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Kim H, Kang D, Seong D, Saleah SA, Luna JA, Kim Y, Kim H, Han S, Jeon M, Kim J. Skin pore imaging using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography: a case report. Biomed Eng Lett 2023; 13:729-737. [PMID: 37872989 PMCID: PMC10590360 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-023-00290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sebum is an important component of the skin that has attracted attention in many fields, including dermatology and cosmetics. Pore expansion due to sebum on the skin can lead to various problems. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the morphological characteristics of sebum. In this study, we used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to evaluate facial sebum areas. We obtained the OCT maximum amplitude projection (MAP) image and a cross-sectional image of skin pores in the facial area. Subsequently, we detected the sebum in skin pores using the detection algorithm of the ImageJ software to quantitatively determine the size of randomly selected pores in the proposed MAP images. Additionally, the pore size was analyzed by acquiring images before and after facial sebum extraction. According to our research, facial sebum can be morphologically described using the OCT system. Since OCT imaging enables specific analysis of skin parameters, including pores and sebum, skin analysis employing OCT could be an effective method for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunmo Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwan Kang
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Daewoon Seong
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Sm Abu Saleah
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Jannat Amrin Luna
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseok Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyeob Han
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Mansik Jeon
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehyun Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
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2
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Cen Y, Huang X, Liu J, Qin Y, Wu X, Ye S, Du S, Liao W. Application of three-dimensional reconstruction technology in dentistry: a narrative review. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:630. [PMID: 37667286 PMCID: PMC10476426 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction technology is a method of transforming real goals into mathematical models consistent with computer logic expressions and has been widely used in dentistry, but the lack of review and summary leads to confusion and misinterpretation of information. The purpose of this review is to provide the first comprehensive link and scientific analysis of 3D reconstruction technology and dentistry to bridge the information bias between these two disciplines. METHODS The IEEE Xplore and PubMed databases were used for rigorous searches based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, supplemented by Google Academic as a complementary tool to retrieve all literature up to February 2023. We conducted a narrative review focusing on the empirical findings of the application of 3D reconstruction technology to dentistry. RESULTS We classify the technologies applied to dentistry according to their principles and summarize the different characteristics of each category, as well as the different application scenarios determined by these characteristics of each technique. In addition, we indicate their development prospects and worthy research directions in the field of dentistry, from individual techniques to the overall discipline of 3D reconstruction technology, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Researchers and clinicians should make different decisions on the choice of 3D reconstruction technology based on different objectives. The main trend in the future development of 3D reconstruction technology is the joint application of technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyan Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jialing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yichun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xinrui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shiyang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shufang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Wen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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Abstract
Cross-polarized optical coherence tomography offers improved contrast for samples which can alter the polarization of light when it interacts with the sample. This property has been utilized to screen pathological conditions in several organs. Existing cross-polarized optical coherence tomography systems require several polarization-controlling elements to minimize the optical fiber movement-related image artifacts. In this work, we demonstrate a cross-polarized optical coherence tomography system using unpolarized light and only two quarter-wave plates, which is free from fiber-induced image artifacts. The simplicity of the approach will find many applications in clinical settings.
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Pattem J, Davrandi M, Aguayo S, Slak B, Maev R, Allan E, Spratt D, Bozec L. Dependency of hydration and growth conditions on the mechanical properties of oral biofilms. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16234. [PMID: 34376751 PMCID: PMC8355335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the oral cavity, dental biofilms experience dynamic environments, in part due to changes in dietary content, frequency of intake and health conditions. This can impact bacterial diversity and morpho-mechanical properties. While phenotypic properties of oral biofilms are closely related to their composition, these can readily change according to dynamic variations in the growth environment and nutrient availability. Understanding the interlink between phenotypic properties, variable growth conditions, and community characterization is an essential requirement to develop structure–property relationships in oral-biofilms. In this study, the impact of two distinct growth media types with increasing richness on the properties of oral biofilms was assessed through a new combination of in-vitro time-lapse biophysical methods with microbiological assays. Oral biofilms grown in the enriched media composition presented a decrease in their pH, an increase in soluble EPS production, and a severe reduction in bacterial diversity. Additionally, enriched media conditions presented an increase in biofilm volumetric changes (upon hydration) as well as a reduction in elastic modulus upon indentation. With hydration time considered a major factor contributing to changes in biofilm mechanical properties, we have shown that it is less associated than media richness. Future investigations can now use this time-lapse approach, with a clearer focus on the extracellular matrix of oral biofilms dictating their morpho-mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pattem
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK. .,National Centre for Molecular Hydrodynamics, and Soft Matter Biomaterials and Bio-Interfaces, University of Nottingham, The Limes Building, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - M Davrandi
- Division of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - S Aguayo
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - B Slak
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada
| | - R Maev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada
| | - E Allan
- Division of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - D Spratt
- Division of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - L Bozec
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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5
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Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography for Otology Applications: From Phantom Simulation to In Vivo Experiment. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11125711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In otology, visualization and vibratory analysis have been crucial to enhance the success of diagnosis and surgical operation. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been employed in otology to obtain morphological structure of tissues non-invasively, owing to the ability of measuring the entire region of tympanic membrane, which compensates the limitations of conventional methods. As a functional extension of OCT, Doppler OCT, which enables the measurement of the motion information with structural data of tissue, has been applied in otology. Over the years, Doppler OCT systems have been evolved in various forms to enhance the measuring sensitivity of phase difference. In this review, we provide representative algorithms of Doppler OCT and various applications in otology from preclinical analysis to clinical experiments and discuss future developments.
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Rodrigues RV, Sampaio CS, Girotto AC, Pinhatti CP, Iwamoto AS, de Freitas AZ, Ambrosano GMB, Puppin-Rontani RM, Pascon FM. Analysis of enamel/restoration interface submitted cariogenic challenge and fluoride release. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2857-2866. [PMID: 34048111 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of high-risk patients still is a challenge. The understanding and development non-invasive, non-destructive, and non-ionizing techniques, can help to guide the treatment and the diagnosis of primary and recurrent caries. The present study evaluated the behavior of enamel/restoration interface after a cariogenic challenge by Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination, and the fluoride release of the different restorative materials. Cavities (1.5 × 0.5 mm) were performed in enamel surface and divided into groups (n = 8): glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), and resin composite (RC). The samples were submitted to pH-cycling, and the solutions analyzed for cumulative fluoride by ion-analyzer. The morphology was analyzed by SEM through replicas. The optical attenuation coefficient (OAC) was calculated through exponential decay from the images generated by FD-OCT. Data were analyzed considering α = 0.05. OAC values increased for all groups after pH-cycling indicating demineralization (p < .05). Considering the remineralizing solution, RMGIC presented higher fluoride release rate, followed by GIC, while RC did not release any fluoride. Yet for the demineralizing solution, RMGIC and GIC released similar fluoride rates, overcoming RC (p < .05). Micrographs revealed no changes on the restorations margins, although enamel detachment was observed for RC and GIC after pH-cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Viana Rodrigues
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil.,Department of Oral Health Sciences, UBC Faculty of Dentistry, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Camila Sobral Sampaio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil.,Department of Biomaterials, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aline Carvalho Girotto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Caroline Paiuta Pinhatti
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra Shizue Iwamoto
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Miori Pascon
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Guzmán-Soto I, McTiernan C, Gonzalez-Gomez M, Ross A, Gupta K, Suuronen EJ, Mah TF, Griffith M, Alarcon EI. Mimicking biofilm formation and development: Recent progress in in vitro and in vivo biofilm models. iScience 2021; 24:102443. [PMID: 34013169 PMCID: PMC8113887 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation in living organisms is associated to tissue and implant infections, and it has also been linked to the contribution of antibiotic resistance. Thus, understanding biofilm development and being able to mimic such processes is vital for the successful development of antibiofilm treatments and therapies. Several decades of research have contributed to building the foundation for developing in vitro and in vivo biofilm models. However, no such thing as an "all fit" in vitro or in vivo biofilm models is currently available. In this review, in addition to presenting an updated overview of biofilm formation, we critically revise recent approaches for the improvement of in vitro and in vivo biofilm models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Guzmán-Soto
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Christopher McTiernan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Mayte Gonzalez-Gomez
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Alex Ross
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y4W7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Keshav Gupta
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Erik J. Suuronen
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Thien-Fah Mah
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - May Griffith
- Centre de Recherche Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- Département d'ophtalmologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T1J4, Canada
| | - Emilio I. Alarcon
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y4W7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H8M5, Canada
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Zhou Y, Matin K, Shimada Y, Sadr A, Wang G, Tagami J, Feng X. Characteristics of biofilm-induced degradation at resin-dentin interfaces using multiple combinations of adhesives and resins. Dent Mater 2021; 37:1260-1272. [PMID: 33965251 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate morphological, mechanical and chemical characteristics at resin-dentin interfaces using multiple combinations of adhesives and resins after a short-term biofilm-induced degradation. METHODS Cervical cavities were prepared in bovine incisors, treated by Clearfil SE Bond 2 (SE) or FL-Bond II (FL), restored by Clearfil Majesty ES Flow (ES) or Beautifil Flow Plus (BFP) and grouped into SE-ES, SE-BFP, FL-ES and FL-BFP. After biofilm challenge, interfacial gaps and dentin wall lesions were examined by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Gap depth (GD), gap pattern scale (GPS) and dentin wall lesion depth (WLD) were evaluated from confocal laser scanning microscope. Microhardness of dentin lesions was measured with a Vickers microhardness tester. Chemical elements in resins and dentin wall lesions were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDS). Morphological structures of interfacial gaps were observed by SEM. RESULTS OCT could detect adhesive-dentin-bonded and adhesive-dentin-debonded gaps. SE-containing groups showed significantly lower GPS than FL-containing groups. FL-BFP showed significantly lower WLD than FL-ES. Microhardness of dentin wall lesions was higher than that of outer lesions and they showed significant differences in FL-BFP. SE-BFP showed a lower GPS curve and higher intensities of Ca and P in the upper half of dentin wall lesions than other groups. From SEM, microgaps between filler and matrix, break and loss of matrix, separation of adhesive matrix with hybrid layer occurred at interfacial gaps. SIGNIFICANCE The morphological, mechanical and chemical characteristics of resin-dentin interfacial degradation depend on the component and chemistry of restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Preventive Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Khairul Matin
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Endowed Department of International Oral Health Science (affiliated with Department of Translational Research), School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 230-0063, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Department of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8525, Japan.
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-7456, USA.
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Ave, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Xiping Feng
- Laboratory of Molecular and Preventive Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200011, China.
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9
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Xing H, Eckert GJ, Ando M. Detection and analyzing plane of non-cavitated approximal caries by cross-polarized optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT). J Dent 2021; 110:103679. [PMID: 33895241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the detection ability and the effect of analyzing plane of CP-OCT for non-cavitated approximal caries. METHODS Thirty human extracted premolars were selected based on micro-computed tomography [μ-CT: μ- CT = 0: sound (n = 12), μ-CT = 1/2: caries into outer-/inner-half of enamel (n = 6 each), μ-CT = 3: caries into outer one-third of dentine (n = 6)]. Teeth were mounted in a custommade device to simulate approximal contact, and scanned from the marginal ridge above the contact area. CP-OCT images were analyzed by deepest caries extension from horizontal and coronal planes, and repeated 48-hrs later. Sensitivity, specificity,percent correct, area under the ROC curve (Az), intra-examiner repeatability and correlation with μ-CT were determined. RESULTS Sensitivity/specificity/Az for Horizontalplane, Coronal-plane, and Deepest from both planes were 94percent/58percent/0.76,81percent/100percent/0.90, and 94 %/58 %/0.82. Coronal-plane had significantly higher specificity than Horizontal-plane and Deepest (p = 0.004) but Horizontal-plane and Deepest were not different (p = 1.00). Horizontal-plane had significantly lower Az than Deepest (p = 0.048), but Coronal-plane was not different than Horizontal-plane (p = 0.07) or Deepest (p = 0.20). Correlation coefficients were Horizontal-plane (0.53, p < 0.001), Coronal-plane (0.84, p < 0.001), and Deepest (0.66, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, CP-OCT could be used to detect non-cavitated approximal caries. Analysis using the Coronal-plane is superior to the Horizontal-plane. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE It is challenging to detect non-cavitated approximal caries clinically due to the adjacent tooth. CP-OCT is a nondestructive, no ionized-radiation caries detection technique. CP-OCT seems suitable to detect non-cavitated approximal caries and observing the Coronal-plane appears better than Horizontal-plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Xing
- Department of General Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - George J Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Masatoshi Ando
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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10
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Locke A, Fitzgerald S, Mahadevan-Jansen A. Advances in Optical Detection of Human-Associated Pathogenic Bacteria. Molecules 2020; 25:E5256. [PMID: 33187331 PMCID: PMC7696695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection is a global burden that results in numerous hospital visits and deaths annually. The rise of multi-drug resistant bacteria has dramatically increased this burden. Therefore, there is a clinical need to detect and identify bacteria rapidly and accurately in their native state or a culture-free environment. Current diagnostic techniques lack speed and effectiveness in detecting bacteria that are culture-negative, as well as options for in vivo detection. The optical detection of bacteria offers the potential to overcome these obstacles by providing various platforms that can detect bacteria rapidly, with minimum sample preparation, and, in some cases, culture-free directly from patient fluids or even in vivo. These modalities include infrared, Raman, and fluorescence spectroscopy, along with optical coherence tomography, interference, polarization, and laser speckle. However, these techniques are not without their own set of limitations. This review summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of utilizing each of these optical tools for rapid bacteria detection and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Locke
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (A.L.); (S.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sean Fitzgerald
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (A.L.); (S.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Anita Mahadevan-Jansen
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (A.L.); (S.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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11
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Li K, Yang Z, Liang W, Shang J, Liang Y, Wan S. Low-cost, ultracompact handheld optical coherence tomography probe for in vivo oral maxillofacial tissue imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-13. [PMID: 32314560 PMCID: PMC7167599 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.4.046003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has proven useful for detecting various oral maxillofacial abnormalities. To apply it to clinical applications including biopsy guidance and routine screening, a handheld imaging probe is indispensable. OCT probes reported for oral maxillofacial imaging were either based on a bulky galvanometric mirror pair (not compact or long enough) or a distal-end microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanner (raised safety concerns), or adapted from fiber-optic catheters (ill-suited for oral cavity geometry). AIM To develop a handheld probe featuring great compactness and excellent maneuverability for oral maxillofacial tissue imaging. APPROACH A dual-axis MEMS scanner was deployed at the proximal end of the probe and the scanned beam was relayed to the distal end through a 4f configuration. Such design provides both a perfect dual-axis telecentric scan and excellent compactness. RESULTS A handheld probe with a rigid part 70 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter and weighing 25 g in total was demonstrated through both ex vivo and in vivo experiments, including structural visualization of various oral maxillofacial tissues and monitoring the recovery process of an oral mucosa canker sore. CONCLUSIONS The proposed probe exhibits excellent maneuverability and imaging performance showing great potential in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyan Li
- Southeast University, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihan Yang
- Nankai University, Institute of Modern Optics, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenxuan Liang
- Columbia University, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, United States
| | - Jianwei Shang
- Nankai University, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Oral Pathology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanmei Liang
- Nankai University, Institute of Modern Optics, Tianjin, China
- Address all correspondence to Yanmei Liang, E-mail: ; Suiren Wan, E-mail:
| | - Suiren Wan
- Southeast University, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Address all correspondence to Yanmei Liang, E-mail: ; Suiren Wan, E-mail:
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12
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Şen S, Erber R, Deurer N, Orhan G, Lux CJ, Zingler S. Demineralization detection in orthodontics using an ophthalmic optical coherence tomography device equipped with a multicolor fluorescence module. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2579-2590. [PMID: 31848715 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Demineralizations such as white spot lesions are among the most prevalent side effects during orthodontic treatment. Fluorescence devices, including quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF), exploiting the intrinsic fluorescence of enamel and teeth and most recently optical coherence tomography (OCT) were introduced for early demineralization detection. In addition to near-infrared OCT scanning, multicolor modules allow for imaging with different laser wavelengths and the detection of reflective- and fluorescent light. The aim of this study was to evaluate a modified multicolor ophthalmic OCT device for the detection of early carious lesions in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-seven extracted lesion free human teeth were randomly assigned to three different demineralization protocols. Carious lesion detection was performed using macrophotography, OCT, and reflectance/fluorescence imaging using green laser and blue laser light. In addition, teeth of 5 orthodontic patients were OCT scanned, and fluorescence imaging using blue laser light was performed to assess demineralization after orthodontic therapy. RESULTS Both in vitro and in vivo, OCT allowed for precise determination of lesion depth and enamel loss. Fluorescence imaging using blue laser light was most sensitive for the detection of early demineralization in vitro and in vivo. However, established and severe demineralizations were also reliably detected by macrophotography in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Demineralization can be detected with high sensitivity using blue fluorescence imaging with multicolor OCT devices. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In the future, OCT fluorescence imaging might be considered for longitudinal monitoring of dental hard tissue during orthodontic treatment in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Şen
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ralf Erber
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Deurer
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gül Orhan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher J Lux
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zingler
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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A Comparison Study of Marginal and Internal Fit Assessment Methods for Fixed Dental Prostheses. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060785. [PMID: 31159460 PMCID: PMC6617221 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have previously evaluated the marginal and internal fit of fixed prostheses; however, few reports have performed an objective comparison of the various methods used for their assessment. The purpose of this study was to compare five marginal and internal fit assessment methods for fixed prostheses. A specially designed sample was used to measure the marginal and internal fit of the prosthesis according to the cross-sectional method (CSM), silicone replica technique (SRT), triple scan method (TSM), micro-computed tomography (MCT), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The five methods showed significant differences in the four regions that were assessed (p < 0.001). The marginal, axial, angle, and occlusal regions showed low mean values: CSM (23.2 µm), TSM (56.3 µm), MCT (84.3 µm), and MCT (102.6 µm), respectively. The marginal fit for each method was in the range of 23.2-83.4 µm and internal fit (axial, angle, and occlusal) ranged from 44.8-95.9 µm, 84.3-128.6 µm, and 102.6-140.5 µm, respectively. The marginal and internal fit showed significant differences depending on the method. Even if the assessment values of the marginal and internal fit are found to be in the allowable clinical range, the differences in the values according to the method should be considered.
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14
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Bakhsh TA, Alrabghi KK, Kawther SW, Mirdad FS, Mirdad LY, Jamleh AO. Adaptation Assessment of Three Bonded Resin Restorations at the Cavity Floor Using Cross-Polarization Optical Coherence Tomography. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:318-324. [PMID: 31084557 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the composite adaptation of three systems by using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT). Background data: Most polymer-based restorations suffer from polymerization shrinkage that affects the interfacial seal. This shrinkage cannot be detected by conventional X-ray methods. Optical coherence tomography was proved to be a reliable non-invasive imaging tool to examine biological structures and biomaterials at micron scale. Methods: Twenty-four cylindrical class-V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of the extracted human molars. After cavity preparation, samples were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8) according to the restoration system: one-step self-etch Clearfil Tri-S Bond Plus with Clearfil Majesty ES-2 composite (TS; Kuraray Noritake Dental), Single Bond Universal in self-etch mode with Filtek Z350 XT composite (SB; 3M ESPE), and one-step self-etch Plafique Bond with Plafique LX 5 composite (PB; Tokuyama Dental). The restoration placement was carried out according to the manufacturers' recommendations. Later, the specimens were immersed in a contrasting agent; then, image acquisitions were taken by CP-OCT to calculate the adaptation percentage by using an image analysis software. Results: Mann-Whitney U test showed no statistical significant difference in the adaptation percentage between TS (91.72 ± 11.6) and SB (93.43 ± 6.9) groups (p > 0.05). However, the adaptation percentage in PB (41.83 ± 28.5) was significantly lower than in the other tested groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Within the limitation of the study, TS and SB groups showed better adaptation than PB. Moreover, CP-OCT is a useful imaging tool that can display composite adaptation at micron scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki A Bakhsh
- 1 Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,2 Dental Department, International Medical Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalidah K Alrabghi
- 3 Student Affairs Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Farabi Colleges, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma W Kawther
- 4 Student Affairs Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal S Mirdad
- 4 Student Affairs Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leen Y Mirdad
- 4 Student Affairs Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad O Jamleh
- 5 Student Affairs Unit, College of Dentistry, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences-National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive diagnostic technique providing cross-sectional images of biologic structures based on the differences in tissue optical properties. OCT has been widely used in numerous clinical applications and is becoming popular as a promising technology in dentistry. Today, dental hard (tooth) and soft (hard palate mucosa and gingiva mucosa) tissues are visualized with OCT. With new developments in technology, the applications of OCT are being investigated in various fields in dentistry, such as to detect microleakage around restoration, tooth cracks/fractures, examination of periodontal tissues/pockets, early detection of oral cancerous tissues, and in endodontics for location of pulp canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujuta A Katkar
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, UT Health, School of Dentistry, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | | | - Bennett T Amaechi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science San Antonio, School of Dentistry, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Daniel Fried
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 707 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, USA
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16
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Bakhsh TA, Al-Jeffery B, Zaatari G, Badr H, Ameen S, Gashlan S, Dughmash L, Jamleh A. Evaluation of the adaptation of dental polymers using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aafbad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Sipe A, Jones RS. The effect of base material composition on demineralization assessment in CPOCT dental imaging. Dent Mater J 2018; 37:995-1002. [PMID: 30135336 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2017-270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) is a promising imaging modality to detect demineralization under the margins of composite restorations. The aim of this study was to assess how base materials applied under composite resin may affect CP-OCT image assessment. Base materials are commonly used for managing deep dentinal decay but once applied residual amounts of the base materials can be inadvertently left on the inner enamel walls. This study determined that base materials have significantly different scattering properties. The order grouping in the mean backscattered reflectivity (mR) of the base material was Dycal>caries phantom>Fuji IX, Vitrebond, Fuji II (p<0.05). The calcium hydroxide base (Dycal) had a higher mR than demineralized dentin and Vitrebond before and after the resin restoration was placed (p<0.05). While calcium hydroxide maybe a confounder in CPOCT imaging, several protective base materials are compatible with this type of imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sipe
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota
| | - Robert S Jones
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota
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18
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In vitro and ex vivo systems at the forefront of infection modeling and drug discovery. Biomaterials 2018; 198:228-249. [PMID: 30384974 PMCID: PMC7172914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections and antibiotic resistant bacteria have become a growing problem over the past decade. As a result, the Centers for Disease Control predict more deaths resulting from microorganisms than all cancers combined by 2050. Currently, many traditional models used to study bacterial infections fail to precisely replicate the in vivo bacterial environment. These models often fail to incorporate fluid flow, bio-mechanical cues, intercellular interactions, host-bacteria interactions, and even the simple inclusion of relevant physiological proteins in culture media. As a result of these inadequate models, there is often a poor correlation between in vitro and in vivo assays, limiting therapeutic potential. Thus, the urgency to establish in vitro and ex vivo systems to investigate the mechanisms underlying bacterial infections and to discover new-age therapeutics against bacterial infections is dire. In this review, we present an update of current in vitro and ex vivo models that are comprehensively changing the landscape of traditional microbiology assays. Further, we provide a comparative analysis of previous research on various established organ-disease models. Lastly, we provide insight on future techniques that may more accurately test new formulations to meet the growing demand of antibiotic resistant bacterial infections.
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19
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Magana M, Sereti C, Ioannidis A, Mitchell CA, Ball AR, Magiorkinis E, Chatzipanagiotou S, Hamblin MR, Hadjifrangiskou M, Tegos GP. Options and Limitations in Clinical Investigation of Bacterial Biofilms. Clin Microbiol Rev 2018; 31:e00084-16. [PMID: 29618576 PMCID: PMC6056845 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00084-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can form single- and multispecies biofilms exhibiting diverse features based upon the microbial composition of their community and microenvironment. The study of bacterial biofilm development has received great interest in the past 20 years and is motivated by the elegant complexity characteristic of these multicellular communities and their role in infectious diseases. Biofilms can thrive on virtually any surface and can be beneficial or detrimental based upon the community's interplay and the surface. Advances in the understanding of structural and functional variations and the roles that biofilms play in disease and host-pathogen interactions have been addressed through comprehensive literature searches. In this review article, a synopsis of the methodological landscape of biofilm analysis is provided, including an evaluation of the current trends in methodological research. We deem this worthwhile because a keyword-oriented bibliographical search reveals that less than 5% of the biofilm literature is devoted to methodology. In this report, we (i) summarize current methodologies for biofilm characterization, monitoring, and quantification; (ii) discuss advances in the discovery of effective imaging and sensing tools and modalities; (iii) provide an overview of tailored animal models that assess features of biofilm infections; and (iv) make recommendations defining the most appropriate methodological tools for clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magana
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Athens Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Sereti
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Athens Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Microbiology, Thriassio General Hospital, Attiki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Ioannidis
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Athens Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece
| | - Courtney A Mitchell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anthony R Ball
- Gliese 623b, Mendon, Massachusetts, USA
- GAMA Therapeutics LLC, Pepperell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emmanouil Magiorkinis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens-Goudi, Greece
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Hadjifrangiskou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - George P Tegos
- Gliese 623b, Mendon, Massachusetts, USA
- GAMA Therapeutics LLC, Pepperell, Massachusetts, USA
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20
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Bakhsh TA, Eldesouky M, Almaghamsi S, Althafir N, Aljarullah A, Turkistani A, Shuman M, Natto ZS. Optical Quantification of Microgaps at Dentin-Composite Interface. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aac9f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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21
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Turkistani A, Almutairi M, Banakhar N, Rubehan R, Mugharbil S, Jamleh A, Nasir A, Bakhsh T. Optical Evaluation of Enamel Microleakage with One-Step Self-Etch Adhesives. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:589-594. [PMID: 29813001 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2018.4441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this in vitro study, cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) was used to evaluate microleakage in dental composite restorations bonded to enamel with two types of one-step self-etching (SE) adhesives. BACKGROUND DATA One-step SE adhesives were proposed to simplify bonding of composite restorations. However, bonding of these simplified adhesive to dental enamel is still questionable. OCT is a promising diagnostic tool that allows micron-scale imaging of biological tissues and structures. METHODS Class-V cavities (4-mm diameter × 1-mm depth) were prepared on the labial surfaces of extracted human anterior teeth with margins and floor located in enamel. The cavities were then divided into two groups (n = 5) and restored with either Tetric N-Bond Universal (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) or Palfique Bond (Tokuyama Dental Corporation, Japan), followed by Estelite Flow Quick flowable composite (Tokuyama Dental Corporation). After storage in 100% humidity for 24 h, specimens were immersed in ammoniacal silver nitrate solution for another 24 h. Later, they were rinsed and immersed in photo-developing solution under fluorescent light for 8 h. CP-OCT at 1310 nm center wavelength was used to scan seven two-dimensional cross-sectional images from each specimen. Each cross-sectional image was analyzed using ImageJ software to quantify interfacial microleakage at the cavity floor. RESULTS Student's t-test showed significant difference between the tested adhesives (p < 0.05). Palfique Bond adhesive presented inferior interfacial adaptation as it obtained higher values of floor microleakage compared to Tetric N-Bond Universal adhesive group. CONCLUSIONS CP-OCT enabled nondestructive quantitative assessment of microleakage in enamel dental restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Turkistani
- 1 Operative Dentistry Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Almutairi
- 2 Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Banakhar
- 2 Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Rubehan
- 2 Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulafa Mugharbil
- 2 Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Jamleh
- 3 King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences , Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Nasir
- 2 Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Bakhsh
- 1 Operative Dentistry Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Optical coherence tomography to evaluate variance in the extent of carious lesions in depth. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1573-1579. [PMID: 29725944 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of variance in the extent of carious lesions in depth at smooth surfaces within the same ICDAS code group using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in vitro and in vivo. (1) Verification/validation of OCT to assess non-cavitated caries: 13 human molars with ICDAS code 2 at smooth surfaces were imaged using OCT and light microscopy. Regions of interest (ROI) were categorized according to the depth of carious lesions. Agreement between histology and OCT was determined by unweighted Cohen's Kappa and Wilcoxon test. (2) Assessment of 133 smooth surfaces using ICDAS and OCT in vitro, 49 surfaces in vivo. ROI were categorized according to the caries extent (ICDAS: codes 0-4, OCT: scoring based on lesion depth). A frequency distribution of the OCT scores for each ICDAS code was determined. (1) Histology and OCT agreed moderately (κ = 0.54, p ≤ 0.001) with no significant difference between both methods (p = 0.25). The lesions (76.9% (10 of 13)) _were equally scored. (2) In vitro, OCT revealed caries in 42% of ROI clinically assessed as sound. OCT detected dentin-caries in 40% of ROIs visually assessed as enamel-caries. In vivo, large differences between ICDAS and OCT were observed. Carious lesions of ICDAS codes 1 and 2 vary largely in their extent in depth.
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Matsuura C, Shimada Y, Sadr A, Sumi Y, Tagami J. Three-dimensional diagnosis of dentin caries beneath composite restorations using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Dent Mater J 2018; 37:642-649. [PMID: 29669953 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2017-252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to assess the diagnostic accuracy of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) for detection of caries beneath composite restorations and to compare the results with those obtained by radiography. Flat dentin surfaces with and without natural caries were bonded with 1- or 2-mm thick composite restorations. SS-OCT scanning was performed over the composite restorations to construct three-dimensional (3D) images of the resin-dentin interface. Images were chosen from the 3D constructions to detect caries beneath the restorations. The sensitivity, specificity, false positive and negative predictive values for caries detection, and Az values from receiver-operating characteristic analysis were calculated and compared with those of digital dental radiography at a significance level of α=0.05. Intraexaminer and interexaminer reproducibility was compared between SSOCT and radiography. SS-OCT could detect caries, which appeared as a bright zone beneath composite up to 2-mm thick. SS-OCT provided greater diagnostic accuracy than radiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Matsuura
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Oral Restitution Department, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Oral Restitution Department, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.,Department of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry
| | - Yasunori Sumi
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department for Advanced Dental Research, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases
| | - Junji Tagami
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Oral Restitution Department, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
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Damodaran V, Vasa NJ, Sarathi R. KTN-based high-speed axial and lateral scanning technique for an optical coherence tomography system and application to dental imaging. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:2915-2922. [PMID: 29714295 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.002915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A high-speed 840 nm based polarization-sensitive time domain optical coherence tomography (PSOCT) technique is proposed and demonstrated based on the quadratic electro-optic property of potassium tantalate niobate (KTN) crystals. A longitudinal (axial) scanning depth of ≈10 μm is obtained for an applied AC voltage of 600 V, at 1000 Hz and temperature maintained around 40°C. The OCT system with the KTN-based electro-optic delay line combined with a linear actuation is extended to image an early dental demineralization. For enhanced contrast by the elimination of the strong surface reflection from the sample and high-speed imaging, the quadratic electro-optically tunable PSOCT technique is proposed and demonstrated. Further, a lateral scanning range of 490 μm is also demonstrated by controlling the KTN temperature at 35°C for an applied voltage of 600 V on the tooth sample. This KTN-based quadratic electro-optic delay line combined with lateral scan approach provides an automated high-speed two-dimensional scanning of samples of interest.
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A Multi-scale Biophysical Approach to Develop Structure-Property Relationships in Oral Biofilms. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5691. [PMID: 29632310 PMCID: PMC5890245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23798-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 5–10 years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been individually applied to monitor the morphological and mechanical properties of various single-species biofilms respectively. This investigation looked to combine OCT and AFM as a multi-scale approach to understand the role sucrose concentration and age play in the morphological and mechanical properties of oral, microcosm biofilms, in-vitro. Biofilms with low (0.1% w/v) and high (5% w/v) sucrose concentrations were grown on hydroxyapatite (HAP) discs from pooled human saliva and incubated for 3 and 5 days. Distinct mesoscale features of biofilms such as regions of low and high extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were identified through observations made by OCT. Mechanical analysis revealed increasing sucrose concentration decreased Young’s modulus and increased cantilever adhesion (p < 0.0001), relative to the biofilm. Increasing age was found to decrease adhesion only (p < 0.0001). This was due to mechanical interactions between the indenter and the biofilm increasing as a function of increased EPS content, due to increasing sucrose. An expected decrease in EPS cantilever contact decreased adhesion due to bacteria proliferation with biofilm age. The application OCT and AFM revealed new structure-property relationships in oral biofilms, unattainable if the techniques were used independently.
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Ayse Gozde T, Metin S, Mubin U. Evaluation of adaptation of ceramic inlays using optical coherence tomography and replica technique. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e005. [PMID: 29412222 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has generally been used as a nondestructive technique to evaluate integrities of composite restorations. We investigated marginal and internal adaptations of ceramic inlay restorations with OCT and compared them to results with the silicone replica technique. Round-shaped class I cavities were prepared on 16 human maxillary first premolar teeth. Ceramic inlays were fabricated. Silicone replicas from inlays were obtained and sectioned to measure marginal and internal adaptations with a stereomicroscope (Leica Dfc 295, Bensheim, Germany). Inlays were cemented on respective teeth. Marginal and internal adaptations were then measured with the OCT system (Thorlabs, New Jersey, USA) in 200- μm intervals. Replica and OCT measurements were compared with independent samples t-tests. A paired t-test was used to evaluate the marginal and internal adaptations of each group (p < 0.05). Marginal and internal adaptations were 100.97 ± 31.36 and 113.94 ± 39.75 μm, respectively, using the replica technique and 28.97 ± 17.86 and 97.87 ± 21.83 μm, respectively, using OCT. The differences between the techniques were significant (p = 0.00 and p = 0.01, respectively). On evaluation within the groups, internal adaptation values were found to be significantly higher than the marginal adaptation values for the replica technique (p = 0.00) and OCT (p = 0.00). Therefore, the replica and OCT techniques showed different results, with higher values of marginal and internal adaptation found with the replica technique. Marginal and internal adaptation values of ceramic inlays, whether measured by replica or OCT techniques, were within clinically acceptable limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turk Ayse Gozde
- Ege University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sabuncu Metin
- Dokuz Eylül University, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ulusoy Mubin
- Ege University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Izmir, Turkey
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Liu L, Nonaka K. Beam diameter thresholds as applying light depolarization for effective submicron and micron root mean square roughness evaluation. APPLIED OPTICS 2017; 56:7024-7032. [PMID: 29048000 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.007024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To further study the microscopic mechanism and beam diameter effect during light depolarization (LDP), we developed a compact laser instrument (λ=632.8 nm) with an adjustable beam diameter of ≥18 μm (approximately 28λ). Six nickel plate samples with rms roughness, Rq, of 42 nm to 2.3 μm (i.e., 0.067-3.7λ) fabricated by the fine-honing method are examined. To analyze the beam diameter effect as applying LDP for submicron and micron Rq evaluation, the cross-sectional beam-spot size (BSS) is adjusted from 20 μm to 650 μm during off-specular inspections. The results of BSS ≤40 μm (i.e., 60λ) have a 10-nm-level Rq sensitivity, while those of BSS ≥140 μm (220λ) have about a 100 times weaker sensitivity. It means that BSS of 60λ and 220λ should have instructional significance as applying LDP for precision levels of 10 nm and 1 μm surface roughness analyses, respectively. In addition, since the instrument is simple, portable, stable, and low-cost, it has great potential for both LDP analyses and practical online roughness testing.
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Xiao-Hua D, Hui Y, Xiaoli L, Yanni L, Yingying W, Xiaobin L, Lu X. [Ex vivo assessment of the potency of optical coherence tomography for the detection of early occlusal caries]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2016; 34:564-569. [PMID: 28318154 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the potency of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect early occlusal caries compared with clinical visual examination. METHODS Approximately 97 sites of occlusal fissures on 77 extracted accessional human teeth were scored by three examiners using conventional visual examination and OCT. Results of histological examination on these sites obtained by polarimicroscope served as a gold standard to analyze the sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results of the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) by visual examination and OCT were also analyzed. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient with histology and the inter-examiner reliability were compared. RESULTS For sites of enamel demineralization limited to the outer 1/2 of the enamel layer, the detection rate of OCT (14/25) was obviously higher than that of the clinical and visual examination (3/25). SE, SP, PPV and NPV of OCT during diagnosis of the early occlusal caries (0.83, 0.64, 0.87 and 0.57) were higher than that of the visual examination (0.79, 0.60, 0.85 and 0.50). AUC (95%CI) of OCT and the visual examination were 0.737 (0.569-0.822) and 0.696 (0.614-0.859), respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between the results. Results of OCT correlated well with histology (r=0.559, P<0.05). The inter-examiner reliability of OCT was medium. CONCLUSIONS OCT can accurately detect early occlusal lesions atraumatically with high sensitivity and effectiveness. OCT exhibits the potential of auxiliary clinical diagnosis enhancing detection rate and finally implementing early diagnosis and early intervention of early occlusal lesions in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Xiao-Hua
- Experimental Research Center, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Yao Hui
- Experimental Research Center, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Lian Xiaoli
- Experimental Research Center, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Li Yanni
- Experimental Research Center, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Wang Yingying
- Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Liu Xiaobin
- Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Xing Lu
- Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
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Sugiura M, Kitasako Y, Sadr A, Shimada Y, Sumi Y, Tagami J. White spot lesion remineralization by sugar-free chewing gum containing bio-available calcium and fluoride: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. J Dent 2016; 54:86-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Türk AG, Sabuncu M, Ünal S, Önal B, Ulusoy M. Comparison of the marginal adaptation of direct and indirect composite inlay restorations with optical coherence tomography. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:383-90. [PMID: 27556210 PMCID: PMC4990368 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720160012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of the study was to use the photonic imaging modality of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to compare the marginal adaptation of composite inlays fabricated by direct and indirect techniques. Material and Methods Class II cavities were prepared on 34 extracted human molar teeth. The cavities were randomly divided into two groups according to the inlay fabrication technique. The first group was directly restored on cavities with a composite (Esthet X HD, Dentsply, Germany) after isolating. The second group was indirectly restored with the same composite material. Marginal adaptations were scanned before cementation with an invisible infrared light beam of OCT (Thorlabs), allowing measurement in 200 µm intervals. Restorations were cemented with a self-adhesive cement resin (SmartCem2, Dentsply), and then marginal adaptations were again measured with OCT. Mean values were statistically compared by using independent-samples t-test and paired samples t-test (p<0.05), before and after cementation. Results Direct inlays presented statistically smaller marginal discrepancy values than indirect inlays, before (p=0.00001442) and after (p=0.00001466) cementation. Marginal discrepancy values were increased for all restorations after cementation (p=0.00008839, p=0.000000952 for direct and indirect inlays, respectively). The mean marginal discrepancy value of the direct group increased from 56.88±20.04 µm to 91.88±31.7 µm, whereas the indirect group increased from 107.54±35.63 µm to 170.29±54.83 µm. Different techniques are available to detect marginal adaptation of restorations, but the OCT system can give quantitative information about resin cement thickness and its interaction between tooth and restoration in a nondestructive manner. Conclusions Direct inlays presented smaller marginal discrepancy than indirect inlays. The marginal discrepancy values were increased for all restorations that refer to cement thickness after cementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Gözde Türk
- - Ege University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Metin Sabuncu
- - Dokuz Eylül University, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sena Ünal
- - Ege University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Banu Önal
- - Ege University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mübin Ulusoy
- - Ege University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Izmir, Turkey
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Horie K, Shimada Y, Matin K, Ikeda M, Sadr A, Sumi Y, Tagami J. Monitoring of cariogenic demineralization at the enamel-composite interface using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1103-12. [PMID: 27427292 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate enamel demineralization at composite restoration margins caused by cariogenic biofilm using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). METHODS Sixty round-shaped cavities were prepared on the mid-buccal enamel surface of extracted human molars. The cavities were restored with Estelite Flow Quick flowable composite using either Clearfil SE Bond or Clearfil Tri-S Bond ND bonding agents. Streptococcus mutans suspension was applied to form a cariogenic biofilm on the surface. After 1, 2, or 3 weeks of incubation (n=10), the biofilm was removed to observe the carious demineralization at the cavosurface margins using SS-OCT. The gap along the enamel-composite interface was recorded on each adhesive system. Confirmatory direct observation was accomplished at the same location using confocal laser scanning microscope. RESULTS The demineralized enamel around the restorations was observed as a zone of intensified brightness in SS-OCT. The demineralized lesion on the cervical enamel was significantly deeper than that on the occlusal enamel (p<0.05). However, the extension of enamel demineralization at the enamel-composite interface was significantly deeper at the occlusal wall than the cervical wall (p<0.05). The extension in Tri-S Bond ND group was significantly deeper than in SE Bond group (p<0.05). A significant increase in gap formation was found after the extension of demineralization compared with the baseline. SIGNIFICANCE The carious demineralization around composite restorations were observed as a bright zone in SS-OCT during the process of bacterial demineralization. SS-OCT appears to be a promising modality for the detection of caries adjacent to an existing restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Horie
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Khairul Matin
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Endowed Department of International Oral Health Science, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ikeda
- Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 357456, Seattle, WA 98195-7456, USA
| | - Yasunori Sumi
- Department of Advanced Dental Research, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Wijesinghe RE, Park K, Kim DH, Jeon M, Kim J. In vivo imaging of melanoma-implanted magnetic nanoparticles using contrast-enhanced magneto-motive optical Doppler tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:64001. [PMID: 27334932 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.6.064001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We conducted an initial feasibility study using real-time magneto-motive optical Doppler tomography (MM-ODT) with enhanced contrast to investigate the detection of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) magnetic nanoparticles implanted into in vivo melanoma tissue. The MM-ODT signals were detected owing to the phase shift of the implanted magnetic nanoparticles, which occurred due to the action of an applied magnetic field. An amplifier circuit-based solenoid was utilized for generating high-intensity oscillating magnetic fields. The MM-ODT system was confirmed as an effective in vivo imaging method for detecting melanoma tissue, with the performance comparable to those of conventional optical coherence tomography and optical Doppler tomography methods. Moreover, the optimal values of the SPIO nanoparticles concentration and solenoid voltage for obtaining the uppermost Doppler velocity were derived as well. To improve the signal processing speed for real-time imaging, we adopted multithread programming techniques and optimized the signal path. The results suggest that this imaging modality can be used as a powerful tool to identify the intracellular and extracellular SPIO nanoparticles in melanoma tissues in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchire Eranga Wijesinghe
- Kyungpook National University, School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibeom Park
- Kyungpook National University, School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeon Kim
- 3D Convergence Technology Center, 70 Dongnae-ro, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Mansik Jeon
- Kyungpook National University, School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehyun Kim
- Kyungpook National University, School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Tezuka H, Shimada Y, Matin K, Ikeda M, Sadr A, Sumi Y, Tagami J. Assessment of cervical demineralization induced by Streptococcus mutans using swept-source optical coherence tomography. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2016; 3:014504. [PMID: 27014718 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.3.1.014504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposed root surfaces due to gingival recession are subject to biofilm stagnation that can result in caries formation. Cervical enamel and dentin demineralization induced by a cariogenic biofilm was evaluated using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). The cementoenamel junction (CEJ) sections of extracted human teeth were subjected to demineralization for 1, 2, or 3 weeks. A suspension of Streptococcus mutans was applied to form a cariogenic biofilm using an oral biofilm reactor. After incubation, demineralization was observed by SS-OCT. For the analysis of SS-OCT signal, the value of the area under the curve (AUC) of the signal profile was measured. Statistical analyses were performed with 95% level of confidence. Cervical demineralization was displayed as a bright zone in SS-OCT. The demineralization depth of dentin was significantly deeper than that of enamel ([Formula: see text]). Enamel near the CEJ demonstrated a significant increase of AUC over the other enamel region after the demineralization. The gaps along the dentinoenamel junction were additionally observed in SS-OCT. SS-OCT was capable of monitoring the cervical demineralization induced by a cariogenic biofilm and is considered to be a promising modality for the diagnosis of cervical demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tezuka
- Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Khairul Matin
- Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, Endowed Department of International Oral Health Science, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi 230-8501, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ikeda
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Clinical Oral Science, Department of Oral Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alireza Sadr
- University of Washington School of Dentistry , Department of Restorative Dentistry, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yasunori Sumi
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Department of Advanced Dental Research, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Mansour S, Ajdaharian J, Nabelsi T, Chan G, Wilder-Smith P. Comparison of caries diagnostic modalities: A clinical study in 40 subjects. Lasers Surg Med 2016; 48:924-928. [PMID: 26997616 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Few studies have been published that evaluate the usefulness of different caries- diagnostic modalities in general dental practice. The goal of this study was to compare the results of screening for coronal dental caries in a general dental practice using clinical observations, radiographs, laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent™) (LF), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Diagnostic agreement between OCT and LF versus standard clinical techniques for detecting caries was determined in 40 subjects. STUDY DESIGNS/MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty patients with >1 coronal carious lesion as determined by prescreening using clinical examination and radiographs were enrolled in this study. Subjects with gross caries were excluded. Subsequently each patient underwent a full detailed dental examination by an experienced clinician, using visual examination and radiographs according to standard clinical practice. The coronal surfaces of a total of 932 teeth were examined and charted. Teeth were then photographed, rediagnosed using the LF system, and imaged using OCT. Two blinded pre-standardized examiners reviewed radiographic and OCT images and assigned caries status. RESULTS Based on manufacturer's cutoff values, sensitivity and specificity for coronal caries using LF technique (i) on unaltered tooth surfaces were 73.7% and 94.1%, respectively and (ii) in previously restored or sealed teeth, they were 19.2% and 95.8%, respectively. LF technique was unable to assess tissue health underneath sealants and restorations. Clinician agreement (kappa [k]) regarding caries diagnosis using OCT imaging was overall 0.834 (SE = 0.034). Sensitivity and specificity for caries using OCT technique (i) on unaltered tooth surfaces approximated 74.1% and 95.7%, respectively and, (ii) in previously restored or sealed teeth, they approximated 76.0% and 95.6%, respectively. Although OCT was able to detect lesions beneath many resin restorations and sealants, results varied considerably between materials. OCT imaging was unable to detect caries when caries was >2 mm below the tooth surface. CONCLUSION These findings support the usefulness of LF for primary caries detection, and the clinical utility of OCT for early caries detection and monitoring under dental resin restorations and sealants. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:924-928, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mansour
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, 92617
| | - Janet Ajdaharian
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, 92617
| | - Tasneem Nabelsi
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, 92617
| | - Gregory Chan
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, 92617
| | - Petra Wilder-Smith
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, 92617
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Simon JC, A Lucas S, Lee RC, Darling CL, Staninec M, Vaderhobli R, Pelzner R, Fried D. Near-infrared imaging of secondary caries lesions around composite restorations at wavelengths from 1300-1700-nm. Dent Mater 2016; 32:587-95. [PMID: 26876234 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Current clinical methods for diagnosing secondary caries are unreliable for identifying the early stages of decay around restorative materials. The objective of this study was to access the integrity of restoration margins in natural teeth using near-infrared (NIR) reflectance and transillumination images at wavelengths between 1300 and 1700-nm and to determine the optimal NIR wavelengths for discriminating composite materials from dental hard tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve composite margins (n=12) consisting of class I, II and V restorations were chosen from ten extracted teeth. The samples were imaged in vitro using NIR transillumination and reflectance, polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) and a high-magnification digital microscope. Samples were serially sectioned into 200-μm slices for histological analysis using polarized light microscopy (PLM) and transverse microradiography (TMR). Two independent examiners evaluated the presence of demineralization at the sample margin using visible detection with 10× magnification and NIR images presented digitally. Composite restorations were placed in sixteen sound teeth (n=16) and imaged at multiple NIR wavelengths ranging from λ=1300 to 1700-nm using NIR transillumination. The image contrast was calculated between the composite and sound tooth structure. RESULTS Intensity changes in NIR images at wavelengths ranging from 1300 to 1700-nm correlate with increased mineral loss measured using TMR. NIR reflectance and transillumination at wavelengths coincident with increased water absorption yielded significantly higher (P<0.001) contrast between sound enamel and adjacent demineralized enamel. In addition, NIR reflectance exhibited significantly higher (P<0.01) contrast between sound enamel and adjacent composite restorations than visible reflectance. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows that NIR imaging is well suited for the rapid screening of secondary caries lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C Simon
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, United States
| | - Seth A Lucas
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, United States
| | - Robert C Lee
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, United States
| | - Cynthia L Darling
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, United States
| | - Michal Staninec
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, United States
| | - Ram Vaderhobli
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, United States
| | - Roger Pelzner
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, United States
| | - Daniel Fried
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, United States.
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Holtzman JS, Kohanchi D, Biren-Fetz J, Fontana M, Ramchandani M, Osann K, Hallajian L, Mansour S, Nabelsi T, Chung NE, Wilder-Smith P. Detection and proportion of very early dental caries in independent living older adults. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 47:683-8. [PMID: 26414887 PMCID: PMC4699682 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Dental caries is an important healthcare challenge in adults over 65 years of age. Integration of oral health screening into non-dental primary care practice may improve access to preventive dental care for vulnerable populations such as the elderly. Such integration would require easy, fast, and accurate early caries detection tools. Primary goal of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for detecting very early caries in the elderly living in community-based settings. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) served as gold standard. Secondary goal of this study was to provide baseline prevalence data of very early caries lesions in independent living adults aged 65+ years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-two subjects were recruited from three sites in Southern California: a retirement community, a senior health fair, and a convalescent hospital. Clinical examination was performed using the ICDAS visual criteria and this was followed by OCT imaging. The two-dimensional OCT images (B-scan) were analyzed with simple software. Locations with a log of back-scattered light intensity (BSLI) below 2.9 were scored as sound, and areas equaling or exceeding 2.9 BSLI were considered carious. Diagnostic performance of OCT imaging was compared with ICDAS score. RESULTS OCT-based diagnosis demonstrated very good sensitivity (95.1%) and good specificity (85.8%). 54.7% of dentate subjects had at least one tooth with very early coronal caries. CONCLUSIONS Early coronal decay is prevalent in the unrestored pits and fissures of coronal surfaces of teeth in independent living adults aged 65+ years. Though OCT imaging coupled with a simple diagnostic algorithm can accurately detect areas of very early caries in community-based settings, existing devices are expensive and not well-suited for use by non-dental health care providers. Simple, inexpensive, fast, and accurate tools for early caries detection by field health care providers working in non-traditional settings are urgently needed to support inter-professional dental health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S. Holtzman
- School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 90095, California
| | - Daniel Kohanchi
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92617, California
| | - John Biren-Fetz
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92617, California
| | | | - Manisha Ramchandani
- School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 90095, California
| | - Kathryn Osann
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92617, California
| | - Lucy Hallajian
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92617, California
| | - Stephanie Mansour
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92617, California
| | - Tasneem Nabelsi
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92617, California
| | - Na Eun Chung
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92617, California
| | - Petra Wilder-Smith
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92617, California
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Rasmussen K, Reilly C, Li Y, Jones RS. Real-time imaging of anti-biofilm effects using CP-OCT. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:198-205. [PMID: 26156808 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop a method to reliably and reproducibly assess the physical properties of in vitro multi-species plaque derived biofilms. A custom flow cell (FC) was designed to model oral cavity shear stresses on biofilms grown on hydroxyapatite (HA) discs. A finite-element program (ANSYS 13) modeled flow velocities and wall shear stresses on the interior 3D dimensions. For the experiment, 1% chlorhexidine (CHX), 5 M urea, and a 1× phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were flown through the FC simulating oral rinsing. Near infrared cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) non-destructively imaged the fluid immersed biofilms in real time (20 frames/s). During low flow, the swell of the biofilm caused from 5 M urea was quite pronounced increase in vertical dimension. Biofilms exposed to 1% CHX showed a slight collapse in the vertical dimension of the biofilm during low flow. During high flow/high sheer stress, the 5 M urea solution effectively removed the biofilm, while both 1% CHX and 1× PBS did not remove biofilms even under high velocity/shear stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rasmussen
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 6-150C Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota
| | - Cavan Reilly
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Yuping Li
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Robert S Jones
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 6-150C Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota.
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Mota CC, Fernandes LO, Cimões R, Gomes AS. Non-Invasive Periodontal Probing Through Fourier-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography. J Periodontol 2015; 86:1087-94. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Tucker-Schwartz JM, Lapierre-Landry M, Patil CA, Skala MC. Photothermal optical lock-in optical coherence tomography for in vivo imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:2268-82. [PMID: 26114045 PMCID: PMC4473760 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.002268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal OCT (PTOCT) provides high sensitivity to molecular targets in tissue, and occupies a spatial imaging regime that is attractive for small animal imaging. However, current implementations of PTOCT require extensive temporal sampling, resulting in slow frame rates and a large data burden that limit its in vivo utility. To address these limitations, we have implemented optical lock-in techniques for photothermal optical lock-in OCT (poli-OCT), and demonstrated the in vivo imaging capabilities of this approach. The poli-OCT signal was assessed in tissue-mimicking phantoms containing indocyanine green (ICG), an FDA approved small molecule that has not been previously imaged in vivo with PTOCT. Then, the effects of in vivo blood flow and motion artifact were assessed and attenuated, and in vivo poli-OCT was demonstrated with both ICG and gold nanorods as contrast agents. Experiments revealed that poli-OCT signals agreed with optical lock-in theory and the bio-heat equation, and the system exhibited shot noise limited performance. In phantoms containing biologically relevant concentrations of ICG (1 µg/ml), the poli-OCT signal was significantly greater than control phantoms (p<0.05), demonstrating sensitivity to small molecules. Finally, in vivo poli-OCT of ICG identified the lymphatic vessels in a mouse ear, and also identified low concentrations (200 pM) of gold nanorods in subcutaneous injections at frame rates ten times faster than previously reported. This work illustrates that future in vivo molecular imaging studies could benefit from the improved acquisition and analysis times enabled by poli-OCT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chetan A. Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Current address: Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Melissa C. Skala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Shimada Y, Sadr A, Sumi Y, Tagami J. Application of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) for Diagnosis of Caries, Cracks, and Defects of Restorations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 2:73-80. [PMID: 26317064 PMCID: PMC4544493 DOI: 10.1007/s40496-015-0045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive technique providing cross-sectional images of a tooth structure. This review describes the use of OCT for detecting dental caries, tooth fractures, and interfacial gaps in intraoral restorations. OCT can be a reliable and an accurate method and a safer alternative to X-ray radiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alireza Sadr
- International Exchange Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sumi
- Division of Oral and Dental Surgery, Department of Advanced Medicine, National Hospital for Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Yanni L, Hui Y, Xiaoli L, Guanhua W, Xiaohua D, Linpu Z. [Imaging and quantitative analysis of early caries using optical coherence tomography]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2015; 33:121-124. [PMID: 26189225 PMCID: PMC7041001 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in imaging and quantitatively evaluating early enamel caries and provide experimental evidence for the clinical diagnosis of early caries. METHODS The smooth surface of bovine teeth showing early artificial caries and demineralization changes was scanned by an all fiber-based OCT for images and optical profiles, which were compared with images from a polarized light microscope (PLM) and mineral loss from an atomic absorption spectrometer. Data were analyzed by paired-sample t-test and Pearson correlation analysis using SPSS software. RESULTS The images of enamel with early caries and demineralization from OCT coincided with those from PLM. The integrated reflectivity loss in the early caries group was significantly lower than that in the demineralized group (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference in demineralized depth was found between the two groups (P > 0.05). A linear correlation was observed between integrated reflectivity loss and mineral loss (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION OCT can be used to nondestructively and accurately image early caries and quantify lesion extent and degree, suggesting the extensive use of this approach in the clinical diagnosis of early caries.
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Simon JC, Lucas S, Lee R, Darling CL, Staninec M, Vanderhobli R, Pelzner R, Fried D. In vitro near-infrared imaging of natural secondary caries. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2015; 9306. [PMID: 25914495 DOI: 10.1117/12.2083649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Secondary caries stands as the leading reason for the failure of composite restorations and dentists spend more time replacing existing restorations than placing new ones. Current clinical strategies, and even modern visible light methods designed to detect decay, lack the sensitivity to distinguish incipient lesions, are confounded by staining on the surface and within the tooth, or are limited to detecting decay on the tooth surface. Near-IR (NIR) imaging methods, such as NIR reflectance and transillumination imaging, and optical coherence tomography are promising strategies for imaging secondary caries. Wavelengths longer than 1300-nm avoid interference from stain and exploit the greater transparency of sound enamel and dental composites, to provide increased contrast with demineralized tissues and improved imaging depth. The purpose of this study was to determine whether NIR transillumination (λ=1300-nm) and NIR cross-polarized reflectance (λ=1500-1700-nm) images can serve as reliable indicators of demineralization surrounding composite restorations. Twelve composite margins (n=12) consisting of class I, II & V restorations were chosen from ten extracted teeth. The samples were imaged in vitro using NIR transillumination and reflectance, polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) and a high-magnification digital visible light microscope. Samples were serially sectioned into 200-μm slices for histological analysis using polarized light microscopy (PLM) and transverse microradiography (TMR). The results presented demonstrate the utility of NIR light for detecting recurrent decay and suggest that NIR images could be a reliable screening tool used in conjunction with PS-OCT for the detection and diagnosis of secondary caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C Simon
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758
| | - Seth Lucas
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758
| | - Robert Lee
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758
| | - Cynthia L Darling
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758
| | - Michal Staninec
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758
| | - Ram Vanderhobli
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758
| | - Roger Pelzner
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758
| | - Daniel Fried
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758
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Liu L, Li X, Nonaka K. Light depolarization in off-specular reflection on submicro rough metal surfaces with imperfectly random roughness. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:023107. [PMID: 25725823 DOI: 10.1063/1.4908172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Depolarization at a rough surface relates to its roughness and irregularity (e.g., sags and crests) besides the material property. However, there is still lack of general theory to clearly describe the relationship between depolarization ratios and surface conditions, and one important reason is that the mechanism of depolarization relates to geometric parameters such as microcosmic height/particle distributions of sub-micro to nm levels. To study the mechanism in more detail, a compact laser instrument is developed, and depolarization information of a linearly polarized incident light is used for analyzing the roughness, during which a He-Ne laser source (λ = 632.8 nm) is used. Three nickel specimens with RMS roughness (Rq) less than λ/4 are fabricated and tested. Six different areas in each specimen are characterized in detail using an AFM. Rq are in the range of 34.1-155.0 nm, and the heights are non-Gaussian distribution in the first specimen and near-Gaussian distribution in the others. Off-specular inspection is carried out exactly on these 18 characterized areas, and results show that the cross-polarization ratios match quite well with Rq values of the first sample that has Rq ≤ λ/10 (or Rt ≤ λ), while they match well with maximum height, Rt, values of the other two that have Rt > λ (the maximum derivation is 11%). In addition, since this instrument is simple, portable, stable, and low-cost, it has great potential for practical online roughness testing after a linear calibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsheng Liu
- Optical Measurement Solution Team, Measurement Solution Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Shuku-machi 807-1, Tosu 841-0052, Japan
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Optical Measurement Solution Team, Measurement Solution Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Shuku-machi 807-1, Tosu 841-0052, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nonaka
- Optical Measurement Solution Team, Measurement Solution Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Shuku-machi 807-1, Tosu 841-0052, Japan
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ALSAYED EZ, HARIRI I, SADR A, NAKASHIMA S, BAKHSH TA, SHIMADA Y, SUMI Y, TAGAMI J. Optical coherence tomography for evaluation of enamel and protective coatings. Dent Mater J 2015; 34:98-107. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2014-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Z. ALSAYED
- Yanbu Dental Center, Saudi Ministry of Health, Al-Madina Health Region
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department and Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program
| | - Ilnaz HARIRI
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department
| | - Alireza SADR
- University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, International Exchange Center and Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department
| | - Syozi NAKASHIMA
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department
| | | | - Yasushi SHIMADA
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department
| | - Yasunori SUMI
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department for Advanced Dental Research, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases
| | - Junji TAGAMI
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department
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Ajdaharian J, Dadkhah M, Sabokpey S, Biren-Fetz J, Chung NE, Wink C, Wilder-Smith P. Multimodality imaging of the effects of a novel dentifrice on oral biofilm. Lasers Surg Med 2014; 46:546-52. [PMID: 24916419 PMCID: PMC4140948 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral biofilm formation and progression on the surface of the tooth can lead to advanced oral disease such as gingivitis. The purpose of this randomized, controlled, double-blinded study was to evaluate the effects of a novel dental gel on oral plaque biofilm using multimodal imaging techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five subjects with moderate gingival inflammation (Löe and Silness Gingival Index ≥2) and pocket depths <4 were randomly assigned to brush twice daily for 21 days with the test or the control dental gel. In vivo multimodality in situ imaging was performed over a 3-week period using in vivo Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Non-Linear Optical microscopy (NLOM). Plaque levels, gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding were also charted on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 using standard clinical indices. RESULTS After 3 weeks, OCT and NLOM images showed a macroscopic break-up of the plaque layer and smaller, fragmented residual deposits in the test group with no apparent changes in the pellicle. Biofilm was also reduced in the control group, but to a lesser degree with regard to thickness, continuity and surface area. Paralleling these imaging results, clinical indices were significantly improved in both groups (P < 0.05) and significantly lower in the test group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Both dental gels reduced oral biofilm with the test gel showing greater efficacy (P < 0.05) as determined by clinical and imaging parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Ajdaharian
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92612
| | - Mohammad Dadkhah
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92612
| | - Sara Sabokpey
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92612
| | - John Biren-Fetz
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92612
| | - Na Eun Chung
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92612
| | - Cherie Wink
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92612
- School of Dental Hygiene, Concorde Career College, Garden Grove, California 92840
| | - Petra Wilder-Smith
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92612
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Keiser G, Xiong F, Cui Y, Shum PP. Review of diverse optical fibers used in biomedical research and clinical practice. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:080902. [PMID: 25166470 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.8.080902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Optical fiber technology has significantly bolstered the growth of photonics applications in basic life sciences research and in biomedical diagnosis, therapy, monitoring, and surgery. The unique operational characteristics of diverse fibers have been exploited to realize advanced biomedical functions in areas such as illumination, imaging, minimally invasive surgery, tissue ablation, biological sensing, and tissue diagnosis. This review paper provides the necessary background to understand how optical fibers function, to describe the various categories of available fibers, and to illustrate how specific fibers are used for selected biomedical photonics applications. Research articles and vendor data sheets were consulted to describe the operational characteristics of conventional and specialty multimode and single-mode solid-core fibers, double-clad fibers, hard-clad silica fibers, conventional hollow-core fibers, photonic crystal fibers, polymer optical fibers, side-emitting and side-firing fibers, middle-infrared fibers, and optical fiber bundles. Representative applications from the recent literature illustrate how various fibers can be utilized in a wide range of biomedical disciplines. In addition to helping researchers refine current experimental setups, the material in this review paper will help conceptualize and develop emerging optical fiber-based diagnostic and analysis tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Keiser
- Boston University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Fei Xiong
- City University London, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0HB, United Kingdom
| | - Ying Cui
- Nanyang Technological University, Photonics Centre of Excellence, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, SingaporedCINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Perry Ping Shum
- Nanyang Technological University, Photonics Centre of Excellence, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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Lenton P, Rudney J, Fok A, Jones RS. Clinical cross-polarization optical coherence tomography assessment of subsurface enamel below dental resin composite restorations. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2014; 1:016001. [PMID: 26158031 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.1.1.016001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A newly designed intraoral swept source cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) imaging system was used to examine the integrity of the subsurface enamel below resin composite restorations placed in primary teeth. CP-OCT analysis was performed using images obtained from resin composite restoration in 62 ([Formula: see text]) pediatric subjects. Clinical examination was performed by a single examiner prior to CP-OCT imaging and analysis. CP-OCT images are presented using a unique combined intensity image, where a false color scale is overlaid on the grayscale intensity image. There was a clear difference in the distribution of the mean-backscattered intensity (mR) between restorations recently placed and those possessing frank cavitation (Student's t-test, [Formula: see text]). For mR above 15.49 dB, the sensitivity was 80% and specificity 86%. The Youden index J was 0.8 above 12.3 dB where sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 80%. CP-OCT imaging may be used to confirm the subsurface marginal integrity below resin composite restorations but with careful consideration of limitations of the imaging modality. CP-OCT imaging may be a useful adjunct to clinical visual investigation to confirm that a composite margin has a sound and well-adapted interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Lenton
- University of Minnesota , School of Dentistry, Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, 7-546 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Joel Rudney
- University of Minnesota , School of Dentistry, Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, 7-546 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Alex Fok
- University of Minnesota , School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, 16-212a Moos Tower, 515 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Robert S Jones
- University of Minnesota , School of Dentistry, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, 6-150C Moos Tower, 515 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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Holtzman JS, Ballantine J, Fontana M, Wang A, Calantog A, Benavides E, Gonzalez-Cabezas C, Chen Z, Wilder-Smith P. Assessment of early occlusal caries pre- and post-sealant application--an imaging approach. Lasers Surg Med 2014; 46:499-507. [PMID: 24729412 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Clinicians have difficulty assessing and monitoring early occlusal caries. Traditional clinical exam and radiographs are unable to detect the subtle alterations in enamel indicative of de- or re-mineralization, particularly under dental sealants. Although clinicians have used laser fluorescence (LF) to address this gap, this modality has demonstrated weak correlation with histology. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II) has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for caries detection, but since it is based on visual assessment, it is of no use in areas beneath the most commonly used dental sealants which are opaque. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emergent assessment tool which has demonstrated great promise in detecting and quantifying caries, including areas beneath commonly used dental sealants and composites. However, OCT has not yet been widely integrated into clinical dental practice, perhaps because OCT imaging does not provide an easily accessible diagnostic outcome for clinicians. The objective of this ex vivo study was to use OCT-images of sound and carious occlusal surfaces in combination with a simple algorithm to compare the caries detection ability of OCT with tools clinicians may be more familiar with (LF and radiography), and with an established valid and reliable clinical assessment tool (ICDAS-II). STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred twenty extracted teeth with sound or naturally carious occlusal surfaces were imaged with OCT, LF, radiography, and examined clinically with the ICDAS-II. Teeth were randomized to one of two dental sealants recommended for use with LF. A novel simple algorithm was used to interpret OCT-based images. The accuracy of caries severity assessments of the OCT-based diagnosis, LF, ICDAS-II, and digital radiography were compared to the 4-point histological analysis gold standard. RESULTS OCT and ICDAS-II caries severity assessments demonstrated high sensitivity (94.0%; 92.3%) and specificity (85.0%; 83.3%), LF demonstrated low sensitivity (65.2%) but high specificity (97.6%), and digital radiography demonstrated low sensitivity (67.1%) with moderate specificity (79.5%) on unsealed occlusal surfaces. OCT-based caries severity assessments of sealed teeth demonstrated high specificity (97.6%), sensitivity (89.9%), excellent positive predictive value (98.6%), and negative predictive value (83.3%). Despite our use of LF recommended dental sealants, in the presence of sealants, LF assessment of caries severity demonstrated high sensitivity (95.1%), but extremely low specificity (10.3%), positive predictive value (68.8%), and negative predictive value (50.0%). CONCLUSION This study found that OCT-based imaging combined with a simple diagnostic algorithm accurately assessed the severity of natural early caries on occlusal surfaces in extracted teeth both in the absence and presence of dental sealant. The findings of this study support the clinical use of OCT imaging for assessment and monitoring progression of early non-cavitated caries lesions on occlusal surfaces including areas under dental sealants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Holtzman
- School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095
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Isfeld DM, Aparicio C, Jones RS. Assessing near infrared optical properties of ceramic orthodontic brackets using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 102:516-23. [PMID: 24106170 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Secondary decay (caries) under ceramic orthodontic brackets remains a significant dental problem and near infrared cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) has the potential to detect underlying demineralization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of crystalline structure and chemical composition of ceramic brackets on CP-OCT imaging. Four ceramic brackets types, which were divided into monocrystalline and polycrystalline, were examined using CP-OCT. The results of this study demonstrated that the crystallinity of the ceramic brackets affected the 1310 nm CP-OCT imaging with the greatest attenuation seen in polycrystalline alumina brackets. The alumina polycrystalline bracket materials had significantly higher attenuation and scattering than alumina monocrystalline brackets (p < 0.05, ANOVA, Bonferroni). Additionally, bracket base morphology and composition affected NIR light attenuation. There was considerable attenuation in bracket bases that contained additive zirconium spheres (∼30 µm) and this alteration was significantly greater than the jagged alumina crystallographic alterations found in the other bracket systems (p < 0.05, ANOVA, Bonferroni). Noninvasive, near infrared (NIR) cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) has potential to effectively image through portions of ceramic brackets; however, further investigation into the optical effects of resin integration in the base portion of the brackets is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren M Isfeld
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Lebeaux D, Chauhan A, Rendueles O, Beloin C. From in vitro to in vivo Models of Bacterial Biofilm-Related Infections. Pathogens 2013; 2:288-356. [PMID: 25437038 PMCID: PMC4235718 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens2020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of microorganisms growing as sessile communities in a large number of human infections has been extensively studied and recognized for 30–40 years, therefore warranting intense scientific and medical research. Nonetheless, mimicking the biofilm-life style of bacteria and biofilm-related infections has been an arduous task. Models used to study biofilms range from simple in vitro to complex in vivo models of tissues or device-related infections. These different models have progressively contributed to the current knowledge of biofilm physiology within the host context. While far from a complete understanding of the multiple elements controlling the dynamic interactions between the host and biofilms, we are nowadays witnessing the emergence of promising preventive or curative strategies to fight biofilm-related infections. This review undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the literature from a historic perspective commenting on the contribution of the different models and discussing future venues and new approaches that can be merged with more traditional techniques in order to model biofilm-infections and efficiently fight them.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lebeaux
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Génétique des Biofilms, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
| | - Ashwini Chauhan
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Génétique des Biofilms, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
| | - Olaya Rendueles
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Génétique des Biofilms, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
| | - Christophe Beloin
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Génétique des Biofilms, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
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