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D'Auria S, Pedrini A, Ferraboschi I, Vachon J, Sissa C, Pinalli R, Dalcanale E. Two-photon microscopy as a visual tool for polymer compatibilization monitoring: the PE-EVOH case. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:1900-1906. [PMID: 36790432 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01577c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present two-photon microscopy (2PM) as an original technique to investigate the compatibilization between PE-HEMA and EVOH at the sub-micrometer level, both on the surface and in the bulk. 2PM is a nonlinear fluorescence imaging technique commonly exploited for thick biological tissue analysis. Here, we use 2PM to visualize polymer blending through 3D images of the obtained films. Compatibilization was performed in solution, upon functionalization of PE-HEMA with 1.4% molar of ODIN, a fluorescent molecule able to form multiple hydrogen bonds with EVOH and to act as a fluorescent probe. Different blends were synthesized, and the obtained films were analyzed by 2PM. For all compositions, it was demonstrated that ODIN is evenly distributed both on the surface and in the bulk. 2PM analysis of the thermally reprocessed specimen revealed that repeated reprocessing allows the reformation of ODIN dimers as the most stable H-bonding array in the solid state, partially reversing the compatibilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia D'Auria
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Pedrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Ferraboschi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Jérôme Vachon
- SABIC Europe B.V., Urmonderbaan 22, 6160 AH Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Sissa
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Roberta Pinalli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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Balzade Z, Sharif F, Ghaffarian Anbaran SR. Tailor-Made Functional Polyolefins of Complex Architectures: Recent Advances, Applications, and Prospects. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Balzade
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 158754413, Iran
| | - Farhad Sharif
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 158754413, Iran
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Zhang WB, Luo J, Wang YM, Zhu XZ, Zhang C, Liu J, Ni ML, Zhang GH. Hydroxyl-terminated Polyethylenes Bearing Functional Side Groups: Facile Synthesis and Their Properties. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2572-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Xiao Y, Dai X, Wang K, Zhou G. High Melting Point of Linear, Spiral Polyethylene Nanofibers and Polyethylene Microspheres Obtained Through Confined Polymerization by a PPM-Supported Ziegler-Natta Catalyst. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:1173-1180. [PMID: 33209565 PMCID: PMC7658954 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, different types of polyethylene (linear, spiral nanofibers and microspheres) were obtained via confined polymerization by a PPM-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Firstly, the Ziegler-Natta catalyst was chemical bonded inside the porous polymer microspheres (PPMs) supports with different pore diameter and supports size through chemical reaction. Then slightly and highly confined polymerization occurred in the PPM-supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts. SEM results illustrated that the slightly confined polymerization was easy to obtain linear and spiral nanofibers, and the nanofibers were observed in polyethylene catalyzed by PPMs-1#/cat and PPMs-2#/cat with low pore diameter (about 23 nm). Furthermore, the highly confined polymerization produced polyethylene microspheres, which obtained through other PPM-supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts with high pore diameter. In addition, high second melting point (Tm2: up to 143.3 °C) is a unique property of the polyethylene obtained by the PPM-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst after removing the residue through physical treatment. The high Tm2 was ascribed to low surface free energy (σe), which was owing to the entanglement of polyethylene polymerized in the PPMs supports with interconnected multi-modal pore structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission TechnologyGlobal Energy Interconnection Research InstituteNo.18 Binhe AvenueChangping DistrictBeijing102209P. R. China
| | - Xiying Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission TechnologyGlobal Energy Interconnection Research InstituteNo.18 Binhe AvenueChangping DistrictBeijing102209P. R. China
| | - Kui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC)Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)No. 5625 Renmin Rd.ChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
| | - Guangyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC)Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)No. 5625 Renmin Rd.ChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
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