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Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Blackburn N, Graham K, Walker MJ, Room R, Wilson IM, Waleewong O, Gilchrist G, Ramsoomar L, Laslett AM. Can alcohol policy prevent harms to women and children from men's alcohol consumption? An overview of existing literature and suggested ways forward. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2023; 119:104148. [PMID: 37540918 PMCID: PMC10734562 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2023.104148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization's list of cost-effective alcohol control policies is a widely-used resource that highlights strategies to address alcohol-related harms. However, there is more evidence on how recommended policies impact harms to people who drink alcohol-such as physical health problems caused by heavy alcohol use-than on secondhand harms inflicted on someone other than the person drinking alcohol, i.e., alcohol's harms to others. In this essay, we describe evidence of impacts of alcohol policy on harms to women and children resulting from men's alcohol consumption, as well as options for making policies more relevant for reducing intimate partner violence and child abuse. We begin with an overview of harms to women and children resulting from men's alcohol consumption and review cost-effective alcohol policies with potential to reduce these harms based on likely mechanisms of action. Next, we present a rapid review of reviews to describe existing evidence of impacts of these policies on the outcomes of physical violence, sexual violence, and child abuse and neglect. We found little evidence of systematic evaluation of impacts of these important alcohol policies on harms to women and children. Thus, we advocate for increased attention in evaluation research to the impacts of alcohol policies on harms experienced by women and children who are exposed to men who drink alcohol. We also argue for more consideration of a broader range of policies and interventions to reduce these specific types of harm. Finally, we present a conceptual model illustrating how alcohol policies may be supplemented with other interventions specifically tailored to reduce alcohol-related harms commonly experienced by women and children as a result of men's alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie Blackburn
- Center for Health Behavior & Implementation Science, RTI International, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn Graham
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, London/Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary Jean Walker
- Department of Politics, Media, & Philosophy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robin Room
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Social Research on Alcohol & Drugs, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid M Wilson
- Health & Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore; Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Australia
| | - Orratai Waleewong
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand
| | - Gail Gilchrist
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Leane Ramsoomar
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa; School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Public Health & Health Systems, University of the Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Anne-Marie Laslett
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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ANDERSON GOODELL ERINM, KUNTSCHE EMMANUEL, LABHART FLORIAN, THRUL JOHANNES. Drinking location moderates the association between social group size and alcohol consumption among young adults: An event-level study. Drug Alcohol Rev 2022; 41:238-245. [PMID: 34233040 PMCID: PMC8738772 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have demonstrated relationships between social and environmental characteristics of the drinking context and alcohol use. However, the use of event-level data to investigate individual and joint relationships between such characteristics and alcohol use remains a gap in the literature. This study aimed to examine associations between drinking context (location and social group size) and alcohol consumption, and estimate the relationship between the interaction of context and alcohol consumption. METHODS Using an Internet-based cellphone-optimised assessment technique, 183 Swiss young adults (mean: 23 years; range: 17-37 years) completed hourly assessments from 8 pm to midnight Thursday through Saturday for five consecutive weeks. Participants contributed 3454 hourly questionnaires. The number of drinks, the number of friends present and location (off-premise-home, outdoors; on-premise-bars, restaurants) were assessed based on the previous hour. Multilevel mixed-effects models were used to assess the relationships of interest. RESULTS Being off-premise compared to on-premise was associated with fewer hourly drinks consumed (b = -0.44, P < 0.001). Greater numbers of friends present were associated with more drinks consumed (b = 0.02, P < 0.001). The association between number of friends and number of drinks consumed was significantly stronger for off-premise compared to on-premise locations (b = 0.03, P < 0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Compared to off-premise locations, on-premise locations are associated with more hourly drinks consumed. However, the positive relationship between social group size and drinks consumed is significantly stronger for off-premise locations compared to on-premise locations. Findings have implications for tailored interventions focused on reducing alcohol consumption by young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - EMMANUEL KUNTSCHE
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - FLORIAN LABHART
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA,,Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland,,Addiction Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - JOHANNES THRUL
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
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Characteristics and Predictors of Heavy Episodic Drinking (HED) among Young People Aged 16-25: The International Alcohol Control Study (IAC), Tshwane, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103537. [PMID: 32438540 PMCID: PMC7277734 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In South Africa, little is known about alcohol consumption patterns, such as drinks consumed, container size, salience of alcohol price, affordability and availability, and perceptions of alcohol policies as potential predictors of heavy episodic alcohol (HED) use among young people. This paper examines predictors of HED among young people with specific consideration given to these alcohol consumption patterns. This study conducted in the Tshwane Metropole in 2014 employed multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. Participants were between the ages 16–25 years. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Of the 287 (n = 678) participants who had used alcohol in the past six months and for whom we had complete consumption data, almost half were identified as heavy episodic drinkers (HEDs) and were significantly more likely to consume alcohol on a daily basis (p = 0.001). Having nightclub as the primary drinking location (p = 0.023) and drinking from a container size bigger than one standard drink (p = 0.014) were significant predictors for HED. HEDs were also more likely to have a perception that most people consume alcohol (p = 0.047). The results point to HED of alcohol among young people who drink in South Africa, highlighting the need for multicomponent interventions.
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Gupta S, Lal R, Ambekar A, Mishra AK, Rao R. The pattern of alcohol use and its relationship with consequences among problem alcohol users: A community-based cross-sectional study from India. Indian J Psychiatry 2020; 62:152-158. [PMID: 32382174 PMCID: PMC7197826 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_194_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pattern of drinking has a strong bearing on alcohol-related negative consequences. Very few studies from India have assessed this relationship using any standardized instrument. AIM The current study aims to assess the relationship between pattern of alcohol use and negative consequences among problem alcohol users using a standardized instrument. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional, observational study using snowball sampling technique was conducted among 75 participants in an urban slum of a metropolitan city of India. Screening of the participants was done by the World Health Organization Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (WHO-ASSIST). Alcohol use details and alcohol-related adverse consequences were obtained by a semi-structured questionnaire and Drinker Inventory of Consequences (DrInC) inventory, respectively. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and logistic regression test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS There was a significant association between high total DrInC score and ≥3 subscale scores with employment status, percentage of total family income spent on alcohol, source of income to procure alcohol, amount of alcohol, morning drinking, alcohol use for relaxation, and drinking throughout the day (Chi-square test). Age ≤35 years, current unemployment/part-time employment state, spending ≥25% of total family income on alcohol, family history, and drinking throughout the day were more likely to have high total DrInC score and ≥2 subscale scores (logistic regression analysis). CONCLUSION A large proportion of the participants were suffering significantly from alcohol-related consequences but still were not receiving any treatment. It emphasizes the need for more epidemiological studies in this area for its treatment and policy-level implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehil Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Lal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Ambekar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravindra Rao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Meque I, Betts KS, Salom CL, Scott JG, Clavarino A, Mamun A, Najman JM, Alati R. Social Drinking Contexts and Their Influence on Problematic Drinking at Age 30. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:188-199. [PMID: 31519127 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1660679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Understanding the social contexts in which problematic drinking occurs can inform prevention strategies. In this article, we investigate gender-specific social contexts associated with problematic drinking and depression among adults aged 30 years. Because depression has been consistently linked with harmful alcohol consumption, we will also examine its association with drinking contexts. Methods: We used data from 2490 young adults who completed the 30-year follow-up phase of the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy and its Outcomes, a prospective study commenced in 1981. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to identify latent constructs of drinking contexts stratified by gender, with subsequent regression analysis to assess the role of these contexts in problematic drinking (measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). Results: Six distinct drinking contexts were identified, which differed by gender, three for men and three for women. For both men and women, "social drinking", was associated with problematic drinking. "Home drinking" was also common to men and women but associations with problematic drinking differed, being risky only among men. "Daytime drinking" (women) was associated with risk but "work-related drinking" (men) was not. Both "home drinking" (men) and "daytime drinking" (women) were linked to depression symptoms. Conclusion: Specific contexts appeared to be associated with problematic drinking for both sexes. Among both men and women, "social drinking" was associated with problematic drinking. Both "home drinking" (men) and "daytime drinking" (women) contexts, were associated with problematic drinking and depressive symptoms. Targeted alcohol-focused interventions need to address co-occurring mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivete Meque
- Institute for Social Science Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kim S Betts
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Caroline L Salom
- Institute for Social Science Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James G Scott
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Abdulla Mamun
- Institute for Social Science Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jake M Najman
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rosa Alati
- Institute for Social Science Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Studer J, Gmel G, Bertholet N, Marmet S, Daeppen JB. Alcohol-induced blackouts at age 20 predict the incidence, maintenance and severity of alcohol dependence at age 25: a prospective study in a sample of young Swiss men. Addiction 2019; 114:1556-1566. [PMID: 31059161 DOI: 10.1111/add.14647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alcohol-induced blackout (AIB) is a common alcohol-related adverse event occurring during teenage years. Although research provides evidence that AIB predicts acute negative consequences, less is known about the associations of AIB with chronic consequences, such as alcohol dependence (AD). This study estimated the associations between an experience of AIB at age 20 and the incidence, maintenance and severity of AD at age 25 among Swiss men. DESIGN Prospective cohort study with 5.5 years separating baseline and follow-up. SETTING Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS Swiss male drinkers (n = 5469, age 20 at baseline) drawn from the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF). MEASUREMENTS Self-report questionnaires assessing AIB, AD, alcohol (drinking volume, binge drinking), cigarette and cannabis use, several risk factors (sensation-seeking, family history of problematic alcohol use, age of first alcohol intoxication) and socio-demographic variables. FINDINGS Generalized estimating equation models with and without adjustment for risk factors, including alcohol use and socio-demographics, showed that AIB at age 20 significantly predicted the incidence of AD at age 25 in men without AD at age 20 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.52, 95% confidence interval (CI), unadjusted = 2.04, 3.11, P < 0.001; fully adjusted, OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.91, P = 0.004], maintenance of AD in men with AD at age 20 (unadjusted, OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.12, 2.95, P = 0.015; fully adjusted, OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.00, 2.76, P = 0.048] and AD severity [unadjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.69, 2.11, P < 0.001; fully adjusted, IRR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.10, 1.31, P < 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS Among Swiss men, alcohol-induced blackout at age 20 predicts the development, maintenance and severity of alcohol dependence at age 25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Studer
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Gmel
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Addiction Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicolas Bertholet
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simon Marmet
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Bernard Daeppen
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Fairlie AM, Cadigan JM, Patrick ME, Larimer ME, Lee CM. Unplanned Heavy Episodic and High-Intensity Drinking: Daily-Level Associations With Mood, Context, and Negative Consequences. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2019. [PMID: 31250798 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2019.80.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Underestimating how much one will drink has been associated with greater alcohol-related consequences. Elevated mood or drinking context may relate to drinking more than planned (or intended) among college students. The aims of the current study were to test (a) whether positive and negative mood and contextual factors on a given day were associated with the likelihood of unplanned heavy drinking (defined as unplanned heavy episodic or high-intensity drinking), and (b) whether days with unplanned heavy drinking were associated with more negative consequences. METHOD The analytic sample included 352 college students (53.4% female; 71.3% non-Hispanic White) who completed daily assessments via automated telephone interviews. Multilevel models were used to test predictors of unplanned heavy drinking (Aim 1) and predictors of consequences (Aim 2). RESULTS Almost a third (29.60%) of drinking days were unplanned heavy drinking days. Individuals with higher average positive mood across the sampled days had lower odds of unplanned heavy drinking. No significant associations were observed between negative mood and unplanned heavy drinking. Weekend days and days with special occasions were associated with lower odds of unplanned heavy drinking. Unplanned heavy drinking was associated with more negative consequences on that day. CONCLUSIONS Students were frequently not able to accurately predict the amount of alcohol they would consume on that day, which conferred an increased risk of negative consequences. Interventions could incorporate strategies that help students anticipate their alcohol consumption in order to employ protective behavioral strategies in high-risk contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Fairlie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jennifer M Cadigan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Megan E Patrick
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mary E Larimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christine M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Carlini CM, Sanchez ZM. Typology of Nightclubs in São Paulo, Brazil: Alcohol and Illegal Drug Consumption, Sexual Behavior and Violence in the Venues. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:1801-1810. [PMID: 29465282 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1435067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nightclubs are venues in which excessive alcohol use and illegal drug consumption occur in addition to other high-risk behaviors, such as violence and sexual risk behaviors. Environmental factors common in nightclubs and the personal characteristics of patrons might increase the risk of these events. To better understand the relationship between these factors, typologies were formulated that clustered nightclubs according to definite profiles to identify differences to be taken into consideration in preventive interventions. OBJECTIVES The present study aim was to construct a typology of nightclubs in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS This typology was constructed using mixed methods research through the triangulation of several data sources as follows: 307 hours of ethnographic observation at 31 nightclubs, 8 focus group sessions with nightclub patrons (n = 34) and 30 semi-structured interviews with nightclub employees. Content analysis and qualitative typology were used. RESULTS Four nightclub types were defined based on four analyzed thematic axes (Intoxicating, Violent, Dancing and Highly Sexualized nightclubs). Excessive alcohol use was detected in almost all of the investigated nightclubs, and drug use was observed in approximately one-third of them. Triangulation of the data revealed a relationship among environmental factors (especially alcohol sales strategies and promotion and the availability of areas for sex) and a more considerable presence of high-risk behaviors. CONCLUSIONS The study shows that nightclubs are settings in which high-risk behaviors are potentiated by facilitating environmental factors as well as by the lack of laws restricting excessive alcohol use stimulated by the promotion strategies applied at these venues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M Carlini
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Federal University of São Paulo , São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Zila M Sanchez
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Federal University of São Paulo , São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
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Identifying Alcohol Problems and Selected Individual and Contextual Risk Factors Among Adults in South Africa: Findings from the International Alcohol Control Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-017-9865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Gupta S, Lal R, Rao R, Mishra AK, Ambekar A. Pattern of alcohol use among problem alcohol users in a community-based setting in India: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2017.1366557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Snehil Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Lal
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravindra Rao
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Ambekar
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Marmet
- Research Department, Addiction Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Gmel
- Research Department, Addiction Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Faculty of Health and Social Care, Toronto, Canada
- Alcohol Treatment Center, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
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12
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Radaev V. Divergent drinking patterns and factors affecting homemade alcohol consumption (the case of Russia). THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2016; 34:88-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Coulter RWS, Marzell M, Saltz R, Stall R, Mair C. Sexual-orientation differences in drinking patterns and use of drinking contexts among college students. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 160:197-204. [PMID: 26827292 PMCID: PMC4767549 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests there are important sexual-orientation differences in alcohol consumption, particularly among women. Little is known about where gay/lesbian and bisexual college students drink or differences in drinking patterns derived from graduated frequency measures between heterosexual, gay/lesbian, and bisexual students. The goal of this analysis was to examine patterns of alcohol consumption-including drinking prevalence, quantity, frequency, and contexts of use-by sexual orientation. METHODS Data on sexual identity, gender, drinking behaviors, and drinking contexts were examined from repeated cross-sectional samples of undergraduate students attending 14 public California universities from 2003-2011 (n=58,903). Multivariable statistical techniques were employed to examine sexual-orientation differences stratified by gender. RESULTS Gay males, lesbians, and bisexual females were significantly more likely to report drinking alcohol in the current semester than their same-gender heterosexual peers (relative risks ranged from 1.07 to 1.10, p-values <0.01). Among current drinkers, bisexual females consumed 7 or more drinks and lesbians consumed 10 or more drinks on significantly more days than heterosexual females. On the other hand, gay male drinkers consumed 8 or more drinks on significantly fewer days than heterosexual male drinkers. Compared to their same-gender heterosexual peers: lesbian/gay and bisexual students drank less frequently at Greek parties (incidence rate ratios [IRRs] ranged from 0.52 to 0.73, p-values <0.01); lesbians (IRR=0.84, p=0.043) and bisexual males (IRR=0.82, p=0.009) drank less frequently at off-campus parties; and gay males drank more frequently outdoors (IRR=1.63, p<0.001) and at bars/restaurants (IRR=1.21, p=0.013). CONCLUSIONS Alcohol prevention programs and future research should consider sexual-orientation differences in drinking patterns and use of drinking contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W S Coulter
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States; Center for LGBT Health Research, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States.
| | - Miesha Marzell
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa,145 N. Riverside Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Robert Saltz
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, 180 Grand Avenue, Oakland, CA 94612, United States
| | - Ron Stall
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States; Center for LGBT Health Research, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Christina Mair
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
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Seid AK, Grittner U, Greenfield TK, Bloomfield K. To Cause Harm and to be Harmed by Others: New Perspectives on Alcohol's Harms to Others. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2015; 9:13-22. [PMID: 26512203 PMCID: PMC4603526 DOI: 10.4137/sart.s23506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine how sociodemographic factors and alcohol consumption are related to a four-way typology of causing harm to others and/or being harmed by others’ and one’s own drinking. DATA AND METHODS Data from the 2011 Danish national survey (n = 2,569) were analyzed with multi nomial logistic regression. RESULTS Younger age and heavy drinking were significant correlates of both causing harm and being harmed. Women and better educated respondents were more likely to report negative effects on relationship and family from another’s drinking. Better educated respondents had higher risks for work, financial, or injury harms from another’s drinking. Mean alcohol consumption and risky single occasion drinking were related to both causing harm and being harmed from one’s own drinking. CONCLUSIONS Drinking variables were the strongest correlates of causing harm and being harmed. Efforts to reduce risky drinking may also help reduce exposures to collateral harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdu K Seid
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, University of Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulrike Grittner
- Institute for Biometrics and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Kim Bloomfield
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, University of Aarhus, Denmark ; Institute for Biometrics and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Germany ; Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
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Coulter RW, Blosnich JR, Bukowski LA, Herrick AL, Siconolfi DE, Stall RD. Differences in alcohol use and alcohol-related problems between transgender- and nontransgender-identified young adults. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 154. [PMID: 26210734 PMCID: PMC4536098 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about differences in alcohol use and alcohol-related problems between transgender- and nontransgender-identified populations. Using data from a large-scale health survey, we compare the drinking patterns and prevalence of alcohol-related problems of transgender-identified individuals to nontransgender-identified males and females. For transgender-identified people, we examine how various forms of victimization relate to heavy episodic drinking (HED). METHODS Cross-sectional surveys were completed by 75,192 students aged 18-29 years attending 120 post-secondary educational institutions in the United States from 2011 to 2013. Self-reported measures included alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, victimization, and sociodemographics, including 3 gender-identity groups: transgender-identified individuals; nontransgender-identified males; and nontransgender-identified females. RESULTS Compared to transgender-identified individuals, nontransgender-identified males were more likely to report HED in the past 2 weeks (relative risk=1.42; p=0.006); however, nontransgender-identified males and females reported HED on fewer days than transgender-identified people (incidence-rate ratios [IRRs] ranged from 0.28 to 0.43; p-values<0.001). Compared to transgender-identified people, nontransgender-identified males and females had lower odds of past-year alcohol-related sexual assault and suicidal ideation (odds ratios ranged from 0.24 to 0.45; p-values<0.05). Among transgender-identified people, individuals who were sexually assaulted (IRR=3.21, p=0.011) or verbally threatened (IRR=2.42, p=0.021) in the past year had greater HED days than those who did not experience those forms of victimization. CONCLUSIONS Compared to transgender-identified people, nontransgender-identified males and females: have fewer HED occasions (despite nontransgender-identified males having greater prevalence of HED); and are at lower risk for alcohol-related sexual assaults and suicidal ideation. Experiences of sexual assault and verbal threats are associated with greater HED occasions for transgender-identified people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W.S. Coulter
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh,130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15261
| | - John R. Blosnich
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh,130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15261,Department of Veterans Affairs, Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, University Drive C (151C-U), Building 30, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15240
| | - Leigh A. Bukowski
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh,130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15261
| | - A. L. Herrick
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh,130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15261
| | - Daniel E. Siconolfi
- Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
| | - Ron D. Stall
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh,130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15261
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Gmel G, Akre C, Astudillo M, Bähler C, Baggio S, Bertholet N, Clair C, Cornuz J, Daeppen JB, Deline S, Dermota P, Dey M, Dupuis M, Estévez N, Foster S, Gaume J, Haug S, Henchoz Y, Kuendig H, Mohler-Kuo M, N’Goran A, Schaub M, Studer J, Suris JC, Wang J. The Swiss Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors – Findings of two Waves. SUCHT-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR WISSENSCHAFT UND PRAXIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1024/0939-5911.a000380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Aim: To summarize published findings in peer-reviewed journals of the first two waves of the Swiss Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF), a longitudinal study assessing risk and protective factors of 5,987 young men during the phase of emerging adulthood (20 years at baseline, followed-up 15 months later). Methods: Included were 33 studies published until November 2014 focusing on substance use. Results: Substance use in early adulthood is a prevalent and stable behavior. The 12-month prevalence of nonmedical use of prescription drugs (10.6 %) lies between that of cannabis (36.4 %) and other illicit drugs such as ecstasy (3.7 %) and cocaine (3.2 %). Although peer pressure in the form of misconduct is associated with increased substance use, other aspects such as peer involvement in social activities may have beneficial effects. Regular sport activities are associated with reduced substance use, with the exception of alcohol use. Young men are susceptible to structural conditions such as the price of alcohol beverages or the density of on-premise alcohol outlets. Particularly alcohol use in public settings such as bars, discos or in parks (compared with private settings such as the home) is associated with alcohol-related harm, including injuries or violence. Being a single parent versus nuclear family has no effect on alcohol use, but active parenting does. Besides parenting, religiousness is an important protective factor for both legal and illegal substance use. Merely informing young men about the risks of substance use may not be an effective preventive measure. At-risk users of licit and illicit substances are more health literate, e. g., for example, they seek out more information on the internet than non-at-risk-users or abstainers. Discussion: There are a number of risk and protective substance use factors, but their associations with substance use do not necessarily agree with those found outside Europe. In the United States, for example, heavy alcohol use in this age group commonly takes place in private settings, whereas in Switzerland it more often takes place in public settings. Other behaviors, such as the nonmedical use of prescription drugs, appear to be similar to those found overseas, which may show the need for targeted preventive actions. C-SURF findings point to the necessity of establishing European studies to identify factors for designing specific preventive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Gmel
- Addiction Switzerland, Lausanne
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario
- University of the West of England, Bristol
| | - Christina Akre
- Research Group on Adolescent Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne
| | | | - Caroline Bähler
- Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Insurance Group, Zurich
| | - Stéphanie Baggio
- Life Course and Inequality Research Centre, University of Lausanne
| | - Nicolas Bertholet
- Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne
| | - Carole Clair
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne
| | - Jacques Cornuz
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne
| | | | - Stéphane Deline
- Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne
| | | | - Michelle Dey
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marc Dupuis
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne
| | - Natalia Estévez
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich
| | - Simon Foster
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich
| | - Jacques Gaume
- Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne
| | - Severin Haug
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, Zurich
| | - Yves Henchoz
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University of Lausanne Hospital Centre, Lausanne
| | | | - Meichun Mohler-Kuo
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich
| | - Alexandra N’Goran
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne
| | - Michael Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, Zurich
| | - Joseph Studer
- Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne
| | - Joan-Carles Suris
- Research Group on Adolescent Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne
| | - Jen Wang
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich
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