1
|
Suri RS, Moist L, Lok C, Clase CM, Harris J, Reid RD, Ramsay T, Zimmerman D. A Simple Exercise Program for Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease to Improve Strength and Quality of Life: Clinical Research Protocol. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2023; 10:20543581231205160. [PMID: 37901358 PMCID: PMC10605660 DOI: 10.1177/20543581231205160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) appreciate the importance of exercise and would like to increase their physical activity; however, they report a few key barriers, including (1) lack of physician advice to do so, (2) lack of safe and convenient programs (ie, appropriate for home or neighborhood), and (3) cost. Importantly, patients indicated in a previous survey that they would prefer an exercise program that improves muscle strength and symptoms, and are less interested in cardiovascular disease prevention. Objective To test the feasibility of a simple, prescribed exercise program using Nordic walking poles in patients with ESKD treated with dialysis. Design Randomized multicenter pilot trial of an exercise intervention that includes Nordic walking poles, personalized physician exercise prescriptions, pedometers, and access to exercise videos, compared with standard of care, in patients being treated with maintenance dialysis. Setting Multicenter tertiary care centers in Canada. Patients Ambulatory adult patients with ESKD treated with peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis (HD) for at least 6 months at participating sites are potentially eligible. Inclusion criteria include ability to use Nordic walking poles (either de novo or in place of mobility aid) and to provide informed consent in English or in French. Exclusion criteria include (1) any absolute contraindication to exercise, (2) baseline step count >8000 steps/day, (3) planned living donor kidney transplant, and (4) participation in another interventional trial that may affect the results of this study. Methods This is a randomized multicenter pilot trial of an exercise intervention that consists of a prescription to exercise using Nordic walking poles, a pedometer to track activity, and access to exercise videos, with the comparator of standard of care (dialysis unit staff encouragement to exercise) in patients being treated with maintenance dialysis. Randomization is concealed and uses a 1:1 ratio for group assignment. Our specific aims are to determine the feasibility of patient recruitment, adherence to the exercise program (verified by step counts), and efficacy of the intervention on patient-important outcomes that were assessed as a priority by patients in a prior survey-specifically strength, fatigue, and sleep. We record days spent in hospital and loss of independent living to inform sample size calculations for a definitive trial of exercise in patient with ESKD treated with dialysis. Adverse events are closely monitored. Outcomes Primary: Our recruitment goal is 90 to 150 patients over 27 months; adherence success will be defined if >75% of randomized patients, excluding those who are transplanted or deceased, achieve >80% of their prescribed steps at 6 and 12 months. Secondary Efficacy Outcomes: (1) strength-hand grip strength and 5 times sit to stand, (2) energy-Short Form (SF)-36 vitality subscale, and (3) sleep-Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index will be assessed at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Results Trial recruitment started before the COVID-19 pandemic and the pandemic led to many interruptions and delays. Online exercise Web sites and a tailored video were added to the protocol to encourage activity when participants were unable or reluctant to walk in public places. Limitations This trial was designed to include ambulatory patients with ESKD and does not address the burden of disease in patients with very restricted mobility. Trial Registration NCT03787589.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita S. Suri
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louise Moist
- Department of Medicine, London Health Science Centre, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Charmaine Lok
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Catherine M. Clase
- Department of Medicine, Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Harris
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, ON, Canada
| | - Robert D. Reid
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, ON, Canada
| | - Tim Ramsay
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Deborah Zimmerman
- Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sandberg A, Bäck M, Cider Å, Jivegård L, Sigvant B, Wittboldt S, Nordanstig J. Effectiveness of supervised exercise, home-based exercise or walk advice strategies on walking performance and muscle endurance in patients with intermittent claudication (SUNFIT trial)-a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022; 22:400-411. [PMID: 35917174 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supervised exercise is a guideline-recommended treatment in intermittent claudication (IC). Hospital-based supervised exercise-programmes (SEP) are underutilized while home-based structured exerciseprogrammes (HSEP) have attracted interest. The results from HSEP in IC are inconsistent and may confer no benefit over walk advice (WA) and be less effective than SEP. AIMS To compare the effectiveness of best medical treatment, including Nordic pole WA alone, or WA + SEP or WA + HSEP for patients with IC. METHODS This three-armed, multicentre randomized clinical trial enrolled patients with IC, all patients received best medical treatment including walking poles and the advice of regular Nordic pole walking (WA). For HSEP and SEP, additional exercise programmes were provided. The primarily investigated hypothesis was a non-inferiority analysis of SEP vs HSEP regarding the six-minute walk test (6MWT) maximum distance, with a pre-defined non-inferiority margin of 50 m. Supporting outcomes included muscle endurance tests and the Walking Impairment Questionnaire. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months by a blinded evaluator. RESULTS Altogether 166 patients (mean age 72 years; 59% males) were randomized. In HSEP were 24% and SEP 26% fully exercise adherent. All three groups improved pain-free walking distance over time, but there were no significant intergroup differences. The intergroup 6MWT difference between SEP and HSEP from 0-12 months was -11.6 m, 95% CI: -36.4 to 13.0 m (i.e., within the pre-specified non-inferiority margin). CONCLUSION HSEP was non-inferior to SEP in patients with IC. There were no significant differences observed between the three groups at one year. CLINICAL TRIAL DATABASE ID Registration: ClinicialTrials.gov (NCT02341716). Trial registry name: Hospital- and Home-based Supervised Exercise Versus Unsupervised Walk Advice For Patients With InTermittent Claudication (SUNFIT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sandberg
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Bäck
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Cider
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Health and Rehabilitation/Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lennart Jivegård
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.,Health Technology Assessment Centre Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Sigvant
- Department of Surgical Science, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Central Hospital Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Susanna Wittboldt
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Nordanstig
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nemoto Y, Sakurai R, Ogawa S, Maruo K, Fujiwara Y. Effects of an unsupervised Nordic walking intervention on cognitive and physical function among older women engaging in volunteer activity. J Exerc Sci Fit 2021; 19:209-215. [PMID: 34306117 PMCID: PMC8281374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nordic walking (NW) has been reported as a safe and effective exercise mode. However, the effects of NW on cognitive function are unknown. This study examined the effects of an unsupervised NW intervention on cognitive and physical function among older women engaging in volunteering. Methods Forty-seven women aged ≥70 years were enrolled and assigned into three groups (NW (n = 16); walking (n = 19); control group (n = 12)) based on residential areas. Participants in NW and walking groups received a pedometer and recorded daily step counts. The NW group received poles and 2 h of NW instruction. Participants were encouraged to perform the exercise individually more than once a week during the 3-month intervention. As baseline and follow-up assessments, cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA-J] and Trail Making Test), physical function (handgrip strength, walking speed, balance ability, the Timed Up and Go test, and functional capacity), and objective physical activity were evaluated. Results In the NW group, physical activity, maximal walking speed, and MoCA-J scores were improved during the intervention period. In the walking group, physical activity was increased after the intervention. Analysis of covariance showed that maximal walking speed among the NW group significantly improved compared with the walking group. Sub-group analysis of participants who exercised more than once a week showed that handgrip strength, gait speed, and MoCA-J scores were significantly improved in the NW compared with the walking group. Conclusion NW intervention improved cognitive and physical function compared with simple walking among older women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Nemoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Ryota Sakurai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Susumu Ogawa
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kazushi Maruo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A Novel, Individualized Exercise Program for Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease Recovering from Bypass Surgery. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16122127. [PMID: 31208125 PMCID: PMC6616574 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of an individual six-month-long physical exercise program in improving health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is unclear. There is some evidence that an individual exercise program can be effective for this aim. The goal of this study was to compare an individual six-month-long physical exercise program for patients with PAD (Peripheral Arterial Disease) with a traditional exercise program and find the effect of these programs on HRQOL and PAD risk factors. The study included patients who underwent femoral–popliteal artery bypass grafting surgery. Patients were divided into three groups: patients participating in an individual six-month-long physical exercise program (group I), in the standard physical activity program (group II), and in a control group (group III), with no subjects participating in rehabilitation II. Results: group I patients had a significantly (p < 0.001) higher HRQOL at 6 months after their surgery compared with groups II and III. The HRQOL scores were significantly (p < 0.05) lower after surgery among older (≥ 65), overweight participants, as well as among patients with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases when comparing study results with patients without these risk factors.
Collapse
|
5
|
Golledge J, Maarij K, Moxon JV, Beard JD, Girold S, Wrang H, Morris DR. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials Examining the Benefit of Exercise Programmes Using Nordic Walking in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2018; 56:534-543. [PMID: 30017508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An exercise programme is part of the initial management of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Nordic walking uses poles and a core-focused walking technique to reduce the load on the legs, which may have advantages as an exercise programme for PAD. This systematic review examined the benefit of a Nordic walking programme for treating PAD compared with other programmes. METHODS A systematic approach was used to identify clinical trials comparing Nordic walking and control programmes in PAD patients. For inclusion, studies had to report maximum walking distance (MWD) measured with a treadmill test or corridor walking test both at entry and follow up. Study quality was appraised using the Cochrane collaboration tool for assessing risk of bias. An inverse variance weighted meta-analysis was performed to compare improvements in MWD. RESULTS Five independent trials involving 294 patients were identified. In three trials, supervised Nordic walking programmes were compared with supervised standard walking. One trial compared a home based Nordic walking programme with a similar standard walking programme. One trial compared a partly supervised Nordic walking programme with best medical management. Meta-analysis of all data suggested that MWD improvements were similar for patients treated by Nordic and standard walking programmes (standardised mean difference, SMD = 1.31, 95% CI -1.28 to 3.91; p = .322). Findings for completely supervised programmes were similar to the primary analysis (SMD = -0.79, 95% CI -2.81 to 1.24; p = .446) while those from partially supervised or home based programmes favoured Nordic walking (SMD = 4.46, 95% CI 3.39, 5.53; p < .001), mainly due to results from one home based trial. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review suggests no benefit of Nordic over standard walking as supervised exercise for PAD. Favourable results were reported for one home based Nordic walking programme. A larger trial is needed to assess whether this finding can be replicated or not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; The Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Khyber Maarij
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joseph V Moxon
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Sebastien Girold
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Cebazat, France; Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Physiotherapy Training Institute, Vichy, France
| | - Hans Wrang
- Nordic Walking Australia, Newport, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dylan R Morris
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Golledge J, Moxon JV, Rowbotham S, Pinchbeck J, Yip L, Velu R, Quigley F, Jenkins J, Morris DR. Risk of major amputation in patients with intermittent claudication undergoing early revascularization. Br J Surg 2018; 105:699-708. [PMID: 29566427 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Revascularization is being used increasingly for the treatment of intermittent claudication and yet few studies have reported the long-term outcomes of this strategy. The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcome of patients with intermittent claudication who underwent revascularization compared with a group initially treated without revascularization. METHODS Patients with symptoms of intermittent claudication and a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease were recruited from outpatient clinics at three hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Based on variation in the practices of different vascular specialists, patients were either treated by early revascularization or received initial conservative treatment. Patients were followed in outpatient clinics using linked hospital admission record data. The primary outcome was the requirement for major amputation. Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression and competing risks analyses were used to compare major amputation rates. RESULTS Some 456 patients were recruited; 178 (39·0 per cent) underwent early revascularization and 278 (61·0 per cent) had initial conservative treatment. Patients were followed for a mean(s.d.) of 5·00(3·37) years. The estimated 5-year major amputation rate was 6·2 and 0·7 per cent in patients undergoing early revascularization and initial conservative treatment respectively (P = 0·003). Early revascularization was associated with an increased requirement for major amputation in models adjusted for other risk factors (relative risk 5·40 to 4·22 in different models). CONCLUSION Patients presenting with intermittent claudication who underwent early revascularization appeared to be at higher risk of amputation than those who had initial conservative treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mater Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - J V Moxon
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Rowbotham
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Pinchbeck
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - L Yip
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - R Velu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mater Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - F Quigley
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mater Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Jenkins
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - D R Morris
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|