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Vergoten G, Bailly C. Interaction of Norsecurinine-Type Oligomeric Alkaloids with α-Tubulin: A Molecular Docking Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1269. [PMID: 38732484 PMCID: PMC11085049 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The medicinal plant Securinega virosa (Roxb ex. Willd) Baill., also known as Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle, is commonly used in traditional medicine in Africa and Asia for the management of diverse pathologies, such as parasite infections, diabetes, and gastrointestinal diseases. Numerous alkaloids have been isolated from the twigs and leaves of the plant, notably a variety of oligomeric indolizidine alkaloids derived from the monomers securinine and norsecurinine which both display anticancer properties. The recent discovery that securinine can bind to tubulin and inhibit microtubule assembly prompted us to investigate the potential binding of two series of alkaloids, fluevirosines A-H and fluevirosinine A-J, with the tubulin dimer by means of molecular modeling. These natural products are rare high-order alkaloids with tri-, tetra-, and pentameric norsecurinine motifs. Despite their large size (up to 2500 Å3), these alkaloids can bind easily to the large drug-binding cavity (about 4800 Å3) on α-tubulin facing the β-tubulin unit. The molecular docking analysis suggests that these hydrophobic macro-alkaloids can form stable complexes with α/β-tubulin. The tubulin-binding capacity varies depending on the alkaloid size and structure. Structure-binding relationships are discussed. The docking analysis identifies the trimer fluevirosine D, tetramer fluevirosinine D, and pentamer fluevirosinine H as the most interesting tubulin ligands in the series. This study is the first to propose a molecular target for these atypical oligomeric Securinega alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Vergoten
- U1286—INFINITE, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL), Faculté de Pharmacie, University of Lille, 3 rue du Professeur Laguesse, 59006 Lille, France
| | - Christian Bailly
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, OncoLille Institut, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lille, 59006 Lille, France
- OncoWitan, Scientific Consulting Office, 59290 Lille, France
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2
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Yakkala PA, Rahaman S, Soukya PSL, Begum SA, Kamal A. An update on the development on tubulin inhibitors for the treatment of solid tumors. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:193-220. [PMID: 38618889 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2341630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microtubules play a vital role in cancer therapeutics. They are implicated in tumorigenesis, thus inhibiting tubulin polymerization in cancer cells, and have now become a significant target for anticancer drug development. A plethora of drug molecules has been crafted to influence microtubule dynamics and presently, numerous tubulin inhibitors are being investigated. This review discusses the recently developed inhibitors including natural products, and also examines the preclinical and clinical data of some potential molecules. AREA COVERED The current review article summarizes the development of tubulin inhibitors while detailing their specific binding sites. It also discusses the newly designed inhibitors that may be useful in the treatment of solid tumors. EXPERT OPINION Microtubules play a crucial role in cellular processes, especially in cancer therapy where inhibiting tubulin polymerization holds promise. Ongoing trials signify a commitment to revolutionizing cancer treatment and exploring targeted therapies. Challenges in microtubule modulation, like resistance and off-target effects, demand focused efforts, emphasizing combination therapies and personalized treatments. Beyond microtubules, promising avenues in cancer research include immunotherapy, genomic medicine, CRISPR gene editing, liquid biopsies, AI diagnostics, and stem cell therapy, showcasing a holistic approach for future advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Anjaneyulu Yakkala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shaik Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - P S Lakshmi Soukya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sajeli Ahil Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Environment, Forests, Science & Technology, Telangana State Council of Science & Technology, Hyderabad, India
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3
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Peerzada MN, Dar MS, Verma S. Development of tubulin polymerization inhibitors as anticancer agents. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2023; 33:797-820. [PMID: 38054831 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2023.2291390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microtubules are intracellular, filamentous, polymeric structures that extend throughout the cytoplasm, composed of α-tubulin and β-tubulin subunits. They regulate many cellular functions including cell polarity, cell shape, mitosis, intracellular transport, cell signaling, gene expression, cell integrity, and are associated with tumorigenesis. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization within tumor cells represents a crucial focus in the pursuit of developing anticancer treatments. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the natural product and their synthetic congeners as tubulin inhibitors along with their site of interaction on tubulin. This review also covers the developed novel tubulin inhibitors and important patents focusing on the development of tubulin inhibition for cancer treatment reported from 2018 to 2023. The scientific and patent literature has been searched on PubMed, Espacenet, ScienceDirect, and Patent Guru from 2018-2023. EXPERT OPINION Tubulin is one of the promising targets explored extensively for drug discovery. Compounds binding in the colchicine site could be given importance because they can elude resistance mediated by the P-glycoprotein efflux pump and no colchicine site binding inhibitor is approved by FDA so far. The research on the development of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) for tubluin polymerization inhibition could be significant strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Nabi Peerzada
- Tumor Biology Department, Drug Discovery Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Sultan Dar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sub-District Hospital Sopore, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Saurabh Verma
- Tumor Biology Department, Drug Discovery Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, India
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Boček Pavlinac I, Dragić M, Persoons L, Daelemans D, Hranjec M. Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of 2,6-Disubstituted Imidazo[4,5- b]pyridines Prepared by Suzuki Cross Coupling. Molecules 2023; 28:7208. [PMID: 37894686 PMCID: PMC10608878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 2,6-diphenyl substituted imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines was designed and synthesized using optimized Suzuki cross coupling to evaluate their biological activity in vitro. The conditions of the Suzuki coupling were evaluated and optimized using a model reaction. To study the influence of the substituents on the biological activity, we prepared N-unsubstituted and N-methyl substituted imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines with different substituents at the para position on the phenyl ring placed at position 6 on the heterocyclic scaffold. Antiproliferative activity was determined on diverse human cancer cell lines, and the selectivity of compounds with promising antiproliferative activity was determined on normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Pronounced antiproliferative activity was observed for p-hydroxy substituted derivatives 13 and 19, both displaying strong activity against most of the tested cell lines (IC50 1.45-4.25 μM). The unsubstituted N-methyl derivative 19 proved to be the most active derivative. There was a dose-dependent accumulation of G2/M arrested cells in several cancer cell lines after exposure to compound 19, implying a cell cycle-phase-specific mechanism of action. Additionally, the novel series of derivatives was evaluated for antiviral activity against a broad panel of viruses, yet the majority of tested compounds did not show antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Boček Pavlinac
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.B.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Mirna Dragić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.B.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Leentje Persoons
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Marijana Hranjec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.B.P.); (M.D.)
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5
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Kornicka A, Gzella K, Garbacz K, Jarosiewicz M, Gdaniec M, Fedorowicz J, Balewski Ł, Kokoszka J, Ordyszewska A. Indole-Acrylonitrile Derivatives as Potential Antitumor and Antimicrobial Agents-Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:918. [PMID: 37513830 PMCID: PMC10386429 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 2-(1H-indol-2-yl)-3-acrylonitrile derivatives, 2a-x, 3, 4a-b, 5a-d, 6a-b, and 7, were synthesized as potential antitumor and antimicrobial agents. The structures of the prepared compounds were evaluated based on elemental analysis, IR, 1H- and 13NMR, as well as MS spectra. X-ray crystal analysis of the representative 2-(1H-indol-2-yl)-3-acrylonitrile 2l showed that the acrylonitrile double bond was Z-configured. All compounds were screened at the National Cancer Institute (USA) for their activities against a panel of approximately 60 human tumor cell lines and the relationship between structure and in vitro antitumor activity is discussed. Compounds of interest 2l and 5a-d showed significant growth inhibition potency against various tumor cell lines with the mean midpoint GI50 values of all tests in the range of 0.38-7.91 μM. The prominent compound with remarkable activity (GI50 = 0.0244-5.06 μM) and high potency (TGI = 0.0866-0.938 μM) against some cell lines of leukemia (HL-60(TB)), non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H522), colon cancer (COLO 205), CNS cancer (SF-539, SNB-75), ovarian cancer ((OVCAR-3), renal cancer (A498, RXF 393), and breast cancer (MDA-MB-468) was 3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-2-(1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)acrylonitrile (5c). Moreover, the selected 2-(1H-indol-2-yl)-3-acrylonitriles 2a-c and 2e-x were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens as well as Candida albicans. Among them, 2-(1H-indol-2-yl)-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)acrylonitrile (2x) showed the most potent antimicrobial activity and therefore it can be considered as a lead structure for further development of antimicrobial agents. Finally, molecular docking studies as well as drug-likeness and ADME profile prediction were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karol Gzella
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Garbacz
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jarosiewicz
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Fedorowicz
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Łukasz Balewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Kokoszka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Ordyszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Centers, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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6
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Kumar A, Singh AK, Singh H, Vijayan V, Kumar D, Naik J, Thareja S, Yadav JP, Pathak P, Grishina M, Verma A, Khalilullah H, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Kumar P. Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:299. [PMID: 37259442 PMCID: PMC9965678 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major healthcare challenges across the globe. Several anticancer drugs are available on the market but they either lack specificity or have poor safety, severe side effects, and suffer from resistance. So, there is a dire need to develop safer and target-specific anticancer drugs. More than 85% of all physiologically active pharmaceuticals are heterocycles or contain at least one heteroatom. Nitrogen heterocycles constituting the most common heterocyclic framework. In this study, we have compiled the FDA approved heterocyclic drugs with nitrogen atoms and their pharmacological properties. Moreover, we have reported nitrogen containing heterocycles, including pyrimidine, quinolone, carbazole, pyridine, imidazole, benzimidazole, triazole, β-lactam, indole, pyrazole, quinazoline, quinoxaline, isatin, pyrrolo-benzodiazepines, and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines, which are used in the treatment of different types of cancer, concurrently covering the biochemical mechanisms of action and cellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Harshwardhan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Veena Vijayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Jashwanth Naik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Jagat Pal Yadav
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rama University, Kanpur 209217, India
| | - Prateek Pathak
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, 454008 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Maria Grishina
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, 454008 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Amita Verma
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India
| | - Habibullah Khalilullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unayzah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
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7
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Upadhyay R, Khalifa Z, Patel AB. Indole Fused Benzimidazole Hybrids: A Promising Combination to Fulfill Pharmacological Significance. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2140171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachana Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Daman (Affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat), Daman, India
| | - Zebabanu Khalifa
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Daman (Affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat), Daman, India
| | - Amit B. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Daman (Affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat), Daman, India
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8
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Synthesis of new morpholine-benzimidazole-pyrazole hybrids as tubulin polymerization inhibiting anticancer agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Boček I, Hok L, Persoons L, Daelemans D, Vianello R, Hranjec M. Imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derived tubulin polymerization inhibitors: Design, synthesis, biological activity in vitro and computational analysis. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106032. [PMID: 35872398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derived acrylonitriles were synthesized and explored for their in vitro antiproliferative effect on a diverse human cancer cell line panel. Three compounds, 20, 21 and 33, showed strong activity in the submicromolar range (IC50 0.2-0.6 μM), and were chosen for further biological experiments. Immunofluorescence staining and tubulin polymerization assays confirmed tubulin as the main target, but excluded its colchicine-binding site as a potential interacting unit. This was supported by the computational analysis, which revealed that the most potent ligands act on the extended colchicine site on the surface between interacting tubulin subunits, where they interfere with their polymerization and reveal pronounced antitumor properties. In addition, lead molecule 21 potently inhibited cancer cell migration, while it did not affect the viability of normal cells even at the highest concentration tested (100 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Boček
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Hok
- Laboratory for the Computational Design and Synthesis of Functional Materials, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Leentje Persoons
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Vianello
- Laboratory for the Computational Design and Synthesis of Functional Materials, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marijana Hranjec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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10
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Fenbendazole and its synthetic analog interfere with HeLa cells’ proliferation and energy metabolism via inducing oxidative stress and modulating MEK3/6-p38-MAPK pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 361:109983. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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11
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Biological evaluation of novel bicyclic heteroaromatic benzazole derived acrylonitriles: synthesis, antiproliferative and antibacterial activity. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02915-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Beč A, Mioč M, Bertoša B, Kos M, Debogović P, Kralj M, Starčević K, Hranjec M. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and QSAR analysis of novel N-substituted benzimidazole derived carboxamides. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1327-1339. [PMID: 35514167 PMCID: PMC9090388 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2070910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As a result of our previous research focussed on benzimidazoles, herein we present design, synthesis, QSAR analysis and biological activity of novel N-substituted benzimidazole derived carboxamides. Carboxamides were designed to study the influence of the number of methoxy groups, the type of the substituent placed at the benzimidazole core on biological activity. Pronounced antioxidative activity displayed unsubstituted 28 (IC50 ≈ 3.78 mM, 538.81 mmolFe2+/mmolC) and dimethoxy substituted derivative 34 (IC50 ≈ 5.68 mM, 618.10 mmolFe2+/mmolC). Trimethoxy substituted 43 and unsubstituted compound 40 with isobutyl side chain at N atom showed strong activity against HCT116 (IC50 ≈ 0.6 µM, both) and H 460 cells (IC50 ≈ 2.5 µM; 0.4 µM), being less cytotoxic towards non-tumour cell. Antioxidative activity in cell generally confirmed relatively modest antioxidant capacity obtained in DPPH/FRAP assays of derivatives 34 and 40. The 3D-QSAR models were generated to explore molecular properties that have the highest influence on antioxidative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Beč
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Mioč
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branimir Bertoša
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Kos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Patricia Debogović
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijeta Kralj
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Hranjec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Feng LS, Su WQ, Cheng JB, Xiao T, Li HZ, Chen DA, Zhang ZL. Benzimidazole hybrids as anticancer drugs: An updated review on anticancer properties, structure-activity relationship, and mechanisms of action (2019-2021). Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200051. [PMID: 35385159 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer, characterized by a deregulation of the cell cycle which mainly results in a progressive loss of cellular differentiation and uncontrolled cellular growth, remains a prominent cause of death across the world. Almost all currently available anticancer agents used in clinical practice have developed multidrug resistance, creating an urgent need to develop novel chemotherapeutics. Benzimidazole derivatives could exert anticancer properties through diverse mechanisms, inclusive of the disruption of microtubule polymerization, the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle (G2/M) arrest, antiangiogenesis, and blockage of glucose transport. Moreover, several benzimidazole-based agents have already been approved for the treatment of cancers. Hence, benzimidazole derivatives are useful scaffolds for the development of novel anticancer agents. In particular, benzimidazole hybrids could exert dual or multiple antiproliferative activities and had the potential to overcome drug resistance, demonstrating the potential of benzimidazole hybrids as potential prototypes for clinical deployment in the control and eradication of cancers. The purpose of the present review article is to provide a comprehensive landscape of benzimidazole hybrids as potential anticancer agents, and the structure-activity relationship as well as mechanisms of action are also discussed to facilitate the further rational design of more effective candidates, covering articles published from 2019 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Shun Feng
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qi Su
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Bo Cheng
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xiao
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ze Li
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - De-An Chen
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Liu Zhang
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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14
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Ebenezer O, Shapi M, Tuszynski JA. A Review of the Recent Developments of Molecular Hybrids Targeting Tubulin Polymerization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4001. [PMID: 35409361 PMCID: PMC8999808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are cylindrical protein polymers formed from αβ-tubulin heterodimers in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Microtubule disturbance may cause cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and anomalous mitotic spindles will form. Microtubules are an important target for cancer drug action because of their critical role in mitosis. Several microtubule-targeting agents with vast therapeutic advantages have been developed, but they often lead to multidrug resistance and adverse side effects. Thus, single-target therapy has drawbacks in the effective control of tubulin polymerization. Molecular hybridization, based on the amalgamation of two or more pharmacophores of bioactive conjugates to engender a single molecular structure with enhanced pharmacokinetics and biological activity, compared to their parent molecules, has recently become a promising approach in drug development. The practical application of combined active scaffolds targeting tubulin polymerization inhibitors has been corroborated in the past few years. Meanwhile, different designs and syntheses of novel anti-tubulin hybrids have been broadly studied, illustrated, and detailed in the literature. This review describes various molecular hybrids with their reported structural-activity relationships (SARs) where it is possible in an effort to generate efficacious tubulin polymerization inhibitors. The aim is to create a platform on which new active scaffolds can be modeled for improved tubulin polymerization inhibitory potency and hence, the development of new therapeutic agents against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwakemi Ebenezer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Umlazi 4031, South Africa; (O.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Shapi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Umlazi 4031, South Africa; (O.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Jack A. Tuszynski
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- DIMEAS, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
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15
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Unsal Tan O, Zengin M. Insights into the chemistry and therapeutic potential of acrylonitrile derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 355:e2100383. [PMID: 34763365 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acrylonitrile is a fascinating scaffold widely found in many natural products, drugs, and drug candidates with various biological activities. Several drug molecules such as entacapone, rilpivirine, teriflunomide, and so forth, bearing an acrylonitrile moiety have been marketed. In this review, diverse synthetic strategies for constructing desired acrylonitriles are discussed, and the different biological activities and medicinal significance of various acrylonitrile derivatives are critically evaluated. The information gathered is expected to provide rational guidance for the development of clinically useful agents from acrylonitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oya Unsal Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Zengin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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16
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Boček I, Starčević K, Novak Jovanović I, Vianello R, Hranjec M. Novel imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derived acrylonitriles: A combined experimental and computational study of their antioxidative potential. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Razavian Mofrad R, Kabirifard H, Tajbakhsh M, Firouzzadeh Pasha G. Amine‐functionalized nano‐NaY zeolite for the synthesis of
N
‐acetyl pyrazoles and dihydropyrimidines. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hassan Kabirifard
- Department of Chemistry Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch Tehran Iran
| | - Mahmood Tajbakhsh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Mazandaran Babolsar Iran
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18
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Beč A, Hok L, Persoons L, Vanstreels E, Daelemans D, Vianello R, Hranjec M. Synthesis, Computational Analysis, and Antiproliferative Activity of Novel Benzimidazole Acrylonitriles as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors: Part 2. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1052. [PMID: 34681276 PMCID: PMC8540608 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We used classical linear and microwave-assisted synthesis methods to prepare novel N-substituted, benzimidazole-derived acrylonitriles with antiproliferative activity against several cancer cells in vitro. The most potent systems showed pronounced activity against all tested hematological cancer cell lines, with favorable selectivity towards normal cells. The selection of lead compounds was also tested in vitro for tubulin polymerization inhibition as a possible mechanism of biological action. A combination of docking and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the suitability of the employed organic skeleton for the design of antitumor drugs and demonstrated that their biological activity relies on binding to the colchicine binding site in tubulin. In addition, it also underlined that higher tubulin affinities are linked with (i) bulkier alkyl and aryl moieties on the benzimidazole nitrogen and (ii) electron-donating substituents on the phenyl group that allow deeper entrance into the hydrophobic pocket within the tubulin's β-subunit, consisting of Leu255, Leu248, Met259, Ala354, and Ile378 residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Beč
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Lucija Hok
- Laboratory for the Computational Design and Synthesis of Functional Materials, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Leentje Persoons
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.P.); (E.V.); (D.D.)
| | - Els Vanstreels
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.P.); (E.V.); (D.D.)
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.P.); (E.V.); (D.D.)
| | - Robert Vianello
- Laboratory for the Computational Design and Synthesis of Functional Materials, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Marijana Hranjec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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19
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Satija G, Sharma B, Madan A, Iqubal A, Shaquiquzzaman M, Akhter M, Parvez S, Khan MA, Alam MM. Benzimidazole based derivatives as anticancer agents: Structure activity relationship analysis for various targets. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garvit Satija
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Barkha Sharma
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Anish Madan
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
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20
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Carvalho RL, de Miranda AS, Nunes MP, Gomes RS, Jardim GAM, Júnior ENDS. On the application of 3d metals for C-H activation toward bioactive compounds: The key step for the synthesis of silver bullets. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1849-1938. [PMID: 34386103 PMCID: PMC8329403 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several valuable biologically active molecules can be obtained through C-H activation processes. However, the use of expensive and not readily accessible catalysts complicates the process of pharmacological application of these compounds. A plausible way to overcome this issue is developing and using cheaper, more accessible, and equally effective catalysts. First-row transition (3d) metals have shown to be important catalysts in this matter. This review summarizes the use of 3d metal catalysts in C-H activation processes to obtain potentially (or proved) biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato L Carvalho
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Amanda S de Miranda
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mateus P Nunes
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto S Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Guilherme A M Jardim
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Centre for Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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