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Shirase Y, Matsumoto A, Lim KL, Tryk DA, Miyatake K, Inukai J. Properties and Morphologies of Anion-Exchange Membranes with Different Lengths of Fluorinated Hydrophobic Chains. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13577-13587. [PMID: 35559206 PMCID: PMC9088773 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An anion-exchange electrolyte membrane, QPAF(C6)-4, polymerized with hydrophobic 1,4'-bis(3-chlorophenyl)perfluorohexane and hydrophilic (6,6'-(2,7-dichloro-9H-fluorene-9.9-diyl)bis(N,N-dimethylhexan-1-amine) is physically flexible and chemically stable. The drawbacks are relatively large water swelling and lower OH- conductivity at higher water uptakes, which are considered to be due to the entanglement of the flexible hydrophobic structure of the membrane. In this study, a QPAF(C4)-4 membrane was newly synthesized with shortened hydrophobic fluoroalkyl chains. Unexpectedly, QPAF(C4)-4 showed a higher water uptake and a lower bulk/surface conductivity than QPAF(C6)-4 possibly due to the decrease in hydrophobicity with a smaller number of fluorine atoms. The thermal stability of QPAF(C4)-4 was higher than that of QAPF(C6)-4, possibly due to the rigidity of the QAPF(C4)-4 structure. A higher mechanical strength of QAPF(C6)-4 than that of QPAF(C4)-4 could be explained by the larger interactions between molecules, as shown in the ultraviolet-visible spectrum. The interactions of molecules were understood in more detail with density functional theory calculations. Both the chemical structures of the polymers and the arrangements of the polymers in the membranes were found to influence the membrane properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Shirase
- Integrated
Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | - Akinobu Matsumoto
- Fuel
Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of
Yamanashi, 6-43 Miyamae-cho, Kofu 400-0021, Japan
| | - Kean Long Lim
- Fuel
Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
| | - Donald A. Tryk
- Fuel
Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of
Yamanashi, 6-43 Miyamae-cho, Kofu 400-0021, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyatake
- Fuel
Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of
Yamanashi, 6-43 Miyamae-cho, Kofu 400-0021, Japan
- Clean
Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu 400-8510, Japan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Junji Inukai
- Fuel
Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of
Yamanashi, 6-43 Miyamae-cho, Kofu 400-0021, Japan
- Fuel
Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
- Clean
Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu 400-8510, Japan
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KAWAMOTO T, AOKI M, KIMURA T, CHINAPANG P, MIZUSAWA T, YAMADA NL, NEMOTO F, WATANABE T, TANIDA H, MATSUMOTO M, IMAI H, MIYAKE J, MIYATAKE K, INUKAI J. Sublayered Structures of Hydrated Nafion ® Thin Film Formed by Casting on Pt Substrate Analyzed by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy under Ambient Conditions and Neutron Reflectometry at Temperature of 80°C and Relative Humidity of 30–80%. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.19-00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Makoto AOKI
- Division of Life, Medical, Natural Sciences and Technology, Organization for Advanced and Integrated Research, Kobe University
| | - Taro KIMURA
- Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi
| | | | | | - Norifumi L. YAMADA
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
| | - Fumiya NEMOTO
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
| | | | | | | | | | - Junpei MIYAKE
- Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi
| | - Kenji MIYATAKE
- Fuel Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of Yamanashi
- Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi
| | - Junji INUKAI
- Fuel Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of Yamanashi
- Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi
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Kang K, Kim D. Pendant dual-sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) multi-block copolymer membranes for enhanced proton conductivity at reduced water swelling. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hara M, Kimura T, Nakamura T, Shimada M, Ono H, Shimada S, Miyatake K, Uchida M, Inukai J, Watanabe M. Effect of Surface Ion Conductivity of Anion Exchange Membranes on Fuel Cell Performance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:9557-9565. [PMID: 27556745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Anion conductivity at the surfaces of two anion-exchange membranes (AEMs), quaternized ammonium poly(arylene ether) multiblock copolymer (QPE-bl-3) and quaternized ammonium poly(arylene perfluoro-alkylene) copolymer (QPAF-1), synthesized by our group was investigated using current-sensing atomic force microscopy under purified air at various relative humidities. The anion-conducting spots were distributed inhomogeneously on the surface of QPE-bl-3, and the total areas of the anion-conducting spots and the current at each spot increased with humidity. The anion-conductive areas on QPAF-1 were found on the entire surface even at a low humidity. Distribution of the anion-conducting spots on the membrane was found to directly affect the performance of an AEM fuel cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Hara
- Fuel Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of Yamanashi , 6-43 Miyamae, Kofu 400-0021, Japan
| | | | | | - Manai Shimada
- Takahata Precision Japan Co., Ltd. , 390 Maemada, Sakaigawa, Fuefuki, Yamanashi 406-0843, Japan
| | | | | | - Kenji Miyatake
- Fuel Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of Yamanashi , 6-43 Miyamae, Kofu 400-0021, Japan
| | - Makoto Uchida
- Fuel Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of Yamanashi , 6-43 Miyamae, Kofu 400-0021, Japan
| | - Junji Inukai
- Fuel Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of Yamanashi , 6-43 Miyamae, Kofu 400-0021, Japan
| | - Masahiro Watanabe
- Fuel Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of Yamanashi , 6-43 Miyamae, Kofu 400-0021, Japan
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Jin L, Jang H, Yoo J, Ha J, Choi K, Ryu T, Lee S, Kim W. Studies of Grafted and Sulfonated Spiro Poly(isatin-ethersulfone) Membranes by Super Acid-Catalyzed Reaction. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8040114. [PMID: 30979207 PMCID: PMC6431946 DOI: 10.3390/polym8040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spiro poly(isatin-ethersulfone) polymers were prepared from isatin and bis-2,6-dimethylphenoxyphenylsulfone by super acid catalyzed polyhydroxyalkylation reactions. We designed and synthesized bis-2,6-dimethylphenoxyphenylsulfone, which is structured at the meta position steric hindrance by two methyl groups, because this structure minimized crosslinking reaction during super acid catalyzed polymerization. In addition, sulfonic acid groups were structured in both side chains and main chains to form better polymer chain morphology and improve proton conductivity. The sulfonation reactions were performed in two steps which are: in 3-bromo-1-propanesulfonic acid potassium salt and in con. sulfuric acid. The membrane morphology was studied by tapping mode atomic force microscope (AFM). The phase difference between the hydrophobic polymer main chain and hydrophilic sulfonated units of the polymer was shown to be the reasonable result of the well phase separated structure. The correlations of proton conductivity, ion exchange capacity (IEC) and single cell performance were clearly described with the membrane morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
| | - Hohyoun Jang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
| | - Jiho Yoo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
| | - Jaeseong Ha
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
| | - Kunyoung Choi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
| | - Taewook Ryu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
| | - Sungkwun Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
| | - Whangi Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
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Dos Santos L, Laberty-Robert C, Maréchal M, Perrot H, Sel O. Proton Diffusion Coefficient in Electrospun Hybrid Membranes by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:9737-9741. [PMID: 26322533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was, for the first time, used to estimate the global transverse proton diffusion coefficient, D(H+)(EHM), in electrospun hybrid conducting membranes (EHMs). In contrast to conventional impedance spectroscopy, EIS measurements were performed at room temperature with a liquid interface. In this configuration, the measure of the bulk proton transport is influenced by the kinetics of the transfer of proton at the solid/liquid interface. We demonstrated that the use of additives in the process of the membrane impacts the organization of the hydrophilic domains and also the proton transport. The D(H+)(EHM) is close to 1.10(-7) cm(2) s(-1) (± 0.1.10(-7) cm(2) s(-1)) for the EHMs without additive, whereas it is 4.10(-6) cm(2) s(-1) (± 0.4.10(-6) cm(2) s(-1)) for EHMs with additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Dos Santos
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR7574, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UPMC- UMR7574, Collège de France, 11, place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR 8235, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, F-75005, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8235, LISE, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Christel Laberty-Robert
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR7574, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UPMC- UMR7574, Collège de France, 11, place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Manuel Maréchal
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/CEA-INAC-SPrAM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Hubert Perrot
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR 8235, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, F-75005, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8235, LISE, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Ozlem Sel
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR 8235, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, F-75005, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8235, LISE, F-75005, Paris, France
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