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Liu X, Liu H, Wu X, Zhao Z, Wang S, Wang H, Qin X. Xiaoyaosan against depression through suppressing LPS mediated TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway in "microbiota-gut-brain" axis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118683. [PMID: 39121928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Depression impairs not only central nervous system, but also peripheral systems of the host. Gut microbiota have been proved to be involved in the pathogenesis of depression. Xiaoyaosan (XYS) has a history of over a thousand years in China for treating depression, dramatically alleviating anxiety, cognitive disorders, and especially gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Yet, it still just scratches the surface of the anti-depression mechanisms of XYS. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of actions of XYS from the perspective of "microbiota-gut-brain" axis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We firstly evaluated the effects of XYS on the macroscopic behaviors of depressed rats that induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Secondly, the effects of XYS on intestinal homeostasis of depressed rats were revealed by using dysbacteriosis model. Subsequently, the underlying mechanisms were demonstrated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology and molecular biology methods. Finally, correlation analysis and visualization of the anti-depression effects of XYS were performed from the "microbiota - gut - brain" perspective. RESULTS Our data indicated that XYS ameliorated the depression-like symptoms of CUMS rats, partly depending on the presence of gut microbiota. Furthermore, we illustrated that XYS reversed CUMS-induced gut dysbiosis of depressed rats in terms of decreasing the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and the abundances of Bacteroides, and Corynebacterium, while increasing the abundances of Lactobacillus and Adlercreutzia. The significant enrichment of Bacteroides and the level of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) suggested that depression damaged the immune responses and gut barrier. Mechanistically, XYS significantly down-regulated the expression levels of factors that involved in TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway in the colon and brain tissues of depressed rats. In addition, XYS significantly increased the levels of claudin 1 and ZO-1, showing that XYS positively maintained the integrity of gut and blood-brain barriers (BBB). CONCLUSION Our study offers insights into the anti-depression effects of XYS through a lens of "microbiota-TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway-barriers", providing a foundation for enhancing clinical efficiency and enriching drug selection, and contributing to our understanding of the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Huimin Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Ziyu Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Senyan Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
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Chen X, Mo X, Zhang Y, He D, Xiao R, Cheng Q, Wang H, Liu L, Li WW, Xie P. A comprehensive analysis of the differential expression in the hippocampus of depression induced by gut microbiota compared to traditional stress. Gene 2024; 927:148633. [PMID: 38838871 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Depression, which is a disease of heterogeneous etiology, is characterized by high disability and mortality rates. Gut microbiota are associated with the development of depression. To further explore any differences in the mechanisms of depression induced by gut microbiota and traditional stresses, as well as facilitate the development of microbiota-based interventions, a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) depression model was made. This was achieved by transplanting feces from major depressive disorder (MDD) patients into germ-free mice. Second, the mechanisms of the depression induced by gut microbiota were analyzed in comparison with those of the depression caused by different forms of stress. It turned out that mice exhibited depressive-like behavior after FMT. Then, PCR array analysis was performed on the hippocampus of the depressed mice to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The KEGG analysis revealed that the pathways of depression induced by gut microbes are closely associated with immuno-inflammation. To determine the pathogenic pathways of physiological stress and psychological stress-induced depression, raw data was extracted from several databases and KEGG analysis was performed. The results from the analysis revealed that the mechanisms of depression induced by physiological and psychological stress are closely related to the regulation of neurotransmitters and energy metabolism. Interestingly, the immunoinflammatory response was distinct across different etiologies that induced depression. The findings showed that gut microbiota dysbiosis-induced depression was mainly associated with adaptive immunity, while physiological stress-induced depression was more linked to innate immunity. This study compared the pathogenesis of depression caused by gut microbiota dysbiosis, and physiological and psychological stress. We explored new intervention methods for depression and laid the foundation for precise treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaolong Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yangdong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dian He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qisheng Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Wen-Wen Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China.
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Yu M, Cai CC, Huang YF, Zhu YD, Luo XY, Kong XY, Zhang WT, Li HJ, Fang JX, Zou ZM. A novel antidepressant homogeneous polysaccharide YLP-1 from Millettia pulchra ameliorates tryptophan metabolism and SCFAs through modulating gut microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 344:122527. [PMID: 39218534 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The root of Millettia pulchra (YLS) has been traditionally used as a folk medicine for the treatment of depression and insomnia in the Zhuang nationality of China, and its polysaccharides have potential antidepressant effect. In this study, a novel homogeneous polysaccharide (YLP-1) was purified from the crude polysaccharides of YLS, and it is mainly composed of glucose, arabinose and mannose with molar ratio of 87.25%, 10.77%, and 1.98%, respectively. YLP-1 is a novel α-glucan with the backbone of 1,4-Glcp and branched at C6 of 1,4,6-Glcp to combine 1,4-Manp and 1,5-Araf. The microstructure of YLP-1 displayed a uniform ellipsoidal-like chain morphology and dispersed uniformly in solution. YLP-1 effectively ameliorated depression-like ethological behaviors and restored the decreased catecholamine levels in chronic variable stress (CVS)-induced depression rats. Additionally, it significantly improved the disturbance of gut microbiota induced by CVS stimuli, particularly affecting bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as bacteria species Lactobacillus spp.. In vitro fermentation study further confirmed that YLP-1 intake could promote SCFAs production by Lactobacillus spp. YLP-1 also mitigated the disruption of tryptophan metabolites in urine and serum. These findings provide evidences for the further development of YLP-1 as a macromolecular antidepressant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cong-Cong Cai
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun-Feng Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Yin-Di Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xin-Yao Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin-Yu Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jing-Xian Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Li R, Fu R, Yang WM, Cui ZQ, Liang XJ, Yang JB, Liu L, Tan QR, Peng ZW. Acute treatment of bilateral rTMS combined with antidepressants on the plasma fatty acids for major depressive episodes. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149125. [PMID: 39025398 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (B-rTMS) has been largely used in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Nonetheless, information on the acute treatment by B-rTMS combined with antidepressants (ADs) on the plasma fatty acids in MDD is limited. The present study focused on depressive symptoms; Plasma was obtained from 27 adult patients with MDD at baselinephase (MDD), after 2 weeks of treatment (MDD-2w), and 27 healthy controls (HC). Meanwhile, we evaluated the composition of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and medium-and long-chain fatty acids (MLCFAs) in the plasma. Consequently, the levels of Isobutyric acid, Caproic acid, and Propionic acid were low both in the MDD and MDD-2w groups and negatively correlated with the scores of HAMD and HAMA. Besides, minimal changes were observed between the MDD and HC groups, whereas significant MLCFA levels were high in the MDD-2w group. Moreover, we developed combined panels that could effectively differentiate MDD from HCs (AUC=0.99), MDD-2w from HC (AUC=0.983), and MDD from MDD-2w (AUC=0.852). These findings may provide a reference for the use of B-rTMS combined with ADs against the acute phase of depressive episodes and shed light on the relationship between plasma FAs and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Rui Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Wen-Mao Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Quan Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Xue-Jun Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China; Mental Diseases Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chinese PLA, No. 988 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Jiaozuo, Henan Province 454003, PR China.
| | - Jia-Bin Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Ling Liu
- Military Medical Innovation Center, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Qing-Rong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Zheng-Wu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
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Jian W, Ma H, Hu Y, Zhang Q, Xu J, Jiang J, Zhu G, Gong Y. Oltipraz attenuated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibiting the oxidative stress and ferroptosis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112800. [PMID: 39096875 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Oltipraz (OPZ) is a synthetic dithiolethione and is considered a novel activator of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Increasing evidence indicates that Nrf2 protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by antagonizing ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation. However, the protective effects of OPZ on cerebral I/R injury remain to be elucidated. We investigated the in vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effects of OPZ. Mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) to construct an in vivo model and PC12 cells were exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to establish an in vitro model. OPZ administration reduced the infarct volume and brain water content, and alleviated the neurological deficit of MCAO/R mice. Moreover, OPZ ameliorated MCAO/R-induced oxidative stress by decreasing the levels of 4-HNE and MDA and increasing the activities of SOD and GSH. We also found that OPZ ameliorated MCAO/R-induced ferroptosis by increasing SLC7A11 and GPX4 protein expression and downregulating ACSL4 protein expression. Similarly, the in vitro results revealed that OGD/R-induced oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Finally, mechanistic analysis revealed that OPZ significantly upregulated the Nrf2 expression and Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2 KO) abolished the OPZ-mediated protective effects. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that OPZ ameliorates cerebral I/R injury by suppressing the oxidative stress and ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Jian
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, China Three Gorges University, China; Yichang Central People's Hospital, Hubei, China
| | - Huigai Ma
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, China; Yichang Central People's Hospital, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Hu
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, China Three Gorges University, China; Yichang Central People's Hospital, Hubei, China
| | - Qingyun Zhang
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, China Three Gorges University, China; Yichang Central People's Hospital, Hubei, China
| | - Jinfei Xu
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, China Three Gorges University, China; Yichang Central People's Hospital, Hubei, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, China Three Gorges University, China; Yichang Central People's Hospital, Hubei, China
| | - Guohong Zhu
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, China; Yichang Central People's Hospital, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Gong
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, China Three Gorges University, China; Yichang Central People's Hospital, Hubei, China.
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Rahangdale S, Deshmukh P, Sammeta S, Aglawe M, Kale M, Umekar M, Kotagale N, Taksande B. Agmatine modulation of gut-brain axis alleviates dysbiosis-induced depression-like behavior in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 981:176884. [PMID: 39134294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a global health concern affecting nearly 280 million individuals. It not only imposes a significant burden on economies and healthcare systems but also manifests complex physiological connections and consequences. Agmatine, a putative neuromodulator derived primarily from beneficial gut microbes specially Lactobacillus, has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for mental health. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is involved in the development of depression through the peripheral nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system and may be a key factor in the effect of agmatine. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of agmatine in antibiotic-induced dysbiosis and depression-like behavior in rats, focusing on its modulation of the gut-brain axis. Depression-like behavior associated with dysbiosis was induced through a seven-day regimen of the broad-spectrum antibiotic, comprising ampicillin and metronidazole and validated through microbial, biochemical, and behavioral alterations. On day 8, antibiotic-treated rats exhibited loose fecal consistency, altered fecal microbiota, and depression-like behavior in forced swim test. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were elevated, while agmatine and monoamine levels decreased in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Antibiotic administration disrupted tight junction proteins in the ileum, affecting gut architecture. Oral administration of agmatine alone or combined with probiotics significantly reversed antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, restoring gut microbiota and mitigating depression-like behaviors. This intervention also restored neuro-inflammatory markers, increased agmatine and monoamine levels, and preserved gut integrity. The study highlights the regulatory role of endogenous agmatine in the gut-brain axis in broad-spectrum antibiotic induced dysbiosis and associated depression-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Rahangdale
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Nagpur, M.S., 441 002, India
| | - Pankaj Deshmukh
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Nagpur, M.S., 441 002, India
| | - Shivkumar Sammeta
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Nagpur, M.S., 441 002, India
| | - Manish Aglawe
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Nagpur, M.S., 441 002, India
| | - Mayur Kale
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Nagpur, M.S., 441 002, India
| | - Milind Umekar
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Nagpur, M.S., 441 002, India
| | - Nandkishor Kotagale
- Government College of Pharmacy, Kathora Naka, VMV Road, Amravati, M.S., 44604, India
| | - Brijesh Taksande
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Nagpur, M.S., 441 002, India.
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Spencer KD, Bline H, Chen HJ, Verosky BG, Hilt ME, Jaggers RM, Gur TL, Mathé EA, Bailey MT. Modulation of anxiety-like behavior in galactooligosaccharide-fed mice: A potential role for bacterial tryptophan metabolites and reduced microglial reactivity. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 121:229-243. [PMID: 39067620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Prebiotic galactooligosaccharides (GOS) reduce anxiety-like behaviors in mice and humans. However, the biological pathways behind these behavioral changes are not well understood. To begin to study these pathways, we utilized C57BL/6 mice that were fed a standard diet with or without GOS supplementation for 3 weeks prior to testing on the open field. After behavioral testing, colonic contents and serum were collected for bacteriome (16S rRNA gene sequencing, colonic contents only) and metabolome (UPLC-MS, colonic contents and serum data) analyses. As expected, GOS significantly reduced anxiety-like behavior (i.e., increased time in the center) and decreased cytokine gene expression (Tnfa and Ccl2) in the prefrontal cortex. Notably, time in the center of the open field was significantly correlated with serum methyl-indole-3-acetic acid (methyl-IAA). This metabolite is a methylated form of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) that is derived from bacterial metabolism of tryptophan. Sequencing analyses showed that GOS significantly increased Lachnospiraceae UCG006 and Akkermansia; these taxa are known to metabolize both GOS and tryptophan. To determine the extent to which methyl-IAA can affect anxiety-like behavior, mice were intraperitoneally injected with methyl-IAA. Mice given methyl-IAA had a reduction in anxiety-like behavior in the open field, along with lower Tnfa in the prefrontal cortex. Methyl-IAA was also found to reduce TNF-α (as well as CCL2) production by LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia. Together, these data support a novel pathway through which GOS reduces anxiety-like behaviors in mice and suggests that the bacterial metabolite methyl-IAA reduces microglial cytokine and chemokine production, which in turn reduces anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Spencer
- Graduate Partnership Program, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Heather Bline
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Helen J Chen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Branden G Verosky
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Miranda E Hilt
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Robert M Jaggers
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tamar L Gur
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ewy A Mathé
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Michael T Bailey
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Oral and GI Research Affinity Group, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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8
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Que M, Li S, Xia Q, Li X, Luo X, Zhan G, Luo A. Microbiota-gut-brain axis in perioperative neurocognitive and depressive disorders: Pathogenesis to treatment. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 200:106627. [PMID: 39111702 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of people undergo anesthesia and surgery. Perioperative neurocognitive and depressive disorders are common central nervous system complications with similar pathogeneses. These conditions pose a deleterious threat to human health and a significant societal burden. In recent years, numerous studies have focused on the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the central nervous system via the gut-brain axis. Its involvement in perioperative neurocognitive and depressive disorders has attracted considerable attention. This review aimed to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of perioperative neurocognitive and depressive disorders, as well as the value of targeted interventions and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Que
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Luo
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gaofeng Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ailin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Zhang J, Xin H, Wang W, Li Y, Wu R, Wei L, Su S, Wang X, Wang X, Wang X, Li L, Hu R. Investigating the modulatory effects of lactoferrin on depressed rats through 16S rDNA gene sequencing and LC-MS metabolomics analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22111. [PMID: 39333605 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72793-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin is a natural multifunctional glycoprotein with potential antidepressant-like effects. However, the mechanism of its antidepressant effect has not been explored from the perspective of gut flora metabolism. Therefore, we employed both 16S rDNA gene sequencing and LC-MS metabolomics analysis to investigate the regulatory effects and mechanisms of lactoferrin in a rat model of depression. After one week of acclimatization, twenty-four 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally assigned into three groups: the control group, the model group, and the lactoferrin intervention group. The control group rats were housed under standard conditions, while the rats in the model and lactoferrin intervention groups were individually housed and exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress for 44 days simultaneously. The lactoferrin intervention group was provided with water containing 2% lactoferrin (2 g/100 ml). Behavioural tests were conducted at week 7. Upon completion of the behavioral tests, the rats were anesthetized with isoflurane, humanely euthanized using a rat guillotine, and tissue samples were collected for further experiments. The results indicated that lactoferrin intervention led to an increase in sucrose solution consumption, horizontal movement distance, number of cross platforms, and residence time in the target quadrant. Additionally, it resulted in an increase in jejunal tight junction protein ZO-1 expression and a suppression of serum expression of inflammatory factors, Lipopolysaccharide and Diamine oxidase. In summary, lactoferrin can regulate the metabolic disorder of intestinal flora, reduce intestinal permeability, and further regulate the metabolic balance of hippocampal tissues through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This process ultimately alleviates the depression-like behavior in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Hongmei Xin
- College of Humanities Education , Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Wuji Wang
- Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital/Wuhan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanyi Li
- School of Nursing,Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Riga Wu
- Mongolian Medicine College , Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Lisi Wei
- Mongolian Medicine College , Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Si Su
- Mongolian Medicine College , Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Li Li
- Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China.
| | - Rilebagen Hu
- Mongolian Medicine College , Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China.
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Mihailovich M, Soković Bajić S, Dinić M, Đokić J, Živković M, Radojević D, Golić N. Cutting-Edge iPSC-Based Approaches in Studying Host-Microbe Interactions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10156. [PMID: 39337640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota (GM), together with its metabolites (such as SCFA, tryptophan, dopamine, GABA, etc.), plays an important role in the functioning of the central nervous system. Various neurological and psychiatric disorders are associated with changes in the composition of GM and their metabolites, which puts them in the foreground as a potential adjuvant therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this relationship are not clear enough. Therefore, before considering beneficial microbes and/or their metabolites as potential therapeutics for brain disorders, the mechanisms underlying microbiota-host interactions must be identified and characterized in detail. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of GM alterations observed in prevalent neurological and psychiatric disorders, multiple sclerosis, major depressive disorder, Alzheimer's disease, and autism spectrum disorders, together with experimental evidence of their potential to improve patients' quality of life. We further discuss the main obstacles in the study of GM-host interactions and describe the state-of-the-art solution and trends in this field, namely "culturomics" which enables the culture and identification of novel bacteria that inhabit the human gut, and models of the gut and blood-brain barrier as well as the gut-brain axis based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC derivatives, thus pursuing a personalized medicine agenda for neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Mihailovich
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
- Human Technopole, Palazzo Italia, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini, 1, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Svetlana Soković Bajić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Dinić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Đokić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Živković
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Radojević
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Golić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
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Ye Z, Yu S, Yang Y, Li S, Li S, Ma R, Fu W, Li X, Luo D. Association of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics or yogurt supplement with prevalence and all-cause mortality of depression: NHANES 2005-2016. J Affect Disord 2024; 368:547-554. [PMID: 39299595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of studies revealed that enteric dysbacteriosis could result in depression via the "gut-microbiota-brain axis" (GMBA). Whether probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics supplements could lessen the risk of depression is a topic attracting attention. This research was conducted to evaluate the relationship between probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, or yogurt supplements and depression with large cross-sectional data. METHODS All data in our research was sourced from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005-2016). Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and yogurt supplements were identified using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Dietary Supplement Use 30-Day (DSQ). We employed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for evaluating depression. Logistic regression and the Kaplan-Meier curve were performed to examine the correlation between the supplements and depression, as well as mortality. RESULTS A total of 17,745 adult participants were selected. The participants who supplemented probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, or yogurt products in the last 30 days showed a significantly lower depression rate compared with those who didn't. Specifically, the supplements could alleviate depressive symptoms including sad, anhedonia, sleep problems, fatigue, appetite changes, and psychomotor changes. This association was more prominent in specific populations such as the population aged 40-60 years, male, whites. The supplements also show more significant effects on increasing survival rates in patients with mild depression. LIMITATION Cross-sectional analysis reveals correlative but not causative association. CONCLUSION Based on the analysis of NHANES data, our research highlights the positive effect the supplements have on preventing depression, relieving depressive symptoms and increasing survival rates. This effect varied across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Ye
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shiyao Yu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yunxiang Yang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shumin Li
- Liuzhou Workers' Hospital, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou 545000, China
| | - Sheng Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Rui Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wenbin Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiangguang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ding Luo
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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12
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Pan Y, Xiang L, Zhu T, Wang H, Xu Q, Liao F, He J, Wang Y. Prefrontal cortex astrocytes in major depressive disorder: exploring pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00109-024-02487-9. [PMID: 39276178 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness, affecting millions globally. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying MDD remain elusive, necessitating comprehensive investigations. Our study integrates transcriptomic analysis, functional assays, and computational modeling to explore the molecular landscape of MDD, focusing on the DLPFC. We identify key genomic alterations and co-expression modules associated with MDD, highlighting potential therapeutic targets. Functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses emphasize the role of astrocytes in MDD progression. Machine learning is employed to develop a predictive model for MDD risk assessment. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses provide insights into cell type-specific expression patterns, particularly regarding astrocytes. We have identified significant genomic alterations and co-expression modules associated with MDD in the DLPFC. Key genes involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways, notably in astrocytes, have been highlighted. Additionally, we developed a predictive model for MDD risk assessment based on selected key genes. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses underscored the role of astrocytes in MDD. Virtual screening of compounds targeting GPR37L1, KCNJ10, and PPP1R3C proteins has identified potential therapeutic candidates. In summary, our comprehensive approach enhances the understanding of MDD's molecular underpinnings and offers promising opportunities for advancing therapeutic interventions, ultimately aiming to alleviate the burden of this debilitating mental health condition. KEY MESSAGES: Our investigation furnishes insightful revelations concerning the dysregulation of astrocyte-associated processes in MDD. We have pinpointed specific genes, namely KCNJ10, PPP1R3C, and GPR37L1, as potential candidates warranting further exploration and therapeutic intervention. We incorporate a virtual screening of small molecule compounds targeting KCNJ10, PPP1R3C, and GPR37L1, presenting a promising trajectory for drug discovery in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarui Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Lan Xiang
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Qi Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Faxue Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China.
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Xinzhan District, No. 100 Huaihai Avenue, Hefei, 230000, China.
| | - Juan He
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Yongquan Wang
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Xinzhan District, No. 100 Huaihai Avenue, Hefei, 230000, China.
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13
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Boustany A, Feuerstadt P, Tillotson G. The 3 Ds: Depression, Dysbiosis, and Clostridiodes difficile. Adv Ther 2024:10.1007/s12325-024-02972-0. [PMID: 39276186 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
This paper explores the intricate relationship between depression, gut dysbiosis, and Clostridioides difficile infections, collectively termed "The 3 Ds". Depression is a widespread mental disorder increasing in prevalence. It is recognized for its societal burden and complex pathophysiology, encompassing genetic, environmental, and microbiome-related factors. The consequent increased use of antidepressants has led to growing concerns about their effects on the gut microbiome. Various classes of antidepressants and antipsychotics show antimicrobial activity, potentially leading to shifts in the gut microbiome and contributing to the development of dysbiosis. Dysbiosis, in turn, can predispose individuals to opportunistic infections like C. difficile, a significant healthcare concern due to its high recurrence rates and severe impact on patients' quality of life. Further, the link between antidepressant use and an increased risk of C. difficile infection (CDI) is explored and, finally, the emergence of live biotherapeutic products as novel treatment options for recurrent CDI is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Boustany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paul Feuerstadt
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- PACT-Gastroenterology Center, Hamden, CT, USA
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14
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White SW, Callahan H, Smith SJ, Padilla FM. Fluoxetine attenuates the anxiolytic effects of the probiotic VSL#3 in a stress-vulnerable genetic line of aves in the chick social-separation stress test, a dual screening assay. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 245:173880. [PMID: 39277109 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders represent one of the most common and debilitating illnesses worldwide. However, the development of novel therapeutics for anxiety disorders has lagged compared to other mental illnesses. A growing body of research suggests the gut microbiota plays a role in the etiopathology of anxiety disorders and may, therefore, serve as a novel target for their treatment through the use of probiotics. The use of dietary supplements like probiotics is increasing and their interaction with pharmacotherapies is not well understood. Utilizing the chick social-separation stress test, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the commercially-available multi-strain probiotic found in VSL#3 for potential anxiolytic-like and/or antidepressant-like effects in the stress-vulnerable Black Australorp genetic line. A secondary aim was to evaluate the interaction between probiotics and the SSRI fluoxetine. Animals were treated with either saline, probiotics, fluoxetine, or probiotics + fluoxetine for 8 days prior to exposure to a 90-min isolation stressor that produces both a panic-like (i.e., anxiety-like) state followed by a state of behavioral despair (i.e., depression-like). The 8-day probiotic regimen produced anxiolytic-like effects but did not attenuate behavioral despair. Fluoxetine failed to significantly alter behavior in either of the two phases. Moreover, the combination of fluoxetine with probiotics attenuated the anxiolytic-like effects of probiotics. The fluoxetine + probiotics combination had no effect on behavioral despair. The results of the current study align with other preclinical studies and some clinical trials suggesting probiotics may offer beneficial effects on anxiety. Investigations examining the anxiolytic-like mechanism of probiotics are needed before any conclusions can be made. Additionally, as the use of probiotics becomes more popular, research on the interactions between probiotic-microbiota and psychotropic medications is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W White
- Department of Psychology & Philosophy, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA.
| | - Haylie Callahan
- Department of Psychology & Philosophy, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA
| | - Sequioa J Smith
- University of Florida, Department of Neuroscience, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Felicia M Padilla
- Department of Psychology & Philosophy, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA
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15
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Camarini R, Marianno P, Hanampa-Maquera M, Oliveira SDS, Câmara NOS. Prenatal Stress and Ethanol Exposure: Microbiota-Induced Immune Dysregulation and Psychiatric Risks. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9776. [PMID: 39337263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Changes in maternal gut microbiota due to stress and/or ethanol exposure can have lasting effects on offspring's health, particularly regarding immunity, inflammation response, and susceptibility to psychiatric disorders. The literature search for this review was conducted using PubMed and Scopus, employing keywords and phrases related to maternal stress, ethanol exposure, gut microbiota, microbiome, gut-brain axis, diet, dysbiosis, progesterone, placenta, prenatal development, immunity, inflammation, and depression to identify relevant studies in both preclinical and human research. Only a limited number of reviews were included to support the arguments. The search encompassed studies from the 1990s to the present. This review begins by exploring the role of microbiota in modulating host health and disease. It then examines how disturbances in maternal microbiota can affect the offspring's immune system. The analysis continues by investigating the interplay between stress and dysbiosis, focusing on how prenatal maternal stress influences both maternal and offspring microbiota and its implications for susceptibility to depression. The review also considers the impact of ethanol consumption on gut dysbiosis, with an emphasis on the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on both maternal and offspring microbiota. Finally, it is suggested that maternal gut microbiota dysbiosis may be significantly exacerbated by the combined effects of stress and ethanol exposure, leading to immune system dysfunction and chronic inflammation, which could increase the risk of depression in the offspring. These interactions underscore the potential for novel mental health interventions that address the gut-brain axis, especially in relation to maternal and offspring health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Camarini
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Marianno
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Maylin Hanampa-Maquera
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Samuel Dos Santos Oliveira
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
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16
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Govender P, Ghai M. Population-specific differences in the human microbiome: Factors defining the diversity. Gene 2024; 933:148923. [PMID: 39244168 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Differences in microbial communities at different body habitats define the microbiome composition of the human body. The gut, oral, skin vaginal fluid and tissue microbiome, are pivotal for human development and immune response and cross talk between these microbiomes is evident. Population studies reveal that various factors, such as host genetics, diet, lifestyle, aging, and geographical location are strongly associated with population-specific microbiome differences. The present review discusses the factors that shape microbiome diversity in humans, and microbiome differences in African, Asian and Caucasian populations. Gut microbiome studies show that microbial species Bacteroides is commonly found in individuals living in Western countries (Caucasian populations), while Prevotella is prevalent in non-Western countries (African and Asian populations). This association is mainly due to the high carbohydrate, high fat diet in western countries in contrast to high fibre, low fat diets in African/ Asian regions. Majority of the microbiome studies focus on the bacteriome component; however, interesting findings reveal that increased bacteriophage richness, which makes up the virome component, correlates with decreased bacterial diversity, and causes microbiome dysbiosis. An increase of Caudovirales (bacteriophages) is associated with a decrease in enteric bacteria in inflammatory bowel diseases. Future microbiome studies should evaluate the interrelation between bacteriome and virome to fully understand their significance in the pathogenesis and progression of human diseases. With ethnic health disparities becoming increasingly apparent, studies need to emphasize on the association of population-specific microbiome differences and human diseases, to develop microbiome-based therapeutics. Additionally, targeted phage therapy is emerging as an attractive alternative to antibiotics for bacterial infections. With rapid rise in microbiome research, focus should be on standardizing protocols, advanced bioinformatics tools, and reducing sequencing platform related biases. Ultimately, integration of multi-omics data (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) will lead to precision models for personalized microbiome therapeutics advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Govender
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa
| | - Meenu Ghai
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa.
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Strodl E, Bambling M, Parnam S, Ritchie G, Cramb S, Vitetta L. Probiotics and magnesium orotate for the treatment of major depressive disorder: a randomised double blind controlled trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20841. [PMID: 39242786 PMCID: PMC11379959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Following on from our pilot studies, this study aimed to test the efficacy of a combination of probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Streptococcus thermophilus), magnesium orotate and coenzyme 10 for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) through a double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial. The participants were 120 adults diagnosed with MDD randomised to daily oral administration, over 8 weeks, of either the intervention or placebo, with a 16-week follow-up period. Intent-to-treat analysis found a significantly lower frequency of the presence of a major depressive episode in the intervention group compared with placebo at the end of the 8-week treatment phase, with no difference between the two conditions at 8-week follow-up. Both the categorical and continuous measure of depressive symptoms showed a significant difference between the two conditions at 4 weeks, but not 8 and 16 weeks. The secondary end-point was demonstrated with an overall reduction in self-rated symptoms of anxiety and stress in the active treatment group compared with placebo. These findings suggest that the combination of probiotics, magnesium orotate and coenzyme 10 may be an effective treatment of MDD over an 8-week period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esben Strodl
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Matthew Bambling
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sophie Parnam
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Ritchie
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanna Cramb
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Luis Vitetta
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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18
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Jin W, Li B, Wang L, Zhu L, Chai S, Hou R. The causal association between gut microbiota and postpartum depression: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1415237. [PMID: 39286351 PMCID: PMC11402819 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1415237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background An escalating body of clinical trials and observational studies hints at a plausible link between gut flora and postpartum depression (PPD). The definitive causal dynamics between these two entities remain shrouded in ambiguity. Therefore, in this study, we employed the two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to ascertain the causal link between gut microbiota and PPD. Methods Summary-level GWAS data related to the human gut microbiota were obtained from the international consortium MiBioGen and the Dutch Microbiome Project (species). For PPD, GWAS data were derived from the FinnGen biobank, consisting 57,604 cases and 596,601 controls. The inverse variance weighted method (IVW) as the cornerstone of our analytical approach. Subsequent to this, a comprehensive suite of tests for pleiotropy and heterogeneity were conducted to ensure the reliability and robustness of our findings. Results We identified 12 bacterial taxa associated with the risk of PPD. Veillonellaceae, Ruminococcaceae UCG 011, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Paraprevotella clara, Clostridium leptum, Eubacterium siraeum, Coprococcus catus exhibited an inversely associated with the risk of PPD. Alphaproteobacteria, Roseburia, FamilyXIIIAD3011group, Alistipes onderdonkii, Bilophila wadsworthia showed a positive correlation with the risk of PPD. Limitations The GWAS data derived from the MiBioGen consortium, DMP, and FinnGen consortium, may introduce selection bias. Moreover, the data primarily originates from European populations, hence extrapolating these results to diverse populations should be approached with caution. The etiological factors behind PPD remain enigmatic, alluding to the existence of potential undisclosed confounders. Conclusion Based on this MR analysis, we found a causal relationship between certain gut microbial communities and PPD. Future clinical studies can further explore the treatment of PPD through the combined use of microorganisms. This not only offers insights into the pathogenesis of PPD but also lays the foundation for utilizing gut microbiota as biotherapeutics in treating neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Jin
- Medical Department, Sias University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bo Li
- Medical Department, Zhengzhou University of Industry Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Medical Department, Zhengzhou University of Industry Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Medical Department, Sias University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Songhao Chai
- Ultrasound Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Medical Department, Sias University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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19
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Lee J, Park SJ, Choi S, Chang J, Park YJ, Jeong S, Son JS, Lee G, Ahn JC, Kim JA, Park SM. Antibiotic exposure and depression incidence: A cohort study of the Korean population. Psychiatry Res 2024; 339:115992. [PMID: 38875919 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Recent research highlights the crucial role of the gut-brain axis in understanding depression etiologies. While burgeoning studies suggest an association between disruptions in gut microbiota and the development of depression, limited longitudinal studies have investigated this link. To address this gap, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) data in South Korea, involving 199,144 individuals aged 40-79. We examined the impact of cumulative antibiotic exposure (2004-2008) on subsequent depression incidence (2009-2013) by conducting Cox proportional hazards regressions. Our findings show an increasing depression risk with extended antibiotic exposure after adjusting for comorbidities and behavioral covariates. A broader antibiotic spectrum was associated with a higher depression risk. These trends persisted after adjusting for the original antibiotic indications. In conclusion, our study highlights the duration-dependent association between antibiotic exposure and increased depression risk, offering insights into depression etiologies and relevant novel therapeutic tools, and advocating for heightened antibiotic stewardship considering their impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sun Jae Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jooyoung Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Jun Park
- Medical Research Center, Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seogsong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joung Sik Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyeongsil Lee
- Division of Family Medicine, Life Clinic, Seoul, South Korea; KS Healthlink Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joseph C Ahn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Jihoon Andrew Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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20
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Roy R, Kumar D, Bhattacharya P, Borah A. Modulating the biosynthesis and TLR4-interaction of lipopolysaccharide as an approach to counter gut dysbiosis and Parkinson's disease: Role of phyto-compounds. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105803. [PMID: 38992819 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of the world's second leading neurodegenerative disorder Parkinson's disease (PD) is well known while its pathogenesis is still a topical issue to explore. Clinical and experimental reports suggest the prevalence of disturbed gut microflora in PD subjects, with an abundance of especially Gram-negative bacteria. The endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released from the outer cell layer of these bacteria interacts with the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) present on the macrophages and it stimulates the downstream inflammatory cascade in both the gut and brain. Recent research also suggests a positive correlation between LPS, alpha-synuclein, and TLR4 levels, which indicates the contribution of a parallel LPS-alpha-synuclein-TLR4 axis in stimulating inflammation and neurodegeneration in the gut and brain, establishing a body-first type of PD. However, owing to the novelty of this paradigm, further investigation is mandatory. Modulating LPS biosynthesis and LPS-TLR4 interaction can ameliorate gut dysbiosis and PD. Several synthetic LpxC (UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase; LPS-synthesizing enzyme) inhibitors and TLR4 antagonists are reported to show beneficial effects including neuroprotection in PD models, however, are not devoid of side effects. Plant-derived compounds have been long documented for their benefits as nutraceuticals and thus to search for effective, safer, and multitarget therapeutics, the present study focused on summarizing the evidence reporting the potential of phyto-compounds as LpxC inhibitors and TLR4 antagonists. Studies demonstrating the dual potential of phyto-compounds as the modulators of LpxC and TLR4 have not yet been reported. Also, very few preliminary studies have reported LpxC inhibition by phyto-compounds. Nevertheless, remarkable neuroprotection along with TLR4 antagonism has been shown by curcumin and juglanin in PD models. The present review thus provides a wide look at the research progressed to date in discovering phyto-compounds that can serve as LpxC inhibitors and TLR4 antagonists. The study further recommends the need for expanding the search for potential candidates that can render dual protection by inhibiting both the biosynthesis and TLR4 interaction of LPS. Such multitarget therapeutic intervention is believed to bring fruitful yields in countering gut dysbiosis, neuroinflammation, and dopaminergic neuron damage in PD patients through a single treatment paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Roy
- Department of Life Science & Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Diwakar Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, 382355, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Department of Life Science & Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India.
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21
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Verma A, Inslicht SS, Bhargava A. Gut-Brain Axis: Role of Microbiome, Metabolomics, Hormones, and Stress in Mental Health Disorders. Cells 2024; 13:1436. [PMID: 39273008 PMCID: PMC11394554 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The influence of gut microbiome, metabolites, omics, hormones, and stress on general and mental health is increasingly being recognized. Ancient cultures recognized the importance of diet and gut health on the overall health of an individual. Western science and modern scientific methods are beginning to unravel the foundations and mechanisms behind some of the ancient beliefs and customs. The gut microbiome, an organ itself, is now thought to influence almost all other organs, ranging from the brain to the reproductive systems. Gut microbiome, metabolites, hormones, and biological sex also influence a myriad of health conditions that range from mental health disorders, obesity, gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiovascular diseases to reproductive health. Here, we review the history and current understanding of the gut-brain axis bidirectional talk in various mental health disorders with special emphasis on anxiety and depressive disorders, whose prevalence has increased by over 50% in the past three decades with COVID-19 pandemic being the biggest risk factor in the last few years. The vagal nerve is an important contributor to this bidirectional talk, but other pathways also contribute, and most remain understudied. Probiotics containing Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species seem to have the most impact on improvement in mental health symptoms, but the challenge appears to be maintaining sustained levels, especially since neither Lactobacillus nor Bifidobacterium can permanently colonize the gut. Ancient endogenous retroviral DNA in the human genome is also linked to several psychiatric disorders, including depression. These discoveries reveal the complex and intricately intertwined nature of gut health with mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Verma
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sabra S Inslicht
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Aditi Bhargava
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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22
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Yang C, Xiao J, Xu Z, Wang Z. Gut Microbiota Changes and Its Potential Relations with Thyroid Disorders: From Composition to Therapeutic Targets. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:3719-3731. [PMID: 39219667 PMCID: PMC11363920 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s481183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Composed of over 1200 species of anaerobes and aerobes bacteria along with bacteriophages, viruses, and fungal species, the human gut microbiota (GM) is vital to health, including digestive equilibrium, immunologic, hormonal, and metabolic homeostasis. Micronutrients, usually refer to trace elements (copper, iodine, iron, selenium, zinc) and vitamins (A, C, D, E), interact with the GM to influence host immune metabolism. So far, microbiome studies have revealed an association between disturbances in the microbiota and various pathological disorders, such as anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, anxiety, depression, early-onset cancers, type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). As common conditions, thyroid diseases, encompassing Graves' disease (GD), Graves' orbitopathy (GO), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), benign nodules, and papillary thyroid cancer (TC), have negative impacts on the health of all populations. Following recent studies, GM might play an integral role in triggering diseases of the thyroid gland. Not only do environmental triggers and genetic predisposing background lead to auto-aggressive damage, involving cellular and humoral networks of the immune system, but the intestinal microbiota interacts with distant organs by signals that may be part of the bacteria themselves or their metabolites. The review aims to describe the current knowledge about the GM in the metabolism of thyroid hormones and the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases and its involvement in the appearance of benign nodules and papillary TC. We further focused on the reciprocal interaction between GM composition and the most used treatment drugs for thyroid disorders. However, the exact etiology has not yet been known. To elucidate more precisely the mechanism for GM involvement in the development of thyroid diseases, future work is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Center Hospital of Qionglai City, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiafeng Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Center Hospital of Qionglai City, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zibei Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Center Hospital of Qionglai City, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zehong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Center Hospital of Qionglai City, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611530, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Sun Y, Zhao H, Chang M, Yue T, Yuan Y, Shi Y. Prophylactic effects of Tibetan goat kefir on depression-like behaviors in chronic unpredictable stress model through the gut-brain axis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39177281 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common psychological disorder, and traditional therapeutic drugs often result in side effects such as emesis, dry mouth, headache, dysentery and constipation. Probiotics and goat milk have garnered widespread attention for their ability to modulate immune function and regulate the endocrine system, and for their anti-inflammatory effects. In this work, the effects of Tibetan goat kefir on the behavior, immune status, neuroendocrine response and gut microbiological composition of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse models were evaluated. RESULTS The results indicated that Tibetan kefir goat milk significantly alleviated behavioral despair in mice. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that Tibetan kefir goat milk mitigated the inflammatory response in the mice and moderated the hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Meanwhile, chronic stress-induced gut microbial abnormalities were restored. In addition, the correlation between gut microbiota and nervous system was evaluated. CONCLUSION These results explained the potential mechanism of Tibetan kefir in the antidepressant effect on the CUMS model and enriched diets for depressed patients. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hongfan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mengjia Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiheng Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
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24
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Ren Y, Sun Y, Liao YY, Wang S, Liu Q, Duan CY, Sun L, Li XY, Yuan JL. Mechanisms of action and applications of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide at the intestinal mucosa barrier: a review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1421607. [PMID: 39224782 PMCID: PMC11366640 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1421607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
As a medicinal and edible homologous Chinese herb, Polygonatum sibiricum has been used as a primary ingredient in various functional and medicinal products. Damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier can lead to or worsen conditions such as type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Traditional Chinese medicine and its bioactive components can help prevent and manage these conditions by restoring the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. This review delves into the mode of action of P. sibiricum polysaccharide in disease prevention and management through the restoration of the intestinal barrier. Polysaccharide from P. sibiricum effectively treats conditions by repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier, offering insights for treating complex diseases and supporting the application of P. sibiricum in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ren
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Diseasein Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Diseasein Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Si Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Diseasein Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Diseasein Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chun-Yan Duan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lan Sun
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Diseasein Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Diseasein Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jia-Li Yuan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Diseasein Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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25
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Hasler G, Inta D. Emerging Perspectives on Neuroprotection. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39154647 DOI: 10.1159/000540032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Neuroprotection aims to safeguard neurons from damage caused by various factors like stress, potentially leading to the rescue, recovery, or regeneration of the nervous system and its functions [J Clin Neurosci. 2002;9(1):4-8]. Conversely, neuroplasticity refers to the brain's ability to adapt and change throughout life, involving structural and functional alterations in cells and synaptic transmission [Neural Plast. 2014;2014:541870]. Neuroprotection is a broad and multidisciplinary field encompassing various approaches and strategies aimed at preserving and promoting neuronal health. It is a critical area of research in neuroscience and neurology, with the potential to lead to new therapies for a wide range of neurological disorders and conditions. Neuroprotection can take various forms and may involve pharmacological agents, lifestyle modifications, or behavioral interventions. Accordingly, also the perspective and the meaning of neuroprotection differs due to different angles of interpretation. The primary interpretation is from the pharmacological point of view since the most consistent data come from this field. In addition, we will discuss also alternative, yet less considered, perspectives on neuroprotection, focusing on specific neuroprotective targets, interactions with surrounding microglia, different levels of neuroprotective effects, the reversive/adaptative dimension, and its use as anticipatory/prophylactic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Hasler
- Molecular Psychiatry Lab, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Villars-sur-Glâne, Switzerland
- Freiburg Mental Health Network, Villars-sur-Glâne, Switzerland
- Lake Lucerne Institute, Vitznau, Switzerland
| | - Dragos Inta
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Community Health, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Food Research and Innovation Center (FRIC), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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26
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Pu J, Gui S, Wang D, Zhong X, Tao W, Chen X, Chen W, Chen X, Qiao R, Li Z, Tao X, Xie P. Treatment response of venlafaxine induced alterations of gut microbiota and metabolites in a mouse model of depression. Metab Brain Dis 2024:10.1007/s11011-024-01403-x. [PMID: 39150654 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Antidepressants remain the first-line treatment for depression. However, the factors influencing medication response are still unclear. Accumulating evidence implicates an association between alterations in gut microbiota and antidepressant response. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the role of the gut microbiota-brain axis in the treatment response of venlafaxine. After chronic social defeat stress and venlafaxine treatment, mice were divided into responders and non-responders groups. We compared the composition of gut microbiota using 16 S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Meanwhile, we quantified metabolomic alterations in serum and hippocampus, as well as hippocampal neurotransmitter levels using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We found that the abundances of 29 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were significantly altered between the responders and non-responders groups. These ASVs belonged to 8 different families, particularly Muribaculaceae. Additionally, we identified 38 and 39 differential metabolites in serum and hippocampus between the responders and non-responders groups, respectively. Lipid, amino acid, and purine metabolisms were enriched in both serum and hippocampus. In hippocampus, the concentrations of tryptophan, phenylalanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamic acid, and glutamine were increased, while the level of succinic acid was decreased in the responders group, compared with the non-responders group. Our findings suggest that the gut microbiota may play a role in the antidepressant effect of venlafaxine by modulating metabolic processes in the central and peripheral tissues. This provides a novel microbial and metabolic framework for understanding the impact of the gut microbiota-brain axis on antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yiyun Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Juncai Pu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Siwen Gui
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Tao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaopeng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Weiyi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Renjie Qiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhuocan Li
- Psychologic Medicine Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangkun Tao
- Psychologic Medicine Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Chongqing, China.
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27
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Fu L, Baranova A, Cao H, Zhang F. Exploring the causal effects of depression and antidepressants on COVID-19. J Affect Disord 2024; 359:350-355. [PMID: 38801921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While existing studies have suggested an increased risk of COVID-19 in patients with depression, the causal impact of MDD on the severity of COVID-19 remains to be validated. Additionally, the potential impact of antidepressant medication on the risk of COVID-19 is not known. METHODS In our study, we applied a Mendelian Randomization (MR) method, leveraging summary data from GWAS, to evaluate the potential causal effects of depression on three COVID-19 outcomes. Furthermore, we investigated the causal effects of antidepressants on COVID-19 outcomes. The COVID-19 datasets contain information on various stages of the disease, including SARS-CoV-2 infection (N = 2,597,856), hospitalized COVID-19 (N = 2,095,324), and critical COVID-19 (N = 1,086,211). Datasets for depression and antidepressants were comprised of 1,349,887 and 106,785 participants, respectively. RESULTS Employing the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, we show a causal association between depression and three COVID-19 outcomes. Specifically, we found that genetic liability to depression is linked to critical COVID-19 (OR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.13-1.46), hospitalized COVID-19 (OR: 1.23, 95 % CI: 1.13-1.34), and SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR: 1.06, 95 % CI: 1.02-1.10). Interestingly, the use of antidepressants was not associated with COVID-19, with the odds ratios for critical COVID-19 (OR: 1.05, 95 % CI: 0.88-1.26), hospitalization (OR: 1.01, 95 % CI: 0.90-1.13), and SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR: 1.03, 95 % CI: 0.99-1.08) indicating no causal impact. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that genetic liability to depression may increase the susceptibility to COVID-19 and its severe forms. The lack of causal effect of antidepressant use on COVID-19 implies antidepressant medication may counteract the detrimental effect of depression on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Ancha Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Hongbao Cao
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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28
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Chu Y, Pang B, Yang M, Wang S, Meng Q, Gong H, Kong Y, Leng Y. Exploring the possible therapeutic mechanism of Danzhixiaoyao pills in depression and MAFLD based on "Homotherapy for heteropathy": A network pharmacology and molecular docking. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35309. [PMID: 39170292 PMCID: PMC11336640 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Danzhixiaoyao pills (DXP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that has been effectively used in clinical practice to treat depression and metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), but its therapeutic mechanism is not yet clear. The purpose of this study is to explore the possible mechanisms of DXP in treating depression and MAFLD using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques based on existing literature reports. Methods By combining TCMSP, Swiss ADME, Swiss TargetPrediction, and UniProt databases, the active ingredients and potential targets of DXP were screened and obtained. By searching for relevant disease targets through Gene Cards, OMIM, and TTD databases, intersection targets between drugs and diseases were obtained. The network of "Disease - Potential targets - Active ingredients - Traditional Chinese medicine - Prescriptions" was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software, and the PPI network was constructed using STRING 12.0 database. The core targets were obtained through topology analysis. GO function enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were conducted based on DAVID. The above results were validated by molecular docking using PyMol 2.5 and AutoDock Tool 1.5.7 software, and their possible therapeutic mechanisms were discussed. Results Network pharmacology analysis obtained 130 main active ingredients of drugs, 173 intersection targets between drugs and diseases, and 37 core targets. Enrichment analysis obtained 1390 GO functional enrichment results, of which 922 were related to biological process, 107 were related to cellular component, 174 were related to molecular function, and obtained 180 KEGG pathways. Molecular docking has confirmed the good binding ability between relevant components and targets, and the literature discussion has preliminarily verified the above results. Conclusion DXP can act on targets such as TNF, AKT1, ALB, IL1B, TP53 through active ingredients such as kaempferol, quercetin, naringenin, isorhamnetin, glyuranolide, etc, and by regulating signaling pathways such as pathways in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, to exert its effect of "homotherapy for heteropathy" on depression and MAFLD. In addition, glyuranolide showed the strongest affinity with TNF (-7.88 kcal/mol), suggesting that it may play a key role in the treatment process. The research results provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the scientific connotation and mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine compound DXP, and provide new directions for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- YunHang Chu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - BingYao Pang
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - HongChi Gong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - YuDong Kong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Leng
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Li C, Li J, Zhou Q, Wang C, Hu J, Liu C. Effects of Physical Exercise on the Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Nutrients 2024; 16:2657. [PMID: 39203794 PMCID: PMC11356817 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. Recent studies have underscored the significant role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBS. Physical exercise, as a non-pharmacological intervention, has been proposed to alleviate IBS symptoms by modulating the gut microbiota. Aerobic exercise, such as running, swimming, and cycling, has been shown to enhance the diversity and abundance of beneficial gut bacteria, including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids that possess anti-inflammatory properties and support gut barrier integrity. Studies involving IBS patients participating in structured aerobic exercise programs have reported significant improvements in their gut microbiota's composition and diversity, alongside an alleviation of symptoms like abdominal pain and bloating. Additionally, exercise positively influences mental health by reducing stress and improving mood, which can further relieve IBS symptoms via the gut-brain axis. Long-term exercise interventions provide sustained benefits, maintaining the gut microbiota's diversity and stability, supporting immune functions, and reducing systemic inflammation. However, exercise programs must be tailored to individual needs to avoid exacerbating IBS symptoms. Personalized exercise plans starting with low-to-moderate intensity and gradually increasing in intensity can maximize the benefits and minimize risks. This review examines the impact of various types and intensities of physical exercise on the gut microbiota in IBS patients, highlighting the need for further studies to explore optimal exercise protocols. Future research should include larger sample sizes, longer follow-up periods, and examine the synergistic effects of exercise and other lifestyle modifications. Integrating physical exercise into comprehensive IBS management plans can enhance symptom control and improve patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Li
- Russian Sports University, Moscow 105122, Russia;
| | - Jianmin Li
- School of Tai Chi Culture Handan University, Handan 056005, China;
| | - Qiaorui Zhou
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Can Wang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Jiahui Hu
- Moscow State Normal University, Moscow 127051, Russia
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
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Chen C, Zheng Z, Gao K, Fan Q, Li Y, Chen S. Prophylactic effects of supplementation of a combination of Lactobacillus lactis WHH2078 and saffron on depressive-like behaviors in mice exposed to chronic stress. J Food Sci 2024. [PMID: 39126686 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common psychiatric conditions worldwide, with an annual escalation in prevalence. The serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) metabolism through the gut-brain axis has been revealed to be related to the development of depression. Our previous study demonstrated that Lactococcus lactis WHH2078 alleviated depression in mice by shaping the gut microbiome composition and 5-HT metabolism. However, little research has explored the synergistic effects of probiotics and natural mental health-improving products. In this study, three natural products (saffron, l-theanine, and phosphatidylserine), either individually or in combination, were orally administrated for 4 weeks in chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced mice, and their depressive behaviors, hippocampal 5-HT, and serum corticosterone were assessed. Saffron demonstrated improvement of the depressive-like behaviors via multiple behavioral tests and reversed the declined concentration of 5-HT and increased concentration of corticosterone. Following an initial screening, saffron was chosen to be combined with WHH2078, referred to as WHHMOOD™. Furthermore, the effects of WHHMOOD were evaluated in mice with depressive-like behaviors. WHHMOOD reduced immobility time in the forced swimming test and tail suspension test, increased the time spent in the central area in open field test, and reduced the serum corticosterone level. Besides, WHHMOOD improved the CRS-induced gut microbial dysbiosis by reversing gut microbial diversity and the abundances of Ligilactobacillus, Candidatus Arthromitus, and Erysipelatoclostridium. Compared to WHH2078, WHHMOOD treatment significantly increased the travel distance and hippocampal 5-HT level in mice. In conclusion, WHHMOOD exhibited prophylactic effects on depressive-like in CRS mice, which may act as a promising agent for improving the symptoms of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiuling Fan
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Su Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
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You M, Chen N, Yang Y, Cheng L, He H, Cai Y, Liu Y, Liu H, Hong G. The gut microbiota-brain axis in neurological disorders. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e656. [PMID: 39036341 PMCID: PMC11260174 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown a bidirectional communication between human gut microbiota and the brain, known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). The MGBA influences the host's nervous system development, emotional regulation, and cognitive function through neurotransmitters, immune modulation, and metabolic pathways. Factors like diet, lifestyle, genetics, and environment shape the gut microbiota composition together. Most research have explored how gut microbiota regulates host physiology and its potential in preventing and treating neurological disorders. However, the individual heterogeneity of gut microbiota, strains playing a dominant role in neurological diseases, and the interactions of these microbial metabolites with the central/peripheral nervous systems still need exploration. This review summarizes the potential role of gut microbiota in driving neurodevelopmental disorders (autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder), neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease), and mood disorders (anxiety and depression) in recent years and discusses the current clinical and preclinical gut microbe-based interventions, including dietary intervention, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. It also puts forward the current insufficient research on gut microbiota in neurological disorders and provides a framework for further research on neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming You
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic TestingThe Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Nan Chen
- Master of Public HealthSchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic TestingThe Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Lingjun Cheng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic TestingThe Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Hongzhang He
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic TestingThe Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yanhua Cai
- Master of Public HealthSchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yating Liu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic TestingThe Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Haiyue Liu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic TestingThe Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Guolin Hong
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic TestingThe Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
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Hoisington AJ, Choy K, Khair S, Dyamenahalli KU, Najarro KM, Wiktor AJ, Frank DN, Burnham EL, McMahan RH, Kovacs EJ. Recent alcohol intake impacts microbiota in adult burn patients. Alcohol 2024; 118:25-35. [PMID: 38604285 PMCID: PMC11179986 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol use is associated with an increased incidence of negative health outcomes in burn patients due to biological mechanisms that include a dysregulated inflammatory response and increased intestinal permeability. This study used phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in blood, a direct biomarker of recent alcohol use, to investigate associations between a recent history of alcohol use and the fecal microbiota, short chain fatty acids, and inflammatory markers in the first week after a burn injury for nineteen participants. Burn patients were grouped according to PEth levels of low or high and differences in the overall fecal microbial community were observed between these cohorts. Two genera that contributed to the differences and had higher relative abundance in the low PEth burn patient group were Akkermansia, a mucin degrading bacteria that improves intestinal barrier function, and Bacteroides, a potentially anti-inflammatory bacteria. There was no statistically significant difference between levels of short chain fatty acids or intestinal permeability across the two groups. To our knowledge, this study represents the first report to evaluate the effects of burn injury and recent alcohol use on early post burn microbiota dysbiosis, inflammatory response, and levels of short chain fatty acids. Future studies in this field are warranted to better understand the factors associated with negative health outcomes and develop interventional trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hoisington
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Veteran Suicide Prevention, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
| | - Kevin Choy
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shanawaj Khair
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kiran U Dyamenahalli
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kevin M Najarro
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Veterans Health Administration, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Arek J Wiktor
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Daniel N Frank
- GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ellen L Burnham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rachel H McMahan
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Veterans Health Administration, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Veteran Suicide Prevention, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Veterans Health Administration, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA; Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Yang Y, Eguchi A, Mori C, Hashimoto K. Dietary sulforaphane glucosinolate mitigates depression-like behaviors in mice with hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury: A role of the gut-liver-brain axis. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 176:129-139. [PMID: 38857554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Nutrition has been increasingly recognized for its use in mental health. Depression is commonly observed in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Building on our recent findings of depression-like behaviors in mice with hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (HI/R) injury, mediated by the gut-liver-brain axis, this study explored the potential influence of dietary sulforaphane glucosinolate (SGS) on these behaviors. Behavioral assessments for depression-like behaviors were conducted 7 days post either sham or HI/R injury surgery. Dietary intake of SGS significantly prevented splenomegaly, systemic inflammation, depression-like behaviors, and downregulation of synaptic proteins in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of HI/R-injured mice. Through 16S rRNA analysis and untargeted metabolomic analyses, distinct bacterial profiles and metabolites were identified between control + HI/R group and SGS + HI/R group. Correlations were observed between the relative abundance of gut microbiota and both behavioral outcomes and blood metabolites. These findings suggest that SGS intake could mitigate depression-like phenotypes in mice with HI/R injury, potentially through the gut-liver-brain axis. Additionally, SGS, found in crucial vegetables like broccoli, could offer prophylactic nutritional benefits for depression in patients with CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Akifumi Eguchi
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Chiba University Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Chisato Mori
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Chiba University Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan; Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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Rafie Sedaghat F, Ghotaslou P, Ghotaslou R. Association between major depressive disorder and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Int J Psychiatry Med 2024:912174241266646. [PMID: 39039860 DOI: 10.1177/00912174241266646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects 300 million people globally, with dysbiosis altering the central nervous system potentially having a role in this disorder. Dysbiosis is characterized by a decrease in microbial diversity and an increase in proinflammatory species. The human gut microbiota refers to the trillions of microbes, such as bacteria, that live in the human gut. The purpose of this study was to compare the gut microbiota of patients with MDD with healthy controls. METHODS This case-control study involved 35 MDD cases and 35 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Stool samples were collected and subjected to quantitative real-time PCR. Four intestinal bacterial phyla (firmicutes, bacteroidetes, actinobacteria, and proteobacteria) were investigated by 16SrRNA analysis. RESULTS The relative abundance of bacteroidetes to firmicutes in the control and case groups was .66 and 1.33, respectively (P < .05). There were no significant differences in actinobacteria and proteobacteria among those in the MDD group compared to the healthy control group. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota dysbiosis may significantly contribute to the onset of depression, underscoring the importance of understanding the relationship between MDD and gut microbiota. Firmicutes, which produce short-chain fatty acids, are crucial for intestinal health. However, dysbiosis can disrupt the gut microbiota, contributing to depression and impacting the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pardis Ghotaslou
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Ghotaslou
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sermet-Gaudelus I, Benaboud S, Bui S, Bihouée T, Gautier S. Behavioural and sleep issues after initiation of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in preschool-age children with cystic fibrosis. Lancet 2024; 404:117-120. [PMID: 38950554 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01134-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- I Sermet-Gaudelus
- INSERM U1151, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Mucoviscidose et Maladies Apparentées, Hôpital Necker Enfants malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre, Paris 75015, France; INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France; European Rare Disease Network-Lung, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Sihem Benaboud
- Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre, Paris, France; Unité de Recherche Clinique Necker Cochin, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Bui
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence pour la Mucoviscidose, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tiphaine Bihouée
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence pour la Mucoviscidose, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Gautier
- Centre de Pharmacovigilance Regional, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Lille, France
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Fang X, Wang X, Zheng W, Han J, Ge X. Efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture in patients with postpartum depression: a meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1393531. [PMID: 39056020 PMCID: PMC11270539 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1393531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) for the treatment of postpartum depression (PPD). Methods We systematically retrieved relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, EMBASE, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Chinese Biological Medical Database, and the Wanfang database from their inception to November 2023. The outcomes measured were the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores, adverse events (AEs), and the total response rate. The study aimed to estimate heterogeneity, publication bias, mean difference (MD), and risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results This study included 12 RCTs with a total of 1364 participants (571 in the treatment group and 793 in the control group) for analysis. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that EA did not significantly reduce HAMD (MD = 1.49, 95% CI = [-0.30, 3.27], P = 0.1, I2 = 0%) and EPDS (MD = 1.12, 95% CI = [-1.62, 3.85], P = 0.42, I2 = 32%) scores compared to sham EA among patients with PPD, resulting in low heterogeneity. In terms of the total response rate, the EA group exhibited superior results compared to the placebo group (RR = 1.77, 95% CI = [1.15, 2.74], P = 0.01, I2 = 0%) and the sham EA group (RR = 1.2, 95% CI = [1.02, 4.4], P = 0.02, I2 = 0%), with statistical significance and low heterogeneity. The incidence of AEs was lower, also with low heterogeneity (RR = 0.9, 95% CI = [0.57, 1.43], P = 0.66, I2 = 12%). Conclusion The current evidence indicates that the effectiveness and safety of EA in the treatment of PPD warrant affirmation. However, EA does not demonstrate superiority over sham EA in reducing HAMD and EPDS scores in patients with PPD. Due to the limited quantity and quality of curent research, the above conclusion should be further validated through high-quality studies to confirm the efectiveness of EA in PPD management. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=318917, identifier CRD42023318917.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Fang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaobin Ge
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Sancho-Alonso M, Sarriés-Serrano U, Miquel-Rio L, Yanes Castilla C, Paz V, Meana JJ, Perello M, Bortolozzi A. New insights into the effects of serotonin on Parkinson's disease and depression through its role in the gastrointestinal tract. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH 2024:S2950-2853(24)00039-5. [PMID: 38992345 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpmh.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders are frequently associated with gastrointestinal (GI) co-pathologies. Although the central and enteric nervous systems (CNS and ENS, respectively) have been studied separately, there is increasing interest in factors that may contribute to conditions affecting both systems. There is compelling evidence that serotonin (5-HT) may play an important role in several gut-brain disorders. It is well known that 5-HT is essential for the development and functioning of the CNS. However, most of the body's 5-HT is produced in the GI tract. A deeper understanding of the specific effects of enteric 5-HT on gut-brain disorders may provide the basis for the development of new therapeutic targets. This review summarizes current data focusing on the important role of 5-HT in ENS development and motility, with particular emphasis on novel aspects of 5-HT signaling in conditions where CNS and ENS comorbidities are common, such as Parkinson's disease and depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sancho-Alonso
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Anatomy and Human Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Unai Sarriés-Serrano
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Lluis Miquel-Rio
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Yanes Castilla
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Paz
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Javier Meana
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Mario Perello
- Grupo de Neurofisiología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE), Universidad Nacional La Plata (UNLP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Analia Bortolozzi
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Zhang J, Hsieh Y, Zheng K, Xu J. Managing abdominal cocoon syndrome complicated by intestinal necrosis and unexpected amelioration of depression after surgery: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:322. [PMID: 38970114 PMCID: PMC11227164 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal cocoon is a very uncommon yet dangerous cause of intestinal obstruction. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of a 62-year-old Asian male patient with a history of depression who exhibited an idiopathic abdominal cocoon complicated by necrosis. Upon laparotomy investigation, nearly the entire small intestine was enveloped in a thick membrane resembling a cocoon, and it was discovered that he lacked a greater omentum. The patient recovered well and was discharged on an oral diet on the 20th day following surgery. During the 3-month follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic, even gaining 10 kg in weight, and noted that his depression had improved. CONCLUSIONS Small bowel obstruction presents with nonspecific symptoms, posing challenges in differential diagnosis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is recommended since it facilitates precise preoperative assessment, optimizing surgical planning and reducing postoperative complications. Remarkably, cessation of antidepressant medication post-surgery hints at a potential correlation between omental deficit, gut microbiota alterations, and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of General Surgery in Construction, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Yifang Hsieh
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Kunming Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of General Surgery in Construction, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of General Surgery in Construction, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.
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Bashir Z, Hugerth LW, Krog MC, Prast-Nielsen S, Edfeldt G, Boulund F, Schacht SR, Tetens I, Engstrand L, Schuppe-Koistinen I, Fransson E, Nielsen HS. Investigations of microbiota composition and neuroactive pathways in association with symptoms of stress and depression in a cohort of healthy women. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1324794. [PMID: 39015337 PMCID: PMC11249552 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1324794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite mounting evidence of gut-brain involvement in psychiatric conditions, functional data remain limited, and analyses of other microbial niches, such as the vaginal microbiota, are lacking in relation to mental health. This aim of this study was to investigate if the connections between the gut microbiome and mental health observed in populations with a clinical diagnosis of mental illness extend to healthy women experiencing stress and depressive symptoms. Additionally, this study examined the functional pathways of the gut microbiota according to the levels of psychological symptoms. Furthermore, the study aimed to explore potential correlations between the vaginal microbiome and mental health parameters in young women without psychiatric diagnoses. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 160 healthy Danish women (aged 18-40 years) filled out questionnaires with validated scales measuring symptoms of stress and depression and frequency of dietary intake. Fecal and vaginal microbiota samples were collected at the beginning of the menstrual cycle and vaginal samples were also collected at cycle day 8-12 and 18-22. Shotgun metagenomic profiling of the gut and vaginal microbiome was performed. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used for functional profiling and 56 Gut Brain Modules were analyzed in the fecal samples. Results The relative abundance in the gut of the genera Escherichia, Parabacteroides, and Shigella was higher in women with elevated depressive symptoms. Women with high perceived stress showed a tendency of increased abundance of Escherichia, Shigella, and Blautia. Amongst others, the potentially pathogenic genera, Escherichia and Shigella correlate with alterations in the neuroactive pathways such as the glutamatergic, GABAeric, dopaminergic, and Kynurenine pathways. Vaginosis symptoms were more prevalent in women reporting high levels of stress and depressive symptoms. Conclusions The findings of this study support the concept of a microbiota-associated effect on the neuroactive pathways even in healthy young women. This suggest, that targeting the gut microbiome could be a promising approach for future psychiatric interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bashir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
- The Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Unit, Dept. of Fertility, The Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Luisa W. Hugerth
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Christine Krog
- The Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Unit, Dept. of Fertility, The Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefanie Prast-Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriella Edfeldt
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Boulund
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Rønnow Schacht
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inge Tetens
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ina Schuppe-Koistinen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Fransson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henriette Svarre Nielsen
- The Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Unit, Dept. of Fertility, The Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ruan Y, Ren G, Wang M, Lv W, Shimizu K, Zhang C. The dual role of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol in alleviating pulmonary fibrosis through the gut-lung axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155699. [PMID: 38733907 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is a progressive lung disease characterized by the diffuse interstitial tissue, leading to severe breathing difficulties. The existing treatment methods are primarily aimed at slowing the progression of the disease, underscoring the urgent need to discover new drug interventions targeting novel sites. The "gut-lung axis" represents a complex bidirectional communication system where the gut microbiota not only influences lung immunity but also responds to lung-derived signals. Recent advances have uncovered that alterations in gut microbiota composition can significantly impact respiratory diseases, offering new insights into their pathogenesis and potential therapeutic approaches. METHODS This study is based on the fundamental concepts of the lung-gut axis and our previous research, further exploring the potential mechanisms of 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD) in ginseng against PF. We utilized a bleomycin-induced mouse model of PF and employed metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the pathways through which PPD regulates the pulmonary fibrosis process via the gut-lung axis. Finally, we employed strategies such as antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to provide a comprehensive perspective on how PPD regulates pulmonary fibrosis through gut microbiota. RESULTS The results of the bleomycin (BLM) mouse model of PF proved that PPD can directly act on the glycolysis- related metabolic reprogramming process in lung and the AMPK/STING pathway to improve PF. Combined the analysis of gut microbiota and related metabolites, we found that PPD can regulate the process of PF through the gut-lung axis target points G6PD and SPHK1. FMT and antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption further confirmed intermediate effect of gut microbiota in PF process and the treatment of PPD. Our study suggests that PPD can alleviate the process of pulmonary fibrosis either by directly acting on the lungs or by regulating the gut microbiota. CONCLUSION This study positions PPD as a vanguard in the therapeutic landscape for pulmonary fibrosis, offering a dual mechanism of action that encompasses both modulation of gut microbiota and direct intervention at molecular targets. These insights highlight the immense therapeutic potential of harnessing the gut-lung axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ruan
- Sino-Jan Joint Laboratory of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 639 Longmian Road, PR China; Laboratory of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Guoqing Ren
- Sino-Jan Joint Laboratory of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 639 Longmian Road, PR China; National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Mingchun Wang
- Sino-Jan Joint Laboratory of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 639 Longmian Road, PR China
| | - Weichao Lv
- Sino-Jan Joint Laboratory of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 639 Longmian Road, PR China
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Laboratory of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Sino-Jan Joint Laboratory of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 639 Longmian Road, PR China.
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Singh J, Vanlallawmzuali, Singh A, Biswal S, Zomuansangi R, Lalbiaktluangi C, Singh BP, Singh PK, Vellingiri B, Iyer M, Ram H, Udey B, Yadav MK. Microbiota-brain axis: Exploring the role of gut microbiota in psychiatric disorders - A comprehensive review. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 97:104068. [PMID: 38776563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Mental illness is a hidden epidemic in modern science that has gradually spread worldwide. According to estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 10% of the world's population suffers from various mental diseases each year. Worldwide, financial and health burdens on society are increasing annually. Therefore, understanding the different factors that can influence mental illness is required to formulate novel and effective treatments and interventions to combat mental illness. Gut microbiota, consisting of diverse microbial communities residing in the gastrointestinal tract, exert profound effects on the central nervous system through the gut-brain axis. The gut-brain axis serves as a conduit for bidirectional communication between the two systems, enabling the gut microbiota to affect emotional and cognitive functions. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the gut microbiota, is associated with an increased susceptibility to mental health disorders and psychiatric illnesses. Gut microbiota is one of the most diverse and abundant groups of microbes that have been found to interact with the central nervous system and play important physiological functions in the human gut, thus greatly affecting the development of mental illnesses. The interaction between gut microbiota and mental health-related illnesses is a multifaceted and promising field of study. This review explores the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences mental health, encompassing the modulation of neurotransmitter production, neuroinflammation, and integrity of the gut barrier. In addition, it emphasizes a thorough understanding of how the gut microbiome affects various psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawahar Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Vanlallawmzuali
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram Central University, Pachhunga University College Campus, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Microbiology Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Suryanarayan Biswal
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Ruth Zomuansangi
- Department of Microbiology Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - C Lalbiaktluangi
- Department of Microbiology Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Bhim Pratap Singh
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (AES), National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Pachhunga University College Campus, Mizoram University (A Central University), Aizawl 796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Department of Microbiology Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Heera Ram
- Department of Zoology, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342001, India
| | - Bharat Udey
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Microbiology Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India.
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Wang X, Zhou J, Jiang T, Xu J. Deciphering the therapeutic potential of SheXiangXinTongNing: Interplay between gut microbiota and brain metabolomics in a CUMS mice model, with a focus on tryptophan metabolism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155584. [PMID: 38704913 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Depression, a prevalent and multifaceted mental disorder, has emerged as a significant public health concern due to its escalating prevalence and heightened risk of severe suicidality. Given its profound impact, the imperative for preventing and intervening in depression is paramount. Substantial evidence underscores intricate connections between depression and cardiovascular health. SheXiangXinTongNing (XTN), a recognized traditional Chinese medicine for treating Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), prompted our exploration into its antidepressant effects and underlying mechanisms. In this investigation, we assessed XTN's antidepressant potential using the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice model and behavioral tests. Employing network pharmacology, we delved into the intricate mechanisms at play. We characterized the microbial composition and function in CUMS mice, both with and without XTN treatment, utilizing 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis. The joint analysis of these results via Cytoscape identified pivotal metabolic pathways. In the realm of network pharmacology, XTN administration exhibited antidepressant effects by modulating pathways such as IL-17, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt, cAMP, calcium, and dopamine synapse signaling pathways. Our findings revealed that XTN significantly mitigated depression-like symptoms and cognitive deficits in CUMS mice by inhibiting neuroinflammation and pyroptosis. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing unveiled that XTN increased the alpha-diversity and beta-diversity of the gut microbiome in CUMS mice. Metabolomics analysis identified brain metabolites crucial for distinguishing between the CUMS and CUMS+XTN groups, with a focus on pathways like Tryptophan metabolism and Linoleic acid metabolism. Notably, specific bacterial families, including Alloprevotella, Helicobacter, Allobaculum, and Clostridia, exhibited robust co-occurring relationships with brain tryptophan metabolomics, hinting at the potential mediating role of gut microbiome alterations and metabolites in the efficacy of XTN treatment. In conclusion, our study unveils modifications in microbial compositions and metabolic functions may be pivotal in understanding the response to XTN treatment, offering novel insights into the mechanisms underpinning the efficacy of antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tianlin Jiang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Kang T, Zheng J, Jiang C, Jin L, Li C, Chen B, Shen Y. Amelioration of walnut, peony seed and camellia seed oils against D-galactose-induced cognitive impairment in mice by regulating gut microbiota. Food Funct 2024; 15:7063-7080. [PMID: 38867661 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01409j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Diet adjustment will affect the health of gut microbiota, which in turn influences the development and function of the organism's brain through the gut-brain axis. Walnut oil (WO), peony seed oil (PSO) and camellia seed oil (CSO), as typical representatives of woody plant oils, have been shown to have the potential to improve cognitive impairment in mice, but the function mechanisms are not clear. In this study, we comparatively investigated the neuroprotective effects of these three oils on D-galactose (D-gal)-induced cognitive impairment in mice, and found that the ameliorative effect of WO was more prominent. During the behavioral experiments, supplementation with all three oils would improve spatial learning and memory functions in D-gal mice, with a significant reduction in the error times (p < 0.001) and a significant increase in step-down latency (p < 0.001); walnut oil supplementation also significantly increased the number of hidden platform traversals, the target quadrant spent times and percentage of distance (p < 0.05). The results of biomarker analysis showed that WO, in addition to significantly inhibiting D-gal-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation as did PSO, significantly increased the ACh content in the mouse brain (p < 0.05) and modulated neurotransmitter levels. The results of further microbiota diversity sequencing experiments also confirmed that dietary supplementation with all three oils affected the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in mice. Among them, WO significantly restored the balance of the mouse gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes) and decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria (Clostridium, Shigella, Serratia), which was consistent with the results of behavioral experiments and biomarker analyses. Based on the analysis of the fatty acid composition of the three oils and changes in the gut microbiota, it is hypothesized that there is a correlation between the fatty acid composition of the dietary supplement oils and neuroprotective effects. The superiority of WO over PSO and CSO in improving cognitive impairment is mainly attributed to its balanced composition of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Kang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China.
| | - Jingyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China.
| | - Chao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China.
| | - Lihua Jin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China.
| | - Cong Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China.
| | - Bang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China.
| | - Yehua Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China.
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Khaledi M, Sameni F, Gholipour A, Shahrjerdi S, Golmohammadi R, Gouvarchin Ghaleh HE, Poureslamfar B, Hemmati J, Mobarezpour N, Milasi YE, Rad F, Mehboodi M, Owlia P. Potential role of gut microbiota in major depressive disorder: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33157. [PMID: 39027446 PMCID: PMC11254604 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the gut microbiota and host immunity are sophisticated, dynamic, and host-dependent. Scientists have recently conducted research showing that disturbances in the gut bacterial community can lead to a decrease in some metabolites and, consequently, to behaviors such as depression. Exposure to stressors dropped the relative abundance of bacteria in the genus Bacteroides while soaring the relative abundance of bacteria in the genus Clostridium, Coprococcus, Dialister, and Oscillibacter, which were also reduced in people with depression. Microbiota and innate immunity are in a bilateral relationship. The gut microbiota has been shown to induce the synthesis of antimicrobial proteins such as catalysidins, type C lectins, and defensins. Probiotic bacteria can modulate depressive behavior through GABA signaling. The gut microbiome produces essential metabolites such as neurotransmitters, tryptophan metabolites, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that can act on the CNS. In the case of dysbiosis, due to mucin changes, the ratio of intestinal-derived molecules may change and contribute to depression. Psychotropics, including Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001, Clostridium butyricum CBM588, and Lactobacillus acidophilus, have mental health benefits, and can have a positive effect on the host-brain relationship, and have antidepressant effects. This article reviews current studies on the association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and depression. Comprehensively, these findings could potentially lead to novel approaches to improving depressive symptoms via gut microbiota alterations, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Khaledi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sameni
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Gholipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Shahrjerdi
- Department of Physiology and Sports Pathology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Reza Golmohammadi
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Jaber Hemmati
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Niloofar Mobarezpour
- Reference Laboratory for Bovine Tuberculosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Yaser Eshaghi Milasi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahtab Mehboodi
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Parviz Owlia
- Molecular Microbiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Zhou X, Ganz AB, Rayner A, Cheng TY, Oba H, Rolnik B, Lancaster S, Lu X, Li Y, Johnson JS, Hoyd R, Spakowicz DJ, Slavich GM, Snyder MP. Dynamic Human Gut Microbiome and Immune Shifts During an Immersive Psychosocial Therapeutic Program. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.26.600881. [PMID: 38979211 PMCID: PMC11230355 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.26.600881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide yet its underlying factors, particularly microbial associations, are poorly understood. Methods We examined the longitudinal interplay between the microbiome and immune system in the context of depression during an immersive psychosocial intervention. 142 multi-omics samples were collected from 52 well-characterized participants before, during, and three months after a nine-day inquiry-based stress reduction program. Results We found that depression was associated with both an increased presence of putatively pathogenic bacteria and reduced microbial beta-diversity. Following the intervention, we observed reductions in neuroinflammatory cytokines and improvements in several mental health indicators. Interestingly, participants with a Prevotella-dominant microbiome showed milder symptoms when depressed, along with a more resilient microbiome and more favorable inflammatory cytokine profile, including reduced levels of CXCL-1. Conclusions Our findings reveal a protective link between the Prevotella-dominant microbiome and depression, associated with a less inflammatory environment and moderated symptoms. These insights, coupled with observed improvements in neuroinflammatory markers and mental health from the intervention, highlight potential avenues for microbiome-targeted therapies in depression management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford university School of Medicine, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Ariel B. Ganz
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Lab, Stanford University, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Andre Rayner
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Tess Yan Cheng
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Haley Oba
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Rolnik
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Lab, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Lancaster
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Xinrui Lu
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yizhou Li
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jethro S. Johnson
- Oxford Centre for Microbiome Studies, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca Hoyd
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, OH, USA
| | | | - George M. Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael P. Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford university School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Lab, Stanford University, CA, USA
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Maldonado-García JL, García-Mena LH, Mendieta-Cabrera D, Pérez-Sánchez G, Becerril-Villanueva E, Alvarez-Herrera S, Homberg T, Vallejo-Castillo L, Pérez-Tapia SM, Moreno-Lafont MC, Ortuño-Sahagún D, Pavón L. Use of Extracellular Monomeric Ubiquitin as a Therapeutic Option for Major Depressive Disorder. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:841. [PMID: 39065692 PMCID: PMC11279398 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder that has become a global health emergency according to the World Health Organization (WHO). It affects 280 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of disability and financial loss. Patients with MDD present immunoendocrine alterations like cortisol resistance and inflammation, which are associated with alterations in neurotransmitter metabolism. There are currently numerous therapeutic options for patients with MDD; however, some studies suggest a high rate of therapeutic failure. There are multiple hypotheses explaining the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD, in which several systems are involved, including the neuroendocrine and immune systems. In recent years, inflammation has become an important target for the development of new therapeutic options. Extracellular monomeric ubiquitin (emUb) is a molecule that has been shown to have immunomodulatory properties through several mechanisms including cholinergic modulation and the generation of regulatory T cells. In this perspective article, we highlight the influence of the inflammatory response in MDD. In addition, we review and discuss the evidence for the use of emUb contained in Transferon as a concomitant treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Maldonado-García
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.L.M.-G.); (S.M.P.-T.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04360, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (G.P.-S.); (E.B.-V.); (S.A.-H.)
| | - Lissette Haydee García-Mena
- Departamento de Salud Digital, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04360, Mexico;
| | - Danelia Mendieta-Cabrera
- Servicios Clínicos, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México 14370, Mexico;
| | - Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (G.P.-S.); (E.B.-V.); (S.A.-H.)
| | - Enrique Becerril-Villanueva
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (G.P.-S.); (E.B.-V.); (S.A.-H.)
| | - Samantha Alvarez-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (G.P.-S.); (E.B.-V.); (S.A.-H.)
| | - Toni Homberg
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioterapéuticos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (T.H.); (L.V.-C.)
- Laboratorio Nacional Para Servicios Especializados de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (I+D+i) Para Farmoquímicos y Biotecnológicos, LANSEIDI-FarBiotec-CONACyT, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Luis Vallejo-Castillo
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioterapéuticos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (T.H.); (L.V.-C.)
- Laboratorio Nacional Para Servicios Especializados de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (I+D+i) Para Farmoquímicos y Biotecnológicos, LANSEIDI-FarBiotec-CONACyT, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.L.M.-G.); (S.M.P.-T.)
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioterapéuticos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (T.H.); (L.V.-C.)
- Laboratorio Nacional Para Servicios Especializados de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (I+D+i) Para Farmoquímicos y Biotecnológicos, LANSEIDI-FarBiotec-CONACyT, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Martha C. Moreno-Lafont
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.L.M.-G.); (S.M.P.-T.)
| | - Daniel Ortuño-Sahagún
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico;
| | - Lenin Pavón
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (G.P.-S.); (E.B.-V.); (S.A.-H.)
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Chen N, Xu X, Guo Y, Zhao M, Li Y, Zhou T, Zhang X, Gao J, Zhu F, Guo C, Shi Y, Wang Q, Wu W, Zhang L, Li Y. Brain Short-Chain Fatty Acids Induce ACSS2 to Ameliorate Depressive-Like Behavior via PPARγ-TPH2 Axis. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0400. [PMID: 38939042 PMCID: PMC11210491 DOI: 10.34133/research.0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been increasingly evidenced to be important bioactive metabolites of the gut microbiota and transducers in controlling diverse psychiatric or neurological disorders via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, the precise mechanism by which brain SCFAs extert multiple beneficial effects is not completely understood. Our previous research has demonstrated that the acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) is a novel target of the rapid and long-lasting antidepressant responses. Here, we show that micromolar SCFAs significantly augment both total cellular and nuclear ACSS2 to trigger tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) promoter histone acetylation and its transcription in SH-SY5Y cells. In chronic-restraint-stress-induced depression mice, neuronal ACSS2 knockdown by stereotaxic injection of adeno-associated virus in the hippocampus abolished SCFA-mediated improvements in depressive-like behaviors of mice, supporting that ACSS2 is required for SCFA-mediated antidepressant responses. Mechanistically, the peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is identified as a novel partner of ACSS2 to activate TPH2 transcription. Importantly, PPARγ is also responsible for SCFA-mediated antidepressant-like effects via ACSS2-TPH2 axis. To further support brain SCFAs as a therapeutic target for antidepressant effects, d-mannose, which is a naturally present hexose, can significantly reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in the chronic-restraint-stress-exposure mice and augment brain SCFAs to protect against the depressive-like behaviors via ACSS2-PPARγ-TPH2 axis. In summary, brain SCFAs can activate ACSS2-PPARγ-TPH2 axis to play the antidepressive-like effects, and d-mannose is suggested to be an inducer of brain SCFAs in resisting depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yubin Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Faliang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chun Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongyu Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxian Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurology,
Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine,
Shandong University, Jinan, China
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48
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Guldager MB, Chaves Filho AM, Biojone C, Joca S. Therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in depression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 177:251-293. [PMID: 39029987 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread and debilitating condition affecting a significant portion of the global population. Traditional treatment for MDD has primarily involved drugs that increase brain monoamines by inhibiting their uptake or metabolism, which is the basis for the monoaminergic hypothesis of depression. However, these treatments are only partially effective, with many patients experiencing delayed responses, residual symptoms, or complete non-response, rendering the current view of the hypothesis as reductionist. Cannabidiol (CBD) has shown promising results in preclinical models and human studies. Its mechanism is not well-understood, but may involve monoamine and endocannabinoid signaling, control of neuroinflammation and enhanced neuroplasticity. This chapter will explore CBD's effects in preclinical and clinical studies, its molecular mechanisms, and its potential as a treatment for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Bock Guldager
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Caroline Biojone
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sâmia Joca
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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49
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Zhang Q, Bi Y, Zhang B, Jiang Q, Mou CK, Lei L, Deng Y, Li Y, Yu J, Liu W, Zhao J. Current landscape of fecal microbiota transplantation in treating depression. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1416961. [PMID: 38983862 PMCID: PMC11231080 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1416961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression, projected to be the predominant contributor to the global disease burden, is a complex condition with diverse symptoms including mood disturbances and cognitive impairments. Traditional treatments such as medication and psychotherapy often fall short, prompting the pursuit of alternative interventions. Recent research has highlighted the significant role of gut microbiota in mental health, influencing emotional and neural regulation. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), the infusion of fecal matter from a healthy donor into the gut of a patient, emerges as a promising strategy to ameliorate depressive symptoms by restoring gut microbial balance. The microbial-gut-brain (MGB) axis represents a critical pathway through which to potentially rectify dysbiosis and modulate neuropsychiatric outcomes. Preclinical studies reveal that FMT can enhance neurochemicals and reduce inflammatory markers, thereby alleviating depressive behaviors. Moreover, FMT has shown promise in clinical settings, improving gastrointestinal symptoms and overall quality of life in patients with depression. The review highlights the role of the gut-brain axis in depression and the need for further research to validate the long-term safety and efficacy of FMT, identify specific therapeutic microbial strains, and develop targeted microbial modulation strategies. Advancing our understanding of FMT could revolutionize depression treatment, shifting the paradigm toward microbiome-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science & Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Yajun Bi
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalian Municipal Women and Children’s Medical Center (Group), Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Boyu Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiong Jiang
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science & Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Kam Mou
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lelin Lei
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yibo Deng
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Wuhan Britain-China School, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Public Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhao
- Division of Child Healthcare, Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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50
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Ding K, Liu Y, Liu D, Chen W, Zhang X, Luo C, Zhang H, Xu T, Chen T. Effectiveness of Psychobiotic Bifidobacterium breve BB05 in Managing Psychosomatic Diarrhea in College Students by Regulating Gut Microbiota: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1989. [PMID: 38999739 PMCID: PMC11243164 DOI: 10.3390/nu16131989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea of college students (DCS) is a prevalent issue among college students, affecting their daily lives and academic performance. This study aims to explore the potential effect of Bifidobacterium breve BB05 supplements on the DCS. Initially, fifty healthy and fifty diarrheal students were recruited in the observational experiment and allocated into control and diarrhea groups, respectively. Subsequently, one hundred diarrheal students were newly recruited in the intervention experiment and randomly allocated into placebo and probiotic groups, both treated for 2 weeks. Questionnaires (BSS, HAMA-14, and HDRS-17) were performed to assess the students' diarrheal states and mental health at baseline and post-treatment. Fecal samples underwent 16S rRNA sequencing and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to evaluate gut microbiota and fecal metabolite alternations. Results indicated that B. breve BB05 supplementation significantly enriched (p < 0.05) the reduced gut microbial diversity caused by diarrhea. Diarrhea resulted in notable alterations in gut microbiota composition, as exhibited by elevated Collinsella and Streptococcus, alongside substantially decreased Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Prevotella, while B. breve BB05 supplementation partially restored the compromised gut microbiota at both the phylum and genus levels, particularly by increasing Bifidobacterium and Roseburia (p < 0.05). Importantly, questionnaire results suggested that B. breve BB05 administration achieved superior efficacy in relieving diarrhea symptoms and the associated anxiety and depression in college students. An increased fecal concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was also observed in the probiotic group, while Acetylcholine (ACH), Epinephrine (EPI), and Noradrenaline/Norepinephrine (NANE) reduced, revealing the potential of B. breve BB05 in alleviating anxiety and depression via modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Furthermore, correlation analysis suggested that the altered microbiota and fecal neurotransmitters were closely associated with the mental symptoms. These results endorse B. breve BB05 intervention as a promising and innovative approach to alleviate both diarrhea and mental health conditions among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Wang
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Kunpeng Ding
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Dingming Liu
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Weijun Chen
- The Reproductive Hospital, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Chuanlin Luo
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Tangchang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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