1
|
Zhang YT, Zeeshan M, Fan YY, Tan WH, Zhao K, Liang LX, Huang JW, Zhou JX, Guo LH, Lin LZ, Liu RQ, Zeng XW, Dong GH, Chu C. Isomer of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and red blood cell indices in adults: The Isomers of C8 Health Project in China. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2024; 79:153-165. [PMID: 39219509 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2024.2396927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the isomer-specific, sex-specific, and joint associations of PFAS and red blood cell indices. We used data of 1,238 adults from the Isomers of C8 Health Project in China. Associations of PFAS isomers and red blood cell indices were explored using multiple linear regression models, Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression models and subgroup analysis across sex. We found that serum concentration of linear (n-) and branched (Br-) isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) were significantly associated with red blood cell indices in single-pollutant models, with stronger associations observed for n-PFHxS than Br-PFHxS, in women than in men. For instance, the estimated percentage change in hemoglobin concentration for n-PFHxS (3.65%; 95% CI: 2.95%, 4.34%) was larger than that for Br-PFHxS (0.96%; 95% CI: 0.52%, 1.40%). The estimated percentage change in red blood cell count for n-PFHxS in women (2.55%; 95% CI: 1.81%, 3.28%) was significantly higher than that in men (0.12%; 95% CI: -1.04%, 1.29%) (Pinter < 0.001). Similarly, sex-specific positive association of PFAS mixture and outcomes was observed. Therefore, the structure, susceptive population, and joint effect of PFAS isomers should be taken into consideration when evaluating the health risk of chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ting Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Zeeshan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hong Tan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xia Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Wen Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Hao Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chu Chu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ru H, Lee AL, Rappazzo KM, Dzierlenga M, Radke E, Bateson TF, Wright JM. Systematic review and meta-analysis of birth weight and perfluorohexane sulfonate exposures: examination of sample timing and study confidence. Occup Environ Med 2024; 81:266-276. [PMID: 38724253 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2023-109328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
We examined the association between mean birth weight (BW) differences and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) exposure biomarkers.We fit a random effects model to estimate the overall pooled effect and for different strata based on biomarker sample timing and overall study confidence. We also conducted an analysis to examine the impact of a continuous measure of gestational age sample timing on the overall pooled effect.We detected a -7.9 g (95% CI -15.0 to -0.7; pQ=0.85; I2=0%) BW decrease per ln ng/mL PFHxS increase based on 27 studies. The 11 medium confidence studies (β=-10.0 g; 95% CI -21.1 to 1.1) showed larger deficits than 12 high (β=-6.8 g; 95% CI -16.3 to 2.8) and 4 low confidence studies (β=-1.5 g; 95% CI -51.6 to 48.7). 10 studies with mid-pregnancy to late-pregnancy sampling periods showed smaller deficits (β=-3.9 g; 95% CI -17.7 to 9.9) than 5 post-partum studies (β=-28.3 g; 95% CI -69.3 to 12.7) and 12 early sampling studies (β=-7.6 g; 95% CI -16.2 to 1.1). 6 of 12 studies with the earliest sampling timing showed results closer to the null.Overall, we detected a small but statistically significant BW deficit across 27 studies. We saw comparable BW deficit magnitudes in both the medium and high confidence studies as well as the early pregnancy group. Despite no definitive pattern by sample timing, larger deficits were seen in postpartum studies. We also saw results closer to the null for a subset of studies restricted to the earliest biomarker collection times. Serial pregnancy sampling, improved precision in gestational age estimates and more standardised reporting of sample variation and exposure units in future epidemiologic research may offer a greater understanding of the relationship between PFHxS on BW and any potential impact of pregnancy haemodynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Ru
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment; Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexandra L Lee
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment; Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kristen M Rappazzo
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment; Public Health and Environmental Systems Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael Dzierlenga
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment; Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth Radke
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment; Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Thomas F Bateson
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment; Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - J Michael Wright
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment; Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shi W, Zhang Z, Li M, Dong H, Li J. Reproductive toxicity of PFOA, PFOS and their substitutes: A review based on epidemiological and toxicological evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118485. [PMID: 38373549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have already drawn a lot of attention for their accumulation and reproductive toxicity in organisms. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanoic sulfonate (PFOS), two representative PFAS, are toxic to humans and animals. Due to their widespread use in environmental media with multiple toxicities, PFOA and PFOS have been banned in numerous countries, and many substitutes have been produced to meet market requirements. Unfortunately, most alternatives to PFOA and PFOS have proven to be cumulative and highly toxic. Of the reported multiple organ toxicities, reproductive toxicity deserves special attention. It has been confirmed through epidemiological studies that PFOS and PFOA are not only associated with reduced testosterone levels in humans, but also with an association with damage to the integrity of the blood testicular barrier. In addition, for women, PFOA and PFOS are correlated with abnormal sex hormone levels, and increase the risk of infertility and abnormal menstrual cycle. Nevertheless, there is controversial evidence on the epidemiological relationship that exists between PFOA and PFOS as well as sperm quality and reproductive hormones, while the evidence from animal studies is relatively consistent. Based on the published papers, the potential toxicity mechanisms for PFOA, PFOS and their substitutes were reviewed. For males, PFOA and PFOS may produce reproductive toxicity in the following five ways: (1) Apoptosis and autophagy in spermatogenic cells; (2) Apoptosis and differentiation disorders of Leydig cells; (3) Oxidative stress in sperm and disturbance of Ca2+ channels in sperm membrane; (4) Degradation of delicate intercellular junctions between Sertoli cells; (5) Activation of brain nuclei and shift of hypothalamic metabolome. For females, PFOA and PFOS may produce reproductive toxicity in the following five ways: (1) Damage to oocytes through oxidative stress; (2) Inhibition of corpus luteum function; (3) Inhibition of steroid hormone synthesis; (4) Damage to follicles by affecting gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC); (5) Inhibition of placental function. Besides, PFAS substitutes show similar reproductive toxicity with PFOA and PFOS, and are even more toxic to the placenta. Finally, based on the existing knowledge, future developments and direction of efforts in this field are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Shi
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Mei Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215011, China
| | - Huiyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jiafu Li
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Witt CC, Gadek CR, Cartron JLE, Andersen MJ, Campbell ML, Castro-Farías M, Gyllenhaal EF, Johnson AB, Malaney JL, Montoya KN, Patterson A, Vinciguerra NT, Williamson JL, Cook JA, Dunnum JL. Extraordinary levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in vertebrate animals at a New Mexico desert oasis: Multiple pathways for wildlife and human exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118229. [PMID: 38325785 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment pose persistent and complex threats to human and wildlife health. Around the world, PFAS point sources such as military bases expose thousands of populations of wildlife and game species, with potentially far-reaching implications for population and ecosystem health. But few studies shed light on the extent to which PFAS permeate food webs, particularly ecologically and taxonomically diverse communities of primary and secondary consumers. Here we conducted >2000 assays to measure tissue-concentrations of 17 PFAS in 23 species of mammals and migratory birds at Holloman Air Force Base (AFB), New Mexico, USA, where wastewater catchment lakes form biodiverse oases. PFAS concentrations were among the highest reported in animal tissues, and high levels have persisted for at least three decades. Twenty of 23 species sampled at Holloman AFB were heavily contaminated, representing middle trophic levels and wetland to desert microhabitats, implicating pathways for PFAS uptake: ingestion of surface water, sediments, and soil; foraging on aquatic invertebrates and plants; and preying upon birds or mammals. The hazardous long carbon-chain form, perfluorooctanosulfonic acid (PFOS), was most abundant, with liver concentrations averaging >10,000 ng/g wet weight (ww) in birds and mammals, respectively, and reaching as high 97,000 ng/g ww in a 1994 specimen. Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) averaged thousands of ng/g ww in the livers of aquatic birds and littoral-zone house mice, but one order of magnitude lower in the livers of upland desert rodent species. Piscivores and upland desert songbirds were relatively uncontaminated. At control sites, PFAS levels were strikingly lower on average and different in composition. In sum, legacy PFAS at this desert oasis have permeated local aquatic and terrestrial food webs across decades, severely contaminating populations of resident and migrant animals, and exposing people via game meat consumption and outdoor recreation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Witt
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
| | - Chauncey R Gadek
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Environmental Stewardship, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Jean-Luc E Cartron
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Daniel B. Stephens & Associates, Inc., 6020 Academy Road NE, Suite 100, Albuquerque, NM, 87109, USA
| | - Michael J Andersen
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Mariel L Campbell
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Marialejandra Castro-Farías
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Ethan F Gyllenhaal
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Andrew B Johnson
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Jason L Malaney
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Albuquerque, NM, 87104, USA
| | - Kyana N Montoya
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Andrew Patterson
- Eurofins Environment Testing America, West Sacramento, CA, 95605, USA
| | - Nicholas T Vinciguerra
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Jessie L Williamson
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Joseph A Cook
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Jonathan L Dunnum
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qiu M, Chen J, Liu M, Shi Y, Nie Z, Dong G, Li X, Chen J, Ou Y, Zhuang J. Reprogramming of DNA methylation patterns mediates perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced fetal cardiac dysplasia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170905. [PMID: 38350568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is associated with adverse health effects, including congenital heart disease, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the embryotoxicity of PFOS using C57BL/6 J mice to characterize fetal heart defects after PFOS exposure, with the induction of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) into cardiomyocytes (CMs) as a model of early-stage heart development. We also performed DNA methylation analysis to clarify potential underlying mechanisms and identify targets of PFOS. Our results revealed that PFOS caused septal defects and excessive ventricular trabeculation cardiomyopathy at 5 mg/kg/day in embryonic mice and inhibited the proliferation and pluripotency of ESCs at concentrations >20 μM. Moreover, it decreased the beating rate and the population of CMs during cardiac differentiation. Decreases were observed in the abundances of NPPA+ trabecular and HEY2+ compact CMs. Additionally, DNA methyl transferases and ten-eleven translocation (TET) dioxygenases were regulated dynamically by PFOS, with TETs inhibitor treatment inducing significant decreases similar as PFOS. 850 K DNA methylation analysis combined with expression analysis revealed several potential targets of PFOS, including SORBS2, FHOD1, SLIT2, SLIT3, ADCY9, and HDAC9. In conclusion, PFOS may reprogram DNA methylation, especially demethylation, to induce cardiac toxicity, causing ventricular defects in vivo and abnormal cardiac differentiation in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mingqin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhiqiang Nie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jimei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanqiu Ou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Qiu M, Chen J, Liu M, Nie Z, Ke M, Dong G, Zhao H, Zhou C, Zeng H, He B, Chen J, Zhuang J, Li X, Ou Y. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the cardiogenic toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonate in human embryonic stem cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115945. [PMID: 38183750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), an endocrine-disrupting chemical pollutant, affects embryonic heart development; however, the mechanisms underlying its toxicity have not been fully elucidated. Here, Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to investigate the overall effects of PFOS on myocardial differentiation from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Additionally, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and ATP assays were performed. Downregulated cardiogenesis-related genes and inhibited cardiac differentiation were observed after PFOS exposure in vitro. The percentages of cardiomyocyte and cardiac progenitor cell clusters decreased significantly following exposure to PFOS, while the proportion of primitive endoderm cell was increased in PFOS group. Moreover, PFOS inhibited myocardial differentiation and blocked cellular development at the early- and middle-stage. A Gene Ontology analysis and pseudo-time trajectory illustrated that PFOS disturbed multiple processes related to cardiogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. Furthermore, PFOS decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and induced apoptosis. These results offer meaningful insights into the cardiogenic toxicity of PFOS exposure during heart formation as well as the adverse effects of PFOS on mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Mingqin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Nie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Miaola Ke
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510050, PR China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental, Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Haishan Zhao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Chengbin Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Biaochuan He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Jimei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | - Yanqiu Ou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ao J, Zhang R, Huo X, Zhu W, Zhang J. Environmental exposure to legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and endometriosis in women of childbearing age. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167838. [PMID: 37839491 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are man-made chemicals known for their adverse effects on humans. Growing concern has risen regarding the reproductive toxicity of PFAS, but whether PFAS affect endometriosis remains to be explored. This hospital-based case-control study included 240 laparoscopic-confirmed endometriosis cases and 334 normal controls in China from 2014 to 2018. Concentrations of thirty-three legacy and emerging PFAS were measured in the plasma samples. Associations between single PFAS and endometriosis were estimated by binary logistic regression. The elastic net regression (ENR) model was used to identify dominant PFAS related to endometriosis. The joint effect of the PFAS mixture on endometriosis was assessed by principal component analysis (PCA), Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and quantile-based g-computation (q-gcomp). In the single-PFAS model, significant positive associations of PFOA [adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI): 1.22 (1.00, 1.51)], total PFOS [1.19 (1.05, 1.34)] and two branched PFOS isomers [1.16 (1.09, 1.22) for 1m-PFOS; 1.18 (1.04, 1.34) for 6m-PFOS] with increased endometriosis odds were observed. Mixture models showed that the joint effect of PFAS mixture on endometriosis was significant [1.24 (1.05, 1.48)], mainly driven by 1m-PFOS. The PFOS isomers profile suggested a PFOS precursor biotransformation source of 1m-PFOS in our population. Our study suggests that branched isomers of PFOS may be associated with endometriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ao
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaona Huo
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wenting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen X, Lv Z, Yang Y, Yang R, Shan G, Zhu L. Screening Novel Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Human Blood Based on Nontarget Analysis and Underestimated Potential Health Risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:150-159. [PMID: 38153813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Nontarget analysis has gained prominence in screening novel perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the environment, yet remaining limited in human biological matrices. In this study, 155 whole blood samples were collected from the general population in Shijiazhuang City, China. By nontarget analysis, 31 legacy and novel PFASs were assigned with the confidence level of 3 or above. For the first time, 11 PFASs were identified in human blood, including C1 and C3 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs), C4 ether PFSA, C8 ether perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (ether PFCA), C4-5 unsaturated perfluoroalkyl alcohols, C9-10 carboxylic acid-perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides (CA-PFSMs), and C1 perfluoroalkyl sulfonamide. It is surprising that the targeted PFASs were the highest in the suburban population which was impacted by industrial emission, while the novel PFASs identified by nontarget analysis, such as C1 PFSA and C9-11 CA-PFSMs, were the highest in the rural population who often drank contaminated groundwater. Combining the toxicity prediction results of the bioaccumulation potential, lethality to rats, and binding affinity to target proteins, C3 PFSA, C4 and C7 ether PFSAs, and C9-11 CA-PFSMs exhibit great health risks. These findings emphasize the necessity of broadening nontarget analysis in assessing the PFAS exposure risks, particularly in rural populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zixuan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Rongyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Shan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen LW, Ng S, Tint MT, Michael N, Sadananthan SA, Ong YY, Yuan WL, Chen ZY, Chen CY, Godfrey KM, Tan KH, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Eriksson JG, Yap F, Lee YS, Fortier MV, Velan SS, Chan SY. Associations of cord plasma per- and polyfluoroakyl substances (PFAS) with neonatal and child body composition and adiposity: The GUSTO study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108340. [PMID: 38043321 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of prenatal exposure to per- and poly- fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on birth size and offspring adiposity is unclear, especially for the newer, shorter-chained replacement PFAS. METHODS In the GUSTO multi-ethnic Singaporean mother-offspring cohort, 12 PFAS were measured in 783 cord plasma samples using ultra-performance-liquid chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). Outcomes included offspring anthropometry, other indicators of body composition/metabolic health, and MRI-derived abdominal adiposity (subset) at birth and 6 years of age. PFAS were modeled individually, in categories of long-chain and short-chain PFAS, and as scores of three principal components (PC) derived using PC analysis (PC1, PC2, and PC3 reflect predominant exposure patterns to "very-long-PFAS", "long-PFAS", and "short-PFAS", respectively). Associations with outcomes were assessed using multivariable linear regressions, adjusted for important covariates such as maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS Overall, cord PFAS levels showed either no or positive associations (mostly for long-chain PFAS) with birth weight, length and head circumference. In general, PFAS were associated with higher neonatal abdominal adiposity, driven by shorter-chain PFAS. Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) was associated with higher volumes of superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue (sSAT) (3.75 [1.13, 6.37] mL per SD increase in PFAS) and internal adipose tissue (IAT) (1.39 [0.41, 2.38] mL). Higher levels of perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), short-chain PFAS, and PC3 were associated with higher IAT volume (β range 1.22-1.41 mL/SD, all P < 0.02), especially in girls. Higher PC3 score was additionally associated with higher sSAT (3.12 [0.45, 5.80] mL) volume. At age 6 years, most observed associations did not persist. No consistent associations were observed between PFAS and whole-body adiposity measures. CONCLUSIONS Fetal exposure to emerging short-chain PFAS was associated with higher abdominal adiposity at birth but not at age 6 years. Further research is needed to replicate the findings and to determine if these effects may reappear beyond early childhood. Population exposure to newer PFAS and consequent health impact must be monitored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Wei Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17 Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan; Master of Public Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17 Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore
| | - Sharon Ng
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore
| | - Mya-Thway Tint
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore; Human Potential Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Navin Michael
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore
| | - Suresh Anand Sadananthan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore
| | - Yi Ying Ong
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wen Lun Yuan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore; Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France
| | - Ze-Ying Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17 Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17 Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre & NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore; Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 85 Park Rd, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore; Human Potential Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliusgatan 20, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fabian Yap
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, 229899, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore; Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore
| | - Marielle V Fortier
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, 229899, Singapore
| | - Sendhil S Velan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore; Human Potential Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang H, Li X, Deng Y, San S, Qiu D, Guo X, Xu L, Li Y, Zhang H, Li Y. The Association between Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Respiratory Tract Infections in Preschool Children: A Wuhan Cohort Study. TOXICS 2023; 11:897. [PMID: 37999549 PMCID: PMC10674762 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the association between prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and the incidence and frequency of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in preschool children. We selected 527 mother-infant pairs from Wuhan Healthy Baby Cohort (WHBC), China. Ten PFASs were measured in umbilical cord serum, and we collected data on common RTIs in preschool children aged 4 years through a questionnaire. Associations of single PFASs with the incidence and frequency of RTIs were analyzed via Logistic regression and Poisson regression, while the collective effect was assessed by weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression. Furthermore, stratified and interaction analyses were performed to evaluate if there were sex-specific associations. We found a positive correlation between perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA) and the incidence of tonsillitis, with several PFASs also showing positive associations with its frequency. Moreover, perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) showed a positive link with the frequency of common cold. The results of WQS regression revealed that after adjusting for other covariates, PFASs mixture showed a positive association with the incidence of tonsillitis, the frequency of common cold, and episodes. In particular, perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), PFDoDA, PFTrDA, perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and 8:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acid (8:2 Cl-PFESA) had the most significant impact on this combined effect. The results suggest that both single and mixed exposures to PFASs may cause RTIs in preschool children. However, there was no statistically significant interaction between different PFASs and sex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Huang
- School of Medicine and Health, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.H.); (Y.D.); (S.S.); (D.Q.)
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Yican Deng
- School of Medicine and Health, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.H.); (Y.D.); (S.S.); (D.Q.)
| | - Siyi San
- School of Medicine and Health, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.H.); (Y.D.); (S.S.); (D.Q.)
| | - Dongmei Qiu
- School of Medicine and Health, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.H.); (Y.D.); (S.S.); (D.Q.)
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (X.G.); (L.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lingyun Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (X.G.); (L.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yang Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (X.G.); (L.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hongling Zhang
- School of Medicine and Health, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.H.); (Y.D.); (S.S.); (D.Q.)
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qin XD, Zhou Y, Bloom MS, Qian Z(M, Geiger SD, Vaughn MG, Chu C, Li QQ, Yang BY, Hu LW, Yu Y, Zeng XW, Dong GH. Prenatal Exposure to PFAS, Associations with Preterm Birth and Modification by Maternal Estrogen Levels: The Maoming Birth Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:117006. [PMID: 37962440 PMCID: PMC10644897 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogens play a critical role in parturition, and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which have estrogenic effects, have been associated with preterm birth. However, the impact of estrogens on the association between PFAS and preterm birth is unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate if estrogens modified the association between PFAS and preterm birth, using a nested case-control study design. METHODS A total of 371 preterm births and 508 controls were selected from a birth cohort study in China between 2016 and 2018. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and its branched isomer, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and its branched isomer, and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) were quantified in maternal serum (mean gestational age of 32 wk). Estradiol and estriol were quantified in cord serum. Preterm birth was defined as live delivery at < 37 gestational weeks. Causal mediation analysis was used to estimate the mediation and interaction effects of estrogen on the association between PFAS and preterm birth. Latent profile analysis was used to identify important estrogen profiles. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate associations between PFAS and preterm birth and interactions between PFAS and estrogens on preterm birth. RESULTS Overall, higher odds ratios (ORs) of preterm birth were associated with each 1 ln-unit PFAS increase: PFBA [1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 1.26], PFNA (1.30, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.39), PFOA (1.98, 95% CI: 1.54, 2.55), and PFOS (1.91, 95% CI: 1.76, 2.07) and its branched isomer (1.91, 95% CI: 1.90, 1.92). We detected statistically significant interactions between cord estradiol and PFAS on preterm birth, while no mediation effects of cord estrogen were observed. The ORs of PFOS (4.29, 95% CI: 1.31, 8.25), its branched isomer (6.71, 95% CI: 1.06, 11.91), and preterm birth were greater for participants with high cord estrogen levels than for participants with low cord estrogen levels. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that estrogen modified the association between maternal PFAS exposure and preterm birth. Further studies on maternal PFAS exposure and preterm birth, taking interaction effects of cord estrogens into account, are warranted. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11377.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Di Qin
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael S. Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Zhengmin (Min) Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sarah Dee Geiger
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael G. Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chu Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin N, Zhang Y, Su S, Feng Y, Wang B, Li Z. Exposure characteristics of legacy and novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in blood and association with hypertension among low-exposure population. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132185. [PMID: 37531760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The exposure characteristics of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in blood and their associations with hypertension have been well investigated in high-exposure populations, yet limited information is available concerning low-exposure populations. We conducted a cross-sectional study in a low-exposure population in China. A total of 394 females, including 162 with hypertension, were recruited and 30 PFAS were measured in whole blood samples. General linear model, generalized additive model, and logistic model were used to identify the associations with hypertension. Additionally, a Bayesian kernel machine regression model was conducted to test the mixture effects. Fourteen PFAS, including two novel species, 6:2 and 8:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonates (Cl-PFESAs), were detected, among which PFOS predominated with the highest median level of 1.47 ng/mL. The median levels of individual PFAS were, however, below the 25th, and even the 5th percentile of previous reports, except for PFHxA, which was above the 50th percentile (median of 0.10 ng/mL). After adjusting for covariates, PFHxA showed a positive association with hypertension (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.89), while 6:2 Cl-PFESA showed a negative association (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.95). PFAS didn't show significant mixture effects. We proposed that PFHxA may contribute to hypertension and 6:2 Cl-PFESA may have a hormesis effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lin
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, PR China
| | - Shu Su
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yanqiu Feng
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cai D, Li QQ, Mohammed Z, Chou WC, Huang J, Kong M, Xie Y, Yu Y, Hu G, Qi J, Zhou Y, Tan W, Lin L, Qiu R, Dong G, Zeng XW. Fetal Glucocorticoid Mediates the Association between Prenatal Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure and Neonatal Growth Index: Evidence from a Birth Cohort Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11420-11429. [PMID: 37494580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid plays a key role in the growth and organ maturation of fetus. However, the effect of glucocorticoid on the association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposure and fetal growth is still unknown. We detected cord cortisol (active glucocorticoid in human) and 34 PFAS concentrations in the maternal serum samples, which were collected from 202 mother-fetus pairs in the Maoming Birth Cohort from 2015 to 2018. The mediation effect of cord cortisol on the association between maternal PFAS and the neonatal growth index (NGI) was estimated. We found that higher PFAS concentrations were associated with lower NGI in terms of ponderal index, birth weight (BW), head circumference (HC), and its z-scores (BWZ and HCZ) (P < 0.05). Fetal cortisol could mediate 12.6-27.3% of the associations between PFAS and NGI. Specifically, cord cortisol mediated the association between branched perfluorooctane sulfonate (branched PFOS) and HCZ by 20.4% and between perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and HCZ by 27.3%. Our findings provide the first epidemiological data evincing that fetal cortisol could mediate the association between prenatal PFAS exposure and fetal growth. Further investigations are recommended to elucidate the interactions among cord cortisol, PFAS, and fetal growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zeeshan Mohammed
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jinbo Huang
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Minli Kong
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Yanqi Xie
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Guocheng Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jianying Qi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Lizi Lin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu Y, Bao J, Liu Y, Wang X, Qu W. A Review on Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Pregnant Women: Maternal Exposure, Placental Transfer, and Relevant Model Simulation. TOXICS 2023; 11:430. [PMID: 37235245 PMCID: PMC10224256 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are important and ubiquitous environmental contaminants worldwide. These novel contaminants can enter human bodies via various pathways, subsequently posing risks to the ecosystem and human health. The exposure of pregnant women to PFASs might pose risks to the health of mothers and the growth and development of fetuses. However, little information is available about the placental transfer of PFASs from mothers to fetuses and the related mechanisms through model simulation. In the present study, based upon a review of previously published literature, we initially summarized the exposure pathways of PFASs in pregnant women, factors affecting the efficiency of placental transfer, and mechanisms associated with placental transfer; outlined simulation analysis approaches using molecular docking and machine learning to reveal the mechanisms of placental transfer; and finally highlighted future research emphases that need to be focused on. Consequently, it was notable that the binding of PFASs to proteins during placental transfer could be simulated by molecular docking and that the placental transfer efficiency of PFASs could also be predicted by machine learning. Therefore, future research on the maternal-fetal transfer mechanisms of PFASs with the benefit of simulation analysis approaches is warranted to provide a scientific basis for the health effects of PFASs on newborns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jia Bao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhan W, Qiu W, Ao Y, Zhou W, Sun Y, Zhao H, Zhang J. Environmental Exposure to Emerging Alternatives of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Women Diagnosed with Infertility: A Mixture Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:57001. [PMID: 37134253 PMCID: PMC10156134 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been previously linked to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), but only a few legacy PFAS were examined. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore this association with a variety of PFAS, including legacy, branched-chain isomers, and emerging alternatives, as well as a PFAS mixture. METHODS From 2014 to 2016, we conducted a multicenter, hospital-based case-control study on environmental endocrine disruptors and infertility in China. Three hundred sixty-six women with PCOS-related infertility and 577 control participants without PCOS were included in the current analysis. Twenty-three PFAS, including 3 emerging PFAS alternatives, 6 linear and branched PFAS isomers, 6 short-chain PFAS, and 8 legacy PFAS, were quantified in the plasma. Logistic regression and two multipollutant models [quantile-based g-computation (QGC) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) methods] were used to assess the association of individual PFAS and PFAS mixture with PCOS, as well as the potential interactions among the congeners. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, Each 1-standard deviation higher difference in ln-transformed 6:2 chlorinated perfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid (6:2 Cl-PFESA) and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) level was significantly associated with a 29% (95% CI: 1.11, 1.52) and 39% (95% CI:1.16, 1.68) higher odds of PCOS, respectively. Meanwhile, branched isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) (i.e., br-PFHxS, n-PFOS, 1m-PFOS, Σ3,4,5m-PFOS), short-chain PFAS (i.e., PFPeS and PFHxA) and other legacy PFAS [i.e., total concentrations of PFOS (T-PFOS), and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)] were significantly associated with increased odds of PCOS. The PFAS mixture was positively related to PCOS in the BKMR model. A similar trend was observed in QGC model, a ln-unit increase in the PFAS mixture was associated with a 20% increased risk of PCOS [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.20 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.37)]. After controlling for other PFAS homologs, 6:2 Cl-PFESA, HFPO-DA, Σ3,4,5m-PFOS, and PFDoA were the major contributors based on the QGC and BKMR models. The associations were more pronounced in overweight/obese women. CONCLUSIONS In this group of women, environmental exposure to a PFAS mixture was associated with an elevated odds of PCOS, with 6:2 Cl-PFESA, HFPO-DA, Σ3,4,5m-PFOS, and PFDoA being the major contributors, especially in overweight/obese women. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11814.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Zhan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Ao
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wright JM, Lee AL, Rappazzo KM, Ru H, Radke EG, Bateson TF. Systematic review and meta-analysis of birth weight and PFNA exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 222:115357. [PMID: 36706898 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We used a systematic review that included risk of bias and study sensitivity analysis to identify 34 studies examining changes in birth weight (BWT) in relation to PFNA biomarker measures (e.g., maternal serum/plasma or umbilical cord samples). We fit a random effects model of the overall pooled estimate and stratified estimates based on sample timing and overall study confidence. We conducted a meta-regression to further examine the impact of gestational age at biomarker sample timing. We detected a -32.9 g (95%CI: -47.0, -18.7) mean BWT deficit per each ln PFNA increase from 27 included studies. We did not detect evidence of publication bias (pE = 0.30) or between-study heterogeneity in the summary estimate (pQ = 0.05; I2 = 36%). The twelve high confidence studies yielded a smaller pooled effect estimate (β = -28.0 g; 95%CI: -49.0, -6.9) than the ten medium (β = -39.0 g; 95%CI: -61.8, -16.3) or four low (β = -36.9 g; 95%CI: -82.9, 9.1) confidence studies. The stratum-specific results based on earlier pregnancy sampling periods in 11 studies showed smaller deficits (β = -22.0 g; 95%CI: -40.1, -4.0) compared to 10 mid- and late-pregnancy (β = -44.2 g; 95%CI: -64.8, -23.5) studies and six post-partum studies (β = -42.9 g; 95%CI: -88.0, 2.2). Using estimates of the specific gestational week of sampling, the meta-regression showed results consistent with the categorical sample analysis, in that as gestational age at sampling time increases across these studies, the summary effect estimate of a mean BWT deficit got larger. Overall, we detected mean BWT deficits for PFNA that were larger and more consistent across studies than previous PFAS meta-analyses. Compared to studies with later sampling, BWT deficits were smaller but remained sizeable for even the earliest sampling periods. Contrary to earlier meta-analyses for PFOA and PFOS, BWT deficits that were detected across all strata did not appear to be fully explained by potential bias due to pregnancy hemodynamics from sampling timing differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Wright
- US EPA, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health & Environmental Assessment, Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, USA.
| | - A L Lee
- US EPA, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health & Environmental Assessment, Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, USA
| | - K M Rappazzo
- US EPA, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health & Environmental Assessment, Public Health and Environmental Systems Division, USA
| | - H Ru
- US EPA, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health & Environmental Assessment, Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, USA
| | - E G Radke
- US EPA, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health & Environmental Assessment, Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, USA
| | - T F Bateson
- US EPA, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health & Environmental Assessment, Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou Y, Li Q, Wang P, Li J, Zhao W, Zhang L, Wang H, Cheng Y, Shi H, Li J, Zhang Y. Associations of prenatal PFAS exposure and early childhood neurodevelopment: Evidence from the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107850. [PMID: 36857906 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological data on the effects of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on infant neurodevelopment trajectories are far from being sufficiently addressed. In this study, 1285 mother-child pairs were recruited during 2016-2017. A high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was used to measure 16 PFAS levels in cord serum. Ages and Stages Questionnaires were used to examine children's neurodevelopment at 2, 6, 12, and 24 months of age. Group-based trajectory models were applied to derive the neurodevelopmental trajectories. Children with relatively low scores from 2 to 24 months were classified into a low-score group and were used as a risk group in each domain. Multiple linear regression, logistic regression, and quantile-based g-computation were performed to assess associations of single or mixture PFAS exposures with neurodevelopment and trajectories. Perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), and 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorooctane ether sulfonate (6:2Cl-PFESA) were detected in over 90 % samples. PFOA had the highest concentration (median: 4.61 μg/L). Each ln-unit (μg/L) increase of PFAS (e.g., PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, 6:2Cl-PFESA) was associated with poor scores of communication domain at 6 months, with the effect size ranging from -0.69 to -0.44. PFOS (OR: 1.14, (1.03, 1.26), PFDA (OR:1.08, (1.02, 1.15)), PFHxS (OR:1.31, (1.12, 1.56)), and 6:2Cl-PFESA (OR:1.08, (1.00, 1.16)) were associated with an increased risk of being in the low-score group in the early childhood communication domain's trajectory. Each mixture quartile increment was associated with a 1.60 (-2.76, -0.45) decrease in communication domain scores of 6-month-old infants, and the mixture effect was mainly attributed to PFOS. Each mixture quartile increase was associated with a 1.23-fold (1.03, 1.46) risk of being in the low-score group of the communication domain, and the mixture effect was mainly attributed to PFOS. In conclusion, PFAS and their mixtures might adversely affect childhood neurodevelopment. The gender-specific associations existed in the above associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhou
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Putuo District Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200333, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liyi Zhang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yukai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huijing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sadia M, Nollen I, Helmus R, ter Laak TL, Béen F, Praetorius A, van Wezel AP. Occurrence, Fate, and Related Health Risks of PFAS in Raw and Produced Drinking Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3062-3074. [PMID: 36779784 PMCID: PMC9979608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates human exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) via drinking water and evaluates human health risks. An analytical method for 56 target PFAS, including ultrashort-chain (C2-C3) and branched isomers, was developed. The limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.009 to 0.1 ng/L, except for trifluoroacetic-acid and perfluoropropanoic-acid with higher LODs of 35 and 0.24 ng/L, respectively. The method was applied to raw and produced drinking water from 18 Dutch locations, including groundwater or surface water as source, and applied various treatment processes. Ultrashort-chain (300 to 1100 ng/L) followed by the group of perfluoroalkyl-carboxylic-acids (PFCA, ≥C4) (0.4 to 95.1 ng/L) were dominant. PFCA and perfluoroalkyl-sulfonic-acid (≥C4), including precursors, showed significantly higher levels in drinking water produced from surface water. However, no significant difference was found for ultrashort PFAS, indicating the need for groundwater protection. Negative removal of PFAS occasionally observed for advanced treatment indicates desorption and/or degradation of precursors. The proportion of branched isomers was higher in raw and produced drinking water as compared to industrial production. Drinking water produced from surface water, except for a few locations, exceed non-binding provisional guideline values proposed; however, all produced drinking waters met the recent soon-to-be binding drinking-water-directive requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadia
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg Nollen
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Helmus
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas L. ter Laak
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- KWR
Water Research Institute, P.O. Box 1072, 3430 BB Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Frederic Béen
- KWR
Water Research Institute, P.O. Box 1072, 3430 BB Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Antonia Praetorius
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie P. van Wezel
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jia J, Duan L, Dong B, Dong Q, Liu Y, Yu W, Yang L, Shi H. Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in cord serum of newborns and their potential factors. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137525. [PMID: 36521747 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The demonstrated developmental and reproductive toxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), coupled with the increasing production and use of emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has resulted in progressively higher human exposure levels. This has raised concerns about PFAS exposure levels in the fetus, which is highly susceptible to the potential effects of hazardous environmental chemicals. However, in utero exposure to PFASs and health implications have not been fully characterized in China. To fill this gap, we analyzed 19 PFASs in umbilical cord serum samples (n = 66). Information about the mothers and newborns was obtained through questionnaires. Associations between maternal characteristics and neonatal birth weight and PFAS concentrations were analyzed using nonparametric tests. As results, PFOA was detected in all serum samples. The highest median concentration of PFOS in umbilical serum was 1.092 ng·mL-1, followed by perfluoropentanoic acid (median: 0.633 ng·mL-1). Trifluroacetic acid and perfluoropropanoic acid were detected in cord serum for the first time, and their median concentrations were 0.229 and 0.266 ng·mL-1, respectively. Neonatal birth weight was negatively correlated with long-chain PFOS (r = -0.319, P < 0.05), and the concentrations of perfluoroundecanoic acid and perfluorododecanoic acid were significantly different between the birth weight groups. Maternal age, maternal education, diet, and nutritional supplementation during pregnancy can all affect umbilical serum exposure to PFASs. These results demonstrate that legacy PFASs remain major contributors to the composition of human PFASs, while the concentration levels of emerging short-chain alternatives have increased significantly. Modifying the mother's diet may reduce the risk of intrauterine PFAS exposure. Special attention to exposure to highly novel PFASs and confirmation of potential determinants should be taken as a priority in the plan for risk management and actions in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jia
- Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health of Hebei Province; School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Lihong Duan
- The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Bingqi Dong
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Qiuying Dong
- Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Yinping Liu
- Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Wanqin Yu
- Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health of Hebei Province; School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
| | - Hongmei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health of Hebei Province; School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li X, Liu H, Wan H, Li Y, Xu S, Xiao H, Xia W. Sex-specific associations between legacy and novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and telomere length in newborns in Wuhan, China: Mixture and single pollutant associations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159676. [PMID: 36283531 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) at birth predicts later life TL and is related to health. Prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants might affect TL, but the associations between intrauterine per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exposure and neonatal TL remained inconclusive. This study aimed to explore the single pollutant and mixture associations between legacy and novel PFASs and TL in newborns. In 908 mother-newborn pairs from Wuhan, China, thirteen PFASs were measured in cord serum, and TL was determined in cord leukocytes. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and generalized linear model (GLM) were utilized to analyze the associations between PFASs mixture and single PFASs and TL in newborns. Furthermore, stratified and interaction analyses were performed to evaluate if there were sex-specific associations. The concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA) ranked the highest (geometric mean, 4.12, 1.61, and 0.77 ng/mL, respectively) among the 13 measured PFASs. Each unit increase in WQS index of PFASs mixture was associated with -5.19 % change (95% CI, -9.44, -0.73) of neonatal TL, and 8:2 Cl-PFESA contributed most (32.59 %) to the mixture association. In stratified analyses by neonatal sex, PFOS (-4.73 % change, 95% CI, -8.40, -0.93 for per doubling concentration) and 8:2 Cl-PFESA (-4.52 % change, 95% CI, -8.20, -0.70) were negatively associated with neonatal TL in male newborns, but no significant association appeared in females. In summary, intrauterine exposure to PFASs in mixture was associated with shorter neonatal TL, and the negative associations of 8:2 Cl-PFESA and PFOS with neonatal TL were observed only in boys. Future risk assessments are needed to pay more attention to the health effects of novel PFASs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Hongxia Wan
- Ningguo Meilin Hospital, Ningguo, Anhui 242321, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Han Xiao
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cao W, Horzmann K, Schemera B, Petrofski M, Kendall T, Spooner J, Rynders PE, VandeBerg JL, Wang X. Blood transcriptome responses to PFOA and GenX treatment in the marsupial biomedical model Monodelphis domestica. Front Genet 2023; 14:1073461. [PMID: 36873954 PMCID: PMC9974665 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1073461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Perfluoroalkyl and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widely used in industrial and consumer products. Due to their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, PFASs can be found in the blood of humans and wild animals all over the world. Various fluorinated alternatives such as GenX have been developed to replace the long-chain PFASs, but there is limited information about their potential toxicity. Methods:The current study developed blood culture protocols to assess the response to toxic compounds in the marsupial, Monodelphis domestica. After whole-blood culture conditions were tested and optimized, changes in gene expression in response to PFOA and GenX treatment were assessed. Results: More than 10,000 genes were expressed in the blood transcriptomes with and without treatment. Both PFOA and GenX treatment led to significant changes in the whole blood culture transcriptomes. A total of 578 and 148 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the PFOA and GenX treatment groups, 32 of which overlapped. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs involved in developmental processes were upregulated after PFOA exposure, while those enriched for metabolic and immune system processes were downregulated. GenX exposure upregulated genes associated with fatty acid transport pathways and inflammatory processes, which is consistent with previous studies using rodent models. Discussion: To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the effect of PFASs in a marsupial model. The findings provide supportive evidence for significant transcriptomic alterations, suggesting that this mammalian model may provide a mechanism for exploring the potential toxicity of PFOA and GenX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Cao
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.,Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University Center for Advanced Science, Innovation, and Commerce, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Katharine Horzmann
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Bettina Schemera
- Division of Laboratory Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Myra Petrofski
- Division of Laboratory Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Trisha Kendall
- Division of Laboratory Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Jennifer Spooner
- Division of Laboratory Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Patricia E Rynders
- Division of Laboratory Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - John L VandeBerg
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, United States
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.,Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University Center for Advanced Science, Innovation, and Commerce, Auburn, AL, United States.,HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gao X, Wang Y, Chen D, Li J, Zhong Y, Zhao Y, Wu Y. On-line solid phase extraction–ultra high performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole/Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in human serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1212:123484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
23
|
Liao Q, Tang P, Song Y, Liu B, Huang H, Liang J, Lin M, Shao Y, Liu S, Pan D, Huang D, Qiu X. Association of single and multiple prefluoroalkyl substances exposure with preterm birth: Results from a Chinese birth cohort study. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135741. [PMID: 35863418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent organic pollutants that may lead the adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB). However, previous studies have reported inconsistent results on the association between PFASs and PTB, and lack of the epidemiological evidence regarding the effect of PFASs mixture on PTB. This study aimed to explore association of individual and multiple exposure to PFASs with PTB. METHODS The study subjects were consisted of 1341 pregnant women from Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in Guangxi, China, from June 2015 to April 2019. Nine PFASs concentrations in the maternal serum were examined by ultrahigh liquid performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the gestational weeks were obtained from medical records. We applied binary logistics regression model to explore correlation between individual PFAS and PTB and inspected the combined effect of PFASs mixture on PTB by applying Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models. RESULTS In adjusted logistics regression model, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), ∑perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSA), and ∑PFASs were positively associated with the risk of PTB. In contrast, perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were negatively associated with the risk of PTB. These associations of n PFOS and PFHpA with PTB were found to be more pronounced in male infants. Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) showed an inverse U-shaped relationship between PFBS and PTB. Analysis from BKMR model showed a positive association between PFASs mixture and PTB, and no evidence of interactions among the nine PFASs were detected. Additionally, PFHpA, PFOS, and PFBS were identified as the main contributors for the effect of PFASs mixture on increasing the risk of PTB by BKMR and WQS models. CONCLUSION Prenatal exposure to higher levels of PFASs mixture was associated with higher risk of PTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanye Song
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi, China
| | - Bihu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Huishen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Mengrui Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yantao Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi, China
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongxiang Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Dongping Huang
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abrahamsson D, Siddharth A, Robinson JF, Soshilov A, Elmore S, Cogliano V, Ng C, Khan E, Ashton R, Chiu WA, Fung J, Zeise L, Woodruff TJ. Modeling the transplacental transfer of small molecules using machine learning: a case study on per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS). JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:808-819. [PMID: 36207486 PMCID: PMC9742309 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-022-00481-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite their large numbers and widespread use, very little is known about the extent to which per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can cross the placenta and expose the developing fetus. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study is to develop a computational approach that can be used to evaluate the of extend to which small molecules, and in particular PFAS, can cross to cross the placenta and partition to cord blood. METHODS We collected experimental values of the concentration ratio between cord and maternal blood (RCM) for 260 chemical compounds and calculated their physicochemical descriptors using the cheminformatics package Mordred. We used the compiled database to, train and test an artificial neural network (ANN). And then applied the best performing model to predict RCM for a large dataset of PFAS chemicals (n = 7982). We, finally, examined the calculated physicochemical descriptors of the chemicals to identify which properties correlated significantly with RCM. RESULTS We determined that 7855 compounds were within the applicability domain and 127 compounds are outside the applicability domain of our model. Our predictions of RCM for PFAS suggested that 3623 compounds had a log RCM > 0 indicating preferable partitioning to cord blood. Some examples of these compounds were bisphenol AF, 2,2-bis(4-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane, and nonafluoro-tert-butyl 3-methylbutyrate. SIGNIFICANCE These observations have important public health implications as many PFAS have been shown to interfere with fetal development. In addition, as these compounds are highly persistent and many of them can readily cross the placenta, they are expected to remain in the population for a long time as they are being passed from parent to offspring. IMPACT Understanding the behavior of chemicals in the human body during pregnancy is critical in preventing harmful exposures during critical periods of development. Many chemicals can cross the placenta and expose the fetus, however, the mechanism by which this transport occurs is not well understood. In our study, we developed a machine learning model that describes the transplacental transfer of chemicals as a function of their physicochemical properties. The model was then used to make predictions for a set of 7982 per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances that are listed on EPA's CompTox Chemicals Dashboard. The model can be applied to make predictions for other chemical categories of interest, such as plasticizers and pesticides. Accurate predictions of RCM can help scientists and regulators to prioritize chemicals that have the potential to cause harm by exposing the fetus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Abrahamsson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Adi Siddharth
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Joshua F Robinson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Anatoly Soshilov
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1001 I St, Sacramento, CA, 95814, USA
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1515 Clay St, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Sarah Elmore
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1001 I St, Sacramento, CA, 95814, USA
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1515 Clay St, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Vincent Cogliano
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1001 I St, Sacramento, CA, 95814, USA
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1515 Clay St, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Carla Ng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Elaine Khan
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1001 I St, Sacramento, CA, 95814, USA
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1515 Clay St, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Randolph Ashton
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 330 N Orchard St, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- The Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Weihsueh A Chiu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Jennifer Fung
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science and the Center of Reproductive Science, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2240, USA
| | - Lauren Zeise
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1001 I St, Sacramento, CA, 95814, USA
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1515 Clay St, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shen C, Ding J, Xu C, Zhang L, Liu S, Tian Y. Perfluoroalkyl Mixture Exposure in Relation to Fetal Growth: Potential Roles of Maternal Characteristics and Associations with Birth Outcomes. TOXICS 2022; 10:650. [PMID: 36355941 PMCID: PMC9695392 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exposure is suggested to interfere with fetal growth. However, limited investigations considered the roles of parity and delivery on PFASs distributions and the joint effects of PFASs mixture on birth outcomes. In this study, 506 birth cohorts were investigated in Hangzhou, China with 14 PFASs measured in maternal serum. Mothers with higher maternal ages who underwent cesarean section were associated with elevated PFASs burden, while parity showed a significant but diverse influence. A logarithmic unit increment in perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorononane sulfonate (PFNS) was significantly associated with a reduced birth weight of 0.153 kg (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.274, -0.031, p = 0.014), 0.217 kg (95% CI: -0.385, -0.049, p = 0.012), and 0.137 kg (95% CI: -0.270, -0.003, p = 0.044), respectively. Higher perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) and perfluoroheptane sulphonate (PFHpS) were associated with increased Apgar-1 scores. PFOA (Odds ratio (OR): 2.17, 95% CI: 1.27, 3.71, p = 0.004) and PFNS (OR:1.59, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.50, p = 0.043) were also risk factors to preterm birth. In addition, the quantile-based g-computation showed that PFASs mixture exposure was significantly associated with Apgar-1 (OR: 0.324, 95%CI: 0.068, 0.579, p = 0.013) and preterm birth (OR: 0.356, 95% CI: 0.149, 0.845, p = 0.019). In conclusion, PFASs were widely distributed in the maternal serum, which was influenced by maternal characteristics and significantly associated with several birth outcomes. Further investigation should focus on the placenta transfer and toxicities of PFASs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chensi Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiaxin Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chenye Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shuren Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yonghong Tian
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Luo K, Huang W, Zhang Q, Liu X, Nian M, Wei M, Wang Y, Chen D, Chen X, Zhang J. Environmental exposure to legacy poly/perfluoroalkyl substances, emerging alternatives and isomers and semen quality in men: A mixture analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155158. [PMID: 35421474 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Multiple studies have examined the relationship between PFAS and semen quality, but none has explored the associations of PFAS mixture that includes emerging alternatives and branched isomers. METHODS 22 PFAS, including 10 linear legacy PFAS, 7 branched isomers, 3 short chain alternatives and 2 components of F53B [e.g., 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (Cl-PFESA)] were quantified in blood plasma among 740 healthy men. Five semen quality parameters (i.e., volume, count, concentration, total motility and progressive rate) were assessed. Multiple linear regression and three multiple pollutant models (i.e., adaptive elastic net regression, quantile based g-computation, and XGBoost method) were used to assess the associations of individual PFAS and PFAS mixture with semen quality and the potential interactive effects among congeners. RESULTS After adjusting for selected confounders, perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) presented significant and negative associations with sperm count [βAENET = -0.09 (95%CI: -0.14, -0.03) for PFBS, and -0.16 (95%CI: -0.25, -0.07) for PFHxS] and sperm concentration [-0.04 (95%CI: -0.08, -0.001) for PFBS and -0.11 (95%CI: -0.17, -0.04) for PFHxS]. 6:2 Cl-PFESA showed negative associations with total motility (-2.33, 95%CI: -3.80, -0.86) and progressive rate (-1.46, 95%CI: -2.79, -0.12). But perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS) was positively associated with sperm count and concentration. These associations were supported by the importance assessment of these four congeners in XGBoost analyses. However, no associations were found between PFAS mixture or branched isomers and semen quality; nor were there significant interactions among PFAS congeners. CONCLUSIONS In the current cross-sectional study, we found that two emerging PFAS replacements (i.e., 6:2 Cl-PFESA and PFBS) and PFHxS exposure were associated with reduced semen concentration, total sperm count and motility in men. Meanwhile, significant positive associations between PFHpS and sperm count and concentration were also observed. But there were no consistent associations between PFAS mixture, branched isomers and semen quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Luo
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qianlong Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaotu Liu
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Min Nian
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mengdan Wei
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200135, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, Hainan 570100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu X, Luo K, Zhang J, Yu H, Chen D. Exposure of Preconception Couples to Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Variations Within and Between Couples. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6172-6181. [PMID: 35016501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of the exposure of preconception couples to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), as well as the most important influencing factors, promotes the understanding of the joint effects of parental exposure on reproductive health. In the present study, a total of 938 preconception couples recruited through the Shanghai Birth Cohort were investigated for the variations of PFAS exposure and contributing factors within and between couples. While linear perfluorooctanoic acid (n-PFOA, median 20.4 ng/mL) and linear perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (n-PFOS, 12.1 ng/mL) remained dominant in plasma, emerging PFAS, particularly 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (10.5 ng/mL), 6:2 polyfluoroalkyl phosphate diester (0.41 ng/mL), and branched PFOS or PFOA isomers, were also frequently detected. Although individual PFAS were generally correlated within couples, gender differences significantly existed in the concentrations of most individual PFAS and isomer profiles of PFOS and PFOA. Men generally exhibited higher plasma concentrations than their partners, likely reflecting gender-specific elimination pathway and kinetics. Couple-based PFAS exposure also varied greatly. After adjustment for individual factors, several household factors, including annual household income, dwelling floor type, drinking water source, and living near farmlands, were found to be associated with couple-based PFAS exposure. Our study constitutes one of the few studies addressing couple-based exposure to PFAS and lays a solid ground for further assessment of the impacts of parental exposure on reproductive health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotu Liu
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao Yu
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li J, Luo K, Liu X, Tang S, Zhang J, Chen D. Chemical-specific determinants for pre-conceptional exposure to emerging and legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:152501. [PMID: 34968602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The exposure of preconception women to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) could negatively affect her reproductive health. However, chemical-specific determinants for pre-conceptional exposure to PFASs, particularly the emerging ones, remain poorly understood. In the present study, it was found that the total PFAS concentration ranged from 8.9 to 440.3 ng/mL (median: 49.6 ng/mL) in 1060 preconception women. The PFAS exposure profile was dominated by PFOA (16.8 ng/mL), followed by PFOS (13.3 ng/mL), 6:2 Cl-PFESA (8.9 ng/mL), PFDA (2.4 ng/mL), PFNA (2.1 ng/mL), and others. The pre-conceptional exposure to the selected PFASs was significantly associated, in a chemical-specific pattern, with multiple demographic characteristics and the consumption frequency of different types of food. In particular, the exposure to 6:2 Cl-PFESA was associated with age, parity, alcohol drinking, educational level, household income, and the consumption frequency of red meat, marine and freshwater fish, shellfish, and shrimp. However, our analysis revealed that the investigated sociodemographic and diet variables only explained a relatively small proportion (1.3%-18.7%) of PFAS concentration variations, raising the need of exploring additional factors critical to pre-conceptional PFAS exposure. Overall, the identification of chemical-specific determinants would greatly facilitate the understanding of the link between pre-conceptional exposure and health outcomes, and the mitigation of human exposure to PFAS, particularly the emerging ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaotu Liu
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shuqin Tang
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fujii Y, Harada KH, Trzcinski AP. Comment on "Associations of Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances with the Neonatal Birth Size and Hormones in the Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis": What Is the Origin of PFHxS Found in the Human Body? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5283-5284. [PMID: 35380431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Fujii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan
| | - Kouji H Harada
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida Konoe, Sakyo, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
| | - Antoine P Trzcinski
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gui SY, Chen YN, Wu KJ, Liu W, Wang WJ, Liang HR, Jiang ZX, Li ZL, Hu CY. Association Between Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:855348. [PMID: 35400049 PMCID: PMC8988915 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.855348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large body of emerging evidence suggests that per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) affect birth outcomes in various pathways, but the evidence is inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review the epidemiological evidence on PFAS exposure and birth outcomes. Methods Three electronic databases were searched for epidemiological studies through February 13, 2021. We used random-effects meta-analysis for eight birth outcome indicators to calculate summary effect estimates for various exposure types. The risk of bias and the overall quality and level of evidence for each exposure-outcome pair were assessed. Results The initial search identified 58 potentially eligible studies, of which 46 were ultimately included. Many PFAS were found to have previously unrecognized statistically significant associations with birth outcomes. Specifically, birth weight (BW) was associated with PFAS, with effect sizes ranging from −181.209 g (95% confidence interval (CI) = −360.620 to −1.798) per 1 ng/ml increase in perfluoroheptanesulfonate (PFHpS) to −24.252 g (95% CI = −38.574 to −9.930) per 1 ln (ng/ml) increase in perfluorodecaoic acid (PFDA). Similar patterns were observed between other PFAS and birth outcomes: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with birth length (BL) and ponderal index (PI), PFOS and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA) with head circumference (HC), PFHpS with gestational age (GA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and PFHpS with preterm birth (PTB). Additionally, PFDA showed a statistically significant association with small for gestational age (SGA). The level of the combined evidence for each exposure-outcome pair was considered to be “moderate”. Conclusion This study showed that PFAS exposure was significantly associated with increased risks of various adverse birth outcomes and that different birth outcome indicators had different degrees of sensitivity to PFAS. Further studies are needed to confirm our results by expanding the sample size, clarifying the effects of different types or doses of PFAS and the time of blood collection on birth outcomes, and fully considering the possible confounders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Gui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue-Nan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ke-Jia Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huan-Ru Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zheng-Xuan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ze-Lian Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Ze-Lian Li
| | - Cheng-Yang Hu
- Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Cheng-Yang Hu
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gao Y, Luo J, Zhang Y, Pan C, Ren Y, Zhang J, Tian Y. Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Child Growth Trajectories in the First Two Years. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:37006. [PMID: 35285689 PMCID: PMC8919954 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women are ubiquitously exposed to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Prenatal exposure to PFAS has been associated with lower birth weight but also with excess adiposity and higher weight in childhood. These mixed findings warrant investigation of the relationship between PFAS and dynamic offspring growth. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between prenatal PFAS exposure and early-life growth trajectories during the first 2 y. METHODS Pregnant women (n=3,426) were recruited from 2013 to 2016 from the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC) Study, and their children were followed up from birth to 2 y of age. Seven PFAS congeners were quantified in pregnant women's serum during the first trimester. Our study population was restricted to 1,350 children who had five repeated measurements for at least one anthropometric measure. Four anthropometric measures, including weight, length/height, weight-for-length, and head circumference, were evaluated at birth, 42 d, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months, and standardized into z-scores using the World Health Organization reference. Trajectories of each measure were classified into five groups using group-based trajectory modeling. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for trajectory groups according to log2-transformed PFAS concentrations, and the moderate-stable group was selected as the reference group for all measures. RESULTS Higher prenatal exposure to PFAS was associated with elevated odds for the low-rising weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) trajectory, and the high-rising length-for-age z-score (LAZ) trajectory. Meanwhile, PFAS levels were associated with decreased odds for the low-rising and high-rising weight-for-length z-score (WLZ) trajectories. In addition, the associations of PFAS with growth trajectory groups differed by sex, where males had greater odds for the low-rising and low-stable WAZ trajectories and for the high-stable and low-rising WLZ trajectories. In contrast, inverse associations were consistently observed with trajectories of the high-stable, low-stable, and low-rising head-circumference-for-age z-score (HCZ) in relation to most individual PFAS congeners. PFAS mixtures analysis further confirmed the above findings. DISCUSSION Trajectory analysis approach provided insight into the complex associations between PFAS exposure and offspring growth. Future studies are warranted to confirm the present findings with trajectory modeling strategies and understand the clinical significance of these trajectory groups. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9875.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Ministry of Education – Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyu Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunjie Ren
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education – Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Ministry of Education – Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hou J, Li G, Liu M, Chen L, Yao Y, Fallgren PH, Jin S. Electrochemical destruction and mobilization of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in saturated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132205. [PMID: 34563764 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have attracted attention due to their widespread distribution, recalcitrance, and substantial toxicity. In this work, high concentrations of PFOA and PFOS were degraded and mobilized through electrochemical treatments in a simulated source zone of saturated soil. Under a low constant voltage and direct current of 24 V and 467-690 mA, approximately 51.7% and 33% of PFOA and PFOS were degraded, respectively. Additionally, a total defluorination mass balance of 44.7% and 23% were detected for PFOA and PFOS, respectively, which indicates that the removal of PFOA and PFOS occurs through its destruction. Substantial electromigration causes the destruction and mobilization of solid PFOA and PFOS to shift into the water phase. Although electrochemical oxidation of PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) were previously reported and studied, this study is one of the few that focus on simultaneous desorption, mobilization, and destruction of PFAS in saturated soil containing a low-intensity electrical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Department of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Guoao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 10083, PR China
| | - Mingrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Department of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Department of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
| | - Ye Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Department of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Paul H Fallgren
- Advanced Environmental Technologies LLC, Fort Collins, CO, 80525, USA
| | - Song Jin
- Advanced Environmental Technologies LLC, Fort Collins, CO, 80525, USA; Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lin CY, Lee HL, Wang C, Sung FC, Su TC. Association between the total plasma isomers of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and erythrograms in young and middle-aged Taiwanese populations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112902. [PMID: 34656858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are human-made chemicals used in daily use products. Recent studies have shown that different perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and/or perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) isomers may have different biological effects. In vitro studies have also reported that PFAS exposure can alter the structure of hemoglobin (Hb). In epidemiology, however, few studies have investigated the relationship between PFAS exposure and erythrocytes. Additionally, the correlation between PFOA/PFOS isomers and full erythrograms has never been explored. APPROACH AND RESULTS In cohorts comprising young and middle-aged Taiwanese populations, we enrolled 1483 participants (aged between 12 and 63 years) to analyze the correlations between the plasma levels of PFOA/PFOS isomers and whole-blood erythrograms. The study comprised 868 men and 615 women with a mean age of 31.2 years. When all PFOA/PFOS isomers were entered into the multiple linear regression model, the linear PFOA (L-PFOA) levels were positively correlated with the Hb, hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) levels while the branched PFOS (B-PFOS) levels were positively associated with the Hb, HCT, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The mean value of Hb was the highest (14.66 mg/dL (95% CI =14.52-14.80); P for trend <0.001) when both the L-PFOA and B-PFOS levels were above the 50th percentile. CONCLUSIONS The results imply that PFOA/PFOS isomers may increase the weight and volume of Hb/RBC and that L-PFOA/B-PFOS may have an additive effect on the Hb levels. However, it is also possible PFAS detected at a higher concentration may due to its binding to higher levels of Hb. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of PFOA/PFOS isomers on RBCs in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Chikang Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kobayashi S, Sata F, Ikeda-Araki A, Miyashita C, Goudarzi H, Iwasaki Y, Nakajima T, Kishi R. Relationships between maternal perfluoroalkyl substance levels, polymorphisms of receptor genes, and adverse birth outcomes in the Hokkaido birth cohort study, Japan. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 107:112-122. [PMID: 34896592 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the associations between perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) levels in third trimester maternal serum, the maternal genotypes of genes encoding nuclear receptors, and birth outcomes. We studied a prospective birth cohort of healthy pregnant Japanese women (n = 372) recruited in Sapporo between July 2002 and October 2005. We analyzed PFOS and PFOA levels using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and analyzed 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of proliferator-activated receptor alpha, gamma, gamma coactivator 1A, delta, constitutive androstane receptor, liver X receptor alpha, and beta (LXRB) using real-time polymerase reaction (PCR). We employed multiple linear regression models to establish the influences of log10-transformed PFOS and PFOA levels and maternal genotypes on birth size. In female infants, we identified interactions between PFOS levels, the maternal genotype of LXRB (rs1405655), and birth weight. The estimated mean changes in birth weight in response to PFOS levels, the maternal genotype LXRB (rs1405655)-TC/CC (compared to TT), and their interactions were -502.9 g (95 % confidence interval [CI] = -247.3, -758.5 g), -526.3 g (95 % CI = -200.7, -852.0 g), and 662.1 g (95 % CI = 221.0, 1,103.2 g; pint = 0.003), respectively. Interactions between PFOS levels and the maternal genotype of LXRB (rs1405655) also significantly affected birth chest circumference and the Ponderal index (pint = 0.037 and 0.005, respectively). Thus, interactions between PFOS levels and the maternal genotype of LXRB (rs1405655) affects birth sizes in female infants. We found that certain SNPs modify the effects of PFOS levels on birth size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumitaka Kobayashi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sata
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan; Health Center, Chuo University, 42-8, Ichigaya-Hommura-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8473, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ikeda-Araki
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan; Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Chihiro Miyashita
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Houman Goudarzi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iwasaki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, Hoshi University, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tamie Nakajima
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200, Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cao T, Qu A, Li Z, Wang W, Liu R, Wang X, Nie Y, Sun S, Zhang X, Liu X. The relationship between maternal perfluoroalkylated substances exposure and low birth weight of offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:67053-67065. [PMID: 34244932 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Some studies have shown that maternal perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) exposure may be associated with low birth weight (LBW) of offspring. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between maternal PFASs exposure and LBW in offspring. The researchers searched PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase to find all the articles before October 2020. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Finally, six articles were included for meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis showed no significant correlation between maternal perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure and LBW of offspring: odds ratio (OR) = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.80-1.01, with low heterogeneity (I2 = 18.4%, P = 0.289); there was a significant positive correlation between maternal perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure and LBW of offspring (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.09-1.55) with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0.00%, P = 0.570). The grouping analysis of PFOS showed was a significant positive correlation between maternal PFOS exposure and LBW of offspring in American (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.15-1.72). This study provided a systematic review and meta-analysis evidence for the relationship between maternal PFASs exposure and LBW of offspring through a small number of studies. Researchers should conduct further studies between different regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengrui Cao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Aibin Qu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Hygienic Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Hygienic Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Hygienic Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Hygienic Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxiong Nie
- Department of Epidemiology and Hygienic Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Suju Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Hygienic Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuehui Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dong G, Zhang R, Huang H, Lu C, Xia Y, Wang X, Du G. Exploration of the developmental toxicity of TCS and PFOS to zebrafish embryos by whole-genome gene expression analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:56032-56042. [PMID: 34046830 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14527-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are known to have both endocrine disrupting and developmental toxicity effects on zebrafish embryos. Currently, potential molecular mechanisms underlying these toxicological phenomena require further studies. To address this gap in the literature, we used whole transcriptome microarrays to being to address the potential molecular mechanisms underlying developmental toxicity of TCS and PFOS on zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 300 μg/L TCS and 500 μg/L PFOS from 4 to 120 h post fertilization (hpf). Phenotypically, the hatching rate of zebrafish embryos was significantly reduced after TCS exposure at 72 hpf. Additionally, body length was significantly decreased in the TCS treatment group at 120 hpf. Gene ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that lipid metabolism, steroid metabolism, and organ development-related biological processes were significantly enriched in TCS- and PFOS-treated zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, signaling network analysis indicated that the steroid biosynthesis process was the most significant biological process disrupted by TCS in 120 hpf zebrafish embryos, while organ development was the most significant biological process disrupted by PFOS exposure. Our findings enhance the understanding of the specific types of embryotoxicity elicited by TCS and PFOS, and also provide information that can be used to inform future mechanistic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hongyu Huang
- Department of Infection Management, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Guizhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abrahamsson DP, Wang A, Jiang T, Wang M, Siddharth A, Morello-Frosch R, Park JS, Sirota M, Woodruff TJ. A Comprehensive Non-targeted Analysis Study of the Prenatal Exposome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10542-10557. [PMID: 34260856 PMCID: PMC8338910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent technological advances in mass spectrometry have enabled us to screen biological samples for a very broad spectrum of chemical compounds allowing us to more comprehensively characterize the human exposome in critical periods of development. The goal of this study was three-fold: (1) to analyze 590 matched maternal and cord blood samples (total 295 pairs) using non-targeted analysis (NTA); (2) to examine the differences in chemical abundance between maternal and cord blood samples; and (3) to examine the associations between exogenous chemicals and endogenous metabolites. We analyzed all samples with high-resolution mass spectrometry using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS) in both positive and negative electrospray ionization modes (ESI+ and ESI-) and in soft ionization (MS) and fragmentation (MS/MS) modes for prioritized features. We confirmed 19 unique compounds with analytical standards, we tentatively identified 73 compounds with MS/MS spectra matching, and we annotated 98 compounds using an annotation algorithm. We observed 103 significant associations in maternal and 128 in cord samples between compounds annotated as endogenous and compounds annotated as exogenous. An example of these relationships was an association between three poly and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and endogenous fatty acids in both the maternal and cord samples indicating potential interactions between PFASs and fatty acid regulating proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Panagopoulos Abrahamsson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
| | - Aolin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
| | - Ting Jiang
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Berkeley, 94710, California, United States
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Berkeley, 94710, California, United States
| | - Adi Siddharth
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management and School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720, California, United States
| | - June-Soo Park
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Berkeley, 94710, California, United States
| | - Marina Sirota
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94158, California, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94158, California, United States
| | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hagstrom AL, Anastas P, Boissevain A, Borrel A, Deziel NC, Fenton SE, Fields C, Fortner JD, Franceschi-Hofmann N, Frigon R, Jin L, Kim JH, Kleinstreuer NC, Koelmel J, Lei Y, Liew Z, Ma X, Mathieu L, Nason SL, Organtini K, Oulhote Y, Pociu S, Godri Pollitt KJ, Saiers J, Thompson DC, Toal B, Weiner EJ, Whirledge S, Zhang Y, Vasiliou V. Yale School of Public Health Symposium: An overview of the challenges and opportunities associated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146192. [PMID: 33714836 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
On December 13, 2019, the Yale School of Public Health hosted a symposium titled "Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): Challenges and Opportunities" in New Haven, Connecticut. The meeting focused on the current state of the science on these chemicals, highlighted the challenges unique to PFAS, and explored promising opportunities for addressing them. It brought together participants from Yale University, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the University of Massachusetts Amherst, the University of Connecticut, the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, the Connecticut Departments of Public Health and Energy and Environmental Protection, and the public and private sectors. Presentations during the symposium centered around several primary themes. The first reviewed the current state of the science on the health effects associated with PFAS exposure and noted key areas that warranted future research. As research in this field relies on specialized laboratory analyses, the second theme considered commercially available methods for PFAS analysis as well as several emerging analytical approaches that support health studies and facilitate the investigation of a broader range of PFAS. Since mitigation of PFAS exposure requires prevention and cleanup of contamination, the third theme highlighted new nanotechnology-enabled PFAS remediation technologies and explored the potential of green chemistry to develop safer alternatives to PFAS. The fourth theme covered collaborative efforts to assess the vulnerability of in-state private wells and small public water supplies to PFAS contamination by adjacent landfills, and the fifth focused on strategies that promote successful community engagement. This symposium supported a unique interdisciplinary coalition established during the development of Connecticut's PFAS Action Plan, and discussions occurring throughout the symposium revealed opportunities for collaborations among Connecticut scientists, state and local officials, and community advocates. In doing so, it bolstered the State of Connecticut's efforts to implement the ambitious initiatives that its PFAS Action Plan recommends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Hagstrom
- Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, Hartford, CT, USA; Connecticut Academy of Science and Engineering, Rocky Hill, CT, USA
| | - Paul Anastas
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale School of the Environment, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrea Boissevain
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Stratford Health Department, Stratford, CT, USA
| | - Alexandre Borrel
- NIH/NIEHS/DIR Biostatistics & Computational Biology Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Nicole C Deziel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Suzanne E Fenton
- NIH/NIEHS Division of the National Toxicology Program, NTP Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Cheryl Fields
- Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - John D Fortner
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Raymond Frigon
- Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Lan Jin
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nicole C Kleinstreuer
- NIH/NIEHS/DIR Biostatistics & Computational Biology Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; NIH/NIEHS Division of the National Toxicology Program, NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jeremy Koelmel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Zeyan Liew
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiuqi Ma
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lori Mathieu
- Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Sara L Nason
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Youssef Oulhote
- School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Shannon Pociu
- Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Krystal J Godri Pollitt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - James Saiers
- Yale School of the Environment, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brian Toal
- Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Eric J Weiner
- Clean Water Task Force at Windsor Climate Action, Windsor, CT, USA
| | - Shannon Whirledge
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Luo K, Liu X, Nian M, Wang Y, Qiu J, Yu H, Chen X, Zhang J. Environmental exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances mixture and male reproductive hormones. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 152:106496. [PMID: 33744484 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous epidemiological studies on the relationship between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and male reproductive hormones were mainly limited to a few legacy PFAS and ignored the possible mixture effects. OBJECTIVES To assess the associations of PFAS mixture, branched isomers and emerging alternatives of PFAS with male reproductive hormones. METHODS A total of 902 men (mean age: 31.3 years) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. We quantified 24 targeted PFAS, including 7 branched PFOS isomers, 2 branched PFOA isomers and 2 components of F-53B, in blood plasma. Five reproductive hormones, including total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and insulin like factor 3 (INSL3), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in serum. Associations were first assessed by confounder-adjusted multiple linear regression while correcting for multiple comparisons. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and adaptive elastic net (AENET) were further used to assess mixture effects and the adjusted exposure response (ER) relationship of individual PFAS. RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, we found that PFAS mixture was significantly and inversely associated with E2 and E2/TT, with perfluoro-n-undecanoic acid (PFuDA) being the major contributor. Although the associations between PFAS mixture and other hormones were non-significant, certain individual PFAS presented significant associations. Notably, perfluoro-n-tridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) and perfluoro-n-dodecanoic acid (PFDoA) were found to be significantly and inversely associated with INSL3, a unique indicator of Leydig cells function. Meanwhile, significant positive associations were found between perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) and FSH and between PFuDA and LH. But the associations with branched isomers or F-53B were sporadic and inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided the evidence that PFAS mixture may reduce E2 level, and certain PFAS (i.e., PFTrDA and PFDoA) may have negative effects on Leydig cells function among young men. Additional studies are much needed to confirm our results and elucidate potential mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Luo
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaotu Liu
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Min Nian
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Hao Yu
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, Shanghai 200135, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu Y, Liu K, Zheng P, Yin S, Jin H, Bai X, Li Y, Zheng J, Dai Y, Zhao M, Liu W. Prenatal exposure and transplacental transfer of perfluoroalkyl substance isomers in participants from the upper and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116202. [PMID: 33333405 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Data on gestational exposure characteristics and transplacental transfer are quite limited for perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) isomers, especially those from large-scale comparative studies. To fill this gap, we examined isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) in matched maternal and cord serum from Mianyang and Hangzhou, which are located in the upper and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China, respectively. These data were compared with those from our previous study on Wuhan in the middle reach. The average ΣPFAS concentration increased from upstream to downstream (Mianyang (4.44 ng/mL) < Wuhan (9.88 ng/mL) < Hangzhou (19.72 ng/mL)) and may be related to the per capita consumption expenditure of each city. The ln-transformed PFAS concentrations showed significant differences between Mianyang and Hangzhou after adjusting confounding factors (p < 0.05). The percentages of linear PFOS and PFOA in maternal and cord serum from these cities all exceeded those in electrochemical fluorination products. The isomer profiles of PFASs in maternal and cord serum might be greatly influenced by local production processes of PFASs and residents' dietary habits. The transplacental transfer efficiencies decreased significantly with increasing concentrations in maternal serum for ΣPFAS, ΣPFOS, ΣPFOA, ΣPFHxS, n-PFOS, iso-PFOS, 4m-PFOS, 1m-PFOS, n-PFOA, n-PFHxS, and br-PFHxS (Spearman rank correlation coefficients (r) = 0.373-0.687, p < 0.01). These findings support an understanding of the regional characteristics in maternal exposure to PFASs along the Yangtze River, isomeric profiles of PFASs in these regions, and the transplacental transfer processes of PFAS isomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, W. M. Keck Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Blvd., Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Ping Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoxia Bai
- Women Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Mianyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Jingxian Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yishuang Dai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Panieri E, Buha-Đorđevic A, Saso L. Endocrine disruption by PFAS: A major concern associated with legacy and replacement substances. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm71-34197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Perand poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) have been used for decades in a great variety of processes and products by virtue of their exceptional properties, versatility and chemical stability. Nevertheless, it is increasingly recognized that these substances can represent a serious hazard to human health and living organisms due to their persistence, long-range transport potential and tendency to accumulate in biota. For this reason, some efforts have been made across the EU to identify alternative molecules, with a shorter carbon chain and theoretically safer profile, that might replace the previous generation of legacy PFAS. Unfortunately, this strategy has not been entirely successful and serious concerns are still posed by PFAS in different human populations. Among others, an emerging aspect is represented by the adverse effects that both legacy and alternative PFAS can exert on the human endocrine system, with respect to vulnerable target subpopulations. In this review we will briefly summarize PFAS properties, uses and environmental fate, focusing on their effects on human reproductive capacity and fertility, body weight control and obesity as well as thyroid function.
Collapse
|
42
|
Lee YJ, Jung HW, Kim HY, Choi YJ, Lee YA. Early-Life Exposure to Per- and Poly-Fluorinated Alkyl Substances and Growth, Adiposity, and Puberty in Children: A Systematic Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:683297. [PMID: 34566884 PMCID: PMC8458955 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.683297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Per- or polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a family of synthetic polyfluorinated compounds, are widely used in consumer products. Ubiquitous exposures to PFAS, in consideration of their persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicities have led to concerns regarding possible harmful effects during critical periods of development in early-life and long-term consequences on health. The potential effects of PFAS depend on various factors including the type of PFAS and the timing and level of exposure. We performed a systematic review of the epidemiologic literature to assess the effects of early-life PFAS exposure on prenatal and postnatal growth, adiposity, and puberty in children and adolescents. For birth size, most studies indicated that prenatal PFAS exposure, in particular long-chain PFAS, may impair fetal growth, albeit some reports of null associations with maternal PFAS. For growth within 2 years of age, prenatal PFAS exposure showed no associations with height and either null or negative associations with weight. However, postnatal PFAS exposures were inversely related to height and weight at 2 years in a cross-sectional study. For postnatal adiposity, prenatal PFAS may mostly have negative associations with body mass index in the first 2 years of life, but positive relationships with adiposity in childhood and adolescence, although some studies showed null associations. For puberty, the evidence for associations between early-life PFAS exposure and pubertal development or sex hormone levels were limited and inconclusive. From experimental studies, plausible mechanisms through which PFAS may affect early-life growth and puberty include PFAS-induced activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, alterations of thyroid or steroid hormone synthesis and metabolism, and their weak estrogenic or anti-androgenic properties. Although the published literature suggests possible effects of PFAS exposures on early-life growth, adiposity, and puberty, current human evidence is limited in establishing PFAS-induced effects on early-life physical development. Further investigation is warranted to clarify PFAS-induced effects on growth and physical development in consideration of the critical time-window of exposure, concomitant exposure to chemical mixtures including various PFAS types, and possible non-monotonic dose-response relationship for growth and adiposity trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hae Woon Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwa Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Young Ah Lee,
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yue Y, Li S, Qian Z, Pereira RF, Lee J, Doherty JJ, Zhang Z, Peng Y, Clark JM, Timme-Laragy AR, Park Y. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) impaired reproduction and altered offspring physiological functions in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111695. [PMID: 32835727 PMCID: PMC7554236 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), a shorter chain Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) cognate of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), has been used as replacement for the toxic surfactant PFOS. However, emerging evidences suggest safety concerns for PFBS and its effect on reproductive health is still understudied. Therefore, the current work aimed to investigate the effect of PFBS, in comparison to PFOS, on reproductive health using Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo animal model. PFOS (≥10 μM) and PFBS (≥1000 μM) significantly impaired the reproduction capacity of C. elegans, represented as reduced brood size (total egg number) and progeny number (hatched offspring number), without affecting the hatchability. Additionally, the preconception exposure of PFOS and PFBS significantly altered the embryonic nutrient loading and composition, which further led to abnormalities in growth rate, body size and locomotive activity in F1 offspring. Though the effective exposure concentration of PFBS was approximately 100 times higher than PFOS, the internal concentration of PFBS was lower than that of PFOS to produce the similar effects of PFOS. In conclusion, PFOS and PFBS significantly impaired the reproductive capacities in C. elegans and the preconception exposure of these two compounds can lead to offspring physiological dysfunctions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Yue
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Sida Li
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Zhuojia Qian
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | | | - Jonghwa Lee
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Jeffery J Doherty
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Ye Peng
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - John M Clark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu Y, Li A, Buchanan S, Liu W. Exposure characteristics for congeners, isomers, and enantiomers of perfluoroalkyl substances in mothers and infants. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106012. [PMID: 32771830 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are ubiquitous in the environment, making it inevitable for humans to be exposed to these pollutants. The exposure begins while in utero and continues in infancy, during the potentially most sensitive early stages of life. This review summarizes the current knowledge on pre- and neo-natal exposures based on more than 200 articles published from 2000 to date. All relevant biological matrices used in the cited studies were included, such as maternal blood, umbilical cord blood, breast milk, placenta, amniotic fluid, fetal organs, newborns' dried blood spots, and infant serum. We show that such exposures are geographically global with significant discrepancies among countries and continents, and that while the levels of major legacy PFASs (PFOS and PFOA) have declined since 2000, those of others may have not. We also show that levels of PFOS and PFOA exceed those of some major environmental toxins, such as p,p'-DDE, BDE-47, PCB-153, PBB-153, and OH-PBDEs in maternal blood. Given that the behavior and potential effects have an origin in molecular structure, biomonitoring and research at the levels of isomers and enantiomers are critically important. Through critical analysis of these works, we summarize the major achievements, consensus, and the deficiencies of existing research. To our knowledge, this is the first review on the overall internal exposure status of mothers and infants to PFASs during pregnancy and lactation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - An Li
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Susan Buchanan
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Weiping Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pirard C, Dufour P, Charlier C. Background contamination of perfluoralkyl substances in a Belgian general population. Toxicol Lett 2020; 333:13-21. [PMID: 32659468 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The few Belgian studies on the human exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have until now concerned the Northern part of Belgium (Flanders), while data related to Wallonia (South region) are missing. To fill this gap, 8 perfluorinated carboxylic acids and 3 perfluorinated alkyl sulfonates were measured in the serum of 242 adults (>18 years old) recruited in 2015 and living in the Province of Liege. Some multivariate regression models were also built with the PFAS levels and the participant's answers to a questionnaire about their diet and lifestyle habits in order to identify some predictors of exposure. The results obtained showed that although PFAS levels observed in our population seemed to be similar or lower than those reported in other countries, and especially lower than in the Northern part of Belgium, half of the population showed PFOS and PFOA serum levels above the health guidance values set by the German HBM Commission. As expected, age and gender were the main covariates explaining the different PFAS serum levels between participants, while breastfeeding (for women), consumption of fish and seafood, consumption of rice, and use of nail polish seemed also to impact the PFAS body burden of our population. Nevertheless, the statistical models were poorly predictive suggesting that the main sources of exposure were not taken into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Pirard
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, 4000, Liege, Belgium.
| | - Patrice Dufour
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Corinne Charlier
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Blake BE, Fenton SE. Early life exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and latent health outcomes: A review including the placenta as a target tissue and possible driver of peri- and postnatal effects. Toxicology 2020; 443:152565. [PMID: 32861749 PMCID: PMC7530144 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous drinking water contaminants of concern due to mounting evidence implicating adverse health outcomes associated with exposure, including reduced kidney function, metabolic syndrome, thyroid disruption, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. PFAS have been produced in the U.S. since the 1940s and now encompass a growing chemical family comprised of diverse chemical moieties, yet the toxicological effects have been studied for relatively few compounds. Critically, exposures to some PFAS in utero are associated with adverse outcomes for both mother and offspring, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including preeclampsia, and low birth weight. Given the relationship between HDP, placental dysfunction, adverse health outcomes, and increased risk for chronic diseases in adulthood, the role of both developmental and lifelong exposure to PFAS likely contributes to disease risk in complex ways. Here, evidence for the role of some PFAS in disrupted thyroid function, kidney disease, and metabolic syndrome is synthesized with an emphasis on the placenta as a critical yet understudied target of PFAS and programming agent of adult disease. Future research efforts must continue to fill the knowledge gap between placental susceptibility to environmental exposures like PFAS, subsequent perinatal health risks for both mother and child, and latent health effects in adult offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bevin E Blake
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of the National Toxicology Program (DNTP), NTP Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Suzanne E Fenton
- Division of the National Toxicology Program (DNTP), NTP Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in drinking water and birthweight in the US: A county-level study. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e0107. [PMID: 33154987 PMCID: PMC7595209 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous in the serum of the general US population, and were detected in public water systems serving approximately 16.5 million US residents during 2013–2015. Low birthweight was associated with PFAS exposures in previous studies.
Collapse
|
48
|
Manea S, Salmaso L, Lorenzoni G, Mazzucato M, Russo F, Mantoan D, Martuzzi M, Fletcher T, Facchin P. Exposure to PFAS and small for gestational age new-borns: A birth records study in Veneto Region (Italy). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109282. [PMID: 32120121 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) in serum are inversely associated with fetal growth. Small for gestational age (SGA) is a measure based on birth weight and gestational age at birth and represents a good indicator of fetal growth but it has been used only in a small number of studies. We examined the association between PFAS exposure and the risk of severe SGA in a PFAS contaminated area in the Veneto Region (North-East of Italy). METHODS A retrospective cohort study has been developed including all singleton live births reported in the Veneto Region Birth Registry between 2003 and 2018 to mothers living in the contaminated and in a control area. We estimated the association between mothers' area of residence and severe SGA using crude RR (and 95% CI) and stepwise logistic regression, including all the maternal characteristics. RESULTS The study included 105,114 singleton live births. The occurence of severe SGA was 3.44% in the contaminated area and 2.67% in the control area. The multivariate analysis confirmed that living in the contaminated area significantly increased the odds of severe SGA (adjusted OR 1.27 (95% C.I. 1.16, 1.39)). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that living in a contaminated area by PFAS plays a role in affecting fetal growth and support the hypothesis that PFAS exposure is a risk factor for SGA. Individual data on exposure are needed to confirm the direct association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Manea
- Veneto Region Rare Diseases Coordinating Centre, Veneto Region Birth Register, University Hospital of Padua, Via Pietro Donà 11, 35129, Padova, Italy.
| | - Laura Salmaso
- Veneto Region Rare Diseases Coordinating Centre, Veneto Region Birth Register, University Hospital of Padua, Via Pietro Donà 11, 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Lorenzoni
- Veneto Region Rare Diseases Coordinating Centre, Veneto Region Birth Register, University Hospital of Padua, Via Pietro Donà 11, 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - Monica Mazzucato
- Veneto Region Rare Diseases Coordinating Centre, Veneto Region Birth Register, University Hospital of Padua, Via Pietro Donà 11, 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Russo
- Directorate of Prevention, Food Safety, and Veterinary Public Health of Veneto Region, Dorsoduro, 3493, Rio Nuovo, 30123, Venezia, Italy
| | - Domenico Mantoan
- Health and Social Care Directorate, Veneto Region, Palazzo Molin, San Polo, 2514, 30125, Venezia, Italy
| | - Marco Martuzzi
- Environment and Health Impact Assessment, WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, Platz der Vereinten Nationen, 1, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tony Fletcher
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17, Tavistock Place, WC1H 9SH, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Facchin
- Veneto Region Rare Diseases Coordinating Centre, Veneto Region Birth Register, University Hospital of Padua, Via Pietro Donà 11, 35129, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Birth weight and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid: a random-effects meta-regression analysis. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e095. [PMID: 33778349 PMCID: PMC7941775 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant. Most people in developed countries have detectable serum concentrations. Lower birth weight has been associated with serum PFOS in studies world-wide, many of which have been published only recently.
Collapse
|
50
|
Zeeshan M, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Huang W, Wang Z, Zeng XY, Liu RQ, Yang BY, Hu LW, Zeng XW, Sun X, Yu Y, Dong GH. Incidence of ocular conditions associated with perfluoroalkyl substances exposure: Isomers of C8 Health Project in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105555. [PMID: 32059142 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental effects of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) on several physiological systems have been reported, but the association of PFASs with eye, one of the most sensitive and exposed organ, has never been explored. To investigate the association between eye diseases including visual impairment (VI) and PFASs isomers, a cross-sectional stratified study was conducted in 1202 Chinese population, aged 22-96 years, from Shenyang, China. A standard protocol including Snellen vision chart, slit-lamp microscopy and direct ophthalmoscopy was used to examine eye diseases/conditions relating to anterior and posterior segment of eyes. In addition, we measured the blood concentrations of 19 linear and branched PFASs at one-time point. Results indicated that blood levels of PFASs were significantly higher in eye disease group than normal group. PFASs exposure were positively associated with both combined eye diseases and individual eye diseases. Among other PFASs, linear perfluorooctane sulfonate (n-PFOS; odds ratio [OR] = 3.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.50, 4.56), branched perfluorooctane sulfonate (Br-PFOS; OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.72, 2.93) and linear perfluorooctanoic acid (n-PFOA; OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.37) significantly increases the odds of VI. Vitreous disorder was adversely associated with long-chain PFASs exposure. For example, perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA; OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.51, 2.29) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA; OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.36) showed the most significant association. In conclusion, this study suggests higher serum PFASs levels were associated with increase odds of VI and vitreous disorder in Chinese adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Zeeshan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yunqing Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenzhong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenomes, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21205, USA
| | - Xiao-Yun Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital. No.87 Danan Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110011, China.
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|