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Liao L, Ruan W, Zhang M, Lin M. Recent Progress in Modification of Polyphenylene Oxide for Application in High-Frequency Communication. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1086. [PMID: 38473557 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid development of highly integrated electronic devices and high-frequency microwave communication technology, the parasitic resistance-capacitance (RC) delay and propagation loss severely restrict the development of a high-frequency communication system. Benefiting from its low dielectric constants (Dk) and low dielectric loss factor (Df), polyphenylene oxide (PPO) has attracted widespread attention for its application in the dielectric layers of integrated circuits. However, PPO suffers from a very high melting viscosity, a larger coefficient of thermal expansion than copper wire and poor solvent resistance. Recently, many efforts have focused on the modification of PPO by various means for communication applications. However, review articles focusing on PPO are unexpectedly limited. In this article, the research progress concerning PPO materials in view of the modification of PPO has been summarized. The following aspects are covered: polymerization and design of special chemical structure, low molecular weight PPO and blending with thermosetting resin, hyperbranched PPO, thermosetting PPO and incorporating with fillers. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of various types of modification methods and their applications are compared, and the possible future development directions are also proposed. It is believed that this review will arouse the interest of the electronics industry because of the detailed summary of the cutting-edge modification technology for PPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyuan Liao
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wenhong Ruan
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China
| | - Musong Lin
- Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Corporation, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Zhang Y, Lin H, Dong K, Tang S, Zhao C. Comparison of the Properties of Epoxy Resins Containing Various Trifluoromethyl Groups with Low Dielectric Constant. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2853. [PMID: 37447498 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of epoxy resins containing various trifluoromethyl groups were synthesized and thermally cured with diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) and aminophenyl sulfone (DDS). All epoxy resins exhibited excellent thermal stability with the glass transition temperatures of above 128 °C and 5% weight loss temperatures of above 300 °C. DDS-cured epoxy resins possessed higher thermal stability than that of DDM-cured epoxy resins, while DDM-cured epoxy resins showed better mechanical, dielectric, and hydrophobic properties. Additionally, DDM-cured epoxy resins with different locations and numbers of trifluoromethyl groups showed flexural strength in the range of 95.55~152.36 MPa, flexural modulus in the range of 1.71~2.65 GPa, dielectric constant in the range of 2.55~3.05, and water absorption in the range of 0.49~0.95%. These results indicate that the incorporation of trifluoromethyl pendant groups into epoxy resins can be a valid strategy to improve the dielectric and hydrophobic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Haidan Lin
- Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Jilin Electric Power Company, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Kai Dong
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shasha Tang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chengji Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Li Z, Li X, Wang K, He D, Diao W, Yang H, Yuan GY, Wu Y, Shi J, Wu K. Perfluoropolyether methyl propionate polysiloxane coating with high hydrophobicity and low dielectric property. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Nanxiong People's Republic of China
| | - Xiue Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan People's Republic of China
| | - Kunxin Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Nanxiong People's Republic of China
| | - Daguang He
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Nanxiong People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Diao
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Nanxiong People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Nanxiong People's Republic of China
| | - Guoming Yuan Yuan
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Nanxiong People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Nanxiong People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Shi
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- New Materials Research Institute of CASCHEM (Chongqing) Co., Ltd Chongqing People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou People's Republic of China
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Synthesis of phenolphthalein/bisphenol A‐based poly(arylene ether nitrile) copolymers: Preparation and properties of films. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kohlan TB, Atespare AE, Yildiz M, Menceloglu YZ, Unal S, Dizman B. Synthesis and Structure-Property Relationship of Amphiphilic Poly(2-ethyl- co-2-(alkyl/aryl)-2-oxazoline) Copolymers. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:40067-40077. [PMID: 36385860 PMCID: PMC9648074 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Poly(2-oxazoline)s (POZs) are widely investigated for their applications in various fields due to their unique properties. To exploit and combine different characteristics of the POZ family, 2-oxazoline monomers can be copolymerized to prepare tailor-made copolymers with the desired glass transition temperature (T g), melting temperature (T m), amphiphilicity, and functionality. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of 2-oxazoline monomers and a range of POZ copolymers produced, thereof. 2-Propyl-2-oxazoline (PrOZ) and 2-pentyl-2-oxazoline (PeOZ) monomers were synthesized by two different methods starting from nitriles or carboxylic acids. A number of POZ copolymers were synthesized by copolymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (EOZ) with either one of PrOZ, PeOZ, or 2-phenyl-2-oxazoline (PhOZ) at three different compositions (25:75, 50:50, and 75:25) and three molecular weights (1000, 2000, and 5000 Da). The successful synthesis of the monomers and copolymers was demonstrated through their structural analysis by 1H NMR and FTIR. SEC results confirmed the targeted molar masses of the copolymers and living nature of the polymerization by showing low dispersity values. Thermal properties of the copolymers were studied using DSC and TGA. DSC studies revealed the amorph and random state of the copolymers with obtained T g values for the copolymers in the range of -3 to 84 °C depending on their molecular weight and type of the side chain. While the presence of longer aliphatic side chains resulted in lower T g values, the presence of 2-phenyl substituents on the polymer led to higher T g values. The decomposition temperatures determined by TGA were in the range of 328 to 383 °C depending on the molecular weight, composition, and side chain of the copolymers. It was observed that higher molecular weights led to higher T g values and decomposition temperatures. While copolymers with aliphatic side chains exhibited a single-step decomposition profile, the decomposition of copolymers having aromatic side chains occurred in multiple steps. The variations in the molecular weight, composition, and side chains of the copolymers resulted in a library of tailorable amphiphilic copolymers suitable for multiple applications ranging from biomedical applications to composite manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Behroozi Kohlan
- Integrated
Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite
Technologies Center of Excellence, Sabanci
University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Asu Ece Atespare
- Integrated
Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite
Technologies Center of Excellence, Sabanci
University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yildiz
- Integrated
Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite
Technologies Center of Excellence, Sabanci
University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ziya Menceloglu
- Integrated
Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite
Technologies Center of Excellence, Sabanci
University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Serkan Unal
- Integrated
Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite
Technologies Center of Excellence, Sabanci
University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Bekir Dizman
- Integrated
Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite
Technologies Center of Excellence, Sabanci
University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
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Wu X, Xu C, Lu M, Wang K, Li Z, Yang H. Preparation and characterization of high temperature resistant thermosetting polyphenylene ether resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiankun Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Shaoguan China
| | - Chang‐an Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Shaoguan China
| | - Mangeng Lu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou China
| | - Kunxin Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Guangzhou China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials Shaoguan China
| | - Zhao Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou China
| | - Hui Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou China
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Liu X, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Wu M, Zhu Y, Zhao J, Liu S, Xiao H. Chemically crosslinked polyimide-POSS hybrid: A dielectric material with improved dimensional stability and dielectric properties. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang Z, Jiang B, Zhang Y, Li X, Wang Y, Shang Y, ZHANG H. Influence of Crosslink Density on Thermal, Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Cross-linked Fluorinated Poly(aryl ether)s. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hou J, Sun J, Fang Q. A fluorinated low dielectric polymer at high frequency derived from allylphenol and benzocyclobutene by a facile route. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zidan TA, Youssef AM, El-Menyawy EM, Kandil HS. A New Star-shaped Amino Functionalized poly(phenylene oxide) for Optoelectronic Applications. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090421060312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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