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Ryza I, Granata C, Ribeiro N, Nalewajko-Sieliwoniuk E, Kießling A, Hryniewicka M, Plass W, Godlewska-Żyłkiewicz B, Cabo Verde S, Milea D, Gama S. Ga complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid: Chemical speciation and biological activity. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 260:112670. [PMID: 39068684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The binding ability of 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid (8-HQA) towards Ga3+ has been investigated by ISEH+ (Ion Selective Electrode, glass electrode) potentiometric and UV/Vis spectrophotometric titrations in KCl(aq) at I = 0.2 mol dm-3 and at T = 298.15 K. Further experiments were also performed adopting both the metal (with Fe3+ as competing cation) and ligand-competition approaches (with EDTA as competing ligand). Results gave evidence of the formation of the [Ga(8-HQA)]+, [Ga(8-HQA)(OH)], [Ga(8-HQA)(OH)2]- and [Ga(8-HQA)2]- species, the latter being so far the most stable, as also confirmed by ESI-MS analysis. Experiments were also designed to determine the stability constants of the [Ga(EDTA)]- and [Ga(EDTA)(OH)]2- in the above conditions. Due to the relevance of Ga3+ hydrolysis in aqueous systems, literature data on this topic were collected and critically analyzed, providing equations for the calculation of mononuclear Ga3+ hydrolysis constants at T = 298.15 K, in different ionic media, in the ionic strength range 0 < I / mol dm-3 ≤ 1.0. The synthesis and characterization (by ElectroSpray Ionization - Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS), Attenuated Total Reflectance - Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and ThermoGravimetric Analysis (TGA)) of Ga3+/8-HQA complexes were also performed, identifying [Ga(8-HQA)2]- as the main isolated species, even in the solid state. Finally, the potential effects of 8-HQA and Ga3+/8-HQA complex towards human microbiota exposed to ionizing radiation were evaluated (namely Actinomyces viscosus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Escherichia coli), as well as their anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. A radioprotective effect of Ga3+/8-HQA complex was observed on Actinomyces viscosus, while showing a potential radiosensitizing effect against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. No cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells was observed, neither for the free ligand or Ga3+/8-HQA complex. Nevertheless, Ga3+/8-HQA complex highlighted potential anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Ryza
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Claudia Granata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, CHIBIOFARAM, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Nadia Ribeiro
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, C2TN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Edyta Nalewajko-Sieliwoniuk
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Andreas Kießling
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, IAAC, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Marta Hryniewicka
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, IAAC, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Beata Godlewska-Żyłkiewicz
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Sandra Cabo Verde
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, C2TN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal; Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, CHIBIOFARAM, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Sofia Gama
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland; Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, C2TN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
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2
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Badawy AAB. The role of nonesterified fatty acids in cancer biology: Focus on tryptophan and related metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159531. [PMID: 38986804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) are elevated in cancer, because of decreased albumin levels and of fatty acid oxidation, and increased fatty acid synthesis and lipolysis. Albumin depletion and NEFA elevation maximally release albumin-bound tryptophan (Trp) and increase its flux down the kynurenine pathway, leading to increased production of proinflammatory kynurenine metabolites, which tumors use to undermine T-cell function and achieve immune escape. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by kynurenic acid promotes extrahepatic Trp degradation by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and leads to upregulation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, activation of which and also of SIRT1 (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1) could lead to depletion of NAD+ and ATP, resulting in cell death. NEFA also modulate heme synthesis and degradation, changes in which impact homocysteine metabolism and production of reduced glutathione and hydrogen sulphide. The significance of the interactions between heme and homocysteine metabolism in cancer biology has received little attention. Targeting Trp disposition in cancer to prevent the NEFA effects is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulla A-B Badawy
- Formerly School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, Wales, UK.
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3
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Lutsiv T, Hussan H, Thompson HJ. Ecosystemic Approach to Understanding Gut Microbiome-Mediated Prevention of Colorectal Cancer. Cancer J 2024; 30:329-344. [PMID: 39312453 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Humans and their associated microorganisms coexist in complex symbiotic relationships. Continuously advancing research is demonstrating the crucial role of host-associated microbiota in the pathophysiology and etiology of disease and in mediating the prevention thereof. As an exemplar, the gut microbiota, especially colonic bacteria, have been extensively studied in colorectal cancer (CRC), and the growing body of evidence establishes new oncomicrobes and their oncometabolites associated with the initiation and promotion of carcinogenesis. Herein, we discuss the importance of approaching the gut microbiome as an ecosystem rather than an assortment of individual factors, especially in the context of cancer prevention. Furthermore, we argue that a dietary pattern effectively drives multiple nodes of the gut microbial ecosystem toward disease- or health-promoting qualities. In the modern circumstances of excessive consumption of ultraprocessed and animal-based foods and concomitant escalation of chronic disease burden worldwide, we focus on whole food-derived dietary fiber as a key to establishing a health-promoting eubiosis in the gut.
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Kawasaki R, Kukimoto I, Tsukamoto T, Nishio E, Iwata A, Fujii T. Cervical mucus can be used for metabolite screening in cervical cancer. Cancer Sci 2024. [PMID: 39171738 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 660,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer annually. Current screening options such as cytology or human papillomavirus testing have limitations, creating a need to identify more effective ancillary biomarkers for triage. Here, we evaluated whether metabolomic analysis of cervical mucus metabolism could be used to identify biomarkers of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. The case-control group consisted of 181 CIN, 69 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients, and 48 healthy controls in the primary cohort. We undertook metabolomic analyses using ultra-HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to profile metabolite characteristics, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis identified biomarker candidates. Five metabolites conferred the highest discriminatory power for SCC: oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (area under the ROC curve, 0.924; 95% confidence interval, 0.877-0.971), malic acid (0.914, 0.859-0.968), kynurenine (0.884, 0.823-0.945), GSSG/glutathione (GSH) (0.936, 0.892-0.979), and kynurenine/tryptophan (0.909, 0.856-0.961). Malic acid was the best marker for detection of CIN2 or worse (0.858, 0.793-0.922) and was a clinically useful metabolite. We confirmed the reproducibility of the results by validation cohort. Additionally, metabolomic analyses revealed eight pathways strongly associated with cervical neoplasia. Of these, only the tricarboxylic acid cycle was strongly associated with all CINs and cancer, indicating active energy production. Aberrant arginine metabolism by decreasing arginine and increasing citrulline might reduce tumor immunity. Changes in cysteine-methionine and GSH pathways might drive the initiation and progression of cervical cancer. These results suggest that metabolic analysis can identify ancillary biomarkers and could improve our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cervical neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Kawasaki
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Iwao Kukimoto
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tsukamoto
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Eiji Nishio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Aya Iwata
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takuma Fujii
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
- Fujita Health University Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
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Stieger A, Huber M, Yu Z, Kessler BM, Fischer R, Andereggen L, Kobel B, Stueber F, Luedi MM, Filipovic MG. Association of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Activity with Outcome after Cardiac Surgery in Adult Patients. Metabolites 2024; 14:334. [PMID: 38921469 PMCID: PMC11205801 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-deoxygenase (IDO) plays an important role in the catabolism of the amino acid tryptophan. Tryptophan and its metabolites are key immune modulators. Increased IDO activity has been observed in various diseases and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. However, comprehensive research regarding its role in cardiac surgery remains limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate perioperative changes in IDO activity and pathway metabolites, along with their impact on clinical outcomes in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. As an observational cohort study conducted at the Inselspital in Bern from January to December 2019, we retrospectively analyzed the data of prospectively collected biobank samples of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. IDO pathway metabolite analysis was conducted by mass spectrometry. Perioperative dynamics were descriptively assessed and associated with pre-defined clinical outcome measures (30-day mortality, 1-year mortality, incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction, and length of hospital stay) through a multi-step exploratory regression analysis. A cohort of 192 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass were included (median age 67.0, IQR 60.0-73.0, 75.5% male). A significant perioperative decrease in the kynurenine/tryptophan (Kyn/Trp) ratio (-2.298, 95% CI -4.028 to -596, p = 0.009) and significant perioperative dynamics in the associated metabolites was observed. No association of perioperative changes in IDO activity and pathway metabolites with clinical outcomes was found. A significant decrease in the Kyn/Trp ratio among adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery indicates a perioperative downregulation of IDO, which stands in contrast to other pro-inflammatory conditions. Further studies are needed to investigate IDO in the setting of perioperative immunomodulation, which is a key driver of postoperative complications in cardiac surgery patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stieger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland;
| | - Markus Huber
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (B.K.); (F.S.); (M.G.F.)
| | - Zhanru Yu
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; (Z.Y.); (B.M.K.); (R.F.)
| | - Benedikt M. Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; (Z.Y.); (B.M.K.); (R.F.)
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; (Z.Y.); (B.M.K.); (R.F.)
| | - Lukas Andereggen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital of Aarau, 5000 Aarau, Switzerland;
| | - Beatrice Kobel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (B.K.); (F.S.); (M.G.F.)
| | - Frank Stueber
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (B.K.); (F.S.); (M.G.F.)
| | - Markus M. Luedi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland;
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (B.K.); (F.S.); (M.G.F.)
| | - Mark G. Filipovic
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (B.K.); (F.S.); (M.G.F.)
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6
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Summers BS, Thomas Broome S, Pang TWR, Mundell HD, Koh Belic N, Tom NC, Ng ML, Yap M, Sen MK, Sedaghat S, Weible MW, Castorina A, Lim CK, Lovelace MD, Brew BJ. A Review of the Evidence for Tryptophan and the Kynurenine Pathway as a Regulator of Stem Cell Niches in Health and Disease. Int J Tryptophan Res 2024; 17:11786469241248287. [PMID: 38757094 PMCID: PMC11097742 DOI: 10.1177/11786469241248287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are ubiquitously found in various tissues and organs in the body, and underpin the body's ability to repair itself following injury or disease initiation, though repair can sometimes be compromised. Understanding how stem cells are produced, and functional signaling systems between different niches is critical to understanding the potential use of stem cells in regenerative medicine. In this context, this review considers kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolism in multipotent adult progenitor cells, embryonic, haematopoietic, neural, cancer, cardiac and induced pluripotent stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and mesenchymal stromal cells. The KP is the major enzymatic pathway for sequentially catabolising the essential amino acid tryptophan (TRP), resulting in key metabolites including kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and quinolinic acid (QUIN). QUIN metabolism transitions into the adjoining de novo pathway for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) production, a critical cofactor in many fundamental cellular biochemical pathways. How stem cells uptake and utilise TRP varies between different species and stem cell types, because of their expression of transporters and responses to inflammatory cytokines. Several KP metabolites are physiologically active, with either beneficial or detrimental outcomes, and evidence of this is presented relating to several stem cell types, which is important as they may exert a significant impact on surrounding differentiated cells, particularly if they metabolise or secrete metabolites differently. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in mesenchymal stromal cells, for instance, highly upregulates rate-limiting enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1), initiating TRP depletion and production of metabolites including kynurenine/kynurenic acid, known agonists of the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) transcription factor. AhR transcriptionally regulates an immunosuppressive phenotype, making them attractive for regenerative therapy. We also draw attention to important gaps in knowledge for future studies, which will underpin future application for stem cell-based cellular therapies or optimising drugs which can modulate the KP in innate stem cell populations, for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Sebastian Summers
- Applied Neurosciences Program, Peter Duncan Neurosciences Research Unit, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Thomas Broome
- Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Hamish D Mundell
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales Brain Tissue Resource Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Naomi Koh Belic
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole C Tom
- Formerly of the Department of Physiology, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mei Li Ng
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maylin Yap
- Formerly of the Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Monokesh K Sen
- Applied Neurosciences Program, Peter Duncan Neurosciences Research Unit, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sara Sedaghat
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael W Weible
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alessandro Castorina
- Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chai K Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael D Lovelace
- Applied Neurosciences Program, Peter Duncan Neurosciences Research Unit, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce J Brew
- Applied Neurosciences Program, Peter Duncan Neurosciences Research Unit, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Departments of Neurology and Immunology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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7
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Jia Y, Li X, Chen L, Li L, Zhang S, Huang W, Zhang H. AHR signaling pathway mediates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation which leads to cytarabine resistance. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:597-606. [PMID: 38404179 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has been identified as a significant driver of tumorigenesis. However, its clinical significance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains largely unclear. In this study, RNA-Seq data from AML patients (bone marrow samples from 173 newly diagnosed AML patients) obtained from the TCGA database, and normal human RNA-Seq data (bone marrow samples from 70 healthy individuals) obtained from the GTEX database are downloaded for external validation and complementarity. The data analysis reveals that the AHR signaling pathway is activated in AML patients. Furthermore, there is a correlation between the expressions of AHR and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation genes. In vitro experiments show that enhancing AHR expression in AML cells increases mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and induces resistance to cytarabine. Conversely, reducing AHR expression in AML cells decreases cytarabine resistance. These findings deepen our understanding of the AHR signaling pathway's involvement in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jia
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
- Shangdong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Xiyu Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Suzhen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
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Sarf EA, Dyachenko EI, Bel’skaya LV. Salivary Tryptophan as a Metabolic Marker of HER2-Negative Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer. Metabolites 2024; 14:247. [PMID: 38786723 PMCID: PMC11123106 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Changes in the concentration of tryptophan (Trp) indicate a serious metabolic restructuring, which is both a cause and a consequence of many diseases. This work examines the upward change in salivary Trp concentrations among patients with breast cancer. This study involved volunteers divided into three groups: breast cancer (n = 104), non-malignant breast pathologies (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 20). In all participants, before treatment, the quantitative content of Trp in saliva was determined by capillary electrophoresis. In 20 patients with breast cancer, Trp was re-tested four weeks after surgical removal of the tumor. An increase in the Trp content in saliva in breast cancer has been shown, which statistically significantly decreases after surgical removal of the tumor. A direct correlation was found between increased Trp levels with the degree of malignancy and aggressive molecular subtypes of breast cancer, namely triple negative and luminal B-like HER2-negative. These conclusions were based on an increase in Ki-67 and an increase in Trp in HER2-negative and progesterone-negative subtypes. Factors under which an increase in Trp concentration in saliva was observed were identified: advanced stage of breast cancer, the presence of regional metastasis, low tumor differentiation, a lack of expression of HER2, estrogen and progesterone receptors and the high proliferative activity of the tumor. Thus, the determination of salivary Trp may be a valuable tool in the study of metabolic changes associated with cancer, particularly breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.I.D.)
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9
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Wilczak J, Prostek A, Dziendzikowska K, Gajewska M, Kopiasz Ł, Harasym J, Oczkowski M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. Oat Beta-Glucan as a Metabolic Regulator in Early Stage of Colorectal Cancer-A Model Study on Azoxymethane-Treated Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4635. [PMID: 38731854 PMCID: PMC11083532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Factors that reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer include biologically active substances. In our previous research, we demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects of oat beta-glucans in gastrointestinal disease models. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an 8-week consumption of a diet supplemented with low-molar-mass oat beta-glucan in two doses on the antioxidant potential, inflammatory parameters, and colonic metabolomic profile in azoxymethane(AOM)-induced early-stage colorectal cancer in the large intestine wall of rats. The results showed a statistically significant effect of AOM leading to the development of neoplastic changes in the colon. Consumption of beta-glucans induced changes in colonic antioxidant potential parameters, including an increase in total antioxidant status, a decrease in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and a reduction in thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration. In addition, beta-glucans decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-12) and C-reactive protein (CRP) while increasing the concentration of IL-10. Metabolomic studies confirmed the efficacy of oat beta-glucans in the AOM-induced early-stage colon cancer model by increasing the levels of metabolites involved in metabolic pathways, such as amino acids, purine, biotin, and folate. In conclusion, these results suggest a wide range of mechanisms involved in altering colonic metabolism during the early stage of carcinogenesis and a strong influence of low-molar-mass oat beta-glucan, administered as dietary supplement, in modulating these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Wilczak
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Adam Prostek
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Katarzyna Dziendzikowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (Ł.K.); (M.O.); (J.G.-O.)
| | - Małgorzata Gajewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Łukasz Kopiasz
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (Ł.K.); (M.O.); (J.G.-O.)
| | - Joanna Harasym
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Analysis, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Michał Oczkowski
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (Ł.K.); (M.O.); (J.G.-O.)
| | - Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (Ł.K.); (M.O.); (J.G.-O.)
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Boccarelli A, Del Buono N, Esposito F. Review of Patient Gene Profiles Obtained through a Non-Negative Matrix Factorization-Based Framework to Determine the Role Inflammation Plays in Neuroblastoma Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4406. [PMID: 38673990 PMCID: PMC11050151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. It is a highly heterogeneous tumor consisting of different subcellular types and genetic abnormalities. Literature data confirm the biological and clinical complexity of this cancer, which requires a wider availability of gene targets for the implementation of personalized therapy. This paper presents a study of neuroblastoma samples from primary tumors of untreated patients. The focus of this analysis is to evaluate the impact that the inflammatory process may have on the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma. Eighty-eight gene profiles were selected and analyzed using a non-negative matrix factorization framework to extract a subset of genes relevant to the identification of an inflammatory phenotype, whose targets (PIK3CG, NFATC2, PIK3R2, VAV1, RAC2, COL6A2, COL6A3, COL12A1, COL14A1, ITGAL, ITGB7, FOS, PTGS2, PTPRC, ITPR3) allow further investigation. Based on the genetic signals automatically derived from the data used, neuroblastoma could be classified according to stage rather than as a "cold" or "poorly immunogenic" tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Boccarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Polo Jonico, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta Del Buono
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Flavia Esposito
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
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11
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Wu X, Li Y, Wen M, Xie Y, Zeng K, Liu YN, Chen W, Zhao Y. Nanocatalysts for modulating antitumor immunity: fabrication, mechanisms and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2643-2692. [PMID: 38314836 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00673e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy harnesses the inherent immune system in the body to generate systemic antitumor immunity, offering a promising modality for defending against cancer. However, tumor immunosuppression and evasion seriously restrict the immune response rates in clinical settings. Catalytic nanomedicines can transform tumoral substances/metabolites into therapeutic products in situ, offering unique advantages in antitumor immunotherapy. Through catalytic reactions, both tumor eradication and immune regulation can be simultaneously achieved, favoring the development of systemic antitumor immunity. In recent years, with advancements in catalytic chemistry and nanotechnology, catalytic nanomedicines based on nanozymes, photocatalysts, sonocatalysts, Fenton catalysts, electrocatalysts, piezocatalysts, thermocatalysts and radiocatalysts have been rapidly developed with vast applications in cancer immunotherapy. This review provides an introduction to the fabrication of catalytic nanomedicines with an emphasis on their structures and engineering strategies. Furthermore, the catalytic substrates and state-of-the-art applications of nanocatalysts in cancer immunotherapy have also been outlined and discussed. The relationships between nanostructures and immune regulating performance of catalytic nanomedicines are highlighted to provide a deep understanding of their working mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, the challenges and development trends are revealed, aiming to provide new insights for the future development of nanocatalysts in catalytic immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbo Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Yuqing Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Mei Wen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Yongting Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Ke Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - You-Nian Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Wansong Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
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12
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Tassidis H, Jankovskaja S, Awad K, Ohlsson L, Gjörloff Wingren A, Gustafsson A. Investigation of tryptophan to kynurenine degradation in response to interferon-γ in melanoma cell lines. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101612. [PMID: 38188364 PMCID: PMC10770592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Melanoma is a fatal form of skin cancer that carries a grave prognosis if the cancer cells spread and form metastases. The Kynurenine (Kyn) pathway is activated by the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) and has been shown to have a role in tumour progression. We have previously shown that interferon-γ (IFN-γ) acts as an inducer of tryptophan (Trp) degradation to Kyn in keratinocytes of the basal layer in a 3D epidermis model. Before extending our reconstructed human epidermis model to not only contain keratinocytes but also fibroblasts and melanocytes/melanoma cells, we have in this study set out to investigate possible differences between primary adult melanocytes and six melanoma cell lines regarding the expression of the immune checkpoint inhibitors IDO-1 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) together with Kyn production. Methods The melanocytes and melanoma cells were stimulated with 1-20 ng/ml of IFN-γ and the levels of Trp to Kyn degradation were monitored with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To analyze the viability of the cell types after IFN-γ treatment, an MTT assay was performed. mRNA quantity of IDO-1, PD-L1 and IFN-γ receptor (IFN-GR1) was analyzed with qPCR. Results After 24 h, only the metastatic cell line WM-266-4 was affected by all concentrations of IFN-γ, whereas at 48 h, the higher IFN-γ concentrations gave a more pronounced effect on the viability in all cell types. Trp was detected at various levels in the culture medium from all cell types before and after IFN-γ treatment. The degradation to Kyn was detected in primary melanocytes, Mel Juso, and Mel Ho cell lines after 24 h of treatment and low levels of IFN-γ. However, the higher concentration of IFN-γ, 20 ng/ml, induced Kyn to various degrees in all cell types after 24 h. The change in mRNA quantity of IDO-1 and PD-L1 was similar in all cell types. Conclusion To conclude, no significant difference in upregulation of the immune checkpoint inhibitors PD-L1 and IDO-1 was seen between primary tumour and metastatic melanoma. IFN-γ stimulation of melanocytes and different stages of melanoma cell lines resulted in an increased Kyn/Trp ratio in the more aggressive melanoma cells when a high concentration was used (20 ng/ml) but when a lower concentration of IFN-γ (5 ng/ml) was used an increased Kyn/Trp ratio were detected in media from primary melanocytes and early-stage melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Tassidis
- Department of Natural Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Skaidre Jankovskaja
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms – Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kassem Awad
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms – Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lars Ohlsson
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms – Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anette Gjörloff Wingren
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms – Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna Gustafsson
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms – Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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13
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Muzik O, Shields AF, Barger GR, Jiang H, Chamiraju P, Juhász C. The First Human Application of an F-18-Labeled Tryptophan Analog for PET Imaging of Cancer. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:29-35. [PMID: 38012510 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preclinical studies showed the tryptophan analog PET radiotracer 1-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tryptophan (18F-FETrp) to accumulate in various tumors, including gliomas, and being metabolized via the immunosuppressive kynurenine pathway. In this first-in-human study, we tested the use 18F-FETrp-PET in patients with neuroendocrine and brain tumors. PROCEDURES We applied dynamic brain imaging in patients with gliomas (n = 2) and multi-pass 3D whole-body PET scans in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (n =4). Semiquantitative analysis of organ and tumor tracer uptake was performed using standardized uptake values (SUVs). In addition, organ dosimetry was performed based on extracted time-activity curves and the OLINDA software. RESULTS Neuroendocrine tumors showed an early peak (10-min post-injection) followed by washout. Both gliomas showed prolonged 18F-FETrp accumulation plateauing around 40 min and showing heterogeneous uptake including non-enhancing tumor regions. Biodistribution showed moderate liver uptake and fast clearance of radioactivity into the urinary bladder; the estimated effective doses were similar to other 18F-labeled radioligands. CONCLUSIONS The study provides proof-of-principle data for the safety and potential clinical value of 18F-FETrp-PET for molecular imaging of human gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto Muzik
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
- PET Center, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Anthony F Shields
- PET Center, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Huailei Jiang
- PET Center, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Csaba Juhász
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- PET Center, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
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14
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Jing R, Bai S, Zhang P, Ren H, Jia L, Li W, Zheng G. IDO-1 impairs antitumor immunity of natural killer cells in triple-negative breast cancer via up-regulation of HLA-G. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:135-147. [PMID: 37981615 PMCID: PMC10764509 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are highly aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis. As an essential enzyme in the tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway, indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) has been reported to facilitate immune escape of various tumors. However, the mechanism underlying the immunosuppressive role of IDO-1 in TNBC remains largely uncharacterized. METHODS We examined the IDO-1 expression in 93 clinical TNBC tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues, and analyzed the regulation role of environmental cytokines like IFN-γ in IDO-1 expression. The effect of IDO-1 expression in TNBC cells on the function of NK cells were then evaluated and the underlying mechanisms were exploited. RESULTS IDO-1 expressed in 50 of 93 (54.1%) TNBC patients. TNBC patients with high IDO-1 expression tended to have more infiltrated immune cells including NK cells, which are less active than patients with low IDO-1 expression. NK cells could produce IFN-γ, which induced IDO-1 expression in TNBC cells, whereas IDO-1 impaired the cytotoxicity of co-cultured NK cells by upregulation of HLA-G. Blockade of HLA-G improved the antitumor activity of NK cells to TNBC in vivo. CONCLUSION TNBC cells induce dysfunction of NK cells through an IFN-γ/IDO-1/HLA-G pathway, which provide novel insights into the mechanisms of TNBC progression and demonstrate the applicability of IDO-1 and HLA-G targeting in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jing
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shukun Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Lintao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Weimiao Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Guoxu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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15
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Zhang S, Gao Y, Wang P, Wang S, Wang Y, Li M, Wang A, Zhao K, Zhang Z, Sun J, Guo D, Liang Z. Tryptophan metabolism enzymes are potential targets in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:21996-22005. [PMID: 38062922 PMCID: PMC10757115 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM As the second most prevalent subtype of epithelial ovarian cancers, ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is known for its chemoresistance to conventional platinum-based therapy. In this work, we examined the tryptophan (Trp) metabolism enzymes' differential expression in patients with OCCC to assess the potential for personalised treatment. METHODS A total of 127 OCCC tissues were used to construct tissue microarrays, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of the Trp enzymes IDO1, IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 was performed. The correlations between Trp enzyme expression and clinical characteristics were analysed. RESULTS Positive IDO1, IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 staining was identified in 26.8%, 94.5%, 75.6% and 82.7% of OCCC respectively. IDO1-positive samples were more common in the chemoresistant group than in the platinum-sensitive group (46.7% vs. 19.8%). Moreover, positive expression of IDO1, TDO2 and IL4I1 was related to advanced stage, metastasis, bilateral tumours, endometriosis and tumour rupture (p < 0.05) respectively. Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between bilateral tumours, lymph node metastasis, advanced stage, distant metastasis and aberrant cytology with a poor prognosis for OCCC, while the absence of residual tumour was correlated with a favourable outcome (p < 0.05). However, only bilateral tumours and lymph node metastases were related to a poor prognosis after multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION This is the first study to investigate the expression of the Trp enzymes IDO1, IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 in OCCC tissues. IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 were detected in the majority of OCCC. Clinical traits were correlated with IDO1, IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 expression. IDO1 may be used as a therapeutic target given the large percentage of chemoresistant cases with IDO1 expression. These results will aid the development of personalised therapies for OCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Zhang
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yike Gao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of PathologyAffiliated Hospital of Hebei UniversityBaodingHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetric & Gynaecologic DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Anqi Wang
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Kun Zhao
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Dan Guo
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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16
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Lv Z, Gao W, Du Z, Zheng Y, Liu T, Hao C, Xue D. Alternative splicing of IRF3 plays an important role in the development of hepatocarcinoma. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2276371. [PMID: 37926963 PMCID: PMC10629432 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2276371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a process causing mRNA translation to produce different proteins, and it is crucial for the development of tumours. In this study, we constructed a prognostic model related to alternative splicing events in hepatocarcinoma using bioinformatics analysis, including the alternative splicing of CSAD, AFMID, ZDHHC16, and IRF3. The model is an independent prognostic factor and can accurately predict a patient's prognosis. IRF3 is a transcription factor related to the immune response. Its alternative splicing can affect the expression of various genes related to prognosis and plays an essential role in the tumour microenvironment. We also verified the expression of IRF3 exon skipping isoform in hepatocarcinoma at the mRNA level. In conclusion, we discovered that the alternative splicing of IRF3 is essential for the development of hepatocarcinoma. This study provides new insight into the development of treatments for hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenqi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Du
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chenjun Hao
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongbo Xue
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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17
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Metri NJ, Butt AS, Murali A, Steiner-Lim GZ, Lim CK. Normative Data on Serum and Plasma Tryptophan and Kynurenine Concentrations from 8089 Individuals Across 120 Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Tryptophan Res 2023; 16:11786469231211184. [PMID: 38034059 PMCID: PMC10687991 DOI: 10.1177/11786469231211184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a normative dataset is generated from the published literature on the kynurenine pathway in control participants extracted from case-control and methodological validation studies. Study characteristics were mapped, and studies were evaluated in terms of analytical rigour and methodological validation. Meta-analyses of variance between types of instruments, sample matrices and metabolites were conducted. Regression analyses were applied to determine the relationship between metabolite, sample matrix, biological sex, participant age and study age. The grand mean concentrations of tryptophan in the serum and plasma were 60.52 ± 15.38 μM and 51.45 ± 10.47 μM, respectively. The grand mean concentrations of kynurenine in the serum and plasma were 1.96 ± 0.51 μM and 1.82 ± 0.54 μM, respectively. Regional differences in metabolite concentrations were observed across America, Asia, Australia, Europe and the Middle East. Of the total variance within the data, mode of detection (MOD) accounted for up to 2.96%, sample matrix up to 3.23%, and their interaction explained up to 1.53%; the latter of which was determined to be negligible. This review was intended to inform future empirical research and method development studies and successfully synthesised pilot data. The pilot data reported in this study will inform future precision medicine initiatives aimed at targeting the kynurenine pathway by improving the availability and quality of normative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najwa-Joelle Metri
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Ali S Butt
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Ava Murali
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Genevieve Z Steiner-Lim
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Chai K Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
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18
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Sin R, Sotogaku N, Ohnishi YN, Shuto T, Kuroiwa M, Kawahara Y, Sugiyama K, Murakami Y, Kanai M, Funakoshi H, Chakraborti A, Bibb JA, Nishi A. Inhibition of STAT-mediated cytokine responses to chemically-induced colitis prevents inflammation-associated neurobehavioral impairments. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:173-186. [PMID: 37625556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression can be associated with chronic systemic inflammation, and production of peripheral proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of the kynurenine pathway have been implicated in pathogenesis of depression. However, the mechanistic bases for these comorbidities are not yet well understood. As tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which convert tryptophan to kynurenine, are rate-limiting enzymes of the kynurenine pathway, we screened TDO or IDO inhibitors for effects on the production of proinflammatory cytokines in a mouse macrophage cell line. The TDO inhibitor 680C91 attenuated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and IL-6. Surprisingly, this effect was TDO-independent, as it occurred even in peritoneal macrophages from TDO knockout mice. Instead, the anti-inflammatory effects of 680C91 were mediated through the suppression of signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT) signaling. Furthermore, 680C91 suppressed production of proinflammatory cytokines and STAT signaling in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease. Specifically, 680C91 effectively attenuated acute phase colon cytokine responses in male mice subjected to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Interestingly, this treatment also prevented the development of anxiodepressive-like neurobehaviors in DSS-treated mice during the recovery phase. The ability of 680C91 to prevent anxiodepressive-like behavior in response to chemically-induced colitis appeared to be due to rescue of attenuated dopamine responses in the nucleus accumbens. Thus, inhibition of STAT-mediated, but TDO-independent proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages can prevent inflammation-associated anxiety and depression. Identification of molecular mechanisms involved may facilitate the development of new treatments for gastrointestinal-neuropsychiatric comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Sin
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Naoki Sotogaku
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshinori N Ohnishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Takahide Shuto
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Mahomi Kuroiwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yukie Kawahara
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Keita Sugiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yuki Murakami
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kanai
- Department of Advanced Medical Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Funakoshi
- Department of Advanced Medical Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Ayanabha Chakraborti
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University of Arizona College of Medicine in Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004-2230, USA
| | - James A Bibb
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University of Arizona College of Medicine in Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004-2230, USA
| | - Akinori Nishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.
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Marques Da Costa ME, Zaidi S, Scoazec JY, Droit R, Lim WC, Marchais A, Salmon J, Cherkaoui S, Morscher RJ, Laurent A, Malinge S, Mercher T, Tabone-Eglinger S, Goddard I, Pflumio F, Calvo J, Redini F, Entz-Werlé N, Soriano A, Villanueva A, Cairo S, Chastagner P, Moro M, Owens C, Casanova M, Hladun-Alvaro R, Berlanga P, Daudigeos-Dubus E, Dessen P, Zitvogel L, Lacroix L, Pierron G, Delattre O, Schleiermacher G, Surdez D, Geoerger B. A biobank of pediatric patient-derived-xenograft models in cancer precision medicine trial MAPPYACTS for relapsed and refractory tumors. Commun Biol 2023; 6:949. [PMID: 37723198 PMCID: PMC10507044 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric patients with recurrent and refractory cancers are in most need for new treatments. This study developed patient-derived-xenograft (PDX) models within the European MAPPYACTS cancer precision medicine trial (NCT02613962). To date, 131 PDX models were established following heterotopical and/or orthotopical implantation in immunocompromised mice: 76 sarcomas, 25 other solid tumors, 12 central nervous system tumors, 15 acute leukemias, and 3 lymphomas. PDX establishment rate was 43%. Histology, whole exome and RNA sequencing revealed a high concordance with the primary patient's tumor profile, human leukocyte-antigen characteristics and specific metabolic pathway signatures. A detailed patient molecular characterization, including specific mutations prioritized in the clinical molecular tumor boards are provided. Ninety models were shared with the IMI2 ITCC Pediatric Preclinical Proof-of-concept Platform (IMI2 ITCC-P4) for further exploitation. This PDX biobank of unique recurrent childhood cancers provides an essential support for basic and translational research and treatments development in advanced pediatric malignancies.
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Grants
- This work was supported by grants from Fondation Gustave Roussy; Fédération Enfants Cancers et Santé, Société Française de lutte contre les Cancers et les leucémies de l’Enfant et l’adolescent (SFCE), Association AREMIG and Thibault BRIET; Parrainage médecin-chercheur of Gustave Roussy; INSERM; Canceropôle Ile-de-France; Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (Equipe labellisée); Fondation ARC for the European projects ERA-NET on Translational Cancer Research (TRANSCAN 2) Joint Transnational Call 2014 (JTC 2014) ‘Targeting Of Resistance in PEDiatric Oncology (TORPEDO)’, ERA-NET TRANSCAN JTC 2014 (TRAN201501238), and TRANSCAN JTC 2017 (TRANS201801292); Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-10-EQPX-03, Institut Curie Génomique d’Excellence (ICGex); IMI ITCC-P4 ; The Child Cancer Research Foundation (CCRF), Cancer Council Western Australia (CCWA); PAIR-Pédiatrie/CONECT-AML (INCa-ARC-LIGUE_11905 and Association Laurette Fugain), Ligue contre le cancer (Equipe labellisée, since 2016), OPALE Carnot institute; Dell; Fondation Bristol-Myers Squibb; Association Imagine for Margo; Association Manon Hope; L’Etoile de Martin; La Course de l’Espoir; M la vie avec Lisa; ADAM; Couleur Jade; Dans les pas du Géant; Courir pour Mathieu; Marabout de Ficelle; Olivier Chape; Les Bagouz à Manon; Association Hubert Gouin Enfance et Cancer; Les Amis de Claire; Kurt-und Senta Hermann Stiftung; Holcim Stiftung Wissen; Gertrud-Hagmann-Stiftung für Malignom-Forschung; Heidi Ras Grant Forschungszentrum fürs Kind; Children’s Liver Tumour European Research Network (ChiLTERN) EU H2020 projet (668596); Fundación FERO and the Rotary Clubs Barcelona Eixample, Barcelona Diagonal, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, München-Blutenburg, Sassella-Stiftung, Berger-Janser Stiftung and Krebsliga Zürich, Deutschland Gemeindienst e.V. and others from Barcelona and province, and No Limits Contra el Cáncer Infantil Association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eugénia Marques Da Costa
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Sakina Zaidi
- INSERM U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Centre, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Scoazec
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Translational Research Laboratory and Biobank, AMMICA, INSERM US23/CNRS UMS3655, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Robin Droit
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Bioinformatics Platform, AMMICA, INSERM US23/CNRS, UAR3655, Villejuif, France
| | - Wan Ching Lim
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Antonin Marchais
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Jerome Salmon
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Sarah Cherkaoui
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael J Morscher
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anouchka Laurent
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, INSERM U1170, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, PEDIAC program, Villejuif, France
| | - Sébastien Malinge
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, INSERM U1170, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, PEDIAC program, Villejuif, France
- Telethon Kids Institute - Cancer Centre, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Thomas Mercher
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, INSERM U1170, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, PEDIAC program, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Isabelle Goddard
- Small Animal Platform, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Claude Bernard Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Francoise Pflumio
- UMR-E008 Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université de Paris-Université Paris-Saclay, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julien Calvo
- UMR-E008 Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université de Paris-Université Paris-Saclay, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Natacha Entz-Werlé
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7021, team tumoral signaling and therapeutic targets, University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Pharmacy, Illkirch, France
| | - Aroa Soriano
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research Group, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Xenopat SL, Parc Cientific de Barcelona (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pascal Chastagner
- Children University Hospital, Vandoeuvre‑lès‑Nancy, University of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Massimo Moro
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Cormac Owens
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, Children's Health Ireland, Crumlin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Raquel Hladun-Alvaro
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research Group, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Berlanga
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Philippe Dessen
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Bioinformatics Platform, AMMICA, INSERM US23/CNRS, UAR3655, Villejuif, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Ludovic Lacroix
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Translational Research Laboratory and Biobank, AMMICA, INSERM US23/CNRS UMS3655, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Gaelle Pierron
- Unité de Génétique Somatique, Service d'oncogénétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Delattre
- INSERM U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Centre, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France
- Unité de Génétique Somatique, Service d'oncogénétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- SiRIC RTOP (Recherche Translationnelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique); Translational Research Department, Institut Curie Research Center, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Gudrun Schleiermacher
- INSERM U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Centre, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France
- SiRIC RTOP (Recherche Translationnelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique); Translational Research Department, Institut Curie Research Center, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Didier Surdez
- INSERM U830, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Centre, Institut Curie Research Centre, Paris, France
- Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
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20
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Basson C, Serem JC, Hlophe YN, Bipath P. The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in immunomodulation and cancer metastasis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18691-18701. [PMID: 37644823 PMCID: PMC10557908 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The activation of the kynurenine pathway in cancer progression and metastasis through immunomodulatory pathways has drawn attention to the potential for kynurenine pathway inhibition. The activation of the kynurenine pathway, which results in the production of kynurenine metabolites through the degradation of tryptophan, promotes the development of intrinsically malignant properties in cancer cells while facilitating tumour immune escape. In addition, kynurenine metabolites act as biologically active substances to promote cancer development and metastasis. METHODS A literature review was conducted to investigate the role of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in immunomodulation and cancer metastasis. RESULTS Evidence suggests that several enzymes and metabolites implicated in the kynurenine pathway are overexpressed in various cancers. As such, the tryptophan pathway represents a promising target for cancer treatment. However, downstream signalling pathways, including aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation, have previously induced diverse biological effects in various malignancies, which resulted in either the promotion or the inhibition of metastasis. CONCLUSION As a result, a thorough investigation of the kynurenine pathway and its regulatory mechanisms is necessary in order to properly comprehend the effects of kynurenine pathway activation involved in cancer development and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlise Basson
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - June Cheptoo Serem
- Department of Anatomy, School of MedicineUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Yvette Nkondo Hlophe
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Priyesh Bipath
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
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21
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Afra F, Mahboobipour AA, Salehi Farid A, Ala M. Recent progress in the immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: Non-coding RNA-based immunotherapy may improve the outcome. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115104. [PMID: 37393866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most lethal cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly improved the prognosis of HCC; however, the therapeutic response remains unsatisfactory in a substantial proportion of patients or needs to be further improved in responders. Herein, other methods of immunotherapy, including vaccine-based immunotherapy, adoptive cell therapy, cytokine delivery, kynurenine pathway inhibition, and gene delivery, have been adopted in clinical trials. Although the results were not encouraging enough to expedite their marketing. A major proportion of human genome is transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Preclinical studies have extensively investigated the roles of ncRNAs in different aspects of HCC biology. HCC cells reprogram the expression pattern of numerous ncRNAs to decrease the immunogenicity of HCC, exhaust the cytotoxic and anti-cancer function of CD8 + T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and M1 macrophages, and promote the immunosuppressive function of T Reg cells, M2 macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Mechanistically, cancer cells recruit ncRNAs to interact with immune cells, thereby regulating the expression of immune checkpoints, functional receptors of immune cells, cytotoxic enzymes, and inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, prediction models based on the tissue expression or even serum levels of ncRNAs could predict response to immunotherapy in HCC. Moreover, ncRNAs markedly potentiated the efficacy of ICIs in murine models of HCC. This review article first discusses recent advances in the immunotherapy of HCC, then dissects the involvement and potential application of ncRNAs in the immunotherapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Afra
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Mahboobipour
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Salehi Farid
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Ala
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Schlichtner S, Yasinska IM, Klenova E, Abooali M, Lall GS, Berger SM, Ruggiero S, Cholewa D, Milošević M, Gibbs BF, Fasler-Kan E, Sumbayev VV. L-Kynurenine participates in cancer immune evasion by downregulating hypoxic signaling in T lymphocytes. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2244330. [PMID: 37577144 PMCID: PMC10416736 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2244330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors often escape anticancer immune surveillance by suppressing the cytotoxic functions of T lymphocytes. While many of these immune evasion networks include checkpoint proteins, small molecular weight compounds, such as the amino acid L-kynurenine (LKU), could also substantially contribute to the suppression of anti-cancer immunity. However, the biochemical mechanisms underlying the suppressive effects of LKU on T-cells remain unclear. Here, we report for the first time that LKU suppresses T cell function as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand. The presence of LKU in T cells is associated with AhR activation, which results in competition between AhR and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) for the AhR nuclear translocator, ARNT, leading to T cell exhaustion. The expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1, the enzyme that leads to LKU generation) is induced by the TGF-β-Smad-3 pathway. We also show that IDO-negative cancers utilize an alternative route for LKU production via the endogenous inflammatory mediator, the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1)-interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) axis. In addition, other IDO-negative tumors (like T-cell lymphomas) trigger IDO1 activation in eosinophils present in the tumor microenvironment (TME). These mechanisms suppress cytotoxic T cell function, and thus support the tumor immune evasion machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Schlichtner
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, UK
- Department of Personalized Medical Oncology, DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Division of Personalized Medical Oncology (A420), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Inna M. Yasinska
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, UK
| | - Elena Klenova
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Maryam Abooali
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, UK
| | - Gurprit S. Lall
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, UK
| | - Steffen M. Berger
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern and Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Ruggiero
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern and Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Cholewa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern and Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Milan Milošević
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern and Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard F. Gibbs
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, UK
- Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Elizaveta Fasler-Kan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern and Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vadim V. Sumbayev
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, UK
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23
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Farhana A, Alsrhani A, Khan YS, Rasheed Z. Cancer Bioenergetics and Tumor Microenvironments-Enhancing Chemotherapeutics and Targeting Resistant Niches through Nanosystems. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3836. [PMID: 37568652 PMCID: PMC10416858 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an impending bottleneck in the advanced scientific workflow to achieve diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic success. Most cancers are refractory to conventional diagnostic and chemotherapeutics due to their limited targetability, specificity, solubility, and side effects. The inherent ability of each cancer to evolve through various genetic and epigenetic transformations and metabolic reprogramming underlies therapeutic limitations. Though tumor microenvironments (TMEs) are quite well understood in some cancers, each microenvironment differs from the other in internal perturbations and metabolic skew thereby impeding the development of appropriate diagnostics, drugs, vaccines, and therapies. Cancer associated bioenergetics modulations regulate TME, angiogenesis, immune evasion, generation of resistant niches and tumor progression, and a thorough understanding is crucial to the development of metabolic therapies. However, this remains a missing element in cancer theranostics, necessitating the development of modalities that can be adapted for targetability, diagnostics and therapeutics. In this challenging scenario, nanomaterials are modular platforms for understanding TME and achieving successful theranostics. Several nanoscale particles have been successfully researched in animal models, quite a few have reached clinical trials, and some have achieved clinical success. Nanoparticles exhibit an intrinsic capability to interact with diverse biomolecules and modulate their functions. Furthermore, nanoparticles can be functionalized with receptors, modulators, and drugs to facilitate specific targeting with reduced toxicity. This review discusses the current understanding of different theranostic nanosystems, their synthesis, functionalization, and targetability for therapeutic modulation of bioenergetics, and metabolic reprogramming of the cancer microenvironment. We highlight the potential of nanosystems for enhanced chemotherapeutic success emphasizing the questions that remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Farhana
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alsrhani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yusuf Saleem Khan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6655, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Yang P, Zhang J. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Activity: A Perspective Biomarker for Laboratory Determination in Tumor Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1988. [PMID: 37509627 PMCID: PMC10377333 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a heme enzyme involved in catalyzing the conversion of tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn) at the first rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of L-tryptophan metabolism. It has been found to be involved in several biological functions such as aging, immune microorganism, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases, and cancer. IDO1 plays an important role in immune tolerance by depleting tryptophan in the tumor microenvironment and inhibiting the proliferation of effector T cells, which makes it an important emerging biomarker for cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, the research and development of IDO1 inhibitors are of great importance for tumor therapy. Of interest, IDO activity assays are of great value in the screening and evaluation of inhibitors. Herein, we mainly review the biological functions of IDO1, immune regulation, key signaling molecules in the response pathway, and the development of IDO1 inhibitors in clinical trials. Furthermore, this review provides a comprehensive overview and, in particular, a discussion of currently available IDO activity assays for use in the evaluation of IDO inhibitors in human blood. We believe that the IDO activity is a promising biomarker for the immune escape and laboratory evaluation of tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
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25
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Stone TW, Williams RO. Interactions of IDO and the Kynurenine Pathway with Cell Transduction Systems and Metabolism at the Inflammation-Cancer Interface. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112895. [PMID: 37296860 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying a relationship between inflammation and cancer are unclear, but much emphasis has been placed on the role of tryptophan metabolism to kynurenine and downstream metabolites, as these make a substantial contribution to the regulation of immune tolerance and susceptibility to cancer. The proposed link is supported by the induction of tryptophan metabolism by indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) or tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), in response to injury, infection or stress. This review will summarize the kynurenine pathway and will then focus on the bi-directional interactions with other transduction pathways and cancer-related factors. The kynurenine pathway can interact with and modify activity in many other transduction systems, potentially generating an extended web of effects other than the direct effects of kynurenine and its metabolites. Conversely, the pharmacological targeting of those other systems could greatly enhance the efficacy of changes in the kynurenine pathway. Indeed, manipulating those interacting pathways could affect inflammatory status and tumor development indirectly via the kynurenine pathway, while pharmacological modulation of the kynurenine pathway could indirectly influence anti-cancer protection. While current efforts are progressing to account for the failure of selective IDO1 inhibitors to inhibit tumor growth and to devise means of circumventing the issue, it is clear that there are wider factors involving the relationship between kynurenines and cancer that merit detailed consideration as alternative drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor W Stone
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Richard O Williams
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
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26
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Zárate LV, Miret NV, Nicola Candia AJ, Zappia CD, Pontillo CA, Chiappini FA, Monczor F, Candolfi M, Randi AS. Breast cancer progression and kynurenine pathway enzymes are induced by hexachlorobenzene exposure in a Her2-positive model. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 177:113822. [PMID: 37169060 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading cancers among women worldwide. Given the evidence that pesticides play an important role in breast cancer, interest has grown in pesticide impact on disease progression. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand, promotes triple-negative breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) inhibits cancer motility, while G protein-coupled ER (GPER) modulates the neoplastic transformation. Tryptophan is metabolized through the kynurenine pathway by indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), with kynurenine signaling activation often predicting worse prognosis in cancer. In this context, we examined the HCB (0.005; 0.05; 0.5 and 5 μM) effect on LM3 cells, a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer model. Results show that HCB increases IDO and TDO mRNA levels and promotes cell viability, proliferation and migration through the AhR pathway. Moreover, HCB boosts mammosphere formation, vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase-2 expression and reduces IL-10 levels. For some parameters, U-shaped or inverted U-shaped dose-response curves are shown. HCB alters ER levels, reducing ERβ while increasing GPER. These results demonstrate that exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of HCB up-regulates the kynurenine pathway and dysregulates ERβ and GPER levels, collaborating in HER2-positive breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena V Zárate
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminants Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Noelia V Miret
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminants Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Físico-Matemática, Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Junín 954, 1er Subsuelo, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Alejandro J Nicola Candia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Laboratorio de Inmunoterapia Antitumoral, Paraguay 2155, Piso 10, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - C Daniel Zappia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (UBA-CONICET), Laboratorio de Farmacología de Receptors, Junín 954, Planta Baja, (CP1113), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carolina A Pontillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminants Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Florencia A Chiappini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminants Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Federico Monczor
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (UBA-CONICET), Laboratorio de Farmacología de Receptors, Junín 954, Planta Baja, (CP1113), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Laboratorio de Inmunoterapia Antitumoral, Paraguay 2155, Piso 10, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andrea S Randi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminants Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Källberg J, Harrison A, March V, Bērziņa S, Nemazanyy I, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Mouillet-Richard S, Laurent-Puig P, Taly V, Xiao W. Intratumor heterogeneity and cell secretome promote chemotherapy resistance and progression of colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:306. [PMID: 37142595 PMCID: PMC10160076 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05806-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The major underlying cause for the high mortality rate in colorectal cancer (CRC) relies on its drug resistance, to which intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) contributes substantially. CRC tumors have been reported to comprise heterogeneous populations of cancer cells that can be grouped into 4 consensus molecular subtypes (CMS). However, the impact of inter-cellular interaction between these cellular states on the emergence of drug resistance and CRC progression remains elusive. Here, we explored the interaction between cell lines belonging to the CMS1 (HCT116 and LoVo) and the CMS4 (SW620 and MDST8) in a 3D coculture model, mimicking the ITH of CRC. The spatial distribution of each cell population showed that CMS1 cells had a preference to grow in the center of cocultured spheroids, while CMS4 cells localized at the periphery, in line with observations in tumors from CRC patients. Cocultures of CMS1 and CMS4 cells did not alter cell growth, but significantly sustained the survival of both CMS1 and CMS4 cells in response to the front-line chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Mechanistically, the secretome of CMS1 cells exhibited a remarkable protective effect for CMS4 cells against 5-FU treatment, while promoting cellular invasion. Secreted metabolites may be responsible for these effects, as demonstrated by the existence of 5-FU induced metabolomic shifts, as well as by the experimental transfer of the metabolome between CMS1 and CMS4 cells. Overall, our results suggest that the interplay between CMS1 and CMS4 cells stimulates CRC progression and reduces the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Källberg
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Harrison
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France
| | - Valerie March
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France
| | - Santa Bērziņa
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Nemazanyy
- Platform for Metabolic Analyses, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24/CNRS UMS 3633, Paris, France
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Equipe labellisée par La Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par La Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Mouillet-Richard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Taly
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France.
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Paris, France.
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Abstract
Metabolic alterations are a key hallmark of cancer cells, and the augmented synthesis and use of nucleotide triphosphates is a critical and universal metabolic dependency of cancer cells across different cancer types and genetic backgrounds. Many of the aggressive behaviours of cancer cells, including uncontrolled proliferation, chemotherapy resistance, immune evasion and metastasis, rely heavily on augmented nucleotide metabolism. Furthermore, most of the known oncogenic drivers upregulate nucleotide biosynthetic capacity, suggesting that this phenotype is a prerequisite for cancer initiation and progression. Despite the wealth of data demonstrating the efficacy of nucleotide synthesis inhibitors in preclinical cancer models and the well-established clinical use of these drugs in certain cancer settings, the full potential of these agents remains unrealized. In this Review, we discuss recent studies that have generated mechanistic insights into the diverse biological roles of hyperactive cancer cell nucleotide metabolism. We explore opportunities for combination therapies that are highlighted by these recent advances and detail key questions that remain to be answered, with the goal of informing urgently warranted future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Mullen
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Lashgari NA, Roudsari NM, Shayan M, Niazi Shahraki F, Hosseini Y, Momtaz S, Abdolghaffari AH. IDO/Kynurenine; novel insight for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Cytokine 2023; 166:156206. [PMID: 37120946 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress play pivotal roles in pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, neurological diseases, and inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Inflammatory mediators such as interleukins (ILs), interferons (INF-s), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are related to an extended chance of inflammatory diseases initiation or progression due to the over expression of the nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducer of activators of transcription (STAT), nod-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP), toll-like receptors (TLR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. These pathways are completely interconnected. Theindoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) subset of the kynurenine (KYN) (IDO/KYN), is a metabolic inflammatory pathway involved in production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ). It has been shown that IDO/KYN actively participates in inflammatory processes and can increase the secretion of cytokines that provoke inflammatory diseases. Data were extracted from clinical and animal studies published in English between 1990-April 2022, which were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane library. IDO/KYN is completely associated with inflammatory-related pathways, thus leading to the production of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and ultimately development and progression of various inflammatory disorders. Inhibition of the IDO/KYN pathway might be a novel therapeutic option for inflammatory diseases. Herein, we gathered data on probable interactions of the IDO/KYN pathway with induction of some inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser-Aldin Lashgari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Momeni Roudsari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shayan
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Niazi Shahraki
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasamin Hosseini
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Pérez de la Cruz G, Pérez de la Cruz V, Navarro Cossio J, Vázquez Cervantes GI, Salazar A, Orozco Morales M, Pineda B. Kynureninase Promotes Immunosuppression and Predicts Survival in Glioma Patients: In Silico Data Analyses of the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030369. [PMID: 36986469 PMCID: PMC10051585 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Kynureninase (KYNU) is a kynurenine pathway (KP) enzyme that produces metabolites with immunomodulatory properties. In recent years, overactivation of KP has been associated with poor prognosis of several types of cancer, in particular by promoting the invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance of cancer cells. However, the role of KYNU in gliomas remains to be explored. In this study, we used the available data from TCGA, CGGA and GTEx projects to analyze KYNU expression in gliomas and healthy tissue, as well as the potential contribution of KYNU in the tumor immune infiltrate. In addition, immune-related genes were screened with KYNU expression. KYNU expression correlated with the increased malignancy of astrocytic tumors. Survival analysis in primary astrocytomas showed that KYNU expression correlated with poor prognosis. Additionally, KYNU expression correlated positively with several genes related to an immunosuppressive microenvironment and with the characteristic immune tumor infiltrate. These findings indicate that KYNU could be a potential therapeutic target for modulating the tumor microenvironment and enhancing an effective antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Pérez de la Cruz
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Verónica Pérez de la Cruz
- Neurobiochemistry and Behavior Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Javier Navarro Cossio
- Neuroimmunology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Ignacio Vázquez Cervantes
- Neurobiochemistry and Behavior Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Aleli Salazar
- Neuroimmunology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Mario Orozco Morales
- Neuroimmunology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Benjamin Pineda
- Neuroimmunology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5606-4040
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31
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PPARs and the Kynurenine Pathway in Melanoma-Potential Biological Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043114. [PMID: 36834531 PMCID: PMC9960262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors involved in various physiological and pathological processes within the skin. PPARs regulate several processes in one of the most aggressive skin cancers, melanoma, including proliferation, cell cycle, metabolic homeostasis, cell death, and metastasis. In this review, we focused not only on the biological activity of PPAR isoforms in melanoma initiation, progression, and metastasis but also on potential biological interactions between the PPAR signaling and the kynurenine pathways. The kynurenine pathway is a major pathway of tryptophan metabolism leading to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) production. Importantly, various tryptophan metabolites exert biological activity toward cancer cells, including melanoma. Previous studies confirmed the functional relationship between PPAR and the kynurenine pathway in skeletal muscles. Despite the fact this interaction has not been reported in melanoma to date, some bioinformatics data and biological activity of PPAR ligands and tryptophan metabolites may suggest a potential involvement of these metabolic and signaling pathways in melanoma initiation, progression, and metastasis. Importantly, the possible relationship between the PPAR signaling pathway and the kynurenine pathway may relate not only to the direct biological effect on melanoma cells but also to the tumor microenvironment and the immune system.
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32
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Acute mania due to capecitabine and oxaliplatin in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer. CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CANCER: CASE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpccr.2023.100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
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Sweeney C, Lazennec G, Vogel CFA. Environmental exposure and the role of AhR in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1095289. [PMID: 36588678 PMCID: PMC9797527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1095289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) through environmental exposure to chemicals including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) can lead to severe adverse health effects and increase the risk of breast cancer. This review considers several mechanisms which link the tumor promoting effects of environmental pollutants with the AhR signaling pathway, contributing to the development and progression of breast cancer. We explore AhR's function in shaping the tumor microenvironment, modifying immune tolerance, and regulating cancer stemness, driving breast cancer chemoresistance and metastasis. The complexity of AhR, with evidence for both oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles is discussed. We propose that AhR functions as a "molecular bridge", linking disproportionate toxin exposure and policies which underlie environmental injustice with tumor cell behaviors which drive poor patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Sweeney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Gwendal Lazennec
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SYS2DIAG-ALCEN, Cap Delta, Montpellier, France
| | - Christoph F. A. Vogel
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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34
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Badawy AB. Tryptophan metabolism and disposition in cancer biology and immunotherapy. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:BSR20221682. [PMID: 36286592 PMCID: PMC9653095 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20221682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumours utilise tryptophan (Trp) and its metabolites to promote their growth and evade host defences. They recruit Trp through up-regulation of Trp transporters, and up-regulate key enzymes of Trp degradation and down-regulate others. Thus, Trp 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), IDO2, N'-formylkynurenine formamidase (FAMID) and Kyn aminotransferase 1 (KAT1) are all up-regulated in many cancer types, whereas Kyn monooxygenase (KMO), kynureninase (KYNU), 2-amino-3-carboxymuconic acid-6-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) and quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) are up-regulated in a few, but down-regulated in many, cancers. This results in accumulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand kynurenic acid and in depriving the host of NAD+ by blocking its synthesis from quinolinic acid. The host loses more NAD+ by up-regulation of the NAD+-consuming poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and the protein acetylaters SIRTs. The nicotinamide arising from PARP and SIRT activation can be recycled in tumours to NAD+ by the up-regulated key enzymes of the salvage pathway. Up-regulation of the Trp transporters SLC1A5 and SLC7A5 is associated mostly with that of TDO2 = FAMID > KAT1 > IDO2 > IDO1. Tumours down-regulate enzymes of serotonin synthesis, thereby removing competition for Trp from the serotonin pathway. Strategies for combating tumoral immune escape could involve inhibition of Trp transport into tumours, inhibition of TDO and IDOs, inhibition of FAMID, inhibition of KAT and KYNU, inhibition of NMPRT and NMNAT, inhibition of the AhR, IL-4I1, PARPs and SIRTs, and by decreasing plasma free Trp availability to tumours by albumin infusion or antilipolytic agents and inhibition of glucocorticoid induction of TDO by glucocorticoid antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulla A.-B. Badawy
- Formerly School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, Wales, U.K
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35
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Wu L, Li W, Chen G, Yang Z, Lv X, Zheng L, Sun J, Ai L, Sun B, Ni L. Ameliorative effects of monascin from red mold rice on alcoholic liver injury and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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36
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Zhao C, Zhang H, Zhou J, Liu Q, Lu Q, Zhang Y, Yu X, Wang S, Liu R, Pu Y, Yin L. Metabolomic transition trajectory and potential mechanisms of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine induced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114071. [PMID: 36113270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an environment-relevant malignancy with a high mortality. Nitrosamines, a class of nitrogen-containing environmental carcinogens, are widely suggested as a risk factor for ESCC. However, how nitrosamines affect metabolic regulation to promote ESCC tumorigenesis is largely unknown. In this study, the transition trajectory of serum metabolism in the course of ESCC induced by N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) in rats was depicted by an untargeted metabolomic analysis, and the potential molecular mechanisms were revealed. The results showed that the metabolic alteration in rats was slight at the basal cell hyperplasia (BCH) stage, while it became apparent when the esophageal lesion developed into dysplasia (DYS) or more serious conditions. Moreover, serum metabolism of severe dysplasia (S-DYS) showed more similar characteristics to that of carcinoma in situ (CIS) and invasive cancer (IC). Aberrant nicotinate (NA) and nicotinamide (NAM) metabolism, tryptophan (TRP) metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism could be the key players favoring the malignant transformation of esophageal epithelium induced by NMBA. More particularly, NA and NAM metabolism in the precancerous stages and TRP metabolism in the cancerous stages were demonstrated to replenish NAD+ in different patterns. Furthermore, both the IDO1-KYN-AHR axis mediated by TRP metabolism and the SPHK1-S1P-S1PR1 axis by sphingolipid metabolism provided an impetus to create the pro-inflammatory yet immune-suppressive microenvironment to facilitate the esophageal tumorigenesis and progression. Together, these suggested that NMBA exerted its carcinogenicity via more than one pathway, which may act together to produce combination effects. Targeting these pathways may open up the possibility to attenuate NMBA-induced esophageal carcinogenesis. However, the interconnection between different metabolic pathways needs to be specified further. And the integrative and multi-level systematic research will be conducive to fully understanding the mechanisms of NMBA-induced ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; School of Nursing & School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiwei Liu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojin Yu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China.
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Puopolo T, Chang T, Liu C, Li H, Liu X, Wu X, Ma H, Seeram NP. Gram-Scale Preparation of Cannflavin A from Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) and Its Inhibitory Effect on Tryptophan Catabolism Enzyme Kynurenine-3-Monooxygenase. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101416. [PMID: 36290320 PMCID: PMC9598531 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors targeting kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO), an enzyme in the neurotoxic kynurenine pathway (KP), are potential therapeutics for KP metabolites-mediated neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. Although phytochemicals from Cannabis (C. sativa L.) have been reported to show modulating effects on enzymes involved in the KP metabolism, the inhibitory effects of C. sativa compounds, including phytocannabinoids and non-phytocannabinoids (i.e., cannflavin A; CFA), on KMO remain unknown. Herein, CFA (purified from hemp aerial material at a gram-scale) and a series of phytocannabinoids were evaluated for their anti-KMO activity. CFA showed the most active inhibitory effect on KMO, which was comparable to the positive control Ro 61-8048 (IC50 = 29.4 vs. 5.1 μM, respectively). Furthermore, a molecular docking study depicted the molecular interactions between CFA and the KMO protein and a biophysical binding assay with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique revealed that CFA bound to the protein with a binding affinity of 4.1×10−5 M. A competitive SPR binding analysis suggested that CFA and Ro 61-8048 bind to the KMO protein in a competitive manner. Our findings show that C. sativa derived phytochemicals, including CFA, are potential KMO inhibitors, which provides insight into the development of therapeutics targeting the KP and its related pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Puopolo
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Tanran Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Huifang Li
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Xu Liu
- Yunnan Hempmon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kunming 650032, China
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Health, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Hang Ma
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Correspondence: (H.M.); (N.P.S.)
| | - Navindra P. Seeram
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Correspondence: (H.M.); (N.P.S.)
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Microbial Tryptophan Metabolism Tunes Host Immunity, Metabolism, and Extraintestinal Disorders. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090834. [PMID: 36144238 PMCID: PMC9505266 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The trillions of commensal microorganisms comprising the gut microbiota have received growing attention owing to their impact on host physiology. Recent advances in our understandings of the host–microbiota crosstalk support a pivotal role of microbiota-derived metabolites in various physiological processes, as they serve as messengers in the complex dialogue between commensals and host immune and endocrine cells. In this review, we highlight the importance of tryptophan-derived metabolites in host physiology, and summarize the recent findings on the role of tryptophan catabolites in preserving intestinal homeostasis and fine-tuning immune and metabolic responses. Furthermore, we discuss the latest evidence on the effects of microbial tryptophan catabolites, describe their mechanisms of action, and discuss how perturbations of microbial tryptophan metabolism may affect the course of intestinal and extraintestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases, metabolic disorders, chronic kidney diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.
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OATD-02 Validates the Benefits of Pharmacological Inhibition of Arginase 1 and 2 in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163967. [PMID: 36010962 PMCID: PMC9406419 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Arginase 1 and 2 are drivers of multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms and tumour-specific metabolic adaptations. Pharmacological inhibition of extracellular ARG1 has shown antitumour efficacy in various syngeneic tumour models, however, the importance of ARG2 as a therapeutic target has only been demonstrated by genetic deletion studies. This is the first study validating the benefits of pharmacological inhibition of ARG2 in cancer. Our work describes OATD-02 as a potent dual ARG1/ARG2 inhibitor with a cellular activity (necessary for targeting ARG2) exhibiting immunomodulatory and direct antitumour efficacy in animal models. Our results present OATD-02 as an attractive option for combination with other immunotherapeutics, such as PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies or IDO1 inhibitors, especially in the therapy of particularly resistant hypoxic tumours. The presented findings provided the rationale for planning first-in-human clinical trials for OATD-02 in cancer patients. Abstract Background: Arginases play essential roles in metabolic pathways, determining the fitness of both immune and tumour cells. Along with the previously validated role of ARG1 in cancer, the particular significance of ARG2 as a therapeutic target has emerged as its levels correlate with malignant phenotype and poor prognosis. These observations unveil arginases, and specifically ARG2, as well-validated and promising therapeutic targets. OATD-02, a new boronic acid derivative, is the only dual inhibitor, which can address the benefits of pharmacological inhibition of arginase 1 and 2 in cancer. Methods: The inhibitory activity of OATD-02 was determined using recombinant ARG1 and ARG2, as well as in a cellular system using primary hepatocytes and macrophages. In vivo antitumor activity was determined in syngeneic models of colorectal and kidney carcinomas (CT26 and Renca, respectively), as well as in an ARG2-dependent xenograft model of leukaemia (K562). Results: OATD-02 was shown to be a potent dual (ARG1/ARG2) arginase inhibitor with a cellular activity necessary for targeting ARG2. Compared to a reference inhibitor with predominant extracellular activity towards ARG1, we have shown improved and statistically significant antitumor efficacy in the CT26 model and an immunomodulatory effect reflected by Treg inhibition in the Renca model. Importantly, OATD-02 had a superior activity when combined with other immunotherapeutics. Finally, OATD-02 effectively inhibited the proliferation of human K562 leukemic cells both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: OATD-02 is a potent small-molecule arginase inhibitor with optimal drug-like properties, including PK/PD profile. Excellent activity against intracellular ARG2 significantly distinguishes OATD-02 from other arginase inhibitors. OATD-02 represents a very promising drug candidate for the combined treatment of tumours, and is the only pharmacological tool that can effectively address the benefits of ARG1/ARG2 inhibition. OATD-02 will enter clinical trials in cancer patients in 2022.
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McGovern K, Castro AC, Cavanaugh J, Coma S, Walsh M, Tchaicha J, Syed S, Natarajan P, Manfredi M, Zhang XM, Ecsedy J. Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor, IK-175, and Its Inhibitory Activity on Tumor Immune Suppression. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1261-1272. [PMID: 35666806 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a transcription factor that regulates the activity of multiple innate and adaptive immune cells subsequent to binding to numerous endogenous and exogenous ligands. For example, AHR is activated by the metabolite kynurenine, which is secreted into the tumor microenvironment by cancer cells leading to broad immunosuppression. Therefore, AHR inhibition provides a novel and ideal approach to stimulate immune-mediated recognition and subsequent eradication of tumor cells. We report here the discovery and characterization of IK-175, a novel, potent and selective AHR antagonist with favorable ADME and pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical species. IK-175 inhibits AHR activity in experimental systems derived from multiple species including mouse, rat, monkey, and humans. In human primary immune cells, IK-175 decreased AHR target gene expression and anti-inflammatory cytokine release and increased proinflammatory cytokine release. Moreover, IK-175 led to a decrease in suppressive IL17A-, IL-22+ expressing T cells in a Th17 differentiation assay. IK-175 dose dependently blocks ligand-stimulated AHR activation of Cyp1a1 transcription in mouse liver and spleen, demonstrating on-target in vivo activity. IK-175 increases proinflammatory phenotype of the tumor microenvironment in mouse syngeneic tumors and in adjacent tumor-draining lymph nodes. As a monotherapy and combined with an anti-PD-1 antibody, IK-175 demonstrates antitumor activity in syngeneic mouse models of colorectal cancer and melanoma. IK-175 also demonstrates antitumor activity combined with liposomal doxorubicin in syngeneic mouse tumors. These studies provide rationale for targeting AHR in patients with cancer. IK-175 is being evaluated in a phase I clinical trial in patients with advanced solid tumors.
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Abd El-Fattah EE. IDO/kynurenine pathway in cancer: possible therapeutic approaches. Lab Invest 2022; 20:347. [PMID: 35918736 PMCID: PMC9344609 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03554-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in both men and women worldwide. One of the main changes associated with cancer progression, metastasis, recurrence, and chemoresistance is the change in the tumor immune microenvironment, especially immunosuppression. Cancer immunosuppression appears in multiple forms, such as inhibition of immuno-stimulant cells with downregulation of immuno-stimulant mediators or through stimulation of immuno-suppressive cells with upregulation of immunosuppressive mediators. One of the most immunosuppressive mediators that approved potency in lung cancer progression is indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and its metabolite kynurenine (Kyn). The current review tries to elucidate the role of IDO/Kyn on cancer proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and cancer stemness. Besides, our review investigates the new therapeutic modalities that target IDO/Kyn pathway and thus as drug candidates for targeting lung cancer and drugs that potentiate IDO/Kyn pathway and thus can be cancer-promoting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam E Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt.
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Nadour Z, Simian C, Laprévote O, Loriot MA, Larabi IA, Pallet N. Validation of a liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of tryptophan and 10 key metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in plasma and urine: Application to a cohort of acute kidney injury patients. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 534:115-127. [PMID: 35870540 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of tryptophan (Trp) and ten metabolites of kynurenine pathway, including kynurenine (Kyn), 3-hydroxy-kynurenine (3-HK), kynurenic acid (KA), xanthurenic acid (XA), 3-Hydroxy-anthranilic acid (3-HANA), quinolinic acid (QA), nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN), picolinic acid (Pic), nicotinamide (NAM) and nicotinic acid (NA) in both plasma and urine. This LC-MS/MS method was used to predict the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a cohort of patients with cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Urinary concentrations of Pic, as well as Pic to Trp and Pic to 3-HANA ratios were highly predictive of an AKI episode the week after CPB, indicating that Pic could be a predictive biomarker of AKI. Thus, monitoring the kynurenine pathway activity with this LC-MS/MS method is a clinically relevant tool to identify new biomarkers of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahia Nadour
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Paris University, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de médecine, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - Christophe Simian
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Laprévote
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Loriot
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Paris University, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Islam Amine Larabi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paris-Saclay University (Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines University), Inserm U-1173, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, 104 Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Nicolas Pallet
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Paris University, INSERM UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
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Ala M, Eftekhar SP. The Footprint of Kynurenine Pathway in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Tryptophan Res 2022; 15:11786469221096643. [PMID: 35784899 PMCID: PMC9248048 DOI: 10.1177/11786469221096643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Kynurenine pathway is the main route of tryptophan metabolism and produces several metabolites with various biologic properties. It has been uncovered that several cardiovascular diseases are associated with the overactivation of kynurenine pathway and kynurenine and its metabolites have diagnostic and prognostic value in cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, it was found that several kynurenine metabolites can differently affect cardiovascular health. For instance, preclinical studies have shown that kynurenine, xanthurenic acid and cis-WOOH decrease blood pressure; kynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid prevent atherosclerosis; kynurenic acid supplementation and kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) inhibition improve the outcome of stroke. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) overactivity and increased kynurenine levels improve cardiac and vascular transplantation outcomes, whereas exacerbating the outcome of myocardial ischemia, post-ischemic myocardial remodeling, and abdominal aorta aneurysm. IDO inhibition and KMO inhibition are also protective against viral myocarditis. In addition, dysregulation of kynurenine pathway is observed in several conditions such as senescence, depression, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cirrhosis, and cancer closely connected to cardiovascular dysfunction. It is worth defining the exact effect of each metabolite of kynurenine pathway on cardiovascular health. This narrative review is the first review that separately discusses the involvement of kynurenine pathway in different cardiovascular diseases and dissects the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Parsa Eftekhar
- Student Research Committee, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Unbalanced IDO1/IDO2 Endothelial Expression and Skewed Keynurenine Pathway in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 Pneumonia. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061332. [PMID: 35740354 PMCID: PMC9220124 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite intense investigation, the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and the newly defined long COVID-19 syndrome are not fully understood. Increasing evidence has been provided of metabolic alterations characterizing this group of disorders, with particular relevance of an activated tryptophan/kynurenine pathway as described in this review. Recent histological studies have documented that, in COVID-19 patients, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzymes are differentially expressed in the pulmonary blood vessels, i.e., IDO1 prevails in early/mild pneumonia and in lung tissues from patients suffering from long COVID-19, whereas IDO2 is predominant in severe/fatal cases. We hypothesize that IDO1 is necessary for a correct control of the vascular tone of pulmonary vessels, and its deficiency in COVID-19 might be related to the syndrome’s evolution toward vascular dysfunction. The complexity of this scenario is discussed in light of possible therapeutic manipulations of the tryptophan/kynurenine pathway in COVID-19 and post-acute COVID-19 syndromes.
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Jamshed L, Debnath A, Jamshed S, Wish JV, Raine JC, Tomy GT, Thomas PJ, Holloway AC. An Emerging Cross-Species Marker for Organismal Health: Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6300. [PMID: 35682980 PMCID: PMC9181223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan (TRP) is an essential dietary amino acid that, unless otherwise committed to protein synthesis, undergoes metabolism via the Tryptophan-Kynurenine (TRP-KYN) pathway in vertebrate organisms. TRP and its metabolites have key roles in diverse physiological processes including cell growth and maintenance, immunity, disease states and the coordination of adaptive responses to environmental and dietary cues. Changes in TRP metabolism can alter the availability of TRP for protein and serotonin biosynthesis as well as alter levels of the immune-active KYN pathway metabolites. There is now considerable evidence which has shown that the TRP-KYN pathway can be influenced by various stressors including glucocorticoids (marker of chronic stress), infection, inflammation and oxidative stress, and environmental toxicants. While there is little known regarding the role of TRP metabolism following exposure to environmental contaminants, there is evidence of linkages between chemically induced metabolic perturbations and altered TRP enzymes and KYN metabolites. Moreover, the TRP-KYN pathway is conserved across vertebrate species and can be influenced by exposure to xenobiotics, therefore, understanding how this pathway is regulated may have broader implications for environmental and wildlife toxicology. The goal of this narrative review is to (1) identify key pathways affecting Trp-Kyn metabolism in vertebrates and (2) highlight consequences of altered tryptophan metabolism in mammals, birds, amphibians, and fish. We discuss current literature available across species, highlight gaps in the current state of knowledge, and further postulate that the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio can be used as a novel biomarker for assessing organismal and, more broadly, ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiba Jamshed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (L.J.); (A.D.); (S.J.)
| | - Amrita Debnath
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (L.J.); (A.D.); (S.J.)
| | - Shanza Jamshed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (L.J.); (A.D.); (S.J.)
| | - Jade V. Wish
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Oil and Gas Research and Development (COGRAD), University of Manitoba, 586 Parker Building, 144 Dysart Rd., Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; (J.V.W.); (G.T.T.)
| | - Jason C. Raine
- Quesnel River Research Centre, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada;
| | - Gregg T. Tomy
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Oil and Gas Research and Development (COGRAD), University of Manitoba, 586 Parker Building, 144 Dysart Rd., Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; (J.V.W.); (G.T.T.)
| | - Philippe J. Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada;
| | - Alison C. Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (L.J.); (A.D.); (S.J.)
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Obara-Michlewska M. The tryptophan metabolism, kynurenine pathway and oxidative stress - Implications for glioma pathobiology. Neurochem Int 2022; 158:105363. [PMID: 35667490 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway receives increasing attention due to its involvement in central nervous system pathologies, i.a. neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, but also due to the contribution to the pathomechanism of neoplasms, including brain tumors.The present review focuses on kynurenine pathway activity in gliomas, brain tumors of glial origin. The upregulation of kynurenine pathway enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), resulting in a decreased level of tryptophan and augmented kynurenine synthesis (increased (KYN/Trp ratio) are the most recognised hallmark of malignant transformation, characterised with immunomodulatory adaptations, providing an escape from defence mechanisms of the host, growth-beneficial milieu and resistance to some therapeutics. The review addresses, however, the oxidative/nitrosative stress-associated mechanisms of tryptophan catabolism, mainly the kynurenine pathway activity, linking them with glioma pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Obara-Michlewska
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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47
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Wu T, Zheng X, Yang M, Zhao A, Xiang H, Chen T, Jia W, Ji G. Serum Amino Acid Profiles Predict the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:15795-15808. [PMID: 35571782 PMCID: PMC9097210 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: The study aimed to find out the alterations in serum amino acid (AA) profiles and to detect their relationship with carcinoma formation. Methods: Targeted metabolomics based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry to quantitatively analyze serum AA levels in 136 hepatitis B (CHB) patients and 93 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Results: It was shown that decreased serum levels of leucine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, serotonin, and taurine were observed in more HCC patients than CHB patients, but the serum phenylalanine level was increased. Serum valine and serotonin were lower in Class C than Class A and Class B in HCC patients. Accompanied with the higher score of Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, serum phenylalanine was increased not only in CHB patients but also in HCC patients. The serum level of phenylalanine increased in the decompensated stage more than in the compensated stage, while serum leucine and serotonin significantly decreased. Serum serotonin still had significant differences between CHB and HCC both in the HBV desoxyribonucleic acid (HBV-DNA) negative group and in the HBV-DNA positive group. Furthermore, it was shown that the tryptophan ratio, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA)/aromatic amino acids ratio, BCAAs/tyrosine ratio, Fischer's ratio, and serotonin-to-tryptophan ratio significantly decreased, while the tyrosine ratio and the kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio increased in HCC patients more than those in CHB. Conclusions: A distinct metabolite signature of some specific serum amino acids was found between CHB and HCC patients, which may help predict the development of HCC at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Institute
of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institute
of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s
Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Institute
of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aihua Zhao
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s
Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hongjiao Xiang
- Institute
of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tianlu Chen
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s
Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s
Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- School
of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong HKSAR, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute
of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- or
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Mudhish EA, Siddique AB, Ebrahim HY, Abdelwahed KS, King JA, El Sayed KA. The Tobacco β-Cembrenediol: A Prostate Cancer Recurrence Suppressor Lead and Prospective Scaffold via Modulation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and Tryptophan Dioxygenase. Nutrients 2022; 14:1505. [PMID: 35406118 PMCID: PMC9003379 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second leading cause of death in men in the US. PC has a high recurrence rate, and limited therapeutic options are available to prevent disease recurrence. The tryptophan-degrading enzymes 2,3-indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO1) and tryptophan dioxygenase (TDO2) are upregulated in invasive PC. (1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (β-CBT) and its C-4 epimer α-CBT are the precursors to key flavor ingredients in tobacco leaves. Nearly 40-60% of β- and α-CBT are purposely degraded during commercial tobacco fermentation. Earlier, β-CBT inhibited invasion, reversed calcitonin-stimulated transepithelial resistance decrease, and induced tighter intercellular barriers in PC-3M cells. This study demonstrates the in vitro β-CBT anti-migratory (wound-healing assay) and anti-clonogenicity (colony-formation assay) activities against five diverse human PC cell lines, including the androgen-independent PC-3, PC-3M, and DU-145, the castration-recurrent CWR-R1ca, and the androgen-dependent CWR-22rv1. Meanwhile, β-CBT potently suppressed in vivo locoregional and distant recurrences after the primary tumor surgical excision of PC-3M-Luc cell tumor engrafted in male nude mice. β-CBT treatments suppressed organ and bone metastasis and lacked any major toxicity over the 60-day study course. β-CBT treatments significantly suppressed IDO1, TDO2, and their final metabolite kynurenine levels in PC-3M cells. β-CBT treatments significantly suppressed the tumor recurrence marker PSA and kynurenine levels in treated animals' plasma. β-CBT emerges as a promising PC recurrence suppressive lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethar A. Mudhish
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Abu Bakar Siddique
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Hassan Y. Ebrahim
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Khaldoun S. Abdelwahed
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Judy Ann King
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
| | - Khalid A. El Sayed
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
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Kuske M, Haist M, Jung T, Grabbe S, Bros M. Immunomodulatory Properties of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-More than Boosting T-Cell Responses? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1710. [PMID: 35406483 PMCID: PMC8996886 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) that serve to enhance effector T-cell anti-tumor responses has strongly improved success rates in the treatment of metastatic melanoma and other tumor types. The currently approved ICI constitute monoclonal antibodies blocking cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein (CTLA)-4 and anti-programmed cell death (PD)-1. By this, the T-cell-inhibitory CTLA-4/CD80/86 and PD-1/PD-1L/2L signaling axes are inhibited. This leads to sustained effector T-cell activity and circumvents the immune evasion of tumor cells, which frequently upregulate PD-L1 expression and modulate immune checkpoint molecule expression on leukocytes. As a result, profound clinical responses are observed in 40-60% of metastatic melanoma patients. Despite the pivotal role of T effector cells for triggering anti-tumor immunity, mounting evidence indicates that ICI efficacy may also be attributable to other cell types than T effector cells. In particular, emerging research has shown that ICI also impacts innate immune cells, such as myeloid cells, natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells, which may amplify tumoricidal functions beyond triggering T effector cells, and thus improves clinical efficacy. Effects of ICI on non-T cells may additionally explain, in part, the character and extent of adverse effects associated with treatment. Deeper knowledge of these effects is required to further develop ICI treatment in terms of responsiveness of patients to treatment, to overcome resistance to ICI and to alleviate adverse effects. In this review we give an overview into the currently known immunomodulatory effects of ICI treatment in immune cell types other than the T cell compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.K.); (M.H.); (T.J.); (S.G.)
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Xu L, Ling J, Su C, Su YW, Xu Y, Jiang Z. Emerging Roles on Immunological Effect of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in Liver Injuries. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:756435. [PMID: 34869457 PMCID: PMC8636938 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.756435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is one of the initial rate-limiting enzymes of the kynurenine pathway (KP), which causes immune suppression and induction of T cell anergy. It is associated with the imbalance of immune homeostasis in numerous diseases including cancer, chronic viral infection, allergy, and autoimmune diseases. Recently, IDO has extended its role to liver field. In this review, we summarize the dysregulation and potentials of IDO in the emerging field of liver injuries, as well as current challenges for IDO targets. In particular, we discuss unexpected conclusions against previous work published. IDO is induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver dysfunction and exerts an immunosuppressive effect, whereas the improvement of liver injury may require consideration of multiple factors besides IDO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Xu
- Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawei Ling
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chang Su
- Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Wen Su
- Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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