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Fei X, Li Y, Zhang Q, Tian C, Li Y, Dong Q, Weir MD, Homayounfar N, Oates TW, Imazato S, Dai Q, Xu HHK, Ruan J. Novel pit and fissure sealant with nano-CaF 2 and antibacterial monomer: Fluoride recharge, microleakage, sealing ability and cytotoxicity. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:346-358. [PMID: 38583998 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Conventional resin-based sealants release minimal fluoride ions (F) and lack antibacterial activity. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel bioactive sealant containing calcium fluoride nanoparticles (nCaF2) and antibacterial dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM), and (2) investigate mechanical performance, F recharge and re-release, microleakage, sealing ability and cytotoxicity. Helioseal F served as commercial control. The initial F release from sealant containing 20% nCaF2 was 25-fold that of Helioseal F. After ion exhaustion and recharge, the F re-release from bioactive sealant did not decrease with increasing number of recharge and re-release cycles. Elastic modulus of new bioactive sealant was 44% higher than Helioseal F. The new sealant had excellent sealing, minimal microleakage, and good cytocompatibility. Hence, the nanostructured sealant had substantial and sustained F release and antibacterial activity, good sealing ability and biocompatibility. The novel bioactive nCaF2 sealant is promising to provide long-term F ions for caries prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Fei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Yuncong Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Chunli Tian
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Qiannan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Negar Homayounfar
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Quan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
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Abedi M, Ghasemi Y, Nemati MM. Nanotechnology in toothpaste: Fundamentals, trends, and safety. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24949. [PMID: 38317872 PMCID: PMC10838805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have revealed that healthcare nanomaterials are widely used in numerous areas of dentistry, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and repair. Nanomaterials in dental cosmetics are utilized to enhance the efficacy of toothpaste and other mouthwashes. Nanoparticles are added to toothpastes for a variety of reasons, including dental decay prevention, remineralization, hypersensitivity reduction, brightening, and antibacterial qualities. In this review, the benefits and uses of many common nanomaterials found in toothpaste are outlined. Additionally, the capacity and clinical applications of nanoparticles as anti-bacterial, whitening, hypersensitivity, and remineralizing agents in the treatment of dental problems and periodontitis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Abedi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Nemati
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Florea AD, Dobrota CT, Carpa R, Racz CP, Tomoaia G, Mocanu A, Avram A, Soritau O, Pop LC, Tomoaia-Cotisel M. Optimization of Functional Toothpaste Formulation Containing Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Birch Extract for Daily Oral Care. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7143. [PMID: 38005073 PMCID: PMC10672495 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
This research work aims to develop functional toothpastes with combined enamel remineralization and antibacterial effects using nano-hydroxyapatites (nHAPs) and birch extract. Eleven toothpastes (notated as P1-P11) were designed featuring different concentrations of birch extract and a constant concentration of pure nHAPs or substituted nHAPs (HAP-5%Zn, HAP-0.23%Mg-3.9%Zn-2%Si-10%Sr, and HAP-2.5%Mg-2.9%Si-1.34%Zn). In vitro assessments involved treating artificially demineralized enamel slices and analyzing surface repair and remineralization using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The Agar Disk Diffusion method was used to measure antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus aureus. Topographic images of enamel structure and surface roughness, as well as the ability of nHAP nanoparticles to form self-assembled layers, revealed excellent restorative properties of the tested toothpastes, with enamel nanostructure normalization occurring as soon as 10 days after treatment. The outcomes highlighted enamel morphology improvements due to the toothpaste treatment also having various efficacious antibacterial effects. Promising results were obtained using P5 toothpaste, containing HAP-5%Zn (3.4%) and birch extract (1.3%), indicating notable remineralization and good antibacterial properties. This study represents a significant advancement in oral care by introducing toothpaste formulations that simultaneously promote enamel health through effective remineralization and bacterial inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Diana Florea
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (C.T.D.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Cristina Teodora Dobrota
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (C.T.D.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (L.C.P.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Rahela Carpa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Csaba-Pal Racz
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (C.T.D.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Gheorghe Tomoaia
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 47 Gen. Traian Mosoiu Str., 400132 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Str., 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurora Mocanu
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (C.T.D.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Alexandra Avram
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (C.T.D.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Olga Soritau
- Oncology Institute of Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Lucian Cristian Pop
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (C.T.D.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Maria Tomoaia-Cotisel
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (C.T.D.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (L.C.P.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Str., 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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Wintzheimer S, Luthardt L, Cao KLA, Imaz I, Maspoch D, Ogi T, Bück A, Debecker DP, Faustini M, Mandel K. Multifunctional, Hybrid Materials Design via Spray-Drying: Much more than Just Drying. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2306648. [PMID: 37840431 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Spray-drying is a popular and well-known "drying tool" for engineers. This perspective highlights that, beyond this application, spray-drying is a very interesting and powerful tool for materials chemists to enable the design of multifunctional and hybrid materials. Upon spray-drying, the confined space of a liquid droplet is narrowed down, and its ingredients are forced together upon "falling dry." As detailed in this article, this enables the following material formation strategies either individually or even in combination: nanoparticles and/or molecules can be assembled; precipitation reactions as well as chemical syntheses can be performed; and templated materials can be designed. Beyond this, fragile moieties can be processed, or "precursor materials" be prepared. Post-treatment of spray-dried objects eventually enables the next level in the design of complex materials. Using spray-drying to design (particulate) materials comes with many advantages-but also with many challenges-all of which are outlined here. It is believed that multifunctional, hybrid materials, made via spray-drying, enable very unique property combinations that are particularly highly promising in myriad applications-of which catalysis, diagnostics, purification, storage, and information are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Wintzheimer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leoni Luthardt
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kiet Le Anh Cao
- Chemical Engineering Program, Department of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Inhar Imaz
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Takashi Ogi
- Chemical Engineering Program, Department of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Andreas Bück
- Institute of Particle Technology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Damien P Debecker
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Place Louis Pasteur, 1, 348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Marco Faustini
- Sorbonne Université, Collège de France, CNRS, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Paris, F-75005, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, 75231, France
| | - Karl Mandel
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
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Cui H, You Y, Cheng GW, Lan Z, Zou KL, Mai QY, Han YH, Chen H, Zhao YY, Yu GT. Advanced materials and technologies for oral diseases. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2156257. [PMID: 36632346 PMCID: PMC9828859 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2156257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oral disease, as a class of diseases with very high morbidity, brings great physical and mental damage to people worldwide. The increasing burden and strain on individuals and society make oral diseases an urgent global health problem. Since the treatment of almost all oral diseases relies on materials, the rapid development of advanced materials and technologies has also promoted innovations in the treatment methods and strategies of oral diseases. In this review, we systematically summarized the application strategies in advanced materials and technologies for oral diseases according to the etiology of the diseases and the comparison of new and old materials. Finally, the challenges and directions of future development for advanced materials and technologies in the treatment of oral diseases were refined. This review will guide the fundamental research and clinical translation of oral diseases for practitioners of oral medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cui
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan You
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Wang Cheng
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Lan
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Long Zou
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Ying Mai
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hua Han
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Yue Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Tao Yu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ahalya P, Uloopi KS, Vinay C, RojaRamya KS, Alla R, RangaRaju P. Evaluation of Dentin Remineralization with Zinc Oxide and Calcium Fluoride Nanoparticles - An In vitro Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2023; 14:57-61. [PMID: 37249990 PMCID: PMC10209774 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_701_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Partially demineralized dentin is remineralizable when mineral ions are made available in the near vicinity. Nanoparticles (NPs) have wide applications in remineralization process. Zinc promotes remineralization and has a synergistic effect when combined with fluoride. Hence, zinc oxide and calcium fluoride NPs were considered for dentin remineralization. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralizing ability of zinc oxide and calcium fluoride NPs on demineralized dentin individually and in combined form. Settings and Design This was an in vitro study. Materials and Methods Forty-eight dentin disks were prepared from the crowns of 12 extracted human molars and were allocated into four groups of 12 each, i.e., Group I - nano zinc oxide (nZnO), Group II - nano calcium fluoride (nCaF2), Group III - combined group (nZnO + nCaF2), and Group IV - artificial saliva (AS, control group). The specimens were demineralized with 37% phosphoric acid and placed in the respective remineralizing solutions for 24 h and 1 month. Calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) uptake was measured using energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and structural changes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance, Student's t-test, and post hoc Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis. Results At 1-month interval, all the groups showed an increase in Ca/P ratio, with highest being the combined group (4.24), followed by nCaF2 (3.30), nZnO (1.71), and AS (1.31) groups, and these differences were statistically significant (P = 0.000). On SEM analysis of dentinal samples at 1 month, depositions were evident in intertubular regions, wherein the highest deposits were observed in the nZnO group, followed by nZnO + nCaF2 and nCaF2 groups. Conclusion Dentin samples subjected to remineralization with aqueous solutions of nZnO and nCaF2 showed an increase in calcium and phosphorous uptake and also dense granular depositions were evident in intertubular regions of dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Ahalya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - KS Uloopi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C Vinay
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kakarla Sri RojaRamya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - RamaKrishna Alla
- Department of Dental Materials, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - P RangaRaju
- Department of Oral Pathology, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Nizami MZI, Xu VW, Yin IX, Lung CYK, Niu JY, Chu CH. Ceramic Nanomaterials in Caries Prevention: A Narrative Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4416. [PMID: 36558269 PMCID: PMC9786898 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ceramic nanomaterials are nanoscale inorganic metalloid solids that can be synthesised by heating at high temperatures followed by rapid cooling. Since the first nanoceramics were developed in the 1980s, ceramic nanomaterials have rapidly become one of the core nanomaterials for research because of their versatility in application and use in technology. Researchers are developing ceramic nanomaterials for dental use because ceramic nanoparticles are more stable and cheaper in production than metallic nanoparticles. Ceramic nanomaterials can be used to prevent dental caries because some of them have mineralising properties to promote the remineralisation of tooth tissue. Ceramic minerals facilitate the remineralisation process and maintain an equilibrium in pH levels to maintain tooth integrity. In addition, ceramic nanomaterials have antibacterial properties to inhibit the growth of cariogenic biofilm. Researchers have developed antimicrobial nanoparticles, conjugated ceramic minerals with antibacterial and mineralising properties, to prevent the formation and progression of caries. Common ceramic nanomaterials developed for caries prevention include calcium-based (including hydroxyapatite-based), bioactive glass-based, and silica-based nanoparticles. Calcium-based ceramic nanomaterials can substitute for the lost hydroxyapatite by depositing calcium ions. Bioactive glass-based nanoparticles contain surface-reactive glass that can form apatite crystals resembling bone and tooth tissue and exhibit chemical bonding to the bone and tooth tissue. Silica-based nanoparticles contain silica for collagen infiltration and enhancing heterogeneous mineralisation of the dentin collagen matrix. In summary, ceramic nanomaterials can be used for caries prevention because of their antibacterial and mineralising properties. This study gives an overview of ceramic nanomaterials for the prevention of dental caries.
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Hiers RD, Huebner P, Khajotia SS, Florez FLE. Characterization of Experimental Nanoparticulated Dental Adhesive Resins with Long-Term Antibacterial Properties. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3732. [PMID: 36364508 PMCID: PMC9656602 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Experimental adhesives with functional nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (N_TiO2) have been shown to display improved properties. However, these materials have not been characterized regarding their degree of conversion (DC), biaxial flexure strength (BFS), surface roughness (SR), elastic modulus (EM), and long-term antibacterial functionalities. Experimental adhesives were synthesized by dispersing N_TiO2 (10%, 20%, or 30%, v/v%) into OptiBond Solo Plus (OPTB, Kerr Corp., USA). Unpolymerized adhesives (volume = 50 μL/drop, n = 3/group) were individually placed onto a heated (37 °C) attenuated total reflectance (ATR) monolithic diamond crystal (Golden Gate, Specac). The spectra of composites were obtained with a Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer (Nicolet IS50; 500-4500 cm-1; resolution = 4 cm-1, 10 internal scans/spectrum) before and after polymerization. Disk-shaped specimens (diameter = 6.0 mm, thickness = 0.5 mm) for BFS (n = 12/group), SR and EM (n = 3/group), and for antibacterial testing (n = 18/group/time-point) were fabricated and photopolymerized (1 min each; 385-515 nm, 1000 mW/cm2; VALO). DC values (%) were calculated from pre- and post-polymerization spectra using the two-frequency method and tangent-baseline technique. BFS was assessed using a universal testing machine (Instron 68TM-5, crosshead speed = 1.27 mm/min, 25 °C). SR and EM were investigated using an atomic force microscope (Multimode 8) with aluminum-coated silicon probes (8 nm pyramidal tip, spring constant 40 N/m, Bruker). Antibacterial testing was performed by growing Streptococcus mutans biofilms (UA159-ldh, 37 °C, microaerophilic) on the surfaces of specimens for 24 h and then measuring the relative luminescence units (RLU) with a Biotek Synergy HT multi-well plate reader. Results demonstrate that experimental materials containing 10%, 20%, and 30% of N_TiO2 displayed higher levels of DC, had better mechanical properties, and were able to exert strong and durable antibacterial properties without visible light irradiation and after extended periods of simulated shelf-life and aging in PBS. The reported experimental materials are expected to increase the service lives of polymer-based bonded restorations by decreasing the incidence of secondary caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Denise Hiers
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Restorative Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Pedro Huebner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sharukh Soli Khajotia
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Restorative Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Fernando Luis Esteban Florez
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Restorative Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
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Cao J, Yang DL, Wang D, Wang JX. Spray-drying-assisted fabrication of CaF2/SiO2 nanoclusters for dental restorative composites. Dent Mater 2022; 38:835-847. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mosleh A, Eltayeb H. Comparative study on the efficacy of OliNano Seal and Curodont D’Senz in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (clinical trial and in vitro study). J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2022; 12:436-441. [DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_25_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Novel rechargeable calcium fluoride dental nanocomposites. Dent Mater 2021; 38:397-408. [PMID: 34974900 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Composite restorations with calcium fluoride nanoparticles (nCaF2) can remineralize tooth structure through F and Ca ion release. However, the persistence of ion release is limited. The objectives for this study were to achieve long-term remineralization by developing a rechargeable nCaF2 nanocomposite and investigating the F and Ca recharge and re-release capabilities. METHODS Three nCaF2 nanocomposites were formulated: (1) BT-nCaF2:Bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate (BisGMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA); (2) PE-nCaF2:Pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMGDM) and ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (EBPADMA); (3) BTM-nCaF2:BisGMA, TEGDMA, and Bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate (Bis-MEP). All formulations contained 15% nCaF2 and 55% glass particles. Initial flexural strength and elastic modulus, F and Ca ion release, recharge and re-release were tested and compared to three commercial fluoride-containing materials. RESULTS BT and BTM nCaF2 composites were 3-4 times stronger and had elastic modulus 2 times that of resin-modified glass ionomer controls. PE-nCaF2 had comparable strength to RMGIs. All nCaF2 composites had significant F and Ca ion release and ion rechargeability. In F and Ca recharging cycles, PE-nCaF2 had the highest ion recharging capability among nCaF2 groups, followed by BT-nCaF2 and BTM-nCaF2 (p < 0.05). For all recharge cycles, ion release maintained similar levels, demonstrating long-term ion release was possible. Furthermore, after the final recharge cycle, nCaF2 nanocomposites provided continuous ion release for 42 days without further recharge. SIGNIFICANCE Novel nCaF2 rechargeable nanocomposites exhibited significant F and Ca ion release over multiple recharge cycles, demonstrating continuous long-term ion release. These nanocomposites are promising restorations with lasting remineralization potential.
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Nizami MZI, Xu VW, Yin IX, Yu OY, Chu CH. Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Caries Prevention: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3446. [PMID: 34947795 PMCID: PMC8703950 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles based on metal and metallic oxide have become a novel trend for dental use as they interfere with bacterial metabolism and prevent biofilm formation. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles demonstrate significant antimicrobial activity by metal ion release, oxidative stress induction and non-oxidative mechanisms. Silver, zinc, titanium, copper, and magnesium ions have been used to develop metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. In addition, fluoride has been used to functionalise the metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. The fluoride-functionalised nanoparticles show fluoride-releasing properties that enhance apatite formation, promote remineralisation, and inhibit demineralisation of enamel and dentine. The particles' nanoscopic size increases their surface-to-volume ratio and bioavailability. The increased surface area facilitates their mechanical bond with tooth tissue. Therefore, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have been incorporated in dental materials to strengthen the mechanical properties of the materials and to prevent caries development. Another advantage of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles is their easily scalable production. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the use of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in caries prevention. The study reviews their effects on dental materials regarding antibacterial, remineralising, aesthetic, and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chun-Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (M.Z.I.N.); (V.W.X.); (I.X.Y.); (O.Y.Y.)
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Chingo Aimacaña CM, Pila KO, Quinchiguango Perez DA, Debut A, Attia MF, Santos-Oliveira R, Whitehead DC, Reinoso C, Alexis F, Dahoumane SA. Bimodal Ultrasound and X-ray Bioimaging Properties of Particulate Calcium Fluoride Biomaterial. Molecules 2021; 26:5447. [PMID: 34576919 PMCID: PMC8472579 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) and X-ray imaging are diagnostic methods that are commonly used to image internal body structures. Several organic and inorganic imaging contrast agents are commercially available. However, their synthesis and purification remain challenging, in addition to posing safety issues. Here, we report on the promise of widespread, safe, and easy-to-produce particulate calcium fluoride (part-CaF2) as a bimodal US and X-ray contrast agent. Pure and highly crystalline part-CaF2 is obtained using a cheap commercial product. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) depicts the morphology of these particles, while energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirms their chemical composition. Diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy highlights their insulating behavior. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals that part-CaF2 crystallizes in the face-centered cubic cell lattice. Further analyses regarding peak broadening are performed using the Scherrer and Williamson-Hall (W-H) methods, which pinpoint the small crystallite size and the presence of lattice strain. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) solely exhibits specific peaks related to CaF2, confirming the absence of any contamination. Additionally, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo maximum tolerated dose (MTD) tests prove the biocompatibility of part-CaF2. Finally, the results of the US and X-ray imaging tests strongly signal that part-CaF2 could be exploited in bimodal bioimaging applications. These findings may shed a new light on calcium fluoride and the opportunities it offers in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin O. Pila
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador; (K.O.P.); (D.A.Q.P.)
| | - Dilan A. Quinchiguango Perez
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador; (K.O.P.); (D.A.Q.P.)
| | - Alexis Debut
- Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí 170501, Ecuador;
| | - Mohamed F. Attia
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmaco-engineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Rio de Janeiro 21941-906, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, Zona Oeste State University, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Reinoso
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador; (C.M.C.A.); (C.R.)
| | - Frank Alexis
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador; (K.O.P.); (D.A.Q.P.)
| | - Si Amar Dahoumane
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador; (K.O.P.); (D.A.Q.P.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada
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Mitwalli H, AlSahafi R, Albeshir EG, Dai Q, Sun J, Oates TW, Melo MAS, Xu HHK, Weir MD. Novel Nano Calcium Fluoride Remineralizing and Antibacterial Dental Composites. J Dent 2021; 113:103789. [PMID: 34455017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Composites with remineralizing and antibacterial properties are favorable for caries inhibition. The objectives of this study were to develop a new bioactive nanocomposite with remineralizing and antibiofilm properties by incorporating dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and nano-calcium fluoride (nCaF2). METHODS nCaF2 was produced via a spray-drying method and integrated at 15% mass fraction into composite. DMAHDM was added at 3% mass fraction. Mechanical properties and F and Ca ion releases were assessed. Colony-forming units (CFU), lactic acid and metabolic activity of biofilms on composites were performed. RESULTS The new composites had flexural strengths of (95.28±6.32) MPa and (125.93±7.49) MPa, which were within the ISO recommendations. Biofilm CFU were reduced by 3-4 log (p<0.05). The composites achieved high F releases of (0.89±0.01) mmol/L and (0.44±0.01) mmol/L, and Ca releases of (1.46±0.05) mmol/L and (0.54±0.005) mmol/L. CONCLUSIONS New nanocomposites were developed with good mechanical properties, potent antibacterial activity against salivary biofilms, and high F and Ca ion releases with potential for remineralization. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Novel nanocomposites using nCaF2 and DMAHDM were developed with potent antibacterial and remineralizing effects and high F and Ca ion releases. They are promising to inhibit recurrent caries, promote remineralization, and possess long-term sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Mitwalli
- Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed AlSahafi
- Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtehal G Albeshir
- Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Restorative Dentistry, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Quan Dai
- Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research; College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Jirun Sun
- The Forsyth Institute, A Harvard School of Dental Medicine Affiliate, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
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Dai Q, Weir MD, Ruan J, Liu J, Gao J, Lynch CD, Oates TW, Li Y, Chang X, Xu HHK. Effect of co-precipitation plus spray-drying of nano-CaF 2 on mechanical and fluoride properties of nanocomposite. Dent Mater 2021; 37:1009-1019. [PMID: 33879343 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fluoride (F)-releasing restoratives typically are either weak mechanically or release only low levels of F ions. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel photo-cured nanocomposite with strong mechanical properties and high levels of sustained F ion release via a two-step "co-precipitation + spray-drying" technique to synthesize CaF2 nanoparticles (nCaF2); and (2) investigate the effect of spray-drying treatment after co-precipitation of nCaF2 on mechanical properties and F ion release of composite. METHODS Two types of CaF2 particles were synthesized: A co-precipitation method yielded CaF2cp; "co-precipitation + spray-drying" yielded nCaF2cpsd. Composites were fabricated with fillers of: (1) 0% CaF2 + 70% glass; (2) 10% CaF2cp + 60% glass; (3) 15% CaF2cp + 55% glass; (4) 20% CaF2cp + 50% glass; (5) 10% nCaF2cpsd + 60% glass; (6) 15% nCaF2cpsd + 55% glass; and (7) 20% nCaF2cpsd + 50% glass. A commercial F-releasing nanocomposite served as control. RESULTS The nCaF2cpsd had much smaller particle size (median = 32 nm) and narrower distribution (22-57 nm) than CaF2cp (median = 5.25 μm, 162 nm-67 μm). The composite containing nCaF2cpsd had greater flowability, flexural strength, elastic modulus and hardness than CaF2cp composite and commercial control composite. At 84-day immersion in water, the nanocomposites containing 20% nCaF2cpsd had 65 times higher cumulative F release, and 77 times greater long-term F-release rate, than commercial control. CONCLUSIONS A novel two-step "co-precipitation + spray-drying" technique of synthesizing nCaF2 was developed. The photo-cured nanocomposite containing 20% nCaF2cpsd possessed strong mechanical properties and excellent long-term F-release ability, and hence is promising for dental restoration applications to inhibit secondary caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Dai
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21021, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21021, USA
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21021, USA
| | - Jianghong Gao
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21021, USA
| | - Christopher D Lynch
- Restorative Dentistry, University Dental School and Hospital, University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21021, USA
| | - Yuncong Li
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Chang
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21021, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Liu J, Dai Q, Weir MD, Schneider A, Zhang C, Hack GD, Oates TW, Zhang K, Li A, Xu HHK. Biocompatible Nanocomposite Enhanced Osteogenic and Cementogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells In Vitro for Periodontal Regeneration. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13214951. [PMID: 33158111 PMCID: PMC7663634 DOI: 10.3390/ma13214951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Decays in the roots of teeth is prevalent in seniors as people live longer and retain more of their teeth to an old age, especially in patients with periodontal disease and gingival recession. The objectives of this study were to develop a biocompatible nanocomposite with nano-sized calcium fluoride particles (Nano-CaF2), and to investigate for the first time the effects on osteogenic and cementogenic induction of periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) from human donors.Nano-CaF2 particles with a mean particle size of 53 nm were produced via a spray-drying machine.Nano-CaF2 was mingled into the composite at 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% by mass. Flexural strength (160 ± 10) MPa, elastic modulus (11.0 ± 0.5) GPa, and hardness (0.58 ± 0.03) GPa for Nano-CaF2 composite exceeded those of a commercial dental composite (p < 0.05). Calcium (Ca) and fluoride (F) ions were released steadily from the composite. Osteogenic genes were elevated for hPDLSCs growing on 20% Nano-CaF2. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) peaked at 14 days. Collagen type 1 (COL1), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteopontin (OPN) peaked at 21 days. Cementogenic genes were also enhanced on 20% Nano-CaF2 composite, promoting cementum adherence protein (CAP), cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) expressions (p < 0.05). At 7, 14 and 21 days, the ALP activity of hPDLSCs on 20% Nano-CaF2 composite was 57-fold, 78-fold, and 55-fold greater than those of control, respectively (p < 0.05). Bone mineral secretion by hPDLSCs on 20% Nano-CaF2 composite was 2-fold that of control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the novel Nano-CaF2 composite was biocompatible and supported hPDLSCs. Nano-CaF2 composite is promising to fill tooth root cavities and release Ca and F ions to enhance osteogenic and cementogenic induction of hPDLSCs and promote periodontium regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shannxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China; (J.L.); (Q.D.)
- Clinical Research Center of Shannxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.D.W.); (C.Z.); (G.D.H.); (T.W.O.)
| | - Quan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Shannxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China; (J.L.); (Q.D.)
- Clinical Research Center of Shannxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.D.W.); (C.Z.); (G.D.H.); (T.W.O.)
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.D.W.); (C.Z.); (G.D.H.); (T.W.O.)
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Charles Zhang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.D.W.); (C.Z.); (G.D.H.); (T.W.O.)
| | - Gary D. Hack
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.D.W.); (C.Z.); (G.D.H.); (T.W.O.)
| | - Thomas W. Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.D.W.); (C.Z.); (G.D.H.); (T.W.O.)
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (A.L.); (H.H.K.X.); Tel.: +86-010-5709-9222 (K.Z.); +86-029-8721-6572 (A.L.); +86-44-3562-1295 (H.H.K.X.)
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shannxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China; (J.L.); (Q.D.)
- Clinical Research Center of Shannxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (A.L.); (H.H.K.X.); Tel.: +86-010-5709-9222 (K.Z.); +86-029-8721-6572 (A.L.); +86-44-3562-1295 (H.H.K.X.)
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.D.W.); (C.Z.); (G.D.H.); (T.W.O.)
- Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (A.L.); (H.H.K.X.); Tel.: +86-010-5709-9222 (K.Z.); +86-029-8721-6572 (A.L.); +86-44-3562-1295 (H.H.K.X.)
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Bapat RA, Chaubal TV, Dharmadhikari S, Abdulla AM, Bapat P, Alexander A, Dubey SK, Kesharwani P. Recent advances of gold nanoparticles as biomaterial in dentistry. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Novel CaF 2 Nanocomposites with Antibacterial Function and Fluoride and Calcium Ion Release to Inhibit Oral Biofilm and Protect Teeth. J Funct Biomater 2020; 11:jfb11030056. [PMID: 32752248 PMCID: PMC7564802 DOI: 10.3390/jfb11030056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The objective of this study was to develop a novel dental nanocomposite containing dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), and nanoparticles of calcium fluoride (nCaF2) for preventing recurrent caries via antibacterial, protein repellent and fluoride releasing capabilities. (2) Methods: Composites were made by adding 3% MPC, 3% DMAHDM and 15% nCaF2 into bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) (denoted BT). Calcium and fluoride ion releases were evaluated. Biofilms of human saliva were assessed. (3) Results: nCaF2+DMAHDM+MPC composite had the lowest biofilm colony forming units (CFU) and the greatest ion release; however, its mechanical properties were lower than commercial control composite (p < 0.05). nCaF2+DMAHDM composite had similarly potent biofilm reduction, with mechanical properties matching commercial control composite (p > 0.05). Fluoride and calcium ion releases from nCaF2+DMAHDM were much more than commercial composite. Biofilm CFU on composite was reduced by 4 logs (n = 9, p < 0.05). Biofilm metabolic activity and lactic acid were also substantially reduced by nCaF2+DMAHDM, compared to commercial control composite (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: The novel nanocomposite nCaF2+DMAHDM achieved strong antibacterial and ion release capabilities, without compromising the mechanical properties. This bioactive nanocomposite is promising to reduce biofilm acid production, inhibit recurrent caries, and increase restoration longevity.
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Fei X, Li Y, Weir MD, Baras BH, Wang H, Wang S, Sun J, Melo MAS, Ruan J, Xu HHK. Novel pit and fissure sealant containing nano-CaF 2 and dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate with double benefits of fluoride release and antibacterial function. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1241-1253. [PMID: 32571624 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pit and fissure sealants with antibacterial and remineralization properties have broad application prospects in caries prevention. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel pit and fissure sealant containing CaF2 nanoparticles (nCaF2) and dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM); and (2) investigate the effects of nCaF2 and DMAHDM on biofilm response and fluoride (F) ion release for the first time. METHODS Helioseal F was used as a control. Bioactive sealants were formulated with DMAHDM and nCaF2. Flow properties, enamel shear bond strength, hardness and F ion releases were measured. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilms were grown on sealants. Biofilm metabolic activity, lactic acid production, colony-forming units (CFU), and pH of biofilm culture medium were measured. RESULTS Adding 5% DMAHDM and 20% nCaF2 did not reduce the paste flow and enamel bond strength, compared to control (p < 0.05). Hardness of sealants with 20% nCaF2 and DMAHDM was higher than control (p < 0.05). The F ion release from 20% nCaF2 was much higher than that of commercial control (p < 0.05). The sealant with DMAHDM reduced the S. mutans biofilm CFU by 4 logs. The pH in biofilm medium of the new bioactive sealant was much higher (pH 6.8) than that of commercial sealant (pH 4.66) (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE The new bioactive pit and fissure sealant with nCaF2 and DMAHDM achieved high fluoride release and strong antibacterial performance. This novel fluoride-releasing and antibacterial sealant is promising to inhibit caries and promote the remineralizaton of enamel and dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Fei
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, and Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yuncong Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Bashayer H Baras
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haohao Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratary of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratary of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jirun Sun
- Volpe Research Center, American Dental Association Foundation, Frederick, MD 21704, USA
| | - Mary A S Melo
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, and Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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20
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Baskurt M, Yagmurcukardes M, Peeters FM, Sahin H. Stable single-layers of calcium halides (CaX 2, X = F, Cl, Br, I). J Chem Phys 2020; 152:164116. [PMID: 32357789 DOI: 10.1063/5.0006011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
By means of density functional theory based first-principles calculations, the structural, vibrational, and electronic properties of 1H- and 1T-phases of single-layer CaX2 (X = F, Cl, Br, or I) structures are investigated. Our results reveal that both the 1H- and 1T-phases are dynamically stable in terms of their phonon band dispersions with the latter being the energetically favorable phase for all single-layers. In both phases of single-layer CaX2 structures, significant phonon softening occurs as the atomic radius increases. In addition, each structural phase exhibits distinctive Raman active modes that enable one to characterize either the phase or the structure via Raman spectroscopy. The electronic band dispersions of single-layer CaX2 structures reveal that all structures are indirect bandgap insulators with a decrease in bandgaps from fluorite to iodide crystals. Furthermore, the calculated linear elastic constants, in-plane stiffness, and Poisson ratio indicate the ultra-soft nature of CaX2 single-layers, which is quite important for their nanoelastic applications. Overall, our study reveals that with their dynamically stable 1T- and 1H-phases, single-layers of CaX2 crystals can be alternative ultra-thin insulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Baskurt
- Department of Photonics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - M Yagmurcukardes
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - F M Peeters
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - H Sahin
- Department of Photonics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
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21
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Swetha DL, Vinay C, Uloopi KS, RojaRamya KS, Chandrasekhar R. Antibacterial and Mechanical Properties of Pit and Fissure Sealants Containing Zinc Oxide and Calcium Fluoride Nanoparticles. Contemp Clin Dent 2020; 10:477-482. [PMID: 32308323 PMCID: PMC7150578 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_805_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Pit and fissure sealants (PFSs) are the most effective preventive materials in dentistry. Secondary caries around the sealed pits and fissures at the material-tooth interface and the wear of the material remains the common problems. To address these problems, efforts have been made by incorporating zinc oxide (ZnO) and calcium fluoride (CaF2) nanoparticles (NPs) into the sealants to develop caries-inhibiting and stress-bearing sealants. Aim Evaluation of antibacterial and mechanical properties of PFS containing ZnO and CaF2 NPs. Settings and Design This was an in vitro study. Materials and Methods A total of 196 fissure sealant samples were divided into six test groups and a control group. The test group samples were prepared by incorporating two concentrations (0.5 wt% and 1 wt%) of ZnO and CaF2 NPs into the sealants. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by direct contact test; compressive and flexural strengths were evaluated by a universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis Used Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test. Results Sealants containing 1 wt% ZnO and CaF2 NPs and their mixture exhibited significantly higher antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus when compared to control group (P < 0.001). Samples with ZnO NPs exhibited similar mechanical properties as conventional sealant (control group); however, the samples with CaF2 NPs showed inferior mechanical properties (P < 0.05). Conclusion The observations of the study infer that sealants containing 1 wt% ZnO and CaF2 NPs and their mixture exhibited superior antibacterial activity. The mechanical properties of samples containing ZnO and mixture of ZnO and CaF2 particles remained comparable to the conventional sealants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Lakshmi Swetha
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C Vinay
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K S Uloopi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kakarla Sri RojaRamya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rayala Chandrasekhar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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22
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Daood U, Fawzy AS. Minimally invasive high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) improves dentine remineralization with hydroxyapatite nanorods. Dent Mater 2020; 36:456-467. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Baskurt M, Kang J, Sahin H. Octahedrally coordinated single layered CaF 2: robust insulating behaviour. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:2949-2954. [PMID: 31951237 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06015d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using first-principles calculations, the structural, vibrational, and electronic properties of single-layered calcium fluoride (CaF2) are investigated. The dynamical stability of 1T-CaF2 is confirmed by the phonon dispersions. Raman active vibrational modes of 1T-CaF2 enable its characterization via Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the calculated electronic properties of 1T-CaF2 confirmed insulating behavior with an indirect wide band gap which is larger than that of a well-known single-layered insulator, h-BN. Moreover, one-dimensional nanoribbons of CaF2 are investigated for two main edge orientations, namely zigzag and armchair, and it is revealed that both structures maintain the 1T nature of CaF2 without any structural edge reconstructions. Electronically, both types of CaF2 nanoribbons display robust insulating behavior with respect to the nanoribbon width. The results show that both the 2D and 1D forms of 1T-CaF2 show potential in nanoelectronics as an alternative to the widely-used insulator h-BN with its similar properties and wider electronic band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Baskurt
- Department of Photonics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, 35430, Turkey.
| | - Jun Kang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hasan Sahin
- Department of Photonics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, 35430, Turkey.
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24
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Ghafar H, Khan MI, Sarwar HS, Yaqoob S, Hussain SZ, Tariq I, Madni AU, Shahnaz G, Sohail MF. Development and Characterization of Bioadhesive Film Embedded with Lignocaine and Calcium Fluoride Nanoparticles. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:60. [PMID: 31912272 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of biofilm by Streptococcus mutans on the tooth surface is the primary cause of dental caries and periodontal diseases, and fluoride (F) has shown tremendous potential as a therapeutic moiety against these problems. Herein, we report an efficient multi-ingredient bioadhesive film-based delivery system for oral cavity to combat dental problems with an ease of administration. Thiolated chitosan-based bioadhesive film loaded with calcium fluoride nanoparticles (CaF2 NPs) and lignocaine as a continuous reservoir for prolonged delivery was successfully prepared and characterized. The polygonal CaF2 NPs with an average particle size less than 100 nm, PDI 0.253, and + 6.10 mV zeta potential were synthesized and loaded in film. The energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy confirmed the presence 33.13% F content in CaF2 NPs. The characterization of the three film trials for their mechanical strength, bioadhesion, drug release, and permeation enhancement suggested film B as better among the three trials and showed significant outcomes, indicating the potential application of the medicated bioadhesive film. In vitro dissolution studies revealed sustained release pattern of lignocaine and CaF2 NP following Krosmeyer-Peppas model over 8 h. Franz diffusion studies showed the prolonged contact time of film with mucosa that facilitated the transport of CaF2 NPs and lignocaine across the mucosa. Hence, the prepared bioadhesive film-based system showed good potential for better management of dental problems. Graphical Abstract.
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25
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Reis DP, Filho JDN, Rossi AL, de Almeida Neves A, Portela MB, da Silva EM. Remineralizing potential of dental composites containing silanized silica-hydroxyapatite (Si-HAp) nanoporous particles charged with sodium fluoride (NaF). J Dent 2019; 90:103211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.103211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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26
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Zeng G, Ling B, Li Z, Luo S, Sui X, Guan Q. Fluorine removal and calcium fluoride recovery from rare-earth smelting wastewater using fluidized bed crystallization process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 373:313-320. [PMID: 30925391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a regulated pollutant, fluorine compounds affect the health of millions of people all over the world. Their removal using a fluidized bed reactor (FBR) through crystallization process is a new method. Instead of chemical precipitation, which produces large amounts of sludge-containing wastewater hard to recover and treat. In this work, FBR was applied to a typical rare-earth smelting wastewater containing fluorine. Influence of different seed materials, seed size, and seed amounts on the fluorine removal and calcium fluoride recovery in the FBR were studied. When silica sand was used as the seed crystal and the amounts reached 30g, the concentration of fluorine in the actual wastewater decreased to 8.2 mg L-1 or lower. The removal efficiency of fluorine and recovery ratio of calcium fluoride were obtained as 93.79% and 89.45%, respectively. The particle size of recovered calcium fluoride was about 1.5mm. The results show that FBR with silica sand as seed crystal is a feasible and economical method for removing fluorine and recovering calcium fluoride from rare-earth industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guisheng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China.
| | - Bo Ling
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China.
| | - Xinzhen Sui
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Qian Guan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China
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Liang K, Wang S, Tao S, Xiao S, Zhou H, Wang P, Cheng L, Zhou X, Weir MD, Oates TW, Li J, Xu HHK. Dental remineralization via poly(amido amine) and restorative materials containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles. Int J Oral Sci 2019; 11:15. [PMID: 31068570 PMCID: PMC6506538 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-019-0048-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth decay is prevalent, and secondary caries causes restoration failures, both of which are related to demineralization. There is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic materials with remineralization functions. This article represents the first review on the cutting edge research of poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) in combination with nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP). PAMAM was excellent nucleation template, and could absorb calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ions via its functional groups to activate remineralization. NACP composite and adhesive showed acid-neutralization and Ca and P ion release capabilities. PAMAM+NACP together showed synergistic effects and produced triple benefits: excellent nucleation templates, superior acid-neutralization, and ions release. Therefore, the PAMAM+NACP strategy possessed much greater remineralization capacity than using PAMAM or NACP alone. PAMAM+NACP achieved dentin remineralization even in an acidic solution without any initial Ca and P ions. Besides, the long-term remineralization capability of PAMAM+NACP was established. After prolonged fluid challenge, the immersed PAMAM with the recharged NACP still induced effective dentin mineral regeneration. Furthermore, the hardness of pre-demineralized dentin was increased back to that of healthy dentin, indicating a complete remineralization. Therefore, the novel PAMAM+NACP approach is promising to provide long-term therapeutic effects including tooth remineralization, hardness increase, and caries-inhibition capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunneng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics & Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shimeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Han Zhou
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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28
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Evaluation of novel nanoscaled metal fluorides on their ability to remineralize enamel caries lesions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1942. [PMID: 30760851 PMCID: PMC6374369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of two nanoscaled metal fluorides (NMF) to remineralize shallow (SL) and deep (DL) artificial enamel caries lesions. NMF are synthesized via a non-aqueous fluorolytic sol-gel-synthesis and dissolve low fluoride concentration in aqueous solutions (n-CaF2: 7 ppm, n-MgF2: 70 ppm), whilst containing a nominal fluoride concentration of 3,400 ppm. For comparison, an aqueous sodium fluoride solution (NaF: 3,400 ppm), a sodium fluoride containing varnish (Duraphat: 22,600 ppm) and a fluoride-free negative control were investigated. Bovine enamel specimens with SL (n = 86, 4649–4795 vol%xμm) or DL (n = 145, 9091–9304 vol%xμm) were prepared and allocated to five groups each. In each group the respective agent was applied and pH-cycling was performed for 14 days (SL) and 90 days (DL), respectively. Mineral loss and lesion depth were assessed by transversal microradiography. For SL, all fluoride agents significantly remineralized the specimens compared to baseline (p > 0.05; Mann-Whitney test) to a similar extent. For DL, both NMF showed significantly higher mineral gain compared to the other fluoride agents (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the novel NMF- showing relatively low free fluoride concentrations- bear at least the similar potential for remineralization of early caries lesions as highly fluoridated agents being commonly used.
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29
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Bapat RA, Joshi CP, Bapat P, Chaubal TV, Pandurangappa R, Jnanendrappa N, Gorain B, Khurana S, Kesharwani P. The use of nanoparticles as biomaterials in dentistry. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:85-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Al-Dulaijan YA, Cheng L, Weir MD, Melo MAS, Liu H, Oates TW, Wang L, Xu HHK. Novel rechargeable calcium phosphate nanocomposite with antibacterial activity to suppress biofilm acids and dental caries. J Dent 2018. [PMID: 29526668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rechargeable calcium phosphate (CaP) composites were developed recently. However, none of the rechargeable CaP composites was antibacterial. The objectives of this study were to develop the first rechargeable CaP composite that was antibacterial, and to investigate the effects of adding dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) into rechargeable CaP composite on ion rechargeability and re-release as well as biofilm properties. METHODS DMAHDM was synthesized via a Menschutkin reaction. Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) were synthesized using a spray-drying technique. The resin contained ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (EBPADMA) and pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMGDM). Two composites were fabricated: rechargeable NACP composite, and rechargeable NACP-DMAHDM composite. Mechanical properties and ion release and recharge were measured. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model using saliva was tested. RESULTS Flexural strength and elastic modulus of rechargeable NACP and NACP-DMAHDM composites matched commercial control composite (p > 0.1). NACP-DMAHDM inhibited biofilm metabolic activity and lactic acid, and reduced biofilm colony-forming units (CFU) by 3-4 log. NACP and NACP-DMAHDM showed similar Ca and P ion recharge and re-release (p > 0.1). Therefore, adding DMAHDM did not compromise the ion rechargeability. One recharge yielded continuous release for 42 d. The release was maintained at the same level with increasing number of recharge cycles, indicating long-term ion release and remineralization capability. CONCLUSIONS The first CaP rechargeable and antibacterial composite was developed. Adding DMAHDM into the rechargeable NACP composite did not adversely affect the Ca and P ion release and recharge, and the composite had much less biofilm growth and lactic acid production, with CFU reduction by 3-4 log. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This novel CaP rechargeable composite with long-term remineralization and antibacterial properties is promising for tooth restorations to inhibit caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousif A Al-Dulaijan
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Huaibing Liu
- L.D. Caulk Division, Dentsply Sirona Restorative, Milford, DE 19963, USA
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; VIP Integrated Department, Stomatological Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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31
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AlKahtani RN. The implications and applications of nanotechnology in dentistry: A review. Saudi Dent J 2018; 30:107-116. [PMID: 29628734 PMCID: PMC5884254 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging science of nanotechnology, especially within the dental and medical fields, sparked a research interest in their potential applications and benefits in comparison to conventional materials used. Therefore, a better understanding of the science behind nanotechnology is essential to appreciate how these materials can be utilised in our daily practice. The present paper will help the reader understand nanoscience, and the benefits and limitations of nanotechnology by addressing its ethical, social, and health implications. Additionally, nano-applications in dental diagnostics, dental prevention, and in dental materials will be addressed, with examples of commercially available products and evidence on their clinical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan N AlKahtani
- Restorative Dentistry Division, Clinical Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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32
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Al-Ajely MS, Ziadan KM, Al-Bader RM. PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CALCIUM FLUORIDE NANO PARTICLES FOR DENTAL APPLICATIONS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i1.2018.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to prepare a calcium fluoride (CaF2NP) Nano particle which is used in dental composites as dental filling compo glass type. CaF2 Nano powders were prepared using a Co-precipitation method using binary liquid. Crystal Structural characteristics and Elemental composition of (CaF2NP) Nanoparticles were predicted by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which showed crystalline peaks of this material. Elemental composition was obtained from EDX analysis. Morphology and diameters of the Nano fibers were studied by scanning electron Microscope (SEM). The size of the particles was also measured from SEM images about 58 ± 21 nm.
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33
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Stubbing J, Brown J, Price GJ. Sonochemical production of nanoparticle metal oxides for potential use in dentistry. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 35:646-654. [PMID: 27282407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two types of ultrasonic instruments used in dentistry have been compared with a sonochemical horn for the production of copper oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles can be produced from benign reagents using dental instruments as the source of sonochemical enhancement. The process has been operated in resin models of teeth in a preliminary exploration of the potential of the method for enhancing procedures such as root canal surgery. The technique is potentially useful but further work is needed for a full assessment of using in-situ generated nanoparticles as an aid to disinfection during some types of dental surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Stubbing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Judith Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Gareth J Price
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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34
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Elkassas D, Arafa A. The innovative applications of therapeutic nanostructures in dentistry. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:1543-1562. [PMID: 28232213 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has paved multiple ways in preventing, reversing or restoring dental caries which is one of the major health care problems. Nanotechnology aided in processing variety of nanomaterials with innovative dental applications. Some showed antimicrobial effect helping in the preventive stage. Others have remineralizing potential intercepting early lesion progression as nanosized calcium phosphate, carbonate hydroxyapatite nanocrystals, nanoamorphous calcium phosphate and nanoparticulate bioactive glass particularly with provision of self-assembles protein that furnish essential role in biomimetic repair. The unique size of nanomaterials makes them fascinating carriers for dental products. Thus, it is recentlyclaimedthat fortifying the adhesives with nanomaterials that possess biological meritsdoes not only enhance the mechanical and physical properties of the adhesives, but also help to attain and maintain a durable adhesive joint and enhanced longevity. Accordingly, this review will focus on the current status and the future implications of nanotechnology in preventive and adhesive dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Elkassas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Misr International University, Egypt
| | - Abla Arafa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Misr International University, Egypt.
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Tian P, Peng F, Wang D, Liu X. Corrosion behavior and cytocompatibility of fluoride-incorporated plasma electrolytic oxidation coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy. Regen Biomater 2017; 4:1-10. [PMID: 28149524 PMCID: PMC5274704 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbw036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoride-incorporated plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating was fabricated on biodegradable AZ31 alloy. The surface morphologies and phases were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The effect of fluoride incorporation in coatings on corrosion behaviour was investigated in simulated body fluid and in vitro cytocompatibility of the coatings was also studied by evaluating cytotoxicity, adhesion, proliferation and live-dead stain of osteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1). Furthermore, the corrosion morphologies in vivo were examined. The results showed that the fluoride could be incorporated into the coating to form MgF2 phase. In vitro and in vivo degradation tests revealed that the corrosion resistance of the coating could be improved by the incorporation of fluoride, which may attribute to the chemical stability of MgF2 phase. Moreover, good cytocompatibility of fluoride-incorporated coating was confirmed with no obvious cytotoxicity, enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation. However, when the fluoride content was high, a slight inhibition of cell growth was observed. The results indicate that although fluoride incorporation can enhance the corrosion resistance of the coatings, thus resulting a more suitable environment for cells, the high content of fluoride in the coating also kill cells ascribed to the high released of fluorine. If the content of fluoride is well controlled, the PEO coating with MgF2 phase is a promising surface modification of Mg alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P.R. China
| | - Feng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P.R. China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P.R. China
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Rezvani MB, Rouhollahi MR, Andalib F, Hamze F. Nano-hydroxyapatite could Compensate the Adverse Effect of soft carbonated Drinks on Enamel. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016; 17:635-8. [PMID: 27659079 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since one of the most important disadvantages of soft drinks includes their adverse effect on mineral content of enamel because of their low pH, this study examined the microhardness of enamel before and after exposure to a soft drink containing different concentrations of nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) as an additive. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty caries free human premolars were mounted in epoxy resin. After polishing, the baseline micro-hardness was recorded three times for each specimen using a Vickers indenter at 50 gm load. Subsequently, the samples were divided into six groups, which were treated for 5 minutes at 9°C by a cola-based drink contacting 0, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 wt.% of nano-HA while the control group was immersed in artificial saliva. Ultimately, the final microhardness was assessed three times again for each specimen. RESULTS Paired t-test showed that in groups containing 0 and 0.5 wt.% of nano-HA, the microhardness was significantly reduced after treatment protocol (p = 0.00 and 0.01 respectively). Whereas in the other groups the microhardness was not significantly changed after treatment (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Pure cola-based drink has a pronounced adverse effect on enamel microhardness, while admixing it with nano-HA could act as a protective factor. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Although soft beverages are hazardous to tooth structure, some additives could compensate their adverse effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad B Rezvani
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Shahed Dental School Shahed University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad R Rouhollahi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Shahed Dental School Shahed University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fahimeh Andalib
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Isfahan Dental School Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Faeze Hamze
- Assistant Professor, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran, Phone: +983432126024, e-mail: and
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Besinis A, van Noort R, Martin N. The use of acetone to enhance the infiltration of HA nanoparticles into a demineralized dentin collagen matrix. Dent Mater 2016; 32:385-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kulshrestha S, Khan S, Hasan S, Khan ME, Misba L, Khan AU. Calcium fluoride nanoparticles induced suppression of Streptococcus mutans biofilm: an in vitro and in vivo approach. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1901-1914. [PMID: 26610805 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm formation on the tooth surface is the root cause of dental caries and periodontal diseases. Streptococcus mutans is known to produce biofilm which is one of the primary causes of dental caries. Acid production and acid tolerance along with exopolysaccharide (EPS) formation are major virulence factors of S. mutans biofilm. In the current study, calcium fluoride nanoparticles (CaF2-NPs) were evaluated for their effect on the biofilm forming ability of S. mutans in vivo and in vitro. The in vitro studies revealed 89 % and 90 % reduction in biofilm formation and EPS production, respectively. Moreover, acid production and acid tolerance abilities of S. mutans were also reduced considerably in the presence of CaF2-NPs. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images were in accordance with the other results indicating inhibition of biofilm without affecting bacterial viability. The qRT-PCR gene expression analysis showed significant downregulation of various virulence genes (vicR, gtfC, ftf, spaP, comDE) associated with biofilm formation. Furthermore, CaF2-NPs were found to substantially decrease the caries in treated rat groups as compared to the untreated groups in in vivo studies. Scanning electron micrographs of rat's teeth further validated our results. These findings suggest that the CaF2-NPs may be used as a potential antibiofilm applicant against S. mutans and may be applied as a topical agent to reduce dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatavari Kulshrestha
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Shakir Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Sadaf Hasan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Ehtisham Khan
- Center of Excellence in Material Sciences (Nanomaterials), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Lama Misba
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Asad U Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Cheng L, Zhang K, Weir MD, Melo MAS, Zhou X, Xu HHK. Nanotechnology strategies for antibacterial and remineralizing composites and adhesives to tackle dental caries. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:627-41. [PMID: 25723095 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is the most widespread disease and an economic burden. Nanotechnology is promising to inhibit caries by controlling biofilm acids and enhancing remineralization. Nanoparticles of silver were incorporated into composites/adhesives, along with quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs), to combat biofilms. Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) released calcium/phosphate ions, remineralized tooth-lesions and neutralized acids. By combining nanoparticles of silver/QAM/NACP, a new class of composites and adhesives with antibacterial and remineralization double benefits was developed. Various other nanoparticles including metal and oxide nanoparticles such as ZnO and TiO2, as well as polyethylenimine nanoparticles and their antibacterial capabilities in dental resins were also reviewed. These nanoparticles are promising for incorporation into dental composites/cements/sealants/bases/liners/adhesives. Therefore, nanotechnology has potential to significantly improve restorative and preventive dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cheng
- Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Mostafa AA, Zaazou MH, Chow LC, Mahmoud AA, Zaki DY, Basha M, Abdel Hamid MA, Khallaf ME, Sharaf NF, Hamdy TM. Injectable nanoamorphous calcium phosphate based
in situ
gel systems for the treatment of periapical lesions. Biomed Mater 2015; 10:065006. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/6/065006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Claire S, Walmsley AD, Glinton S, Floyd H, Sammons R, Pikramenou Z. The deposition and imaging of silica sub-micron particles in dentine. J Dent 2015; 43:1242-8. [PMID: 26260975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sub-micron particles may assist in the delivery of compounds into dentine tubules. The surface interactions of the particles with dentine may prevent them from entering the tubules. The aim of this study is to investigate whether silica particles, treated with surfactants improves dentine tubules occlusion using both artificial and human tooth models METHODS Spherical silica particles (size 130-810nm) bearing an encapsulated ruthenium luminescent complex were coated with the following surfactants: Zonyl(®) FSA, Triton(®) X-100 and Tween20(®). The particles were prepared as 0.004% w/v and 0.04% w/v solutions with deionized water and were applied to the surface of; (1) in vitro model of PET ThinCert™ cell culture inserts; (2) 0.1mm thick sections of human molar teeth. RESULTS Scanning electron and confocal fluorescence microscopy images show that particles without any coating and with TritonX-100 coating had the highest aggregation. Particles with Tween-20 are less aggregated on the surface and show inclusion in the tubules. Particles coated with fluorosurfactant Zonyl show a preference for aggregation at the tubule. With the ThinCert™ membranes high aggregation within the artificial tubules was increased by particle concentration. CONCLUSIONS The use of silica sub-micron particles on hard dental tissues is dependent on the modification of the surface chemistry of both the particle and the dentine and the employment of the fluorοsurfactant may improve tubule occlusion. The use of ThinCerts™ membrane is useful in vitro model to mimic dentinal tubules and observe the ability of particles to occlude small channels. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of silica sub-micron particles on hard dentine tissues is dependent on the modification of the surface coating of the particles. This may influence how particles are incorporated in potential delivery vehicles applied to the dentine surface with the employment of a fluorosurfactant showing promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Claire
- Physical Sciences of Imaging in the Biological Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sophie Glinton
- Physical Sciences of Imaging in the Biological Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Hayley Floyd
- Physical Sciences of Imaging in the Biological Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Sammons
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Pikramenou
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Deng F, Fu LH, Ma MG. Microwave-assisted rapid synthesis and characterization of CaF 2 particles-filled cellulose nanocomposites in ionic liquid. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 121:163-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Besinis A, De Peralta T, Tredwin CJ, Handy RD. Review of nanomaterials in dentistry: interactions with the oral microenvironment, clinical applications, hazards, and benefits. ACS NANO 2015; 9:2255-2289. [PMID: 25625290 DOI: 10.1021/nn505015e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Interest in the use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) as either nanomedicines or dental materials/devices in clinical dentistry is growing. This review aims to detail the ultrafine structure, chemical composition, and reactivity of dental tissues in the context of interactions with ENMs, including the saliva, pellicle layer, and oral biofilm; then describes the applications of ENMs in dentistry in context with beneficial clinical outcomes versus potential risks. The flow rate and quality of saliva are likely to influence the behavior of ENMs in the oral cavity, but how the protein corona formed on the ENMs will alter bioavailability, or interact with the structure and proteins of the pellicle layer, as well as microbes in the biofilm, remains unclear. The tooth enamel is a dense crystalline structure that is likely to act as a barrier to ENM penetration, but underlying dentinal tubules are not. Consequently, ENMs may be used to strengthen dentine or regenerate pulp tissue. ENMs have dental applications as antibacterials for infection control, as nanofillers to improve the mechanical and bioactive properties of restoration materials, and as novel coatings on dental implants. Dentifrices and some related personal care products are already available for oral health applications. Overall, the clinical benefits generally outweigh the hazards of using ENMs in the oral cavity, and the latter should not prevent the responsible innovation of nanotechnology in dentistry. However, the clinical safety regulations for dental materials have not been specifically updated for ENMs, and some guidance on occupational health for practitioners is also needed. Knowledge gaps for future research include the formation of protein corona in the oral cavity, ENM diffusion through clinically relevant biofilms, and mechanistic investigations on how ENMs strengthen the tooth structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracy De Peralta
- ‡Plymouth University Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, John Bull Building, Tamar Science Park, Plymouth PL6 8BU, U.K
| | - Christopher J Tredwin
- ‡Plymouth University Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, John Bull Building, Tamar Science Park, Plymouth PL6 8BU, U.K
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Koeser J, Carvalho TS, Pieles U, Lussi A. Preparation and optimization of calcium fluoride particles for dental applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:1671-1677. [PMID: 24682907 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fluorides are used in dental care due to their beneficial effect in tooth enamel de-/remineralization cycles. To achieve a desired constant supply of soluble fluorides in the oral cavity, different approaches have been followed. Here we present results on the preparation of CaF2 particles and their characterization with respect to a potential application as enamel associated fluoride releasing reservoirs. CaF2 particles were synthesized by precipitation from soluble NaF and CaCl2 salt solutions of defined concentrations and their morphology analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. CaF2 particles with defined sizes and shapes could be synthesized by adjusting the concentrations of the precursor salt solutions. Such particles interacted with enamel surfaces when applied at fluoride concentrations correlating to typical dental care products. Fluoride release from the synthesized CaF2 particles was observed to be largely influenced by the concentration of phosphate in the solution. Physiological solutions with phosphate concentration similar to saliva (3.5 mM) reduced the fluoride release from pure CaF2 particles by a factor of 10-20 × as compared to phosphate free buffer solutions. Fluoride release was even lower in human saliva. The fluoride release could be increased by the addition of phosphate in substoichiometric amounts during CaF2 particle synthesis. The presented results demonstrate that the morphology and fluoride release characteristics of CaF2 particles can be tuned and provide evidence of the suitability of synthetic CaF2 particles as enamel associated fluoride reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Koeser
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gruendenstrasse 40, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland,
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Odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation of dental pulp cells under nanobioactive glass induction. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:2792-803. [PMID: 24576581 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BG) has been widely used in bone regeneration; however, reports on the biological effects of BG on dental pulp cells are rare. This study aims to investigate the effects of nanoscale BG (n-BG) on odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation of dental pulp cells and to compare these effects with those of microscale BG (m-BG). Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) from third molars were cultured directly with m-BG and n-BG in vitro. The cell proliferation increased at 0.1mgml(-1) BG, which also had a chemotactic effect on hDPCs. The mineralization capacity and expression of odontogenic-related proteins and genes (dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1 and collagen type I) of hDPCs were significantly up-regulated under BG induction, and were particularly higher in the n-BG group than in the control group. m-BG and n-BG combined with pulp tissues were transplanted into the dorsum of immunodeficient mice to observe their biological effects on dental pulp cells in vivo. A continuous layer of dentin-like tissue with uniform thickness, a well-organized dentinal tubule structure and polarizing odontoblast-like cells aligned along it was generated upon the n-BG layer, whereas some irregular sporadic osteodentin-like mineralized tissues were observed in the control group. This study reveals that BG, especially n-BG, induces the odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation of dental pulp cells and may serve as a potential material for pulp repair and dentin regeneration.
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Javidi M, Zarei M, Naghavi N, Mortazavi M, Nejat AH. Zinc oxide nano-particles as sealer in endodontics and its sealing ability. Contemp Clin Dent 2014; 5:20-4. [PMID: 24808690 PMCID: PMC4012111 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.128656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of new experimental nano-ZOE-based sealer. Settings and Design: Three types of nano-ZOE-based sealer (calcined at different temperatures of 500, 600 and 700°C) with two other commercially available sealers (AH26 and micro-sized zinc oxide eugenol sealer) were used. Materials and Methods: Zinc oxide nano-particles were synthesized by a modified sol-gel method. The structure and morphology of the prepared powders were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The instrumented canals of 60 single-rooted teeth were divided into five groups (n = 10), with the remaining ten used as controls. The canals were filled with gutta-percha using one of the materials mentioned above as sealer. After 3, 45 and 90 days, the samples were connected to a fluid filtration system. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed using Student's t-test. Results: The XRD patterns and TEM images revealed that all the synthesized powders had hexagonal wurtzite structures with an average particle size of about 30-60 nm at different calcination temperatures. Microleakage in AH26 groups was significantly more than that in three groups of ZnO nano-particles at all the three evaluation intervals. Apical microleakage of ZnO micro-powders was significantly more than that of all the materials, but the sealing ability of ZnO nano-powder sealers did not differ significantly. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the synthesized ZnO nano-powder sealers are suitable for use as a nano-sealer in root canal therapy to prevent leakage; however, further studies should be carried out to verify their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Javidi
- Dental Material Research Center, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mina Zarei
- Dental Material Research Center, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Neda Naghavi
- Dental Research Center, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Iran
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Besinis A, van Noort R, Martin N. Remineralization potential of fully demineralized dentin infiltrated with silica and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Dent Mater 2014; 30:249-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Melo MAS, Guedes SFF, Xu HHK, Rodrigues LKA. Nanotechnology-based restorative materials for dental caries management. Trends Biotechnol 2013; 31:459-67. [PMID: 23810638 PMCID: PMC3845439 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been applied to dental materials as an innovative concept for the development of materials with better properties and anticaries potential. In this review we discuss the current progress and future applications of functional nanoparticles incorporated in dental restorative materials as useful strategies to dental caries management. We also overview proposed antimicrobial and remineralizing mechanisms. Nanomaterials have great potential to decrease biofilm accumulation, inhibit the demineralization process, to be used for remineralizing tooth structure, and to combat caries-related bacteria. These results are encouraging and open the doors to future clinical studies that will allow the therapeutic value of nanotechnology-based restorative materials to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary A S Melo
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Dept of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Sapsford KE, Algar WR, Berti L, Gemmill KB, Casey BJ, Oh E, Stewart MH, Medintz IL. Functionalizing nanoparticles with biological molecules: developing chemistries that facilitate nanotechnology. Chem Rev 2013; 113:1904-2074. [PMID: 23432378 DOI: 10.1021/cr300143v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 818] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim E Sapsford
- Division of Biology, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
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