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Lopez-Chavez A, Thomas A, Rajan A, Raffeld M, Morrow B, Kelly R, Carter CA, Guha U, Killian K, Lau CC, Abdullaev Z, Xi L, Pack S, Meltzer PS, Corless CL, Sandler A, Beadling C, Warrick A, Liewehr DJ, Steinberg SM, Berman A, Doyle A, Szabo E, Wang Y, Giaccone G. Molecular profiling and targeted therapy for advanced thoracic malignancies: a biomarker-derived, multiarm, multihistology phase II basket trial. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:1000-7. [PMID: 25667274 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.58.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We conducted a basket clinical trial to assess the feasibility of such a design strategy and to independently evaluate the effects of multiple targeted agents against specific molecular aberrations in multiple histologic subtypes concurrently. PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small-cell lung cancer, and thymic malignancies who underwent genomic characterization of oncogenic drivers. Patients were enrolled onto a not-otherwise-specified arm and treated with standard-of-care therapies or one of the following five biomarker-matched treatment groups: erlotinib for EGFR mutations; selumetinib for KRAS, NRAS, HRAS, or BRAF mutations; MK2206 for PIK3CA, AKT, or PTEN mutations; lapatinib for ERBB2 mutations or amplifications; and sunitinib for KIT or PDGFRA mutations or amplification. RESULTS Six hundred forty-seven patients were enrolled, and 88% had their tumors tested for at least one gene. EGFR mutation frequency was 22.1% in NSCLC, and erlotinib achieved a response rate of 60% (95% CI, 32.3% to 83.7%). KRAS mutation frequency was 24.9% in NSCLC, and selumetinib failed to achieve its primary end point, with a response rate of 11% (95% CI, 0% to 48%). Completion of accrual to all other arms was not feasible. In NSCLC, patients with EGFR mutations had the longest median survival (3.51 years; 95% CI, 2.89 to 5.5 years), followed by those with ALK rearrangements (2.94 years; 95% CI, 1.66 to 4.61 years), those with KRAS mutations (2.3 years; 95% CI, 2.3 to 2.17 years), those with other genetic abnormalities (2.17 years; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.74 years), and those without an actionable mutation (1.85 years; 95% CI, 1.61 to 2.13 years). CONCLUSION This basket trial design was not feasible for many of the arms with rare mutations, but it allowed the study of the genetics of less common malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Anish Thomas
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Arun Rajan
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Betsy Morrow
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Ronan Kelly
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Corey Allan Carter
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Udayan Guha
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Keith Killian
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Christopher C Lau
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Zied Abdullaev
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Liqiang Xi
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Svetlana Pack
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Paul S Meltzer
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Christopher L Corless
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Alan Sandler
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Carol Beadling
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Andrea Warrick
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - David J Liewehr
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Seth M Steinberg
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Arlene Berman
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Austin Doyle
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Eva Szabo
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Yisong Wang
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Giuseppe Giaccone
- Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Anish Thomas, Arun Rajan, Mark Raffeld, Betsy Morrow, Ronan Kelly, Corey Allan Carter, Udayan Guha, Keith Killian, Christopher C. Lau, Zied Abdullaev, Liqiang Xi, Svetlana Pack, Paul S. Meltzer, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Arlene Berman, Eva Szabo, Yisong Wang, and Giuseppe Giaccone, National Cancer Institute; Austin Doyle, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Bethesda, MD; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Christopher L. Corless, Alan Sandler, Carol Beadling, and Andrea Warrick, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL; and Yisong Wang and Giuseppe Giaccone, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
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