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Wang J, Yang Y, Wu J, Zhao K, Zhang X. The interaction between biochar and earthworms: Revealing the potential ecological risks of biochar application and the feasibility of their co-application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175240. [PMID: 39111445 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Biochar's interaction with soil-dwelling organisms, particularly earthworms, is crucial in ensuring the effective and secure utilization of biochar in the soil. This review introduces the application of biochar in soil, summarizes how earthworms respond to biochar-amended soil and the underlying factors that can influence their response, discusses the synergistic and antagonistic impacts of earthworm activity on the efficacy of biochar, and considers the feasibility of applying them together. A review of existing research has identified uncertainty in the effect of biochar exposure on earthworms, with biochar derived from animal wastes, produced at higher pyrolysis temperatures, and used at higher doses of biochar having more negative effects on earthworms. Habitat modification, toxicity release, particle effects, and contaminant immobilization are underlying factors in how biochar affects earthworm indicators. While biochar in contaminated soils may alleviate the stress of pollutants on earthworms by decreasing their bioaccumulation, this remedial effect is not always effective. Additionally, earthworm bioturbation can enhance the migration, fragmentation, and oxidation of biochar, while also stimulating extracellular enzymes that convert biochar into 'vermichar'. Earthworms and biochar can synergize well to improve soil fertility and remediate soil organic pollution, yet exhibit contrasting roles in soil C sequestration and immobilizing heavy metals in soil. These findings highlight both the advantages and risks of their co-application. Therefore, when considering the use of biochar alone or with earthworms, it is crucial to thoroughly assess its potential ecotoxicity on earthworms and other soil organisms, as well as the influence of bioturbation, such as that caused by earthworms, on the effectiveness of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yuxiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jizi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Keli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Wijesekara T, Abeyrathne EDNS, Ahn DU. Effect of Bioactive Peptides on Gut Microbiota and Their Relations to Human Health. Foods 2024; 13:1853. [PMID: 38928795 PMCID: PMC11202804 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides derived from both exogenous and endogenous origins have been studied extensively to use their beneficial effects in humans and animals. Bioactive peptides exhibit beneficial bodily functions and contribute to a healthy gastrointestinal system by influencing barrier functions, immune responses, and gut microbiota. Gut microbiota is a diverse microbial community that significantly influences the overall well-being and homeostasis of the body. Factors such as diet, age, lifestyle, medication, and environmental circumstances can affect the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. The disturbances or imbalances in the gut microbiota have been associated with various health problems. The interplays between bioactive peptides and gut microbiota are not fully understood, but bioactive peptides hold promise as modulators of the gut microbiota to promote gut health. Almost all the bioactive research on human health, including the development of therapeutics and nutritional interventions, uses cell culture, even though their direct biofunctional activities can only occur when absorbed in the intestine and into the blood system. This review focuses on the current understanding of bioactive peptides in gut microbiota and their impact and mechanisms on gut and human health. The novelty of this review lies in its comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted interactions between bioactive peptides and gut microbiota, integrating knowledge from diverse disciplines between microbiology and nutrition. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms and identifying current research gaps, this review offers an outlook on the potential of bioactive peptides in promoting gut health and shaping future therapeutic and nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharuka Wijesekara
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | | | - Dong Uk Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Chen C, Zheng N, Zhu H, An Q, Pan J, Li X, Ji Y, Li N, Sun S. Co-exposure to UV-aged microplastics and cadmium induces intestinal toxicity and metabolic responses in earthworms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132737. [PMID: 37832442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Aged microplastics (MPs) alter the interaction with heavy metals due to changes in surface properties. However, the combined toxicological effects of aged MPs on heavy metals in soil remain poorly understood. In this study, earthworms were employed as model animals to investigate the effects of aged MPs on the biotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) by simulating the exposure patterns of original and UV-aged MPs (polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene (PE)) with Cd. The results showed that UV-aging decreased the zeta potential and increased the specific surface area of the MPs, which enhanced the bioaccumulation of Cd and caused more severe oxidative stress to earthworms. Meanwhile, the earthworm intestines exhibited increased tissue damage, including chloragogenous tissue congestion lesions, and typhlosole damage. Furthermore, the combined exposure to UV-aged MPs and Cd enhanced the complexity of the microbial network in the earthworm gut and interfered with endocrine disruption, membrane structure, and energy metabolic pathways in earthworms. The results emphasized the need to consider the degradation of MPs in the environment. Hence, we recommend that future toxicological studies use aged MPs that are more representative of the actual environmental conditions, with the results being important for the risk assessment and management of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China.
| | - Huicheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Qirui An
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Jiamin Pan
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Yining Ji
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
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Shi Z, Li W, Shi S, Zhao Y, Wang C. Effects of cadmium and pyrene on earthworm-associated bacterial communities: Unveiling new perspectives for soil pollution management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 346:119037. [PMID: 37742565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms are considered to be excellent bioindicators of soil pollution. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in examining the effects of soil pollution on earthworm-associated microbiomes, with a particular focus on the gut microbiomes. However, relatively little effort has been invested in comprehensively investigating other microbiomes associated with earthworms and their responses to soil pollution. To fill this gap, we systematically studied the effects of Cd, pyrene, and combined pollution on the bacterial community in different vermicompartments, i.e., burrow wall, gut, and cast, in both epigeic Eisenia fetida and anecic Metaphire guillelmi, using a 2D-terraria incubator and high-throughput sequencing techniques. The results showed that bacterial alpha diversity followed the order of burrow wall > cast > gut, and this did not vary with soil pollution or earthworm ecotypes. Moreover, the dominant phyla in the vermicompartments were similar across different pollution treatments. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that the bacterial communities in different vermicompartments and ecotypes of earthworm were separated from each other, whereas they were grouped together in polluted treatments and unpolluted conditions. These results imply that even in polluted soil, vermicompartment and earthworm ecotypes remain the most significant factors affecting earthworm-associated microbiomes. However, the impacts of soil pollution on the bacterial composition in each vermicompartment were still evident. A comprehensive analysis revealed that the gut bacterial communities are more sensitive to soil contamination than casts and burrow wall in different ecotypes. Additionally, linear discriminant analysis of effect size (LefSe) identified several bacteria in Gemmatimonadota, the Firmicutes phylum in the burrow walls, and Patescibacteria (phyla) in the gut as potential biomarkers for pyrene contamination in soil. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of the effects of soil pollution on earthworm-associated microbiomes, thereby enhancing our understanding of earthworm ecotoxicology and soil pollution management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Shi
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China; Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, PR China.
| | - Wenwen Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China
| | - Shuyu Shi
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, PR China.
| | - Congying Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China; Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, PR China.
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5
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Tibihenda C, Zhong H, Liu K, Dai J, Lin X, Motelica-Heino M, Hou S, Zhang M, Lu Y, Xiao L, Zhang C. Ecologically different earthworm species are the driving force of microbial hotspots influencing Pb uptake by the leafy vegetable Brassica campestris. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1240707. [PMID: 37860140 PMCID: PMC10582336 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1240707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Food chain contamination by soil lead (Pb), beginning with Pb uptake by leafy vegetables, is a threat to food safety and poses a potential risk to human health. This study highlights the importance of two ecologically different earthworm species (the anecic species Amynthas aspergillum and the epigeic species Eisenia fetida) as the driving force of microbial hotspots to enhance Pb accumulation in the leafy vegetable Brassica campestris at different Pb contamination levels (0, 100, 500, and 1,000 mg·kg-1). The fingerprints of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) were employed to reveal the microbial mechanism of Pb accumulation involving earthworm-plant interaction, as PLFAs provide a general profile of soil microbial biomass and community structure. The results showed that Gram-positive (G+) bacteria dominated the microbial community. At 0 mg·kg-1 Pb, the presence of earthworms significantly reduced the total PLFAs. The maximum total of PLFAs was found at 100 mg·kg-1 Pb with E. fetida inoculation. A significant shift in the bacterial community was observed in the treatments with E. fetida inoculation at 500 and 1,000 mg·kg-1 Pb, where the G+/G- bacteria ratio was significantly decreased compared to no earthworm inoculation. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that E. fetida had a greater effect on soil microbial hotspots than A. aspergillum, thus having a greater effect on the Pb uptake by B. campestris. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil microbial biomass and structure explained 43.0% (R2 = 0.53) of the total variation in Pb uptake by B. campestris, compared to 9.51% of microbial activity. G- bacteria explained 23.2% of the total variation in the Pb uptake by B. campestris, significantly higher than the other microbes. The Mantel test showed that microbial properties significantly influenced Pb uptake by B. campestris under the driving force of earthworms. E. fetida inoculation was favorable for the G- bacterial community, whereas A. aspergillum inoculation was favorable for the fungal community. Both microbial communities facilitated the entry of Pb into the vegetable food chain system. This study delivers novel evidence and meaningful insights into how earthworms prime the microbial mechanism of Pb uptake by leafy vegetables by influencing soil microbial biomass and community composition. Comprehensive metagenomics analysis can be employed in future studies to identify the microbial strains promoting Pb migration and develop effective strategies to mitigate Pb contamination in food chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cevin Tibihenda
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Hesen Zhong
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexue Liu
- School of Resources and Planning, Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Dai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Lin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Shuyu Hou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Menghao Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhao Q, Zhang M, Wu Z, Li Y, Jiang J, Qiu J. Dynamics of bacterial community in the foregut and hindgut of earthworms with the nutrition supplied by kitchen waste during vermicomposting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 374:128777. [PMID: 36822551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Earthworm gut microbiota is vital in degrading bio-waste during vermicomposting. However, microbial dynamics in earthworm gut during this process are unclear. Thus, the aim is to firstly report the bacterial dynamics in both foregut and hindgut of earthworms over a 28 days' timeframe of vermicomposting by Eisenia foetida with the nutrition supplied by kitchen waste. Results showed that except the changing of the bacterial diversity, composition and structure, dynamics of the foregut and hindgut bacteria also differed during vermicomposting which related to the changes of nutrient provision. Day 3 was a turning point. The abundant bacteria of the top 20 % genera nearly did not overlap between the foregut and hindgut. In the end of vermicomposting, a remarkable stable bacterial structure appeared in the hindgut compared to somewhat muddled one in the foregut. Understanding the dynamics of earthworm gut microbiota enables the improvements to regulate the efficiency of organic waste vermicomposting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Manrui Zhang
- Center of Wuxi Agricultural Product Quality Monitoring, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Zexuan Wu
- Ecological Environment and Water Authority of Jiangbei New District, Nanjing 211899, China
| | - Yinsheng Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jibao Jiang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiangping Qiu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Wang HT, Liang ZZ, Ding J, Li G, Fu SL, Zhu D. Deciphering roles of microbiota in arsenic biotransformation from the earthworm gut and skin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130707. [PMID: 36603428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biotransformation mediated by microbes can affect the biogeochemical cycle of arsenic. However, arsenic biotransformation mediated by earthworm-related microorganisms has not been well explored, especially the role played by earthworm skin microbiota. Herein, we reveal the profiles of arsenic biotransformation genes (ABGs) and elucidate the microbial communities of the earthworm gut, skin, and surrounding soil from five different soil environments in China. The relative abundance of ABGs in the earthworm skin microbiota, which were dominated by genes associated with arsenate reduction and transport, was approximately three times higher than that in the surrounding soil and earthworm gut microbiota. The composition and diversity of earthworm skin microbiota differed significantly from those of the soil and earthworm gut, comprising a core bacterial community with a relative abundance of 96% Firmicutes and a fungal community with relative abundances of 50% Ascomycota and 13% Mucoromycota. In addition, stochastic processes mainly contributed to the microbial community assembly across all samples. Moreover, fungal genera such as Vishniacozyma and Oomyces were important mediators of ABGs involved in the biogeochemical cycle of arsenic. This is the first study to investigate earthworm skin as a reservoir of microbial diversity in arsenic biotransformation. Our findings broaden the current scientific knowledge of the involvement of earthworms in the arsenic biogeochemical cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zong-Zheng Liang
- Academy of Regional and Global Governance, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Jing Ding
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Fu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Zhang Y, Song K, Zhang J, Xu X, Ye G, Cao H, Chen M, Cai S, Cao X, Zheng X, Lv W. Removal of sulfamethoxazole and antibiotic resistance genes in paddy soil by earthworms (Pheretima guillelmi): Intestinal detoxification and stimulation of indigenous soil bacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158075. [PMID: 35985593 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vermiremediation, which use earthworms to remove contaminants from soil, has been proven to be an alternative, low-cost technology. However, the effects of earthworm activity, especially the degraders in earthworm intestines, on the fate of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and the effects of intestinal bacteria on degrading bacteria in soil are unclear. In this study, the effects of earthworms on the fate of SMX and related antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were investigated. Special attention was paid to the impact of earthworms on SMX degradation efficiency, degradation products, related ARGs, and degraders in both soil and earthworm intestines; the effect of intestinal bacteria on soil bacteria associated with SMX was also studied. Earthworms significantly accelerated SMX degradation by both intestinal detoxification and the stimulation of indigenous soil bacteria. Compared with the treatment without earthworms, the treatment with earthworms reduced SMX residues by 25.1 %, 49.2 %, 35.7 %, 34.2 %, and 35.7 % on the 10th, 20th, 30th, 60th, and 90th days, respectively. Compared with those in soil (treated with earthworms), the SMX residues in wormcasts were further reduced by 12.2-29.0 % from the 2nd to the 20th day, producing some unique anaerobic degradation products that were distinct from those in the soil. In earthworm intestines, SMX degradation was enhanced by bacteria of the genera Microvirga, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, Bacillus, and Tumebacillus. All of these bacteria (except Bacillus spp.) entered and colonised the soil with wormcasts, further promoting SMX degradation. Additionally, earthworms removed a significant number of ARGs by increasing the fraction of potential SMX degraders and inhibiting the potential hosts of ARGs and int1. This study demonstrated that earthworms could remediate SMX-contaminated soil by enhancing the removal of SMX and ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Ke Song
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Juanqin Zhang
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Geng Ye
- Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Service Center, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Service Center, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Ming Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Shumei Cai
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xianqing Zheng
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Weiguang Lv
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
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Hao C, de Jonge N, Zhu D, Feng L, Zhang B, Chen TW, Wu D, Nielsen JL. Food origin influences microbiota and stable isotope enrichment profiles of cold-adapted Collembola ( Desoria ruseki). Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1030429. [PMID: 36504791 PMCID: PMC9730247 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Collembola are a group of globally distributed microarthropods that can tolerate low temperature and are active in extremely cold environments. While it is well known that animal diets can shape their microbiota, the microbiota of soil animals is not well described, particularly for animals with limited food resources, such as Collembola active in winter at low temperatures. In this study, we explored the effects of three different food sources; corn litter (agriculture grain residuals), Mongolian oak litter (natural plant residuals), and yeast (common food for Collembola culture), on the microbiota of a winter-active Collembola species, Desoria ruseki. We found that microbial diversity and community composition of the Collembola were strongly altered after feeding with different food sources for 30 days. Collembola individuals fed on corn litter harbored the highest bacterial richness and were dominated by a representative of Microbacteriaceae. In contrast, those fed on yeast exhibited the lowest bacterial richness and were primarily colonized by Pseudomonas. The microbial communities associated with the winter-active Collembola differed significantly from those observed in the food. Collembola nutrient turnover also differed when cultured with different food sources, as indicated by the C and N stable isotopic signatures. Our study highlights microbial associations with stable isotopic enrichments of the host. Specifically, the Arthrobacter was positively correlated with δ13C enrichment in the host. Representatives of Microbacteriaceae, Micrococcaceae, TM7a, Devosia, and Rathayibacter were positively correlated with δ15N enrichment of the host. Our study indicates that food sources are major determinants for Collembola microbiota that simultaneously alter consumers' isotopic niches, thereby improving our understanding of the roles played by host-microbiota interactions in sustaining soil biodiversity during the winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Hao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China,Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Nadieh de Jonge
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Lichao Feng
- Forest Protection, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Wen Chen
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology and Biogeochemistry, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Donghui Wu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China,Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China,Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Donghui Wu,
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Yu X, Li X, Ren C, Wang J, Wang C, Zou Y, Wang X, Li G, Li Q. Co-composting with cow dung and subsequent vermicomposting improve compost quality of spent mushroom. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 358:127386. [PMID: 35636680 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine a feasible degrading process for spent mushroom (SMS) with high lignin content, the present work used cow dung (CD), SMS, and a mixture of CD and SMS as substrates and evaluated the effects of vermicomposting on the microflora and the quality of composting products. Bacterial (R2 = 0.548, P = 0.001) and fungal (R2 = 0.314, P = 0.005) community both were different between composting and vermicomposting. Vermicomposting and substrates affected enzyme activities indirectly by affecting ammonium, pH, total carbon, richness, and bacterial community composition. These results suggested that appropriate regulation of environmental factors may increase microbial activity. An increase in ion-exchange capacity (up to 139.8%), pH (6.9%), and nitrate (71.1%) and a decrease in total carbon (31.2%) and carbon/nitrogen ratio (32.1%) in vermicomposting indicated that earthworms could further improve product quality. Co-composting with CD and integrated subsequent vermicomposting efficiently promoted the maturity of SMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Yu
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Changqi Ren
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Jinchuang Wang
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Chaobi Wang
- Hainan Soil and Fertilizer Station, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Yukun Zou
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Xiongfei Wang
- Hainan Soil and Fertilizer Station, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Guangyi Li
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Qinfen Li
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
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11
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Huang K, Guan M, Chen J, Xu J, Xia H, Li Y. Biochars modify the degradation pathways of dewatered sludge by regulating active microorganisms during gut digestion of earthworms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154496. [PMID: 35288128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar can accelerate the degradation and mineralization of organic matter during vermicomposting of sludge and the resulted vermicompost is termed as vermi-char containing active enzymes and microorganisms. However, the mechanisms by which biochars affect vermicomposting of the dewatered sludge during gut digestion of earthworms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of biochar on the degradation pathways of organic matter and the involved active microorganisms in dewatered sludge during gut digestion of earthworms. The earthworms Eisenia fetida were fed on three sludge substrates; 1) sludge mixed with 5% corncob biochar, 2) sludge mixed 5% rice husk biochar, and 3) sludge without biochar. The results showed that dissolved organic carbon significantly decreased by 5.65%-21.81% after the 5-day gut digestion of earthworms (P < 0.05) and that biochar addition could accelerate the decomposition of aromatic protein-like substances. Contrarily, the nitrate in earthworms casting with biochars significantly increased by 47.32%-122.64% (P < 0.05) compared with the control. The numbers of active bacteria and eukaryotes in earthworm castings with biochars significantly enhanced by 1.34-1.45 times and 0.45-5.91 times, respectively, than the control (P < 0.05). Active Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated the castings with biochars significantly enriched by 76.18%-88.83% and 4.02%-18.59% (P < 0.05), respectively, compared to control. As for eukaryotes, the biochars amendment increased Cercozoa abundance by 114.23%-136.31% but decreased Annelida by 55.61%-75.88% in the castings. The partial least squares path model revealed that the biochars could change the content and structure of organic matter in earthworm castings during vermicomposting of sludge by affecting environmental factors, microbial abundance, and microbial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Mengxin Guan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jin Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hui Xia
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
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12
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The Functional Interplay between Gut Microbiota, Protein Hydrolysates/Bioactive Peptides, and Obesity: A Critical Review on the Study Advances. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020333. [PMID: 35204214 PMCID: PMC8868115 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet is an essential factor determining the ratio of pathogenic and beneficial gut microbiota. Hydrolysates and bioactive peptides have been described as crucial ingredients from food protein that potentially impact human health beyond their roles as nutrients. These compounds can exert benefits in the body, including modulation of the gut microbiota, and thus, they can reduce metabolic disorders. This review summarized studies on the interaction between hydrolysates/peptides, gut microbes, and obesity, focusing on how hydrolysates/peptides influence gut microbiota composition and function that improve body weight. Findings revealed that gut microbes could exert anti-obesity effects by controlling the host’s energy balance and food intake. They also exhibit activity against obesity-induced inflammation by changing the expression of inflammatory-related transcription factors. Protein hydrolysates/peptides can suppress the growth of pro-obesity gut bacteria but facilitate the proliferation of those with anti-obesity effects. The compounds provide growth factors to the beneficial gut bacteria and also improve their resistance against extreme pH. Hydrolysates/peptides are good candidates to target obesity and obesity-related complications. Thus, they can allow the development of novel strategies to fight incidences of obesity. Future studies are needed to understand absorption fate, utilization by gut microbes, and stability of hydrolysates/peptides in the gut under obesity.
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13
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Zhang M, Jin BJ, Bi QF, Li KJ, Sun CL, Lin XY, Zhu YG. Variations of earthworm gut bacterial community composition and metabolic functions in coastal upland soil along a 700-year reclamation chronosequence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:149994. [PMID: 34798714 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most ecosystem functions attributed to earthworms are mediated by their internal microbiomes, and these are sensitive to disturbances in the external environment. However, few studies have focused on the response of the earthworm gut microbiome to soil chronosequence. Here, we used 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR to investigate the variations in bacterial communities and functional gene abundance in earthworm (Lumbricina sp.) guts and upland soils under 700 years of cultivation. Our results indicated that 700 years of upland cultivation significantly shaped bacterial communities and increased functional traits of microbes in earthworm guts, which were more sensitive to cultivation age compared to the surrounding soils. The earthworm gut bacterial community changed rapidly over the first 300 years of cultivation and then changed slowly in the following centuries. Along with the cultivation age, we also observed that the earthworm gut microbiota was successive towards a copiotrophic strategy (e.g., Xanthobacteraceae, Nocardioidaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, and Bacillaceae) and higher potential functions (e.g., ureC, nirS, nosZ, phoD, and pqqC). Furthermore, canonical correspondence analysis further revealed that soil pH, C:N ratio, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen were key abiotic drivers shaping earthworm gut bacterial communities. Taken together, this study reveals the succession of bacterial communities and potential functions in earthworm guts within 700 years of upland cultivation, which may provide a broader space for us to rationally exploit and utilize the interactions between soil and earthworm gut microbiotas to benefit the soil nutrient cycling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Bing-Jie Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Qing-Fang Bi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Ke-Jie Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Cheng-Liang Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Xian-Yong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
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14
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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Shi X, Xu L, Zhang L, Zhang L. The succession of GH 6 cellulase-producing microbial communities and temporal profile of GH 6 gene abundance during vermicomposting of maize stover and cow dung. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126242. [PMID: 34744029 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vermicomposting eco-friendly converts lignocellulosic wastes into bio-organic fertilizer. Cellulose is the most abundant carbohydrate in lignocellulose. Glycoside hydrolase family 6 (GH6) plays a key role in the early step of cellulose degradation, which is essential for stabilizing lignocellulose. This study intends to quantify the abundance of GH6 gene and to clarify the succession of GH6 cellulase-producing microbial communities during vermicomposting. 100% of maize stover (A) and maize stover and cow dung at 60:40 ratio (B) were used. The results showed that different native genera were observed in the starting materials. Cellulomonas and Cellulosimicrobium were dominant genera harboring GH6 gene. The peak relative abundance of Cellulomonas was 76% and 30% in B and A during vermicomposting phase, and the corresponding values of Cellulosimicrobium was 36% and 37%. Earthworms increased the abundance of GH6 gene, which reached 1.51E + 09 from 3.46E + 08 copies/g in B. The results partially interpreted promoting effect of earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Chen
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Costal Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, MS 39567, United States
| | - Xiong Shi
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lixin Xu
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Luwen Zhang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
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15
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Wang N, Wang W, Jiang Y, Dai W, Li P, Yao D, Wang J, Shi Y, Cui Z, Cao H, Dong Y, Wang H. Variations in bacterial taxonomic profiles and potential functions in response to the gut transit of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) feeding on cow manure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 787:147392. [PMID: 34000543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms play an important role in the organic matter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems. Earthworms interact directly with the microorganisms to affect the organic matter decomposition via gut transit, i.e., the digestion and assimilation of organic matter in the foregut and midgut and its excretion by the hindgut. However, how the microbial community ingested by earthworms respond to the transit processes in different gut segments of earthworms is not clear. We used composted cow manure to feed earthworms and sampled vermicompost and the contents of foregut, midgut and hindgut for bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. We observed that earthworm gut transit decreased the abundances of the dominant phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes but increased Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria. The alpha diversity of bacterial community in midgut was the lowest of the different gut segments, and the bacterial community structure of the foregut was significantly different from the midgut and hindgut. The enrichment analysis results revealed different selective stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the ingested bacterial community in the different gut segments, which extended to vermicompost. The FAPROTAX data indicated that C and N metabolic microbes were enriched in the earthworm gut. Microbes involved in fermentation and methanogenesis were enriched in the hindgut, and denitrification microbes were enriched in the foregut. The N metabolism microbes in vermicompost were significantly enriched after the stimulation of earthworm gut transit (P < 0.05), and the pathogenic microbes of animals and plants were inhibited. Combined with the results of subsequent correlation and biochemical analyses, earthworm gut transit significantly altered the structure and function of the bacterial community to accelerate the degradation and mineralization of organic matter and the enrichment of phosphorus and potassium. Our study suggests that the gut transit process of earthworms plays an important role in regulating organic matter dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yuji Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wei Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Pengfa Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dandan Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Jieling Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhongli Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanhua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China.
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16
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Xiao R, Liu X, Ali A, Chen A, Zhang M, Li R, Chang H, Zhang Z. Bioremediation of Cd-spiked soil using earthworms (Eisenia fetida): Enhancement with biochar and Bacillus megatherium application. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128517. [PMID: 33049509 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the influence of biochar and Bacillus megatherium on Cd removal from artificially contaminated soils using earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Within a 35-days remediation period, over 30% of Cd was removed by earthworms from the contaminated soil (with Cd at ∼ 2.5 mg kg-1), and both additives facilitated Cd removal. Additionally, over 22% reduction in the extractable Cd contents was also achieved by earthworms. Cd accumulated in earthworms steadily increased through remediation, and the accumulated Cd decreased in the order of earthworm + biochar (T3) > earthworm + Bacillus megatherium (T4) > earthworm alone (T2). The bioaccumulation factors (BCF) were above 1, indicating the enrichment of Cd in earthworms, and there were higher BCF for both T4 (944%) and T3 (845%). The ingestion of metal-bonded biochar particle and the elevated Cd mobility would be the main reason for the enhanced Cd-remediation by earthworms under T3 and T4, respectively. Through remediation, microbiota communities in both, soil and earthworm guts, demonstrated high similarity, while a lower level of bacterial abundance was observed in earthworm guts compared with that in soils. Eventually, soils became more fertile and demonstrated higher enzyme activities after remediation. Therefore, we concluded that earthworm, alone or combined with biochar or Bacillus megatherium could be an alternative method for Cd-contaminated soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xiao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Anle Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Muyuan Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Hong Chang
- College of Resource and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
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17
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Wang S, Lv Z, Zhao W, Wang L, He N. Collagen peptide from Walleye pollock skin attenuated obesity and modulated gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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