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Na X, Li L, Liu D, He J, Zhang L, Zhou Y. Natural products targeting ferroptosis pathways in cancer therapy (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:123. [PMID: 39054952 PMCID: PMC11292301 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis inducers (FIN) have a key role in cancer therapy and provide novel and innovative treatment strategies. Although many researchers have performed FIN screening of synthetic compounds, studies on the identification of FIN from natural products are limited, particularly in the field of drug development and combination therapy. In this review, this gap was addressed by comprehensively summarizing recent studies on ferroptosis. The causes of ferroptosis were categorized into driving and defensive factors, elucidating key pathways and targets. Next, through summarizing research on natural products that induce ferroptosis, the study elaborated in detail on the natural products that have FIN functions. Their discovery and development were also described and insight for clinical drug development was provided. In addition, the mechanisms of action were analyzed and potential combination therapies, resistance reversal and structural enhancements were presented. By highlighting the potential of natural products in inducing ferroptosis for cancer treatment, this review may serve as a reference for utilizing these compounds against cancer. It not only showed the significance of natural products but may also promote further investigation into their therapeutic effects, thus encouraging research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Na
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital (Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University), Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi He
- The First Clinical Medical College of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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Mi L, Xing Z, Zhang Y, He T, Su A, Wei T, Li Z, Wu W. Unveiling Gambogenic Acid as a Promising Antitumor Compound: A Review. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:353-367. [PMID: 38295847 DOI: 10.1055/a-2258-6663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Gambogenic acid is a derivative of gambogic acid, a polyprenylated xanthone isolated from Garcinia hanburyi. Compared with the more widely studied gambogic acid, gambogenic acid has demonstrated advantages such as a more potent antitumor effect and less systemic toxicity than gambogic acid according to early investigations. Therefore, the present review summarizes the effectiveness and mechanisms of gambogenic acid in different cancers and highlights the mechanisms of action. In addition, drug delivery systems to improve the bioavailability of gambogenic acid and its pharmacokinetic profile are included. Gambogenic acid has been applied to treat a wide range of cancers, such as lung, liver, colorectal, breast, gastric, bladder, and prostate cancers. Gambogenic acid exerts its antitumor effects as a novel class of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 inhibitors. It prevents cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis and controlling the cell cycle as well as autophagy. Gambogenic acid also hinders tumor cell invasion and metastasis by downregulating metastasis-related proteins. Moreover, gambogenic acid increases the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and has shown effects on multidrug resistance in malignancy. This review adds insights for the prevention and treatment of cancers using gambogenic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mi
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhichao Xing
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting He
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anping Su
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenshuang Wu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Huang Q, Guo K, Ren Y, Tan J, Ren Y, Zhang L, Zheng C, Xu H. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of gambogenic acid derivatives: Unraveling their anti-cancer effects by inducing pyroptosis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107182. [PMID: 38359707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Gambogenic acid (GNA), a caged xanthone derived from Garcinia hanburyi, exhibits a wide range of anti-cancer properties. The caged skeleton of GNA serves as the fundamental pharmacophore responsible for its antitumor effects. However, limited exploration has focused on the structural modifications of GNA. This study endeavors to diversify the structure of GNA and enhance its anti-cancer efficacy. Sulfoximines, recognized as pivotal motifs in medicinal chemistry due to their outstanding properties, have featured in several anti-cancer drugs undergoing clinical trials. Accordingly, a series of 33 GNA derivatives combined with sulfoximines were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-cancer effects against MIAPaCa2, MDA-MB-231, and A549 cells in vitro. The activity screening led to the identification of compound 12k, which exhibited the most potent anti-cancer effect. Mechanistic studies revealed that 12k primarily induced pyroptosis in MIAPaCa2 and MDA-MB-231 cells by activating the caspase-3/gasdermin E (GSDME) pathway. These findings suggested that 12k is a promising drug candidate in cancer therapy and highlighted the potential of sulfoximines as a valuable functional group in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Keke Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yitao Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Liu Z, Wang X, Li J, Yang X, Huang J, Ji C, Li X, Li L, Zhou J, Hu Y. Gambogenic acid induces cell death in human osteosarcoma through altering iron metabolism, disturbing the redox balance, and activating the P53 signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110602. [PMID: 37302459 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents with extremely poor prognosis. Gambogenic acid (GNA), one of the major bioactive ingredients isolated from Gamboge, has been shown to possess a multipotent antitumor effect, its activity on OS remains unclear yet. In this study, we found that GNA could trigger multiple cell death modalities, including ferroptosis and apoptosis in human OS cells, reduce the cell viability, inhibit the proliferation and invasiveness. Furthermore, GNA provoked oxidative stress leading to GSH depletion-inducing ROS generation and lipid peroxidation, altered iron metabolism represented by the induction of labile iron, mitochondrial membrane potential decreased, mitochondrial morphological changed, decreased the cell viability. In addition, ferroptosis inhibitors (Fer-1) and apoptosis inhibitors (NAC) can partially reversed GNA' s effects on OS cells. Further investigation showed that GNA augmented the expression of P53, bax, caspase 3 and caspase 9 and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4). In vivo, GNA was showed to delay tumor growth significantly in axenograft osteosarcoma mouse model. In conclusion, this study reveals that GNA simultaneously triggers ferroptosis and apoptosis in human OS cells by inducing oxidative stress via the P53/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xuezhong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Chuang Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xuyang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Effect of gambogenic acid in attenuating diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rat model. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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The pro-tumorigenic activity of p38γ overexpression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:210. [PMID: 35246508 PMCID: PMC8897421 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It is urgent to identify and validate biomarkers for early diagnosis and efficient treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recent studies have proposed p38 gamma (p38γ) as a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-like kinase that phosphorylates retinoblastoma (Rb) to promote cyclins expression and tumorigenesis. Here the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database and results from the local NPC tissues demonstrate that p38γ is significantly upregulated in NPC tissues, correlating with poor overall survival. Furthermore, p38γ mRNA and protein expression is elevated in established NPC cell lines (CNE-1 HONE-1 and CNE-2) and primary human NPC cells, but low expression detected in human nasal epithelial cells. In established and primary NPC cells, p38γ depletion, using the shRNA strategy or the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing method, largely inhibited cell growth, proliferation and migration, and induced significant apoptosis activation. Contrarily, ectopic p38γ overexpression exerted opposite activity and promoted NPC cell proliferation and migration. Retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation and cyclin E1/A expression were decreased in NPC cells with p38γ silencing or knockout, but increased after p38γ overexpression. Moreover, mitochondrial subcellular p38γ localization was detected in NPC cells. Significantly, p38γ depletion disrupted mitochondrial functions, causing mitochondrial depolarization, reactive oxygen species production, oxidative injury and ATP depletion in NPC cells. In vivo, intratumoral injection of adeno-associated virus-packed p38γ shRNA potently inhibited primary human NPC xenograft growth in nude mice. In p38γ shRNA virus-injected NPC xenograft tissues, p38γ expression, Rb phosphorylation, cyclin E1/A expression and ATP levels were dramatically decreased. Taken together, we conclude that p38γ overexpression is required for NPC cell growth, acting as a promising therapeutic target of NPC.
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Yao F, Zhan Y, Li C, Lu Y, Chen J, Deng J, Wu Z, Li Q, Song Y, Chen B, Chen J, Tian K, Pu Z, Ni Y, Mou L. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Role of Phosphorylation-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:734287. [PMID: 35059393 PMCID: PMC8763978 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.734287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of protein kinases and phosphatases is implicated in various tumorigenesis, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Advanced HCC patients are treated with systemic therapy, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which extend overall survival. Investigation of the underlying mechanism of protein kinase signaling will help to improve the efficacy of HCC therapy. Combining single-cell RNA sequencing data and TCGA RNA-seq data, we profiled the protein kinases, phosphatases, and other phosphorylation-related genes (PRGs) of HCC patients in this study. We found nine protein kinases and PRGs with high expression levels that were mainly detected in HCC cancer stem cells, including POLR2G, PPP2R1A, POLR2L, PRC1, ITBG1BP1, MARCKSL1, EZH2, DTYMK, and AURKA. Survival analysis with the TCGA dataset showed that these genes were associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Further correlation analysis showed that these genes were involved in cell cycle-related pathways that may contribute to the development of HCC. Among them, AURKA and EZH2 were identified as two hub genes by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Treatment with an AURKA inhibitor (alisertib) and an EZH2 inhibitor (gambogenic) inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. We also found that both AURKA and EZH2 were highly expressed in TP53-mutant HCC samples. Our comprehensive analysis of PRGs contributes to illustrating the mechanisms underlying HCC progression and identifying potential therapeutic targets for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuwen Yao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changzheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zijing Wu
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Li
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi’an Song
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Binhua Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinjun Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kuifeng Tian
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zuhui Pu
- Imaging Department, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Ni
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lisha Mou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Ding Z, Li Y, Tang Z, Song X, Jing F, Wu H, Lu B. Role of gambogenic acid in regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-kβ signaling pathways in rat model of acute hepatotoxicity. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:520-527. [PMID: 33624779 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective effect of gambogenic acid (GA) in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rat models. GA (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneal (i.p.) to rats for 7 consecutive days followed by APAP (500 mg/kg) single dose (i.p.) on the final day after GA administration. The levels of MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, ALP, AST, ALT, proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), apoptosis markers (caspase-3 and -9, Bax, Bcl-2), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were evaluated. Results exhibited protective effects of GA by inhibiting inflammation, preventing oxidative stress and apoptosis in APAP-induced liver. Histopathological changes caused by APAP were attenuated, protein expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) were upregulated, and nuclear factor-kappa β (NF-kβ) was downregulated by GA. In summary, GA significantly exerted anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity potentially through regulation of PI3K/Akt and NF-kβ signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Emergency, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhangfeng Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyi Song
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fa Jing
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Lu
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zhao Q, Zhong J, Bi Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Guo J, Pan L, Tan Y, Yu X. Gambogenic acid induces Noxa-mediated apoptosis in colorectal cancer through ROS-dependent activation of IRE1α/JNK. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 78:153306. [PMID: 32854039 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gambogenic acid (GNA), an active component of Garcinia hanburyi Hook.f. (Clusiaceae) (common name gamboge), exerts anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties. However, the underlying mechanism of GNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still not well understood. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects and mechanisms of GNA on CRC in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Cell viability, colony formation and cell apoptosis assays were performed to determine the antitumor effects of GNA. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to evaluate the expression of genes or proteins affected by GNA in vitro and in vivo. HCT116 colon cancer xenografts and the APCmin/+ mice model were used to confirm the antitumor effects of GNA on CRC in vivo. RESULTS GNA induced Noxa-mediated apoptosis by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. Moreover, GNA triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which subsequently activated inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) leading to JNK phosphorylation. ROS scavenger attenuated GNA-induced IRE1α activation and JNK phosphorylation. Knockdown of IRE1α also prevented GNA-induced JNK phosphorylation. In vivo, GNA suppressed tumor growth and progression in HCT116 colon cancer xenografts and the APCmin/+ mices model. CONCLUSION These findings revealed that GNA induced Noxa-mediated apoptosis by activating the ROS/IRE1α/JNK signaling pathway in CRC both in vitro and in vivo. GNA is therefore a promising antitumor agent for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhao
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Yun Bi
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yingxiang Liu
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Longrui Pan
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
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10
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Wang M, Li S, Wang Y, Cheng H, Su J, Li Q. Gambogenic acid induces ferroptosis in melanoma cells undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 401:115110. [PMID: 32533954 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is characterized by high malignancy and early onset of metastasis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an early event during tumor metastasis. Tumor cells that develop EMT can escape apoptosis, but they are vulnerable to ferroptosis inducers. Gambogenic acid (GNA), a xanthone found in Gamboge, has cytotoxic effects in highly invasive melanoma cells. This study investigated the anti-melanoma effect and mechanism of action of GNA in TGF-β1-induced EMT melanoma cells. We found that GNA significantly inhibited the invasion, migration and EMT in melanoma cells, and these cells exhibited small mitochondrial wrinkling (an important feature of ferroptosis). An iron chelator, but not an apoptosis inhibitor or a necrosis inhibitor, abolished the inhibitory effects of GNA on proliferation, invasion and migration of TGF-β1-stimulated melanoma cells. GNA upregulated the expression of p53, solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in the model cells, contributing to the mechanisms underlying GNA-induced ferroptosis. Collectively, our findings suggest that GNA induces ferroptosis in TGF-β1-stimulated melanoma cells via the p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Youlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jingjing Su
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicial Formula of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
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11
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Zhou S, Zhao N, Wang J. Gambogenic acid suppresses bladder cancer cells growth and metastasis by regulating NF-κB signaling. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:1272-1279. [PMID: 32491272 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gambogenic acid (GNA) is one of the main active components of Gamboge, and its anticancer role has been reported in some cancers. The study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of GNA on the proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer (BC) cells and its potential regulatory mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS BC cell lines (BIU-87 cells, T24 cells, and J82 cells) were treated with different doses of GNA for different time, and then the effects of GNA on BC cell were examined in vitro using CCK-8 assay, apoptosis assays, and Transwell tests. NF-κB signaling activity was detected by the NF-κB p65 luciferase reporter assay. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of cIAP2, XIAP, Survivin, and p65. RESULTS GNA inhibited the viability of BC cells in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner and facilitated apoptosis of BC cells. Moreover, GNA could remarkably impede the migration and invasion abilities of BC cells. In terms of mechanism, GNA administration reduced the activity of NF-κB signaling and down-regulated the expressions of p65, survivin, XIAP, and cIAP2. CONCLUSION GNA blocks the growth and metastasis of BC cells via inhibiting the NF-κB signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Zhou
- Department of Urology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jialei Wang
- Department of Urology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
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12
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Hanan EJ, Liang J, Wang X, Blake RA, Blaquiere N, Staben ST. Monomeric Targeted Protein Degraders. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11330-11361. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Lin TY, Chang JL, Xun Y, Zhao Y, Peng W, Yang W, Ding BJ, Chen WD. Folic acid-modified nonionic surfactant vesicles for gambogenic acid targeting: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:344-353. [PMID: 32293112 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of present study was to develop folic acid (FA)-modified nonionic surfactant vesicles (NISVs, niosomes) as carrier systems for targeted delivery of gambogenic acid (GNA). The FA-GNA-NISVs exhibited a mean particle size of 180.77 ± 2.41 nm with a narrow poly dispersion index of 0.147 ± 0.08 determined by dynamic light scattering. Transmission electron microscopy also revealed that the FA-GNA-NISVs were spherical with double-layer structure. Entrapment efficiency (EE%) and zeta potential of the optimal FA-GNA-NISVs were 87.84 ± 1.06% and -37.33 ± 0.33 mV, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that the GNA was in a molecular or amorphous state inside the FA-NISVs in vitro release profiles suggested that FA-GNA-NISVs could release GNA at a sustained manner, and less than 60% of GNA was released from the FA-NISVs within 12 hours of dialysis. in vivo pharmacokinetic results illustrated that FA-GNA-NISVs had considerably higher Cmax , area under curve (AUC0 - t ) and accumulation in lung. The cell proliferation study shown that the FA-GNA-NISVs significantly enhanced the in vitro cytotoxicity against A549 cells. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy further demonstrated that the FA-GNA-NISVs increased apoptosis compared with nonmodified GNA-NISVs and free GNA. Moreover, FA-GNA-NISVs induced A549 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, cellular uptake assays showed a higher uptake of FA-GNA-NISVs than GNA-NISVs as well as free GNA. Taken together, it could be concluded that FA-GNA-NISVs were proposed as a novel targeting carriers for efficient delivering of GNA to cancers cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Yuan Lin
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Wu Hu, Wu Hu, China
| | - Jia-Li Chang
- The College of Pharmacy, Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Xun
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Wu Hu, Wu Hu, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Wu Hu, Wu Hu, China
| | - Wang Peng
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Wu Hu, Wu Hu, China
| | - Wang Yang
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Wu Hu, Wu Hu, China
| | - Bai-Jing Ding
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Wu Hu, Wu Hu, China
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- The College of Pharmacy, Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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14
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Shen D, Wang Y, Niu H, Liu C. Gambogenic acid exerts anticancer effects in cisplatin‑resistant non‑small cell lung cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1267-1275. [PMID: 31922223 PMCID: PMC7003042 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and the most common cause of mortality in patients with lung cancer. The efficacy of cisplatin‑based chemotherapy in NSCLC is limited by drug resistance, therefore, the development of novel anticancer agents is required to overcome cisplatin resistance. The present study investigated the anticancer activity of gambogenic acid (GNA), derived from gamboge, in the cisplatin‑resistant NSCLC cell line A549/Cis. GNA was revealed to have a potent inhibitory effect on cell growth in A549/Cis cells by blocking the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. The investigation of the molecular mechanisms identified that GNA arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase through the downregulation of cyclin Ds, cyclin dependent kinase (CDK)4 and CDK6, and the upregulation of p53 and p21. In addition, GNA induced apoptosis by increasing the activation of caspase 3 and caspase 7, in addition to the cleavage of poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase. The results of the present study supported the potential application of GNA in cisplatin‑resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daofu Shen
- Department of Pathology, College of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Life Science Institution, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Chunying Liu
- Department of Pathology, College of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
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15
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Yu Q, Zhang B, Zhou Y, Ge Q, Chang J, Chen Y, Zhang K, Peng D, Chen W. Co-delivery of gambogenic acid and VEGF-siRNA with anionic liposome and polyethylenimine complexes to HepG2 cells. J Liposome Res 2019; 29:322-331. [PMID: 29745740 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2018.1473423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective: The combination of two or more different mechanisms of drugs in the treatment of cancer has become one of the effective methods. The purpose of this study was to successfully prepare a non-viral delivery system that could efficiently co-delivery siRNA and gambogenic acid (GNA) to improve the anti-cancer efficiency in HepG2 cells. Methods: The delivery system was prepared by a two-step method. First, the GNA-anionic liposome took shape by a solvent evaporation method, and then the liposome was bound to the PEI/siRNA complex by electrostatic interaction to form the final carrier system (lipopolyplexes). Agarose gel electrophoresis, MTT, particle size and zeta potential were detected to analyse the lipopolyplexes formation. The transfection efficiency of siRNA was determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to assess the VEGF protein expression levels of HepG2 cells. The cell apoptosis assay was used to assess the anti-tumour superiority of lipopolyplexes. Results: GNA-PEI/siRNA-liposome (lipopolyplexes) are significantly less cytotoxicity compared to PEI mediated carriers. Simultaneously, the results of flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated that the lipopolyplexes could successfully carry siRNA into the cytoplasm, and the western-blot result evidence that the delivery system has a potential for VEGF to express down. Also compared with the control group, the results of apoptosis test suggest that the lipopolyplexes can significantly promote cell apoptosis. Conclusion: The delivery system has a potential in the combination of various drugs for cancer therapy in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongfang Yu
- The Collage of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China.,Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Bian Zhang
- The Collage of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China.,Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Yali Zhou
- The Collage of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China.,Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Qin Ge
- The Collage of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China.,Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Jiali Chang
- The Collage of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China.,Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Yunna Chen
- The Collage of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China.,Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Kaiqi Zhang
- The Collage of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China.,Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- The Collage of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China.,Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Weidong Chen
- The Collage of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China.,Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,Institute of Drug Metabolism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , China
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16
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Wang B, Cheng W, Zhang C, Bao Y, Zha L, Qian J, Hong L, Chen W. Self-assembled micelles based on gambogenic acid-phospholipid complex for sustained-release drug delivery. J Microencapsul 2019; 36:566-575. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2019.1656294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, PR China
| | - Weiye Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, PR China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, PR China
| | - Youmei Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liqiong Zha
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, PR China
| | - Jiajia Qian
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, PR China
| | - Lufeng Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, PR China
| | - Weidong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, PR China
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17
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Cole DW, Svider PF, Shenouda KG, Lee PB, Yoo NG, McLeod TM, Mutchnick SA, Yoo GH, Kaufman RJ, Callaghan MU, Fribley AM. Targeting the unfolded protein response in head and neck and oral cavity cancers. Exp Cell Res 2019; 382:111386. [PMID: 31075256 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many FDA-approved anti-cancer therapies, targeted toward a wide array of molecular targets and signaling networks, have been demonstrated to activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). Despite a critical role for UPR signaling in the apoptotic execution of cancer cells by many of these compounds, the authors are currently unaware of any instance whereby a cancer drug was developed with the UPR as the intended target. With the essential role of the UPR as a driving force in the genesis and maintenance of the malignant phenotype, a great number of pre-clinical studies have surged into the medical literature describing the ability of dozens of compounds to induce UPR signaling in a myriad of cancer models. The focus of the current work is to review the literature and explore the role of the UPR as a mediator of chemotherapy-induced cell death in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC) and oral cavity (OCSCC), with an emphasis on preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Cole
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Peter F Svider
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kerolos G Shenouda
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Paul B Lee
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester Hills, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicholas G Yoo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Thomas M McLeod
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sean A Mutchnick
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - George H Yoo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael U Callaghan
- Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Andrew M Fribley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA; Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.
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18
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Ma Z, Fan Y, Wu Y, Kebebe D, Zhang B, Lu P, Pi J, Liu Z. Traditional Chinese medicine-combination therapies utilizing nanotechnology-based targeted delivery systems: a new strategy for antitumor treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2029-2053. [PMID: 30962686 PMCID: PMC6435121 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s197889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major public health problem, and is now the world’s leading cause of death. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-combination therapy is a new treatment approach and a vital therapeutic strategy for cancer, as it exhibits promising antitumor potential. Nano-targeted drug-delivery systems have remarkable advantages and allow the development of TCM-combination therapies by systematically controlling drug release and delivering drugs to solid tumors. In this review, the anticancer activity of TCM compounds is introduced. The combined use of TCM for antitumor treatment is analyzed and summarized. These combination therapies, using a single nanocarrier system, namely codelivery, are analyzed, issues that require attention are determined, and future perspectives are identified. We carried out a systematic review of >280 studies published in PubMed since 1985 (no patents involved), in order to provide a few basic considerations in terms of the design principles and management of targeted nanotechnology-based TCM-combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ; .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ;
| | - Yuqi Fan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ; .,School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yumei Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ; .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ;
| | - Dereje Kebebe
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ; .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ; .,School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Bing Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ; .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ;
| | - Peng Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ; .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ;
| | - Jiaxin Pi
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ; .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ;
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ; .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China, ;
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Gambogenic acid triggers apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2Z cells by activating volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying chloride channel. Fitoterapia 2019; 133:150-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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20
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Xu Q, Guo J, Chen W. Gambogenic acid reverses P-glycoprotein mediated multidrug resistance in HepG2/Adr cells and its underlying mechanism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:882-888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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Huang T, Zhang H, Wang X, Xu L, Jia J, Zhu X. Gambogenic acid inhibits the proliferation of small‑cell lung cancer cells by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:1700-1706. [PMID: 30592285 PMCID: PMC6365701 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gambogenic acid (GNA), which is an important active compound present in gamboge, exerts anticancer activity in various types of tumor cells. However, the effect of GNA on small‑cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines and the underlying mechanism involved still remain unclear. In the present study, GNA inhibited the proliferation and cell cycle progression of SCLC cells. GNA also promoted the apoptosis of SCLC cells in a dose‑dependent manner, which is associated with modulating the levels of proteins involved in apoptosis pathways in NCI‑H446 and NCI‑H1688 cells. The results demonstrated that GNA increased the level of cleaved caspase‑3, ‑8 and ‑9, and Bax but decreased the expression of anti‑apoptotic protein, Bcl‑2. Furthermore, similar results were obtained in a mouse tumor xenograft model. Additionally, GNA exhibit low toxicity in tissues when administered to mice in the SCLC xenograft models. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that GNA significantly inhibited the proliferation of SCLC cells and promoted cell apoptosis via cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, P.R. China
| | - Hongming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, P.R. China
| | - Xiyong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jinfang Jia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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22
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Tang X, Sun J, Ge T, Zhang K, Gui Q, Zhang S, Chen W. PEGylated liposomes as delivery systems for Gambogenic acid: Characterization and in vitro/in vivo evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 172:26-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Yu Q, Zhang N, Jiang Y, Huang Y, Lian YY, Liu T, Li N, Guan G. RGS17 inhibits tumorigenesis and improves 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:7591-7600. [PMID: 30464507 PMCID: PMC6223391 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s176002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a poorly differentiated malignant tumor, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs used for the treatment of NPC. Abnormal expression of RGS17 had been shown to improve the sensitivity of many cancers to chemotherapy; however, the effects of RGS17 on NPC remain unclear. Methods We cultured NPC cell lines and altered the RGS17 expression with vector. Subsequently colony formation assays and CCK8 cell viability assay was used to test the proliferation of NPC cells, flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of apoptotic cells, MMP kit and flow cytometry was used to measure the mitochondrial membrane potential, and a xenograft tumour model was attached to investigate the effects of RGS17 on the growth of NPC cells in vivo. Additionally, RT-PCR and western blot was induced to examine the expression of RGS17 and the mechanism. Results Here, we report for the first time that RGS17 is downregulated in NPC cell lines and that RGS17 overexpression significantly reduces cell proliferation, decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential, and induces cell apoptosis in NPC cells. In vivo, RGS17 also inhibits the tumorigenicity of NPC. In addition, RGS17 could significantly improve the sensitivity of NPC cells to 5-FU. Furthermore, investigation into the underlying mechanisms showed that RGS17 upregulated the levels of IRE1α, p53, and active caspase-3 and cleaved PARP. Conclusion These results indicate that RGS17 could play important roles in the proliferation, apoptosis, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity of NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Niankai Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Yichuan Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Yuan-Yuan Lian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Na Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Ge Guan
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
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Yang G, Wang N, Seto SW, Chang D, Liang H. Hydroxysafflor yellow a protects brain microvascular endothelial cells against oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury: Involvement of inhibiting autophagy via class I PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:243-257. [PMID: 29775658 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to test whether Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) protects the brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) injury induced by oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR autophagy signaling pathway. Primary rat BMECs were cultured and identified by the expression of factor VIII-related antigen before being exposed to OGD/R to imitate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage in vitro. The protective effect of HSYA was evaluated by assessing (1) cellular morphologic and ultrastructural changes; (2) cell viability and cytotoxicity; (3) transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) of monolayer BMECs; (4) cell apoptosis; (5) fluorescence intensity of LC3B; (6) LC3 mRNA expression; (7) protein expressions of LC3, Beclin-1, Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), phospho-Akt (p-Akt), Akt, phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) and mTOR. It was found that HSYA (20, 40, and 80 μM) and 3-MA effectively reversed the cellular morphological and ultrastructural changes, increased cell survival, normalized the permeability of BMECs, and suppressed apoptosis induced by OGD/R (2 h OGD followed by 24 h reoxygenation). Concurrently, HSYA and 3-MA also inhibited OGD/R-induced autophagy evidenced by the decreased number of autophagosomes and down-regulated levels of LC3 and Beclin-1 proteins and mRNAs. HSYA (80 μM), in combination with 3-MA showed a synergistic effect. Mechanistic studies revealed that HSYA (80 μM) markedly increased the levels of p-Akt and p-mTOR proteins. Blockade of PI3K activity by ZSTK474 abolished its anti-autophagic and pro-survival effect and lowered both Akt and mTOR phosphorylation levels. Taken together, these results suggest that HSYA protects BMECs against OGD/R-induced injury by inhibiting autophagy via the Class I PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230012, China; National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Sai Wang Seto
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Huangzheng Liang
- School of Medical, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
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Effect of Gambogenic Acid on Cytochrome P450 1A2, 2B1 and 2E1, and Constitutive Androstane Receptor in Rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2018; 43:655-664. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-018-0477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Contribution of reactive oxygen species to the anticancer activity of aminoalkanol derivatives of xanthone. Invest New Drugs 2017; 36:355-369. [PMID: 29116476 PMCID: PMC5948269 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critically involved in the action of anticancer agents. In this study, we investigated the role of ROS in the anticancer mechanism of new aminoalkanol derivatives of xanthone. Most xanthones used in the study displayed significant pro-oxidant effects similar to those of gambogic acid, one of the most active anticancer xanthones. The pro-oxidant activity of our xanthones was shown both directly (by determination of ROS induction, effects on the levels of intracellular antioxidants, and expression of antioxidant enzymes) and indirectly by demonstrating that the overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase decreases ROS-mediated cell senescence. We also observed that mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular apoptosis enhancement correlated with xanthone-induced oxidative stress. Finally, we showed that the use of the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine partly reversed these effects of aminoalkanol xanthones. Our results demonstrated that novel aminoalkanol xanthones mediated their anticancer activity primarily through ROS elevation and enhanced oxidative stress, which led to mitochondrial cell death stimulation; this mechanism was similar to the activity of gambogic acid.
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Wang X, Cao W, Zhang J, Yan M, Xu Q, Wu X, Wan L, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Qin X, Xiao M, Ye D, Liu Y, Han Z, Wang S, Mao L, Wei W, Chen W. A covalently bound inhibitor triggers EZH2 degradation through CHIP-mediated ubiquitination. EMBO J 2017; 36:1243-1260. [PMID: 28320739 PMCID: PMC5412902 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201694058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been characterized as a critical oncogene and a promising drug target in human malignant tumors. The current EZH2 inhibitors strongly suppress the enhanced enzymatic function of mutant EZH2 in some lymphomas. However, the recent identification of a PRC2- and methyltransferase-independent role of EZH2 indicates that a complete suppression of all oncogenic functions of EZH2 is needed. Here, we report a unique EZH2-targeting strategy by identifying a gambogenic acid (GNA) derivative as a novel agent that specifically and covalently bound to Cys668 within the EZH2-SET domain, triggering EZH2 degradation through COOH terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP)-mediated ubiquitination. This class of inhibitors significantly suppressed H3K27Me3 and effectively reactivated polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2)-silenced tumor suppressor genes. Moreover, the novel inhibitors significantly suppressed tumor growth in an EZH2-dependent manner, and tumors bearing a non-GNA-interacting C668S-EZH2 mutation exhibited resistance to the inhibitors. Together, our results identify the inhibition of the signaling pathway that governs GNA-mediated destruction of EZH2 as a promising anti-cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangbing Wu
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Wan
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenping Zhang
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Qin
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Xiao
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongxia Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeguang Han
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine, Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Li Mao
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wantao Chen
- Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Lin T, Huang X, Wang Y, Zhu T, Luo Q, Wang X, Zhou K, Cheng H, Peng D, Chen W. Long circulation nanostructured lipid carriers for gambogenic acid: formulation design, characterization, and pharmacokinetic. Xenobiotica 2016; 47:793-799. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1229084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongyuan Lin
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Pharmacokinetic Laboratory and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Yu XJ, Zhao Q, Wang XB, Zhang JX, Wang XB. Gambogenic acid induces proteasomal degradation of CIP2A and sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to anticancer agents. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3611-3618. [PMID: 27779687 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is an oncoprotein that is overexpressed in many human malignancies. It regulates phosphorylated AKT and stabilizes c‑Myc in cell proliferation and tumor formation, suggesting that CIP2A plays an essential role in the development of cancer. In the present study, we report that a natural compound, gambogenic acid (GEA), induced the degradation of CIP2A via the ubiquitin‑proteasome pathway. Interestingly, the combination of GEA and proteasome inhibitors potentiated the accumulation of ubiquitinated CIP2A and aggresome formation. In addition, GEA exhibited an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and CIP2A‑downstream signaling molecules (c‑Myc and pAKT). Furthermore, GEA and CIP2A silencing enhanced the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to anticancer agents, suggesting that a combination of a CIP2A inhibitor and anticancer agents could be a valuable clinical therapeutic strategy. These results indicate that GEA is a CIP2A inhibitor that interferes with the ubiquitination and destabilization of CIP2A, providing a promising strategy to enhance the combinational therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Jun Yu
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Bin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Xuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei 441300, P.R. China
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Yu X, Zhao Q, Zhang H, Fan C, Zhang X, Xie Q, Xu C, Liu Y, Wu X, Han Q, Zhang H. Gambogenic acid inhibits LPS-simulated inflammatory response by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK in macrophages. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:454-61. [PMID: 27025602 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a response of body tissues to injury and infection. Compounds that can inhibit inflammation have been shown to have potential therapeutic clinical application. Gambogenic acid (GEA) has potent antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Herein, the molecular mechanisms of GEA's anti-inflammatory effect were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cells. The results showed that pretreatment with GEA could markedly inhibit interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, IFN-β, IL-12b, and IL-23a production in a dose-dependent manner in LPS-induced model. Furthermore, this drug significantly reduced the release of nitric oxide (NO), and impaired the protein level of inducible NO synthase and the cyclooxygenase 2. The finding also showed that the effect of GEA may be related to the suppression of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. These results indicate that GEA could suppress LPS-simulated inflammatory response partially by attenuating NO synthesis and NF-κB and MAPK activation, suggesting that it may become a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Yu
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Cunxian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengxian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yongbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Quanbin Han
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haibing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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Li W, Cheong YK, Wang H, Ren G, Yang Z. Neuroprotective Effects of Etidronate and 2,3,3-Trisphosphonate Against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in PC12 Cells. Neurochem Res 2015; 41:844-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Luo Q, Lin T, Zhang CY, Zhu T, Wang L, Ji Z, Jia B, Ge T, Peng D, Chen W. A novel glyceryl monoolein-bearing cubosomes for gambogenic acid: Preparation, cytotoxicity and intracellular uptake. Int J Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Chen F, Zhang XH, Hu XD, Zhang W, Lou ZC, Xie LH, Liu PD, Zhang HQ. Enhancement of radiotherapy by ceria nanoparticles modified with neogambogic acid in breast cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4957-69. [PMID: 26316742 PMCID: PMC4542556 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s82980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the main strategies for cancer treatment but has significant challenges, such as cancer cell resistance and radiation damage to normal tissue. Radiosensitizers that selectively increase the susceptibility of cancer cells to radiation can enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy. We report here the development of a novel radiosensitizer consisting of monodispersed ceria nanoparticles (CNPs) covered with the anticancer drug neogambogic acid (NGA-CNPs). These were used in conjunction with radiation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and the efficacy and mechanisms of action of this combined treatment approach were evaluated. NGA-CNPs potentiated the toxic effects of radiation, leading to a higher rate of cell death than either treatment used alone and inducing the activation of autophagy and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, while pretreatment with NGA or CNPs did not improve the rate of radiation-induced cancer cells death. However, NGA-CNPs decreased both endogenous and radiation-induced reactive oxygen species formation, unlike other nanomaterials. These results suggest that the adjunctive use of NGA-CNPs can increase the effectiveness of radiotherapy in breast cancer treatment by lowering the radiation doses required to kill cancer cells and thereby minimizing collateral damage to healthy adjacent tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Hong Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Dan Hu
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Chao Lou
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hua Xie
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Dang Liu
- Jiangsu Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Qian Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Jiangsu Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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He Y, Ding J, Lin Y, Li J, Shi Y, Wang J, Zhu Y, Wang K, Hu X. Gambogenic acid alters chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to Adriamycin. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:181. [PMID: 26066793 PMCID: PMC4486132 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0710-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer remains a major health problem worldwide, and is becoming increasingly resistant to traditional drug treatments. For instance, Adriamycin (ADR) is beneficial for the treatment of breast cancer. However, its wide application often leads to drug resistance in clinic practice, which results in treatment failure. Gambogenic acid (GNA), a polyprenylated xanthone isolated from the traditional medicine gamboge, has been reported to effectively inhibit the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Its effects on ADR resistance have not yet been reported in breast cancer. In this study, we examined the ability of GNA to modulate ADR resiatance and the molecular mechanisms underlying this process using a cell based in vitro system. Methods An MTT assay was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the drugs on the growth of MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cell lines. The effects of drugs on apoptosis were detected using Annexin-V APC/7-AAD double staining. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins and the proteins in the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results In the MCF-7/ADR cell lines, the IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) of the group that received combined treatment with GNA and ADR was significantly lower than that in the ADR group, and this value decreased with an increasing concentration of GNA. In parallel, GNA treatment increased the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to ADR. The cell apoptosis and cell cycle anaysis indicated that the anti-proliferative effect of GNA is in virtue of increased G0/G1 arrest and potentiated apoptosis. When combined with GNA in MCF-7/ADR cell lines, the expression levels of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten) and the apoptosis-related proteins caspase-3 and capsese-9 were significantly increased, while the expression of phosphorylated AKT was decreased. Conclusions Our study has indicated a potential role for GNA to increase the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to ADR. This modulatory role was mediated by suppression of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway that led to apoptosis in MCF-7/ADR cells. This work suggests that GNA may be used as a regulatory agent for treating ADR resistance in breast cancer patients.
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Kim W, Lee WB, Lee J, Min BI, Lee H, Cho SH. Traditional Herbal Medicine as Adjunctive Therapy for Nasopharyngeal Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2015; 14:212-20. [DOI: 10.1177/1534735415572881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of traditional herbal medicine (THM) as treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) has not been clearly demonstrated. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of THM as adjunctive therapies for NPC using the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Five electronic databases, including English and Chinese databases, were systematically searched up to February 2014. All RCTs involving traditional herbal medicine in combination with conventional cancer therapy for NPC were included. Twenty-two RCTs involving 2,298 NPC patients were systematically reviewed. Of these 22 studies, 15 on 1482 patients reported a significant increase in the number surviving patients with survivals of more than 1, 3, or 5 years. Seven studies on 595 patients reported a significant increase in immediate tumor response, and three studies on 505 patients reported a significant decrease in distant metastasis. This meta-analysis of 22 studies suggests that THM combined with conventional therapy can provide an effective adjunctive therapy for NPC. More research and well-designed, rigorous, large clinical trials are required to address these issues
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Kim
- Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Seung-Hun Cho
- Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Zhou J, Luo YH, Wang JR, Lu BB, Wang KM, Tian Y. Gambogenic acid induction of apoptosis in a breast cancer cell line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:7601-5. [PMID: 24460340 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gambogenic acid is a major active compound of gamboge which exudes from the Garcinia hanburyi tree. Gambogenic acid anti-cancer activity in vitro has been reported in several studies, including an A549 nude mouse model. However, the mechanisms of action remain unclear. METHODS We used nude mouse models to detect the effect of gambogenic acid on breast tumors, analyzing expression of apoptosis-related proteins in vivo by Western blotting. Effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins in MDA-MB-231 cells were detected by MTT, flow cytometry and Western blotting. Inhibitors of caspase-3,-8,-9 were also used to detect effects on caspase family members. RESULTS We found that gambogenic acid suppressed breast tumor growth in vivo, in association with increased expression of Fas and cleaved caspase-3,-8,-9 and bax, as well as decrease in the anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2. Gambogenic acid inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Our observations suggested that Gambogenic acid suppressed breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell growth by mediating apoptosis through death receptor and mitochondrial pathways in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China E-mail : ,
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Hua X, Liang C, Dong L, Qu X, Zhao T. Simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic study of gambogic acid and gambogenic acid in rat plasma after oral administration ofGarcinia hanburyiextracts by LC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 29:545-51. [PMID: 25159917 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Hua
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery; Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute; Shenyang 110042 China
| | - Chuang Liang
- Department of General Surgery; the First People's Hospital of Jinzhou District in Dalian City; Dalian 116100 China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery; the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University; Dalian 116001 China
| | - Xiaotong Qu
- Department of Neurology; the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University; Dalian 116001 China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Oncology; Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University; Dalian 116001 China
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Chen JP, Wang DL, Yang LL, Wang CY, Wang SS. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of gambogenic acid in dog plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1854-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Pei Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Dian Lei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Li Li Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Chen Yin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Shan Shan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei Anhui China
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Yu L, Wang N, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li J, Wu Q, Liu Y. Neuroprotective effect of muscone on glutamate-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells via antioxidant and Ca2+ antagonism. Neurochem Int 2014; 70:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Geng S, Sun B, Lu R, Wang J. Coleusin factor, a novel anticancer diterpenoid, inhibits osteosarcoma growth by inducing bone morphogenetic protein-2-dependent differentiation. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1431-41. [PMID: 24723453 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coleusin factor is a diterpenoid compound isolated from the root of a tropical plant, Coleus forskohlii. Although Coleusin factor has been reported to suppress proliferation of and induce apoptosis in several types of cancer cells, the effects of Coleusin factor on osteosarcoma and the underlying mechanism are still not fully understood. In this study, we show that Coleusin factor treatment potently inhibits the growth of osteosarcoma cells associated with G(1) cell-cycle arrest. Interestingly, apoptosis and cell death are not induced. Instead, Coleusin factor causes osteosarcoma cells to exhibit typical properties of differentiated osteoblasts, including a morphologic alteration resembling osteoblasts, the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers, elevated alkaline phosphatase activity, and increased cellular mineralization. Coleusin factor treatment significantly increases the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), a crucial osteogenic regulator, and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), one of the key transcription factors of the BMP pathway. When BMP-2 signaling is blocked, Coleusin factor fails to inhibit cell proliferation and to induce osteoblast differentiation. Thus, upregulation of BMP-2 autocrine is critical for Coleusin factor to induce osteoblast differentiation and exert its anticancer effects on osteosarcoma. Importantly, administration of Coleusin factor inhibits the growth of osteosarcoma xenografted in nude mice without systemic or immunologic toxicity. Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive cancer marked by the loss of normal differentiation. Coleusin factor represents a new type of BMP-2 inducer that restores differentiation in osteosarcoma cells. It may provide a promising therapeutic strategy against osteosarcoma with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Geng
- Authors' Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; and Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VirginiaAuthors' Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; and Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VirginiaAuthors' Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; and Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Bo Sun
- Authors' Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; and Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VirginiaAuthors' Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; and Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Ran Lu
- Authors' Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; and Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Jingze Wang
- Authors' Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; and Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
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Sun A, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Wang S, Tian S, Zou Y, Hu K, Ren J, Ge J. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 ameliorates doxorubicin-induced myocardial dysfunction through detoxification of 4-HNE and suppression of autophagy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 71:92-104. [PMID: 24434637 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) protects against cardiac injury via reducing production of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and ROS. This study was designed to examine the impact of ALDH2 on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy and mechanisms involved with a focus on autophagy. 4-HNE and autophagic markers were detected by Western blotting in ventricular tissues from normal donors and patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiac function, 4-HNE and levels of autophagic markers were detected in WT, ALDH2 knockout or ALDH2 transfected mice treated with or without DOX. Autophagy regulatory signaling including PI-3K, AMPK and Akt was examined in DOX-treated cardiomyocytes incubated with or without ALDH2 activator Alda-1. DOX-induced myocardial dysfunction, upregulation of 4-HNE and autophagic proteins were further aggravated in ALDH2 knockout mice while they were ameliorated in ALDH2 transfected mice. DOX downregulated Class I and upregulated Class III PI3-kinase, the effect of which was augmented by ALDH2 deletion. Accumulation of 4-HNE and autophagic protein markers in DOX-induced cardiomyocytes was significantly reduced by Alda-1. DOX depressed phosphorylated Akt but not AMPK, the effect was augmented by ALDH2 knockout. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA attenuated, whereas autophagy inducer rapamycin mimicked DOX-induced cardiomyocyte contractile defects. In addition, rapamycin effectively mitigated Alda-1-offered protective action against DOX-induced cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Our data further revealed downregulated ALDH2 and upregulated autophagy levels in the hearts from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Taken together, our findings suggest that inhibition of 4-HNE and autophagy may be a plausible mechanism underscoring ALDH2-offered protection against DOX-induced cardiac defect. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Protein Quality Control, the Ubiquitin Proteasome System, and Autophagy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yong Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Heart Centre of Zhengzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Cardiology, Branch of Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Gambogenic acid kills lung cancer cells through aberrant autophagy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e83604. [PMID: 24427275 PMCID: PMC3888381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer and causes 1.38 million deaths annually, as of 2008 worldwide. Identifying natural anti-lung cancer agents has become very important. Gambogenic acid (GNA) is one of the active compounds of Gamboge, a traditional medicine that was used as a drastic purgative, emetic, or vermifuge for treating tapeworm. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated that GNA exerts promising anti-tumor effects; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present paper, we found that GNA could induce the formation of vacuoles, which was linked with autophagy in A549 and HeLa cells. Further studies revealed that GNA triggers the initiation of autophagy based on the results of MDC staining, AO staining, accumulation of LC3 II, activation of Beclin 1 and phosphorylation of P70S6K. However, degradation of p62 was disrupted and free GFP could not be released in GNA treated cells, which indicated a block in the autophagy flux. Further studies demonstrated that GNA blocks the fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes by inhibiting acidification in lysosomes. This dysfunctional autophagy plays a pro-death role in GNA-treated cells by activating p53, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 while decreasing Bcl-2. Beclin 1 knockdown greatly decreased GNA-induced cell death and the effects on p53, Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl-2. Similar results were obtained using a xenograft model. Our findings show, for the first time, that GNA can cause aberrant autophagy to induce cell death and may suggest the potential application of GNA as a tool or viable drug in anticancer therapies.
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Yu X, Li X, Jiang G, Wang X, Chang HC, Hsu WH, Li Q. Isradipine prevents rotenone-induced intracellular calcium rise that accelerates senescence in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Neuroscience 2013; 246:243-53. [PMID: 23664925 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous research demonstrated that rotenone (RT) induces neuronal injury partially by increasing intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)]i), and inducing oxidative stress, leading to a neurodegenerative disorder. However, the mechanism of RT-induced injury remains elusive. Recent work revealed that Ca(2+) signaling is important for RT-induced senescence in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. In the present study, we found that in SH-SY5Y cells, RT increased [Ca(2+)]i, senescence associated β-galactosidase activity, aggregation of lipofuscin, production of reactive oxygen species, G1/G0 cell cycle arrest, and activation of p53/p21 signaling proteins. In addition, RT decreased the expression of the signaling proteins for cell proliferation and survival, Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cyclin D1, and Akt. Pretreatment of SH-SY5Y cells with isradipine, an L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker, or EGTA antagonized these effects of RT. These results suggested that application of isradipine might be a novel approach to prevent RT-induced neurodegenerative disorder such as Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
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Huang X, Chen YJ, Peng DY, Li QL, Wang XS, Wang DL, Chen WD. Solid lipid nanoparticles as delivery systems for Gambogenic acid. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 102:391-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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45
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Yu XJ, Han QB, Wen ZS, Ma L, Gao J, Zhou GB. Gambogenic acid induces G1 arrest via GSK3β-dependent cyclin D1 degradation and triggers autophagy in lung cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2012; 322:185-94. [PMID: 22410463 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin D1, an oncogenic G1 cyclin which can be induced by environmental carcinogens and whose over-expression may cause dysplasia and carcinoma, has been shown to be a target for cancer chemoprevention and therapy. In this study, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of action of a polyprenylated xanthone, gambogenic acid (GEA) on gefitinib-sensitive and -resistant lung cancer cells. We found that GEA inhibited proliferation, caused G1 arrest and repressed colony-forming activity of lung cancer cells. GEA induced degradation of cyclin D1 via the proteasome pathway, and triggered dephosphorylation of GSK3β which was required for cyclin D1 turnover, because GSK3β inactivation by its inhibitor or specific siRNA markedly attenuated GEA-caused cyclin D1 catabolism. GEA induced autophagy of lung cancer cells, possibly due to activation of GSK3β and inactivation of AKT/mTOR signal pathway. These results indicate that GEA is a cyclin D1 inhibitor and a GSK3β activator which may have chemopreventive and therapeutic potential for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Jun Yu
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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46
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Yan F, Wang M, Li J, Cheng H, Su J, Wang X, Wu H, Xia L, Li X, Chang HC, Li Q. Gambogenic acid induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and referred to phospho-Erk1/2 and phospho-p38 MAPK in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 33:181-190. [PMID: 22222560 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 11/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Gambogenic acid, identified from Gamboge, is responsible for anti-tumor effects, and has been shown to be a potential molecule against human cancers. In this study, the molecular mechanism of gambogenic acid-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells was investigated. Gambogenic acid significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining was used to observe apoptosis, and then confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Gambogenic acid induced apoptosis and morphological changes in mitochondria, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP) in mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were also examined. Results showed that the levels of phospho-p38 and its downstream phospho-Erk1/2 of HepG2 cells increased in time- and concentration-dependent manners after gambogenic acid treatments. Additionally, gambogenic acid increased expression ratio of Bcl-2/Bax in mRNA levels, Western blotting analysis also further confirmed the reduced level of Bcl-2 and increase the expression level of Bax in HepG2 cells. These results indicated that gambogenic acid induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and activated caspases through a caspase-3 and caspase-9-dependent apoptosis pathway. Moreover, gambogenic acid mediated apoptosis and was involved in the phospho-Erk1/2 and phospho-p38 MAPK proteins expression changes in HepG2 cells.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Caspase 9/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Shape/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/enzymology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/enzymology
- Mitochondria/pathology
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Phosphorylation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Terpenes/pharmacology
- Time Factors
- Xanthenes
- Xanthones/pharmacology
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/genetics
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenggen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
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47
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Tao SJ, Wang Y, Zhang X, Guan SH, Guo DA. Biotransformation of Gambogenic Acid by Chaetomium Globosum CICC 2445. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial transformation of gambogenic acid (1), a caged polyprenylated xanthone isolated from the resin of Garcinia hanburyi, was carried out with Chaetomium globosum CICC 2445, after screening forty-six strains of filamentous fungi. A new caged polyprenylated xanthone, 16,17-dihydroxygambogenic acid (2), was specifically obtained, as a result of hydroxylation at C-16, and C-17. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1 and 2 against HeLa tumor cell line was evaluated, with both of them being modestly active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Tao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Shu-Hong Guan
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - De-An Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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48
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Potential molecular targets for inhibiting bone invasion by oral squamous cell carcinoma: a review of mechanisms. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2011; 31:209-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s10555-011-9335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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49
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Apoptosis induced by ZnPcH1-based photodynamic therapy in Jurkat cells and HEL cells. Int J Hematol 2011; 94:539-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-011-0964-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Cheng H, Su JJ, Peng JY, Wang M, Wang XC, Yan FG, Wang XS, Li QL. Gambogenic acid inhibits proliferation of A549 cells through apoptosis inducing through up-regulation of the p38 MAPK cascade. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2011; 13:993-1002. [PMID: 22007630 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.605062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Gamboge is a dry resin secreted from Garcinia hanburryi, and gambogenic acid (GNA) is one of the main active compounds of gamboge. We have previously demonstrated the anticancer activity of GNA in A549 cells and pointed out its potential effects in anticancer therapies. Previous studies reported that GNA induced apoptosis in many cancer cell lines and inhibited A549 tumor growth in xenograft of nude mice in vivo. However, the anticancer mechanism of GNA has still not been well studied. In this paper, we have investigated whether GNA-induced apoptosis is critically mediated by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Our findings revealed that GNA could induce apoptosis, inhibit proliferation, down-regulate the expression of p38 and MAPK, increase the activations of caspase-9, caspase-3, and cytochrome c release. Furthermore, using SB203580, an adenosine triphosphate-competitive inhibitor of p38 MAPK, inhibit the expression of p-p38 and the experimental results show that it may promote the occurrence of apoptosis induced by GNA. Taken together, these results suggested that up-regulation of the p38 MAPK cascade may account for the activation of GNA-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
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