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Dudko RY, Alfimov AV, Gurina AA, Meshcheryakova EN, Reshetnikov SV, Legalov AA, Berman DI. Insufficient Cold Resistance as a Possible Reason for the Absence of Darkling Beetles (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) in Pleistocene Sediments of Siberia. INSECTS 2024; 15:64. [PMID: 38249070 PMCID: PMC10816447 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The level of diversity and abundance of darkling beetles (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) is the main difference between the late Pleistocene and modern insect faunas of arid regions. In the Pleistocene assemblages they are extremely rare, whereas in the modern ones they predominate. It is assumed that the reason for their rarity in fossil entomological complexes is their lack of cold resistance. The supercooling points (SCP) and low lethal temperatures (LLT) of adults from five species of Altai darkling beetles that overwinter in the soil and larvae from one such species were measured in the laboratory. All beetles supercooled at negative temperatures but could not survive freezing, with the average SCP of the most cold-resistant species between -25.7 and -21.7 °C (Bioramix picipes, Anatolica dashidorzsi, and Penthicus altaicus). However, 50% of the individuals from different species in the experiment died after exposure during two days at temperatures ranging from -22 to -20 °C. The focal species are distributed in parts of Central Asia with an extreme continental climate, and the temperatures measured in the soil of these natural areas turned out to be lower than or close to the limit of cold resistance of the beetles. Overwintering of darkling beetles is therefore only possible in areas with deep snow: in hollows, under bushes, and under large cereals. Darkling beetles with poor cold resistance could not have existed in the colder climate of the late Pleistocene, which explains their absence from fossil fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Yu. Dudko
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia; (R.Y.D.); (A.A.G.); (S.V.R.)
| | - Arcady V. Alfimov
- Institute of Biological Problems of the North, FEB RAS, Magadan 685000, Russia; (A.V.A.); (D.I.B.)
| | - Anna A. Gurina
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia; (R.Y.D.); (A.A.G.); (S.V.R.)
- Institute of Biology, Ecology and Natural Resources, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo 650000, Russia
| | | | - Sergei V. Reshetnikov
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia; (R.Y.D.); (A.A.G.); (S.V.R.)
| | - Andrei A. Legalov
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia; (R.Y.D.); (A.A.G.); (S.V.R.)
- Department of Ecology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Altai State University, Barnaul 656049, Russia
- Biological Institute, Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Daniil I. Berman
- Institute of Biological Problems of the North, FEB RAS, Magadan 685000, Russia; (A.V.A.); (D.I.B.)
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2
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Zhang H, Sun F, Zhang W, Gao X, Du L, Yun X, Li Y, Li L, Pang B, Tan Y. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Galeruca daurica Reveals Cold Tolerance Mechanisms. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2177. [PMID: 38136998 PMCID: PMC10742598 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Galeruca daurica (Joannis) is a pest species with serious outbreaks in the Inner Mongolian grasslands in recent years, and its larvae and eggs are extremely cold-tolerant. To gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of its cold-tolerant stress response, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly of G. daurica via RNA-Seq and compared the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of first- and second-instar larvae grown and developed indoors and outdoors, respectively. The results show that cold tolerance in G. daurica is associated with changes in gene expression mainly involved in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and the production of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Compared with the control group (indoor), the genes associated with gluconeogenesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and HSP production were up-regulated in the larvae grown and developed outdoors. While the changes in these genes were related to the physiological metabolism and growth of insects, it was hypothesized that the proteins encoded by these genes play an important role in cold tolerance in insects. In addition, we also investigated the expression of genes related to the metabolic pathway of HSPs, and the results show that the HSP-related genes were significantly up-regulated in the larvae of G. daurica grown and developed outdoors compared with the indoor control group. Finally, we chose to induce significant expression differences in the Hsp70 gene (Hsp70A1, Hsp70-2 and Hsp70-3) via RNAi to further illustrate the role of heat stress proteins in cold tolerance on G. daurica larvae. The results show that separate and mixed injections of dsHSP70A1, dsHsp70-2 and dsHsp70-3 significantly reduced expression levels of the target genes in G. daurica larvae. The super-cooling point (SCP) and the body fluid freezing point (FP) of the test larvae were determined after RNAi using the thermocouple method, and it was found that silencing the Hsp70 genes significantly increased the SCP and FP of G. daurica larvae, which validated the role of heat shock proteins in the cold resistance of G. daurica larvae. Our findings provide an important theoretical basis for further excavating the key genes and proteins in response to extremely cold environments and analyzing the molecular mechanism of cold adaptation in insects in harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Feilong Sun
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010010, China;
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Lei Du
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (L.D.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaopeng Yun
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (L.D.); (X.Y.)
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Baoping Pang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Yao Tan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010010, China;
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Liu NN, Ren ZY, Ren QD, Chang ZG, Li JL, Li XA, Sun ZY, He JM, Niu QS, Xing XM. Full length transcriptomes analysis of cold-resistance of Apis cerana in Changbai Mountain during overwintering period. Gene 2022; 830:146503. [PMID: 35487395 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Apis cerana in Changbai Mountain is an ecological type of Apis cerana, which is an excellent breeding material with cold-resistant developed by long-term natural selection under the ecological conditions. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Changbai Mountain population under cold stress are still unclear. In this study, the Nanopore sequencing was carried out for the transcriptome of Apis cerana in Changbai Mountain in the coldest period of overwintering, which will provide a reference to the cold-resistant mechanism. We determined 5,941 complete ORF sequences, 1,193 lncRNAs, 619 TFs, 10,866 SSRs and functional annotations of 11,599 new transcripts. Our results showed that the myosin family and the C2H2 zinc finger protein transcription factor family possibly have significant impacts on the response mechanism of cold stress during overwintering. In addition, the cold environment alters genes expression profiles in honeybees via different AS and APA mechanisms. These altered genes in Hippo, Foxo, and MARK pathways help them counter the stress of cold in overwinter period. Our results might provide clues about the response of eastern honeybees to extreme cold, and reflect the possible genetic basis of physiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Liu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130112, PR China; Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province, Jilin, Jilin 132108, PR China.
| | - Zhong-Yuan Ren
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, Jilin 132022, PR China
| | - Qing-Dan Ren
- Jilin Provincial Animal Husbandry General Station, Changchun, Jilin 130699, PR China
| | - Zhi-Guang Chang
- Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province, Jilin, Jilin 132108, PR China
| | - Jie-Luan Li
- Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province, Jilin, Jilin 132108, PR China
| | - Xing-An Li
- Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province, Jilin, Jilin 132108, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yu Sun
- Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province, Jilin, Jilin 132108, PR China
| | - Jin-Ming He
- Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province, Jilin, Jilin 132108, PR China
| | - Qing-Sheng Niu
- Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province, Jilin, Jilin 132108, PR China.
| | - Xiu-Mei Xing
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130112, PR China.
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Liu Q, Luo D, Wang M, Song X, Ye X, Jashenko R, Ji R. Transcriptome analysis of the response to low temperature acclimation in Calliptamus italicus eggs. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:482. [PMID: 35778687 PMCID: PMC9248191 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08705-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calliptamus italicus is a dominant species in the desert and semi-desert grassland. It is widely distributed throughout many regions such as Asia, Europe, North Africa and the Mediterranean, and has enormous destructive potential for agriculture and animal husbandry. The C. italicus overwintering as eggs in the soil through diapause, and the cold tolerance of locust eggs is the key to their ability to survive the winter smoothly to maintain the population. Results Transcriptome analysis of C. italicus eggs was carried out in this paper in constant low temperature acclimation, natural low temperature acclimation and room temperature. The differentially expressed genes related to cold tolerance were screened out, the differences in expression patterns under different low temperature acclimation were analyzed, and the genes in the significantly up-regulated pathways may play an important role in cold tolerance. The results show that different domestication modes can induce C. italicus eggs to express a large number of genes to alleviate low temperature damage, but C. italicus eggs are more sensitive to changes in temperature. Compared with the control, there are 8689 DEGs at constant low temperature and 14,994 DEGs at natural low temperature. KEGG analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways related to metabolism and biological systems under constant low temperature, and were mainly enriched in pathways related to biological systems and environmental information processing under natural low temperature. In addition, RNAi technology was used to further verify the regulation of genes in the significantly enriched up-regulated pathways on C. italicus eggs, and it was confirmed that the hatching rate of C. italicus eggs at low temperature was significantly reduced after interference. Conclusions Transcriptome analysis of C. italicus eggs treated at different temperatures provided a theoretical basis for further understanding the adaptation mechanism of C. italicus eggs to low temperature. In addition, four potential RNAi target genes were verified in the eggs of C. italicus for the first time, providing new ideas for effective control of this species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08705-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pest in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Di Luo
- International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pest in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Mengjia Wang
- International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pest in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Xingmin Song
- International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pest in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Xiaofang Ye
- International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pest in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Roman Jashenko
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050038
| | - Rong Ji
- International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pest in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China.
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Li H, Xia X, He X, Li S, Dai L, Ye J, Hao D. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Molecular Insights in Overwintering Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2022; 22:8. [PMID: 35560005 PMCID: PMC9105011 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Monochamus alternatus, the dominant vector of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae), has caused immense damage to forest resources. In China, this vector was native to the southern regions but has spread northward recently. To adapt to more challenging environments in the northern winter, M. alternatus has evolved an intricate strategy for overwintering, which remains largely unknown. Herein, we compared the transcriptome data of the overwintering and non-overwintering larvae of M. alternatus larvae to investigate the molecular mechanisms in overwintering. A total of 53.10 GB clean bases and 28, 245 unigenes were obtained by RNA-seq. Analysis of 2597 upregulated and 2429 downregulated unigenes, as well as the enrichment of DEGs showed that many genes and pathways were jointly involved in the overwintering period. Besides, the accuracy of the RNA-seq data was tested by using qPCR experiment involving 13 selected genes. The results revealed that the overwintering process relied largely on the energy allocation trade-off. Specifically, overwintering M. alternatus inhibited energy-intensive activities, such as growth and molting, detoxification, and trehalose transport, and the reserved energy was skewed towards the synthesis of antifreeze compounds and immune response to cope with the deleterious effects of winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohong Xia
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuanyu He
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shouyin Li
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Dai
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianren Ye
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dejun Hao
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Urbański A, Walkowiak-Nowicka K, Nowicki G, Chowański S, Rosiński G. Effect of Short-Term Desiccation, Recovery Time, and CAPA-PVK Neuropeptide on the Immune System of the Burying Beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. Front Physiol 2021; 12:671463. [PMID: 34234689 PMCID: PMC8255627 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.671463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental conditions, especially related to winter, are crucial for shaping activity of insect immune system. However, our previous research clearly indicates differences in the immune system functioning when the cold stress was induced in the laboratory conditions and when the beetles were collected from natural environment during winter. This is probably related to the multiplication of observed effects by simultaneous presence of different stress factors characteristic of winter, including desiccation. For these reasons, our next step was analysis of the effects of short-term desiccation and recovery time on the functioning of immune system of burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. Also, the effect of Tenmo–PVK-2 (tenebrionid periviscerokinin), member of the CAPA–PVK neuropeptide family, was investigated to better understand observed changes. Short-term desiccation decreases the phagocytic activity of burying beetle haemocytes, which is correlated with a reduction in their adhesive ability. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in phenoloxidase (PO) activity and the level of proPO expression, which may suggest sealing the cuticula by melanin deposition and prevention of water loss. Additionally, the elevated level of defensin expression may be associated with the cross-talk between mechanisms, which participate in insect response to environmental stress, including pathogen infection. After 1 h of recovery time, the activity of tested cellular and humoral mechanisms was mostly back to the control level. However, inhibition of the activity of PO and down-regulation of proPO were noted. These results also indicate importance of melanin deposition during water loss. Moreover, it suggests that some changes in immune system functioning during stress conditions do not have an immune function. Interestingly, part of the effects characteristic of recovery time were also observed after the application of Tenmo–PVK-2, mainly related to haemocyte morphology. These results indicate that CAPA–PVK neuropeptides may also influence on activity of burying beetle immune system. It should be also highlighted that, because of the study of the effects of CAPA–PVK neuropeptides, homologs of vertebrate neuromedin U, the results may be interesting for search evolutionary similarities in the functioning of the neuroendocrine system of insects and vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Urbański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.,HiProMine S.A., Robakowo, Poland
| | - Karolina Walkowiak-Nowicka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Nowicki
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.,genXone S.A., Złotniki, Poland
| | - Szymon Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Rosiński
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
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Lai Z, Adzigbli L, Chen Q, Hao R, Liao Y, Deng Y, Wang Q. Identification and Allelic Variants Associated With Cold Tolerance of PmPIAS in Pinctada fucata martensii. Front Physiol 2021; 12:634838. [PMID: 33737883 PMCID: PMC7960669 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.634838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIAS) functions in diverse aspects, including immune response, cell apoptosis, cell differentiation, and proliferation. In the present study, the PIAS in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii was characterized. The sequence features of PmPIAS were similar to that of other PIAS sequences with PIAS typical domains, including SAP, Pro-Ile-Asn-Ile-Thr (PINIT), RLD domain, AD, and S/T-rich region. Homologous analysis showed that PmPIAS protein sequence showed the conserved primary structure compared with other species. Ribbon representation of PIAS protein sequences also showed a conserved structure among species, and the PINIT domain and RLD domain showed the conserved structure compared with the sequence of Homo sapiens. The expression pattern of PmPIAS in different tissues showed significant high expression in the gonad. PmPIAS also exhibited a significantly higher expression in the 1 and 2 days after cold tolerance stress (17°C) and showed its potential in the cold tolerance. The SNP analysis of the exon region of PmPIAS obtained 18 SNPs, and among them, 11 SNPs showed significance among different genotypes and alleles between cold tolerance selection line and base stock, which showed their potential in the breeding for cold tolerance traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxin Lai
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Linda Adzigbli
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qingyue Chen
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ruijuan Hao
- Development and Research Center for Biological Marine Resources, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongshan Liao
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Development and Research Center for Biological Marine Resources, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qingheng Wang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang, China
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8
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Zhao D, Zheng C, Shi F, Xu Y, Zong S, Tao J. Expression analysis of genes related to cold tolerance in Dendroctonus valens. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10864. [PMID: 33854828 PMCID: PMC7953874 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pine beetles are well known in North America for their widespread devastation of pine forests. However, Dendroctonus valens LeConte is an important invasive forest pest in China also. Adults and larvae of this bark beetle mainly winter at the trunks and roots of Pinus tabuliformis and Pinus sylvestris; larvae, in particular, result in pine weakness or even death. Since the species was introduced from the United States to Shanxi in 1998, its distribution has spread northward. In 2017, it invaded a large area at the junction of Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and Hebei provinces, showing strong cold tolerance. To identify genes relevant to cold tolerance and the process of overwintering, we sequenced the transcriptomes of wintering and non-wintering adult and larval D. valens using the Illumina HiSeq platform. Differential expression analysis methods for other non-model organisms were used to compare transcript abundances in adults and larvae at two time periods, followed by the identification of functions and metabolic pathways related to genes associated with cold tolerance. We detected 4,387 and 6,091 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between sampling dates in larvae and adults, respectively, and 1,140 common DEGs, including genes encoding protein phosphatase, very long-chain fatty acids protein, cytochrome P450, and putative leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins. In a Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, 1,140 genes were assigned to 44 terms, with significant enrichment for cellulase activity, hydrolase activity, and carbohydrate metabolism. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) classification and enrichment analyses showed that the lysosomal and purine metabolism pathways involved the most DEGs, the highly enriched terms included autophagy-animal, pentose and glucuronate interconversions and lysosomal processes. We identified 140 candidate genes associated with cold tolerance, including genes with established roles in this trait (e.g., genes encoding trehalose transporter, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, and trehalase). Our comparative transcriptome analysis of adult and larval D. valens in different conditions provides basic data for the discovery of key genes and molecular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunchun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengming Shi
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yabei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Zong
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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9
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Silencing the Myosin Regulatory Light Chain Gene sqh Reduces Cold Hardiness in Ophraella communa LeSage (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11120844. [PMID: 33260791 PMCID: PMC7768443 DOI: 10.3390/insects11120844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a noxious invasive alien weed, that is harmful to the environment and human health. Ophraella communa is a biocontrol agent for A. artemisiifolia, that was accidentally introduced to the Chinese mainland and has now spread throughout southern China. Recently, we found that upon artificial introduction, O. communa can survive in northern China as well. Therefore, it is necessary to study the cold hardiness of O. communa. Many genes have been identified to play a role in cold-tolerance regulation in insects, but the function of the gene encoding non-muscle myosin regulatory light chain (MRLC-sqh) remains unknown. To evaluate the role played by MRLC-sqh in the cold-tolerance response, we cloned and characterized MRLC-sqh from O. communa. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that MRLC-sqh was expressed at high levels in the gut and pupae of O. communa. The expression of MRLC-sqh was shown to decrease after cold shock between 10 and 0 °C and ascend between 0 and -10 °C, but these did not show a positive association between MRLC-sqh expression and cold stress. Silencing of MRLC-sqh using dsMRLC-sqh increased the chill-coma recovery time of these beetles, suggesting that cold hardiness was reduced in its absence. These results suggest that the cold hardiness of O. communa may be partly regulated by MRLC-sqh. Our findings highlight the importance of motor proteins in mediating the cold response in insects.
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Xikeranmu Z, Ma J, Liu X. Characterization of a Mn-SOD from the desert beetle Microdera punctipennis and its increased resistance to cold stress in E. coli cells. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8507. [PMID: 32095349 PMCID: PMC7025704 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects have developed a complex network of enzymatic antioxidant systems for handling reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during stress. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) play a determinant role in balancing ROS in insect. However, studies devoted to SODs functions in insects under cold stress are limited. In the present study, we attempted to identify and characterize a mitochondrial manganese SOD (mMn-SOD) from the desert beetle Micordera punctipennis (denoted as MpmMn-SOD) and explore its protective effects on bacteria cells under cold stress. MpmMn-SOD is composed of 202 amino acids with conserved domains required for metal ions binding and enzyme activity. RT-qPCR experiments revealed that the expression of MpmMn-SOD was ubiquitous but tissue-specific and was induced by cold stress. An E. coli (BL21) system was applied to study the function of MpmMn-SOD. The MpmMn-SOD gene was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a to generate a recombinant plasmid pET-32a(MpmMn-SOD). After transformation of the plasmid into E. coli BL21, the fusion protein Trx-His-MpmMn-SOD was overexpressed and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Antioxidant activity assay showed that the death zones of the transformed bacteria BL21 (pET32a-mMn-SOD) were smaller in diameter than the control bacteria BL21 (pET32a). Survival curves under -4 °C showed that BL21 (pET32a-mMn-SOD) had significant enhanced cold resistance compared to BL21 (pET32a). Its SOD activity under -4 °C had a significant negative correlation (r = - 0.995) with superoxide anion O2 •- content. Accordingly, under cold stress BL21 (pET32a-mMn-SOD) had lower electric conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content than BL21 (pET32a). Taken together, our results showed that cold stress stimulated the expression of MpmMn-SOD in M. punctipennis. The E. coli cells that overexpress MpmMn-SOD increase their resistance to cold stress by scavenging ROS, and mitigate potential cell damage caused by ROS under cold conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilajiguli Xikeranmu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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Xikeranmu Z, Abdunasir M, Ma J, Tusong K, Liu X. Characterization of two copper/zinc superoxide dismutases (Cu/Zn-SODs) from the desert beetle Microdera punctipennis and their activities in protecting E. coli cells against cold. Cryobiology 2019; 87:15-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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