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Trezza A, Mugnaini C, Corelli F, Santucci A, Spiga O. In Silico Multi-Target Approach Revealed Potential Lead Compounds as Scaffold for the Synthesis of Chemical Analogues Targeting SARS-CoV-2. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:465. [PMID: 35336838 PMCID: PMC8945274 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease that spreads rapidly in humans. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying a multi-target-directed ligand approach would open up new opportunities for drug discovery to combat COVID-19. The aim of this work was to perform a virtual screening of an exclusive chemical library of about 1700 molecules containing both pharmacologically active compounds and synthetic intermediates to propose potential protein inhibitors for use against SARS-CoV-2. In silico analysis showed that our compounds triggered an interaction network with key residues of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-protein), blocking trimer formation and interaction with the human receptor hACE2, as well as with the main 3C-like protease (3CLpro), inhibiting their biological function. Our data may represent a step forward in the search for potential new chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Trezza
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Claudia Mugnaini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Federico Corelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ottavia Spiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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S N C S, Sengupta P, Palawat S, P S D, George G, Paul AT. Synthesis, molecular modelling, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of conophylline inspired novel benzyloxy substituted indole glyoxylamides as potent pancreatic lipase inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:9530-9542. [PMID: 34032197 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1930168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic lipase is a digestive enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of dietary fats. Orlistat, a potent pancreatic lipase inhibitor, is widely prescribed for long-term obesity treatment. Nevertheless, orlistat is reported for severe adverse effects including hepatotoxicity and pancreatitis. In the present study, a novel series of 11 benzyloxy substituted indole glyoxylamides were designed, synthesized and evaluated for in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. Three analogues, 10b, 11b and 11c, exhibited potent activity (IC50 ≤ 2.5 µM), with 11b exhibiting a potent IC50 of 1.68 µM comparable to orlistat (IC50 = 0.99 µM). Further, 11b exhibited reversible competitive inhibition with an inhibitory constant value of 0.98 μM. Molecular docking of these analogues was in agreement with in vitro results, wherein the MolDock scores exhibited significant correlation with their inhibitory activity (Pearson's r = 0.7122). A 50 ns molecular dynamics simulation of 11b-pancreatic lipase complex confirmed the role of extended alkyl interactions along with π-π stacking and π-cation interactions, in stabilizing the ligand (Maximum RMSD ≈ 3 Å) in the active site. Gastro-intestinal absorption and toxicity prediction of the three potent analogues highlighted the suitability of 11b for in vivo experiments. 11b at a dose of 20 mg/kg exhibited anti-obesity efficacy comparable to orlistat (10 mg/kg), wherein the serum triglycerides were found to be 94.95 and 83.85 mg/dL, respectively. Further, faecal triglyceride quantification indicated 11b to act through pancreatic lipase inhibition similar to orlistat. The present study identified a novel pancreatic lipase inhibitory benzyloxy substituted bis(indolyl) glyoxylamide 11b, with promising anti-obesity activity.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar S N C
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pracheta Sengupta
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Saksham Palawat
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dileep P S
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ginson George
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Atish T Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
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El-Azzouny AMAES, Aboul-Enein MN, Hamissa MF. Structural and biological survey of 7-chloro-4-(piperazin-1-yl)quinoline and its derivatives. Drug Dev Res 2020; 81:786-802. [PMID: 32385857 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The 7-chloro-4-(piperazin-1-yl)quinoline structure is an important scaffold in medicinal chemistry. It exhibited either alone or as hybrid with other active pharmacophores diverse pharmacological profiles such as: antimalarial, antiparasitic, anti-HIV, antidiabetic, anticancer, sirtuin Inhibitors, dopamine-3 ligands, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and serotonin antagonists. In the presented review, a comprehensive discussion of compounds having this structural core is surveyed and illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida M Abd El-Sattar El-Azzouny
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nabil Aboul-Enein
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Farouk Hamissa
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Biomolecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Modica MN, Lacivita E, Intagliata S, Salerno L, Romeo G, Pittalà V, Leopoldo M. Structure-Activity Relationships and Therapeutic Potentials of 5-HT 7 Receptor Ligands: An Update. J Med Chem 2018; 61:8475-8503. [PMID: 29767995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin 5-HT7 receptor (5-HT7R) has been the subject of intense research efforts because of its presence in brain areas such as the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and cortex. Preclinical data link the 5-HT7R to a variety of central nervous system processes including the regulation of circadian rhythms, mood, cognition, pain processing, and mechanisms of addiction. 5-HT7R blockade has antidepressant effects and may ameliorate cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia. 5-HT7R has been recently shown to modulate neuronal morphology, excitability, and plasticity, thus contributing to shape brain networks during development and to remodel neuronal wiring in the mature brain. Therefore, the activation of 5-HT7R has been proposed as a therapeutic approach for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders associated with abnormal neuronal connectivity. This Perspective celebrates the silver jubilee of the discovery of 5-HT7R by providing a survey of recent studies on the medicinal chemistry of 5-HT7R ligands and on the neuropharmacology of 5-HT7R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N Modica
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università di Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy
| | - Enza Lacivita
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro , Via Orabona 4 , 70125 Bari , Italy
| | - Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Florida , Medical Science Building, 1345 Center Drive , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università di Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Romeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università di Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università di Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro , Via Orabona 4 , 70125 Bari , Italy
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Kowalski P, Śliwa P, Satała G, Kurczab R, Bartos I, Zuchowicz K. The Effect of Carboxamide/Sulfonamide Replacement in Arylpiperazinylalkyl Derivatives on Activity to Serotonin and Dopamine Receptors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 350. [PMID: 28846141 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of carboxamide and sulfonamide alkyl (p-xylyl and benzyl) 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (o-OMe-PhP) and 1-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)piperazine (2,3-DCPP) analogs were prepared and tested for their affinity to bind to serotonin 5-HT1A /5-HT6 /5-HT7 and dopamine D2 receptors. This chemical modification let us explore the impact of the replacement of the carboxamide by the sulfonamide group on the affinity changes. In both the o-OMe-PhP and 2,3-DCPP series, the relative activities of the carboxamides versus sulfonamides toward the 5-HT1A /5-HT6 /5-HT7 and D2 receptors show similar trends. Varied or similar activities for particular receptors were found for the carboxamides/sulfonamides with p-xylyl spacer, while of the two classes of carboxamides and sulfonamides examined, benzyl derivatives of the sulfonamides displayed the highest serotoninergic affinity, in particular to the 5-HT7 receptors (Ki 8-85 nM). The Ki values revealed that, irrespective of the carboxamide/sulfonamide zone, both p-xylyl and benzyl derivatives had the highest affinity for the dopamine D2 receptor (i.e., 16 out of 24 compounds investigated have an affinity below 100 nM). A molecular modeling study of carboxamide 9a and sulfonamide 9b showed that their binding effects to each of 5-HT1A R and D2 R created binding modes interaction with different conserved receptors residues. Structural similarities of carboxamide 9a in complexes with a 5-HT1A R (9aI) and D2 R (9aII) are over 83%, while the respective similarities of sulfonamide 9b structures (9bI/9bII) are only about 40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kowalski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Śliwa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Kurczab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ilona Bartos
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karol Zuchowicz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
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Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of 1-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-2-(4-diarylmethylpiperazine-1-yl)ethane-1,2-dione Derivatives. J CHEM-NY 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/4617454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Several new 1-(4-diarylmethylpiperazine-1-yl)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethane-1,2-dione derivatives were synthesized by acylation of 1-diarylmethylpiperazine with 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxoacetyl chloride. Their structures were confirmed by1H NMR, IR, mass spectra, and elemental analysis. These compounds were further evaluated for their anticancer activity, and most of them were found to have moderate-to-potent antiproliferative activities against Hela, A-549, and ECA-109 cancer cell linesin vitro.
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Towards new 5-HT7 antagonists among arylsulfonamide derivatives of (aryloxy)ethyl-alkyl amines: Multiobjective based design, synthesis, and antidepressant and anxiolytic properties. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 108:334-346. [PMID: 26698537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 39 arylsulfonamide/amide derivatives of (aryloxy)ethyl alkyl amines, was designed with the support of the Virtual Combinatorial Library-Virtual Screening protocol, and synthesized using solid-phase methodologies. Representative compounds were biologically evaluated for their affinity for 5-HT7Rs and for their selectivity over related 5-HTRs (5-HT1ARs, 5-HT2ARs, 5-HT6Rs), dopamine D2Rs and adrenergic α1Rs. The study identified the derivatives 27 (3-fluoro-N-{1-[2-(2-cyclopentylphenoxy)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}-benzenesulfonamide; PZ-1417) and 35 (4-fluoro-N-(1-{2-[(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethyl}-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl)-benzenesulfonamide; PZ-1150) as being potent 5-HT7R antagonists with antidepressant and anxiolytic properties in the forced swim test (0.625-5 mg/kg and 0.625 mg/kg, respectively), the tail suspension test (0.625 mg/kg and 0.625 mg/kg, respectively), and in four plate test (0.625 mg/kg and 1.25-2.5 mg/kg, respectively) in mice. It has to be stressed that new compounds displayed higher activity than that of SB-269970, a reference 5-HT7R antagonist. Finally, the study provided valuable insight into the development of potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of CNS disorders.
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