1
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Yamada Y, Terada Y, Yamanaka R, Enoyoshi M, Ito K. TRPV4 activation in human corneal epithelial cells promotes membrane mucin production. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 731:150402. [PMID: 39024979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Given that the corneal epithelium is situated on the outermost part of the eye, its functions can be influenced by external temperatures and chemical substances. This study aimed to elucidate the expression profile of chemosensory receptors in corneal epithelial cells and analyze their role in eye function regulation. A comprehensive analysis of 425 chemosensory receptors in human corneal epithelial cells-transformed (HCE-T) revealed the functional expression of TRPV4. The activation of TRPV4 in HCE-T cells significantly increased the expression of membrane-associated mucins MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16, which are crucial for stabilizing tear films, with efficacy comparable to the active components of dry eye medications. The present study suggests that TRPV4, which is activated by body temperature, regulates mucin expression and proposes it as a novel target for dry eye treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Yamada
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yuko Terada
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Rie Yamanaka
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Manami Enoyoshi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Ito
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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2
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Chen Z, Lu X, Watsky MA. Transient plasma membrane disruption induced calcium waves in mouse and human corneal epithelial cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301495. [PMID: 38630767 PMCID: PMC11023258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine transient plasma membrane disruptions (TPMDs) and TPMD-induced Ca++ waves (TPMD Ca++ Wvs) in human and mouse corneal epithelium (HCEC and MCEC). A multi-photon microscope was used to create laser-induced TPMDs in single cultured cells and in intact ex vivo and in vivo MCECs and ex vivo human cornea rim HCECs. Eye rubbing-induced TPMDs were studied by gentle rubbing with a cotton tipped applicator over a closed eyelid in ex vivo and in vivo MCECs. Ca++ sources for TPMD-induced Ca++ waves were explored using Ca++ channel inhibitors and Ca++-free media. TPMDs and TPMD Ca++ Wvs were observed in all cornea epithelial models examined, often times showing oscillating Ca++ levels. The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca++ ATPase inhibitors thapsigargin and CPA reduced TPMD Ca++ Wvs. TRP V1 antagonists reduced TPMD Ca++ Wvs in MCECs but not HCECs. Ca++-free medium, 18α-GA (gap junction inhibitor), apyrase (hydrolyzes ATP), and AMTB (TRPM8 inhibitor) did not affect TPMD Ca++ Wvs. These results provide a direct demonstration of corneal epithelial cell TPMDs and TPMDs in in vivo cells from a live animal. TPMDs were observed following gentle eye rubbing, a routine corneal epithelial cell mechanical stress, indicating TPMDs and TPMD Ca++ Wvs are common features in corneal epithelial cells that likely play a role in corneal homeostasis and possibly pathophysiological conditions. Intracellular Ca++ stores are the primary Ca++ source for corneal epithelial cell TPMD Ca++ Wvs, with TRPV1 Ca++ channels providing Ca++ in MCECs but not HCECs. Corneal epithelial cell TPMD Ca++ Wv propagation is not influenced by gap junctions or ATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Xiaowen Lu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Mitchell A. Watsky
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
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3
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Thomasy SM, Leonard BC, Greiner MA, Skeie JM, Raghunathan VK. Squishy matters - Corneal mechanobiology in health and disease. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 99:101234. [PMID: 38176611 PMCID: PMC11193890 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2023.101234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The cornea, as a dynamic and responsive tissue, constantly interacts with mechanical forces in order to maintain its structural integrity, barrier function, transparency and refractive power. Cells within the cornea sense and respond to various mechanical forces that fundamentally regulate their morphology and fate in development, homeostasis and pathophysiology. Corneal cells also dynamically regulate their extracellular matrix (ECM) with ensuing cell-ECM crosstalk as the matrix serves as a dynamic signaling reservoir providing biophysical and biochemical cues to corneal cells. Here we provide an overview of mechanotransduction signaling pathways then delve into the recent advances in corneal mechanobiology, focusing on the interplay between mechanical forces and responses of the corneal epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells. We also identify species-specific differences in corneal biomechanics and mechanotransduction to facilitate identification of optimal animal models to study corneal wound healing, disease, and novel therapeutic interventions. Finally, we identify key knowledge gaps and therapeutic opportunities in corneal mechanobiology that are pressing for the research community to address especially pertinent within the domains of limbal stem cell deficiency, keratoconus and Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy. By furthering our understanding corneal mechanobiology, we can contextualize discoveries regarding corneal diseases as well as innovative treatments for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Thomasy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, United States; California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, United States.
| | - Brian C Leonard
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mark A Greiner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, IA, United States
| | - Jessica M Skeie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, IA, United States
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4
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Kado Abdalkader R, Chaleckis R, Fujita T, Kamei KI. Modeling dry eye with an air-liquid interface in corneal epithelium-on-a-chip. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4185. [PMID: 38379013 PMCID: PMC10879145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54736-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a complex ocular condition characterized by an unstable tear film and inadequate tear production, leading to tissue damage. Despite its common occurrence, there is currently no comprehensive in vitro model that accurately reproduce the cellular characteristics of DES. Here we modified a corneal epithelium-on-a-chip (CEpOC) model to recapitulate DES by subjecting HCE-T human corneal epithelial cells to an air-liquid (AL) interface stimulus. We then assessed the effects of AL stimulation both in the presence and absence of diclofenac (DCF), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct gene expression changes in response to AL and AL_DCF, affecting pathways related to development, epithelial structure, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Both treatments upregulated PIEZO2, linked to corneal damage signaling, while downregulating OCLN, involved in cell-cell junctions. They increased the expression of inflammatory genes (e.g., IL-6) and reduced mucin production genes (e.g., MUC16), reflecting dry eye characteristics. Metabolomic analysis showed increased secretion of metabolites associated with cell damage and inflammation (e.g., methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid, lauroyl-carnitine) in response to AL and even more with AL_DCF, indicating a shift in cellular metabolism. This study showcases the potential use of AL stimulus within the CEpOC to induce cellular characteristics relevant to DES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodi Kado Abdalkader
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization (R-GIRO), Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
| | - Romanas Chaleckis
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takuya Fujita
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization (R-GIRO), Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Kamei
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Programs of Biology and Bioengineering, Divisions of Science and Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
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Feng J, Zhang Y. The potential benefits of polyphenols for corneal diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115862. [PMID: 37979379 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea functions as the primary barrier of the ocular surface, regulating temperature and humidity while providing protection against oxidative stress, harmful stimuli and pathogenic microorganisms. Corneal diseases can affect the biomechanical and optical properties of the eye, resulting in visual impairment or even blindness. Due to their diverse origins and potent biological activities, plant secondary metabolites known as polyphenols offer potential advantages for treating corneal diseases owing to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Various polyphenols and their derivatives have demonstrated diverse mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo, exhibiting efficacy against a range of corneal diseases including repair of tissue damage, treatment of keratitis, inhibition of neovascularization, alleviation of dry eye syndrome, among others. Therefore, this article presents a concise overview of corneal and related diseases, along with an update on the research progress of natural polyphenols in safeguarding corneal health. A more comprehensive understanding of natural polyphenols provides a novel perspective for secure treatment of corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.
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Sun CC, Lee SY, Chen LH, Lai CH, Shen ZQ, Chen NN, Lai YS, Tung CY, Tzeng TY, Chiu WT, Tsai TF. Targeting Ca 2+-dependent pathways to promote corneal epithelial wound healing induced by CISD2 deficiency. Cell Signal 2023:110755. [PMID: 37315750 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic epithelial defects of the cornea, which are usually associated with severe dry eye disease, diabetes mellitus, chemical injuries or neurotrophic keratitis, as well as aging, are an unmet clinical need. CDGSH Iron Sulfur Domain 2 (CISD2) is the causative gene for Wolfram syndrome 2 (WFS2; MIM 604928). CISD2 protein is significantly decreased in the corneal epithelium of patients with various corneal epithelial diseases. Here we summarize the most updated publications and discuss the central role of CISD2 in corneal repair, as well as providing new results describing how targeting Ca2+-dependent pathways can improve corneal epithelial regeneration. This review mainly focuses on the following topics. Firstly, an overview of the cornea and of corneal epithelial wound healing. The key players involved in this process, such as Ca2+, various growth factors/cytokines, extracellular matrix remodeling, focal adhesions and proteinases, are briefly discussed. Secondly, it is well known that CISD2 plays an essential role in corneal epithelial regeneration via the maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. CISD2 deficiency dysregulates cytosolic Ca2+, impairs cell proliferation and migration, decreases mitochondrial function and increases oxidative stress. As a consequence, these abnormalities bring about poor epithelial wound healing and this, in turn, will lead to persistent corneal regeneration and limbal progenitor cell exhaustion. Thirdly, CISD2 deficiency induces three distinct Ca2+-dependent pathways, namely the calcineurin, CaMKII and PKCα signaling pathways. Intriguingly, inhibition of each of the Ca2+-dependent pathways seems to reverse cytosolic Ca2+ dysregulation and restore cell migration during corneal wound healing. Notably, cyclosporin, an inhibitor of calcineurin, appears to have a dual effect on both inflammatory and corneal epithelial cells. Finally, corneal transcriptomic analyses have revealed that there are six major functional groupings of differential expression genes when CISD2 deficiency is present: (1) inflammation and cell death; (2) cell proliferation, migration and differentiation; (3) cell adhesion, junction and interaction; (4) Ca2+ homeostasis; (5) wound healing and extracellular matrix; and (6) oxidative stress and aging. This review highlights the importance of CISD2 in corneal epithelial regeneration and identifies the potential of repurposing venerable FDA-approved drugs that target Ca2+-dependent pathways for new uses, namely treating chronic epithelial defects of the cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsien Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Lai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Zhao-Qing Shen
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Ni Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shyun Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Tung
- Genomics Center for Clinical and Biotechnological Applications, Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yu Tzeng
- Genomics Center for Clinical and Biotechnological Applications, Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Fen Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan; Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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TRPV3: Structure, Diseases and Modulators. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020774. [PMID: 36677834 PMCID: PMC9865980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanillin 3 (TRPV3) is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily. As a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, TRPV3 can recognize thermal stimulation (31-39 °C), and it plays an important regulatory role in temperature perception, pain transduction, skin physiology, inflammation, cancer and other diseases. TRPV3 is not only activated by the changes in the temperature, but it also can be activated by a variety of chemical and physical stimuli. Selective TRPV3 agonists and antagonists with regulatory effects and the physiological functions for clinical application are highly demanded. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of TRPV3, but there is still a lack of modulators with a strong affinity and excellent selectivity. This paper reviews the functional characteristics of TRPV3 in terms of the structure, diseases and the research on TRPV3 modulators.
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Transient Receptor Potential Channels: Important Players in Ocular Pain and Dry Eye Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091859. [PMID: 36145607 PMCID: PMC9506338 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder in which the eyes respond to minor stimuli with abnormal sensations, such as dryness, blurring, foreign body sensation, discomfort, irritation, and pain. Corneal pain, as one of DED’s main symptoms, has gained recognition due to its increasing prevalence, morbidity, and the resulting social burden. The cornea is the most innervated tissue in the body, and the maintenance of corneal integrity relies on a rich density of nociceptors, such as polymodal nociceptor neurons, cold thermoreceptor neurons, and mechano-nociceptor neurons. Their sensory responses to different stimulating forces are linked to the specific expression of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. TRP channels are a group of unique ion channels that play important roles as cellular sensors for various stimuli. These channels are nonselective cation channels with variable Ca2+ selectivity. TRP homologs are a superfamily of 28 different members that are subdivided into 7 different subfamilies based on differences in sequence homology. Many of these subtypes are expressed in the eye on both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, where they affect various stress-induced regulatory responses essential for normal vision maintenance. This article reviews the current knowledge about the expression, function, and regulation of TRPs in ocular surface tissues. We also describe their implication in DED and ocular pain. These findings contribute to evidence suggesting that drug-targeting TRP channels may be of therapeutic benefit in the clinical setting of ocular pain.
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Maier M, Olthoff S, Hill K, Zosel C, Magauer T, Wein LA, Schaefer M. KS0365, a novel activator of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) channel, accelerates keratinocyte migration. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:5290-5304. [PMID: 35916168 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ca2+ signalling mediated by the thermosensitive, non-selective, Ca2+ -permeable transient receptor potential channel TRPV3 is assumed to play a critical role in regulating several aspects of skin functions, such as keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, skin barrier formation and wound healing. Studying the function of TRPV3 in skin homeostasis, however, is still constrained by a lack of potent and selective pharmacological modulators of TRPV3. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH By screening an in-house compound library using fluorometric intracellular Ca2+ assays, we identified two chemically related hits. The more potent and efficient TRPV3 activator KS0365 was further evaluated in fluo-4-assisted Ca2+ assays, different Ca2+ imaging approaches, electrophysiological studies, cytotoxicity and migration assays. KEY RESULTS KS0365 activated recombinant and native mouse TRPV3 more potently and with a higher efficacy compared to 2-APB and did not activate TRPV1, TRPV2 or TRPV4 channels. The activation of TRPV3 by KS0365 super-additively accelerated the EGF-induced keratinocyte migration, which was inhibited by the TRP channel blocker ruthenium red or by siRNA-mediated TRPV3 knockdown. Moreover, KS0365 induced strong Ca2+ responses in migrating front cells and in leading edges of keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The selective TRPV3 activator KS0365 triggers increases in [Ca2+ ]i with most prominent signals in the leading edge, and accelerates migration of keratinocytes. TRPV3 activators may promote reepithelialization upon skin wounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Maier
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Olthoff
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hill
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carolin Zosel
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Magauer
- Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Anton Wein
- Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
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Neuberger A, Nadezhdin KD, Sobolevsky AI. Structural mechanism of TRPV3 channel inhibition by the anesthetic dyclonine. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2795. [PMID: 35589741 PMCID: PMC9120478 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin diseases are common human illnesses that occur in all cultures, at all ages, and affect between 30% and 70% of individuals globally. TRPV3 is a cation-permeable TRP channel predominantly expressed in skin keratinocytes, implicated in cutaneous sensation and associated with numerous skin diseases. TRPV3 is inhibited by the local anesthetic dyclonine, traditionally used for topical applications to relieve pain and itch. However, the structural basis of TRPV3 inhibition by dyclonine has remained elusive. Here we present a cryo-EM structure of a TRPV3-dyclonine complex that reveals binding of the inhibitor in the portals which connect the membrane environment surrounding the channel to the central cavity of the channel pore. We propose a mechanism of TRPV3 inhibition in which dyclonine molecules stick out into the channel pore, creating a barrier for ion conductance. The allosteric binding site of dyclonine can serve as a template for the design of new TRPV3-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Neuberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kirill D Nadezhdin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander I Sobolevsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Yao N, Xu Q, He JK, Pan M, Hou ZF, Liu DD, Tao JP, Huang SY. Evaluation of Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Its Active Ingredients as Potential Drugs for the Treatment of Toxoplasmosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:793089. [PMID: 34881197 PMCID: PMC8645793 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.793089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a serious hazard to public health and animal husbandry. Due to the current dilemma of treatment of toxoplasmosis, it is urgent to find new anti-T. gondii drugs to treat toxoplasmosis. In this study, the anti-T. gondii activity of Origanum vulgare essential oil (Ov EO) was firstly studied, and then, carvanol (Ca), the main ingredient of Ov EO was evaluated using the MTT assay on human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells in vitro. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay on HFF cells. The CC50 of Ov EO and Ca was 134.9 and 43.93 μg/ml, respectively. Both of them exhibited anti-parasitic activity, and inhibited the growth of T. gondii in a dose-dependent manner. For the inhibition effect, Ca was better than Ov EO at the same concentration, the IC50 of Ov EO and Ca was 16.08 and 7.688 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, treatment with Ca, was found to change the morphology of T. gondii tachyzoites and made their shapes curl up. These results showed that Ca was able to inhibit the proliferation of T. gondii by reducing invasion, which may be due to its detrimental effect on the mobility of tachyzoites. Our results indicated that Ca could be a potential new and effective drug for treating toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yao
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Xu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Kang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ming Pan
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Feng Hou
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Liu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ping Tao
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Si-Yang Huang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Rozza AL, Beserra FP, Vieira AJ, Oliveira de Souza E, Hussni CA, Martinez ERM, Nóbrega RH, Pellizzon CH. The Use of Menthol in Skin Wound Healing-Anti-Inflammatory Potential, Antioxidant Defense System Stimulation and Increased Epithelialization. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111902. [PMID: 34834317 PMCID: PMC8620938 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing involves inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases, in which various cells and chemical intermediates are involved. This study aimed to investigate the skin wound healing potential of menthol, as well as the mechanisms involved in its effect, after 3, 7, or 14 days of treatment, according to the phases of wound healing. Skin wound was performed in the back of Wistar rats, which were topically treated with vehicle cream; collagenase-based cream (1.2 U/g); or menthol-based cream at 0.25%, 0.5%, or 1.0% over 3, 7, or 14 days. Menthol cream at 0.5% accelerated the healing right from the inflammatory phase (3 days) by decreasing mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and Il-6. At the proliferative phase (7 days), menthol 0.5% increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GR, and GPx, as well as the level of GSH, in addition to decreasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β and augmenting mRNA expression for Ki-67, a marker of cellular proliferation. At the remodeling phase (14 days), levels of inflammatory cytokines were decreased, and the level of Il-10 and its mRNA expression were increased in the menthol 0.5% group. Menthol presented skin wound healing activity by modulating the antioxidant system of the cells and the inflammatory response, in addition to stimulating epithelialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Leite Rozza
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dr. Antonio Celso W Zanin Street, 250, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (F.P.B.); (A.J.V.); (E.O.d.S.); (E.R.M.M.); (R.H.N.); (C.H.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Fernando Pereira Beserra
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dr. Antonio Celso W Zanin Street, 250, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (F.P.B.); (A.J.V.); (E.O.d.S.); (E.R.M.M.); (R.H.N.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Ana Júlia Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dr. Antonio Celso W Zanin Street, 250, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (F.P.B.); (A.J.V.); (E.O.d.S.); (E.R.M.M.); (R.H.N.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Eduardo Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dr. Antonio Celso W Zanin Street, 250, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (F.P.B.); (A.J.V.); (E.O.d.S.); (E.R.M.M.); (R.H.N.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Hussni
- Department of Surgery and Veterinary Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dr. Walter M Correa Street, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil;
| | - Emanuel Ricardo Monteiro Martinez
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dr. Antonio Celso W Zanin Street, 250, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (F.P.B.); (A.J.V.); (E.O.d.S.); (E.R.M.M.); (R.H.N.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Rafael Henrique Nóbrega
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dr. Antonio Celso W Zanin Street, 250, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (F.P.B.); (A.J.V.); (E.O.d.S.); (E.R.M.M.); (R.H.N.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Cláudia Helena Pellizzon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dr. Antonio Celso W Zanin Street, 250, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (F.P.B.); (A.J.V.); (E.O.d.S.); (E.R.M.M.); (R.H.N.); (C.H.P.)
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13
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Neuberger A, Nadezhdin KD, Zakharian E, Sobolevsky AI. Structural mechanism of TRPV3 channel inhibition by the plant-derived coumarin osthole. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e53233. [PMID: 34472684 PMCID: PMC8567229 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPV3, a representative of the vanilloid subfamily of TRP channels, is predominantly expressed in skin keratinocytes and has been implicated in cutaneous sensation and associated with numerous skin pathologies and cancers. TRPV3 is inhibited by the natural coumarin derivative osthole, an active ingredient of Cnidium monnieri, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of a variety of human diseases. However, the structural basis of channel inhibition by osthole has remained elusive. Here we present cryo-EM structures of TRPV3 in complex with osthole, revealing two types of osthole binding sites in the transmembrane region of TRPV3 that coincide with the binding sites of agonist 2-APB. Osthole binding converts the channel pore into a previously unidentified conformation with a widely open selectivity filter and closed intracellular gate. Our structures provide insight into competitive inhibition of TRPV3 by osthole and can serve as a template for the design of osthole chemistry-inspired drugs targeting TRPV3-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Neuberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Kirill D Nadezhdin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Eleonora Zakharian
- Department of Cancer Biology & PharmacologyUniversity of Illinois College of MedicinePeoriaILUSA
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14
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Burrell KL, Nguyen ND, Deering-Rice CE, Memon TA, Almestica-Roberts M, Rapp E, Serna SN, Lamb JG, Reilly CA. Dynamic Expression of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid-3 and Integrated Signaling with Growth Factor Pathways during Lung Epithelial Wound Repair following Wood Smoke Particle and Other Forms of Lung Cell Injury. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:295-307. [PMID: 34290137 PMCID: PMC11037451 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies revealed increased expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3) ion channel after wood smoke particulate matter (WSPM) treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). TRPV3 attenuated pathologic endoplasmic reticulum stress and cytotoxicity mediated by transient receptor potential ankyrin-1. Here, the basis for how TRPV3 expression is regulated by cell injury and the effects this has on HBEC physiology and WSPM-induced airway remodeling in mice was investigated. TRPV3 mRNA was rapidly increased in HBECs treated with WSPM and after monolayer damage caused by tryptic disruption, scratch wounding, and cell passaging. TRPV3 mRNA abundance varied with time, and stimulated expression occurred independent of new protein synthesis. Overexpression of TRPV3 in HBECs reduced cell migration and wound repair while enhancing cell adhesion. This phenotype correlated with disrupted mRNA expression of ligands of the epidermal growth factor, tumor growth factor-β, and frizzled receptors. Accordingly, delayed wound repair by TRPV3 overexpressing cells was reversed by growth factor supplementation. In normal HBECs, TRPV3 upregulation was triggered by exogenous growth factor supplementation and was attenuated by inhibitors of growth factor receptor signaling. In mice, subacute oropharyngeal instillation with WSPM also promoted TRPV3 mRNA expression and epithelial remodeling, which was attenuated by TRPV3 antagonist pre- and cotreatment. This latter effect may be the consequence of antagonist-induced TRPV3 expression. These findings provide insights into the roles of TRPV3 in lung epithelial cells under basal and dynamic states, as well as highlight potential roles for TRPV3 ligands in modulating epithelial damage/repair. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Coordinated epithelial repair is essential for the maintenance of the airways, with deficiencies and exaggerated repair associated with adverse consequences to respiratory health. This study shows that TRPV3, an ion channel, is involved in coordinating repair through integrated repair signaling pathways, wherein TRPV3 expression is upregulated immediately after injury and returns to basal levels as cells complete the repair process. TRPV3 may be a novel target for understanding and/or treating conditions in which airway/lung epithelial repair is not properly orchestrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Burrell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nam D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tosifa A Memon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Marysol Almestica-Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Emmanuel Rapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Samantha N Serna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - John G Lamb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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15
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Lv M, Wu H, Qu Y, Wu S, Wang J, Wang C, Luan Y, Zhang Z. The design and synthesis of transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 inhibitors with novel skeleton. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105115. [PMID: 34175725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) channel as a member of thermo TRPV subfamily is primarily expressed in the keratinocytes of the skin and sensory neurons, and plays critical roles in various physiological and pathological processes such as inflammation, pain sensation and skin disorders. However, TRPV3 studies have been challenging, in part due to a lack of research tools such as selective antagonists. Recently, we synthesized a series of cinnamate ester derivatives and evaluated their inhibitory activities on human TRPV3 channels expressed in HEK293 cells using whole-cell patch clamp recordings. And, we identified two potent TRPV3 antagonists 7c and 8c which IC50 values were 1.05 μM and 86 nM, respectively. It also showed good selectivity to other subfamily members of TRPV, such as TRPV1 and TRPV4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Lv
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yaxuan Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Siyi Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Junxia Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yepeng Luan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongyin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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16
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Liu Q, Wang J, Wei X, Hu J, Ping C, Gao Y, Xie C, Wang P, Cao P, Cao Z, Yu Y, Li D, Yao J. Therapeutic inhibition of keratinocyte TRPV3 sensory channel by local anesthetic dyclonine. eLife 2021; 10:e68128. [PMID: 33876725 PMCID: PMC8112869 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The multimodal sensory channel transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3) is expressed in epidermal keratinocytes and implicated in chronic pruritus, allergy, and inflammation-related skin disorders. Gain-of-function mutations of TRPV3 cause hair growth disorders in mice and Olmsted syndrome in humans. Nevertheless, whether and how TRPV3 could be therapeutically targeted remains to be elucidated. We here report that mouse and human TRPV3 channel is targeted by the clinical medication dyclonine that exerts a potent inhibitory effect. Accordingly, dyclonine rescued cell death caused by gain-of-function TRPV3 mutations and suppressed pruritus symptoms in vivo in mouse model. At the single-channel level, dyclonine inhibited TRPV3 open probability but not the unitary conductance. By molecular simulations and mutagenesis, we further uncovered key residues in TRPV3 pore region that could toggle the inhibitory efficiency of dyclonine. The functional and mechanistic insights obtained on dyclonine-TRPV3 interaction will help to conceive therapeutics for skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Juan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Conghui Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Peiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Peng Cao
- Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ye Yu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Dongdong Li
- Sorbonne Université, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, Neuroscience Paris Seine, CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130ParisFrance
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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17
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Aloum L, Alefishat E, Shaya J, Petroianu GA. Remedia Sternutatoria over the Centuries: TRP Mediation. Molecules 2021; 26:1627. [PMID: 33804078 PMCID: PMC7998681 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sneezing (sternutatio) is a poorly understood polysynaptic physiologic reflex phenomenon. Sneezing has exerted a strange fascination on humans throughout history, and induced sneezing was widely used by physicians for therapeutic purposes, on the assumption that sneezing eliminates noxious factors from the body, mainly from the head. The present contribution examines the various mixtures used for inducing sneezes (remedia sternutatoria) over the centuries. The majority of the constituents of the sneeze-inducing remedies are modulators of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. The TRP channel superfamily consists of large heterogeneous groups of channels that play numerous physiological roles such as thermosensation, chemosensation, osmosensation and mechanosensation. Sneezing is associated with the activation of the wasabi receptor, (TRPA1), typical ligand is allyl isothiocyanate and the hot chili pepper receptor, (TRPV1), typical agonist is capsaicin, in the vagal sensory nerve terminals, activated by noxious stimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujain Aloum
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Eman Alefishat
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (E.A.)
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | - Janah Shaya
- Pre-Medicine Bridge Program, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Georg A. Petroianu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (E.A.)
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18
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Neuberger A, Nadezhdin KD, Sobolevsky AI. TRPV3 expression and purification for structure determination by Cryo-EM. Methods Enzymol 2021; 652:31-48. [PMID: 34059288 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid-superfamily member 3 (TRPV3) channel is implicated in a variety of physiological processes, including temperature sensing, nociception and itch, maintenance of the skin barrier, wound healing, hair growth, and embryonic development. TRPV3 is also associated with various skin diseases, including Olmsted syndrome, atopic dermatitis, and rosacea. Studies of TRPV3 are of fundamental importance for structural pharmacology aimed at the design of drugs targeting this channel and for understanding the molecular basis of temperature sensing. Here we describe a detailed protocol for expression and purification of chemically pure and stable TRPV3 protein that is suitable for structural and functional characterization of this channel, in particular for cryo-EM sample preparation and high-resolution 3D reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Neuberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kirill D Nadezhdin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alexander I Sobolevsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
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19
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Kashio M. Thermosensation involving thermo-TRPs. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 520:111089. [PMID: 33227348 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels constitute a superfamily of large ion channels that are activated by a wide range of chemical, mechanical and thermal stimuli. TRP channels with temperature sensitivity are called thermo-TRPs. They are involved in diverse physiological functions through their detection of external environmental temperature and internal body temperature. Each thermo-TRP has its own characteristic temperature threshold for activation. As a group, they cover temperatures ranging from cold to nociceptive high temperatures. Recently, many studies have identified the functions of thermo-TRPs residing in deep organs where they are exposed to body temperature. Importantly, temperature thresholds of thermo-TRPs can be regulated by physiological factors enabling their function at relatively constant body temperature. Moreover, several thermo-TRPs are reportedly engaged in body temperature regulation. This review will summarize the current understanding of thermo-TRPs, including their roles in thermosensation and functional regulation of physiological responses at body temperature and the regulation of body temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Kashio
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
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20
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Bischof M, Olthoff S, Glas C, Thorn-Seshold O, Schaefer M, Hill K. TRPV3 endogenously expressed in murine colonic epithelial cells is inhibited by the novel TRPV3 blocker 26E01. Cell Calcium 2020; 92:102310. [PMID: 33161279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
TRPV3 is a Ca2+-permeable cation channel, prominently expressed by keratinocytes where it contributes to maintaining the skin barrier, skin regeneration, and keratinocyte differentiation. However, much less is known about its physiological function in other tissues and there is still a need for identifying novel and efficient TRPV3 channel blockers. By screening a compound library, we identified 26E01 as a novel TRPV3 blocker. 26E01 blocks heterologously expressed TRPV3 channels overexpressed in HEK293 cells as assessed by fluorometric intracellular free Ca2+ assays (IC50 = 8.6 μM) but does not affect TRPV1, TRPV2 or TRPV4 channels. Electrophysiological whole-cell recordings confirmed the reversible block of TRPV3 currents by 26E01, which was also effective in excised inside-out patches, hinting to a rather direct mode of action. 26E01 suppresses endogenous TRPV3 currents in the mouse 308 keratinocyte cell line and in the human DLD-1 colon carcinoma cell line (IC50 = 12 μM). In sections of the gastrointestinal epithelium of mice, the expression of TRPV3 mRNA follows a gradient along the gastrointestinal tract, with the highest expression in the distal colon. 26E01 efficiently attenuates 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate-induced calcium influx in primary colonic epithelial cells isolated from the distal colon. As 26E01 neither shows toxic effects on DLD-1 cells at concentrations of up to 100 μM in MTT assays nor on mouse primary colonic crypts as assessed by calcein-AM/propidium iodide co-staining, it may serve as a useful tool to further study the physiological function of TRPV3 in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bischof
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Olthoff
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carina Glas
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Thorn-Seshold
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hill
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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21
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Izutani-Kitano A, Okada Y, Ichikawa K, Reinach PS, Saika S. Alteration of expression pattern of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 and transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 in ocular surface neoplasm. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2020; 10:106-110. [PMID: 32874838 PMCID: PMC7442101 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_12_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We determined if the immunohistochemical expression pattern of transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) family members and TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) differs among a healthy conjunctival epithelium and diseased epithelia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects include a normal conjunctival epithelium, pterygium epithelium, epithelial dysplasia or carcinoma in situ. RESULTS TRPV1, TRPV4 or TRPA1 was detected in both the cytoplasm and nuclei, or in either the nuclei or cytoplasm, of these different epithelial layers, respectively. There was no difference in the expression pattern of these three TRP isoforms. On the other hand, the expression patterns of TRPV2 and TRPV3 differed dramatically among these different subjects. TRPV2 was observed in the basal layer epithelium of a normal conjunctiva and pterygium. Its pattern was scattered in this region, although TRPV2 was absent throughout most of the dysplastic epithelium. TRPV2 was detected only in some of the suprabasal epithelial cells of a carcinoma in situ. TRPV3 was faintly detected in the cytoplasm of all the cell layers and also in the nuclei of some of the basal cells in a normal conjunctiva and in the pterygia epithelium, while in situ it was uniformly expressed in all of the dysplasia and carcinoma nuclei in all epithelial cell layers. CONCLUSION These results suggest that TRPV2 and TRPV3 expression pattern analysis might be potential diagnostic markers of ocular surface epithelial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Izutani-Kitano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kihoku Hospital, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Okada
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kana Ichikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Peter Sol Reinach
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shizuya Saika
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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22
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Lapajne L, Lakk M, Yarishkin O, Gubeljak L, Hawlina M, Križaj D. Polymodal Sensory Transduction in Mouse Corneal Epithelial Cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:2. [PMID: 32271891 PMCID: PMC7401707 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Contact lenses, osmotic stressors, and chemical burns may trigger severe discomfort and vision loss by damaging the cornea, but the signaling mechanisms used by corneal epithelial cells (CECs) to sense extrinsic stressors are not well understood. We therefore investigated the mechanisms of swelling, temperature, strain, and chemical transduction in mouse CECs. Methods Intracellular calcium imaging in conjunction with electrophysiology, pharmacology, transcript analysis, immunohistochemistry, and bioluminescence assays of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release were used to track mechanotransduction in dissociated CECs and epithelial sheets isolated from the mouse cornea. Results The transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) transcriptome in the mouse corneal epithelium is dominated by Trpv4, followed by Trpv2, Trpv3, and low levels of Trpv1 mRNAs. TRPV4 protein was localized to basal and intermediate epithelial strata, keratocytes, and the endothelium in contrast to the cognate TRPV1, which was confined to intraepithelial afferents and a sparse subset of CECs. The TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A induced cation influx and calcium elevations, which were abolished by the selective blocker HC067047. Hypotonic solutions, membrane strain, and moderate heat elevated [Ca2+]CEC with swelling- and temperature-, but not strain-evoked signals, sensitive to HC067047. GSK1016790A and swelling evoked calcium-dependent ATP release, which was suppressed by HC067027 and the hemichannel blocker probenecid. Conclusions These results demonstrate that cation influx via TRPV4 transduces osmotic and thermal but not strain inputs to CECs and promotes hemichannel-dependent ATP release. The TRPV4-hemichannel-ATP signaling axis might modulate corneal pain induced by excessive mechanical, osmotic, and chemical stimulation.
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Transient Receptor Potential Channel Canonical Type 3 Deficiency Antagonizes Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation In Vivo. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1202189. [PMID: 32219126 PMCID: PMC7077044 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1202189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective Myofibroblast transformation has been shown to be associated with the reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) producing enzyme NADPH oxidase (Nox4). Inhibition of transient receptor potential channel canonical type 3 (TRPC3) attenuates mitochondrial calcium handling and ROS production in the vasculature of hypertensive rats. However, it remains elusive whether TRPC3 regulates mitochondrial calcium and ROS production and participates in myofibroblast transdifferentiation during wound healing. Methods and Results In this study, we demonstrated that activation of TRPC3 by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ (TGFαSMA). Inhibition of TRPC3 with its specific inhibitor, Pyr3, significantly decreased TGFβ (TGFαSMA). Inhibition of TRPC3 with its specific inhibitor, Pyr3, significantly decreased TGFβ (TGFβ (TGFTrpc3−/− mice exhibited significantly attenuated myofibroblast transdifferentiation, as demonstrated by decreased αSMA). Inhibition of TRPC3 with its specific inhibitor, Pyr3, significantly decreased TGFβ (TGFβ (TGFTrpc3−/− mice exhibited significantly attenuated myofibroblast transdifferentiation, as demonstrated by decreased Trpc3+/+ mice. In addition, Trpc3−/− mice exhibited significantly attenuated myofibroblast transdifferentiation, as demonstrated by decreased Conclusions Our data indicate that TGFβ1-mediated activation of TRPC3 enhances mitochondrial calcium and ROS production, which promotes myofibroblast transdifferentiation and HTS formation. Inhibition of the TRPC3-mediated Nox4/pSmad2/3 pathway may be a useful strategy to limit HTS formation after injury.β (TGF
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Rubelowski AK, Latta L, Katiyar P, Stachon T, Käsmann-Kellner B, Seitz B, Szentmáry N. HCE-T cell line lacks cornea-specific differentiation markers compared to primary limbal epithelial cells and differentiated corneal epithelium. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 258:565-575. [PMID: 31927639 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-019-04563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Human corneal epithelial cell-transformed (HCE-T) cell line is used as a widely accepted barrier model for pharmacological investigations in the context of eye application. The differentiation of (limbal) corneal epithelial into mature corneal epithelium coincides with the expression of established differentiation markers. If these differentiation mechanisms are disturbed, it will lead to ocular surface disease. In this study, we want to compare the expression of differentiation markers in the HCE-T cell line to differentiated primary epithelial cells (pCECs) and primary limbal epithelial cell (LEC) culture. This is necessary in order to decide whether HCE-T cells could be a tool to study the differentiation process and its regulatory networks in corneal epithelium. METHODS Primary limbal epithelial cells (LECs) for cell culture and primary corneal epithelial cells (pCECs) as differentiated tissue samples were obtained from the limbus or central cornea region of corneal donors. HCE-T cell line was purchased from RIKEN Institute RCB-2280.Expression levels of conjunctival- and corneal-specific keratin and adhesion markers (KRT3, KRT12, KRT13, KRT19, DSG1), stem cell and differentiation markers (PAX6, ABCG2, ADH7, TP63, ALDH1A1), and additional (unvalidated) putative differentiation and stem cell markers (CTSV, SPINK7, DKK1) were analyzed with qPCR. Additionally, KRT3, KRT12, DSG1, and PAX6 protein levels were analyzed with Western blot. RESULTS KRT3, KRT12, DSG1, PAX6, ADH7, and ALDH1A1 mRNA expressions were higher in LECs and magnitudes higher in pCECs compared to HCE-T cells. KRT3, KRT12, PAX6, ALDH1A1, ADH7, TP63, and CTSV mRNAs have shown increasing mRNA expression from HCE-T < HCE-T cultured in keratinocyte serum-free medium (KSFM) < LEC < to pCEC.KRT3 and KRT12 protein expressions were only slightly increased in LEC compared to HCE-T samples, and the strongest signals were seen in pCEC samples. DSG1 protein expression was only detected in pCECs. PAX6 protein expression was hardly detected in HCE-T cells, and no difference could be seen between LECs and pCECs. CONCLUSIONS The HCE-T cell line is even less differentiated than LECs regarding the investigated markers and therefore might also lack the ability to express differentiation markers at protein level. Hence, this cell line is not suitable to study corneal differentiation processes. Primary LECs in the way cultured here are not an ideal system compared to differentiated epithelium in organ culture but should be preferred to HCE-T cells if corneal differentiation markers are investigated. Other cell models or differentiation protocols should be developed in the future to gain new tools for research on ocular surface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Klara Rubelowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Lorenz Latta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - Priya Katiyar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Tanja Stachon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | | | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Um JY, Kang SY, Kim HJ, Chung BY, Park CW, Kim HO. Transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3) channel induces dermal fibrosis via the TRPV3/TSLP/Smad2/3 pathways in dermal fibroblasts. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 97:117-124. [PMID: 31959383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive wound healing can lead to hypertrophic scars, which are not only a cosmetic issue but could also be itchy or painful. Previously, we reported that, in comparison with normal tissue, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) expression was increased in skin burn scars when the activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3) of keratinocytes was increased. However, the functional role of TRPV3 in dermal fibrosis remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine whether TRPV3 affects the collagen production of human primary dermal fibroblasts (HPDFs) and to investigate the mechanism involved. METHOD Human primary dermal fibroblasts were cultured and transformed into myofibroblasts using TSLP and carvacrol. Expression levels of α-SMA, fibronectin, and COL1A1 were determined using qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Ca2+ influx was measured using a calcium-sensitive fluorescent dye, Fura3-AM. Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) and phosphorylated-Smad2/3 were determined by western blotting. Silencing of TRPV3 with TRPV3-specific small interference RNA was evaluated using qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS The expression levels of α-SMA, fibronectin, COL1A1, and TSLP were significantly increased in carvacrol-treated HPDFs. The expression levels of α-SMA, fibronectin, and COL1A1 were significantly increased by TSLP. The expression levels of TSLP and COL1A1 were significantly blocked by TRPV3 silencing in HPDFs. Regulation of Ca2+ influx and the expression levels of NFAT and p-Smad2/3 were significantly increased in carvacrol-treated HPDFs. ECM productions induced via the TRPV3/TSLP/Smad2/3 pathways. CONCLUSIONS The activation of the TRPV3 channels regulates dermal fibrosis by reducing extracellular matrix production via the TRPV3/TSLP/Smad2/3 pathways in dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Um
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Seok Young Kang
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Ji Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Bo Young Chung
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Chun Wook Park
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hye One Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
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27
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McKay TB, Seyed-Razavi Y, Ghezzi CE, Dieckmann G, Nieland TJF, Cairns DM, Pollard RE, Hamrah P, Kaplan DL. Corneal pain and experimental model development. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 71:88-113. [PMID: 30453079 PMCID: PMC6690397 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cornea is a valuable tissue for studying peripheral sensory nerve structure and regeneration due to its avascularity, transparency, and dense innervation. Somatosensory innervation of the cornea serves to identify changes in environmental stimuli at the ocular surface, thereby promoting barrier function to protect the eye against injury or infection. Due to regulatory demands to screen ocular safety of potential chemical exposure, a need remains to develop functional human tissue models to predict ocular damage and pain using in vitro-based systems to increase throughput and minimize animal use. In this review, we summarize the anatomical and functional roles of corneal innervation in propagation of sensory input, corneal neuropathies associated with pain, and the status of current in vivo and in vitro models. Emphasis is placed on tissue engineering approaches to study the human corneal pain response in vitro with integration of proper cell types, controlled microenvironment, and high-throughput readouts to predict pain induction. Further developments in this field will aid in defining molecular signatures to distinguish acute and chronic pain triggers based on the immune response and epithelial, stromal, and neuronal interactions that occur at the ocular surface that lead to functional outcomes in the brain depending on severity and persistence of the stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina B McKay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Yashar Seyed-Razavi
- Center for Translational Ocular Immunology and Cornea Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chiara E Ghezzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Gabriela Dieckmann
- Center for Translational Ocular Immunology and Cornea Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J F Nieland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Dana M Cairns
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Rachel E Pollard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Pedram Hamrah
- Center for Translational Ocular Immunology and Cornea Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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Hossain MZ, Bakri MM, Yahya F, Ando H, Unno S, Kitagawa J. The Role of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels in the Transduction of Dental Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030526. [PMID: 30691193 PMCID: PMC6387147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pain is a common health problem that negatively impacts the activities of daily living. Dentine hypersensitivity and pulpitis-associated pain are among the most common types of dental pain. Patients with these conditions feel pain upon exposure of the affected tooth to various external stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying dental pain, especially the transduction of external stimuli to electrical signals in the nerve, remain unclear. Numerous ion channels and receptors localized in the dental primary afferent neurons (DPAs) and odontoblasts have been implicated in the transduction of dental pain, and functional expression of various polymodal transient receptor potential (TRP) channels has been detected in DPAs and odontoblasts. External stimuli-induced dentinal tubular fluid movement can activate TRP channels on DPAs and odontoblasts. The odontoblasts can in turn activate the DPAs by paracrine signaling through ATP and glutamate release. In pulpitis, inflammatory mediators may sensitize the DPAs. They could also induce post-translational modifications of TRP channels, increase trafficking of these channels to nerve terminals, and increase the sensitivity of these channels to stimuli. Additionally, in caries-induced pulpitis, bacterial products can directly activate TRP channels on DPAs. In this review, we provide an overview of the TRP channels expressed in the various tooth structures, and we discuss their involvement in the development of dental pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zakir Hossain
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Marina Mohd Bakri
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Farhana Yahya
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Hiroshi Ando
- Department of Biology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara, Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Shumpei Unno
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Junichi Kitagawa
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
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Huang R, Wang F, Yang Y, Ma W, Lin Z, Cheng N, Long Y, Deng S, Li Z. Recurrent activations of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 and vanilloid-4 promote cellular proliferation and migration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:206-225. [PMID: 30761248 PMCID: PMC6356177 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Some members of the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) subfamily of cation channels are thermosensitive. Earlier studies have revealed the distribution and functions of these thermo‐TRPVs (TRPV1–4) in various organs, but their expression and function in the human esophagus are not fully understood. Here, we probed for the expression of the thermo‐TRPVs in one nontumor human esophageal squamous cell line and two esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines. TRPV1, TRPV2, and TRPV4 proteins were found to be upregulated in ESCC cells, while TRPV3 was not detectable in any of these cell lines. Subsequently, channel function was evaluated via monitoring of Ca2+ transients by Ca2+ imaging and nonselective cation channel currents were recorded by whole‐cell patch clamp. We found that TRPV4 was activated by heat at 28 °C–35 °C, whereas TRPV1 and TRPV2 were activated by higher, noxious temperatures (44 °C and 53 °C, respectively). Furthermore, TRPV1 was activated by capsaicin (EC50 = 20.32 μm), and this effect was antagonized by AMG9810; TRPV2 was activated by a newly developed cannabinoid compound, O1821, and inhibited by tranilast. In addition, TRPV4 was activated by hypotonic solutions (220 m Osm), and this effect was abolished by ruthenium red. The effects of TRPV1 and TRPV4 on ESCC were also explored. Our data, for the first time, showed that the overactivation of TRPV1 and TRPV4 promoted the proliferation and/or migration of ESCC cells. In summary, TRPV1, TRPV2, and TRPV4 were functionally expressed in human esophageal squamous cells, and thermo‐TRPVs might play an important role in the development of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Zuoxian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Na Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China
| | - Yan Long
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Sihao Deng
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China.,GZMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences Guangzhou Medical University China
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Usui-Kusumoto K, Iwanishi H, Ichikawa K, Okada Y, Sumioka T, Miyajima M, Liu CY, Reinach PS, Saika S. Suppression of neovascularization in corneal stroma in a TRPA1-null mouse. Exp Eye Res 2019; 181:90-97. [PMID: 30633924 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization and inflammatory fibrosis induced by severe injury or infection leads to tissue opacification and even blindness. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channel subtypes contribute to mediating these maladaptive responses through their interactions with other receptors. TRPV1 is one of the contributing channel isoforms inducing neovascularization in an alkali burn mouse wound healing model. VEGF-A upregulation contributes to neovascularization through interaction with its cognate receptors (VEGFR). Since the TRP isoform in this tissue, TRPA1, is also involved, we determined here if one of the pathways mediating neovascularization and immune cell infiltration involve an interaction between VEGFR and TRPA1 in a cauterization corneal mouse wound healing model. Localization of TRPA1 and endothelial cell (EC) CD31 immunostaining pattern intensity determined if TRPA1 expression was EC delimited during cauterization induced angiogenesis. Quantitative RT-PCR evaluated the effects of the absence of TRPA1 function on VEGF-A and TGF-β1 mRNA expression during this process. Macrophage infiltration increased based on rises in F4/80 antigen immunoreactivity. TRPA1 immunostaining was absent on CD31-immunostained EC cells undergoing neovascularization, but it was present on other cell type(s) adhering to EC in vivo. Absence of TRPA1 expression suppressed both stromal neovascularization and inhibited macrophage infiltration. Similarly, the increases occurring in both VEGF-A and TGF-β1 mRNA expression levels in WT tissue were blunted in the TRPA1-/- counterpart. On the other hand, in the macrophages their levels were invariant and their infiltration was inhibited. To determine if promotion by TRPA1 of angiogenesis was dependent on its expression on other unidentified cell types, the effects were compared of pharmacological manipulation of TRPA1 activity on EC proliferation tube formation and migration. In the presence and absence of a fibroblast containing feeder layer. Neither VEGF-induced increases in human vascular endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation nor migration were changed by a TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 in the absence of a feeder layer. However, on a fibroblast feeder layer this antagonist suppressed HUVEC tube formation. In conclusion, during corneal wound healing transactivation by VEGFR of TRPA1 contributes to mediating neovascularization and macrophage infiltration. Such crosstalk is possible because of close proximity between VEGFR delimited expression on EC and TRPA1 expression restricted to cell types adhering to EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Usui-Kusumoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iwanishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
| | - Kana Ichikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
| | - Yuka Okada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan.
| | - Takayoshi Sumioka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
| | - Masayasu Miyajima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
| | | | - Peter S Reinach
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Shizuya Saika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
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Steinritz D, Stenger B, Dietrich A, Gudermann T, Popp T. TRPs in Tox: Involvement of Transient Receptor Potential-Channels in Chemical-Induced Organ Toxicity-A Structured Review. Cells 2018; 7:cells7080098. [PMID: 30087301 PMCID: PMC6115949 DOI: 10.3390/cells7080098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemicals can exhibit significant toxic properties. While for most compounds, unspecific cell damaging processes are assumed, a plethora of chemicals exhibit characteristic odors, suggesting a more specific interaction with the human body. During the last few years, G-protein-coupled receptors and especially chemosensory ion channels of the transient receptor potential family (TRP channels) were identified as defined targets for several chemicals. In some cases, TRP channels were suggested as being causal for toxicity. Therefore, these channels have moved into the spotlight of toxicological research. In this review, we screened available literature in PubMed that deals with the role of chemical-sensing TRP channels in specific organ systems. TRPA1, TRPM and TRPV channels were identified as essential chemosensors in the nervous system, the upper and lower airways, colon, pancreas, bladder, skin, the cardiovascular system, and the eyes. Regarding TRP channel subtypes, A1, M8, and V1 were found most frequently associated with toxicity. They are followed by V4, while other TRP channels (C1, C4, M5) are only less abundantly expressed in this context. Moreover, TRPA1, M8, V1 are co-expressed in most organs. This review summarizes organ-specific toxicological roles of TRP channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Steinritz
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 80937 Munich, Germany.
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Stenger
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 80937 Munich, Germany.
| | - Alexander Dietrich
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Tanja Popp
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 80937 Munich, Germany.
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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Scaffaro R, Lopresti F, D’Arrigo M, Marino A, Nostro A. Efficacy of poly(lactic acid)/carvacrol electrospun membranes against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in single and mixed cultures. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Zhang Q, Cao Y, Luo Q, Wang P, Shi P, Song C, E M, Ren J, Fu B, Sun H. The transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 regulates hypoxia-mediated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12436. [PMID: 29359496 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTVES Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) is a member of the TRP channels family of Ca2+ -permeant cation channels. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of TRPV3 in pulmonary vascular remodeling and PASMCs proliferation under hypoxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of TRPV3 was evaluated in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and hypoxic rats, using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, MTT assay, flow cytometry, Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to investigate the effects of TRPV3 on proliferation of PASMCs. RESULTS We found that, in vivo, the expression of TRPV3 was increased in patients with PAH and hypoxic rats. Right ventricular hypertrophy measurements and pulmonary pathomorphology data show that the ratio of the heart weight/tibia length (HW/TL), the right ventricle/left ventricle plus septum (RV/LV+S) and the medial width of the pulmonary artery were increased in chronic hypoxic rats. Moreover, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Cyclin D, Cyclin E and Cyclin A, phospho-CaMKII (p-CaMKII) were induced by hypoxia. In vitro, we revealed that hypoxia promoted PASMCs viability, increased the expression of PCNA, Cyclin D, Cyclin E, Cyclin A p-CaMKII, made more cells from G0 /G1 phase to G2 /M + S phase, enhanced the microtubule formation, and increased [Ca2+ ]i , which could be suppressed by Ruthenium Red, an inhibitor of TRPV3, and TRPV3 silencing has similar effects. Furthermore, the up-regulated expression of PCNA, Cyclin D, Cyclin E and Cyclin A, the increased number of cells in G2 /M and S phase, and the enhanced activation and expression of PI3K and AKT proteins induced by hypoxia and in presence of carvacrol (an agonist of TRPV3), was significantly attenuated by incubation of LY 294002, a specific inhibitor for PI3K/AKT. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that TRPV3 is involved in hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and promotes proliferation of PASMCs and the effect is, at least in part, mediated via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yonggang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Pilong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Mingyao E
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Bowen Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
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Corneal Nerve Fiber Structure, Its Role in Corneal Function, and Its Changes in Corneal Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3242649. [PMID: 29238714 PMCID: PMC5697388 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3242649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, in vivo confocal microscopy is used to examine the human corneal nerve fibers morphology. Corneal nerve fiber architecture and its role are studied in healthy and pathological conditions. Corneal nerves of rats were studied by nonspecific acetylcholinesterase (NsAchE) staining. NsAchE-positive subepithelial (stromal) nerve fiber has been found to be insensitive to capsaicin. Besides, NsAchE-negative but capsaicin-sensitive subbasal nerve (leash) fibers formed thick mesh-like structure showing close interconnections and exhibit both isolectin B4- and transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 1- (TRPV1-) positive. TRPV1, TRPV3, TRPA (ankyrin) 1, and TRPM (melastatin) 8 are expressed in corneal nerve fibers. Besides the corneal nerve fibers, the expressions of TRPV (1, 3, and 4), TRPC (canonical) 4, and TRPM8 are demonstrated in the corneal epithelial cell membrane. The realization of the importance of TRP channels acting as polymodal sensors of environmental stresses has identified potential drug targets for corneal disease. The pathophysiological conditions of corneal diseases are associated with disruption of normal tissue innervation, especially capsaicin-sensitive small sensory nerve fibers. The relationships between subbasal corneal nerve fiber morphology and neurotrophic keratopathy in corneal diseases are well studied. The recommended treatment for neurotrophic keratopathy is administration of preservative free eye drops.
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Assimakopoulou M, Pagoulatos D, Nterma P, Pharmakakis N. Immunolocalization of cannabinoid receptor type 1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, and transient receptor potential vanilloid channels in pterygium. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5285-5293. [PMID: 28849159 PMCID: PMC5647061 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids, as multi-target mediators, activate cannabinoid receptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels. There is evidence to support a functional interaction of cannabinoid receptors and TRPV channels when they are coexpressed. Human conjunctiva demonstrates widespread cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), CB2 and TRPV channel localization. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression profile for cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and TRPV channels in pterygium, an ocular surface lesion originating from the conjunctiva. Semi-serial paraffin-embedded sections from primary and recurrent pterygium samples were immunohistochemically examined with the use of specific antibodies. All of the epithelial layers in 94, 78, 96, 73 and 80% of pterygia cases, exhibited CB1, CB2, TRPV1, TRPV2 and TRPV3 cytoplasmic immunoreactivity, respectively. The epithelium of all pterygia cases (100%) showed strong, mainly nuclear, TRPV4 immunolocalization. In the pterygium stroma, scattered cells demonstrated intense CB2 immunoreactivity, whereas vascular endothelial cells were immunopositive for the cannabinoid receptors and all TRPV channels. Quantitative analyses of the immunohistochemical findings in epithelial cells demonstrated a significantly higher expression level in conjunctiva compared with primary pterygia (P=0.04) for CB1, but not for CB2 (P>0.05). Additionally, CB1 and CB2 were significantly highly expressed in primary pterygia (P=0.01), compared with recurrent pterygia. Furthermore, CB1 expression levels were significantly correlated with CB2 expression levels in primary pterygia (P=0.005), but not in recurrent pterygia (P>0.05). No significant difference was detected for all TRPV channel expression levels between pterygium (primary or recurrent) and conjunctival tissues (P>0.05). A significant correlation between the TRPV1 and TRPV3 expression levels (P<0.001) was detected independently of pterygium recurrence. Finally, TRPV channel expression was identified to be significantly higher than the expression level of cannabinoid receptors in the pterygium samples (P<0.001). The differentiated expression of cannabinoid receptors in combination with the presence of TRPV channels, in primary and recurrent pterygia, imply a potential role of these cannabinoid targets in the underlying mechanisms of pterygium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Assimakopoulou
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR‑26504 Rio, Greece
| | - Dionysios Pagoulatos
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR‑26504 Rio, Greece
| | - Pinelopi Nterma
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR‑26504 Rio, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Pharmakakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR‑26504 Rio, Greece
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Broad LM, Mogg AJ, Eberle E, Tolley M, Li DL, Knopp KL. TRPV3 in Drug Development. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:E55. [PMID: 27618069 PMCID: PMC5039508 DOI: 10.3390/ph9030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) is a member of the TRP (Transient Receptor Potential) super-family. It is a relatively underexplored member of the thermo-TRP sub-family (Figure 1), however, genetic mutations and use of gene knock-outs and selective pharmacological tools are helping to provide insights into its role and therapeutic potential. TRPV3 is highly expressed in skin, where it is implicated in skin physiology and pathophysiology, thermo-sensing and nociception. Gain of function TRPV3 mutations in rodent and man have enabled the role of TRPV3 in skin health and disease to be particularly well defined. Pre-clinical studies provide some rationale to support development of TRPV3 antagonists for therapeutic application for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions, itch and pain. However, to date, only one compound directed towards block of the TRPV3 receptor (GRC15300) has progressed into clinical trials. Currently, there are no known clinical trials in progress employing a TRPV3 antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Broad
- Lilly Research Centre, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd., Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK.
| | - Adrian J Mogg
- Lilly Research Centre, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd., Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK.
| | - Elizabeth Eberle
- Covance Greenfield Laboratories, Greenfield, Indianapolis, IN 46140, USA.
| | - Marcia Tolley
- Covance Greenfield Laboratories, Greenfield, Indianapolis, IN 46140, USA.
| | - Dominic L Li
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company Inc., Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
| | - Kelly L Knopp
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company Inc., Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
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Schwingshackl A. The role of stretch-activated ion channels in acute respiratory distress syndrome: finally a new target? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L639-52. [PMID: 27521425 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00458.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) and oxygen therapy (hyperoxia; HO) comprise the cornerstones of life-saving interventions for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Unfortunately, the side effects of MV and HO include exacerbation of lung injury by barotrauma, volutrauma, and propagation of lung inflammation. Despite significant improvements in ventilator technologies and a heightened awareness of oxygen toxicity, besides low tidal volume ventilation few if any medical interventions have improved ARDS outcomes over the past two decades. We are lacking a comprehensive understanding of mechanotransduction processes in the healthy lung and know little about the interactions between simultaneously activated stretch-, HO-, and cytokine-induced signaling cascades in ARDS. Nevertheless, as we are unraveling these mechanisms we are gathering increasing evidence for the importance of stretch-activated ion channels (SACs) in the activation of lung-resident and inflammatory cells. In addition to the discovery of new SAC families in the lung, e.g., two-pore domain potassium channels, we are increasingly assigning mechanosensing properties to already known Na(+), Ca(2+), K(+), and Cl(-) channels. Better insights into the mechanotransduction mechanisms of SACs will improve our understanding of the pathways leading to ventilator-induced lung injury and lead to much needed novel therapeutic approaches against ARDS by specifically targeting SACs. This review 1) summarizes the reasons why the time has come to seriously consider SACs as new therapeutic targets against ARDS, 2) critically analyzes the physiological and experimental factors that currently limit our knowledge about SACs, and 3) outlines the most important questions future research studies need to address.
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38
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Murphy TV, Kanagarajah A, Toemoe S, Bertrand PP, Grayson TH, Britton FC, Leader L, Senadheera S, Sandow SL. TRPV3 expression and vasodilator function in isolated uterine radial arteries from non-pregnant and pregnant rats. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 83:66-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Chen GL, Lei M, Zhou LP, Zeng B, Zou F. Borneol Is a TRPM8 Agonist that Increases Ocular Surface Wetness. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158868. [PMID: 27448228 PMCID: PMC4957794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Borneol is a compound widely used in ophthalmic preparations in China. Little is known about its exact role in treating eye diseases. Here we report that transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channel is a pharmacological target of borneol and mediates its therapeutic effect in the eyes. Ca2+ measurement and electrophysiological recordings revealed that borneol activated TRPM8 channel in a temperature- and dose-dependent manner, which was similar to but less effective than the action of menthol, an established TRPM8 agonist. Borneol significantly increased tear production in guinea pigs without evoking nociceptive responses at 25°C, but failed to induce tear secretion at 35°C. In contrast, menthol evoked tearing response at both 25 and 35°C. TRPM8 channel blockers N-(3-Aminopropyl)-2-[(3-methylphenyl)methoxy]-N-(2-thienylmethyl)benzamide hydrochloride (AMTB) and N-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)piperazine-1-carboxamide (BCTC) abolished borneol- and menthol-induced tear secretion. Borneol at micromolar concentrations did not affect the viability of human corneal epithelial cells. We conclude that borneol can activate the cold-sensing TRPM8 channel and modestly increase ocular surface wetness, which suggests it is an active compound in ophthalmic preparations and particularly useful in treating dry eye syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Lan Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, and Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Sichuan Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, and Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Sichuan Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lu-Ping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, and Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Sichuan Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, and Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Sichuan Medical University, Luzhou, China
- * E-mail: (BZ); (FZ)
| | - Fangdong Zou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail: (BZ); (FZ)
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Reinach PS, Mergler S, Okada Y, Saika S. Ocular transient receptor potential channel function in health and disease. BMC Ophthalmol 2015; 15 Suppl 1:153. [PMID: 26818117 PMCID: PMC4895786 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-015-0135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels sense and transduce environmental stimuli into Ca(2+) transients that in turn induce responses essential for cell function and adaptation. These non-selective channels with variable Ca(2+) selectivity are grouped into seven different subfamilies containing 28 subtypes based on differences in amino acid sequence homology. Many of these subtypes are expressed in the eye on both neuronal and non-neuronal cells where they affect a host of stress-induced regulatory responses essential for normal vision maintenance. This article reviews our current knowledge about the expression, function and regulation of TRPs in different eye tissues. We also describe how under certain conditions TRP activation can induce responses that are maladaptive to ocular function. Furthermore, the possibility of an association between TRP mutations and disease is considered. These findings contribute to evidence suggesting that drug targeting TRP channels may be of therapeutic benefit in a clinical setting. We point out issues that must be more extensively addressed before it will be possible to decide with certainty that this is a realistic endeavor. Another possible upshot of future studies is that disease process progression can be better evaluated by profiling changes in tissue specific functional TRP subtype activity as well as their gene and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Reinach
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xuejuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, P. R. China.
| | - Stefan Mergler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Yuka Okada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan.
| | - Shizuya Saika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan.
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Isman E, Aras MH, Cengiz B, Bayraktar R, Yolcu U, Topcuoglu T, Usumez A, Demir T. Effects of laser irradiation at different wavelengths (660, 810, 980, and 1064 nm) on transient receptor potential melastatin channels in an animal model of wound healing. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:1489-95. [PMID: 25863514 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of four different laser wavelengths used for low-level laser therapy(LLLT) on healing of mucositis in an animal model of wound healing, by investigating expression of transient receptor potential melastatin(TRPM) ion channels. Forty-five rats were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil on day 1 and 65 mg/kg on day 3. Superficial scratching on left cheek pouch mucosa was performed on days 3 and 5. After ulcerative mucositis was clinically detected, LLLT was started (660 nm, HELBO; 810 nm, Fotona-XD; 980 nm, ARC-Fox; and 1064 nm, Fidelis-Plus3) at 8 J/cm(2)/day from days 1 to 4. Oval excisional biopsy was performed at the wound site, and expression of TRPM2 to TRPM8 was evaluated. Student's t test was used for evaluation of significance of TRPM gene expression according to "0" value (α = 0.05). In 980-nm group, TRPM4, TRPM6, and TRPM7 were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.005). In 660, 810, and 1064 nm groups, only TRPM6 was significantly higher than in control group (p < 0.005). There were no significant differences between control and sham groups (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that expression of TRPM6 gene was significantly affected by irradiation with lasers at different wavelengths, whereas the TRPM4 and TRPM7 genes were only expressed in the 980-nm diode laser group. TRPM6 gene was highly expressed during LLLT, which may lead to accelerated wound healing and tissue repair. In contrast, there was some evidence that the 980-nm diode laser caused increased expression of TRPM4, TRPM6, and TRPM7 which are responsible for stimulation of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) metabolism, as well as apoptotic pathways of controlled cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eren Isman
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, 27310, Turkey,
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Reinach PS, Chen W, Mergler S. Polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function. EYE AND VISION 2015; 2:5. [PMID: 26605361 PMCID: PMC4655450 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-015-0016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ levels at orders of magnitude below those in the extracellular environment is a requisite for preserving cell viability. Membrane channels contribute to such control through modulating their time-dependent opening and closing behaviour. Such regulation requires Ca2+ to serve as a second messenger mediating receptor control of numerous life-sustaining responses. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels signal transduce a wide variety of different sensory stimuli to induce responses modulating cellular function. These channels are non-selective cation channels with variable Ca2+ selectivity having extensive sequence homology. They constitute a superfamily made up of 28 different members that are subdivided into 7 different subfamilies based on differences in sequence homology. Some of these TRP channel isotypes are expressed in the eye and localized to both neuronal and non-neuronal cell membranes. Their activation generates intracellular Ca2+ transients and other downstream-linked signalling events that affect numerous responses required for visual function. As there is an association between changes in functional TRP expression in various ocular diseases, there are efforts underway to determine if these channels can be used as drug targets to reverse declines in ocular function. We review here our current knowledge about the expression, function and regulation of TRPs in different eye tissues in health and disease. Furthermore, some of the remaining hurdles are described to developing safe and efficacious TRP channel modulators for use in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Reinach
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027 P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027 P.R. China
| | - Stefan Mergler
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
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Sousa-Valente J, Andreou AP, Urban L, Nagy I. Transient receptor potential ion channels in primary sensory neurons as targets for novel analgesics. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:2508-27. [PMID: 24283624 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed an explosion in novel findings relating to the molecules involved in mediating the sensation of pain in humans. Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels emerged as the greatest group of molecules involved in the transduction of various physical stimuli into neuronal signals in primary sensory neurons, as well as, in the development of pain. Here, we review the role of TRP ion channels in primary sensory neurons in the development of pain associated with peripheral pathologies and possible strategies to translate preclinical data into the development of effective new analgesics. Based on available evidence, we argue that nociception-related TRP channels on primary sensory neurons provide highly valuable targets for the development of novel analgesics and that, in order to reduce possible undesirable side effects, novel analgesics should prevent the translocation from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane and the sensitization of the channels rather than blocking the channel pore or binding sites for exogenous or endogenous activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sousa-Valente
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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Veldhuis NA, Poole DP, Grace M, McIntyre P, Bunnett NW. The G Protein–Coupled Receptor–Transient Receptor Potential Channel Axis: Molecular Insights for Targeting Disorders of Sensation and Inflammation. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 67:36-73. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Aijima R, Wang B, Takao T, Mihara H, Kashio M, Ohsaki Y, Zhang J, Mizuno A, Suzuki M, Yamashita Y, Masuko S, Goto M, Tominaga M, Kido MA. The thermosensitive TRPV3 channel contributes to rapid wound healing in oral epithelia. FASEB J 2014; 29:182-92. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-251314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reona Aijima
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral AnatomyGraduate School of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFaculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySagaJapan
- Division of Histology and NeuroanatomyDepartment of Anatomy and PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySagaJapan
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral AnatomyGraduate School of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Tomoka Takao
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral AnatomyGraduate School of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Mihara
- Division of Cell SignalingOkazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences)National Institutes of Natural SciencesOkazakiJapan
| | - Makiko Kashio
- Division of Cell SignalingOkazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences)National Institutes of Natural SciencesOkazakiJapan
| | - Yasuyoshi Ohsaki
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral AnatomyGraduate School of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Jing‐Qi Zhang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral AnatomyGraduate School of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Atsuko Mizuno
- Department of PharmacologyJichi Medical UniversityShimotsukeJapan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of PharmacologyJichi Medical UniversityShimotsukeJapan
| | - Yoshio Yamashita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFaculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySagaJapan
| | - Sadahiko Masuko
- Division of Histology and NeuroanatomyDepartment of Anatomy and PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySagaJapan
| | - Masaaki Goto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFaculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySagaJapan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell SignalingOkazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences)National Institutes of Natural SciencesOkazakiJapan
| | - Mizuho A. Kido
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral AnatomyGraduate School of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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Mergler S, Valtink M, Takayoshi S, Okada Y, Miyajima M, Saika S, Reinach PS. Temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels in corneal tissue layers and cells. Ophthalmic Res 2014; 52:151-9. [PMID: 25301091 DOI: 10.1159/000365334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We here provide a brief summary of the characteristics of transient receptor potential channels (TRPs) identified in corneal tissue layers and cells. In general, TRPs are nonselective cation channels which are Ca(2+) permeable. Most TRPs serve as thermosensitive molecular sensors (thermo-TRPs). Based on their functional importance, the possibilities are described for drug-targeting TRP activity in a clinical setting. TRPs are expressed in various tissues of the eye including both human corneal epithelial and endothelial layers as well as stromal fibroblasts and stromal nerve fibers. TRP vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) heat receptor, also known as capsaicin receptor, along with TRP melastatin type 8 (TRPM8) cold receptor, which is also known as menthol receptor, are prototypes of the thermo-TRP family. The TRPV1 functional channel is the most investigated TRP channel in these tissues, owing to its contribution to maintaining tissue homeostasis as well as eliciting wound healing responses to injury. Other thermo-TRP family members identified in these tissues are TRPV2, 3 and 4. Finally, there is the TRP ankyrin type 1 (TRPA1) cold receptor. All of these thermo-TRPs can be activated within specific temperature ranges and transduce such inputs into chemical and electrical signals. Although several recent studies have begun to unravel complex roles for thermo-TRPs such as TRPV1 in corneal layers and resident cells, additional studies are needed to further elucidate their roles in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mergler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Suntres ZE, Coccimiglio J, Alipour M. The Bioactivity and Toxicological Actions of Carvacrol. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 55:304-18. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.653458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Deering-Rice CE, Mitchell VK, Romero EG, Abdel Aziz MH, Ryskamp DA, Križaj D, Gopal VR, Reilly CA. Drofenine: A 2-APB Analogue with Greater Selectivity for Human TRPV3. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2014; 2:e00062. [PMID: 25089200 PMCID: PMC4115637 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3) is a member of the TRPV subfamily of TRP ion channels. The physiological functions of TRPV3 are not fully understood, in part, due to a lack of selective agonists and antagonists that could both facilitate the elucidation of roles for TRPV3 in mammalian physiology as well as potentially serve as therapeutic agents to modulate conditions for which altered TRPV3 function has been implicated. In this study, the Microsource Spectrum Collection was screened for TRPV3 agonists and antagonists using alterations in calcium flux in TRPV3 overexpressing human embryonic kidney-293 (HEK-293) cells. The antispasmodic agent drofenine was identified as a new TRPV3 agonist. Drofenine exhibited similar potency to the known TRPV3 agonists 2-aminoethoxydiphenylboronate (2-APB) and carvacrol in HEK-293 cells, but greater selectivity for TRPV3 based on a lack of activation of TRPA1, V1, V2, V4, or M8. Multiple inhibitors were also identified, but all of the compounds were either inactive or not specific. Drofenine activated TRPV3 via interactions with the residue, H426, which is required for TRPV3 activation by 2-APB. Drofenine was a more potent agonist of TRPV3 and more cytotoxic than either carvacrol or 2-APB in human keratinocytes and its effect on TRPV3 in HaCaT cells was further demonstrated using the antagonist icilin. Due to the lack of specificity of existing TRPV3 modulators and the expression of multiple TRP channels in cells/tissue, drofenine may be a valuable probe for elucidating TRPV3 functions in complex biological systems. Identification of TRPV3 as a target for drofenine may also suggest a mechanism by which drofenine acts as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 E., Room 201 Skaggs Hall, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Virginia K Mitchell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 E., Room 201 Skaggs Hall, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Erin G Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 E., Room 201 Skaggs Hall, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - May H Abdel Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 E., Room 201 Skaggs Hall, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Daniel A Ryskamp
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of Utah, Room S4140 Moran Eye Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - David Križaj
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of Utah, Room S4140 Moran Eye Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - V Raj Gopal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 E., Room 201 Skaggs Hall, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Mergler S, Derckx R, Reinach PS, Garreis F, Böhm A, Schmelzer L, Skosyrski S, Ramesh N, Abdelmessih S, Polat OK, Khajavi N, Riechardt AI. Calcium regulation by temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels in human uveal melanoma cells. Cell Signal 2013; 26:56-69. [PMID: 24084605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is both the most common and fatal intraocular cancer among adults worldwide. As with all types of neoplasia, changes in Ca(2+) channel regulation can contribute to the onset and progression of this pathological condition. Transient receptor potential channels (TRPs) and cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) are two different types of Ca(2+) permeation pathways that can be dysregulated during neoplasia. We determined in malignant human UM and healthy uvea and four different UM cell lines whether there is gene and functional expression of TRP subtypes and CB1 since they could serve as drug targets to either prevent or inhibit initiation and progression of UM. RT-PCR, Ca(2+) transients, immunohistochemistry and planar patch-clamp analysis probed for their gene expression and functional activity, respectively. In UM cells, TRPV1 and TRPM8 gene expression was identified. Capsaicin (CAP), menthol or icilin induced Ca(2+) transients as well as changes in ion current behavior characteristic of TRPV1 and TRPM8 expression. Such effects were blocked with either La(3+), capsazepine (CPZ) or BCTC. TRPA1 and CB1 are highly expressed in human uvea, but TRPA1 is not expressed in all UM cell lines. In UM cells, the CB1 agonist, WIN 55,212-2, induced Ca(2+) transients, which were suppressed by La(3+) and CPZ whereas CAP-induced Ca(2+) transients could also be suppressed by CB1 activation. Identification of functional TRPV1, TRPM8, TRPA1 and CB1 expression in these tissues may provide novel drug targets for treatment of this aggressive neoplastic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mergler
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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Targeting TRP channels for pain relief. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 716:61-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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