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Kazmiruk TN, Alava JJ, Palsson E, Bendell LI. Sorption of trace metals by macro- and microplastics within intertidal sediments: Insights from a long-term field study within Burrard Inlet, British Columbia, Canada. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175413. [PMID: 39137846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Plastics are now the dominant fraction of anthropogenic marine debris and as a result of their long residence times, it is important to determine the threats that plastics present to marine ecosystems including their ability to sorb a diversity of environmental pollutants such as trace metals. To address this knowledge gap, this study examined the sorption of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) by macro- and microplastics of polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) within marine intertidal sediments in a human-impacted area of Burrard Inlet (British Columbia, Canada). Trace metal sorption by macro- and microplastics was dependent on 1) polymer characteristics, notably the aging of the plastic over the duration of the field experiment as shown by the formation of new peaks via FTIR spectra; and 2) amounts of sediment organic matter, where the sorption of trace metals by the plastic particles decreased with increasing organic matter content (from 2.8 % to 15.8 %). Plastic particles play a minor role in trace metals sorption in the presence of organic matter at high concentrations as a result of competitive adsorption. Overall, the interaction of trace metals with sediment plastics was highly dynamic and to understand the key processes controlling this dynamic requires further study. This work contributed to our understanding on metal-plastic interactions in coastal intertidal sediments from urban environments and serve to support plastic pollution risk management and bioremediation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara N Kazmiruk
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Juan José Alava
- Ocean Pollution Research Unit (OPRU), Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, AERL 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of Resources and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Eirikur Palsson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Leah I Bendell
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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2
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Yoon S, Lee J, Jang T, Choi JH, Ko M, Kim HO, Ha SJ, Lim KS, Park JA. Assessing the abundance, sources, and potential ecological risk assessment of microplastics using their particle and mass units in Uiam Lake, South Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 360:124654. [PMID: 39098638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) enter lakes through various pathways, including effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), surface runoff, and improperly disposed of plastic waste. In this study, the extent of MPs pollution in Uiam Lake in fall of 2022 and spring of 2023 was assessed by determining both the number (n/m3) and mass concentrations (μg/m3) of MPs. Moreover, the correlation between water quality parameters and MP properties was analyzed, and an ecological risk assessment was conducted. MPs abundance was higher in spring than in fall, probably due to the lifting of coronavirus disease-19 restrictions, melting of ice, higher rainfall, and faster wind speed. Fragment was the dominant shape of the MPs collected, while polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyester/polyethylene terephthalate were the frequently detected polymer types of MPs in fall and spring, respectively. There was a moderate positive correlation between the number concentration of MPs and the total nitrogen, total phosphorus (T-P), and total organic carbon levels; in contrast, there was no significant relationship between the mass concentration of MPs and all water quality parameters. However, the abundance (μg/m3) of PVC and polymethyl methacrylate MPs were positively correlated with T-P and electrical conductivity. The pollution load index, polymer hazard index, and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were generally higher when the mass unit of MPs was used due to the presence of large-sized MPs composed of highly hazardous polymers (e.g., polyurethane, PVC, and alkyd). For instance, the PERI value of the WWTP effluent was at the very high level (>1200) in both seasons, regardless of the abundance unit of MPs. Therefore, WWTP effluents may have increased the ecological toxicity of MPs pollution in Uiam Lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeong Yoon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyoung Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesoon Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyuk Choi
- Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingi Ko
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ouk Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Division of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Smart Health Science and Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Jin Ha
- Department of Bioengineering, Division of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Smart Health Science and Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Suk Lim
- Department of Bioengineering, Division of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Smart Health Science and Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ann Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Zuo Y, Ge Y, Wang R, Xu W, Liu C, Guo Z, Wang S, Jia H, Li Y. Occurrence and migration patterns of microplastics in different tidal zones of tourist beaches: A case study in the Bohai Bay, North China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 370:122479. [PMID: 39288492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Coastal areas are acknowledged to be significant reservoirs of microplastics, while limited research on their presence and migration in the intertidal zones. This study investigated in a tourist beach in northern China, to reveal the occurrence of microplastics at different intertidal heights, elucidates their migration patterns, and discusses the impact of tourist activities on microplastics. Results showed that the mean microplastic abundance was 2114.8 ± 933.2 items/kg in sediments and 30,670.8 ± 15,094.9 items/m3 in seawater. Fibers were the most common shape; transparent, blue, green and black prevailed in color; and cellulose and PET were the most common components. Microplastic abundances decreased from high tide zone to low tide zone, and the abundances of microplastics in seawater were positively correlated with those in the high tide zone and negatively correlated with those in the low tide zone. Compared to wave disturbance, human activities have a relatively limited impact on microplastic abundance. However, intensive tourist activities contribute to a higher diversity of microplastic types on tourist beaches. This study enhances the understanding of the occurrence and migration patterns of microplastics in tourist beaches, and provides a valuable dataset and theoretical basis for subsequent research on microplastic pollution in coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Zuo
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Yawen Ge
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China.
| | - Ruolin Wang
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Wanqiang Xu
- Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, PR China
| | - Changhong Liu
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Zixiao Guo
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Huiyuan Jia
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Yuecong Li
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
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Li H, Jiang D, Wang Y, Liu J, Jiang K. Convenient determination of polystyrene microplastics in soils by gel permeation chromatography-ultraviolet detection analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135127. [PMID: 38986417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), especially polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), have emerged a new worldwide pollutant, prompting significant public concern regarding their detection in environmental media. Analysis of PS-MPs in soil remains as a challenging task for analysts due to the highly intricate matrices. This work presents a practical approach for detecting PS-MPs in soil, which involves dilute HCl-assisted extraction and gel permeation chromatography- ultraviolet detection (GPC-UV) analysis. The presence of MPs in soil was confirmed through the use of a scanning electron microscope in conjunction with energy dispersive spectroscopy investigation. PS-MPs was isolated from soil, by agitating it with a diluted HCl solution, filtering the resulting liquid, and dissolving the residue on the filter with THF. The extractant was subsequently determined by GPC-UV. The introduction of a small amount of HCl into the extraction system was found to greatly expedite the settling of soil in water and enhance the efficacy of extracting PS-MPs in about 30 min. The linear range of PS-MPs was from 1.0 to 100 μg/mL with R2 > 0.999. Good reproducibility was obtained with the intra-day relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 3) of 1.36 % and the inter-day RSD (n = 3) of 4.78 %. The concentration of PS-MPs in soil samples were N.D. - 2.33 μg/g, and the good recoveries were 76.7-100.3 %. The corresponding AFGEEprer score was calculated to be 0.59, indicating the concept of green analytical chemistry for the pretreatment method. These results indicated that this method has a powerful potential for the accurate and rapid determination of PS-MPs in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Duohao Jiang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring, Forewarning and Quality Control, Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kezhi Jiang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang Y, Fu Z, Guan D, Zhao J, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Xie J, Sun Y, Guo L. Occurrence Characteristics and Ecotoxic Effects of Microplastics in Environmental Media: a Mini Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:5484-5507. [PMID: 38158486 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The issue of environmental pollution caused by the widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) in environmental media has garnered significant attention. However, research on MPs pollution has mainly focused on aquatic ecosystems in recent years. The sources and pollution characteristics of MPs in the environment, especially in solid waste, have not been well-described. Additionally, there are few reports on the ecotoxicity of MPs, which highlights the need to fill this gap. This review first summarizes the occurrence characteristics of MPs in water, soil, and marine environments, and then provides an overview of their toxic effects on organisms and the relevant mechanisms. This paper also provides an outlook on the hotspots of research on pollution characterization and ecotoxicity of MPs. Finally, this review aims to provide insights for future ecotoxicity control of MPs. Overall, this paper expands our understanding of the pollution characteristics and ecological toxicity of MPs in current environmental media, providing forward-looking guidance for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Zhou Fu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Dezheng Guan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao Jiebao Ecological Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Qingxin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao Jiebao Ecological Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jingliang Xie
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China.
| | - Liang Guo
- China Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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6
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Tuong Vy NT, Nha Khanh DN, Hai Khoa L, Tan Phat N, Kim Phuong L, Mon D, Tuan Nhi P, Mong Lan NT, Ngoc Thanh D, The Anh N, Lan Anh TN, Minh Dan L, Nhat Tri H, Kim Phuong NT. Assessment of microplastics pollution level on clam farming and bathing beaches: a case study of Thanh Phu in Ben Tre, Vietnam. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38975744 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2377306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This study focused on the investigation microplastics (MPs) with a size of ≤1.0 mm in sand samples from Thanh Phu beach, Ben Tre, Vietnam. MPs in sand from the clam beach (from 39.67 ± 6.67 to 92.00 ± 12.93 items kg-1 dried sand) were higher than those from the bathing beach (from 21.33 ± 8.76 to 51.67 ± 16.11 items kg-1 dried sand), indicating a direct contribution of MPs from coastal aquaculture. For the clam beach, MPs in surface samples (0-4 cm) were lower than in deep samples (4-6 cm). In contrast, MPs in surface samples (0-2 cm) from the bathing beach were higher than deep samples (2-5 cm). A combination of microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy methods confirmed that 62.5% of the representative MPs samples or 18.9% of the suspected MPs samples were plastics. Low-density polyethylene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate were the largest in abundance. Further studies are needed to assess the environmental risk of MPs accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngo Thi Tuong Vy
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Dang Nguyen Nha Khanh
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Hai Khoa
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tan Phat
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Lieu Kim Phuong
- Hochiminh City Institute of Resources Geography, Tay Nguyen Institute of Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Danh Mon
- Hochiminh City Institute of Resources Geography, Tay Nguyen Institute of Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Pham Tuan Nhi
- Hochiminh City Institute of Resources Geography, Tay Nguyen Institute of Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Mong Lan
- Hochiminh City Institute of Resources Geography, Tay Nguyen Institute of Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Do Ngoc Thanh
- Faculty of Geology, University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen The Anh
- Department of Chemistry, Bui Thi Xuan Highschool, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | | | - Le Minh Dan
- Department of Chemistry, Bui Thi Xuan Highschool, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Huynh Nhat Tri
- Department of Chemistry, Bui Thi Xuan Highschool, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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7
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Patra KB, Baitharu I. Assessment of microplastics and associated ecological risk in the Hirakud Reservoir, Odisha, India. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2024; 22:1017-1032. [PMID: 38935453 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2024.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic has emerged as a global threat owing to its chronic ubiquity and persistence. Microplastics' small size expedites their ingestion at each trophic level causing biomagnification and bioaccumulation, which has raised public concerns. The present study isolated, quantified and characterized the abundance, shape, size, color, and chemical composition of the microplastics from water and sediments of the Hirakud Reservoir through a scanning electron microscope and FTIR. The ecological risk associated with the microplastics was assessed using the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) method to derive the Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) value and risk quotient (RQ). The abundance of microplastics in the surface water and sediments of the Hirakud Reservoir was estimated at 82-89 particles/L and 159-163 particles/kg, respectively. Fiber-shaped microplastics dominated both surface water (46.21%) and sediment samples (44.86%). Small-sized microplastics (53-300 μm) prevailed in all samples. Color delineation exhibited an abundance of transparent microplastics. Chemical characterization indicated the dominance of polypropylene (38%), followed by high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, and polystyrene. The calculated PNEC value was 3,954 particles/m3, and the RQ was estimated to be 0.02073-0.04122 indicating negligible ecological risk to freshwater species in all the sampling sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Bala Patra
- P. G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha 768019, India
| | - Iswar Baitharu
- P. G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha 768019, India E-mail:
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Lin H, Li X, Hu W, Yu S, Li X, Lei L, Yang F, Luo Y. Landscape and risk assessment of microplastic contamination in farmed oysters and seawater along the coastline of China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134169. [PMID: 38565022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution poses a significant threat to marine ecosystem and seafood safety. However, comprehensive and comparable assessments of MP profiles and their ecological and health in Chinese farming oysters are lacking. This study utilized laser infrared imaging spectrometer (LDIR) to quantify MPs in oysters and its farming seawater at 18 sites along Chinese coastlines. Results revealed a total of 3492 MPs in farmed oysters and seawater, representing 34 MP types, with 20-100 µm MP fragments being the dominant. Polyurethane (PU) emerged as the predominant MP type in oysters, while polysulfones were more commonly detected in seawater. Notably, oysters from the Bohai Sea exhibited a higher abundance of MPs (13.62 ± 2.02 items/g) and estimated daily microplastic intake (EDI, 2.14 ± 0.26 items/g/kg·bw/day), indicating a greater potential health risk in the area. Meanwhile, seawater from the Yellow Sea displayed a higher level (193.0 ± 110.7 items/L), indicating a greater ecological risk in this region. Given the pervasiveness and abundance of PU and its high correlation with other MP types, we proposed PU as a promising indicator for monitoring and assessing the risk MP pollution in mariculture in China. These findings provide valuable insights into the extent and characteristics of MP pollution in farmed oysters and seawater in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wenjin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shenbo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Liusheng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Fengxia Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Tural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Kumar M, Naik DK, Maharana D, Das M, Jaiswal E, Naik AS, Kumari N. Sediment-associated microplastics in Chilika lake, India: Highlighting their prevalence, polymer types, possible sources, and ecological risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169707. [PMID: 38184253 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The primary objective of this research was to assess microplastics (MPs) in the sediments of Chilika lake. MPs were extracted from 22 sediment samples using the density separation method combined with vacuum pump filtration. A stereo-zoom microscope and Raman spectroscopy were employed to identify the sediment-associated MPs. The total MPs collected from all 22 sites was 440 ± 3.53 particles kg-1 wet sediments, with sizes ranging between 50 and 500 μm. In terms of morphology, fibers and fragments emerged as the dominant MP types, with counts of 210 ± 1.66 and 175 ± 1.76 particles kg-1 wet sediments, respectively. Raman spectroscopy verified the presence of various MP polymers in the sediments, predominantly HDPE (37 %), followed by PS (20 %), PET (18 %), PA (11 %), PP (7 %), and PC (7 %). A notable color variation was observed in MPs; black being the most prevalent (38.8 %), succeeded by blue (19.5 %), green (11.8 %), white (11.5 %), red (10.6 %), and transparent (7.5 %). ANOVA results indicated significant (p > 0.05) variations in MP abundance across the 22 sampling locations. However, principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple regression analysis indicated that water quality parameters did not significantly influence MP abundance, yet it was found that MP retention was higher in fine-grained sediments like clay and silt. The leading sources of MPs in Chilika lake were found to be aquafarming, trailed by river and sewage discharges, fishing activities, antifouling coatings and tourism. Additionally, the pollution load index (PLI) was employed to gauge the ecological risks, categorizing the lake under risk category 1, which implies a minimal level of MPs pollution. This research aims to serve as an early warning system for MPs pollution in productive brackish water habitats globally, including Chilika lake, guiding policymakers towards appropriate management strategies and preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Geology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Naik
- Department of Geology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Dusmant Maharana
- School of Sciences, P. P. Savani University, Kosamba, Surat 394125, Gujarat, India; Department of Marine Sciences, Berhampur University, Berhampur 760007, Odisha, India.
| | - Moumita Das
- Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ekta Jaiswal
- Department of Geology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India; Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amiya Shankar Naik
- Department of Geology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Kumari
- Department of Geology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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10
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Akca MO, Gündoğdu S, Akca H, Delialioğlu RA, Aksit C, Turgay OC, Harada N. An evaluation on microplastic accumulations in Turkish soils under different land uses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 911:168609. [PMID: 37984660 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is now widely reported in soil ecosystems. However, the level of this pollution in soil ecosystems has not been sufficiently elucidated. Moreover, there is little understanding of how land use conditions affect the occurrence and distribution of MPs in soils. Therefore, this study examined 55 soil samples (44 agricultural and 11 urban) from the Mediterranean, Aegean, and Marmara regions of Türkiye, representing both agricultural and urban land uses. The samples were analyzed for MP distribution characteristics, such as abundance, shape, size, color, and type. Different types of MPs were detected in the soil samples, and their averages in agricultural and urban soils were 192.7 ± 14.2 and 127.3 ± 21.6 particles kg-1, respectively. MP abundance in the soil exhibited variations between different land uses, with agricultural areas showing higher levels compared to urban areas. In agricultural soils, MPs were predominantly blue-colored (44.6 %), in the form of fibers (74.9 %), smaller than 1000 μm (66.1 %), and primarily constituted polyethylene (90.8 %). In urban areas, MPs were also blue-colored (54.7 %), had a fiber shape (64.2 %), smaller than 1000 μm (70.6 %), and mostly belonged to the polyethylene category (78.5 %). A significant difference in MP concentrations was observed between agricultural and urban areas, reflecting the influence of distinct land uses on MP levels. Moreover, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that soil properties, including pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, aggregate stability, average weight diameter, sand, clay, and silt, emerged as the primary determinants influencing the abundance and size of MPs within the soil. These findings contribute valuable insights into the origins of soil MPs and the intricate connections between MPs and varying soil characteristics across diverse land use categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhittin Onur Akca
- Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 06110 Ankara, Türkiye; Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 950-2181 Niigata, Japan.
| | - Sedat Gündoğdu
- Çukurova University, Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Basic Sciences, 01330 Adana, Türkiye
| | - Hanife Akca
- Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 06110 Ankara, Türkiye; Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 950-2181 Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Cenk Aksit
- Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry General Directorate of Agricultural Research And Policies, 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Oguz Can Turgay
- Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 06110 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Naoki Harada
- Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 950-2181 Niigata, Japan
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11
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Bentaallah MEA, Baghdadi D, Gündoğdu S, Megharbi A, Taibi NE, Büyükdeveci F. Assessment of microplastic abundance and impact on recreational beaches along the western Algerian coastline. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:116007. [PMID: 38176161 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.116007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have attracted global attention due to their ubiquity and potential impact on the environment. However, MPs are poorly documented along the Algerian coast. To address this data gap, this study investigated the presence of MPs on three recreational beaches in western Algeria (Stidia, Sablettes and Mersat El Hadjaj). The mean MP abundance for the three beaches was estimated at 55.47 ± 48.01 items/m2. Characterization of MPs shape revealed that fragments (79.81 %) were dominant, followed by pellets (10.58 %), filaments (5.57 %), and foam (3.85 %). An assessment of the Microplastic Pollution Index, the Pellet Pollution Index, and the Coefficient of Microplastic Impact, revealed the presence of very low to moderate levels of MPs on the beaches. This presence was associated with minimal beach pollution and moderate overall impact. The sector analysis approach results confirm that there are two different magnitudes of MPs presence that can negatively impact on the environmental quality of the studied beaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed El Amine Bentaallah
- Laboratory of environment and sustainable development, biological sciences department, Relizane university, Algeria.
| | - Djilali Baghdadi
- Laboratory of environment and sustainable development, biological sciences department, Relizane university, Algeria
| | - Sedat Gündoğdu
- Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, 1330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Ahmed Megharbi
- Laboratory of environment and sustainable development, biological sciences department, Relizane university, Algeria
| | - Nasr-Eddine Taibi
- Laboratory of Protection, Valorisation of Marine and Coastal Resources, and Molecular Systematics, Faculty of Nature & Life Science, Mostaganem university, Algeria
| | - Ferhat Büyükdeveci
- Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, 1330 Adana, Turkey; Adana Directorate of Provincial Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Adana, Turkey
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12
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Banik P, Anisuzzaman M, Bhattacharjee S, Marshall DJ, Yu J, Nur AAU, Jolly YN, Mamun MA, Paray BA, Bappy MMM, Bhuiyan T, Hossain MB. Quantification, characterization and risk assessment of microplastics from five major estuaries along the northern Bay of Bengal coast. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123036. [PMID: 38030111 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) as hazardous contaminants has drawn the rapid attention of the general public due to their omnipresence and adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. Despite this, understanding of MPs contamination levels in the estuarine ecosystems along the Bay of Bengal coast remains very limited. This research focused on the presence, spatial distribution, morpho-chemical characteristics and ecological implications of MPs in water and sediment from five key estuaries (Meghna, Karnaphuli, Matamuhuri, Bakkhali, and Naf rivers) within the Bengal delta. Out of the five estuaries, the Meghna exhibited the least amount of MPs in both surface water (150.00 ± 65.62 items/m3) and sediment (30.56 ± 9.34 items/kg). In contrast, the highest occurrence of MPs was recorded in Karnaphuli river water (350.00 ± 69.22 items/m3) and Matamuhuri river sediment (118.33 ± 26.81 items/kg). ANOVA indicated a statistically significant distinction (p < 0.01) among the examined estuaries. Most identified MPs were fibers and < 0.5 mm in size in both water and sediment samples. Transparent MPs were dominant in both water (42.28%) and sediment (45.22%). Besides violet, red, blue, pink and green colored MPs were also observed. Various polymer types, including PE, PP, PET, PS, Nylon, EVA, and ABS, were detected, with PE being the dominant one. Based on the polymer risk index (PHI), the estuaries were classified as hazard level V, signifying a severe level of MP contamination. However, the potential ecological hazardous index (PHI), potential ecological risk index (RI), and pollution load index (PLI) indicated moderate pollution levels. This study offers initial insights into the pollution caused by MPs in major estuaries of Bengal delta, which policymakers can utilize to implement suitable management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partho Banik
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anisuzzaman
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Shovon Bhattacharjee
- Biosecurity Program, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - David J Marshall
- Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, University Brunei Darussalam, Jala Tungku Link, Gadong, BE, 1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Jimmy Yu
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - As-Ad Ujjaman Nur
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin N Jolly
- Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al- Mamun
- Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Bilal Ahamad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Maheen Mahmud Bappy
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Tabarok Bhuiyan
- Department of Oceanography, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - M Belal Hossain
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, 3814, Bangladesh; School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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13
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Hong P, Xiao J, Liu H, Niu Z, Ma Y, Wang Q, Zhang D, Ma Y. An inversion model of microplastics abundance based on satellite remote sensing: a case study in the Bohai Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168537. [PMID: 37979861 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, microplastics (MPs) as emerging contaminants have posed great risks to marine ecosystems and human health. However, non-continuous field sampling data makes it difficult to meet the needs of scientific research and pollution control of marine MPs. Consequently, the development of rapid monitoring techniques for marine MPs to achieve efficient acquisition of data is increasingly essential. Remote sensing technology provides a convenient and effective tool for monitoring and mapping marine MPs pollution. Therefore, we established an inversion model based on multiple regression by combining the remote sensing data and the measured data to predict the MPs pollution status in the Bohai Sea. The feature variables of a model are crucial to the prediction, and we proposed three methods of variable selection, namely successive projections algorithm (SPA), band combination method, and remote sensing index method. By comparing accuracy evaluation metrics, an approach based on SPA was selected to analyze the abundance and spatio-temporal distribution of MPs in the Bohai Sea in 2022. The determination coefficient of the SPA model is 0.75, and the root mean square error is 0.38 items/m3. The error of the model is within an acceptable range. It was found that the MPs abundance on the sea surface of the Bohai Sea varied significantly in different seasons and regions. This study indicates that satellite remote sensing technology has great potential in monitoring marine MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Hong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingen Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhiguang Niu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yini Ma
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Dianjun Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yongzheng Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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14
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Li B, Song J, Guan M, Chen Z, Tang B, Long Y, Mao R, Zhao J, Xu W, Zhang Y. With spatial distribution, risk evaluation of heavy metals and microplastics to emphasize the composite mechanism in hyporheic sediments of Beiluo River. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132784. [PMID: 37866143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the hazardous impacts of heavy metals (HMs) enrichment on the surface of microplastics (MPs) in the hyporheic zone. The present work analyzed the spatial distribution and risk evaluation of HMs (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) and MPs and the mechanism of HMs enrichment on MPs in the sediments. The highest rates of contamination were for Cd, Pb, and As. The main types of MPs were fiber, blue, and a size smaller than 500 µm. The lower reaches of the Beiluo River had the most serious HMs and MPs pollution, especially BL-10 (HMs: CF-Cd, 41.91; EF-Cd, 50.87; Igeo-Cd, 4.80; RI, 1291; PN, 29.83; MPs: abundance, 890 ± 18 items/kg). Meanwhile, the principal component analysis showed that natural, industrial activities, and agricultural production and transportation were primary HMs sources in sediments, and Cd, Co, and Pb were the main enriched metals on the surface of MPs. More importantly, regarding the interaction mechanism of these composite pollutants, we concluded that electrostatic adsorption and biofilm mediation were the main mechanisms of the synergistic effect. Overall, our findings provide a theoretical basis for further research on the ecotoxicity of composite pollutants in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jinxi Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; Yellow River Institute of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Mingchang Guan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yongqing Long
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Ruichen Mao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jiawei Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Wenjin Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
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15
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Cordova MR, Ulumuddin YI, Purbonegoro T, Puspitasari R, Rositasari R, Yogaswara D, Kaisupy MT, Wibowo SPA, Subandi R, Sani SY, Sulistiowati S, Nugraheni IK, Rahman L, Rahmawati, Al Rahmadhani S, Khoirunnisa TA, Nurhasanah, Muhtadi A, Lestari SP, Cragg SM. Abundance and characterization of microplastic pollution in the wildlife reserve, Ramsar site, recreational areas, and national park in northern Jakarta and Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 348:140761. [PMID: 37995977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study to evaluate the presence and distribution of microplastics in sediments in the regions with a unique degree of complexity, such as wildlife reserve areas, a Ramsar site that connects directly to Greater Jakarta's mainland, recreational islands, and a marine national park. Microplastics of varying sizes and shapes are found in all places, with an increase trend in the abundance toward areas near to the epicenter of human activity. Comparatively to other marine protected areas, the amount of microplastics discovered is comparable; however, there is an upward trend. Season influences microplastic accumulation, with the dry season causing the greater accumulation. Small-sized microplastics and microplastics resulting from large plastic fragments were predominantly discovered. The properties of microplastics in the study region are dominated by polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and nylon. Additional in-depth research and waste reduction from all sources that involve all stakeholders are required to reduce the amount of contaminants entering the protected area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Reza Cordova
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Yaya Ihya Ulumuddin
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Triyoni Purbonegoro
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rachma Puspitasari
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ricky Rositasari
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Deny Yogaswara
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Taufik Kaisupy
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Singgih Prasetyo Adi Wibowo
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Riyana Subandi
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sofia Yuniar Sani
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, 14430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - S Sulistiowati
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Jl. Agatis Gedung Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Intan Kusumastuti Nugraheni
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Jl. Agatis Gedung Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Lucky Rahman
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Jl. Agatis Gedung Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Rahmawati
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Jl. Agatis Gedung Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Safitri Al Rahmadhani
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Jl. Agatis Gedung Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Tyara Aprilani Khoirunnisa
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Jl. Agatis Gedung Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Nurhasanah
- Environmental Studies Graduate Program, Universitas Terbuka, Jl. Cabe Raya, Pondok Cabe, Pamulang Tangerang Selatan, 15418, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Muhtadi
- Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jl. Prof. A. Sofyan No. 3, Medan, 20222, Indonesia
| | | | - Simon M Cragg
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom; Centre for Blue Governance, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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16
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Wang K, Liu Y, Shi X, Zhao S, Sun B, Lu J, Li W. Characterization and traceability analysis of dry deposition of atmospheric microplastics (MPs) in Wuliangsuhai Lake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:168201. [PMID: 37918738 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) represent a contaminant of emerging concern that may negatively impact lacustrine ecosystems. It is important, then, to manage and reduce the influx of MPs to lakes, a process that requires the identification of MP sources. In this study, atmospheric MP samples were collected and analyzed from 6 sampling sites in the Wuliangsuhai Lake area from March to June 2021, and used to determine atmospheric depositional fluxes of MPs to the lake surface. The sources of MPs were also explored on the basis of MP characteristics and by determining atmospheric flow patterns to the sampling sites using a backward trajectory model (HYSPLIT). The average atmospheric depositional flux of MPs to the Wuliangsuhai Lake area (3371 ± 1423 n/d·m2) is several times higher than rates measured in other areas. MPs were predominately composed of small (0.05-0.5 mm), transparent fibers; a small percentage of particles consisted of fragments, thin films, or lumpy MPs. Compositionally, most MPs were composed of polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polystyrene (PS). The former polymer types are indicative of fibers from textiles, including those from textile plants in adjacent cites. The latter (PS) type is presumably derived from degraded food containers and other items associated with tourism. PE was also identified in association with thin films, which were likely derived from bags and/or agricultural plastics. MP characteristics, combined with spatial variations in depositional rates and the results of the backward trajectory model, suggest most atmospherically deposited MPs in the Wuliangsuhai Lake area were transported to the sampling sites from large cities external to the basin, and, to a much lesser degree, areas of tourism within the lake environment. The results of the study provide a theoretical basis for assessing atmospheric MP deposition within inland lake areas as well as for the prevention and control of MP pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Xiaohong Shi
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
| | - Shengnan Zhao
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
| | - Biao Sun
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
| | - Junping Lu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
| | - Wenbao Li
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
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17
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Pan J, Zhang Q, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Guo X. Occurrence of microplastics in agricultural soils in ecologically fragile areas of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166350. [PMID: 37591376 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The pollution caused by microplastics (MPs), an emerging pollutant, has been receiving continuous concern. However, the distribution characteristics of MPs in ecologically fragile areas (EFAs), which are sensitive to environmental change and pollution, are still unclear. Here, the abundance and pollution characteristics of MPs in agricultural soils in four typical EFAs in China, namely semiarid farming-pastoral area (SFPA), desert-oasis interlaced area (DOIA), plateau composite erosion area (PCEA) and southwest karst area (SWKA) were investigated. MPs were detected in all agricultural soil samples with a mean abundance of 2685 ± 938 n/kg. DOIA (3193 ± 630 n/kg) had the largest abundance of MPs in agricultural soils, followed by SWKA (2948 ± 819 n/kg), SFPA (2920 ± 935 n/kg), and PCEA (1680 ± 320 n/kg). MPs in four EFAs were mostly small size (0-0.49 mm), accounted for 81.71 %. Fragmented and pelleted MPs were the main shapes, occupying for 51.26 % and 28.53 %, respectively. In addition, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was applied to determine the polymer types of MPs and to assess the pollution risk of MPs, which ranged from 157 to 938, indicating a moderate to high risk. The results revealed that EFAs located in remote inland areas were considerably polluted by MPs, close to the developed coastal areas. This study provided systematic data on MPs pollution of EFAs, which is crucial in preventing further environmental degradation and promoting ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrui Pan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, China.
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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18
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Pham CK, Estevez SG, Pereira JM, Herrera L, Rodríguez Y, Domínguez-Hernández C, Villanova-Solano C, Hernández-Sánchez C, Díaz-Peña FJ, Hernández-Borges J. Three-dimensional evaluation of beaches of oceanic islands as reservoirs of plastic particles in the open ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165798. [PMID: 37506916 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of plastic debris on beaches has been extensively used as an indicator of plastic pollution in the marine environment. However, most efforts have focused on surface layers, with few investigations looking deeper into the substrate, thus underestimating total standing stocks. Such information is crucial to improve our understanding of where plastic accumulates in the oceans. In this study, we investigated the three-dimensional distribution of plastic (>1 mm) in three sandy beaches located in oceanic islands of the North Atlantic (Azores and the Canary Islands) that are known to accumulate significant quantities of small plastic debris at the surface layer. On each beach, we collected a total of 16 sediment cores down to 1 m depth, from the high tide line up to the backshore following a stratified random sampling design spread across four different levels across the beach. Samples were taken every 10 cm down to 1 m into the sand. Our results revealed the presence of plastic items in the deepest layers with subsurface layers accounting for 84 % of the total plastic abundance and with a similar pattern in terms of size, shape, colour and composition. Furthermore, we found increasing plastic concentrations towards the upper levels of the beach, indicating longer term accumulation in the backshore. Collectively, this study suggests that the plastic items reaching sandy beaches of the Macaronesia are being incorporated into its deepest layers, acting as reservoirs of plastic in the open ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K Pham
- Instituto de Investigação em Ciências do Mar - OKEANOS, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal.
| | - Sofia G Estevez
- Instituto de Investigação em Ciências do Mar - OKEANOS, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal
| | - João M Pereira
- Instituto de Investigação em Ciências do Mar - OKEANOS, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal
| | - Laura Herrera
- Instituto de Investigação em Ciências do Mar - OKEANOS, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal
| | - Yasmina Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigação em Ciências do Mar - OKEANOS, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal
| | - Cristopher Domínguez-Hernández
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Cristina Villanova-Solano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Cintia Hernández-Sánchez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Francisco J Díaz-Peña
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández-Borges
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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19
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Chen Q, Wang J, Yao F, Zhang W, Qi X, Gao X, Liu Y, Wang J, Zou M, Liang P. A review of recent progress in the application of Raman spectroscopy and SERS detection of microplastics and derivatives. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:465. [PMID: 37953347 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06044-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The global environmental concern surrounding microplastic (MP) pollution has raised alarms due to its potential health risks to animals, plants, and humans. Because of the complex structure and composition of microplastics (MPs), the detection methods are limited, resulting in restricted detection accuracy. Surface enhancement of Raman spectroscopy (SERS), a spectral technique, offers several advantages, such as high resolution and low detection limit. It has the potential to be extensively employed for sensitive detection and high-resolution imaging of microplastics. We have summarized the research conducted in recent years on the detection of microplastics using Raman and SERS. Here, we have reviewed qualitative and quantitative analyses of microplastics and their derivatives, as well as the latest progress, challenges, and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jiamiao Wang
- College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Fuqi Yao
- College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xiaohua Qi
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine (CAIQ), Beijing, 100123, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Research Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Research Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Research Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Mingqiang Zou
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine (CAIQ), Beijing, 100123, China.
| | - Pei Liang
- College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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20
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Zhou M, Yanai H, Yap CK, Emmanouil C, Okamura H. Anthropogenic Microparticles in Sea-Surface Microlayer in Osaka Bay, Japan. J Xenobiot 2023; 13:685-703. [PMID: 37987445 PMCID: PMC10660477 DOI: 10.3390/jox13040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The abundance, distribution, and composition of microparticles (MPs) in the sea-surface microlayer (S-SML, less than 100 μm of sea surface in this experiment) and in bulk water (1 m under the sea surface) were investigated to evaluate the pollution level of MPs in Osaka Bay in Japan. Both seawater fractions were collected at eight sites including ship navigation routes, the coastal area, and the center of Osaka Bay for 2021-2023. MPs were filtered for four size ranges (10-53, 53-125, 125-500, and >500 μm) and then digested with H2O2. MPs' abundance was microscopically assessed; and polymer types of MPs were identified by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). For the 22 collections performed along eight sites, the average MPs' abundance was 903 ± 921 items/kg for S-SML, while for the 25 collections performed along the same sites, the average MPs' abundance was 55.9 ± 40.4 items/kg for bulk water, respectively. MPs in both S-SML and bulk water exhibited their highest abundance along the navigation routes. The smallest MPs (10-53 μm) accounted for 81.2% and for 62.2% of all MPs in S-SML and in bulk water among all sites, respectively. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was the major type of MPs identified while minor ones were polyethylene, polyesters, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, etc. PMMA comprised 95.1% of total MPs in S-SML and 45.6% of total MPs in bulk water. In addition, PMMA accounted for 96.6% in S-SML and 49.5% in bulk water for the smallest MP category (10-53 μm). It can be assumed that the MP sources were marine paints-primarily APPs (antifouling paint particles)-as well as land coatings. Sea pollution due to microparticles from ship vessels should be given proper attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan; (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (C.K.Y.)
| | - Hirofumi Yanai
- Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan; (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (C.K.Y.)
| | - Chee Kong Yap
- Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan; (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (C.K.Y.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Christina Emmanouil
- School of Spatial Planning and Development, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Hideo Okamura
- Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan
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21
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Tasnim J, Ahmed MK, Hossain KB, Islam MS. Spatiotemporal distribution of microplastic debris in the surface beach sediment of the southeastern coast of Bangladesh. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21864. [PMID: 38058634 PMCID: PMC10695837 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study undertakes a spatiotemporal analysis of microplastic pollution in surface beach sediments, covering 7 coastal beaches in Bangladesh and two seasons-monsoon and winter. The concentration of microplastics extracted from the surface beach sediment is 242.86 particles/kg dw. The results showed both significant seasonal (p value = 0.001) and spatial (p value = 0.004) variation. The abundance and polymer types were significantly higher (57 %) in winter than in the monsoon season (43 %). Touristic and commercial beaches showed higher levels of microplastic pollution than the non-touristic beaches. Polyethylene (28.8 %) and Polypropylene (27.6 %) were the most abundant polymer. The most dominant coloration of microplastics was white (42.6 %). The majority of the microplastics were fibers (33.5 %). Smallest particles measuring <1 mm constituted nearly half of the total microplastics load (48.5 %). This baseline data can be useful in terms of coastal zone management for the southeastern coastal beaches of Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarin Tasnim
- Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kawser Ahmed
- Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- International Centre for Ocean Governance (ICOG), Faculty of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Belayet Hossain
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Muhammad Saiful Islam
- Fiber and Polymer Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
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22
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Lloyd-Jones T, Dick JJ, Lane TP, Cunningham EM, Kiriakoulakis K. Occurrence and sources of microplastics on Arctic beaches: Svalbard. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115586. [PMID: 37832496 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is recognised as a major global environmental concern, especially within marine environments. The small size of microplastics (< 5 mm) make them readily available for ingestion by organisms in all trophic levels. Here, four beach sites in Adventfjorden on the west coast of Svalbard, were sampled with the aim of investigating the occurrence and abundance of microplastics on beaches to assess potential sources of microplastic pollution. High variability in microplastic amount, type and polymers were found at all sites ranging from means of 0.7 n/g (number) at the remotest site and 2.2 n/g (number) at the site closest to Longyearbyen. Statistical analyses suggested that patterns observed were linked to direct proximity to human activities through land uses and effluent discharge. These findings point to an increased importance of localised factors on driving elevated microplastic pollution in beach sediments over oceanic controls in remote but inhabited Arctic locations and have important implications for our understanding and future assessments of microplastic pollution in such settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesni Lloyd-Jones
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Jonathan J Dick
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Timothy P Lane
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Eoghan M Cunningham
- Queen's University Marine Laboratory, Queen's University Belfast, 12-13 The Strand, Portaferry BT22 1PF, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Konstadinos Kiriakoulakis
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
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23
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Purushothaman A, Vishnudattan NK, Nehala SP, Meghamol MD, Neethu KV, Joseph J, Nandan SB, Padmakumar KB, Thomas LC. Patterns and variability in the microplastic contamination along the southwest coast of India with emphasis on submarine groundwater discharge sites. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115432. [PMID: 37639866 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Beach sediments of the southwest coast of India were analysed to estimate the microplastic contamination with emphasis on the submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) zones. Both SGD and non-SGD sites were assessed for abundance, morphotype and polymer type of microplastics. Microplastic load was 230.429 ± 62.87 particles per 100 g. Fibre, mainly blue, was the abundant morphotype, followed by fragment, foam and film. The polymer types were POLYETHYLENE (PE) (30.77 %), POLYPROPYLENE (PP) (26.92 %), POLYAMIDE (PA) (19.23 %), POLYSTYRENE (PS) (11.54 %), ETHYLENE VINYL ACETATE (EVA) (7.692 %) and POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) (3.846 %). The SGD zones exhibited higher microplastic contamination with statistically significant variations from non SGD sites. The study accounts the levels of microplastic contamination along the southwest coast of India, a major fishery zone. The higher abundance of microplastic in the SGD zones indicates the significance of subterranean groundwater through flow as a pathway of anthropogenic contaminants towards marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Purushothaman
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 16, Kerala, India
| | - N K Vishnudattan
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 16, Kerala, India
| | - S P Nehala
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 16, Kerala, India
| | - M D Meghamol
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 16, Kerala, India
| | - K V Neethu
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 16, Kerala, India
| | - Jorphin Joseph
- Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 16, Kerala, India
| | - S Bijoy Nandan
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 16, Kerala, India
| | - K B Padmakumar
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 16, Kerala, India
| | - Lathika Cicily Thomas
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 16, Kerala, India.
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24
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İŞLEK Ş, BOSTAN Z, GÜNEY E, SÖNMEZ VZ. Kıyı Lagün Sedimentlerinde Mikroplastiklerin Oluşumları ve Mekansal Dağılımları: Küçükçekmece Lagünü Örneği. COMMAGENE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.31594/commagene.1223041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Nehir, haliç ve lagünler, karasal ve deniz ekosistemleri arasında bağlantıyı sağlarken, tıpkı diğer kirleticilerde olduğu gibi sediment yapılarında da mikroplastik kirliliği hakkında kapsamlı bir profil ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Küçükçekmece Lagünü’nün üç farklı sucul alanından (deniz, kanal ve göl) alınan sediment örneklerinde mikroplastik bolluğu ve karakterizasyonunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, lagünde belirlenen 5 istasyondan 12 aylık (Mart 2019 – Şubat 2020) sediment örnekleri alınmıştır. Mikroplastik ön işlemlerine tabi tutulan sediment örneklerinde, stereomikroskop ile mikroplastik bolluğu sayımı ve kategorizasyonu (boyut, tip ve renk) yapılmıştır. Ortalama mikroplastik bolluğu 2922,32±517,35 MP/kg olarak belirlenmiş olup, tespit edilen ortalama mikroplastik bolluğu değeri, ülkemizde daha önce yapılmış benzer çalışmalara kıyasla 2,4 kat daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Liflerin (%59) baskın mikroplastik tipi olduğu, baskın mikroplastik renginin siyah (%42) olduğu ve MP boyutlarının %50’sinin 1-100 μm arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Mevsimsel mikroplastik dağılımı irdelendiğinde ise, en yüksek bolluk değerlerinin yağışlı sezon olan kış aylarında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma alanında en yüksek ortalama mikroplastik bolluğuna sahip L1 istasyonu, Küçükçekmece Lagünü Bağlantı Alanı temsil etmekte olup, lagündeki tüm antropojenik baskıların hissedildiği istasyon olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışma, dünyanın diğer bölgelerindeki benzer sediment alanları için mikroplastik bolluğu ve dağılımı hakkında temsili veriler sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şevval İŞLEK
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ-CERRAHPAŞA, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, ÇEVRE MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, ÇEVRE MÜHENDİSLİĞİ PR
| | - Zeynep BOSTAN
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ-CERRAHPAŞA, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, ÇEVRE MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, ÇEVRE MÜHENDİSLİĞİ PR
| | - Ecem GÜNEY
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ-CERRAHPAŞA, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, ÇEVRE MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, ÇEVRE MÜHENDİSLİĞİ PR
| | - V. Zülal SÖNMEZ
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ-CERRAHPAŞA, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, ÇEVRE MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, ÇEVRE MÜHENDİSLİĞİ PR
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25
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Fulfer VM, Walsh JP. Extensive estuarine sedimentary storage of plastics from city to sea: Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10195. [PMID: 37353683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastics are an important new component of the global sedimentary system, and much concern exists about their transport, fate and impact. This study presents the first system-scale assessment of sedimentary storage of microplastic for an estuary, Narragansett Bay, RI (USA), and the measurements of shoreline and seabed sediments add to the growing body of literature demonstrating high coastal concentrations. Microplastic concentrations in sediments ranged from 396 to over 13,000 MP particles kg-1 dry sediment (DW), comparable to other shoreline and seafloor sites located near urban centers. As previously reported for fine sediment and other pollutants, estuarine plastic storage is extensive in Narragansett Bay, especially within the upper urbanized reaches. Over 16 trillion pieces of plastic weighing near 1000 tonnes is calculated to be stored in surface sediments of the Bay based on a power-law fit. This work highlights that estuaries may serve as a significant filter for plastic pollution, and this trapping may have negative consequences for these valuable, productive ecosystems but offer potential for efficient removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M Fulfer
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, 02882, USA.
- Coastal Resources Center, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, 02882, USA.
| | - J P Walsh
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, 02882, USA
- Coastal Resources Center, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, 02882, USA
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26
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Cai X, Chen H, Cheng J, Huang B, Jin B, Lu J. Coupling of microplastic contamination in organisms and the environment: Evidence from the tidal flat ecosystem of Hangzhou Bay, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131838. [PMID: 37320899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are a new type of contaminant, widely defined as fragmented plastics with the longest dimension or diameter less than 5 mm, that are widely distributed, difficult to degrade, and easily adsorb other pollutants. Estuaries are key habitats where terrestrial microplastics flow in water runoff and import into the ocean. The ubiquitous use of plastics has resulted in a massive amount of plastic waste that is released and accumulated in bay ecosystems, posing serious ecological impacts. The study of microplastic contamination in Hangzhou Bay, the estuary of the Qiantang River, has important theoretical value in ecology and environmental science. Microplastic contamination in the tidal flats and organisms of Hangzhou Bay is serious and microplastic characteristics (type, size, and polymer type) in organisms were significantly correlated with those in the environmental media. Spatial autocorrelation was found in the abundance of microplastics in marine and tidal flat sediments of Hangzhou Bay, China, but no spatial autocorrelation was found in the sediment environment as a whole. The microplastic abundance in each organism in this study was not statistically correlated by weight or by individual count with its corresponding trophic level (P = 0.239 > 0.05; P = 0.492 > 0.05, respectively). Our study suggests a coupling relationship of microplastic contamination between organisms and the environment and can provide essential data and a scientific foundation for the study of microplastics pollution in Hangzhou Bay, as well as provide important evidence for the ecological and health risk assessment of microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Cai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Huili Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Jie Cheng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Marine Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Bei Huang
- Marine Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Binsong Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Jianbo Lu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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27
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Jeong H, Byeon E, Kim DH, Maszczyk P, Lee JS. Heavy metals and metalloid in aquatic invertebrates: A review of single/mixed forms, combination with other pollutants, and environmental factors. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114959. [PMID: 37146547 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and metalloid occur naturally and are found throughout the Earth's crust but they are discharged into aquatic environments at high concentrations by human activities, increasing heavy metal pollution. HMs can bioaccumulate in higher organisms through the food web and consequently affect humans. In an aquatic environment, various HMs mixtures can be present. Furthermore, HMs adsorb on other environmental pollutants, such as microplastics and persistent organic pollutants, causing a synergistic or antagonistic effect on aquatic organisms. Therefore, to understand the biological and physiological effects of HMs on aquatic organisms, it is important to evaluate the effects of exposure to combinations of complex HM mixtures and/or pollutants and other environmental factors. Aquatic invertebrates occupy an important niche in the aquatic food chain as the main energy link between higher and lower organisms. The distribution of heavy metals and the resulting toxic effects in aquatic invertebrates have been extensively studied, but few reports have dealt with the relationship between HMs, pollutants, and environmental factors in biological systems with regard to biological availability and toxicity. This review describes the overall properties of individual HM and their effects on aquatic invertebrates and comprehensively reviews physiological and biochemical endpoints in aquatic invertebrates depending on interactions among HMs, other pollutants, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haksoo Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Piotr Maszczyk
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Yang Z, Arakawa H. A double sliding-window method for baseline correction and noise estimation for Raman spectra of microplastics. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 190:114887. [PMID: 37023548 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
When measuring microplastics of environmental samples, additives and attachment of biological materials may result in strong fluorescence in Raman spectra, which increases difficulty for imaging, identification, and quantification. Although there are several baseline correction methods available, user intervention is usually needed, which is not feasible for automated processes. In current study, a double sliding-window (DSW) method was proposed to estimate the baseline and standard deviation of noise. Simulated spectra and experimental spectra were used to evaluate the performance in comparison with two popular and widely used methods. Validation with simulated spectra and spectra of environmental samples showed that DSW method can accurately estimate the standard deviation of spectral noise. DSW method also showed better performance than compared methods when handling spectra of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and elevated baselines. Therefore, DSW method is a useful approach for preprocessing Raman spectra of environmental samples and automated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiang Yang
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
| | - Hisayuki Arakawa
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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29
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Sánchez-García N, Sanz-Lázaro C. Darwin's paradise contaminated by marine debris. Understanding their sources and accumulation dynamics. ☆. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:121310. [PMID: 36804143 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a global environmental threat. Remote and pristine islands are not safe from this threat. Here, we estimated beach macro- (>25 mm), meso- (5-25 mm) and microdebris (<5 mm) levels in Galapagos and studied the role of environmental variables determining their accumulation. The vast majority of beach macro- and mesodebris were plastic, while most microdebris were cellulosic. The levels of beach macro-, meso- and microplastics were notably high and comparable with exceptional levels reported in contaminated areas. Oceanic currents and the anthropic pressure of use of the beach were the main factors that determined the level of macro- and mesoplastics, as well as the diversity of items, with more types of items in the beaches facing the predominant current. Microplastic levels were mainly driven by the slope and, to some extent, the grain size of the sediment in the beach. The absence of relationship between the levels of large size debris and the level of microplastics suggests that secondary microplastics that accumulated in the beaches were previously fragmented before arriving to the beach. This differential influence of environmental factors in the accumulation of marine debris according to their size should be taken into account when developing strategies to mitigate plastic pollution. Additionally, this study reports high levels of marine debris reported in a remote and protected area such as Galapagos, which are comparable to areas with direct sources of marine debris. This is especially worrying for Galapagos since the sampled beaches are cleaned at least annually. This fact highlights the global dimension of this environmental threat that demands further extensive international commitment to conserve some of the last paradises on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sánchez-García
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES), Universidad de Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain; Department of Ecology, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Carlos Sanz-Lázaro
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES), Universidad de Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain; Department of Ecology, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
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30
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Valsan G, Warrier AK, Amrutha K, Anusree S, Rangel-Buitrago N. Exploring the presence and distribution of microplastics in subterranean estuaries from southwest India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 190:114820. [PMID: 36989595 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Rivers, surface runoff, and the wind all transport microplastics (MPs) to the ocean. There is a knowledge gap concerning the distribution of microplastics in transitional subterranean estuaries. Here, we report the presence of microplastics in the pore water, groundwater, and sea water from four locations in southwest India. Pore water, groundwater, and seawater had mean MP abundances (± standard deviations) of 0.75 (±0.66), 0.15 (±0.1), and 0.11 (±0.07) MPs/l, respectively. Fibres were the dominant category of MPs found. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of polymers like polyester, low-density polyethylene, and polystyrene. Possible sources of microplastic are fishing activities, tourism, and coastal residents. The microplastics-derived risk assessment scores indicate severe risk to the ecosystems. Fibrous microplastics in pore water indicate that these linear particles can migrate vertically through sandy sediments, reaching subterranean estuaries. We believe submarine groundwater discharge can act as a possible pathway for microplastics to enter the oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Valsan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Anish Kumar Warrier
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; Centre for Climate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - K Amrutha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - S Anusree
- Department of Sciences, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nelson Rangel-Buitrago
- Programa de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Atlántico, Colombia; Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Atlántico, Colombia
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31
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Gosavi SM, Phuge SK. First report on microplastics contamination in a meteorite impact Crater Lake from India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:64755-64770. [PMID: 37079229 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is a worldwide concern affecting all environmental matrices, including pristine lakes. Lentic lakes operate as a sink for microplastics (MPs), which interfere with a biogeochemical cycle and, therefore, deserve immediate attention. We present a comprehensive assessment of MPs contamination in the sediment and surface water of a geo-heritage site, Lonar lake (India). It is the third largest natural saltwater lake and only basaltic crater in the world formed by meteoric impact around 52,000 years ago. Mean MPs abundance in lakeshore sediment and surface water was 14.44 particles/kg and 2.66 particles/L, respectively. Small-sized MPs dominate the hypersaline region of the lake. Transparent and green fragments and filaments morphotypes were abundant. Most of the MPs in Lonar lake were secondary in origin. FTIR-ATR analysis revealed 16 types of polymers in the lake, of which polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyester were the most common. The overall pollution load index (PLI) for Lonar lake sediment and water was 1.39 and 2.58, respectively. Although all sampling stations had significant MPs pollution (PLI > 1), there was noticeable station-specific variability, which could be linked to anthropogenic activities. Irresponsible tourist behavior and religious activities, coupled with poor waste management are the leading causes of MPs contamination in the lake. The current work fills a gap in the investigation of MP pollution in a crater lake formed by a meteorite impact by being the first to provide a precise estimate of the MPs contamination in the Lonar lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin M Gosavi
- Department of Zoology, Maharashtra College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Samadhan K Phuge
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Education and Extension, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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32
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Tuttle E, Stubbins A. An optimized acidic digestion for the isolation of microplastics from biota-rich samples and cellulose acetate matrices. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121198. [PMID: 36736813 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a growing concern. To analyze plastics in environmental samples, plastics need to be isolated. We present an acidic/oxidative method optimized to preserve plastics while digesting synthetic cellulose acetate and a range of organics encountered in environmental samples. Cellulose acetate was chosen for optimization as it can be purchased as a reference material, can co-occur with plastics in environmental samples and, if it can be completely digested, is a potential filter material for the collection of nano- and micro-plastics from natural waters. Other forms of particulate organic matter (POM) were chosen to provide a range of chemistries that might alter digestion efficiency and due to the interest in the community of isolating plastics from samples where these organics occur. For instance, microalgal POM occurs in lake and ocean waters, riverine POM in rivers, and inclusion of tuna provides a test for the suitability of the method for isolating plastics from animal tissues. The method is a one-pot overnight (16-18 h) digestion in 5 M nitric acid with 0.3 M sodium persulfate heated to 80 °C. The method provides quantitative removal of cellulose acetate (exceeding detection limits), near quantitative removal of microalgal POM and Albacore tuna tissue (>99%), but only 86% of urban river POM, all while retaining >99% by mass of C-C bonded polymers polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene and >96% by mass of polyethylene terephthalate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and %-C content analysis confirmed plastic polymer stability during digestion. However, some additives in appear susceptible to digestion with FT-IR results indicating the loss of N,N'-ethylenebis(stearamide) from polyethylene. This method provides a simpler and more effective method than many in the literature. We present recommendations for the application of this method, as well as limitations and areas for future improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Tuttle
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Aron Stubbins
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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Ronda AC, Menéndez MC, Tombesi N, Álvarez M, Tomba JP, Silva LI, Arias AH. Microplastic levels on sandy beaches: Are the effects of tourism and coastal recreation really important? CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 316:137842. [PMID: 36640983 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the effect of tourism and other recreational activities on microplastic (MP) levels and their characteristics in the sand and surf zone of the seawater. Six sites were chosen belonging to three sandy beaches with similar geomorphologic and morphodynamic characteristics but with different tourism activities. On average, a concentration of 1133.3 ± 811.3 items/kg dry weight (d.w.) and 12.7 ± 14.9 items/m3 were found in the sand and seawater samples, respectively. Fibers and films predominated and were less than 1 mm in length. In the sand, the films mainly matched the PE polymer spectra and the fibers matched PET polymer, cotton, and indigo blue dye; in the seawater samples, PP films and PET fibers prevailed. At the Pehuén-Co - Monte Hermoso Coastal Marine MPA where the flow of tourists is low, the MP levels were the lowest and the largest particles were found, mainly blue or black fibers, with less polymer diversity, cotton and PET being the most prevalent suggesting a recent input of textile fibers to this site. Moreover, the highest concentration of MPs was found on the southern site of a beach considered to be more pristine due to negligible human activity, including the smallest size pattern, mostly composed of white films or fibers with a greater diversity of polymers, predominantly PE > PET > PP. A great occurrence of PVC white films was also found in the surf zone at this site. Proximity to the mouth of a river, littoral drift, and other point sources were identified as the main sources, indicating that, apart from the local tourism and recreational activities, other sources might play a major role in the input of MPs to sandy beaches, such as extensive/intensive agricultural land use and irrigation areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Ronda
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO-CONICET/UNS), CCT-CONICET Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Av. Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María Clara Menéndez
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO-CONICET/UNS), CCT-CONICET Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Norma Tombesi
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Av. Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Instituto de Química del Sur (INQUISUR - CONICET/UNS), Av. Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Mónica Álvarez
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Av. Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Instituto de Química del Sur (INQUISUR - CONICET/UNS), Av. Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Tomba
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMP)-CONICET, Av. Colón 10850, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Leonel Ignacio Silva
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMP)-CONICET, Av. Colón 10850, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Andrés Hugo Arias
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO-CONICET/UNS), CCT-CONICET Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Av. Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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Silori R, Shrivastava V, Mazumder P, Mootapally C, Pandey A, Kumar M. Understanding the underestimated: Occurrence, distribution, and interactions of microplastics in the sediment and soil of China, India, and Japan. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:120978. [PMID: 36586556 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are non-biodegradable substances that can sustain our environment for up to a century. What is more worrying is the incapability of modern technologies to annihilate MPs from om environment. One ramification of MPs is their impact on every kind of life form on this planet, which has been discussed ahead; that is why these substances are surfacing in everyday discussions of scholars and researchers. This paper discusses the overview of the global occurrence, abundance, analysis, and remediation techniques of MPs in the environment. This paper primarily reviews the event and abundance of MPs in coastal sediments and agricultural soil of three major Asian countries, India, China, and Japan. A significant concentration of MPs has been recorded from these countries, which affirms its strong presence and subsequent environmental impacts. Concentrations such as 73,100 MPs/kg in Indian coastal sediments and 42,960 particles/kg in the agricultural soil of China is a solid testimony to prove their massive outbreak in our environment and require urgent attention towards this issue. Conclusions show that human activities, rivers, and plastic mulching on agricultural fields have majorly acted as carriers of MPs towards coastal and terrestrial soil and sediments. Later, based on recorded concentrations and gaps, future research studies are recommended in the concerned domain; a dearth of studies on MPs influencing Indian agricultural soil make a whole sector and its consumer vulnerable to the adverse effects of this emerging contaminant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Silori
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Vikalp Shrivastava
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Payal Mazumder
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Chandrashekar Mootapally
- School of Applied Sciences & Technology (SAST), Gujarat Technological University (GTU), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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35
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Bahrehmand MR, Tabatabaie T, Hashemi SE, Amiri F, Pazira AR. Occurrence and spatial distribution of microplastics in sediment and fish along the Persian Gulf-a case study: Bushehr Province, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10653-022-01427-1. [PMID: 36811701 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) contamination in the marine environment is a global threat. The present study is the first to comprehensively investigate the MPs contamination in the marine environment in Bushehr province along the Persian Gulf. For this purpose, 16 stations were selected along the coast and 10 fish samples were collected. The results obtained from MPs in sediment samples indicate the mean abundance of MPs in different sediment samples was 57.19 Particles/Kg. The dominant MPs color in sediment samples was black, accounting for 47.54%, followed by white (36.07%). As for MPs in fish, the highest MPs digested in different fish samples were 9. In addition, over 83.3% of MPs observed in fishes were black followed by red and blue (6.67%). Overall, the presence of MPs in fish and sediment can be attributed to improper disposal of industrial effluents; an efficient measurement is required in order to improve the quality of the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tayebeh Tabatabaie
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Seyed Enayat Hashemi
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Fazel Amiri
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Abdul Rahim Pazira
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
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36
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Wu X, Zhong C, Wang T, Zou X. Assessment on the pollution level and risk of microplastics on bathing beaches: a case study of Liandao, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:383. [PMID: 36763164 PMCID: PMC9911957 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution on bathing beaches threatens the health of human beings and coastal organisms. There is a lack of assessment on the level of microplastic pollution and the health risk associated with plastics. As one of the earliest open bathing beaches in China, Liandao is well known as the two high-quality beaches. However, little is known about the extent of microplastic pollution on these bathing beaches. Based on the analysis of microplastic pollution abundance, distribution, shape, size, color, and composition at the Liandao bathing beaches, this study puts forward a novel approach to comprehensively evaluate the microplastic pollution level and risk level by using the Nemerow pollution index (NPI) and polymer hazard index (PHI). The results show that the average abundance of microplastics on the Liandao bathing beaches is 135.42 ± 49.58 items/kg; the main shapes are fibers, fragments, and granules. Most of the microplastics are transparent, brown, and black, accounting for 71.54%, and they have an average particle size of 0.63 ± 0.43 mm. The main components are PE, PP, PS, PET, and nylon, of which nylon appears in the highest proportion (54.77%). The microplastic NPI and PHI values are 0.38 and 74.81, respectively, indicating that the pollution level and health risk index of microplastics on the Liandao bathing beaches are both low. With the increase in population and per capita consumption, plastic waste generated on land will continue to increase. Finally, this study puts forward some suggestions regarding microplastic monitoring, plastic waste management, and environmental attitudes and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wu
- School of History, Culture and Tourism, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Chongqing Zhong
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Teng Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xinqing Zou
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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Kaliszewicz A, Panteleeva N, Karaban K, Runka T, Winczek M, Beck E, Poniatowska A, Olejniczak I, Boniecki P, Golovanova EV, Romanowski J. First Evidence of Microplastic Occurrence in the Marine and Freshwater Environments in a Remote Polar Region of the Kola Peninsula and a Correlation with Human Presence. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020259. [PMID: 36829537 PMCID: PMC9953387 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have even been detected in remote environments, including high-latitude regions, where human activities are restricted or strongly limited. We investigated the surface water of the bays of the Barents Sea and the freshwater lakes that are located close to and several kilometers from a year-round resident field station in the remote tundra region of the Kola Peninsula. The microplastics' presence in aquatic environments in this region has not been indicated yet. Microplastics were detected in all samples collected from the Barents Sea (<4800 items·m-3) and the lakes (<3900 items·m-3). Fibers made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-the most common thermoplastic polymer of the polyester family-and semi-synthetic cellulosic rayon were the most dominant. This indicated that the source of fiber contamination may come from protective clothes, ropes, ship equipment, and fishing nets. Small microplastics can spread through current and atmospheric transport. The Norwegian Current is likely responsible for the lack of correlations found between MP contamination and the distance from the field station between the studied bays of the Barents Sea. On the contrary, a significant correlation with human presence was observed in the concentration of microfibers in the water of the tundra lakes. The number of MP fibers decreased with an increase in the distance from the field station. This is the first study, to the best of our knowledge, that reports such a correlation in a remote region. We also discuss implications for animals. Our results show that even the most isolated ecosystems are not free from microplastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kaliszewicz
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-223-809-651
| | - Ninel Panteleeva
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Karaban
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Runka
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Winczek
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Beck
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Poniatowska
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabella Olejniczak
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Boniecki
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elena V. Golovanova
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Romanowski
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
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Ashrafy A, Liza AA, Islam MN, Billah MM, Arafat ST, Rahman MM, Rahman SM. Microplastics Pollution: A Brief Review of Its Source and Abundance in Different Aquatic Ecosystems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 9:100215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
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Ye Y, Zhang A, Teng J, Yang X, Yuan X, Wang Q, Zhao J, Zhang B, Zhang T, Chen X, Guan T, Ma X. Pollution characteristics and ecological risk of microplastic in sediments of Liaodong Bay from the northern Bohai Sea in China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114505. [PMID: 36566512 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed in marine environments. The pollution characteristics and risk assessment of MPs in estuarine sediments are still insufficient. In this study, the MPs pollution characteristics in surface sediments of the Liao Estuary and Daliao Estuary were investigated. The characteristics of MPs in sediments were determined by stereo microscopy and micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the average MPs abundance ranged from 32.33 to 49.91 items·kg-1 d.w. The MPs were mainly composed of 500-2000 μm black and blue fibers. Five polymer types were identified, including rayon (RA) (87.46 %), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (6.81 %), polyamide (PA) (2.94 %), polypropylene (PP) (2.17 %) and polyethylene (PE) (0.62 %). The pollution load index (PLI) risk assessment showed that all sampling sites were at Hazard Level I. Our results can provide useful information for assessing the environmental risks of MPs in coastal areas of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Ye
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering of Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, PR China
| | - Anguo Zhang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Jia Teng
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Xiutang Yuan
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Dalian 116023, PR China; Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China.
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering of Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, PR China; School of food and biotechnology of Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, PR China.
| | - Tianzhe Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- School of food and biotechnology of Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, PR China
| | - Tongwei Guan
- School of food and biotechnology of Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, PR China
| | - Xindong Ma
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Dalian 116023, PR China
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Sönmez VZ, Akarsu C, Sivri N. Impact of coastal wastewater treatment plants on microplastic pollution in surface seawater and ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120922. [PMID: 36574808 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to understand the influence of wastewater treatment plant discharge on the microplastic status in the surface seawater of Istanbul. For this purpose, for the first time, the distribution, composition, and ecological risk of microplastics at nine sampling stations on the southern coast of Istanbul, Marmara, were investigated at monthly intervals over a one-year period. The results showed that the microplastic abundance ranged from 0 to over 1000 particles per liter. Fibers were the dominant form at all stations. Microplastics 249-100 μm were the dominant size, and transparency was the color most found at all stations. Polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate were the major types of microplastics, accounting for 50% overall. The pollution load index revealed that over 70% of sampling stations were at hazard level I. However, the hazardous index was categorized as level III with a value of 662.3 due to the presence of the most hazardous polymer named polyurethane. Further investigations into the risk assessment of MP can reveal crucial knowledge for understanding the microplastic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vildan Zülal Sönmez
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Department of Environmental Engineering, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ceyhun Akarsu
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Department of Environmental Engineering, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nüket Sivri
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Department of Environmental Engineering, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
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41
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Tong Y, Lin L, Tao Y, Huang Y, Zhu X. The occurrence, speciation, and ecological effect of plastic pollution in the bay ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159601. [PMID: 36283530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bay is a unique part of the ecosystem, acting as the intersection for marine and terrestrial systems and hosting diverse biological organisms. The ubiquitous application of plastics has resulted in a massive amount of plastic waste released and accumulated in the bay ecosystem, posing significant ecological effects. Thus, thoroughly understanding plastic pollution's occurrence, speciation, and ecological effect in the bay ecosystems is of vital importance. We conducted a comprehensive review on the sources and distribution of plastics in the bay ecosystem, and the associate ecological effects, from individual toxicity to trophic transfer in ecosystems. Among bay areas around the world, the concentrations of microplastics vary from 0.01 to 3.62 × 105 item/m3 in seawater and 0 to 6.75 × 105 item/kg in sediment. Small-sized plastic particles (mostly <2 mm) were widely reported in bay organisms with the concentration range of 0 to 22.5 item/ind. Besides, the toxicity of plastics on marine organisms has been documented in terms of mortality, growth, development, reproduction, enzyme activity and transcription. Since abundance of small plastic particles (e.g., micro- and nano-scale) is far greater than large plastic debris in the bay ecosystems, in-depth risk assessment of small-sized plastics needs to be conducted under environmentally realistic conditions. Our review could provide a better understanding on the occurrence, speciation, and ecological effect of plastic pollution in the bay ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Tong
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxiong Huang
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; South Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China.
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Li Y, Xiao P, Donnici S, Cheng J, Tang C. Spatial and seasonal distribution of microplastics in various environmental compartments around Sishili Bay of North Yellow Sea, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 186:114372. [PMID: 36442313 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution in the marine environment is closely linked to human activities, particularly in coastal areas. Seasonal samples were collected on the beach, in rivers, surface water, bottom water, and subtidal sediments from May 2019 to February 2020. Microplastics in environment metrices showed different seasonal variation characteristics of both abundance and shapes, and their spatial distribution varied in different environment metrices. The most common shapes of microplastic in water and sediment were fibers and fragments. Foams were evident on the beach sand with seasonal distribution. Results from this study show that microplastics in coastal areas are vulnerable to human activities, such as marine aquaculture and fishery activity. The variation in vertical profiles indicated the presence of a complicated mechanism in water column. The typical microplastics inventory suggested sediment as the main sink in coastal area. More investigations are needed to understand the distribution of microplastic in the coastal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, CAS, Qingdao, China
| | - Pei Xiao
- Marine Environmental monitoring and Forecast Centre, Yantai Municipal Bureau of Marine Development and Fisheries, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Sandra Donnici
- National Research Council, Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via Gradenigo, 6, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Jiaojiao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, CAS, Qingdao, China.
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Narloch I, Gackowska A, Wejnerowska G. Microplastic in the Baltic Sea: A review of distribution processes, sources, analysis methods and regulatory policies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120453. [PMID: 36272601 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics pollution is an issue of great concern for scientists, governmental bodies, ecological organisations, and the general public. Microplastics pollution is widespread and is a great environmental problem on account of its potential toxicity for marine biota and human health. Today, almost all the world's seas and oceans are polluted with microplastics. The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed reservoir of brackish water and is a hotspot for contamination in terms of eutrophication and the presence of organic matter. Microplastics are quite intense, based on data from studies of marine litter and microplastics in the Baltic Sea. The number of microplastics in the Baltic Sea water is 0.07-3300 particles/m3, and in sediments 0-10179 particles/kg. These amounts prove that the waters and sediments of the Baltic Sea are heavily contaminated with microplastics. This article provides a comprehensive review of the microplastic origins and transport routes to the Baltic Sea. The data is presented as the concentration of microplastics in surface waters, sediments, and sea sand. The extraction methods used and the microplastics techniques are also presented. The possibilities and limitations of water and sediment sampling methods for microplastics determination were summarised, taking into account sampling tools, volume and depth. Extraction, separation, filtration, and visual sorting are outlined as sample preparation techniques for microplastic analysis. This review also focuses on the problems of obtaining data relevant to the development of the mathematical models necessary to monitor trends in the spread of microplastics in the Baltic Sea. Finally, several important laws and policies, which are in place in the Baltic States to control and manage microplastic pollution in the region, are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Narloch
- Department of Food Analysis and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, 85-236, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alicja Gackowska
- Department of Food Analysis and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, 85-236, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Wejnerowska
- Department of Food Analysis and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, 85-236, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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44
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Nousheen R, Hashmi I, Rittschof D, Capper A. Comprehensive analysis of spatial distribution of microplastics in Rawal Lake, Pakistan using trawl net and sieve sampling methods. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136111. [PMID: 35995190 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in freshwater environments, particularly reservoir and lakes, is an emerging concern. There are limited studies in Pakistan on microplastic pollution in the lacustrine environments and those that exist do not provide sufficient information on the spatial distribution of MPs in offshore surface water. The aims of this study were to determine microplastic abundance in Rawal Lake, Pakistan and to ascertain if sampling methodology influences microplastic counts. Surface water samples were collected from 10 sites; 5 tributaries, 2 human settlement and 3 fishing and boating areas using two different sampling techniques: 100 μm mesh trawl and 20 L sample through a 45 μm mesh sieve. A significant difference was observed in the abundance of MPs across two methods with the sieve method yielding 2.8 ± 1.44 particles/L and trawl yielding 0.025 ± 0.024 particles/L. Tributaries and boating/fishing area had higher microplastic abundance than the residential area regardless of sampling method. Filaments were the dominant shape of MPs in both type of samples followed by fragments in trawl samples and films in sieved samples. Microbeads were only detected in trawl samples. MPs within size range 0.1-0.9 mm were mostly fragments (82%). MPs were diverse in colors with white/transparent and black MPs common. Polypropylene was the main type of microplastic in Rawal Lake (40-74%). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of MPs showed cracks, roughness and striations on the particles. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) detected heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Co and Cr) in MPs. Findings suggest that microplastic pollution in Rawal Lake may pose great risk to aquatic and human life through leaching of inherent/adsorbed heavy metals and therefore requires future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Nousheen
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12 Sector, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Hashmi
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12 Sector, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Duke Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, 28516, United States
| | - Angela Capper
- CQUniversity, Coastal Marine Ecosystems Research Centre (CMERC), Gladstone, QLD 4680, Australia
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45
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Kook H, Cha M, Park C. Transport of emerging organic ultraviolet (UV) filters in ceramic membranes: Role of polyethylene (PE) microplastics. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136570. [PMID: 36155025 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics can be considered potential carriers of emerging organic ultraviolet (UV) filters due to their considerable adsorption capacity in wastewater treatment. The adsorption behavior of organic UV filters, which are commonly contained in personal care products to preserve the skin against UV radiation, onto polyethylene (PE) microplastics were systematically studied to investigate their combined effects. Kinetics and isotherm analyses revealed that the adsorption of four organic UV filters onto PE microplastic surfaces followed a multi-rate and a heterogeneous multi-layer pattern. Several factors including salinity, microplastic size, and dosage also influenced the adsorption efficiency due to hydrophobic interactions. A bench-scale cross-flow ceramic membrane filtration experiment was investigated to evaluate the role of PE microplastics on the retention performance of organic UV filters. The retentions for organic UV filters were 34.2%-37.8% in the non-existence of PE microplastics. Conversely, organic UV filter retentions were significantly increased up to 82.2%-97.9% when they were adsorbed onto the PE microplastics, which were almost completely retained by the ceramic membrane. Therefore, organic UV filters can likely migrate and eventually be carried by PE microplastics, thus increasing the retention of both emerging organic UV filters and microplastics prior to discharge from wastewater treatment facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Kook
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Minju Cha
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Chanhyuk Park
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea.
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Gu X, Liu S, Li Y, Ouyang W, He M, Liu X, Lin C. A review of sources, status, and risks of microplastics in the largest semi-enclosed sea of China, the Bohai Sea. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135564. [PMID: 35792206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The largest semi-enclosed sea of China, the Bohai Sea, serves as an important sink of microplastics (MPs) originated from terrestrial and marine sources. This study summarized potential sources and migration pathways of MPs in the Bohai Sea and reviewed the abundance and characteristics of MPs in water, sediments, and organisms. Coastal anthropogenic activities (i.e., plastic production, agricultural activities, and industrial and domestic sewage discharge) and marine origins (i.e., aquaculture, marine litters, and transportation) might accelerate the MPs enrichment in the Bohai Sea. The abundance of MPs ranged from 0.07 to 5200 items/m3 in the seawater, mainly influenced by the application of different trawl nets/sieves with different sizes (0.005-0.33 mm). Sediments of coastal rivers contained the MPs ranging from 56.7 to 1795 items/kg, significantly higher than that of the Bohai Sea (6.24-461.6 items/kg). Among organisms, the average abundance of MPs was the lowest in zooplanktons (0.03 items/animal), significantly lower than that in invertebrates (1.39 items/animal) and fish (2.12 items/animal), but no biomagnification of MPs was observed. The preliminary risk assessment indicated that seawater in the Liaodong Bay had medium ecological risk of MPs while other bays of the Bohai Sea had minor risks. To make the ecological risk of MPs quantifiable and comparable, future research priorities are recommended to focus on more frequent field surveys, standardization of sampling methods, and establishment of toxicity database of common polymer types of MPs in the Bohai Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Mengchang He
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xitao Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chunye Lin
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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Dronjak L, Exposito N, Rovira J, Florencio K, Emiliano P, Corzo B, Schuhmacher M, Valero F, Sierra J. Screening of microplastics in water and sludge lines of a drinking water treatment plant in Catalonia, Spain. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 225:119185. [PMID: 36209664 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants detected everywhere in the environment, with the potential to harm living organisms. The present study investigated the concentration, morphology, and composition of MPs, between 20 μm and 5 mm, in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) located close to Barcelona (Catalonia, NE Spain). The sampling included different units of the DWTP, from influent to effluent as well as sludge line. Sampling strategy, filtration, allows sampling of large volumes of water avoiding sample contamination, and during 8 h in order to increase the representativeness of MPs collected. The pre-treatment of the samples consisted of advanced oxidation with Fenton's reagent and hydrogen peroxide, followed by density separation of the particles with zinc chloride solution. Visual identification was performed with an optical and stereoscopic microscope with final Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) confirmation. MPs were found in all DWTP samples, with concentrations from 4.23 ± 1.26 MPs/L to 0.075 ± 0.019 MPs/L in the influent and effluent of the plant, respectively. The overall removal efficiency of the plant was 98.3%. The most dominant morphology was fibers followed by fragments and films. Twenty-two different polymer types were identified and synthetic cellulose, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, and polyacrylonitrile were the most common. Although MPs could be incorporated from the distribution network, MPs intake from drinking water from this DWTP was not an important route compared to fish and seafood ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Dronjak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University Rovira and Virgili, Paisos Catalans Avenue 26, Tarragona, Catalonia 43007, Spain
| | - Nora Exposito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University Rovira and Virgili, Paisos Catalans Avenue 26, Tarragona, Catalonia 43007, Spain
| | - Joaquim Rovira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University Rovira and Virgili, Paisos Catalans Avenue 26, Tarragona, Catalonia 43007, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, University Rovira and Virgili, Sant Llorenc 21, Reus, Catalonia 43201, Spain.
| | - Karin Florencio
- Sorigué Group, Ronda Guinardó, 99, Barcelona, Catalonia 08041, Spain
| | - Pere Emiliano
- Ens d'Abastament d'Aigua Ter-Llobregat (ATL), Sant Martí de l'Erm, 30, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona 08970, Spain
| | - Beatriz Corzo
- Sorigué Group, Ronda Guinardó, 99, Barcelona, Catalonia 08041, Spain
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University Rovira and Virgili, Paisos Catalans Avenue 26, Tarragona, Catalonia 43007, Spain
| | - Fernando Valero
- Ens d'Abastament d'Aigua Ter-Llobregat (ATL), Sant Martí de l'Erm, 30, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona 08970, Spain
| | - Jordi Sierra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University de Barcelona, Joan XXIII Avenue s/n, Barcelona, Catalonia 08028, Spain
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Rubin AE, Omeysi L, Zucker I. Mediterranean microplastic contamination: Israel's coastline contributions. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 183:114080. [PMID: 36057156 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study provides an analysis of the current state of microplastic (MP) contamination along the Mediterranean coastline of Israel. Six strategic sites were monitored in this study - each representing a unique coastal environment. We conclude that Tel Aviv and Hadera, both located near stream estuaries, were highly contaminated (18,777 particles/m3) with MP compared to the other locations. The MP detected included both secondary MP and pristine polymeric pellets. In-depth characterization of the MP illustrated a large percentage of both fragmented and film MP morphologies and the most common MP polymers were polyethylene and polypropylene. Further particle analysis showed that MPs were contaminated with biofilm, including microorganisms such as diatoms, as well as metal residues. Through the spatial analysis presented herein we suggest that local rivers are significant contributors to MP contamination along the Mediterranean Sea coastline of Israel and may pose a direct threat to environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Ethan Rubin
- Porter School of Earth and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Limor Omeysi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ines Zucker
- Porter School of Earth and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Keerthika K, Padmavathy P, Rani V, Jeyashakila R, Aanand S, Kutty R. Contamination of microplastics, surface morphology and risk assessment in beaches along the Thoothukudi coast, Gulf of Mannar region. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:75525-75538. [PMID: 35657544 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics accumulation on beaches raises a serious concern worldwide. Hence, the present study was conducted with the focus of investigating the abundance, characteristics, risk assessment, surface morphology and elemental composition of microplastics (MPs) in the beach sediments of the Thoothukudi region, situated on the south-east coast of India, Gulf of Mannar region. The MPs abundance ranged between 19 ± 18.62 and 78.55 ± 95.17 items/kg with a mean abundance of 33.82 ± 26.11 items/kg and the spatial distribution of MPs showed insignificant variation. Fragments (59.48%), 0.5-1 mm (43.66%) and blue-coloured MPs (45.61%) were highly predominant in the sediments. Attenuated total reflection - Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy showed the dominance of polyethylene polymers in sediments (52.26%) and their sources could be attributed to the direct inflow of sewage, recreational and fishing activities and accidental loss. The current study revealed that microplastics (< 5 mm) are ubiquitous along the Thoothukudi coast, posing a serious threat to the marine environment and marine organisms. The ecological risk assessment of MPs in sediments was calculated by adopting 3 models: the polymer hazard index (PHI), pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk assessment (RI). The overall PHIsediments = 698.96 exhibited a hazard level of IV, which was mainly due to the varying abundance of polymer composition in sediments. The value of PLIsediments is 2.51, which mainly depends on the MPs abundance in sediments and yields the hazard level of I. The ecological risk posed by MPs in beach sediments along the Thoothukudi coast (RIsediments = 241.06) falls into the medium category, indicating that steps must be taken to reduce the flow of plastics through management measures such as proper wastewater treatment practices, recycling of plastic waste and proper waste disposal. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images revealed that MPs surfaces were strongly weathered and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy spectra showed that the presence of inorganic elements associated with the surface MPs might be derived from the surrounding environment or additives in plastics. Hence, further research has to be conducted in view of studying the combined effects of MPs pollution and organic pollutants, which will provide further understanding of the contamination of MPs in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaiselvan Keerthika
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandurangan Padmavathy
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Velu Rani
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Robinson Jeyashakila
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samraj Aanand
- Erode Bhavanisagar Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjeet Kutty
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, College of Fisheries, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Abdel Ghani SA, El-Sayed AAM, Ibrahim MIA, Ghobashy MM, Shreadah MA, Shabaka S. Characterization and distribution of plastic particles along Alexandria beaches, Mediterranean Coast of Egypt, using microscopy and thermal analysis techniques. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155363. [PMID: 35460789 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) contamination has become a global concern with potential impacts on the marine environment. Alexandria is the second-largest city in Egypt and a significant contributor of plastic litter inputs into the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. The current study provides an in-depth analysis of the plastic particles accumulated along Alexandria beaches. Types, composition, and potential sources of MPs were investigated using microscopy and thermal analysis. A mean value of 389.1 ± 285.9 items kg-1 dry weight was detected in the shore sediments similar to other records from the Eastern Mediterranean region. An average of 457.4 ± 281.8 items m-3 was recorded in the surface water, which was the highest recorded MPs density in onshore waters of the Mediterranean region. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that plastics made up 0.5% - 72% of the materials extracted from the sediment samples, and 0.58% - 20.6% from the water samples. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) identified ten semi-crystalline polymers. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene vinyl acetate (PEVA) were the common polymers. The single-use plastic bags and detergents were the land-based sources of marine plastic litter. The sea-based sources included antifouling paints, maintenance of ships, and abandoned fishing gears. Proper management plans of domestic waste input, polluter-pay strategy, and education programs aiming at the Fishermen and how plastic pollution would impact their livelihood are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed I A Ibrahim
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Egypt; Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry, National Center For Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Soha Shabaka
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Egypt.
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