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Ren M, Wang Y, Zheng X, Yang W, Liu M, Xie S, Yao Y, Yan J, He W. Hydrogelation of peptides and carnosic acid as regulators of adaptive immunity against postoperative recurrence of cutaneous melanoma. J Control Release 2024; 375:654-666. [PMID: 39306045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
The in-situ activation of adaptive immunity at the surgical site has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in inhibiting various forms of tumour recurrence and even holds the promise of a potential cure. However, extensive research and bioinformatic analysis conducted in this study have unveiled the formidable challenge posed by melanoma-intrinsic β-catenin signaling, which hinders the infiltration of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and their subsequent anti-tumour action. To overcome this obstacle, a β-catenin antagonist called carnosic acid (CA) was co-assembled with a RADA-rich peptide to create a nanonet-derived hydrogel known as Supra-gelδCA. This injectable hydrogel is designed to be retained at the surgical site while simultaneously promoting hemostasis. Importantly, Supra-gelδCA directly releases CA to the site of residual tumour lesions, thereby enhancing infiltration of CTLs and subsequently activating adaptive immunity. Consequently, it effectively suppresses postoperative recurrence of skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) in vivo. Collectively, the presented Supra-gelδCA not only provides an efficacious immunotherapy strategy for regulating adaptive immunity by overcoming the obstacle posed by melanoma-intrinsic β-catenin signaling-induced absence of CTLs but also offers a clinically translatable hydrogel that revolutionizes post-surgical management of SKCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Wenguang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Mutian Liu
- Department of mathematics and statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Siyun Xie
- School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yu Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, PR China
| | - Wangxiao He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.; Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710061, China..
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2
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Zhao X, Ma Y, Luo J, Xu K, Tian P, Lu C, Song J. Blocking the WNT/β-catenin pathway in cancer treatment:pharmacological targets and drug therapeutic potential. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35989. [PMID: 39253139 PMCID: PMC11381626 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway plays crucial roles in tumorigenesis and relapse, metastasis, drug resistance, and tumor stemness maintenance. In most tumors, the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway is often aberrantly activated. The therapeutic usefulness of inhibition of WNT/β-catenin signaling has been reported to improve the efficiency of different cancer treatments and this inhibition of signaling has been carried out using different methods including pharmacological agents, short interfering RNA (siRNA), and antibodies. Here, we review the WNT-inhibitory effects of some FDA-approved drugs and natural products in cancer treatment and focus on recent progress of the WNT signaling inhibitors in improving the efficiency of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and physical therapy. We also classified these FDA-approved drugs and natural products according to their structure and physicochemical properties, and introduced briefly their potential mechanisms of inhibiting the WNT signaling pathway. The review provides a comprehensive understanding of inhibitors of WNT/β-catenin pathway in various cancer therapeutics. This will benefit novel WNT inhibitor development and optimal clinical use of WNT signaling-related drugs in synergistic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhao
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- China Medical College of Guangxi University, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yunong Ma
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- China Medical College of Guangxi University, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jiayang Luo
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Kexin Xu
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Peilin Tian
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Cuixia Lu
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jiaxing Song
- China Medical College of Guangxi University, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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3
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Qiao Y, Chen Z, Li W, Li H, Zhou L. Clinical significance of TROAP in endometrial cancer and the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of TROAP knockdown in endometrial cancer cells: integrated utilization of bioinformatic analysis and in vitro test verification. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03260-y. [PMID: 38967825 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Trophinin-associated protein (TROAP), a cytoplasmic protein essential for spindle assembly and centrosome integrity during mitosis, has been reported to serve as an oncogene in various tumors. However, its role in endometrial cancer (EC) progression is still undefined. TROAP expression in EC was analyzed via GEPIA and HPA databases. The diagnostic and prognostic values of TROAP were examined by ROC curve analysis and Kaplan-Meier plotter, respectively. Cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8 and EdU incorporation assays. Apoptosis was assessed using TUNEL and flow cytometry assays. GSEA was performed to explore TROAP-related pathways in EC. Expression of TROAP, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Ki-67, cleaved-caspase-3 (cl-caspase-3), caspase-3, active β-catenin, and total β-catenin was detected using western blot analysis. TROAP was upregulated in EC. TROAP served as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in EC patients. TROAP silencing suppressed proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in EC cells. GSEA revealed that EC and Wnt signaling pathways were related to the expression of TROAP. We further demonstrated that TROAP knockout repressed the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in EC cells. Moreover, SKL2001, a Wnt/β-catenin activator, partially abrogated the effects of TROAP silencing on EC cell proliferation and apoptosis, while the signaling inhibitor XAV-939 had the opposite effect. In conclusion, TROAP knockout retarded proliferation and elicited apoptosis in EC cells by blocking the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Liqing Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223001, China.
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4
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Song P, Gao Z, Bao Y, Chen L, Huang Y, Liu Y, Dong Q, Wei X. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in carcinogenesis and cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:46. [PMID: 38886806 PMCID: PMC11184729 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, encompassing development, tissue homeostasis, and cell proliferation. Under normal physiological conditions, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is meticulously regulated. However, aberrant activation of this pathway and downstream target genes can occur due to mutations in key components of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, epigenetic modifications, and crosstalk with other signaling pathways. Consequently, these dysregulations contribute significantly to tumor initiation and progression. Therapies targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling transduction have exhibited promising prospects and potential for tumor treatment. An increasing number of medications targeting this pathway are continuously being developed and validated. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the latest advances in our understanding of the role played by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in carcinogenesis and targeted therapy, providing valuable insights into acknowledging current opportunities and challenges associated with targeting this signaling pathway in cancer research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Song
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Zirui Gao
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yige Bao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Li Chen
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuhe Huang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China.
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China.
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5
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Hasan MDN, Rahman MM, Husna AA, Arif M, Jasineviciute I, Kato D, Nakagawa T, Miura N. Upregulation and functional roles of miR-450b in canine oral melanoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:376-387. [PMID: 38511062 PMCID: PMC10950611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine oral melanoma (COM) is a common and highly aggressive disease with the potential to model human melanomas. Dysregulated microRNAs represent an interesting line of research for COM because they are implicated in tumor progression. One example is miR-450b, which has been investigated for its molecular mechanisms and biological functions in multiple human cancers, but not human or canine melanoma. Here, we aimed to investigate miR-450b as a potential diagnostic biomarker of COM and its functional roles in metastatic and non-metastatic forms of the disease. We investigated the expression of miR-450b and its target mRNA genes in clinical (tumor tissue and plasma) samples and metastatic and primary-tumor cell lines. Knockdown and overexpression experiments were performed to determine the influence of miR-450b on cell proliferation, migration, colony formation, and apoptosis. miR-450b was significantly upregulated in COM and differentiated between metastatic and non-metastatic tumors, and its potential as a biomarker of metastatic and non-metastatic COM was further confirmed in ROC analysis. miR-450b knockdown promoted cell proliferation, migration, and clonogenicity and inhibited apoptosis, whereas its overexpression yielded the reverse pattern. miR-450b directly binds 3' UTR of PAX9 mRNA and modulates its function leading to BMP4 downregulation and MMP9 upregulation at the transcript level. Furthermore, we surmised that miR-450b activates the Wnt signaling pathway based on gene ontology and enrichment analyses. We concluded that miR-450b has the potential as a diagnostic biomarker and could be a target candidate for COM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- MD Nazmul Hasan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Md. Mahfuzur Rahman
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Al Asmaul Husna
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Mohammad Arif
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Indre Jasineviciute
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daiki Kato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoki Miura
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
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6
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Wu S, Yuan X, Tang Z, Zang K, Wang C, Li Z, Li H, Ye X, Dang Y. Fast freezing inhibits melanin synthesis of melanocytes by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15101. [PMID: 38770555 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Skin hyperpigmentation is mainly caused by excessive synthesis of melanin; however, there is still no safe and effective therapy for its removal. Here, we found that the dermal freezer was able to improve UVB-induced hyperpigmentation of guinea pigs without causing obvious epidermal damage. We also mimic freezing stimulation at the cellular level by rapid freezing and observed that freezing treatments <2.5 min could not decrease cell viability or induce cell apoptosis in B16F10 and Melan-A cells. Critically, melanin content and tyrosinase activity in two cells were greatly reduced after freezing treatments. The dramatic decrease in tyrosinase activity was associated with the downregulation of MITF, TYR, TRP-1 and TRP-2 protein expression in response to freezing treatments for two cells. Furthermore, our results first demonstrated that freezing treatments significantly reduced the levels of p-GSK3β and β-catenin and the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin in B16F10 and Melan-A cells. Together, these data suggest that fast freezing treatments can inhibit melanogenesis-related gene expression in melanocytes by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. The inhibition of melanin production eventually contributed to the improvement in skin hyperpigmentation induced by UVB. Therefore, fast freezing treatments may be a new alternative of skin whitening in the clinic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zexin Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Zang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caibing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huangde Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyun Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongyan Dang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Boudreault J, Wang N, Ghozlan M, Lebrun JJ. Transforming Growth Factor-β/Smad Signaling Inhibits Melanoma Cancer Stem Cell Self-Renewal, Tumor Formation and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:224. [PMID: 38201651 PMCID: PMC10778361 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The secreted protein transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) plays essential roles, ranging from cell growth regulation and cell differentiation in both normal and cancer cells. In melanoma, TGFβ acts as a potent tumor suppressor in melanoma by blocking cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis. In the present study, we found TGFβ to regulate cancer stemness in melanoma through the Smad signaling pathway. We discovered that TGFβ/Smad signaling inhibits melanosphere formation in multiple melanoma cell lines and reduces expression of the CD133+ cancer stem cell subpopulation in a Smad3-dependent manner. Using preclinical models of melanoma, we further showed that preventing Smad3/4 signaling, by means of CRISPR knockouts, promoted both tumorigenesis and lung metastasis in vivo. Collectively, our results define new functions for the TGFβ/Smad signaling axis in melanoma stem-cell maintenance and open avenues for new therapeutic approaches to this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jean-Jacques Lebrun
- Cancer Research Program, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QU H4A 3J1, Canada; (J.B.); (N.W.); (M.G.)
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8
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O'Donnell BL, Penuela S. Skin in the game: pannexin channels in healthy and cancerous skin. Biochem J 2023; 480:1929-1949. [PMID: 38038973 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The skin is a highly organized tissue composed of multiple layers and cell types that require coordinated cell to cell communication to maintain tissue homeostasis. In skin cancer, this organized structure and communication is disrupted, prompting the malignant transformation of healthy cells into melanoma, basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma tumours. One such family of channel proteins critical for cellular communication is pannexins (PANX1, PANX2, PANX3), all of which are present in the skin. These heptameric single-membrane channels act as conduits for small molecules and ions like ATP and Ca2+ but have also been shown to have channel-independent functions through their interacting partners or action in signalling pathways. Pannexins have diverse roles in the skin such as in skin development, aging, barrier function, keratinocyte differentiation, inflammation, and wound healing, which were discovered through work with pannexin knockout mice, organotypic epidermis models, primary cells, and immortalized cell lines. In the context of cutaneous cancer, PANX1 is present at high levels in melanoma tumours and functions in melanoma carcinogenesis, and both PANX1 and PANX3 expression is altered in non-melanoma skin cancer. PANX2 has thus far not been implicated in any skin cancer. This review will discuss pannexin isoforms, structure, trafficking, post-translational modifications, interactome, and channel activity. We will also outline the expression, localization, and function of pannexin channels within the diverse cell types of the epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, and adnexal structures of the skin, and how these properties are exploited or abrogated in instances of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L O'Donnell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Silvia Penuela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
- Department of Oncology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
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9
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Hsu M, Martin TC, Vyas NS, Desman G, Mendelson K, Horst B, Parsons RE, Celebi JT. B7-H3 drives immunosuppression and Co-targeting with CD47 is a new therapeutic strategy in β-catenin activated melanomas. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2023; 36:407-415. [PMID: 37086018 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
In melanoma, immune cell infiltration into the tumor is associated with better patient outcomes and response to immunotherapy. T-cell non-inflamed tumors (cold tumors) are associated with tumor cell-intrinsic Wnt/β-catenin activation, and are typically resistant to anti-PD-1 alone or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Reversal of the 'cold tumor' phenotype and identifying new effective immunotherapies are challenges. We sought to investigate the role of a newer immunotherapy agent, B7-H3, in this setting. RNA sequencing was used to identify co-targeting strategies upon B7-H3 inhibition in a well-defined preclinical melanoma model driven by β-catenin. We found that immune checkpoint molecule B7-H3 confers a suppressive tumor microenvironment by modulating antiviral signals and innate immunity. B7-H3 inhibition led to an inflamed microenvironment, up-regulation of CD47/SIRPa signaling, and together with blockade of the macrophage checkpoint CD47 resulted in additive antitumor responses. We found that the antitumor effects of the B7-H3/CD47 antibody combination were dependent on cytokine signaling pathways (CCR5/CCL5 and IL4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tiphaine C Martin
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nikki S Vyas
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Garrett Desman
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karen Mendelson
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Basil Horst
- Department of Pathology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ramon E Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julide Tok Celebi
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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10
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Pereira I, Monteiro C, Pereira-Silva M, Peixoto D, Nunes C, Reis S, Veiga F, Hamblin MR, Paiva-Santos AC. Nanodelivery systems for cutaneous melanoma treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 184:214-247. [PMID: 36773725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a multifactorial disease whose treatment still presents challenges: the rapid progression to advanced CM, which leads to frequent recurrences even after surgical excision and, notably, the low response rates and resistance to the available therapies, particularly in the case of unresectable metastatic CM. Thereby, alternative innovative therapeutic approaches for CM continue to be searched. In this review we discuss relevant preclinical research studies, and provide a broad-brush analysis of patents and clinical trials which involve the application of nanotechnology-based delivery systems in CM therapy. Nanodelivery systems have been developed for the delivery of anticancer biomolecules to CM, which can be administered by different routes. Overall, nanosystems could promote technological advances in several therapeutic modalities and can be used in combinatorial therapies. Nevertheless, the results of these preclinical studies have not been translated to clinical applications. Thus, concerted and collaborative research studies involving basic, applied, translational, and clinical scientists need to be performed to allow the development of effective and safe nanomedicines to treat CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Pereira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Monteiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Pereira-Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana Peixoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Salette Reis
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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11
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Yang Z, Jia Y, Wang S, Zhang Y, Fan W, Wang X, He L, Shen X, Yang X, Zhang Y, Yang H. Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 5 Regulates H3K4 Methylation Modification to Inhibit the Proliferation of Melanoma Cells by Inactivating the Wnt/ β-Catenin and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Pathways. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:5093941. [PMID: 36866240 PMCID: PMC9974310 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5093941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Histone 3 lysine 4 methylation (H3K4me), especially histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), is one of the most extensively studied patterns of histone modification and plays crucial roles in many biological processes. However, as a part of H3K4 methyltransferase that participates in H3K4 methylation and transcriptional regulation, retinoblastoma-binding protein 5 (RBBP5) has not been well studied in melanoma. The present study sought to explore RBBP5-mediated H3K4 histone modification and the potential mechanisms in melanoma. RBBP5 expression in melanoma and nevi specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was performed for three pairs of melanoma cancer tissues and nevi tissues. In vitro and in vivo assays were used to investigate the function of RBBP5. The molecular mechanism was determined using RT-qPCR, western blotting, ChIP assays, and Co-IP assays. Our study showed that RBBP5 was significantly downregulated in melanoma tissue and cells compared with nevi tissues and normal epithelia cells (P < 0.05). Reducing RBBP5 in human melanoma cells leads to H3K4me3 downregulation and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. On the one hand, we verified that WSB2 was an upstream gene of RBBP5-mediated H3K4 modification, which could directly bind to RBBP5 and negatively regulate its expression. On the other hand, we also confirmed that p16 (a cancer suppressor gene) was a downstream target of H3K4me3, the promoter of which can directly bind to H3K4me3. Mechanistically, our data revealed that RBBP5 inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways (P < 0.05), leading to melanoma suppression. Histone methylation is rising as an important factor affecting tumorigenicity and tumor progression. Our findings verified the significance of RBBP5-mediated H3K4 modification in melanoma and the potential regulatory mechanisms of melanoma proliferation and growth, suggesting that RBBP5 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Yang
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
- 2Departments of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yue Jia
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Shaojia Wang
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Wen Fan
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
- 3Departments of Reproduction, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Xin Wang
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Liang He
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shen
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Xiangqun Yang
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Hongying Yang
- 1Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
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12
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Liu CJ, Fan XD, Jiang JG, Chen QX, Zhu W. Potential anticancer activities of securinine and its molecular targets. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154417. [PMID: 36063584 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Securinine is an alkaloid identified from the roots and leaves of the shrub Flueggea suffruticosa (Pall.) Baill. The molecular structure of securinine consists of four rings, including three chiral centers. It has been suggested that securinine can be chemically synthesized from tyrosine and lysine. Securinine has long been used to treat central nervous system diseases. In recent years, more and more evidence shows that securinine also has anticancer activity, which has not been systematically discussed and analyzed. PURPOSE This study aims to propose an overall framework to describe the molecular targets of securinine in different signal pathways, and discuss the current status and prospects of each pathway, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development securinine as an effective anticancer drug. METHODS The research databases on the anticancer activity of securinine from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect to 2021 were systematically searched. This paper follows the Preferred Reporting Items and Meta-Analysis guidelines. RESULTS Securinine has the ability to kill a variety of human cancer cells, including, leukemia as well as prostate, cervical, breast, lung, and colon cancer cells. It can regulate the signal pathways of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin, Wnt and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, promote cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibit cancer cell metastasis. Securinine also has the activity of inducing leukemia cell differentiation. CONCLUSION Although there has been some experimental evidence indicating the anticancer effect of securinine and its possible pharmacology, in order to design more effective anticancer drugs, it is necessary to study the synergy of intracellular signaling pathways. More in vivo experiments and even clinical studies are needed, and the synergy between securinine and other drugs is also worth studying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jun Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Fan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qiu-Xiong Chen
- The second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Luo Y, Li T, Zhao H, Chen A. A novel 7‑hypoxia‑related long non‑coding RNA signature associated with prognosis and proliferation in melanoma. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:255. [PMID: 35703357 PMCID: PMC9218734 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia‑related long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important indicators of the poor prognosis of cancers. The present study aimed to explore the potential relationship between melanoma and hypoxia‑related lncRNAs. The transcriptome and clinical data of patients with melanoma were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The prognostic hypoxia‑related lncRNAs were screened out using Pearson's correlation test and univariate Cox analysis. As a result, a hypoxia‑related‑lncRNA signature based on the expression of 7 lncRNAs was constructed, with one unfavourable [MIR205 host gene (MIR205HG)] and six favourable (T cell receptor β variable 11‑2, HLA‑DQB1 antisense RNA 1, AL365361.1, AC004847.1, ubiquitin specific peptidase 30 antisense RNA 1 and AC022706.1) lncRNAs as prognostic factors for melanoma. Patients with melanoma were divided into high‑ and low‑risk groups based on the risk score obtained. Survival analyses were performed to assess the prognostic value of the present risk model. Potential tumour‑associated biological pathways associated with the present signature were explored using gene set enrichment analysis. The CIBERSORT algorithm demonstrated the important role of the hypoxia‑related lncRNAs in regulating tumour‑infiltrating immune cells. Clinical samples collected from our center partly confirmed our findings. Cell Counting Kit‑8 and flow cytometry assays indicated the suppression of proliferation of melanoma cells following inhibition of MIR205HG expression. Indicators of the canonical Wnt/β‑catenin signalling pathway were detected by western blotting. The present study demonstrated that MIR205HG could promote melanoma cell proliferation partly via the canonical Wnt/β‑catenin signalling pathway. These findings indicated a 7‑hypoxia‑related‑lncRNA signature that can serve as a novel predictor of melanoma prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tinghao Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hengguang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Aijun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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14
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Zhao H, Ming T, Tang S, Ren S, Yang H, Liu M, Tao Q, Xu H. Wnt signaling in colorectal cancer: pathogenic role and therapeutic target. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:144. [PMID: 35836256 PMCID: PMC9281132 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01616-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Wnt signaling pathway is a complex network of protein interactions that functions most commonly in embryonic development and cancer, but is also involved in normal physiological processes in adults. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway regulates cell pluripotency and determines the differentiation fate of cells during development. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway (also known as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway) is a recognized driver of colon cancer and one of the most representative signaling pathways. As a functional effector molecule of Wnt signaling, the modification and degradation of β-catenin are key events in the Wnt signaling pathway and the development and progression of colon cancer. Therefore, the Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diseases, especially the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Objective Inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway to explore the therapeutic targets of colorectal cancer. Methods Based on studying the Wnt pathway, master the biochemical processes related to the Wnt pathway, and analyze the relevant targets when drugs or inhibitors act on the Wnt pathway, to clarify the medication ideas of drugs or inhibitors for the treatment of diseases, especially colorectal cancer. Results Wnt signaling pathways include: Wnt/β-catenin or canonical Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity (Wnt-PCP) pathway and Wnt-Ca2+ signaling pathway. The Wnt signaling pathway is closely related to cancer cell proliferation, stemness, apoptosis, autophagy, metabolism, inflammation and immunization, microenvironment, resistance, ion channel, heterogeneity, EMT/migration/invasion/metastasis. Drugs/phytochemicals and molecular preparations for the Wnt pathway of CRC treatment have now been developed. Wnt inhibitors are also commonly used clinically for the treatment of CRC. Conclusion The development of drugs/phytochemicals and molecular inhibitors targeting the Wnt pathway can effectively treat colorectal cancer clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Tianqi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Maolun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qiu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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15
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Nakazawa N, Sohda M, Yokobori T, Gombodorj N, Sano A, Sakai M, Oyama T, Kuwano H, Shirabe K, Saeki H. Cytoplasmic localization of connexin 26 suppresses transition of β-catenin into the nucleus in intestinal- and mix-type gastric cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2022; 6:505-514. [PMID: 35847440 PMCID: PMC9271025 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Connexin is a basic molecule that forms gap junctions and undergoes localization changes to the cytoplasm in association with carcinogenesis. We aimed to investigate and clarify the significance of cytoplasmic Cx26 expression in gastric cancer. Methods We included 87 patients with intestinal- and mix-type gastric cancer and 111 patients with diffuse type gastric cancer who underwent surgery for gastric cancer between 1999 and 2006. Immunohistochemical staining for Cx26, β-catenin, and Wnt3a was performed and analyses of the relationship to clinicopathological factors were conducted based on the Lauren classification. In an in vitro study, the gastric cancer cell lines MKN7, MKN74, and MKN45 were used to evaluate the proliferative capacity using the water-soluble tetrazolium salt assay through forced expression of Cx26, and the relationship between Cx26 and β-catenin was investigated using proximity ligation assay (PLA) and co-immunoprecipitation. Additionally, functional analysis was performed by Cage analysis. Results In this study, high cytoplasmic Cx26 expression was associated with favorable prognosis in intestinal- and mix-type gastric cancer and could be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. In terms of the mechanism, in in vitro experiments changes in Cx26 localization to the cytoplasm were shown to suppress the change of localization of β-catenin to the nucleus by binding to it in the cytoplasm. Conclusions Cytoplasmic Cx26 was found to be a prognostic factor in intestinal- and mix-type gastric cancer. Regarding the mechanism, in vitro studies revealed that cytoplasmic Cx26 inhibits the translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical ScienceGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Makoto Sohda
- Department of General Surgical ScienceGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Division of Integrated Oncology ResearchGunma University Initiative for Advanced ResearchMaebashiJapan
| | - Navchaa Gombodorj
- Division of Integrated Oncology ResearchGunma University Initiative for Advanced ResearchMaebashiJapan
| | - Akihiko Sano
- Department of General Surgical ScienceGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Makoto Sakai
- Department of General Surgical ScienceGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic PathologyGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuwano
- Department of General Surgical ScienceGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical ScienceGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Department of General Surgical ScienceGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
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16
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Dimethyl Itaconate Reduces α-MSH-Induced Pigmentation via Modulation of AKT and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathways in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134183. [PMID: 35807430 PMCID: PMC9268225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl itaconate (DMI) exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect. Activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is implicated in the inhibition of melanogenesis. Therefore, DMI and itaconic acid (ITA), classified as NRF2 activators, have potential uses in hyperpigmentation reduction. The activity of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB), an important transcription factor for MITF gene promoter, is regulated by glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and protein kinase A (PKA). Here, we investigated the inhibitory effect of ITA and DMI on alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced MITF expression and the modulatory role of protein kinase B (AKT) and GSK3β in melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. These cells were incubated with α-MSH alone or in combination with ITA or DMI. Proteins were visualized and quantified using immunoblotting and densitometry. Compared to ITA, DMI treatment exhibited a better inhibitory effect on the α-MSH-induced expression of melanogenic proteins such as MITF. Our data indicate that DMI exerts its anti-melanogenic effect via modulation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and AKT signaling pathways. In conclusion, DMI may be an effective therapeutic agent for both inflammation and hyperpigmentation.
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17
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Kang Z, Wang J, Huang W, Liu J, Yan W. Identification of Transcriptional Heterogeneity and Construction of a Prognostic Model for Melanoma Based on Single-Cell and Bulk Transcriptome Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:874429. [PMID: 35646893 PMCID: PMC9136400 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.874429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive and heterogeneous life-threatening cancers. However, the heterogeneity of melanoma and its impact on clinical outcomes are largely unknown. In the present study, intra-tumoral heterogeneity of melanoma cell subpopulations was explored using public single-cell RNA sequencing data. Marker genes, transcription factor regulatory networks, and gene set enrichment analysis were further analyzed. Marker genes of each malignant cluster were screened to create a prognostic risk score, and a nomogram tool was further generated to predict the prognosis of melanoma patients. It was found that malignant cells were divided into six clusters by different marker genes and biological characteristics in which the cell cycling subset was significantly correlated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, and the Wnt signaling pathway-enriched subset may be correlated with the resistance to immunotherapy. Based on the malignant marker genes, melanoma patients in TCGA datasets were divided into three groups which had different survival rates and immune infiltration states. Five malignant cell markers (PSME2, ARID5A, SERPINE2, GPC3, and S100A11) were selected to generate a prognostic risk score. The risk score was associated with overall survival independent of routine clinicopathologic characteristics. The nomogram tool showed good performance with an area under the curve value of 0.802.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Kang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wending Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wending Huang, ; Jianmin Liu, ; Wangjun Yan,
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wending Huang, ; Jianmin Liu, ; Wangjun Yan,
| | - Wangjun Yan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wending Huang, ; Jianmin Liu, ; Wangjun Yan,
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18
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Karachaliou GS, Alkallas R, Carroll SB, Caressi C, Zakria D, Patel NM, Trembath DG, Ezzell JA, Pegna GJ, Googe PB, Galeotti JP, Ayvali F, Collichio FA, Lee CB, Ollila DW, Gulley ML, Johnson DB, Kim KB, Watson IR, Moschos SJ. The clinical significance of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and catenin Beta 1 (CTNNB1) genetic aberrations in patients with melanoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:38. [PMID: 34986841 PMCID: PMC8734243 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma-intrinsic activated β-catenin pathway, the product of the catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1) gene, has been associated with low/absent tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, accelerated tumor growth, metastases development, and resistance to anti-PD-L1/anti-CTLA-4 agents in mouse melanoma models. Little is known about the association between the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and CTNNB1 gene mutations in stage IV melanoma with immunotherapy response and overall survival (OS). METHODS We examined the prognostic significance of somatic APC/CTNNB1 mutations in the Cancer Genome Atlas Project for Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (TCGA-SKCM) database. We assessed APC/CTNNB1 mutations as predictors of response to immunotherapies in a clinicopathologically annotated metastatic patient cohort from three US melanoma centers. RESULTS In the TCGA-SKCM patient cohort (n = 434) presence of a somatic APC/CTNNB1 mutation was associated with a worse outcome only in stage IV melanoma (n = 82, median OS of APC/CTNNB1 mutants vs. wild-type was 8.15 vs. 22.8 months; log-rank hazard ratio 4.20, p = 0.011). APC/CTNNB1 mutation did not significantly affect lymphocyte distribution and density. In the 3-melanoma institution cohort, tumor tissues underwent targeted panel sequencing using two standards of care assays. We identified 55 patients with stage IV melanoma and APC/CTNNB1 genetic aberrations (mut) and 169 patients without (wt). At a median follow-up of more than 25 months for both groups, mut compared with wt patients had slightly more frequent (44% vs. 39%) and earlier (66% vs. 45% within six months from original diagnosis of stage IV melanoma) development of brain metastases. Nevertheless, time-to-development of brain metastases was not significantly different between the two groups. Fortunately, mut patients had similar clinical benefits from PD-1 inhibitor-based treatments compared to wt patients (median OS 26.1 months vs. 29.9 months, respectively, log-rank p = 0.23). Less frequent mutations in the NF1, RAC1, and PTEN genes were seen in the mut compared with wt patients from the 3-melanoma institution cohort. Analysis of brain melanoma tumor tissues from a separate craniotomy patient cohort (n = 55) showed that melanoma-specific, activated β-catenin (i.e., nuclear localization) was infrequent (n = 3, 6%) and not prognostic in established brain metastases. CONCLUSIONS APC/CTNNB1 mutations are associated with a worse outcome in stage IV melanoma and early brain metastases independent of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density. However, PD1 inhibitor-based treatments provide comparable benefits to both mut and wt patients with stage IV melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Sofia Karachaliou
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rached Alkallas
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah B Carroll
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chongshan Caressi
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Danny Zakria
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nirali M Patel
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dimitri G Trembath
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer A Ezzell
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Histology Research Core Facility, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Guillaume J Pegna
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Paul B Googe
- Department of Dermatology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan P Galeotti
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fatih Ayvali
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Frances A Collichio
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carrie B Lee
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David W Ollila
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Margaret L Gulley
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Douglas B Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kevin B Kim
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ian R Watson
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stergios J Moschos
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Du M, Shen P, Tan R, Wu D, Tu S. Aloe-emodin inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells via inactivation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1722. [PMID: 35071416 PMCID: PMC8743696 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aloe-emodin is reported as a potential cancer therapeutic agent due to its inhibition of the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. This study aimed to confirm the effects of aloe-emodin on the progression of melanoma and identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The effects of aloe-emodin treatment (concentrations ranging from 0 to 25 µg, 48 h) on proliferation, apoptosis, distribution of cell cycle, migration, and invasion were detected by performing Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and Transwell invasion experiments. Rescue experiments were carried out by overexpression of β-catenin to verify the role of β-catenin in the inhibition of melanoma by aloe-emodin. The analysis was carried out at the animal level by constructing tumor-bearing nude mice model. RESULTS The results showed that aloe-emodin prominently reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells. Additionally, it was found that aloe-emodin significantly enhanced the cell apoptosis and induced G2 phase arrest of melanoma cells via enhancing the expressions of cleaved-caspase3, bax, and reducing cyclinD1, c-myc, and bcl-2. In addition, aloe-emodin could also inhibit Wnt3a levels, and promote GSK3-beta and beta-catenin phosphorylation. In vivo experiments also showed that overexpression of beta-catenin reversed the effects of aloe-emodin on tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our findings indicated that aloe-emodin might prominently inhibit the tumor growth and metastasis of melanoma via the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in vitro. Therefore, aloe-emodin may serve as a potential drug for the clinical treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maotao Du
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ranjing Tan
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengyan Wu
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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20
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Colombani T, Eggermont LJ, Hatfield SM, Rogers ZJ, Rezaeeyazdi M, Memic A, Sitkovsky MV, Bencherif SA. Oxygen-Generating Cryogels Restore T Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity in Hypoxic Tumors. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2102234. [PMID: 37745940 PMCID: PMC10516343 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Solid tumors are protected from antitumor immune responses due to their hypoxic microenvironments. Weakening hypoxia-driven immunosuppression by hyperoxic breathing of 60% oxygen has shown to be effective in unleashing antitumor immune cells against solid tumors. However, efficacy of systemic oxygenation is limited against solid tumors outside of lungs and has been associated with unwanted side effects. As a result, it is essential to develop targeted oxygenation alternatives to weaken tumor hypoxia as novel approaches to restore immune responses against cancer. Herein, we report on injectable oxygen-generating cryogels (O2-cryogels) to reverse tumor-induced hypoxia. These macroporous biomaterials were designed to locally deliver oxygen, inhibit the expression of hypoxia-inducible genes in hypoxic melanoma cells, and reduce the accumulation of immunosuppressive extracellular adenosine. Our data show that O2-cryogels enhance T cell-mediated secretion of cytotoxic proteins, restoring the killing ability of tumor-specific CTLs, both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, O2-cryogels provide a unique and safe platform to supply oxygen as a co-adjuvant in hypoxic tumors and have the potential to improve cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Colombani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Loek J. Eggermont
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen M. Hatfield
- New England Inflammation and Tissue Protection Institute, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zachary J. Rogers
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Adnan Memic
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Makkah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michail V. Sitkovsky
- New England Inflammation and Tissue Protection Institute, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering (BMBI), UTC CNRS UMR 7338, University of Technology of Compiègne, Sorbonne University, 60203 Compiègne, France
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21
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Wang Z, Zhao T, Zhang S, Wang J, Chen Y, Zhao H, Yang Y, Shi S, Chen Q, Liu K. The Wnt signaling pathway in tumorigenesis, pharmacological targets, and drug development for cancer therapy. Biomark Res 2021; 9:68. [PMID: 34488905 PMCID: PMC8422786 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00323-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling was initially recognized to be vital for tissue development and homeostasis maintenance. Further studies revealed that this pathway is also important for tumorigenesis and progression. Abnormal expression of signaling components through gene mutation or epigenetic regulation is closely associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in several tissues. Additionally, Wnt signaling also influences the tumor microenvironment and immune response. Some strategies and drugs have been proposed to target this pathway, such as blocking receptors/ligands, targeting intracellular molecules, beta-catenin/TCF4 complex and its downstream target genes, or tumor microenvironment and immune response. Here we discuss the roles of these components in Wnt signaling pathway in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, the underlying mechanisms that is responsible for the activation of Wnt signaling, and a series of drugs targeting the Wnt pathway provide multiple therapeutic values. Although some of these drugs exhibit exciting anti-cancer effect, clinical trials and systematic evaluation should be strictly performed along with multiple-omics technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Shihui Zhang
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH164UU, UK
| | - Junkai Wang
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Chen
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhou Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Yang
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Songlin Shi
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Kuancan Liu
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China. .,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China.
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22
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Eom SJ, Lim TG, Jhun H, Lee NH, Kang MC, Song KM. Inhibitory effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract obtained through ultrasound-assisted extraction on melanoma cells. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 76:105620. [PMID: 34119906 PMCID: PMC8207304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although the immune enhancing effect of yeast has been widely reported, studies specifically investigating its effects on skin cancer are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a yeast extract capable of inhibiting melanoma cells using ultrasound technology, which can lyse the cell walls allowing subsequent rapid yeast extraction. To compare the extraction efficiency across different extraction methods, the total yield, as well as total glucan, α-glucan, and β-glucan yields were measured. Ultrasound-assisted extract of yeast (UAEY) was found to effectively inhibit melanoma cell growth and proliferation as well as the expression of cyclin D1 and c-myc, in vitro. Additionally, the extract reduced melanoma tumor volume and cyclin D1 levels in BALB/c nu/nu mice. The optimal extraction conditions were 0.2 M NaOH, 3 h, 70 °C, 20 kHz, and 800 W, resulting in an increased total extraction and β-glucan yields of 73.6% and 7.1%, respectively, compared with that achieved using a conventional chemical (0.5 M NaOH) extraction method. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that UAEY may represent an effective anti-skin cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Eom
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjhung Jhun
- Technical Assistance Center, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hyouck Lee
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Kang
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Mo Song
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio as a prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Clin Oncol 2021; 26:1890-1900. [PMID: 34251555 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-01985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammation has been correlated with worse survival for some cancers. We evaluated prognostic values of various inflammatory factor combinations in patients who underwent resections for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We retrospectively analysed 306 consecutive patients with HCC who underwent curative liver resections. After assessing eight combinations of inflammatory markers for predictive value for recurrence, we focused on lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) to elucidate its associations with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in univariate and multivariate analyses (Cox proportional hazards model). We also used immunohistochemical CD34 and CD8 staining to investigate the mechanism of LCR elevation. RESULTS LCR showed the highest association with RFS in HCC patients among the compared indices. High preoperative LCR correlated with a high serum albumin concentration, small tumour size, early Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage and low rates of microscopic vascular invasion and microscopic intrahepatic metastasis. Higher preoperative LCR was an independent predictor of longer RFS and OS in this cohort. High LCR patients had fewer vessels encapsulating tumour clusters, and higher intratumoural CD8+ T-cell counts than low LCR patients. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative LCR is a novel and convenient prognostic marker for patients with HCC, and is associated with the tumour microenvironment immune status.
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24
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Zhou YX, Wang X, Pang DQ, Wang YM, Bai J, Tian F, Han D, Shi S, Hu L. Nomogram Incorporating the WNT/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway for Predicting the Survival of Cutaneous Melanoma. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:2751-2761. [PMID: 34188529 PMCID: PMC8236283 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s309616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate prediction of the survival of cutaneous melanoma (CM) permits the selection of the optimal treatment. Currently, the TNM stage has limitations in predicting the survival of CM. There is evidence that the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway has the potential to predict the CM prognosis. However, it still needs further investigation. Objective This study aims to establish a nomogram incorporating the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway to improve the predicted accuracy of the overall survival (OS) of CM. Methods Two hundred and eighty CM patients were recruited and followed up. The clinicopathological characteristics and the key genes of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway (VEGF, β-catenin, and DKK1) were chosen as potential variables associated with the OS. In the training cohort (n = 190), a nomogram was built to estimate the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS, and its discriminations and calibrations were valid by the verification cohort (n = 90). The predicted accuracies of the nomogram with or without the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and TNM stage were compared. Results A nomogram integrating independent risk factors (ulceration, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, Breslow thickness, dermal mitoses, β-catenin, VEGF, and DKK1), which were evaluated by a multivariate analysis, was constructed to predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS of CM patients. Good discrimination and calibration were obtained regardless of the training or validation datasets. The nomogram incorporating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway showed the highest accuracy [area under the curve (AUC)=0.914, 0.852, 0.785] compared with the nomogram without the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (AUC=0.693, 0.640, 0.615) and the TNM stage (AUC=0.726, 0.693, 0.673). Conclusion The prognostic value of the established nomogram incorporating the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway was better than it without WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway and TNM stage, which might be beneficial in the development of optimal treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Quan Pang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Man Wang
- Department of Radiation and Chemotherapy Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuwei Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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25
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Manca A, Sini MC, Cesinaro AM, Portelli F, Urso C, Lentini M, Cardia R, Alos L, Cook M, Simi S, Paliogiannis P, De Giorgi V, Cossu A, Palmieri G, Massi D. NGS-Based Analysis of Atypical Deep Penetrating Nevi. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123066. [PMID: 34205480 PMCID: PMC8234376 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The recent WHO classification of melanocytic tumors requires the implementation of combined phenotypic–genotypic diagnostics. For rare tumors, such as atypical deep penetrating nevi, there is insufficient information regarding genetic status, and it is not yet clear whether the observed unusual morphological cyto-architectures reflect a distinct genomic profile or are associated with an increased metastatic potential and aggressive clinical behavior. We report herein a comprehensive next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of a series of atypical DPNs, showing their mutational profile with some specific signatures for these rare and diagnostically challenging tumors. Abstract Deep penetrating nevi (DPNs) are rare melanocytic neoplasms consisting of pigmented spindled or epithelioid melanocytes with a distinctive wedge-shaped configuration showing activation of the WNT pathway, with unusual cyto-architectural features. It is unclear whether they show a distinct genomic profile associated with a diverse metastatic potential. We describe herein a cohort of 21 atypical DPNs analyzed by next-generation sequencing using the Ion AmpliSeq™ Comprehensive Cancer Panel. We found that β-catenin exon 3 was mutated in 95% and MAP kinase pathway genes in 71% of the cases. Less frequent mutations were observed in HRAS (19%) and MAP2K1 (24%). Isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 (IDH1) mutations, including R132C, V178I, and S278L, were identified in 38% of cases and co-existed with BRAF/HRAS mutations. The only case with progressive nodal disease carried alterations in the β-catenin pathway and mutations in IDH1 and NRAS (codon 61). By a comprehensive mutation analysis, we found low genetic heterogeneity and a lack of significant associations between specific gene mutations and histopathological features, despite atypical features. Whether the acquisition of an NRAS or IDH1 mutation in an atypical DPN may represent a molecular evolution implying a pathway to melanoma progression should be confirmed in a larger series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Manca
- Institute of Genetic & Biomedical Research, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Maria Cristina Sini
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | | | - Francesca Portelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (F.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Carmelo Urso
- Dermatopathology Study Center of Florence, 50129 Florence, Italy;
| | - Maria Lentini
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (M.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Roberta Cardia
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (M.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Llucia Alos
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Martin Cook
- Division of Pathology, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK;
| | - Sara Simi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (F.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Panagiotis Paliogiannis
- Laboratory Quality Control Unit, University Hospital (AOU) of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | | | - Antonio Cossu
- Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Palmieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Daniela Massi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (F.P.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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26
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Zhang CJ, Zhu N, Wang YX, Liu LP, Zhao TJ, Wu HT, Liao DF, Qin L. Celastrol Attenuates Lipid Accumulation and Stemness of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma via CAV-1/LOX-1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:658092. [PMID: 33935779 PMCID: PMC8085775 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.658092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by abnormal lipid accumulation. Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F with anti-cancer activity. In the present study, the anticancer effects of celastrol on ccRCC and the underlying mechanisms were studied. Patients with reduced high density lipoprotein (HDL) and elevated levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL) was found to have higher risk of ccRCC. In ccRCC clinical samples and cell lines, caveolin-1 (CAV-1) was highly expressed. CAV-1 was identified as a potential prognostic biomarker for ccRCC. Celastrol inhibited tumor growth and decreased lipid deposition promoted by high-fat diet in vivo. Celastrol reduced lipid accumulation and caveolae abundance, inhibited the binding of CAV-1 and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) in ccRCC cells. Furthermore, celastrol attenuated stemness through blocking Wnt/β-catenin pathway after knockdown of CAV-1 and LOX-1. Therefore, the findings suggest that celastrol may be a promising active ingredient from traditional Chinese medicine for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Juan Zhang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Le-Ping Liu
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Tan-Jun Zhao
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Tao Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Li Qin
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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27
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Shami Shah A, Cao X, White AC, Baskin JM. PLEKHA4 Promotes Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling-Mediated G 1-S Transition and Proliferation in Melanoma. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2029-2043. [PMID: 33574086 PMCID: PMC8137570 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent promising advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, patients with melanoma incur substantial mortality. In particular, inhibitors targeting BRAF-mutant melanoma can lead to resistance, and no targeted therapies exist for NRAS-mutant melanoma, motivating the search for additional therapeutic targets and vulnerable pathways. Here we identify a regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, PLEKHA4, as a factor required for melanoma proliferation and survival. PLEKHA4 knockdown in vitro decreased Dishevelled levels, attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and blocked progression through the G1-S cell-cycle transition. In mouse xenograft and allograft models, inducible PLEKHA4 knockdown attenuated tumor growth in BRAF- and NRAS-mutant melanomas and exhibited an additive effect with the clinically used inhibitor encorafenib in a BRAF-mutant model. As an E3 ubiquitin ligase regulator with both lipid- and protein-binding partners, PLEKHA4 presents several opportunities for targeting with small molecules. Our work identifies PLEKHA4 as a promising drug target for melanoma and clarifies a controversial role for Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the control of melanoma proliferation. SIGNIFICANCE: This study establishes that melanoma cell proliferation requires the protein PLEKHA4 to promote pathologic Wnt signaling for proliferation, highlighting PLEKHA4 inhibition as a new avenue for the development of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Shami Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Xiaofu Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Andrew C White
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Jeremy M Baskin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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28
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Tang K, Zhang H, Li Y, Sun Q, Jin H. Circular RNA as a Potential Biomarker for Melanoma: A Systematic Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:638548. [PMID: 33869186 PMCID: PMC8047128 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.638548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are newly discovered RNAs with covalently looped structures. Due to their resistance to RNAase degradation and tissue-specific expression, circRNAs are expected to be potential biomarkers in early diagnosis and target treatment of many diseases. However, the role of circRNAs in melanoma still needs to be systematically reviewed for better understanding and further research. Based on published articles in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science database, we systematically reviewed the implications and recent advances of circRNAs in melanoma, focusing on function, mechanism, and correlation with melanoma progression. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 19 articles were finally included in this systematic review. Of the 19 studies, 17 used human samples, including melanoma tissues (n = 16) and blood serum of patients with melanoma (n = 1). The sample size of the study group ranged from 20 to 105 based on the reported data. Several studies explored the association between circRNAs and clinicopathological characteristics. circRNA dysregulation was commonly observed in melanoma patients. circRNAs function in melanoma by miRNA sponging and interaction with RNA binding proteins (RBP), ultimately controlling several important signaling pathways and cancer-related cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and glucose metabolism. circRNA expression could be associated with prognostic factors and drug responses, consolidating the potential clinical value in melanoma. Herein, we clarified the functional, prognostic, and predictive roles of circRNAs in melanoma in this systematic review, providing future directions for studies on melanoma-associated circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuning Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Barati M, Akhondi M, Mousavi NS, Haghparast N, Ghodsi A, Baharvand H, Ebrahimi M, Hassani SN. Pluripotent Stem Cells: Cancer Study, Therapy, and Vaccination. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1975-1992. [PMID: 34115316 PMCID: PMC8193020 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are promising tools for modern regenerative medicine applications because of their stemness properties, which include unlimited self-renewal and the ability to differentiate into all cell types in the body. Evidence suggests that a rare population of cells within a tumor, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), exhibit stemness and phenotypic plasticity properties that are primarily responsible for resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, metastasis, cancer development, and tumor relapse. Different therapeutic approaches that target CSCs have been developed for tumor eradication. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this review, we first provide an overview of different viewpoints about the origin of CSCs. Particular attention has been paid to views believe that CSCs are probably appeared through dysregulation of very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) which reside in various tissues as the main candidate for tissue-specific stem cells. The expression of pluripotency markers in these two types of cells can strengthen the validity of this theory. In this regard, we discuss the common properties of CSCs and PSCs, and highlight the potential of PSCs in cancer studies, therapeutic applications, as well as educating the immune system against CSCs. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the resemblance of CSCs to PSCs can provide an appropriate source of CSC-specific antigens through cultivation of PSCs which brings to light promising ideas for prophylactic and therapeutic cancer vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Barati
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Akhondi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Sabahi Mousavi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Newsha Haghparast
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Ghodsi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh-Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Sayedyahossein S, Huang K, Li Z, Zhang C, Kozlov AM, Johnston D, Nouri-Nejad D, Dagnino L, Betts DH, Sacks DB, Penuela S. Pannexin 1 binds β-catenin to modulate melanoma cell growth and metabolism. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100478. [PMID: 33647315 PMCID: PMC8027267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin malignancy with increasing incidence worldwide. Pannexin1 (PANX1), a member of the pannexin family of channel-forming glycoproteins, regulates cellular processes in melanoma cells including proliferation, migration, and invasion/metastasis. However, the mechanisms responsible for coordinating and regulating PANX1 function remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated a direct interaction between the C-terminal region of PANX1 and the N-terminal portion of β-catenin, a key transcription factor in the Wnt pathway. At the protein level, β-catenin was significantly decreased when PANX1 was either knocked down or inhibited by two PANX1 blockers, Probenecid and Spironolactone. Immunofluorescence imaging showed a disrupted pattern of β-catenin localization at the cell membrane in PANX1-deficient cells, and transcription of several Wnt target genes, including MITF, was suppressed. In addition, a mitochondrial stress test revealed that the metabolism of PANX1-deficient cells was impaired, indicating a role for PANX1 in the regulation of the melanoma cell metabolic profile. Taken together, our data show that PANX1 directly interacts with β-catenin to modulate growth and metabolism in melanoma cells. These findings provide mechanistic insight into PANX1-mediated melanoma progression and may be applicable to other contexts where PANX1 and β-catenin interact as a potential new component of the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sayedyahossein
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra M Kozlov
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle Johnston
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Nouri-Nejad
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lina Dagnino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentristry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dean H Betts
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentristry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Silvia Penuela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Abstract
HSP90 (heat shock protein 90) is an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone involved in a proper folding and maturation of hundreds of proteins. HSP90 is abundantly expressed in cancer, including melanoma. HSP90 client proteins are the key oncoproteins of several signaling pathways controlling melanoma development, progression and response to therapy. A number of natural and synthetic compounds of different chemical structures and binding sites within HSP90 have been identified as selective HSP90 inhibitors. The majority of HSP90-targeting agents affect N-terminal ATPase activity of HSP90. In contrast to N-terminal inhibitors, agents interacting with the middle and C-terminal domains of HSP90 do not induce HSP70-dependent cytoprotective response. Several inhibitors of HSP90 were tested against melanoma in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials, providing evidence that these agents can be considered either as single or complementary therapeutic strategy. This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of HSP90 protein in cancer with focus on melanoma, and provides an overview of structurally different HSP90 inhibitors that are considered as potential therapeutics for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariusz L Hartman
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Czyz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
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32
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Kudo M. Gd-EOB-DTPA-MRI Could Predict WNT/β-Catenin Mutation and Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Liver Cancer 2020. [PMID: 33083276 DOI: 10.1159/000509554.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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33
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Nishida N, Sakai K, Morita M, Aoki T, Takita M, Hagiwara S, Komeda Y, Takenaka M, Minami Y, Ida H, Ueshima K, Nishio K, Kudo M. Association between Genetic and Immunological Background of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Expression of Programmed Cell Death-1. Liver Cancer 2020. [PMID: 32999869 DOI: 10.1159/000506352.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Immune checkpoint inhibitors are promising agents for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) refractory to conventional therapies. To enhance the efficacy of this treatment, immunological and molecular characteristics of HCC with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) should be explored. Methods Clinical backgrounds, PD-L1 expression, and the amount of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating mononuclear cells (TIMCs) were analyzed in 154 HCCs. The expression of 3 stem cell markers and co-inhibitory receptors on tumor cells and TIMCs, respectively, were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Somatic mutations in the 409 cancer-associated genes and TERT promoter were determined; HCCs were classified based on the presence of gene alterations affecting the 8 oncogenic pathways. The results were validated using the dataset from the Cancer Genome Atlas. Results The expression of PD-L1 in the HCCs was positively correlated with progressive tumor features, the presence of cytokeratin 19 (CK19), Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4), and the mutations of genes involving the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway. Although CD8+ cells were densely infiltrated in PD-L1-positive tumors, these TIMCs frequently expressed multiple co-inhibitory receptors. However, a subset of PD-L1-positive tumors characterized by activating mutations of the PI3K-Akt pathway showed a low degree of TIMCs. Conversely, PD-L1-negative HCCs were associated with mutations in the β-catenin pathway and a small number of TIMCs, although the expression of co-inhibitory receptors was rare. Conclusions PD-L1-positive HCCs frequently showed an inflamed phenotype with stem cell features; a subset of PD-L1-positive HCCs with mutations in the PI3K-Akt pathway showed a non-inflamed phenotype. In HCCs with dense infiltration of TIMCs, CD8+ cells expressed multiple co-inhibitory receptors, suggesting T cell exhaustion. On the other hand, PD-L1-negative HCCs showed mutations leading to β-catenin activation and exhibited a non-inflamed background. These characteristics should be taken into consideration for developing novel combination therapies using immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoshi Nishida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Morita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Aoki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Satoru Hagiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Yoriaki Komeda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Mamoru Takenaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Yasunori Minami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Ueshima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.,Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
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Zhu P, Liang H, Huang X, Zeng Q, Liu Y, Lv J, Ming L. Circular RNA Hsa_circ_0004018 Inhibits Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway by Targeting microRNA-626/DKK3 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9351-9364. [PMID: 33061423 PMCID: PMC7519839 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s254997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Dysexpression of circular RNAs has been identified in multiple types of cancer. Hsa_circ_0004018 was reported to be significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to display HCC-stage-specific expression features. However, the role of hsa_circ_0004018 in HCC progression remains unclear. Methods The expression of hsa_circ_0004018 or microRNA-626 (miR-626) was detected in tumor tissues and paired non-tumor tissues from HCC patients, as well as in one normal human liver cell line and 5 HCC cell lines by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, dye exclusion assay, clonogenic assay, scratch migration assay and transwell assay were used to measure cell proliferation and migration capacity, respectively. Luciferase report assay and RNA pull down assay were performed to explore the regulatory effect of certain molecules on the expression of target genes. Results We found that the expression of hsa_circ_0004018 was lower in tumor tissues than in their paired non-tumor tissues from 28 out of 41 HCC patients. The difference in the expression between tumor tissues and non-tumor tissues was statistically significant (p<0.001). Further analysis revealed that such lower expression in tumor tissues was much more common in bigger tumor size group (≥5cm) compared with the smaller tumor size group (<5cm) (85% vs 42%, p=0.0007). Similarly, hsa_circ_0004018 was downregulated in HCC cell lines. Additionally, a negative correlation between hsa_circ_0004018 and miR-626 expression was noticed in HCC tissues. Moreover, we observed that hsa_circ_0004018 interacted with miR-626/DKK3 and contributed to HCC cell proliferation and migration through inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in vitro. Furthermore, hsa_circ_0004018 blocked xenograft tumor growth in vivo through inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting miR-626/DKK3. Conclusion We revealed that hsa_circ_0004018/miR-626/DKK3 regulatory axis may be a possible novel therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangbo Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglei Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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35
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Kudo M. Gd-EOB-DTPA-MRI Could Predict WNT/β-Catenin Mutation and Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Liver Cancer 2020; 9:479-490. [PMID: 33083276 PMCID: PMC7548850 DOI: 10.1159/000509554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Kudo
- *Masatoshi Kudo, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 337-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511 (Japan),
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36
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Zhang W, Mao K, Liu S, Xu Y, Ren J. miR-942-5p promotes the proliferation and invasion of human melanoma cells by targeting DKK3. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:180-187. [PMID: 32772782 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1804280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to figure out the dysregulation of miR-942-5p in melanoma and its role in melanoma pathogenesis. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay was used to determine the change of RNA expression. Protein expression was examined by Western blotting. miRNA target was validated through TargetScan and luciferase assay. Cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and transwell assay, respectively. RESULTS Results of qRT-PCR manifested miR-942-5p were upregulated in melanoma cell. High expression of miR-942-5p in melanoma patients presented a poor prognosis. Upregulation of miR-942-5p accelerated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in melanoma cells. Cell apoptosis was inhibited by miR-942-5p mimics. Suppression of miR-942-5p by its inhibitor showed the opposite effects in melanoma cells. TargetScan and luciferase assay showed that miR-942-5p directly targeted to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of DKK3. Overexpression of DKK3 inhibited GSK-3β phosphorylation and reduced the expression of β-catenin in both cytoplasm and nucleus, which were induced by miR-942-5p mimics leading to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CONCLUSION Upregulation of miR-942-5p was observed in melanoma cells and tissues and significantly associated with a poor prognosis. Though targeting 3'-UTR of DKK3, miR-942-5p could activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway, resulting in melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which promoted the development of melanoma. These results showed that miR-942-5p might be a diagnosis and prognosis biomarker in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao City, China
| | - Kaiping Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao City, China
| | - Sumei Liu
- Clinical Teaching and Research Office, Qingdao Health School, Qingdao City, China
| | - Yujiao Xu
- Department of Hemodialysis, Shandong Qingdao Hospital of Intergrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Qingdao City, China
| | - Jizhen Ren
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao City, China
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37
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Nishida N, Sakai K, Morita M, Aoki T, Takita M, Hagiwara S, Komeda Y, Takenaka M, Minami Y, Ida H, Ueshima K, Nishio K, Kudo M. Association between Genetic and Immunological Background of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Expression of Programmed Cell Death-1. Liver Cancer 2020; 9:426-439. [PMID: 32999869 PMCID: PMC7506256 DOI: 10.1159/000506352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Immune checkpoint inhibitors are promising agents for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) refractory to conventional therapies. To enhance the efficacy of this treatment, immunological and molecular characteristics of HCC with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) should be explored. METHODS Clinical backgrounds, PD-L1 expression, and the amount of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating mononuclear cells (TIMCs) were analyzed in 154 HCCs. The expression of 3 stem cell markers and co-inhibitory receptors on tumor cells and TIMCs, respectively, were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Somatic mutations in the 409 cancer-associated genes and TERT promoter were determined; HCCs were classified based on the presence of gene alterations affecting the 8 oncogenic pathways. The results were validated using the dataset from the Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS The expression of PD-L1 in the HCCs was positively correlated with progressive tumor features, the presence of cytokeratin 19 (CK19), Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4), and the mutations of genes involving the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway. Although CD8+ cells were densely infiltrated in PD-L1-positive tumors, these TIMCs frequently expressed multiple co-inhibitory receptors. However, a subset of PD-L1-positive tumors characterized by activating mutations of the PI3K-Akt pathway showed a low degree of TIMCs. Conversely, PD-L1-negative HCCs were associated with mutations in the β-catenin pathway and a small number of TIMCs, although the expression of co-inhibitory receptors was rare. CONCLUSIONS PD-L1-positive HCCs frequently showed an inflamed phenotype with stem cell features; a subset of PD-L1-positive HCCs with mutations in the PI3K-Akt pathway showed a non-inflamed phenotype. In HCCs with dense infiltration of TIMCs, CD8+ cells expressed multiple co-inhibitory receptors, suggesting T cell exhaustion. On the other hand, PD-L1-negative HCCs showed mutations leading to β-catenin activation and exhibited a non-inflamed background. These characteristics should be taken into consideration for developing novel combination therapies using immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoshi Nishida
- *Naoshi Nishida, MD, PhD, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511 (Japan),
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38
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Kowalik A, Jurkowska M, Mierzejewska E, Ługowska I, Gos A, Szumera-Ciećkiewicz A, Zięba S, Koseła-Paterczyk H, van der Oord J, Dębiec-Rychter M, Szamotulska K, Siedlecki J, Rutkowski P. The prognostic role of BRAF and WNT pathways activation in kinase inhibitors-naïve clinical stage III cutaneous melanoma. Melanoma Res 2020; 30:348-357. [PMID: 32073511 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The results of local-regional advanced melanoma (stage III) management are still not satisfactory. Particularly, there is no personalized treatment in stage III melanoma patients due to the lack of useful classical pathological markers for prognostication of indolent or aggressive course of the disease. The aim of this study was to explore melanoma genomic landscape by means of the mutational profiling of 50 genes influencing carcinogenesis pathways in the randomly selected 93 kinase inhibitor-naïve (KI-naïve) stage III patients. The genomic alterations were found in 27 out of 50 tested genes and at least one pathogenic variant was detected in 77 out of 93 cases (82.7%). Survival rate was negatively affected by the presence of the somatic mutations in AKT1, ATM, CDH1 and SMARCB1, while the BRAF+ status in KI-naïve stage III population correlated with the longer median overall survival. Genomic alterations in WNT pathway correlated with extranodal adipocyte tissue involvement (P = 0.027) and higher number of metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.045). In terms of survival, the Cox model confirmed the worse prognosis in patients with mutation in the WNT pathway [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.9, P = 0.017], and better prognosis in cases with mutations in BRAF pathway (HR = 0.5, P = 0.004). WNT/β-catenin pathway alteration was associated with more advanced/aggressive disease. From this perspective, the concept of blocking the activity of the WNT pathway in selected cases appears promising and complementary to the BRAF inhibition therapeutic option for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Kowalik
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce
| | | | - Ewa Mierzejewska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Mother and Child
| | - Iwona Ługowska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Mother and Child
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma
| | - Aleksandra Gos
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center
| | - Anna Szumera-Ciećkiewicz
- Diagnostic Hematology Department, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center
| | - Sebastian Zięba
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce
| | | | - Joost van der Oord
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Translational Cell and Tissue Research
| | - Maria Dębiec-Rychter
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Janusz Siedlecki
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center
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39
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Jackstadt R, Hodder MC, Sansom OJ. WNT and β-Catenin in Cancer: Genes and Therapy. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY-SERIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030419-033628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The WNT pathway is a pleiotropic signaling pathway that controls developmental processes, tissue homeostasis, and cancer. The WNT pathway is commonly mutated in many cancers, leading to widespread research into the role of WNT signaling in carcinogenesis. Understanding which cancers are reliant upon WNT activation and which components of the WNT signaling pathway are mutated is paramount to advancing therapeutic strategies. In addition, building holistic insights into the role of WNT signaling in not only tumor cells but also the tumor microenvironment is a vital area of research and may be a promising therapeutic strategy in multiple immunologically inert cancers. Novel compounds aimed at modulating the WNT signaling pathway using diverse mechanisms are currently under investigation in preclinical/early clinical studies. Here, we review how the WNT pathway is activated in multiple cancers and discuss current strategies to target aberrant WNT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Jackstadt
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Owen James Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
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DKK1 is epigenetically downregulated by promoter methylation and inhibits bile acid-induced gastric intestinal metaplasia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 523:780-786. [PMID: 31952791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) is essential to gastric cancer as an inhibitor of Wnt signaling. Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is an important precancerous lesion of gastric cancer that can be activated by bile acid reflux and chronic inflammation. However, the exact mechanism of DKK1 in bile acid-induced GIM has not been completely elucidated. We aimed to explore the epigenetic alterations and biological functions of DKK1 in the development of GIM. In the present study, bile acid was found to induce the expression of intestinal markers in gastric epithelial cells, whereas DKK1 was downregulated in response to bile acid stimulation. The mRNA and protein expression levels of DKK1 were decreased in GIM tissues as evidenced by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining. Surprisingly, the methylation of the DKK1 promoter increased in GIM tissues, and we discovered 28 differential methylation sites of the DKK1 promoter in GIM tissues. Bile acid was able to induce the partial methylation of the DKK1 promoter, while 5-aza could increase DKK1 expression as well as decrease intestinal markers expression in gastric epithelial cells. In conclusion, the promoter methylation and downregulation of DKK1 might play important roles in the development of GIM, especially bile acid-induced GIM.
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Aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive melanoma stem cells in tumorigenesis, drug resistance and anti-neoplastic immunotherapy. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:1435-1443. [PMID: 31838656 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05227-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a rare subset of cancer cells, are well known for their self-renewing capacity. CSCs play a critical role in therapeutic failure and are responsible for poor prognosis in leukemia and various solid tumors. However, it is still unclear how CSCs initiate carcinogenesis and evade the immune response. In humans, the melanoma initiating cells (MICs) are recognized as the CSCs in melanomas, and were verified to possess CSC potentials. The enzymatic system, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is considered to be a specific marker for CSCs in several tumors. The expression of ALDH in MICs may be closely correlated with phenotypic heterogeneity, melanoma-genesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. The ALDH+ CSCs/MICs not only serve as an indicator for therapeutic efficacy, but have also become a target for the treat of melanoma. In this review, we initially introduce the multiple capacities of MICs in melanoma. Then, we summarize in vivo and in vitro studies that illustrate the relationship between ALDH and MICs. Furthermore, understanding of chemotherapy resistance in melanoma relies on ALDH+ MICs. Finally, we review studies that focus on melanoma immunotherapies, rendering ALDH a potential marker to evaluate the efficacy of anti-neoplastic therapies or an adjuvant anti-melanoma target.
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The Wnt/β-catenin/VASP positive feedback loop drives cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer. Oncogene 2019; 39:2258-2274. [PMID: 31831834 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the main function of VASP is to regulate the cytoskeleton and play an important role in promoting tumor cell metastasis. In this study, we first reveal that VASP is located in the nucleus of breast cancer cells and elucidate a Wnt/β-catenin/VASP positive feedback loop. We identify that VASP is a target gene of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway can significantly upregulate VASP protein expression, while upregulated VASP protein can in turn promote translocation of β-catenin and DVL3 proteins into the nucleus. In the nucleus, VASP, DVL3, β-catenin, and TCF4 can form VASP/DVL3/β-catenin/TCF4 protein complex, activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and promoting the expression of target genes VASP, c-myc, and cyclin D1. Thus, our study reveals that there is a Wnt/β-catenin/VASP malignant positive feedback loop in breast cancer, which promotes the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells, and breaking this positive feedback loop may provide new strategy for breast cancer treatment.
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Onconase Restores Cytotoxicity in Dabrafenib-Resistant A375 Human Melanoma Cells and Affects Cell Migration, Invasion and Colony Formation Capability. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235980. [PMID: 31783660 PMCID: PMC6928899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a lethal tumor because of its severe metastatic potential, and serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf inhibitors (BRAFi) are used in patients harboring BRAF-mutation. Unfortunately, BRAFi induce resistance. Therefore, we tested the activity of onconase (ONC), a cytotoxic RNase variant, against BRAFi-resistant cells to re-establish the efficacy of the chemotherapy. To do so, an A375 dabrafenib-resistant (A375DR) melanoma cell subpopulation was selected and its behavior compared with that of parental (A375P) cells by crystal violet, 5-Bromo-2’-deoxyuridine incorporation, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) western blot measurements. Then, nuclear p65 Nuclear Factor kappaB (NF-κB) and IκB kinases-α/β (IKK) phosphorylation levels were measured. Gelatin zymography was performed to evaluate metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) activity. In addition, assays to measure migration, invasion and soft agar colony formation were performed to examine the tumor cell dissemination propensity. ONC affected the total viability and the proliferation rate of both A375P and A375DR cell subpopulations in a dose-dependent manner and also induced apoptotic cell death. Among its pleiotropic effects, ONC reduced nuclear p65 NF-κB amount and IKK phosphorylation level, as well as MMP2 activity in both cell subpopulations. ONC decreased cell colony formation, migration, and invasion capability. Notably, it induced apoptosis and inhibited colony formation and invasiveness more extensively in A375DR than in A375P cells. In conclusion, ONC successfully counteracts melanoma malignancy especially in BRAFi-resistant cells and could become a tool against melanoma recurrence.
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Knockdown of SSATX, an alternative splicing variant of the SAT1 gene, promotes melanoma progression. Gene 2019; 716:144010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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45
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Wnt Signaling in Neural Crest Ontogenesis and Oncogenesis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101173. [PMID: 31569501 PMCID: PMC6829301 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural crest (NC) cells are a temporary population of multipotent stem cells that generate a diverse array of cell types, including craniofacial bone and cartilage, smooth muscle cells, melanocytes, and peripheral neurons and glia during embryonic development. Defective neural crest development can cause severe and common structural birth defects, such as craniofacial anomalies and congenital heart disease. In the early vertebrate embryos, NC cells emerge from the dorsal edge of the neural tube during neurulation and then migrate extensively throughout the anterior-posterior body axis to generate numerous derivatives. Wnt signaling plays essential roles in embryonic development and cancer. This review summarizes current understanding of Wnt signaling in NC cell induction, delamination, migration, multipotency, and fate determination, as well as in NC-derived cancers.
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46
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Bhargava A, Srivastava RK, Mishra DK, Tiwari RR, Sharma RS, Mishra PK. Dendritic cell engineering for selective targeting of female reproductive tract cancers. Indian J Med Res 2019; 148:S50-S63. [PMID: 30964081 PMCID: PMC6469378 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_224_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Female reproductive tract cancers (FRCs) are considered as one of the most frequently occurring malignancies and a foremost cause of death among women. The late-stage diagnosis and limited clinical effectiveness of currently available mainstay therapies, primarily due to the developed drug resistance properties of tumour cells, further increase disease severity. In the past decade, dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy has shown remarkable success and appeared as a feasible therapeutic alternative to treat several malignancies, including FRCs. Importantly, the clinical efficacy of this therapy is shown to be restricted by the established immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. However, combining nanoengineered approaches can significantly assist DCs to overcome this tumour-induced immune tolerance. The prolonged release of nanoencapsulated tumour antigens helps improve the ability of DC-based therapeutics to selectively target and remove residual tumour cells. Incorporation of surface ligands and co-adjuvants may further aid DC targeting (in vivo) to overcome the issues associated with the short DC lifespan, immunosuppression and imprecise uptake. We herein briefly discuss the necessity and progress of DC-based therapeutics in FRCs. The review also sheds lights on the future challenges to design and develop clinically effective nanoparticles-DC combinations that can induce efficient anti-tumour immune responses and prolong patients’ survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Bhargava
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Dinesh Kumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management & Studies, Shirpur, India
| | - Rajnarayan R Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Radhey Shyam Sharma
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Maternal & Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
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47
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Zhao G, Yin Y, Zhao B. miR-140-5p is negatively correlated with proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis in malignant melanoma by targeting SOX4 via the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB cascades. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2161-2170. [PMID: 31385607 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been validated as critical regulators in the development of melanoma. miR-140 was abnormally downregulated in uveal melanoma samples. However, the expression level and roles of miR-140-5p remain unclear in melanoma for now. We speculate that miR-140-5p is abnormally expressed and may play an important role in melanoma. The expressions of miR-140-5p and SOX4 messenger RNA were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Western blot assays were employed to detect the expression levels of SOX4, Ki67, MMP-2, MMP-7, p-β-catenin, c-Myc, cyclin D1, p65, and IκBα. Luciferase reporter assays were employed to elucidate the interaction between SOX4 and miR-140-5p. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) and transwell invasion assays were applied to evaluate capabilities of cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. Xenograft models of melanoma were established to verify the role and molecular basis of miR-140-5p. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were employed to measure the Ki67 and SOX4 at the protein level in xenografted melanoma tissues. Herein, these observations showed that, miR-140-5p was abnormally downregulated in melanoma tissues and cells, while SOX4 was upregulated. miR-140-5p directly targeted SOX4 and inhibited its expression in melanoma cells. miR-140-5p overexpression repressed melanoma cell proliferation and invasion and its effects were partially restored SOX4 overexpression. Moreover, miR-140-5p hindered melanoma growth in vivo by downregulating SOX4. Mechanistically, miR-140-5p suppressed activation of the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways by targeting SOX4. Our study concluded that miR-140-5p hindered cell proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis by targeting SOX4 via inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB signaling pathways in malignant melanoma, which provides an underlying molecular mechanism for the treatment for melanoma with miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yakun Yin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Provincial People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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48
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Cui J, Hu J, Ye Z, Fan Y, Li Y, Wang G, Wang L, Wang Z. TRIM28 protects CARM1 from proteasome-mediated degradation to prevent colorectal cancer metastasis. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2019; 64:986-997. [PMID: 36659810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
TRIM28 (Tripartite motif-containing protein 28), a member of TRIM family, is aberrantly expressed and reportedly has different functions in many types of human cancer. However, the biological roles of TRIM28 and related mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. Here, we showed that TRIM28 was downregulated in colorectal cancer compared with normal mucosa, especially at advanced stages, and acted as an independent prognostic factor of favorable outcome. Functional studies demonstrated that TRIM28 restrained CRC migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we reported that CARM1 (co-activator-associated arginine methyltransferase1) was a critical player downstream of TRIM28. TRIM28 interacted with CARM1, and protected CARM1 from proteasome-mediated degradation through physical protein-protein interaction to suppress CRC metastasis. Further, TRIM28 suppressed the migration and invasion of CRC cells through inhibiting WNT/β-catenin signaling in a CARM1-dependent manner, but independent of CARM1's methyltransferase activity. The protein expression of CARM1 was positively correlated with TRIM28 in CRC tissues. Patients with high levels of TRIM28 and CARM1 had improved prognosis, whereas patients with low TRIM28 and CARM1 expression had the poor outcomes. Thus, our study reveals an inhibitory role of TRIM28 in CRC metastasis, which was achieved through a TRIM28-CARM1-WNT/β-catenin axis. This work provides potential prognostic and therapeutic targets for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhilan Ye
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yongli Fan
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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49
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Mo Y, Fang RH, Wu J, Si Y, Jia SQ, Li Q, Bai JZ, She XN, Wang JQ. MicroRNA-329 upregulation impairs the HMGB2/β-catenin pathway and regulates cell biological behaviors in melanoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:23518-23527. [PMID: 31219186 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is responsible for the majority of deaths caused by skin cancer. Antitumor activity of microRNA-329 (miR-329) has been seen in several human cancers. In this study, we identify whether miR-329 serves as a candidate regulator in melanoma. Melanoma-related differentially expressed genes were screened with its potential molecular mechanism predicted. Melanoma tissues and pigmented nevus tissues were collected, where the levels of miR-329 and high-mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) were determined. To characterize the regulatory role of miR-329 on HMGB2 and the β-catenin pathway in melanoma cell activities, miR-329 mimics, miR-329 inhibitors, and siRNA-HMGB2 were transfected into melanoma cells. Cell viability, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis were assessed. miR-329 was predicted to influence melanoma by targeting HMGB2 via the β-catenin pathway. High level of HMGB2 and low miR-329 expression were observed in melanoma tissues. HMGB2 was targeted and negatively regulated by miR-329. In melanoma cells transfected with miR-329 mimics or siRNA-HMGB2, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were impeded, yet cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were promoted, corresponding to decreased levels of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and vimentin and increased levels of GSK3β and E-cadherin. Collectively, our results show that miR-329 can suppress the melanoma progression by downregulating HMGB2 via the β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Mo
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Hua Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Si
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Qing Jia
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Zhu Bai
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Ning She
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Qin Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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50
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Granno S, Nixon-Abell J, Berwick DC, Tosh J, Heaton G, Almudimeegh S, Nagda Z, Rain JC, Zanda M, Plagnol V, Tybulewicz VLJ, Cleverley K, Wiseman FK, Fisher EMC, Harvey K. Downregulated Wnt/β-catenin signalling in the Down syndrome hippocampus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7322. [PMID: 31086297 PMCID: PMC6513850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43820-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological mechanisms underlying Down syndrome (DS)/Trisomy 21, including dysregulation of essential signalling processes remain poorly understood. Combining bioinformatics with RNA and protein analysis, we identified downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the hippocampus of adult DS individuals with Alzheimer's disease and the 'Tc1' DS mouse model. Providing a potential underlying molecular pathway, we demonstrate that the chromosome 21 kinase DYRK1A regulates Wnt signalling via a novel bimodal mechanism. Under basal conditions, DYRK1A is a negative regulator of Wnt/β-catenin. Following pathway activation, however, DYRK1A exerts the opposite effect, increasing signalling activity. In summary, we identified downregulation of hippocampal Wnt/β-catenin signalling in DS, possibly mediated by a dose dependent effect of the chromosome 21-encoded kinase DYRK1A. Overall, we propose that dosage imbalance of the Hsa21 gene DYRK1A affects downstream Wnt target genes. Therefore, modulation of Wnt signalling may open unexplored avenues for DS and Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Granno
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jonathon Nixon-Abell
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
- Cell Biology Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel C Berwick
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
- School of Health, Life and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK6 7AA, UK
| | - Justin Tosh
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - George Heaton
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Sultan Almudimeegh
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Zenisha Nagda
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Jean-Christophe Rain
- Hybrigenics Services - Fondation Jérôme Lejeune, 3-5 Impasse Reille, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Manuela Zanda
- UCL Genetics Institute, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Vincent Plagnol
- UCL Genetics Institute, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Victor L J Tybulewicz
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Kings Cross, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, W12 0NN, UK
- London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK
| | - Karen Cleverley
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Frances K Wiseman
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK
| | - Elizabeth M C Fisher
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK
| | - Kirsten Harvey
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK.
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