapy of chronic colitis.
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18
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Frick A, Khare V, Paul G, Lang M, Ferk F, Knasmüller S, Beer A, Oberhuber G, Gasche C. Overt Increase of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Murine and Human Colitis and Colitis-Associated Neoplasia. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:634-642. [PMID: 29378905 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a higher risk of developing colitis-associated-cancer (CAC); however, the underlying processes of disease progression are not completely understood. Here, the molecular processes of inflammation-driven colon carcinogenesis were investigated using IL10-deficient mice (IL10 KO). IL10 KO mice were euthanized after development of colitis and dysplasia. IHC was performed for markers of colitis-induced DNA damage (CIDD): oxidative DNA lesions (8-oxoG), double-strand breaks (DSB; γH2AX). and DSB repair. MSI, LOH (Trp53, Apc), and global methylation (CIMP) were assessed on microdissected tissue. Comet assay for DNA damage, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting were performed on intestinal organoids from wild-type (WT) and IL10 KO mice. Sequential biopsies and surgical specimens from IBD and CAC patients were used for IHC analysis. Severity of inflammation correlated with number of dysplasia. 8-oxoG and γH2AX-positive cells were significantly increased in inflamed and dysplastic areas along with activation of DSB repair. The amount of positively stained cells strongly correlated with degree of inflammation (8-oxoG: R = 0.923; γH2AX: R = 0.858). Neither CIMP, MSI nor LOH was observed. Enhanced DSBs in IL10 KO organoids were confirmed by comet assay and increased expression of γH2AX. Human clinical specimens exhibited significantly higher γH2AX and 8-oxoG in IBD, dysplasia, and CAC compared with normal mucosa. These data indicate that inflammation-driven colon carcinogenesis in IL10 KO mice and IBD patients is associated with oxidative DNA damage and overt presence of DSB. Mol Cancer Res; 16(4); 634-42. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Frick
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vineeta Khare
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Paul
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Ferk
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Knasmüller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Beer
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Austria
| | - Georg Oberhuber
- Pathologie Soleiman, A.ö. Landeskrankenhaus-Universitäts-Kliniken Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Gasche
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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19
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Liu Z, Kong F, Vallance JE, Harmel-Laws E, Amarachintha S, Steinbrecher KA, Rosen MJ, Bhattacharyya S. Activation of TGF- β activated kinase 1 promotes colon mucosal pathogenesis in inflammatory bowel disease. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/7/e13181. [PMID: 28373409 PMCID: PMC5392505 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology and mechanisms for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are incompletely known. Determination of new, clinically important mechanisms for intestinal inflammation is imperative for developing effective therapies to treat IBD. We sought to define a widespread mechanism for colon mucosal inflammation via the activation of TGF‐β activated Kinase 1 (TAK1), a central regulator of cellular inflammatory actions. Activation of TAK1 and the downstream inflammatory signaling mediators was determined in pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) as well as in DSS‐induced and spontaneous IBD in mice. The role of TAK1 in facilitating intestinal inflammation in murine models of IBD was investigated by using (5Z)‐7‐Oxozeaenol, a highly selective pharmacological inhibitor of TAK1. We found hyper‐activation of TAK1 in patients with UC or CD and in murine models of IBD. Pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 prevented loss in body weight, disease activity, microscopic histopathology, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colon mucosa, and elevated proinflammatory cytokine production in two murine models of IBD. We demonstrated that at the early phase of the disease activation of TAK1 is restricted in the epithelial cells. However, at a more advanced stage of the disease, TAK1 activation predominantly occurs in nonepithelial cells, especially in macrophages. These findings elucidate the activation of TAK1 as crucial in promoting intestinal inflammation. Thus, the TAK1 activation pathway may represent a suitable target to design new therapies for treating IBD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio
| | - Fansheng Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio
| | - Jefferson E Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Eleana Harmel-Laws
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Surya Amarachintha
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kris A Steinbrecher
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Michael J Rosen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sandip Bhattacharyya
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio
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20
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Soendergaard C, Kvist PH, Thygesen P, Reslow M, Nielsen OH, Kopchick JJ, Holm TL. Characterization of Growth Hormone Resistance in Experimental and Ulcerative Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102046. [PMID: 28946616 PMCID: PMC5666728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) resistance may develop as a consequence of inflammation during conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the specific role of the GH–insulin growth factor (IGF)-1-axis and/or the functional consequences of GH resistance in this condition are unclear. In situ hybridization targeting the GH receptor (GHR) and relevant transcriptional analyses were performed in patients with UC and in IL-10 knock-out mice with piroxicam accelerated colitis (PAC). Using cultured primary epithelial cells, the effects of inflammation on the molecular mechanisms governing GH resistance was verified. Also, the therapeutic potential of GH on mucosal healing was tested in the PAC model. Inflammation induced intestinal GH resistance in UC and experimental colitis by down-regulating GHR expression and up-regulating suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins. These effects are driven by pro-inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6) as confirmed using primary epithelial cells. Treatment of experimental colitis with GH increased IGF-1 and body weight of the mice, but had no effects on colonic inflammation or mucosal healing. The high transcriptional similarity between UC and experimental colitis accentuates the formation of intestinal GH resistance during inflammation. Inflammation-induced GH resistance not only impairs general growth but induces a state of local resistance, which potentially impairs the actions of GH on mucosal healing during colitis when using long-acting GH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Soendergaard
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Haemophilia Research, Maaloev 2760, Denmark.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev 2730, Denmark.
| | | | - Peter Thygesen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Haemophilia Research, Maaloev 2760, Denmark.
| | - Mats Reslow
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Haemophilia Research, Maaloev 2760, Denmark.
- Pila Pharma AB, 20512 Malmö, Sweden.
| | | | - John Joseph Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute & Department of Biomedical Sciences, HCOM, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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21
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Cosin-Roger J, Simmen S, Melhem H, Atrott K, Frey-Wagner I, Hausmann M, de Vallière C, Spalinger MR, Spielmann P, Wenger RH, Zeitz J, Vavricka SR, Rogler G, Ruiz PA. Hypoxia ameliorates intestinal inflammation through NLRP3/mTOR downregulation and autophagy activation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:98. [PMID: 28740109 PMCID: PMC5524634 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00213-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia regulates autophagy and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain receptor, pyrin domain containing (NLRP)3, two innate immune mechanisms linked by mutual regulation and associated to IBD. Here we show that hypoxia ameliorates inflammation during the development of colitis by modulating autophagy and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/NLRP3 pathway. Hypoxia significantly reduces tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-6 and NLRP3 expression, and increases the turnover of the autophagy protein p62 in colon biopsies of Crohn’s disease patients, and in samples from dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice and Il-10−/− mice. In vitro, NF-κB signaling and NLRP3 expression are reduced through hypoxia-induced autophagy. We also identify NLRP3 as a novel binding partner of mTOR. Dimethyloxalylglycine-mediated hydroxylase inhibition ameliorates colitis in mice, downregulates NLRP3 and promotes autophagy. We suggest that hypoxia counteracts inflammation through the downregulation of the binding of mTOR and NLRP3 and activation of autophagy. Hypoxia and HIF-1α activation are protective in mouse models of colitis, and the latter regulates autophagy. Here Cosin-Roger et al. show that hypoxia ameliorates intestinal inflammation in Crohn’s patients and murine colitis models by inhibiting mTOR/NLRP3 pathway and promoting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Cosin-Roger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Simmen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hassan Melhem
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kirstin Atrott
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Frey-Wagner
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Hausmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl de Vallière
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marianne R Spalinger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Spielmann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland H Wenger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Zeitz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan R Vavricka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pedro A Ruiz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
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22
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Gerstgrasser A, Melhem H, Leonardi I, Atrott K, Schäfer M, Werner S, Rogler G, Frey-Wagner I. Cell-specific Activation of the Nrf2 Antioxidant Pathway Increases Mucosal Inflammation in Acute but Not in Chronic Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2017; 11:485-499. [PMID: 27683801 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The transcription factor Nrf2 is a major modulator of the cellular antioxidant response. Oxidative burst of infiltrating macrophages leads to a massive production of reactive oxygen species in inflamed tissue of inflammatory bowel disease patients. This oxidative burst contributes to tissue destruction and epithelial permeability, but it is also an essential part of the antibacterial defence. We therefore investigated the impact of the Nrf2 orchestrated antioxidant response in both acute and chronic intestinal inflammation. METHODS To study the role of Nrf2 overexpression in mucosal inflammation, we used transgenic mice conditionally expressing a constitutively active form of Nrf2 [caNrf2] either in epithelial cells or in the myeloid cell lineage. Acute colitis was induced by dextran sulphate sodium [DSS] in transgenic and control animals, and changes in gene expression were evaluated by genome-wide expression studies. Long-term effects of Nrf2 activation were studied in mice with an IL-10-/- background. RESULTS Expression of caNrf2 either in epithelial cells or myeloid cells resulted in aggravation of DSS-induced acute colitis. Aggravation of inflammation by caNrf2 was not observed in the IL-10-/- model of spontaneous chronic colitis, where even a trend towards reduced prolapse rate was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that a well-balanced redox homeostasis is as important in epithelial cells as in myeloid cells during induction of colitis. Aggravation of acute DSS colitis in response to constitutive Nrf2 expression emphasises the importance of tight regulation of Nrf2 during the onset of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Gerstgrasser
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology [ZIHP], University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hassan Melhem
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Leonardi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology [ZIHP], University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kirstin Atrott
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Schäfer
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Werner
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology [ZIHP], University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Frey-Wagner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology [ZIHP], University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Martino JV, Van Limbergen J, Cahill LE. The Role of Carrageenan and Carboxymethylcellulose in the Development of Intestinal Inflammation. Front Pediatr 2017; 5:96. [PMID: 28507982 PMCID: PMC5410598 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2017.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the exact pathophysiology remains unknown, the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is influenced by the interplay between genetics, the immune system, and environmental factors such as diet. The commonly used food additives, carrageenan and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), are used to develop intestinal inflammation in animal models. These food additives are excluded from current dietary approaches to induce disease remission in Crohn's disease such as exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) using a polymeric formula. By reviewing the existing scientific literature, this review aims to discuss the role that carrageenan and CMC may play in the development of IBD. Animal studies consistently report that carrageenan and CMC induce histopathological features that are typical of IBD while altering the microbiome, disrupting the intestinal epithelial barrier, inhibiting proteins that provide protection against microorganisms, and stimulating the elaboration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Similar trials directly assessing the influence of carrageenan and CMC in humans are of course unethical to conduct, but recent studies of human epithelial cells and the human microbiome support the findings from animal studies. Carrageenan and CMC may trigger or magnify an inflammatory response in the human intestine but are unlikely to be identified as the sole environmental factor involved in the development of IBD or in disease recurrence after treatment. However, the widespread use of carrageenan and CMC in foods consumed by the pediatric population in a "Western" diet is on the rise alongside a corresponding increase in IBD incidence, and questions are being raised about the safety of frequent usage of these food additives. Therefore, further research is warranted to elucidate the role of carrageenan and CMC in intestinal inflammation, which may help identify novel nutritional strategies that hinder the development of the disease or prevent disease relapse post-EEN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Vincent Martino
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Johan Van Limbergen
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Leah E Cahill
- Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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Hansen AK, Krych Ł, Nielsen DS, Hansen CHF. A Review of Applied Aspects of Dealing with Gut Microbiota Impact on Rodent Models. ILAR J 2016; 56:250-64. [PMID: 26323634 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilv010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) affects numerous human diseases, as well as rodent models for these. We will review this impact and summarize ways to handle this challenge in animal research. The GM is complex, with the largest fractions being the gram-positive phylum Firmicutes and the gram-negative phylum Bacteroidetes. Other important phyla are the gram-negative phyla Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, and the gram-positive phylum Actinobacteria. GM members influence models for diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, allergies, autoimmunity, cancer, and neuropsychiatric diseases. GM characterization of all individual animals and incorporation of their GM composition in data evaluation may therefore be considered in future protocols. Germfree isolator-housed rodents or rodents made virtually germ free by antibiotic cocktails can be used to study diverse microbial influences on disease expression. Through subsequent inoculation with selected strains or cocktails of microbes, new "defined flora" models can yield valuable knowledge on the impact of the GM, and of specific GM members and their interactions, on important disease phenotypes and mechanisms. Rodent husbandry and microbial quality assurance practices will be important to ensure and confirm appropriate and research relevant GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Axel Kornerup Hansen, DVM, DVsc, DipECLAM, Professor, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Łukasz Krych, MSc, PhD, Postdoc, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Dennis Sandris Nielsen, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen, DVM, PhD, Assistant Professor, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Łukasz Krych
- Axel Kornerup Hansen, DVM, DVsc, DipECLAM, Professor, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Łukasz Krych, MSc, PhD, Postdoc, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Dennis Sandris Nielsen, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen, DVM, PhD, Assistant Professor, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dennis Sandris Nielsen
- Axel Kornerup Hansen, DVM, DVsc, DipECLAM, Professor, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Łukasz Krych, MSc, PhD, Postdoc, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Dennis Sandris Nielsen, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen, DVM, PhD, Assistant Professor, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen
- Axel Kornerup Hansen, DVM, DVsc, DipECLAM, Professor, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Łukasz Krych, MSc, PhD, Postdoc, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Dennis Sandris Nielsen, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen, DVM, PhD, Assistant Professor, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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25
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Bang B, Lichtenberger LM. Methods of Inducing Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 72:5.58.1-5.58.42. [PMID: 26995548 DOI: 10.1002/0471141755.ph0558s72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are useful for understanding more about the mechanistic basis of the disease, identifying new targets for therapeutic intervention, and testing novel therapeutics. This unit provides detailed protocols for five widely used mouse models of experimentally induced intestinal inflammation: chemical induction of colitis by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), hapten-induced colitis via 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), Helicobacter-induced colitis in mdr1a(-/-) mice, the CD4(+) CD45RB(hi) SCID transfer colitis model, and the IL-10(-/-) colitis model. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoungwook Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Lenard M Lichtenberger
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
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26
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Seidelin JB, Coskun M, Kvist PH, Holm TL, Holgersen K, Nielsen OH. IL-33 promotes GATA-3 polarization of gut-derived T cells in experimental and ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol 2015; 50:180-90. [PMID: 25112700 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-014-0982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the respiratory mucosa, interleukin (IL)-33, has been shown to enhance T helper 2 (TH2)-type responses through the master regulatory gene GATA-3. IL-33 is upregulated in ulcerative colitis (UC), and the aim was to assess if IL-33 holds a similar key position in the shaping of the immune response in experimental colitis (piroxicam-accelerated colitis (PAC) in IL-10 (-/-) mice, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model) and UC. METHODS Colonic IL-33 expression was determined in UC (8 active UC, 8 quiescent UC, and 7 controls) and experimental colitis. Mesenteric lymph node (MesLN) T cells were isolated from PAC IL-10 (-/-) mice and stimulated with IL-33. RESULTS The colonic IL-33 expression was significantly upregulated all forms of colitis (P < 0.01) and correlated with disease severity score and inflammation (P < 0.001), and with GATA-3 expression levels (P < 0.01); no correlation with the TH1-specific T-bet expression was observed. MesLN T cells stimulated with IL-33 had increased GATA-3 expression, and showed an IL-33 dose-dependent increase in secreted TH2-type cytokines, whereas this effect was abolished by blocking IL-33 signaling. The non-TH2-type cytokine IL-17 was upregulated by IL-33 but in a T cell receptor dependent manner, as opposed to TH2-type cytokines, which required only IL-33 stimulation. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates that intestinal IL-33 is capable of inducing GATA-3 in mucosal T cells, and suggests that IL-33 is a key mediator of pathological TH2 and non-TH2-type responses in intestinal inflammation. Blocking IL-33 signaling could be a feasible option in the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Benedict Seidelin
- Medical Section 54 O3, Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark,
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27
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and fractures are common complications of inflammatory bowel disease. The pathogenesis is multifactorial and has been partly attributed to intestinal inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone status and assess the association between bone loss and gut inflammation in an experimental colitis model. METHODS Colitis was induced in interleukin-10 knockout mice (PAC IL-10 k.o.) by peroral administration of piroxicam for 12 days. The degree of colitis was assessed by clinical, macroscopic, and microscopic evaluation. Trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture of tibia were determined using micro-computed tomography. Moreover, the serum levels of bone formation and bone resorption biomarkers were measured, and inflammatory protein profiling was performed on colons. RESULTS PAC IL-10 k.o. mice developed severe colitis, characterized by hyperplasia and focal transmural inflammation, which was consistent with Crohn's disease-like pathology. The gut inflammation was accompanied by a 14% and 12% reduction in trabecular thickness relative to piroxicam-treated wild type and untreated wild type mice, respectively (P < 0.001). The trabecular bone structure was also changed in PAC IL-10 k.o. mice, whereas no differences in cortical bone geometry were observed. The trabecular thickness was inversely correlated with serum levels of CTX (r = -0.93, P = 0.006). Moreover, numerous inflammatory mediators, including RANKL and osteoprotegerin, were significantly increased in the colon of PAC IL-10 k.o. mice. CONCLUSIONS PAC IL-10 k.o. mice develop bone loss and changed trabecular structure, as a result of increased bone resorption. Thus, the PAC IL-10 k.o. model could be a useful experimental model in preclinical research of inflammatory bowel disease-associated bone loss.
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28
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Holgersen K, Kvist PH, Hansen AK, Holm TL. Predictive validity and immune cell involvement in the pathogenesis of piroxicam-accelerated colitis in interleukin-10 knockout mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 21:137-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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