1
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Wang Y, Lv J, Li C, Xu Y, Jin F, Wang F. Walnut protein isolate-epigallocatechin gallate nanoparticles: A functional carrier enhanced stability and antioxidant activity of lycopene. Food Res Int 2024; 189:114536. [PMID: 38876589 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Walnut isolate protein (WPI)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) conjugates can be employed to creat food-grade delivery systems for preserving bioactive compounds. In this study, WPI-EGCG nanoparticles (WENPs) were developed for encapsulating lycopene (LYC) using the ultrasound-assisted method. The results indicated successful loading of LYC into these WENPs, forming the WENPs/LYC (cylinder with 200-300 nm in length and 14.81-30.05 nm in diameter). Encapsulating LYC in WENPs led to a notable decrease in release rate and improved stability in terms of thermal, ultraviolet (UV), and storage conditions compared to free LYC. Simultaneously, WENPs/LYC exhibited a synergistic and significantly higher antioxidant activity with an EC50 value of 23.98 μg/mL in HepG2 cells compared to free LYC's 31.54 μg/mL. Treatment with WENPs/LYC led to a dose-dependent restoration of intracellular antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px) and inhibition of intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis indicated that enrichment in glutathione metabolism and peroxisome processes following WENPs/LYC addition. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) verified the expression levels of related genes involved in the antioxidant resistance pathway of WENPs/LYC on AAPH-induced oxidative stress. This study offers novel perspectives into the antioxidant resistance pathway of WENPs/LYC, holding significant potential in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forestry Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiao Lv
- National Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forestry Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chang Li
- National Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forestry Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yizhuo Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forestry Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Feng Jin
- National Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forestry Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Fengjun Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forestry Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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2
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Jing Q, Zhou C, Zhang J, Zhang P, Wu Y, Zhou J, Tong X, Li Y, Du J, Wang Y. Role of reactive oxygen species in myelodysplastic syndromes. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:53. [PMID: 38616283 PMCID: PMC11017617 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00570-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as typical metabolic byproducts of aerobic life and play a pivotal role in redox reactions and signal transduction pathways. Contingent upon their concentration, ROS production not only initiates or stimulates tumorigenesis but also causes oxidative stress (OS) and triggers cellular apoptosis. Mounting literature supports the view that ROS are closely interwoven with the pathogenesis of a cluster of diseases, particularly those involving cell proliferation and differentiation, such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic/acute myeloid leukemia (CML/AML). OS caused by excessive ROS at physiological levels is likely to affect the functions of hematopoietic stem cells, such as cell growth and self-renewal, which may contribute to defective hematopoiesis. We review herein the eminent role of ROS in the hematological niche and their profound influence on the progress of MDS. We also highlight that targeting ROS is a practical and reliable tactic for MDS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangan Jing
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- HEALTH BioMed Research & Development Center, Health BioMed Co., Ltd, Ningbo, 315803, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoting Zhou
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunyi Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junyu Zhou
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangmin Tong
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jing Du
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Zhang L, Zhai BZ, Wu YJ, Wang Y. Recent progress in the development of nanomaterials targeting multiple cancer metabolic pathways: a review of mechanistic approaches for cancer treatment. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:1-18. [PMID: 36597205 PMCID: PMC9943254 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2144541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a very heterogeneous disease, and uncontrolled cell division is the main characteristic of cancer. Cancerous cells need a high nutrition intake to enable aberrant growth and survival. To do so, cancer cells modify metabolic pathways to produce energy and anabolic precursors and preserve redox balance. Due to the importance of metabolic pathways in tumor growth and malignant transformation, metabolic pathways have also been given promising perspectives for cancer treatment, providing more effective treatment strategies, and target-specific with minimum side effects. Metabolism-based therapeutic nanomaterials for targeted cancer treatment are a promising option. Numerous types of nanoparticles (NPs) are employed in the research and analysis of various cancer therapies. The current review focuses on cutting-edge strategies and current cancer therapy methods based on nanomaterials that target various cancer metabolisms. Additionally, it highlighted the primacy of NPs-based cancer therapies over traditional ones, the challenges, and the future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China,CONTACT Ling Zhang Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing-Zhong Zhai
- Hangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, China
| | - Yue-Jin Wu
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China,; Yin Wang Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, 182 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou310013, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Wu T, Chen Y, Yang C, Lu M, Geng F, Guo J, Pi Y, Ling Y, Xu J, Cai T, Lu L, Zhou Y. Systematical Evaluation of the Structure-Cardiotoxicity Relationship of 7-Azaindazole-based PI3K Inhibitors Designed by Bioisosteric Approach. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2023; 23:364-376. [PMID: 37787964 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
A growing concern of cardiotoxicity induced by PI3K inhibitors has raised the requirements to evaluate the structure-cardiotoxicity relationship (SCR) in the development process of novel inhibitors. Based on three bioisosteric 7-azaindazole-based candidate inhibitors namely FD269, FD268 and FD274 that give same order of inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) magnitude against PI3Ks, in this work, we proposed to systematically evaluate the SCR of 7-azaindazole-based PI3K inhibitors designed by bioisosteric approach. The 24-h lethal concentrations 50% (LC50) of FD269, FD268 and FD274 against zebrafish embryos were 0.35, 4.82 and above 50 μM (not detected), respectively. Determination of the heart rate, pericardial and yolk-sac areas and vascular malformation confirmed the remarkable reduction in the cardiotoxicity of from FD269 to FD268 and to FD274. The IC50s of all three compounds against the hERG channel were tested on the CHO cell line that constitutively expressing hERG channel, which were all higher than 20 μM. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that FD269 and FD268 induced the up-regulation of noxo1b, which encodes a subunit of an NADPH oxidase evoking the oxidative stress. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry tests confirmed the structure-dependent attenuation of the overproduction of ROS and cardiac apoptosis. Our results verified the feasibility of bioisosteric replacement to attenuate the cardiotoxicity of 7-azaindazole-based PI3K inhibitors, suggesting that the screening for PI3K inhibitors with both high potency and low cardiotoxicity from bioisosteres would be a beneficial trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chengbin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mingzhu Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fang Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yan Pi
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jun Xu
- ABA Chemicals Co., Ltd, Taicang, 215400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Cai
- ABA Chemicals Co., Ltd, Taicang, 215400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yaming Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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5
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Siddiqui SA, Erol Z, Rugji J, Taşçı F, Kahraman HA, Toppi V, Musa L, Di Giacinto G, Bahmid NA, Mehdizadeh M, Castro-Muñoz R. An overview of fermentation in the food industry - looking back from a new perspective. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:85. [PMID: 38647968 PMCID: PMC10991178 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermentation is thought to be born in the Fertile Crescent, and since then, almost every culture has integrated fermented foods into their dietary habits. Originally used to preserve foods, fermentation is now applied to improve their physicochemical, sensory, nutritional, and safety attributes. Fermented dairy, alcoholic beverages like wine and beer, fermented vegetables, fruits, and meats are all highly valuable due to their increased storage stability, reduced risk of food poisoning, and enhanced flavor. Over the years, scientific research has associated the consumption of fermented products with improved health status. The fermentation process helps to break down compounds into more easily digestible forms. It also helps to reduce the amount of toxins and pathogens in food. Additionally, fermented foods contain probiotics, which are beneficial bacteria that help the body to digest food and absorb nutrients. In today's world, non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and allergies have increased. In this regard, scientific investigations have demonstrated that shifting to a diet that contains fermented foods can reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases. Moreover, in the last decade, there has been a growing interest in fermentation technology to valorize food waste into valuable by-products. Fermentation of various food wastes has resulted in the successful production of valuable by-products, including enzymes, pigments, and biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Essigberg 3, 94315, Straubing, Germany.
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL E.V.), Prof.-Von-Klitzing Str. 7, 49610, Quakenbrück, Germany.
| | - Zeki Erol
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, İstiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Jerina Rugji
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, İstiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Fulya Taşçı
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, İstiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Hatice Ahu Kahraman
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, İstiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Valeria Toppi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Musa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - Giacomo Di Giacinto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Nur Alim Bahmid
- Research Center for Food Technology and Processing, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gading, Playen, Gunungkidul, 55861, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Mehdizadeh
- Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
- Ilam Science and Technology Park, Ilam, Iran
| | - Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Toluca, Av. Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000, San Antonio Buenavista, 50110, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico.
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland.
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6
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Tambat N, Tambe P, Shaikh A, Shiekh KN, Köhler LHF, Schobert R, Biersack B, Ahmed K. Targeting Colon Cancer Cells with Pyrazino-Imidazolinone Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and in Vitro Evaluation of Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activities. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300149. [PMID: 37306072 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, molecular docking and biological evaluation of nine pyrazino-imidazolinone derivatives. These derivatives were evaluated for their anticancer activity against three cancer cell lines: 518A2 melanoma, HCT-116, and HCT-116 p53 knockout mutant colon carcinoma. The MTT assay was employed to assess their effectiveness. Among the nine compounds tested, four compounds (5 a, 5 d, 5 g, and 5 h) exhibited promising antiproliferative activity specifically against HCT-116 p53-negative cells (IC50 0.23, 0.20, 2.07 and 58.75 μM, respectively). Interestingly, treatment with the 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl derivative 5a resulted in a significant increase (199 %) in caspase activity in HCT-116 p53-negative cells compared to untreated cells while the bromo-pyrazine derivative 5d demonstrated (190 %) increase. These findings suggest that compounds 5a and 5 d induce p53-independent apoptotic cell death. Additionally, in silico molecular docking studies with EGFR and tyrosinase proteins indicated that compounds 5 d and 5 e have the potential to bind to important anticancer drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Tambat
- Advanced Scientific Research Laboratory (ASR-Lab.), Department of Chemistry, MCE Society's, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Azam Campus, Pune, 411001, India
| | - Pranav Tambe
- Advanced Scientific Research Laboratory (ASR-Lab.), Department of Chemistry, MCE Society's, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Azam Campus, Pune, 411001, India
| | - Amin Shaikh
- Advanced Scientific Research Laboratory (ASR-Lab.), Department of Chemistry, MCE Society's, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Azam Campus, Pune, 411001, India
| | - Kounsar N Shiekh
- Advanced Scientific Research Laboratory (ASR-Lab.), Department of Chemistry, MCE Society's, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Azam Campus, Pune, 411001, India
| | - Leonhard H F Köhler
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Khursheed Ahmed
- Advanced Scientific Research Laboratory (ASR-Lab.), Department of Chemistry, MCE Society's, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Azam Campus, Pune, 411001, India
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7
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Trujillo M, Odle AK, Aykin-Burns N, Allen AR. Chemotherapy induced oxidative stress in the ovary: drug-dependent mechanisms and potential interventions†. Biol Reprod 2023; 108:522-537. [PMID: 36539327 PMCID: PMC10106837 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence and relative survival are expected to increase over the next few decades. With the majority of patients receiving combinatorial chemotherapy, an increasing proportion of patients experience long-term side effects from treatment-including reproductive disorders and infertility. A limited number of studies have examined mechanisms of single-agent chemotherapy-induced gonadotoxicity, with chemotherapy-induced oxidative stress being implicated in the loss of reproductive functions. Current methods of female fertility preservation are costly, invasive, only moderately successful, and seldom presented to cancer patients. The potential of antioxidants to alleviate chemotherapy has been overlooked at a time when it is becoming increasingly important to develop strategies to protect reproductive functions during chemotherapy. This review will summarize the importance of reactive oxygen species homeostasis in reproduction, chemotherapy-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in oocytes, chemotherapy-induced oxidative stress, and several promising natural adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Trujillo
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Angela K Odle
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Nukhet Aykin-Burns
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Antiño R Allen
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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8
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Tambe PK, Mathew AJ, Bharati S. Cardioprotective potential of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, mito-TEMPO, in 5-fluorouracil-induced cardiotoxicity. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 91:389-400. [PMID: 36997656 PMCID: PMC10156775 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04529-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MTAs) are known to offer protection against mitochondrial oxidative stress. The recent evidences support their role in mitigating oxidative stress-induced diseases, including cancer. Therefore, this study investigated cardioprotective potential of mito-TEMPO against 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.
Methods
Mito-TEMPO was administered to male BALB/C mice (intraperitoneally, 0.1 mg/kg b.w. for 7 days) followed by intraperitoneal administration of 5- FU (12 mg/kg b.w. for 4 days). During this period, mito-TEMPO treatment was also continued. The cardioprotective potential of mito-TEMPO was assessed by evaluating cardiac injury markers, extent of non-viable myocardium and histopathological alterations. Mitochondrial functional status and mitochondrial oxidative stress were assessed in cardiac tissue. 8-OHdG expression and apoptotic cell death were assessed using immunohistochemical techniques.
Results
The level of cardiac injury markers CK-MB and AST were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased in mito-TEMPO pre-protected group which was further reflected in histopathology as decrease in the percentage of non-viable myocardial tissue, disorganization, and loss of myofibrils. Mito-TEMPO ameliorated mtROS, mtLPO and conserved mitochondrial membrane potential. Further, it had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved the activity of mitochondrial complexes and mitochondrial enzymes. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in the level of mtGSH, activity of mitochondrial glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase was observed. A decreased expression of 8-OHdG and reduced apoptotic cell death were observed in mito-TEMPO pre-protected group.
Conclusion
Mito-TEMPO effectively mitigated 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating mitochondrial oxidative stress, hence may serve as a protective agent/adjuvant in 5-FU-based combinatorial chemotherapy.
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9
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Redox Regulation of Autophagy in Cancer: Mechanism, Prevention and Therapy. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010098. [PMID: 36676047 PMCID: PMC9863886 DOI: 10.3390/life13010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), products of normal cellular metabolism, play an important role in signal transduction. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process in response to various stress conditions, such as nutritional deprivation, organelle damage and accumulation of abnormal proteins. ROS and autophagy both exhibit double-edged sword roles in the occurrence and development of cancer. Studies have shown that oxidative stress, as the converging point of these stimuli, is involved in the mechanical regulation of autophagy process. The regulation of ROS on autophagy can be roughly divided into indirect and direct methods. The indirect regulation of autophagy by ROS includes post-transcriptional and transcriptional modulation. ROS-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of autophagy includes the post-translational modifications and protein interactions of AMPK, Beclin 1, PI3K and other molecules, while transcriptional regulation mainly focuses on p62/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Notably, ROS can directly oxidize key autophagy proteins, such as ATG4 and p62, leading to the inhibition of autophagy pathway. In this review, we will elaborate the molecular mechanisms of redox regulation of autophagy in cancer, and discuss ROS- and autophagy-based therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
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10
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Hafezi H, Vahdati A, Forouzanfar M, Shariatic M. Ameliorate effects of resveratrol and l-carnitine on the testicular tissue and sex hormones level in busulfan induced azoospermia rats. Theriogenology 2022; 191:47-53. [PMID: 35964476 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Busulfan (Bus), is an alkylating agent widely used in chemotherapy which has been proven to possess toxic side effects on testicles. This study was carried out to compare the probable treatment effects of resveratrol (Res) or/and l-carnitine (Lca), as strong antioxidants, on the testicular tissue as well as on the level of sex hormones in busulfan-induced azoospermic rat models. A total of 78 adult male rats, were divided into six different experimental groups including: 1) Control; 2) Lca + Res; 3) BUS; 4) Bus + Lca; 5) BUS + Res and 6) Bus + Lca + Res. Busulfan was intraperitoneally administered in a single dose (10 mg/kg b.w), while resveratrol (20 mg/kg b.w/day) and l-carnitine (200 mg/kg b.w/day) were orally administered by gavage during 48 consecutive days to the rats. At the end of the experiment in all groups the level of LH, FSH, and testosterone were biochemically analyzed by ELISA and the testicular tissue evaluated histologically using stereological technique. Results showed that Lca or/and Res, increased the body and testis weight, the volume of the testis, interstitial tissue, germinal epithelium, and seminiferous tubule, the number of the different cells of germinal epithelium and the level of testosterone. On the other hand, Lca, Res and their combination decreased the concentration of LH and FSH compared to the group treated with Bus. In conclusion, these results suggested that l-carnitine or/and resveratrol treatment significantly attenuated busulfan -induced changes of the rat reproductive system led to the recovery of both testis and sperm parameters. However, co-administration of L-ca and Res was more effective than their individual treatment. This combination may alleviate the side effects of alkylating drugs, such as busulfan and may be beneficial for spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hananeh Hafezi
- Department of Biology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran; Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Vahdati
- Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Forouzanfar
- Department of Biology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Shariatic
- Department of Biology, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
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11
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The Free Radical Scavenging Property of the Leaves, Branches, and Roots of Mansoa hirsuta DC: In Vitro Assessment, 3D Pharmacophore, and Molecular Docking Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186016. [PMID: 36144751 PMCID: PMC9506257 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a metabolic profile of Mansoa hirsuta was investigated, and in vitro assays and theoretical approaches were carried out to evaluate its antioxidant potential. The phytochemical screening detected saponins, organic acids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids in extracts of leaves, branches, and roots. Through LC-MS analysis, the triterpenes oleanolic acid (m/z 455 [M-H]−) and ursolic acid (m/z 455 [M-H]−) were identified as the main bioactive components. The extracts of the leaves, branches, and roots revealed moderate antioxidant potential in the DPPH test and all extracts were more active in the ABTS test. The leaf extracts showed better antioxidant capacity, displaying IC50 values of 43.5 ± 0.14, 63.6 ± 0.54, and 56.1 ± 0.05 µg mL−1 for DPPH, ABTS, and kinetics assays, respectively. The leaf extract showed higher total flavonoid content (TFC) (5.12 ± 1.02 mg QR/g), followed by branches (3.16 ± 0.88 QR/g) and roots (2.04 ± 0.52 QR/g/g). The extract of the branches exhibited higher total phenolic content (TPC) (1.07 ± 0.77 GAE/g), followed by leaves (0.58 ± 0.30 GAE/g) and roots (0.19 ± 0.47 GAE/g). Pharmacophore and molecular docking analysis were performed in order to better understand the potential mechanism of the antioxidant activity of its major metabolites.
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12
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Rehman U, Parveen N, Sheikh A, Abourehab MAS, Sahebkar A, Kesharwani P. Polymeric nanoparticles-siRNA as an emerging nano-polyplexes against ovarian cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 218:112766. [PMID: 35994990 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is considered fifth-deadliest cancer globally responsible for high mortality in women. As the conventional therapeutic and diagnostic approaches are ineffective in increasing the survival rates of advanced staged patients by more than 5 years, OC has resulted in high morbidity and mortality rates over the last two decades. As a result, there is a dire need for innovative treatment approaches to address the issues. RNAi and nanotechnology can be considered the most appropriate strategies that can be used to improve OC therapy and help circumvent the chemo-resistance. siRNA is considered highly successful in facilitating the knockdown of specific genes on entering the cytosol when administered in-vivo via inhibiting the mRNA expression responsible for translation of those specific genes through the mechanism called RNA interference (RNAi). However, the primary barrier of utmost importance in the clinical efficacy of employed siRNA for the treatment of OC is the systemic distribution to the targeted site from the administration site. As a result, nanoparticles are constructed to carry the siRNA molecules inside them to the targeted site by preventing serum degradation and enhancing the serum stability of administered siRNA. The present review assesses the developments made in the polymeric-based nanoparticle siRNA delivery for targeting particular genes involved in the prognosis of ovarian cancers and surpassing the chemo-resistance and thus improving the therapeutic potentials of administered agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urushi Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Neha Parveen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Afsana Sheikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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13
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Reactive Oxygen Species Bridge the Gap between Chronic Inflammation and Tumor Development. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2606928. [PMID: 35799889 PMCID: PMC9256443 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2606928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
According to numerous animal studies, adverse environmental stimuli, including physical, chemical, and biological factors, can cause low-grade chronic inflammation and subsequent tumor development. Human epidemiological evidence has confirmed the close relationship between chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms driving the development of persistent inflammation toward tumorigenesis remain unclear. In this study, we assess the potential role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and associated mechanisms in modulating inflammation-induced tumorigenesis. Recent reports have emphasized the cross-talk between oxidative stress and inflammation in many pathological processes. Exposure to carcinogenic environmental hazards may lead to oxidative damage, which further stimulates the infiltration of various types of inflammatory cells. In turn, increased cytokine and chemokine release from inflammatory cells promotes ROS production in chronic lesions, even in the absence of hazardous stimuli. Moreover, ROS not only cause DNA damage but also participate in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis by modulating several transcription factors and signaling pathways. We summarize how changes in the redox state can trigger the development of chronic inflammatory lesions into tumors. Generally, cancer cells require an appropriate inflammatory microenvironment to support their growth, spread, and metastasis, and ROS may provide the necessary catalyst for inflammation-driven cancer. In conclusion, ROS bridge the gap between chronic inflammation and tumor development; therefore, targeting ROS and inflammation represents a new avenue for the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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14
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Sanati M, Afshari AR, Kesharwani P, Sukhorukov VN, Sahebkar A. Recent trends in the application of nanoparticles in cancer therapy: The involvement of oxidative stress. J Control Release 2022; 348:287-304. [PMID: 35644289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the biomedical area, the interdisciplinary field of nanotechnology has the potential to bring numerous unique applications, including better tactics for cancer detection, diagnosis, and therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been the topic of many research and material applications throughout the last decade. Unlike small-molecule medications, NPs are defined by distinct physicochemical characteristics, such as a large surface-to-volume ratio, which allows them to permeate live cells with relative ease. The versatility of NPs as both therapeutics and diagnostics makes them ideal for a broad spectrum of illnesses, from infectious diseases to cancer. A significant amount of data has been participated in the current scientific publications, emphasizing the concept that NPs often produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to a larger degree than micro-sized particles. It is important to note that oxidative stress governs a wide range of cell signaling cascades, many of which are responsible for cancer cell cytotoxicity. Here, we aimed to provide insight into the signaling pathways triggered by oxidative stress in cancer cells in response to several types of nanomaterials, such as metallic and polymeric NPs and quantum dots. We discuss recent advances in developing integrated anticancer medicines based on NPs targeted to destroy malignant cells by increasing their ROS setpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Experimental and Animal Study Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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15
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Wiggs A, Molina S, Sumner SJ, Rushing BR. A Review of Metabolic Targets of Anticancer Nutrients and Nutraceuticals in Pre-Clinical Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2022; 14:1990. [PMID: 35631131 PMCID: PMC9146055 DOI: 10.3390/nu14101990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that is notoriously aggressive and has poorer outcomes as compared with other breast cancer subtypes. Due to a lack of targeted therapies, TNBC is often treated with chemotherapeutics as opposed to hormone therapy or other targeted therapies available to individuals with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers. Because of the lack of treatment options for TNBC, other therapeutic avenues are being explored. Metabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of cancer, provides potential opportunities to target cancer cells more specifically, increasing efficacy and reducing side effects. Nutrients serve a significant role in metabolic processes involved in DNA transcription, protein folding, and function as co-factors in enzyme activity, and may provide novel strategies to target cancer cell metabolism in TNBC. This article reviews studies that have investigated how nutrients/nutraceuticals target metabolic processes in TNBC cells alone or in combination with existing drugs to exert anticancer effects. These agents have been shown to cause perturbations in many metabolic processes related to glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, as well as autophagy and oxidative stress-related metabolism. With this information, we present the potential of nutrients as metabolism-directed anticancer agents and the potential for using these agents alone or in cocktails as a new direction for TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alleigh Wiggs
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sabrina Molina
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 280821, USA
| | - Susan J. Sumner
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 280821, USA
| | - Blake R. Rushing
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 280821, USA
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16
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Abdul Rahman A, Wan Ngah WZ, Jamal R, Makpol S, Harun R, Mokhtar N. Inhibitory Mechanism of Combined Hydroxychavicol With Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Against Glioma Cancer Cell Lines: A Transcriptomic Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:844199. [PMID: 35392560 PMCID: PMC8982671 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.844199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging reports have shown therapeutic potential of hydroxychavicol (HC) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) against cancer cells, however high concentrations are required to achieve the anticancer activity. We reported the synergy of low combination doses of EGCG+HC in glioma cell lines 1321N1, SW1783, and LN18 by assessing the effects of EGCG+HC through functional assays. Using high throughput RNA sequencing, the molecular mechanisms of EGCG+HC against glioma cell lines were revealed. EGCG/HC alone inhibited the proliferation of glioma cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 82 to 302 µg/ml and 75 to 119 µg/ml, respectively. Sub-effective concentrations of combined EGCG+HC enhanced the suppression of glioma cell growth, with SW1783 showing strong synergism with a combination index (CI) of 0.55 and LN18 showing a CI of 0.51. A moderate synergistic interaction of EGCG+HC was detected in 1321N1 cells, with a CI value of 0.88. Exposure of 1321N1, SW1783, and LN18 cells to EGCG+HC for 24 h induces cell death, with caspase-3 activation rates of 52%, 57%, and 9.4%, respectively. However, the dose for SW1783 is cytotoxic to normal cells, thus this dose was excluded from other tests. EGCG+HC induced cell cycle arrest at S phase and reduced 1321N1 and LN18 cell migration and invasion. Combined EGCG+HC amplified its anticancer effect by downregulating the axon guidance process and metabolic pathways, while simultaneously interfering with endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response pathway. Furthermore, EGCG+HC exerted its apoptotic effect through the alteration of mitochondrial genes such as MT-CO3 and MT-RNR2 in 1321N1 and LN18 cells respectively. EGCG+HC dynamically altered DYNLL1 alternative splicing expression in 1321N1 and DLD splicing expression in LN18 cell lines. Our work indicated the pleiotropic effects of EGCG+HC treatment, as well as particular target genes that might be investigated for future glioma cancer therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirah Abdul Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.,UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
- UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roslan Harun
- KPJ Ampang Specialist Hospital, Ampang, Malaysia
| | - Norfilza Mokhtar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Modulating the Antioxidant Response for Better Oxidative Stress-Inducing Therapies: How to Take Advantage of Two Sides of the Same Medal? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040823. [PMID: 35453573 PMCID: PMC9029215 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-inducing therapies are characterized as a specific treatment that involves the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) by external or internal sources. To protect cells against oxidative stress, cells have evolved a strong antioxidant defense system to either prevent RONS formation or scavenge them. The maintenance of the redox balance ensures signal transduction, development, cell proliferation, regulation of the mechanisms of cell death, among others. Oxidative stress can beneficially be used to treat several diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, heart disease, cancer, and other diseases by regulating the antioxidant system. Understanding the mechanisms of various endogenous antioxidant systems can increase the therapeutic efficacy of oxidative stress-based therapies, leading to clinical success in medical treatment. This review deals with the recent novel findings of various cellular endogenous antioxidant responses behind oxidative stress, highlighting their implication in various human diseases, such as ulcers, skin pathologies, oncology, and viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2.
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18
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Low-Molecular-Weight Synthetic Antioxidants: Classification, Pharmacological Profile, Effectiveness and Trends. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040638. [PMID: 35453322 PMCID: PMC9031493 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting research has been performed and published on natural antioxidants, more so than on synthetic ones, as key molecules that control oxidative damage and its pathway to disease. Since the discovery of vitamins, various fully synthetic or natural-identical compounds have been developed as stable small molecules translated into constantly active and completely controlled products which are widely exploited in the food and pharmaceutical industries. There is currently a debate within the literature about their mechanism of action, bioavailability, safety and real benefit for human health. Using a semiquantitative method and eligible criteria of selection, this review aimed to provide a very useful classification of antioxidants and a comprehensive cross-disciplinary description of 32 approved synthetic/natural-identical antioxidants, in terms of regulatory, antioxidant mechanism of action, safety issues, pharmacological properties, effectiveness in human health, timeline and future trends. Enriched interpretation of the data was obtained from summary bibliometrics, useful to portray the “good antioxidant” within the period 1966–2021 and, hopefully, to encourage further research.
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19
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Reitz LK, Schroeder J, Longo GZ, Boaventura BCB, Di Pietro PF. Dietary Antioxidant Capacity Promotes a Protective Effect against Exacerbated Oxidative Stress in Women Undergoing Adjuvant Treatment for Breast Cancer in a Prospective Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124324. [PMID: 34959876 PMCID: PMC8707537 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (Bca) is the most common type of cancer among women worldwide, and oxidative stress caused by adjuvant treatment may be decreased by antioxidant intake. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations between Dietary antioxidant Capacity (DaC) and oxidation and antioxidant biomarkers in women undergoing adjuvant treatment (AT) for Bca. This prospective study had a sample of 70 women (52.2 ± 10.7 y). DaC (mmol/g) was calculated using nutritional data obtained from a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and blood was collected to measure the oxidation and antioxidant biomarkers at baseline (T0), and after AT (T1). Carbonylated protein levels were inversely associated with DaC at T1 (p = 0.004); women showed an increased risk of having increment on lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and decrement on ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and reduced glutathione after AT, in response to lowered DaC (p < 0.05). Carbonylated proteins, TBARS and FRAP levels remained stable between the periods for women at the 3rd DaC tertile at T1, differentiating them from those at the 1st tertile, who showed negative changes in these biomarkers (p < 0.04). DaC may be beneficial for women undergoing AT for Bca, since it promoted a reduction in oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Kuhnen Reitz
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (L.K.R.); (J.S.); (G.Z.L.)
| | - Jaqueline Schroeder
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (L.K.R.); (J.S.); (G.Z.L.)
| | - Giana Zarbato Longo
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (L.K.R.); (J.S.); (G.Z.L.)
| | | | - Patricia Faria Di Pietro
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (L.K.R.); (J.S.); (G.Z.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-489-9960-4442
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20
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Quercetin potentiates the chemosensitivity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7733-7742. [PMID: 34637097 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the chemotherapy drugs to treat breast cancer, but it is associated with several side effects. Combination therapy is a way to increase the effectiveness of chemo drugs and decrease their usage dose. Quercetin (Quer) is one of the natural polyphenols with anti-cancer properties. This study investigated the apoptotic effect of 5-FU in combination with Quer compared with 5-FU alone on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. METHOD AND RESULTS Different single and combined concentrations of 5-FU and Quer were applied to MCF 7 cells for 48 h. Cell viability, apoptosis, gene expression of Bax, Bcl2, and p53, caspase activity, and colony number were assessed using MTT assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), and Colony formation assay, respectively. The combination of 5-FU and Quer compared to 5-FU alone improved apoptosis by increasing the gene expression of Bax and p53 and caspase-9 activity and decreasing the Bcl2 gene expression. Colony formation in MCF-7 cells significantly decreased in the combined state compared to 5-FU alone. CONCLUSION Quer potentiates the sensitivity of breast cancer to 5-FU so that this combination may be proposed as a treatment for breast cancer. Therefore, this combination can be suggested for future in vivo studies.
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21
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Rutin: A Flavonoid as an Effective Sensitizer for Anticancer Therapy; Insights into Multifaceted Mechanisms and Applicability for Combination Therapy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9913179. [PMID: 34484407 PMCID: PMC8416379 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9913179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rutin is a unique antioxidant flavonoid that is mainly found in fruit, vegetables, cereals, and many other plant-based human diets. This review aims to highlight the in vitro anticancer properties of rutin including combination therapeutic strategies. Literature resources were gathered through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases that cover the period of 1995–2021. Rutin is demonstrated to inhibit the proliferation of breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancers and other tumors. Furthermore, rutin alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents has been shown to regulate several signalling pathways involving the Ras/Raf and PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and TGF-β2/Smad2/3Akt/PTEN, etc., which are related to the processes of carcinogenesis and induction of apoptosis. The combination of rutin with other chemotherapy drugs may benefit on prevention of tumor cells by decreasing drug resistance and chemotherapy side effects. Moreover, rutin induces apoptosis synergistically with the therapeutic agent. More in vivo and clinical data are however needed to evaluate the true potential of rutin as an anticancer agent as an adjuvant. The present review highlights the effects of rutin which can be a promising candidate in combination with other antitumor drugs or alone for cancer treatment in vitro. Also, rutin can lead to decrease in drug resistance and chemotherapeutic side effects.
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22
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Carvalho BG, Vit FF, Carvalho HF, Han SW, de la Torre LG. Recent advances in co-delivery nanosystems for synergistic action in cancer treatment. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:1208-1237. [PMID: 33393582 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02168g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanocarrier delivery systems have been widely studied to carry unique or dual chemical drugs. The major challenge of chemotherapies is to overcome the multidrug-resistance (MDR) of cells to antineoplastic medicines. In this context, nano-scale technology has allowed researchers to develop biocompatible nano-delivery systems to overcome the limitation of chemical agents. The development of nano-vehicles may also be directed to co-deliver different agents such as drugs and genetic materials. The delivery of nucleic acids targeting specific cells is based on gene therapy principles to replace the defective gene, correct genome errors or knock-down a particular gene. Co-delivery systems are attractive strategies due to the possibility of achieving synergistic therapeutic effects, which are more effective in overcoming the MDR of cancer cells. These combined therapies can provide better outcomes than separate delivery approaches carrying either siRNA, miRNA, pDNA, or drugs. This article reviews the main design features that need to be associated with nano-vehicles to co-deliver drugs, genes, and gene-drug combinations with efficacy. The advantages and disadvantages of co-administration approaches are also overviewed and compared with individual nanocarrier systems. Herein, future trends and perspectives in designing novel nano-scale platforms to co-deliver therapeutic agents are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna G Carvalho
- Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Franciele F Vit
- Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sang W Han
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, Center for Cell and Molecular Therapy, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucimara G de la Torre
- Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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23
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Lei L, Zhang J, Decker EA, Zhang G. Roles of Lipid Peroxidation-Derived Electrophiles in Pathogenesis of Colonic Inflammation and Colon Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:665591. [PMID: 34079800 PMCID: PMC8165272 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.665591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox stress is a common feature of gut disorders such as colonic inflammation (inflammatory bowel disease or IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). This leads to increased colonic formation of lipid-derived electrophiles (LDEs) such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (tt-DDE), and epoxyketooctadecenoic acid (EKODE). Recent research by us and others support that treatment with LDEs increases the severity of colitis and exacerbates the development of colon tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo, supporting a critical role of these compounds in the pathogenesis of IBD and CRC. In this review, we will discuss the effects and mechanisms of LDEs on development of IBD and CRC and lifestyle factors, which could potentially affect tissue levels of LDEs to regulate IBD and CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Jianan Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Eric A Decker
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
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24
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Wang H, Hsia S, Wu TH, Wu CJ. Fish Oil, Se Yeast, and Micronutrient-Enriched Nutrition as Adjuvant Treatment during Target Therapy in a Murine Model of Lung Cancer. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:262. [PMID: 34064322 PMCID: PMC8147838 DOI: 10.3390/md19050262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of primary treatment modalities for cancer, the side effects of treatments, medication resistance, and the deterioration of cachexia after disease progression lead to poor prognosis. A supportive treatment modality to overcome these limitations would be considered a major breakthrough. Here, we used two different target drugs to demonstrate whether a nutraceutical formula (fish oil, Se yeast, and micronutrient-enriched nutrition; NuF) can interfere with cancer cachexia and improve drug efficacy. After Lewis lung cancer (LLC) tumor injection, the C57BL/6 mice were orally administered targeted therapy drugs Iressa and Sutent alone or combined with NuF for 27 days. Sutent administration effectively inhibited tumor size but increased the number of lung metastases in the long term. Sutent combined with NuF had no significant difference in tumor weight and metastasis compare with Sutent alone. However, NuF slightly attenuated metastases number in lung may via mesenchymal marker N-cadherin suppression. NuF otherwise increased epithelial-like marker E-cadherin expression and induce NO-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway in tumor cells, thereby strengthening the ability of the targeted therapy drug Iressa for inhibiting tumor progression. Our results demonstrate that NuF can promote the anticancer effect of lung cancer to targeted therapy, especially in Iressa, by inhibiting HIF-1α and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inducing the apoptosis of lung cancer cells. Furthermore, NuF attenuates cancer-related cachectic symptoms by inhibiting systemic oxidative stress.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cachexia/drug therapy
- Cachexia/etiology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/complications
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/diet therapy
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/drug therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Fish Oils/administration & dosage
- Fish Oils/pharmacology
- Gefitinib/administration & dosage
- Gefitinib/pharmacology
- Inflammation/drug therapy
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Micronutrients/administration & dosage
- Micronutrients/pharmacology
- Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control
- Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Selenium/administration & dosage
- Selenium/pharmacology
- Sunitinib/administration & dosage
- Sunitinib/pharmacology
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Yeast, Dried/administration & dosage
- Yeast, Dried/pharmacology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Simon Hsia
- Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 104, Taiwan;
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan;
- Department of Food Science, Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Jer Wu
- Department of Food Science, Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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25
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Mukerabigwi JF, Han Y, Lu N, Ke W, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Mohammed F, Ibrahim A, Zheng B, Ge Z. Cisplatin resistance reversal in lung cancer by tumor acidity-activable vesicular nanoreactors via tumor oxidative stress amplification. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:3055-3067. [PMID: 33885667 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02876b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance of cisplatin significantly limits its therapeutic efficacy in clinical applications against different cancers. Herein, we develop a novel strategy to overcome cisplatin drug resistance through sensitizing cisplatin-resistant human lung cancer cells (A549R) under amplified oxidative stress using a vesicular nanoreactor for simultaneous cisplatin delivery and H2O2 generation. We engineer the nanoreactor by the self-assembly of the amphiphilic diblock copolymers to co-deliver glucose oxidase (GOD) and cisplatin (Cis) (Cis/GOD@Bz-V). Cis/GOD@Bz-V was rationally designed to stay impermeable during blood circulation while mild acidity (pH 6.5-6.8) can activate its molecular-weight selective membrane permeability and release cisplatin locally. Diffusion of small molecules such as oxygen and glucose across the membranes can induce the in situ generation of superfluous H2O2 to promote cellular oxidative stress and sensitize A549R cells via activation of pro-apoptotic pathways. Cis/GOD@Bz-V nanoreactors could effectively kill A549R at pH 6.8 in the presence of glucose by the combination of H2O2 generation and cisplatin release. Growth of A549R xenograft tumors can be inhibited efficiently without the obvious toxic side effects via the systemic administration of Cis/GOD@Bz-V. Accordingly, the tumor acidity-activable cisplatin-loaded nanoreactors show great potential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy against cisplatin-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Felix Mukerabigwi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China.
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26
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Kumar Dubey S, Pradhan R, Hejmady S, Singhvi G, Choudhury H, Gorain B, Kesharwani P. Emerging innovations in nano-enabled therapy against age-related macular degeneration: A paradigm shift. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120499. [PMID: 33753164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a degenerative eye disease, is the major cause of irreversible loss of vision among individuals aged 50 and older. Both genetic and environmental factors are responsible for the progressive damage to central vision. It is a multifactorial retinal disease with features such as drusen, hypopigmentation and/or hyperpigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium, and even choroidal neovascularization in certain patients. AMD is of two major forms: exudative (wet) and atrophic (dry) with changes affecting the macula leading to impaired vision. Although the retina remains an accessible portion for delivering drugs, there are no current options to cure or treat AMD. The existing expensive therapeutics are unable to treat the underlying pathology but display several side effects. However, recent innovations in nanotherapeutics provide an optimal alternative of drug delivery to treat the neovascular condition. These new-age technologies in the nanometer scale would enhance bioactivity and improve the bioavailability of drugs at the site of action to treat AMD. The nanomedicine also provides sustained release of the drug with prolonged retention after penetrating across the ocular tissues. In this review, the insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with the pathophysiology of AMD are provided. It also serves to review the current progress in nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems that offer feasible treatments in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Dubey
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India; Medical Research, R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata 700056, India.
| | - Rajesh Pradhan
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Siddhanth Hejmady
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hira Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; Center for Drug Delivery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Pinheiro-Neto FR, Lopes EM, Acha BT, Gomes LDS, Dias WA, Reis Filho ACD, Leal BDS, Rodrigues DCDN, Silva JDN, Dittz D, Ferreira PMP, Almeida FRDC. α-Phellandrene exhibits antinociceptive and tumor-reducing effects in a mouse model of oncologic pain. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 418:115497. [PMID: 33744277 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Medical reports indicate a prevalence of pain in 50% of patients with cancer. In this context, this article investigated the antinociceptive activity of α-PHE using in vivo Sarcoma-180-induced hypernociception in mice to detail its mechanism(s) of antinociception under different conditions of treatment and tumor progression. Firsty, in vitro cytotoxic action was assessed using melanoma B-16/F-10 and S-180 murine cells and colorimetric MTT assays. For in vivo studies, acute treatment with α-PHE (6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg orally by gavage) was performed on the 1st day after S-180 inoculation. Subacute treatments were performed for 8 days starting on the next day (early protocol) or on day 8 after S-180 inoculation (late protocol). For all procedures, mechanical nociceptive evaluations were carried out by von Frey's technique in the subaxillary region peritumoral tissue (direct nociception) and in right legs of S-180-bearing mice (indirect nociception). α-PHE showed in vitro cytotoxic action on B-16/F-10 and S-180 (CI50 values of 436.0 and 217.9 μg/mL), inhibition of in vivo tumor growth (ranging from 47.3 to 82.7%) and decreased direct (peritumoral tissue in subaxillary region) and indirect (right leg) mechanical nociception in Sarcoma 180-bearing mice with early and advanced tumors under acute or subacute conditions of treatment especially at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. It improved serum levels of GSH as well as diminished systemic lipid peroxidation, blood cytokines (interleukin-1β, -4, -6, and tumor necrosis factor-α). Such outcomes highlight α-PHE as a promising lead compound that combines antinociceptive and antineoplasic properties. Its structural simplicity make it a cost-effective alternative, justifying further mechanistic investigations and the development of pharmaceutical formulations. Moreover, the protocols developed and standardized here make it possible to use Sarcoma-180 hypernociception model to evaluate the capacity of new antinociceptive molecules under conditions of cancer-related allodynia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviano Ribeiro Pinheiro-Neto
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Everton Moraes Lopes
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Boris Timah Acha
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Laércio da Silva Gomes
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Willian Amorim Dias
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Dos Reis Filho
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Bianca de Sousa Leal
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Débora Caroline do Nascimento Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Jurandy do Nascimento Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Dalton Dittz
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Regina de Castro Almeida
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil.
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28
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Ferdous UT, Yusof ZNB. Medicinal Prospects of Antioxidants From Algal Sources in Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:593116. [PMID: 33746748 PMCID: PMC7973026 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.593116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Though cancer therapeutics can successfully eradicate cancerous cells, the effectiveness of these medications is mostly restricted to several deleterious side effects. Therefore, to alleviate these side effects, antioxidant supplementation is often warranted, reducing reactive species levels and mitigating persistent oxidative damage. Thus, it can impede the growth of cancer cells while protecting the normal cells simultaneously. Moreover, antioxidant supplementation alone or in combination with chemotherapeutics hinders further tumor development, prevents chemoresistance by improving the response to chemotherapy drugs, and enhances cancer patients' quality of life by alleviating side effects. Preclinical and clinical studies have been revealed the efficacy of using phytochemical and dietary antioxidants from different sources in treating chemo and radiation therapy-induced toxicities and enhancing treatment effectiveness. In this context, algae, both micro and macro, can be considered as alternative natural sources of antioxidants. Algae possess antioxidants from diverse groups, which can be exploited in the pharmaceutical industry. Despite having nutritional benefits, investigation and utilization of algal antioxidants are still in their infancy. This review article summarizes the prospective anticancer effect of twenty-three antioxidants from microalgae and their potential mechanism of action in cancer cells, as well as usage in cancer therapy. In addition, antioxidants from seaweeds, especially from edible species, are outlined, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Tamanna Ferdous
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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29
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Sharma T, Kaur Khurana R, Borges B, Kaur R, Katare O, Singh B. An HPTLC densitometric method for simultaneous quantification of sorafenib tosylate and chrysin: Analytical method development, validation and applications. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Viana da Silva M, Santos MRC, Alves Silva IR, Macedo Viana EB, Dos Anjos DA, Santos IA, Barbosa de Lima NG, Wobeto C, Jorge N, Lannes SCDS. Synthetic and Natural Antioxidants Used in the Oxidative Stability of Edible Oils: An Overview. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1869775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcondes Viana da Silva
- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences (DCEN), State University of Southwest Bahia, Bairro Primavera, Itapetinga, Brasil
| | - Mariana Romana Correia Santos
- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences (DCEN), State University of Southwest Bahia, Bairro Primavera, Itapetinga, Brasil
| | - Izis Rafaela Alves Silva
- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences (DCEN), State University of Southwest Bahia, Bairro Primavera, Itapetinga, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Bruno Macedo Viana
- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences (DCEN), State University of Southwest Bahia, Bairro Primavera, Itapetinga, Brasil
| | - Dioneire Amparo Dos Anjos
- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences (DCEN), State University of Southwest Bahia, Bairro Primavera, Itapetinga, Brasil
| | - Ingrid Alves Santos
- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences (DCEN), State University of Southwest Bahia, Bairro Primavera, Itapetinga, Brasil
| | | | - Carmen Wobeto
- Universidade Federal De Mato Grosso - Campus De Sinop, Universidade Federal De Mato Grosso, Sinop, BR
| | - Neuza Jorge
- Paulista State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Institute of Biosciences Letters and Exact Sciences, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Suzana Caetano Da Silva Lannes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Technology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BR
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31
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Griñan-Lison C, Blaya-Cánovas JL, López-Tejada A, Ávalos-Moreno M, Navarro-Ocón A, Cara FE, González-González A, Lorente JA, Marchal JA, Granados-Principal S. Antioxidants for the Treatment of Breast Cancer: Are We There Yet? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:205. [PMID: 33572626 PMCID: PMC7911462 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Oxidative stress and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been related to cancer progression. Compared to their normal counterparts, tumor cells show higher ROS levels and tight regulation of REDOX homeostasis to maintain a low degree of oxidative stress. Traditionally antioxidants have been extensively investigated to counteract breast carcinogenesis and tumor progression as chemopreventive agents; however, there is growing evidence indicating their potential as adjuvants for the treatment of breast cancer. Aimed to elucidate whether antioxidants could be a reality in the management of breast cancer patients, this review focuses on the latest investigations regarding the ambivalent role of antioxidants in the development of breast cancer, with special attention to the results derived from clinical trials, as well as their potential use as plausible agents in combination therapy and their power to ameliorate the side effects attributed to standard therapeutics. Data retrieved herein suggest that antioxidants play an important role in breast cancer prevention and the improvement of therapeutic efficacy; nevertheless, appropriate patient stratification based on "redoxidomics" or tumor subtype is mandatory in order to define the dosage for future standardized and personalized treatments of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Griñan-Lison
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, 18016 Granada, Spain; (J.L.B.-C.); (A.L.-T.); (M.Á.-M.); (A.N.-O.); (F.E.C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Jose L. Blaya-Cánovas
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, 18016 Granada, Spain; (J.L.B.-C.); (A.L.-T.); (M.Á.-M.); (A.N.-O.); (F.E.C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Araceli López-Tejada
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, 18016 Granada, Spain; (J.L.B.-C.); (A.L.-T.); (M.Á.-M.); (A.N.-O.); (F.E.C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Marta Ávalos-Moreno
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, 18016 Granada, Spain; (J.L.B.-C.); (A.L.-T.); (M.Á.-M.); (A.N.-O.); (F.E.C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Alba Navarro-Ocón
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, 18016 Granada, Spain; (J.L.B.-C.); (A.L.-T.); (M.Á.-M.); (A.N.-O.); (F.E.C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Francisca E. Cara
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, 18016 Granada, Spain; (J.L.B.-C.); (A.L.-T.); (M.Á.-M.); (A.N.-O.); (F.E.C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Adrián González-González
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, 18016 Granada, Spain; (J.L.B.-C.); (A.L.-T.); (M.Á.-M.); (A.N.-O.); (F.E.C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Jose A. Lorente
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, 18016 Granada, Spain; (J.L.B.-C.); (A.L.-T.); (M.Á.-M.); (A.N.-O.); (F.E.C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
- Department of Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan A. Marchal
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio Granados-Principal
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, 18016 Granada, Spain; (J.L.B.-C.); (A.L.-T.); (M.Á.-M.); (A.N.-O.); (F.E.C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
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32
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Preferential Activity of Petiveria alliacea Extract on Primary Myeloid Leukemic Blast. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2020:4736206. [PMID: 33488744 PMCID: PMC7787761 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4736206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The need for new therapeutic approaches to improve the response in acute leukemia (AL), either by directing therapy or with new therapeutic alternatives, has been a research and clinical interest topic. We evaluated whether blasts from AL patients were sensitive ex vivo to the induction chemotherapy and whether the extracts of Petiveria alliacea (Anamu SC) and Caesalpinia spinosa (P2Et) modulated the sensitivity of leukemic cells to death. Bone marrow samples were taken from 26 patients with de novo AL and 6 in relapse, and the cytotoxicity of the extracts alone or in combination with the chemotherapeutic was evaluated by XTT. Patients were classified as good (GR) and bad responders (BR) according to the ex vivo test. 70.5% of the GR patients to the ex vivo test achieved postinduction remission to induction chemotherapy with a median overall survival of 12.50 months versus 7.23 months in the two groups. Furthermore, it was found that the ex vivo response to extracts and chemotherapeutics is heterogeneous and shows an exclusive pattern between the extracts, Anamu being the more effective in inducing cell death. The combination of extracts with chemotherapeutic agents showed synergistic or antagonistic effects in the patients' blasts. These results show that the ex vivo evaluation of the sensitivity to induction drugs using primary blasts from patients exhibits a correlation with the response to induction chemotherapy in patients. These analyses would allow establishing a system to predict response to treatment and determine ex vivo susceptibility to new therapies under development, among which is phytotherapeutics.
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Hejmady S, Pradhan R, Alexander A, Agrawal M, Singhvi G, Gorain B, Tiwari S, Kesharwani P, Dubey SK. Recent advances in targeted nanomedicine as promising antitumor therapeutics. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:2227-2244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Tasdemir SS, Sanlier N. An insight into the anticancer effects of fermented foods: A review. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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35
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Vahid F, Rahmani D, Davoodi SH. Validation of Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) and investigating the relationship between DAI and the odds of gastric cancer. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:102. [PMID: 33292344 PMCID: PMC7708154 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-00529-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) incidence and mortality are rapidly growing worldwide. It is estimated that more than 1,000,000 new cases are diagnosed each year, and more than 78,000 people lose their lives due to GC. The association between dietary antioxidants and GC has been shown in some studies. However, because of the discrepancy between the findings and the lack of a valid indicator, it seems necessary to design and validate the Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) to examine the diet's total antioxidant content. The present study aimed to survey the validity of DAI and its association with the odds of GC. METHODS In this hospital-based case-control study, 82 patients with GC and 95 healthy controls were examined. We used a 168-item food frequency questioner to assess dietary intakes. The DAI was calculated based on the intake of vitamin A, C, E, and selenium, manganese, and zinc. We standardized each of the six vitamins and minerals by subtracting the global mean and dividing by the global standard deviation to calculate DAI. We then calculated the DAI by summing up the standardized intakes of these vitamins and minerals of the individuals with equal weight. RESULTS We observed a significant correlation between DAI and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) after controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), energy intake, smoking and fasting blood sugar, education, total fat intake, helicobacter pylori infection, total cholesterol, and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intakes. Results obtained from modeling DAI as a continuous variable in relation to GC showed a negative association after adjustment for age and in the multivariable analysis (OR = 0.64, CI = 0.43-0.95). CONCLUSION DAI is a valid indicator of dietary antioxidants assessments, and it can be used as a predictor of antioxidant status due to its correlation with serum antioxidant levels. The results showed that dietary antioxidants have a significant relationship with GC, which indicates the importance of antioxidants in this cancer's etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Vahid
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Arak University of Medical Science, Arāk, Iran
| | - Diana Rahmani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Arak University of Medical Science, Arāk, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Davoodi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nouri Z, Fakhri S, Nouri K, Wallace CE, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways in Cancer: The Rutin Therapeutic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2276. [PMID: 32823876 PMCID: PMC7463935 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple dysregulated signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer. The conventional therapies used in cancer prevention/treatment suffer from low efficacy, considerable toxicity, and high cost. Hence, the discovery and development of novel multi-targeted agents to attenuate the dysregulated signaling in cancer is of great importance. In recent decades, phytochemicals from dietary and medicinal plants have been successfully introduced as alternative anticancer agents due to their ability to modulate numerous oncogenic and oncosuppressive signaling pathways. Rutin (also known as rutoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and sophorin) is an active plant-derived flavonoid that is widely distributed in various vegetables, fruits, and medicinal plants, including asparagus, buckwheat, apricots, apples, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, plums, oranges, and tea. Rutin has been shown to target various inflammatory, apoptotic, autophagic, and angiogenic signaling mediators, including nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins, light chain 3/Beclin, B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein, caspases, and vascular endothelial growth factor. A comprehensive and critical analysis of the anticancer potential of rutin and associated molecular targets amongst various cancer types has not been performed previously. Accordingly, the purpose of this review is to present an up-to-date and critical evaluation of multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms through which the anticancer effects of rutin are known to be exerted. The current challenges and limitations as well as future directions of research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran;
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;
| | - Keyvan Nouri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Carly E. Wallace
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
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Nutraceutical Boom in Cancer: Inside the Labyrinth of Reactive Oxygen Species. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061936. [PMID: 32178382 PMCID: PMC7139678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, epidemiological studies have shown that food is a very powerful means for maintaining a state of well-being and for health prevention. Many degenerative, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases are related to nutrition and the nutrient-organism interaction could define the balance between health and disease. Nutrients and dietary components influence epigenetic phenomena and modify drugs response; therefore, these food-host interactions can influence the individual predisposition to disease and its potential therapeutic response. Do nutraceuticals have positive or negative effects during chemotherapy? The use of nutraceutical supplements in cancer patients is a controversial debate without a definitive conclusion to date. During cancer treatment, patients take nutraceuticals to alleviate drug toxicity and improve long-term results. Some nutraceuticals may potentiate the effect of cytotoxic chemotherapy by inducing cell growth arrest, cell differentiation, and alteration of the redox state of cells, but in some cases, high levels of them may interfere with the effectiveness of chemotherapy, making cancer cells less reactive to chemotherapy. In this review, we highlighted the emerging opinions and data on the pros and cons on the use of nutraceutical supplements during chemotherapy.
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Granato D, Barba FJ, Bursać Kovačević D, Lorenzo JM, Cruz AG, Putnik P. Functional Foods: Product Development, Technological Trends, Efficacy Testing, and Safety. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2020; 11:93-118. [PMID: 31905019 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Functional foods is a very popular term in the social and scientific media; consequently, food producers have invested resources in the development of processed foods that may provide added functional benefits to consumers' well-being. Because of intrinsic regulation and end-of-use purposes in different countries, worldwide meanings and definitions of this term are still unclear. Hence, here we standardize this definition and propose a guideline to attest that some ingredients or foods truly deserve this special designation. Furthermore, focus is directed at the most recent studies and practical guidelines that can be used to develop and test the efficacy of potentially functional foods and ingredients. The most widespread functional ingredients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics, and antioxidants, and their technological means of delivery in food products are described. The review discusses the steps that food companies should take to ensure that their developed food product is truly functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Granato
- Innovative Food System, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-0250 Espoo, Finland;
| | - Francisco J Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | | | - José M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Vinas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Adriano G Cruz
- Department of Food, Federal Institute of Science, Education and Technology of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), 20260-100 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Predrag Putnik
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Satari A, Amini SA, Raeisi E, Lemoigne Y, Heidarian E. Synergetic Impact of Combined 5-Fluorouracil and Rutin on Apoptosis in PC3 Cancer Cells through the Modulation of P53 Gene Expression. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:462-469. [PMID: 31592435 PMCID: PMC6773939 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Prostate cancer is as far the most prevalent male cancer. Rutin (a glycoside from
quercetin flavonoid) displays antioxidant activity leading to cell apoptosis. Combined effects of
rutin with the widely used anti-cancer drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), on prostate cancer cell line
(PC3) was investigated herein.
Methods: Different concentrations of combined 5-FU and rutin were applied to PC3 cells
compared to separate treatment for 48 hours. Cell viability, as well p53 gene expression
respectively were assessed by MTT assay and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction
(qPCR). Changes of Bcl-2 signal protein and apoptosis were determined using western blot
and flow cytometry procedures, respectively. Clonogenic assay was used to colony counts
assessment.
Results: 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of separate cell treatment with either rutin and
5-FU respectively were 900 μM and 3Mm, while combination index (CI) of combined 5-FU
/rutin application reached a level of synergistic effects (0.33). Combination of 5-FU/rutin
enhanced apoptosis and p53 gene expression in PC3 cells. PC3 cell colony counts and Bcl-2
signaling protein were decreased by 5-FU/rutin combination.
Conclusion: Synergistic effects of 5-FU/rutin combination on PC3 cells line enhanced apoptosis,
p53 gene expression, and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein, compared to control separate
application. 5-FU/rutin combination does seem an interesting therapeutic pathway to be further
investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Satari
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sayed Asadollah Amini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elham Raeisi
- Department of Medical Physics & Radiology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Feduraev P, Chupakhina G, Maslennikov P, Tacenko N, Skrypnik L. Variation in Phenolic Compounds Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Plant Organs from Rumex crispus L. and Rumex obtusifolius L. at Different Growth Stages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E237. [PMID: 31340505 PMCID: PMC6680865 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the accumulation of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of extracts of various parts of R. crispus and R. obtusifolius, collected at the flowering stage and the fruiting stage. Half of the collected plants were divided into root, stem, leaves, and reproductive organs (inflorescence). The other half was used to study the vertical distribution of biologically active components and antioxidants throughout the plant. The samples were analyzed for total catechins content, total proanthocyanidins content, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant activity (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'azinobis(3)ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays). All analyses were performed in four replicates. In general, a similar trend was observed in the distribution of phenolic compounds in the studied species. The maximum content of these secondary metabolites was noted in the reproductive organs, both in the flowering and fruiting period. Stems were characterized by a minimum content of the studied classes of substances. The antioxidant activity of the sorrels studied parts can be arranged in the following order: the generative part (flowers, seeds) > leaves > root > stem (for flowering and fruiting stages). It was found that parts of the root closer to the stem differed in higher activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Feduraev
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236000, Russia.
| | - Galina Chupakhina
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236000, Russia
| | - Pavel Maslennikov
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236000, Russia.
| | - Natalia Tacenko
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236000, Russia
| | - Liubov Skrypnik
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236000, Russia
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Antioxidant activities and molecular docking of 2-thioxobenzo[g]quinazoline derivatives. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:695-700. [PMID: 31207430 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and related diseases resulting from the overproduction of free radicals can be counteracted by designing and developing novel antioxidative agents that can protect the human body against the damage caused by free radicals. METHODS The present study evaluated the antioxidant activities of 15 derivatives of 2-thioxobenzo[g]quinazoline using three different assays: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, reducing power capability, and ferric reduction antioxidant power. RESULTS Some benzoquinazolines had good activity and had the capacity to deplete DPPH and free radicals compared to a positive control butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT). A docking study identified the possible interactions between binding models and the antioxidant activities of the target compounds. CONCLUSIONS The active compounds can be used as templates for further development of more potent antioxidative agents.
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Hystrix brachyura Bezoar Characterization, Antioxidant Activity Screening, and Anticancer Activity on Melanoma Cells (A375): A Preliminary Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8020039. [PMID: 30759849 PMCID: PMC6406421 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcupine bezoars (PBs) are masses of undigested calcareous concretions formed within the gastrointestinal tract. There are undocumented claims that PBs have antioxidant activity and can treat cancers. However, limited scientific study has been carried out to verify these traditional claims. Hence, this study was conducted to characterize the chemical profile and validate the antioxidant and anticancer activity against melanoma cells (A375). PB extract was initially subjected to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography⁻mass spectrometry (GCMS), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) analyses. The bioautography of antioxidant assays, namely 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH), and β-carotene was performed. An in vitro A375 cell viability assay, apoptosis assay, cell cycle arrest assay, and gene expression assay were carried out as well. The experimental finding revealed 5,10-diethoxy-2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-1H,6H-dipyrrolo[1,2-a:1',2'-d]pyrazine, ursodeoxycholic acid, and cholest-5-en-3-ol (3 beta)-, carbonochloridate are major compounds detected in PB extract. PB extract has low phenolic content, viz. 698.7 ± 0.93 (µg GAE/5 mg dry weight). The bioautography antioxidant assays revealed a potent antioxidant effect (ABTS > DPPH > β-carotene), with free radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, PB extract exhibited dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cancer activity on A375 cells due to the exhibition of apoptosis via an intrinsic pathway.
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Jain A, Sharma G, Thakur K, Raza K, Shivhare US, Ghoshal G, Katare OP. Beta-carotene-Encapsulated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (BC-SLNs) as Promising Vehicle for Cancer: an Investigative Assessment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:100. [PMID: 30721373 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1301-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-carotene (BC), a red-colored pigment found in plants and animals, is one of the most extensively investigated carotenoids due to its provitamin-A, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. The anticancer activity of BC through oral administration is severely affected due to its low bioavailability and oxidative degradation. The present study aimed to formulate and characterize solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of BC for enhanced bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Beta-carotene-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (BC-SLNs) were prepared employing different combinations of glyceryl monostearate and gelucire. The characterization studies were performed for particle size, morphology, release behavior, and stability. BC-SLNs were also studied for in vitro cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) and pharmacokinetic studies in Wistar rats. The cytotoxicity studies confirmed that encapsulation of BC within the lipid bilayers of nanoparticles did not affect its anticancer efficacy. An improved anticancer activity was observed in BC-SLNs as compared to the free BC. BC-SLNs enhanced the bioavailability of BC on oral administration by sustaining its release from the lipid core and prolongation of circulation time in the body. Similarly, area under the curve (AUCtotal) enhanced 1.92-times more when BC was incorporated into SLNs as compared to free BC. In conclusion, solid lipid nanoparticles could be an effective and promising strategy to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of carotenoids for anticancer effects.
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Emodin, Physcion, and Crude Extract of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens Induce Mixed Cell Death, Increase in Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Inhibition of AKT in Cervical and Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cell Lines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2390234. [PMID: 30057674 PMCID: PMC6051077 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2390234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There have been few studies on the pharmacological properties of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens, a native Brazilian species popularly known as “fruto-de-pombo.” The aim of this study was to investigate the scavenging capacity of emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic crude extract of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as their role and plausible mechanisms in prompting cell death and changes in AKT phosphorylation after cervical (SiHa and C33A) and oral (HSC-3) squamous cell carcinoma treatments. Emodin was shown to be the best scavenger of NO• and O2•−, while all samples were equally effective in HOCl/OCl− capture. Emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic extract all exhibited cytotoxic effects on SiHa, C33A, HSC-3, and HaCaT (immortalized human keratinocytes, nontumorigenic cell line), involving mixed cell death (apoptosis and necrosis) independent of the caspase activation pathway. Emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic extract increased intracellular oxidative stress and DNA damage. Emodin decreased the activation of AKT in all tumor cells, physcion in HSC-3 and HaCaT cells, and the ethanolic extract in C33A and HaCaT cells, respectively. The induction of cancer cell death by emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic crude extract of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens was related to an increase in intracellular oxidative stress and DNA damage and a decrease in AKT activation. These molecules are therefore emerging as interesting candidates for further study as novel options to treat cervical and oral carcinomas.
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Jain A, Sharma G, Ghoshal G, Kesharwani P, Singh B, Shivhare U, Katare O. Lycopene loaded whey protein isolate nanoparticles: An innovative endeavor for enhanced bioavailability of lycopene and anti-cancer activity. Int J Pharm 2018; 546:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Wang TX, Shi MM, Jiang JG. Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of anticancer and antioxidant compounds from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino. RSC Adv 2018; 8:23181-23190. [PMID: 35540147 PMCID: PMC9081634 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02803f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a medicinal and edible plant in China whose buds and leaves are used for making a popular kind of tea drink. The anticancer and antioxidant properties of the ethyl acetate (EA) and n-butanol (n-Bu) fractions provide a basis for conducting experiments for isolation and identification of key compounds that may be responsible for the aforementioned properties of G. pentaphyllum. Four compounds were isolated from the two fractions using ODS packing column, silica gel column, polyamide column, Sephadex LH-20 gel column and HPLC. With the aid of 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry, they were identified as 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl-O-β-d-glucoside, gypenoside XLVI, gypenoside L and ginsenoside Rd. 3,4-Dihydroxy phenyl-O-β-d-glucoside showed the strongest DPPH (97.23%) and ABTS (101.37%) scavenging effect and ferric ion reducing power (FRAP value 0.8846), which may be closely related to the hydrogen atoms of phenolic hydroxyls. Gypenoside L and ginsenoside Rd displayed the highest inhibition of tumor cell proliferation of A549 and MCF-7 cell lines, which had to do with the chemical structure of the compounds bearing glycosylated parts and free hydroxyls at the 20th or 21st carbon atom of dammarane-type saponin. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a medicinal and edible plant in China whose buds and leaves are used for making a popular kind of tea drink.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Xing Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Man-Man Shi
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
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