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Price J, Brunet J. Adults diagnosed with gynecologic cancer and their relationship with their body: A study on the supportive role of yoga using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Body Image 2024; 49:101705. [PMID: 38531169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and perceptions of adults diagnosed with gynecologic cancer on their body, and the role of yoga in shaping these aspects. A phenomenological research design was used. Fifteen women (Mage=50.1 ± 13.5 years, range=28-66) who practice yoga at least once/week completed a sociodemographic survey online, two semi-structured interviews, and a 30-day journal online. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Participants' responses and the authors' interpretations were summarized into four main superordinate themes: (1) internal monologue of the changed body, (2) balancing act between acceptance and improvement, (3) value of taking time to prioritize oneself by practicing yoga, and (4) transformative catalysts of expectation and mindset on body-related self-perceptions after yoga. Body functionality and appearance, and their sexual health were often deeply interconnected, and impacted participants' self-perceptions and behaviours. Yoga was a vehicle for growth and acceptance; however, participants' expectations and mindsets before and during yoga could lead to negative self-perceptions after yoga. The findings underscore the importance of integrating yoga - a holistic practice - into survivorship care programs, while emphasizing the need to address expectations and attitudes that could hinder positive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenson Price
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jennifer Brunet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Cancer Therapeutic Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institut du savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Price J, Sharma S, Brunet J. Women's experiences with yoga after a cancer diagnosis: a qualitative meta-synthesis-part I. Syst Rev 2023; 12:176. [PMID: 37752520 PMCID: PMC10521480 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Qualitative research on women's experiences participating in yoga after a cancer diagnosis is growing; systematic synthesis and integration of results are necessary to facilitate the transfer and implementation of knowledge among researchers and end-users. Thus, the purpose of this meta-synthesis was to: (1) integrate findings from qualitative studies, (2) compare and contrast findings to elucidate patterns or contradictions in conclusions, and (3) develop an overarching interpretation of women's experiences participating in yoga after a cancer diagnosis. METHODS Using meta-study methodology, six electronic databases were searched using a sensitive search strategy in November 2020, a supplemental scan of reference lists was conducted in August 2021, and the database search was replicated in October 2021. Two reviewers independently screened titles/abstracts and full-texts to determine eligibility. RESULTS The searches yielded 6804 citations after de-duplication. Data from 24 articles meeting the eligibility criteria were extracted, and the results, methods, and theoretical approach(es) were analyzed. The analysis revealed that there was a predominant focus on two focal points in the primary articles: (1) women's well-being and quality of life (QoL; part I) and (2) intervention preferences (part II). Five overarching categories emerged related to well-being and QoL: (1) yoga can support improvements in multiple dimensions of QoL in women diagnosed with cancer, (2) women diagnosed with cancer experience an interaction between QoL dimensions, (3) elements of yoga that support improvements in QoL dimensions, (4) breathwork and meditation are integral elements of yoga, and (5) yoga practice may support lifestyle behavior change. The articles reviewed had notable limitations related to: (1) reporting about instructor(s), content of the intervention, and environmental characteristics of the setting, (2) identifying and incorporating optimal features in the intervention design, (3) incorporating theory and real-world considerations into the study procedures, and (4) including positive and negative conceptualizations of QoL as an interconnected and multidimensional concept. CONCLUSION Moving forward, it remains critical to identify the ideal structure and content of yoga programs for promoting well-being and QoL among women diagnosed with cancer, as well as to explore barriers and facilitators to sustainable program implementation. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021229253.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenson Price
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Sitara Sharma
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jennifer Brunet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
- Cancer Therapeutic Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Institut du Savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Price J, Sharma S, Brunet J. Women's experiences with yoga after a cancer diagnosis: A qualitative meta-synthesis – Part II. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 51:101752. [PMID: 37018936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
A review of qualitative research exploring women's experiences with yoga after a cancer diagnosis can provide important insights into their motives, barriers, and preferences for yoga participation, which can be used to enhance engagement. In this meta-study meta-synthesis, 6 electronic databases were systematically searched to identify qualitative studies focused on women diagnosed with cancer who engage in yoga. The search yielded 6878 results after de-duplication; of these, 24 articles were eligible and included. Extracted data pertaining to the results, methods, and theoretical approach(es) were analyzed. This paper synthesizes and integrates results from 16 of the 24 articles focused on women's motives, barriers, and preferences for participating in yoga programs and interventions; it is Part II of a 2-part meta-study meta-synthesis. Motives to participate in yoga included: rehabilitation, physical activity, social support, and novel experience. Barriers centred around time constraints, lack of intentionality, online adaptation difficulties, health condition, and cost. Main approaches to delivering yoga comprised: in-person, in-person with an at-home component, asynchronous online, and synchronous online. Each mode of delivery presented its own benefits and challenges, with suggestions for improvement; participants highlighted the value of supportive and knowledgeable instructors, the ability to connect with others, and the importance of comprehensive classes focused on more than just movement. Participants' challenges also highlighted a need to actively seek solutions to anticipated challenges prior to delivering interventions and programs. Findings provide information that can be used to develop and deliver yoga interventions and programs to women diagnosed with cancer that prioritize their needs and preferences. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42021229253; February 17, 2021.
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Effects of Occupational Therapy Program Based on Active Meditation on Hair Cortisol Levels in Undergraduate Healthcare Students. Occup Ther Int 2022; 2022:2174397. [PMID: 35800975 PMCID: PMC9200593 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2174397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods Undergraduate students from the University of Chile's health careers were divided at random into control (n = 7) and treated groups (n = 15). The treated group participated in an active meditation program once a week for three months. This treatment included different techniques such as Chakra Sounds, Nataraj, Mandala, Kundalini, Devavani, Gourishankar, and Nadabrahma. Hair samples were taken before and after the treatment period to measure cortisol. Results The control group increased cortisol level 168.9 ± 76.8 pg/mg compared with initial levels. The treated group shows a decrease of initial cortisol values in 28.5 ± 12.8 pg/mg after meditation protocol application. Conclusions Blending active meditation in students' daily routine through occupational therapy intervention might prevent undergraduate students' stress in healthcare careers.
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Cheshire A, Richards R, Cartwright T. 'Joining a group was inspiring': a qualitative study of service users' experiences of yoga on social prescription. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:67. [PMID: 35287676 PMCID: PMC8922896 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yoga is becoming an increasingly popular holistic approach in the West to manage long-term health conditions. This study presents the evaluation of a pilot yoga intervention, Yoga4Health, that was developed for the NHS to be socially prescribed to patients at risk of developing specific health conditions (risk factors for cardiovascular disease, pre-diabetes, anxiety/depression or experiencing social isolation). The aim of this qualitative study was to explore service users’ experiences of Yoga4Health and the acceptability of the programme. Methods Qualitative data were collected from three sources: 1. Open-ended questions on questionnaires completed by services users at three different time-points (baseline, post intervention and 3 months); 2. Interviews and focus groups with a subset of participants (n = 22); 3. interviews with yoga teachers delivering Yoga4Health (n = 7). Each data source was analysed thematically, then findings were combined. Results Of participants completing baseline questionnaires (n = 240), 82.5% were female, 50% White, with a mean age of 53 (range 23–82) years. Baseline questionnaires revealed key motivations to attend Yoga4Health were to improve psychological and physical health, and believing Yoga4Health would be accessible for people with their health condition. Post-intervention, participants reported a range of benefits across psychological, physical and social domains from Yoga4Health. Increased confidence in self-management of health was also reported, and a number of participants described making positive lifestyle changes after attending the programme. Unanticipated benefits of yoga emerged for participants, such as enjoyment and social connectedness, which facilitated ongoing attendance and practice. Also key to facilitating practice (during and after the intervention) were suitability of the classes for those with health conditions, practising with a group and qualities of the yoga teacher. Home practice was supported by course materials (manual, videos), as well as the teaching of techniques for everyday application that offered immediate benefits, such as breathing practices. Follow-up questionnaires revealed a key challenge was continuation of practice once the intervention had finished, with the structure of a class important in supporting practice. Conclusions Yoga4Health was a highly acceptable intervention to services users, which brought a range of biopsychosocial improvements, suggesting yoga is an appropriate intervention to offer on social prescription. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03514-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cheshire
- School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, UK
| | | | - Tina Cartwright
- School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
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Cox AE, Brunet J, McMahon AK, Price J. A qualitative study exploring middle-aged women's experiences with yoga. J Women Aging 2021; 34:460-472. [PMID: 34313187 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2021.1944752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore how yoga impacts body-related thoughts, feelings, perceptions and attitudes, well-being, and self-care behaviors in a sample of middle-aged women who regularly engage in yoga in their communities. The sample included 22 women; 10 self-identified as beginners or novices and 12 self-identified as experienced in yoga. Interpretive phenomenological analysis guided the data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Four key themes were identified around the topics of: supportive yoga environment, mindfulness, self-care behaviors, and body-related perceptions. Results highlight potential elements of yoga that can support positive body-related experiences in middle-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Cox
- Department of Kinesiology and Educational Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer Brunet
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Amanda K McMahon
- Department of Kinesiology and Educational Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Jenson Price
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Morrison R, Paz-Díaz C, Gutiérrez P, Frías C, Espinosa A, Soto P, González A, Mella S, López I. Efectos de la meditación activa en indicadores físicos y psicoemocionales de estrés en estudiantes universitarios en Chile. Un estudio piloto. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2020. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v68n4.77122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción. Las múltiples exigencias académicas a las que los estudiantes universitarios se enfrentan les generan altos niveles de estrés; si bien el estrés puede ayudarles a afrontar tales exigencias, en muchos casos este puede causarles diversos problemas de salud.Objetivo. Evaluar si la implementación de la meditación activa en la rutina diaria de estudiantes universitarios de las ciencias de la salud tiene un efecto en sus indicadores físicos y psicoemocionales.Materiales y métodos. Estudio piloto exploratorio y cuantitativo realizado en una muestra de 22 estudiantes universitarios que aceptaron participar en un curso electivo de meditación activa de 3 meses (18 sesiones). A los participantes se les solicitó diligenciar el Cuestionario de Percepción Global de Estado (CPGE) ex ante y ex post al curso.Resultados. 18 participantes completaron el CPGE ex ante y ex post, pero solo 16 fueron válidos para el procesamiento de datos. La mayoría de estudiantes reportó una mejora respecto a su percepción sobre cómo enfrentar diferentes situaciones estresantes luego de completar el curso, por ejemplo, el 87.5% manifestó permanecer en un estado de relajación en situaciones estresantes; el 81%, una disminución del agotamiento mental, y el 81%, un mejor manejo de las situaciones estresantes.Conclusiones. La incorporación de la meditación activa en la rutina diaria de estos estudiantes disminuyó sus indicadores físicos y psicoemocionales de estrés, por lo que es necesario realizar nuevos estudios con muestras más grandes que permitan confirmar el efecto positivo de este tipo de cursos en la salud de los estudiantes universitarios, lo que sin duda repercutirá en un mejor rendimiento académico producto de un mejor estado mental.
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Phillips E, Montague J, Archer S. "A peculiar time in my life": making sense of illness and recovery with gynaecological cancer. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2018; 12:1364603. [PMID: 28856979 PMCID: PMC5590624 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2017.1364603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Worldwide there are nearly 1.1 million new cases of gynaecological cancer annually. In England, uterine, ovarian and cervical cancers comprize the third most common type of new cancer in women. Research with gynaecological cancer patients within 6 months of diagnosis is rare, as is data collection that is roughly contemporaneous with treatment. Our aim was to explore the experiences of women who were, at study entry, within 6 weeks of surgery or were undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. METHODS An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of data from 16 women in five focus groups was conducted in the UK, exploring women's experiences of being diagnosed with and treated for gynaecological cancer. RESULTS Participants conceptualized their experiences temporally, from the shock of diagnosis, through their cancer treatment, to thinking about recovery. They tried to make sense of diagnosis, even with treatment being complete. In the context of the Self-Regulation Model, these women were struggling to interpret a changing and multi-faceted illness identity, and attempting to return to pre-illness levels of health. CONCLUSIONS This study adds to this under-studied time period in cancer survivorship. The results suggest that survivors' goals may change from returning to pre-illness status to reformulating goals as survival time increases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephanie Archer
- b NIHR Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre , Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital , London , UK
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Increasing provider awareness of and recommendations for yoga and meditation classes for cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2018; 26:3635-3640. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4220-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Browning KK, Kue J, Lyons F, Overcash J. Feasibility of Mind-Body Movement Programs for Cancer Survivors. Oncol Nurs Forum 2018. [PMID: 28632239 DOI: 10.1188/17.onf.446-456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To evaluate mind-body movement exercise (MBME) classes (yoga, tai chi, and Qigong) for cancer survivors.
. DESIGN A single-group, repeated-measures design.
. SETTING The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital in Columbus.
. SAMPLE 33 adult cancer survivors, with any cancer diagnosis, participating in MBME classes.
. METHODS The researchers sought to examine feasibility of multiple data collection time points and data collection measures; acceptability; and changes to physical, emotional, and biometric measures over time, as a result of participation in MBME classes.
. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Quality of life, sleep, depressive symptomatology, fatigue, stress, upper body strength, gait and balance, body mass index, heart rate, and blood pressure.
. FINDINGS The current study was feasible because survivors were willing to participate and completed most of the questionnaires. Participants found these classes to be beneficial not only for exercise, but also for social support and social connectedness. Poor sleep quality was consistently reported by participants. MBME classes should be recommended to survivors and are beneficial for oncology practices to offer.
. CONCLUSIONS Conducting MBME research with cancer survivors is feasible, and participants find the MBME acceptable and a way of addressing health and managing cancer-related symptoms.
. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Nurses should help patients and caregivers identify locations and times when MBME class participation is possible, assess MBME class participation during each clinic visit to promote continued involvement and to understand if positive effects are occurring, and continue to provide support for MBME classes throughout the survivorship experience.
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Review of yoga therapy during cancer treatment. Support Care Cancer 2017; 25:1357-1372. [PMID: 28064385 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Reviews of yoga research that distinguish results of trials conducted during (versus after) cancer treatment are needed to guide future research and clinical practice. We therefore conducted a review of non-randomized studies and randomized controlled trials of yoga interventions for children and adults undergoing treatment for any cancer type. METHODS Studies were identified via research databases and reference lists. Inclusion criteria were the following: (1) children or adults undergoing cancer treatment, (2) intervention stated as yoga or component of yoga, and (3) publication in English in peer-reviewed journals through October 2015. Exclusion criteria were the following: (1) samples receiving hormone therapy only, (2) interventions involving meditation only, and (3) yoga delivered within broader cancer recovery or mindfulness-based stress reduction programs. RESULTS Results of non-randomized (adult n = 8, pediatric n = 4) and randomized controlled trials (adult n = 13, pediatric n = 0) conducted during cancer treatment are summarized separately by age group. Findings most consistently support improvement in psychological outcomes (e.g., depression, distress, anxiety). Several studies also found that yoga enhanced quality of life, though further investigation is needed to clarify domain-specific efficacy (e.g., physical, social, cancer-specific). Regarding physical and biomedical outcomes, evidence increasingly suggests that yoga ameliorates sleep and fatigue; additional research is needed to advance preliminary findings for other treatment sequelae and stress/immunity biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Among adults undergoing cancer treatment, evidence supports recommending yoga for improving psychological outcomes, with potential for also improving physical symptoms. Evidence is insufficient to evaluate the efficacy of yoga in pediatric oncology. We describe suggestions for strengthening yoga research methodology to inform clinical practice guidelines.
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Gonçalves AV, Makuch MY, Setubal MS, Barros NF, Bahamondes L. A Qualitative Study on the Practice of Yoga for Women with Pain-Associated Endometriosis. J Altern Complement Med 2016; 22:977-982. [PMID: 27552065 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2016.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To understand the meaning women with pain-associated endometriosis attribute to yoga practice regarding their physical and emotional state at the beginning of the practice; pain management by integrating body and mind; secondary benefits of the practice of yoga, such as self-knowledge, self-care, and autonomy; and the role of the yoga group as psychosocial support. DESIGN Qualitative study conducted simultaneously with a randomized clinical trial. SETTING Public university hospital in southeastern Brazil between August 2013 and December 2014. PARTICIPANTS Fifteen women with pain-associated endometriosis who practiced yoga for 8 weeks. INTERVENTION After completing the twice-a-week program, all women participated in a single, semi-structured interview. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and thematic analyses were performed. OUTCOME MEASURES The main themes of analysis were women's expectations regarding the practice of yoga, physical and emotional state of women at the beginning of yoga practice, control and pain management through the integration of body and mind, secondary benefits, acquisition of self-knowledge and autonomy, and the role of yoga group as psychosocial support. RESULTS All participants reported that yoga was beneficial to control pelvic pain. They related that they were aware of the integration of body and psyche during yoga practice and that this helped in the management of pain. Women said they had identified a relationship between pain management and breathing techniques (pranayama) learned in yoga and that breathing increased their ability to be introspective, which relieved pain. The participants have developed greater self-knowledge, autonomy, and self-care and have reduced the use of pain and psychiatric medications. They created ties among themselves, suggesting that the yoga group allowed psychosocial support. CONCLUSIONS Bodily and psychosocial mechanisms to control pain were identified in women with endometriosis. To reach such control, it is crucial that mind and body integrative techniques are learned.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Y Makuch
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas Medical School , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Silvia Setubal
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas Medical School , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nelson Filice Barros
- 2 Department of Collective Health, University of Campinas Medical School , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Bahamondes
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas Medical School , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Phillips E, Montague J, Archer S. Worlds within worlds: a strategy for using interpretative phenomenological analysis with focus groups. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14780887.2016.1205692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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