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Kemp E, Palomäki T, Ruuth IA, Boeva ZA, Nurminen TA, Vänskä RT, Zschaechner LK, Pérez AG, Hakala TA, Wardale M, Haeggström E, Bobacka J. Influence of enzyme immobilization and skin-sensor interface on non-invasive glucose determination from interstitial fluid obtained by magnetohydrodynamic extraction. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 206:114123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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2
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Baaske MD, Asgari N, Punj D, Orrit M. Nanosecond time scale transient optoplasmonic detection of single proteins. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl5576. [PMID: 35030027 PMCID: PMC8759745 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl5576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optical detection of individual proteins with high bandwidth holds great promise for understanding important biological processes on the nanoscale and for high-throughput fingerprinting applications. As fluorescent labels impose restrictions on detection bandwidth and require time-intensive and invasive processes, label-free optical techniques are highly desirable. Here, we read out changes in the resonantly scattered field of individual gold nanorods interferometrically and use photothermal spectroscopy to optimize the experiment’s parameters. This interferometric plasmonic scattering enables the observation of single proteins as they traverse plasmonic near fields of gold nanorods with unprecedented temporal resolution in the nanosecond-to-microsecond range.
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3
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Bi X, Xiong W, He J, Ma S, Zhang J, Fang Y, Wu Y. Site-Selective and Biocompatible Growth of Polymers from Glycan Moieties of Glycoproteins and Living Cells. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4237-4243. [PMID: 34474556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Formation of protein-polymer conjugates (PPCs) is critical for many studies in chemical biology, biomedicine, and enzymatic catalysis. Polymers with coordinated physicochemical properties confer synergistic functions to PPCs that overcome the inherent limitation of proteins. However, application of PPCs has been synthetically restricted by the limited modification sites and polymer grafting method. Here, we present a versatile strategy for site-selective PPC synthesis. The initiator was specifically tethered to the preoxidized glycan moieties through oxime chemistry. Polymer brushes were grown in situ from the glycan by atom-transfer radical polymerization to generate well-controlled PPCs. Notably, the modification is site-specific, multivalent, and alterable depending on protein glycosylation. Additionally, we demonstrated that the cytocompatible method enabled the growth of polymer chains from the surface of living yeast cells. These results verified a facile technology for surface modification of biomacromolecules by desired polymers for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Bi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wenli Xiong
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jian'an He
- Central Laboratory of Health Quarantine, International Travel Health Care Center, Shenzhen Customs District, 1011 Fuqiang Road, Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Shanyun Ma
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jiangsheng Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yuanzi Wu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China.,Research Institute of Photocatalysis, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
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4
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Luo S, Ji L, Zhou L, Chen T, Zhong J, Liu W, Liu C. A new site-specific monoPEGylated β-lactoglobulin at the N-terminal: Effect of different molecular weights of mPEG on its conformation and antigenicity. Food Chem 2020; 343:128402. [PMID: 33406572 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new method was investigated to decline the antigenicity of β-Lactoglobulin (β-LG) by site specifically conjugating β-LG at the N-terminus with 5 kDa and 10 kDa monomethoxy polyethylene glycol propyl aldehyde (mPEG-ALD). The optimal reaction conditions were molar ratio of 1:10 (β-LG:mPEG-ALD), reaction time for 16 h, and pH 5.0, and the content of mono-PEGylated β-LG was 51.3%. The results showed that mono-PEGylated β-LG with molecular mass of 23.2 kDa and 28.5 kDa. The peptide fragments of mPEG5kDa-ALD-β-LG produced the same sequence pattern of β-LG except for the absence of one peptides f(1-14), indicating that α-amino group at the N-terminal was selectively modified. Furthermore, the conformation of modified β-LG underwent into slight change. The antigenicity of mPEG5kDa-ALD-β-LG and mPEG10kDa-ALD-β-LG decreased from 144.4 μg/mL to 66.7 and 39.0 μg/mL respectively. It was speculated that the steric hindrance effect of PEG was the main reason for the decline of antigenicity of β-LG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunjing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Li Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Junzhen Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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5
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Luo S, Lu X, Liu C, Zhong J, Zhou L, Chen T. Site specific PEGylation of β-lactoglobulin at glutamine residues and its influence on conformation and antigenicity. Food Res Int 2019; 123:623-630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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6
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Correa S, Puertas S, Gutiérrez L, Asín L, Martínez de la Fuente J, Grazú V, Betancor L. Design of stable magnetic hybrid nanoparticles of Si-entrapped HRP. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214004. [PMID: 30933987 PMCID: PMC6443235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid and composite nanoparticles represent an attractive material for enzyme integration due to possible synergic advantages of the structural builders in the properties of the nanobiocatalyst. In this study, we report the synthesis of a new stable hybrid nanobiocatalyst formed by biomimetic silica (Si) nanoparticles entrapping both Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) (EC 1.11.1.7) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). We have demonstrated that tailoring of the synthetic reagents and post immobilization treatments greatly impacted physical and biocatalytic properties such as an unprecedented ~280 times increase in the half-life time in thermal stability experiments. The optimized nanohybrid biocatalyst that showed superparamagnetic behaviour, was effective in the batch conversion of indole-3-acetic acid, a prodrug used in Direct Enzyme Prodrug Therapy (DEPT). Our system, that was not cytotoxic per se, showed enhanced cytotoxic activity in the presence of the prodrug towards HCT-116, a colorectal cancer cell line. The strategy developed proved to be effective in obtaining a stabilized nanobiocatalyst combining three different organic/inorganic materials with potential in DEPT and other biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Correa
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Universidad ORT Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Lucía Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro, Edificio I+D, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científica, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Asín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Martínez de la Fuente
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científica, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Valeria Grazú
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científica, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Betancor
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Universidad ORT Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
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7
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Wright TA, Page RC, Konkolewicz D. Polymer conjugation of proteins as a synthetic post-translational modification to impact their stability and activity. Polym Chem 2019; 10:434-454. [PMID: 31249635 PMCID: PMC6596429 DOI: 10.1039/c8py01399c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
For more than 40 years, protein-polymer conjugates have been widely used for many applications, industrially and biomedically. These bioconjugates have been shown to modulate the activity and stability of various proteins while introducing reusability and new activities that can be used for drug delivery, improve pharmacokinetic ability, and stimuli-responsiveness. Techniques such as RDRP, ROMP and "click" have routinely been utilized for development of well-defined bioconjugate and polymeric materials. Synthesis of bioconjugate materials often take advantage of natural amino acids present within protein and peptide structures for a host of coupling chemistries. Polymer modification may elicit increased or decreased activity, activity retention under harsh conditions, prolonged activity in vivo and in vitro, and introduce stimuli responsiveness. Bioconjugation has resulted to modulated thermal stability, chemical stability, storage stability, half-life and reusability. In this review we aim to provide a brief state of the field, highlight a wide range of behaviors caused by polymer conjugation, and provide areas of future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaiesha A Wright
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Richard C Page
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Dominik Konkolewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
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8
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Liu X, Sun J, Gao W. Site-selective protein modification with polymers for advanced biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2018; 178:413-434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Ritter DW, Newton JM, Roberts JR, McShane MJ. Albuminated Glycoenzymes: Enzyme Stabilization through Orthogonal Attachment of a Single-Layered Protein Shell around a Central Glycoenzyme Core. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1285-92. [PMID: 27111632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we demonstrate an approach to stabilize enzymes through the orthogonal covalent attachment of albumin on the single-enzyme level. Albuminated glycoenzymes (AGs) based upon glucose oxidase and catalase from Aspergillus niger were prepared in this manner. Gel filtration chromatography and dynamic light scattering support modification, with an increase in hydrodynamic radius of ca. 60% upon albumination. Both AGs demonstrate a marked resistance to aggregation during heating to 90 °C, but this effect is more profound in albuminated catalase. The functional characteristics of albuminated glucose oxidase vary considerably with exposure type. The AG's thermal inactivation is reduced more than 25 times compared to native glucose oxidase, and moderate stabilization is observed with one month storage at 37 °C. However, albumination has no effect on operational stability of glucose oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin W Ritter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Jared M Newton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Jason R Roberts
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Michael J McShane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
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10
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Martinkova P, Pohanka M. Biosensors for Blood Glucose and Diabetes Diagnosis: Evolution, Construction, and Current Status. ANAL LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2015.1043661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Giorgi ME, Agusti R, de Lederkremer RM. Carbohydrate PEGylation, an approach to improve pharmacological potency. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1433-44. [PMID: 24991298 PMCID: PMC4077506 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugation with polyethylene glycol (PEG), known as PEGylation, has been widely used to improve the bioavailability of proteins and low molecular weight drugs. The covalent conjugation of PEG to the carbohydrate moiety of a protein has been mainly used to enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of the attached protein while yielding a more defined product. Thus, glycoPEGylation was successfully applied to the introduction of a PEGylated sialic acid to a preexisting or enzymatically linked glycan in a protein. Carbohydrates are now recognized as playing an important role in host–pathogen interactions in protozoal, bacterial and viral infections and are consequently candidates for chemotherapy. The short in vivo half-life of low molecular weight glycans hampered their use but methods for the covalent attachment of PEG have been less exploited. In this review, information on the preparation and application of PEG-carbohydrates, in particular multiarm PEGylation, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Eugenia Giorgi
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosalía Agusti
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosa M de Lederkremer
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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12
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Ritter DW, Newton JM, McShane MJ. Modification of PEGylated enzyme with glutaraldehyde can enhance stability while avoiding intermolecular crosslinking. RSC Adv 2014; 4:28036-28040. [PMID: 26052433 PMCID: PMC4452374 DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03809f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate an enzyme stabilization approach whereby a model enzyme is PEGylated, followed by controlled chemical modification with glutaraldehyde. Using this stabilization strategy, size increases and aggregation due to intermolecular crosslinking are avoided. Immediately following synthesis, the PEGylated enzyme with and without glutaraldehyde modification possessed specific activities of 372.9 ± 20.68 U/mg and 373.9 ± 15.14 U/mg, respectively (vs. 317.7 ± 19.31 U/mg for the native enzyme). The glutaraldehyde-modified PEGylated enzyme retains 73% original activity after 4 weeks at 37 °C (vs. 2% retention for control).
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Affiliation(s)
- D. W. Ritter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120, USA
| | - J. M. Newton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120, USA
| | - M. J. McShane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120, USA
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13
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Minten IJ, Abello N, Schooneveld-Bergmans MEF, van den Berg MA. Post-production modification of industrial enzymes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:6215-31. [PMID: 24903809 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5799-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Industry has an increasing interest in the use of enzymes as environmentally friendly, highly efficient, and specific bio-catalysts. Enzymes have primarily evolved to function in aqueous environments at ambient temperature and pressure. These conditions however do not always correspond with industrial processes or applications, and only a small portion of all known enzymes are therefore suitable for industrial use. Protein engineering can sometimes be applied to convey more desirable properties to enzymes, such as increased stability, but is limited to the 20 naturally occurring amino acids or homologs thereof. Using post-production modification, which has the potential to combine desirable properties from the enzyme and the conjugated compounds, enzymes can be modified with both natural and synthetic molecules. This offers access to a myriad of possibilities for tuning the properties of enzymes. At this moment, however, the effects of post-production modification cannot yet be reliably predicted. The increasing number of applications will improve this so that the potential of this technology can be fully exploited. This review will focus on post-production modification of enzymes and its use and opportunities in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge J Minten
- DSM Biotechnology Center, Alexander Fleminglaan 1, 2613 AX, Delft, The Netherlands,
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