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Nie WZ, Shen QK, Quan ZS, Guo HY, Li YM. Bioactivities and Structure-Activity Relationships of Usnic Acid Derivatives: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1368-1384. [PMID: 38265368 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575277085231123165546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Usnic acid has a variety of biological activities, and has been widely studied in the fields of antibacterial, immune stimulation, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic. Based on this, usnic acid is used as the lead compound for structural modification. In order to enhance the biological activity and solubility of usnic acid, scholars have carried out a large number of structural modifications, and found some usnic acid derivatives to be of more potential research value. In this paper, the structural modification, biological activity and structure-activity relationship of usnic acid were reviewed to provide reference for the development of usnic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhe Nie
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Ya-Mei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Asadi N, Yousefi E, Tappeh KH, Khademvatan S. Anti-toxoplasma and Cytotoxic Activities of Holothuria leucospilota Extract and TiO 2NPs In vitro and In vivo. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:e170122200295. [PMID: 35078399 DOI: 10.2174/1871526522666220117120303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An impressive treatment for toxoplasmosis is the combinatory use of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine. However, both the drugs involve significant side effects and toxicity for the host. Therefore, the discovery of new anti-toxoplasma medications with high efficacy and less to no side effects is urgently needed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the anti-toxoplasmic effects of Holothuria leucospilota (H. leucospilota) extract and TiO2NPs on the cell death of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) tachyzoites in vitro and serum liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP), and also to evaluate the immune response and production of IL-5, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in a mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity of TiO2NPs and H. leucospilota extract against the tachyzoite of T. gondii was evaluated by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The levels of serum TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-5, and liver enzymes were measured, as well. All the groups were subjected to T. gondii, and the survival rate of experimental mice was evaluated. RESULTS Our findings suggested in vivo and in vitro anti-toxoplasmic activity of TiO2NPs and H. leucospilota extract by inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of T. gondii tachyzoite. In addition, a significant increase in IFN-γ and TNF-α production was observed in mice treated with high doses of TiO2NPs and H. leucospilota extract. However, IL-5 levels decreased in TiO2NPs and H. leucospilota extract-treated mice. Our results also showed a highly significant increase (P < 0.05) in the levels of ALT, AST, and ALP in the groups injected with TiO2NPs and H. leucospilota extract, but not the control group. CONCLUSION TiO2NPs and H. leucospilota extract have greater anti-toxoplasma effects in vitro and in vivo. These two compounds could be considered as a candidate for use against toxoplasmosis, both therapeutically and prophylactically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Asadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute & Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Elham Yousefi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute & Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Khosrow Hazrati Tappeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute & Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shahram Khademvatan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute & Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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3
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Insecticidal and Antiprotozoal Properties of Lichen Secondary Metabolites on Insect Vectors and Their Transmitted Protozoal Diseases to Humans. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13080342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the long-term application of synthetic chemicals as insecticides and the chemotherapy of protozoal diseases have had various negative effects (non-target effects, resistance), research on less harmful biological products is underway. This review is focused on lichens with potential insecticidal and antiprotozoal activity. Literature sources (27) were surveyed from five bibliographic databases and analyzed according to the taxonomic group of the insect, the protozoal disease and the lichen, the type of bioactive compounds (including method of application and mount applied), and the potential bioactivity based on mortalities caused after 24 h of exposure on insects and on parasitic protozoa. Six species of protozoa and five species of mosquitoes, three kinds of larval stages of insects and three protozoa stages were tested. Insecticidal and antiprotozoal effects of crude extracts and seven lichen secondary metabolites (mostly usnic acid) of 32 lichen species were determined. Physiological and morphological changes on parasitic protozoa were observed. Mortality rates caused by LSMs on insect vectors closer to (or somewhat above) the WHO threshold were considered to be insecticides. The results are based on laboratory experiments; however, the efficacy of metabolites should be confirmed in the field and on non-human primates to control the insect vectors and human protozoal diseases transmitted by insects.
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Tatipamula VB, Nguyen HT, Kukavica B. Beneficial Effects of Liposomal Formulations of Lichen Substances: A Review. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 19:252-259. [PMID: 34259144 DOI: 10.2174/1567201818666210713110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lichens are commonly used as essential traditional medicines to treat various conditions, including skin disorders, wounds, digestive, respiratory, obstetric, and gynecological problems in many cultures in Africa, Asia, Europe, Haitian, Oceania, and North and South America. Lichens have been deeply investigated for their phytochemical properties, and to date, numerous compounds (also known as substances) have been successfully isolated from the extracts. However, the low solubility and bioavailability of pure lichen substances have been widely recognized as the significant issues hindering their biological applications. Recently, several groups have investigated the properties and the potential applications of lichen metabolites-based liposomal formulations and revealed a substantial improvement in their solubility, bioactivity, and toxicity in the animal. Thus, in this topical review, we aimed to provide an overview of liposomal structures, the efficacy of liposomal formulations, as well as their beneficial effects as compared to the free compounds themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ha Thi Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Biljana Kukavica
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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5
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Shcherbakova A, Strömstedt AA, Göransson U, Gnezdilov O, Turanov A, Boldbaatar D, Kochkin D, Ulrich-Merzenich G, Koptina A. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Evernia prunastri extracts and their isolates. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:129. [PMID: 34232401 PMCID: PMC8263414 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03099-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lichens are symbiotic organisms formed by a fungus and one or more photosynthetic partners which are usually alga or cyanobacterium. Their diverse and scarcely studied metabolites facilitate adaptability to extreme living conditions. We investigated Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach., a widely distributed lichen, for its antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. E. prunastri was sequentially extracted by hexane (Hex), dichloromethane (DCM) and acetonitrile (ACN) that were screened for their antioxidant and antimicrobial (against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans) activities. The Hex extract possessed the highest antioxidant capacity (87 mg ascorbic acid/g extract) corresponding to the highest content of phenols (73 mg gallic acid/g extract). The DCM and Hex extracts were both active against S. aureus (MICs of 4 and 21 µg/ml, respectively) but were less active against Gram-negative bacteria and yeast. The ACN extract exhibited activity on both S. aureus (MIC 14 µg/ml) and C. albicans (MIC 38 µg/ml) and was therefore further fractionated by silica gel column chromatography. The active compound of the most potent fraction was subsequently characterized by 1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopy and identified as evernic acid. Structural similarity analyses were performed between compounds from E. prunastri and known antibiotics from different classes. The structural similarity was not present. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of E. prunastri extracts originate from multiple chemical compounds; besides usnic acid, most notably evernic acid and derivatives thereof. Evernic acid and its derivatives represent possible candidates for a new class of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shcherbakova
- Volga State University of Technology, Lenin Sq., 3, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia, 424000
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
- Medical Clinic III, AG Synergy Research and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - A A Strömstedt
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - U Göransson
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - O Gnezdilov
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sibirsky Tract, 10/7, Kazan, Russia, 420029
| | - A Turanov
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sibirsky Tract, 10/7, Kazan, Russia, 420029
| | - D Boldbaatar
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
- The Liver Center, Dalai Tower, Unesco Street 31, Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar, 14230, Mongolia
| | - D Kochkin
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, 1-12 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119234
| | - G Ulrich-Merzenich
- Medical Clinic III, AG Synergy Research and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Koptina
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Azadi Y, Ahmadpour E, Ahmadi A. Targeting Strategies in Therapeutic Applications of Toxoplasmosis: Recent Advances in Liposomal Vaccine Delivery Systems. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:541-558. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666191023151423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a prevalent parasitic pathogen that infected over one-third of the global population. Toxoplasmosis is diagnosed by isolating the parasite and detecting host antibodies. In contrast, the main problem with diagnosis relates to the sensitivity and specificity of the tests. Currently, treatment with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine is recommended, despite their side effects and toxicity to humans. Moreover, the absence of a vaccine to completely protect against this infection is the main obstacle to the effective treatment and prevention of toxoplasmosis. Recently, nanoparticles and nanomaterials have been studied as delivery systems for the immunization and treatment of T. gondii infections. One of the most important applications of liposomes is drug and vaccine delivery, due to their biodegradability, low inherent toxicity, and immunogenicity. Liposomes are flexible delivery systems and immunological adjuvants able not only to load diverse antigens, such as proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates but also to combine them with immunostimulators. Liposomes have the incredible potential within the development of modern types of vaccines and numerous endeavors have been made to improve the effectiveness of vaccines in recent years. In this review, we concentrate on the viable targeting strategies of liposome-based vaccine delivery systems to prevent, control and treat toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaghob Azadi
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadpour
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Montazeri M, Mirzaee F, Daryani A, Naeimayi R, Moradi Karimabad S, Khalilzadeh Arjmandi H, Esmaealzadeh N, Shahani S. Anti- Toxoplasma Activities of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Some Brassicaceae Species. Adv Biomed Res 2020; 9:5. [PMID: 32055539 PMCID: PMC7003551 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_206_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a protozoan parasite that infects a wide range of warm-blooded animals and humans. The conventional anti-Toxoplasma treatments cause significant toxicity. Brassicaceae family contains several medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive, insecticide, antibacterial, antiviral, and antiparasitic effects. In this study, the hydroalcoholic extract of some Brassicaceae species was investigated against T. gondiiin vitro. Materials and Methods: Seeds of Alyssum homolocarpum, Lepidium perfoliatum, Lepidium sativum, and aerial parts of Nasturtium officinale and Capsellabursa-pastoris were extracted by maceration method using 80% ethanol. Vero cells were treated with different concentrations (5–600 μg/mL) of the extracts and pyrimethamine (as positive control), and the cellular viability was verified. Next, Vero cells were infected by T. gondii tachyzoites (RH strain), and the viability of the infected cells was measured by a colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Results: The 50% inhibitory concentration values were 5.1, 14.67, 32.49, 37.31, 71.35, and 2.63 μg/mL, and the selectivity indices were 8.06, 2.59, 0.74, 0.78, 0.65 (P < 0.05 compared with positive control), and 3.03 for L. sativum, L. perfoliatum, N. officinale, A. homolocarpum, C. bursa-pastoris, and pyrimethamine, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the hydroalcoholic extracts of L. sativum and L. perfoliatum have the promising anti-Toxoplasma activity by growth inhibition of T. gondii tachyzoites in infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbobeh Montazeri
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mirzaee
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Raheleh Naeimayi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shohre Moradi Karimabad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Khalilzadeh Arjmandi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Niusha Esmaealzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Somayeh Shahani
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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8
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Deng Y, Wu T, Zhai SQ, Li CH. Recent progress on anti-Toxoplasma drugs discovery: Design, synthesis and screening. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111711. [PMID: 31585276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii severely threaten the health of immunocompromised patients and pregnant women as this parasite can cause several disease, including brain and eye disease. Current treatment for toxoplasmosis commonly have high cytotoxic side effects on host and require long durations ranging from one week to more than one year. The regiments lack efficacy to eradicate T. gondii tissue cysts to cure chromic infection results in the needs for long treatment and relapsing disease. In addition, there has not been approved drugs for treating the pregnant women infected by T. gondii. Moreover, Toxoplasma vaccine researches face a wide variety of challenges. Developing high efficient and low toxic agents against T. gondii is urgent and important. Over the last decade, tremendous progress have been made in identifying and developing novel compounds for the treatment of toxoplasmosis. This review summarized and discussed recent advances between 2009 and 2019 in exploring effective agents against T. gondii from five aspects of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences & Pharmaceuticals, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, 402460, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences & Pharmaceuticals, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, 402460, China
| | - Shao-Qin Zhai
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences & Pharmaceuticals, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, 402460, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences & Pharmaceuticals, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, 402460, China.
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9
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Piska K, Galanty A, Koczurkiewicz P, Żmudzki P, Potaczek J, Podolak I, Pękala E. Usnic acid reactive metabolites formation in human, rat, and mice microsomes. Implication for hepatotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:112-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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Si H, Xu C, Zhang J, Zhang X, Li B, Zhou X, Zhang J. Licochalcone A: An effective and low-toxicity compound against Toxoplasma gondii in vitro and in vivo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2018; 8:238-245. [PMID: 29684680 PMCID: PMC6039310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan, is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, which can cause serious public health problems. The current drugs used to treat toxoplasmosis have many limitations. This study evaluated the anti-T. gondii activity and potential mechanism of Licochalcone A (Lico A) in vitro and in vivo. The safe concentration of Lico A in HFF cells was determined by MTT cell viability assays. The presence of T. gondii was assessed by qPCR and Giemsa staining. Azithromycin and sulfadiazine, commonly used effective treatments, served as drug controls. T. gondii ultrastructural alterations were observed by electron microscopy. The anti-T. gondii activity of Lico A was evaluated using an in vivo mouse infection model. In vitro, Lico A had no negative effect on host cell viability at concentrations below 9 μg/mL; however, it did inhibit T. gondii proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.848 μg/mL. Electron microscopy analyses indicated substantial structural and ultrastructural changes in tachyzoites after Lico A treatment. Nile Red staining assays demonstrated that Lico A caused lipid accumulation. Lico A treatment significantly increased the survival rate of BALB/c mice infected with T. gondii. Lico A achieved the same therapeutic effect as a commonly used clinical drugs (combination of sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine and folinic acid). In conclusion, Lico A has strong anti-T. gondii activity in vitro and in vivo and might be developed into a new anti-T. gondii drug. Moreover, Lico A may exert these effects by interfering with lipid metabolism in the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Si
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Chunyan Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jili Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Xukun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Bing Li
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Xuzheng Zhou
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China.
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11
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Francolini I, Piozzi A, Donelli G. Usnic Acid: Potential Role in Management of Wound Infections. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1214:31-41. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Qu C, Zhang L, Du X, Zhang X, Zheng J, Zhao Y, Tu P. Preparation and evaluation of wet-milled usnic acid nanocrystal suspension for better bioaffinity. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 44:707-712. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1409756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changhai Qu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Operating Subsidiaries, Beijing Tongrentang Shares Group LTD, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xueying Du
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiao Zheng
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yunfang Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
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Ganley JG, Toro-Moreno M, Derbyshire ER. Exploring the Untapped Biosynthetic Potential of Apicomplexan Parasites. Biochemistry 2017; 57:365-375. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack G. Ganley
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Maria Toro-Moreno
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Emily R. Derbyshire
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department
of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, 213 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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14
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Assolini JP, Concato VM, Gonçalves MD, Carloto ACM, Conchon-Costa I, Pavanelli WR, Melanda FN, Costa IN. Nanomedicine advances in toxoplasmosis: diagnostic, treatment, and vaccine applications. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:1603-1615. [PMID: 28477099 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii that affects about one third of the world's population. The diagnosis of this disease is carried out by parasite isolation and host antibodies detection. However, the diagnosis presents problems in regard to test sensitivity and specificity. Currently, the most effective T. gondii treatment is a combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, although both drugs are toxic to the host. In addition to the problems that compromise the effective diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis, there are no reports or indications of any vaccine capable of fully protecting against this infection. Nanomaterials, smaller than 1000 nm, are currently being investigated as an alternative tool in the management of T. gondii infection. This article reviews how recent nanotechnology advances indicate the utility of nanomaterials in toxoplasmosis diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Assolini
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Virginia Márcia Concato
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Manoela Daiele Gonçalves
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ivete Conchon-Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Francine Nesello Melanda
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Idessania Nazareth Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. .,Departamento de Ciências Patológicas - Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Campus Universitário, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, PR, 86051-990, Brazil.
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15
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Dong J, Li J, Wang J, Li F, Yang J, Gong P, Li H, Zhang X. Identification and characterization of GRA6/GRA7 of Neospora caninum in MDBK cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:361-366. [PMID: 28338718 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neospora caninum, an apicomplexan parasite, is recognized as a major bovine abortifacient. Dense granule antigens (GRAs) play important roles in the formation and modification of parasitophorous vacuoles (PVs) in Toxoplasma gondii. However, a few studies investigating GRAs have been reported in N. caninum. The aim of the present study was to characterize the dense GRA6/GRA7 of N. caninum in PVs using MDBK cells as a host cell model. Neospora caninum was inoculated into MDBK cells, and changes were observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Neospora caninum GRA6/GRA7 were identified and characterized using bioinformatics, cell fractionation, and immunofluorescence. The TEM results revealed that integrated PVs were present in MDBK cells after N. caninum infection. Bioinformatics analysis showed that NcGRA6/NcGRA7 shared 28.76% and 29.66% homology with T. gondii GRA6/GRA7 (TgGRA6/TgGRA7) but had similar signal peptides, transmembrane domains, and motifs. Cell fractionation and subcellular localization analyses both showed that NcGRA6 was distributed in the lumen and intravacuolar network in soluble and transmembrane forms. The transmembrane form of NcGRA7 was observed in the PV membrane. These data lay a foundation for further study on bovine neosporosis and NcGRA6/NcGRA7 function during PV formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingquan Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Ju Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Pengtao Gong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - He Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xichen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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16
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Si K, Wei L, Yu X, Wu F, Li X, Li C, Cheng Y. Data on (+)-usnic acid: A new application to treat toxoplasmosis. Data Brief 2016; 8:648-53. [PMID: 27437438 PMCID: PMC4939410 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii pathogen is a threat to human health that results in economic burden. Unfortunately, there are very few high-efficiency and low-toxicity drugs for toxoplasmosis in the clinic. (+)-Usnic acid derived from lichen species has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-parasitology, and even anti-cancer activities. In associated with the published article "Effects of (+)-Usnic Acid and (+)-Usnic Acid-Liposome on Toxoplasma gondii" [1], this dataset article provided the detailed information of experimental designing, methods, features as well as the raw data of (+)-usnic acid and (+)-usnic acid-liposome on toxoplasma in vivo and vitro. (+)-Usnic acid may be a potential agent for treating toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwei Si
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Linlin Wei
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710004, PR China
| | - Xiaozhuo Yu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Feng Wu
- Center of Teaching Experiment for Postgraduate in Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Yanbin Cheng
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, PR China
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