2
|
Yu G, Qian L, Yu J, Tang M, Wang C, Zhou Y, Geng X, Zhu C, Yang Y, Pan Y, Shen X, Tang Z. Brucine alleviates neuropathic pain in mice via reducing the current of the sodium channel. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 233:56-63. [PMID: 30599222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Strychnos nux-vomica L. (Loganiaceae) is grown extensively in South Asian. The dried seed of this plant, nux vomica, has been clinically used in Chinese medicine for relieving rheumatic pain, reducing swelling and treating cancer. Brucine, the second abundant alkaloid constituent of nux vomica, shows excellent clinical therapeutic effect, especially in relieving pain, but mechanism of brucine in relieving pain is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Explore the analgesic effect of brucine, reveal the molecular mechanism of brucine analgesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antinociceptive effects of brucine were assessed in acute and chronic pain mice model. Electrophysiological experiments were used to evaluate the effects of brucine on neuronal activity and sodium channel function. RESULTS In acute pain models, brucine significantly inhibits response induced by nociceptive heat and mechanical stimulation. Furthermore, thermal hypersensitivity and mechanical allodynia were also alleviated by brucine treatment in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) mouse model. Sodium channel plays a crucial role in neuropathic pain. Electrophysiological results show that brucine inhibits the excitability of DRG neurons directly, the number of action potential (AP) was significantly reduced after brucine treatment, and this kind of inhibition is due to brucine inhibits both tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTXs) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTXr) sodium channel. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, brucine is a novel drug candidate in treating acute and chronic pain diseases, which might be attributed to inhibition the excitability of sodium channel directly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Linnan Qian
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Juanjuan Yu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Min Tang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Changming Wang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiao Geng
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chan Zhu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yang Pan
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xu Shen
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian in Rd, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adrian D, Papich M, Baynes R, Murrell J, Lascelles BDX. Chronic maladaptive pain in cats: A review of current and future drug treatment options. Vet J 2017; 230:52-61. [PMID: 28887012 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite our increasing understanding of the pathophysiology underlying chronic or maladaptive pain, there is a significant gap in our ability to diagnose and treat the condition in domestic cats. Newer techniques being used to identify abnormalities in pain processing in the cat include validated owner questionnaires, measurement of movement and activity, and measurement of sensory thresholds and somatomotor responses. While some data are available evaluating possible therapeutics for the treatment of chronic pain in the cat, most data are limited to normal cats. This review details our current understanding of chronic or maladaptive pain, techniques for the detection and measurement of the condition and the associated central nervous changes, as well as an overview of the data evaluating potential therapeutics in cats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derek Adrian
- Comparative Pain Research and Education Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Mark Papich
- Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Ron Baynes
- Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jo Murrell
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - B Duncan X Lascelles
- Comparative Pain Research and Education Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Center for Pain Research and Innovation, UNC School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Center for Translational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|