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Haas RA, Crișan I, Vârban D, Vârban R. Aerobiology of the Family Lamiaceae: Novel Perspectives with Special Reference to Volatiles Emission. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1687. [PMID: 38931119 PMCID: PMC11207455 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Lamiaceae is a botanical family rich in aromatic species that are in high demand such as basil, lavender, mint, oregano, sage, and thyme. It has great economical, ecological, ethnobotanical, and floristic importance. The aim of this work is to provide an updated view on the aerobiology of species from the family Lamiaceae, with an emphasis on novelties and emerging applications. From the aerobiology point of view, the greatest interest in this botanical family is related to the volatile organic compounds emitted by the plants and, to a much lesser extent, their pollen. Research has shown that the major volatile organic compounds emitted by the plants from this botanical family are monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The most important monoterpenes reported across studies include α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, menthol, limonene, and γ-terpinene. Most reports tend to cover species from the subfamily Nepetoideae. Volatile oils are produced by glandular trichomes found on aerial organs. Based on general morphology, two main types are found in the family Lamiaceae, namely peltate and capitate trichomes. As a result of pollinator-mediated transfer of pollen, Lamiaceae species present a reduced number of stamens and quantity of pollen. This might explain the low probability of pollen presence in the air from these species. A preliminary synopsis of the experimental evidence presented in this work suggests that the interplay of the organic particles and molecules released by these plants and their environment could be leveraged for beneficial outcomes in agriculture and landscaping. Emerging reports propose their use for intercropping to ensure the success of fructification, increased yield of entomophilous crops, as well as in sensory gardens due to the therapeutic effect of volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioana Crișan
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.A.H.); (D.V.); (R.V.)
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Ammar H, Touihri I, Kholif AE, M’Rabet Y, Jaouadi R, Chahine M, Marti MEDH, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E, Hosni K. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Leaves of Ajuga Iva. Molecules 2022; 27:7102. [PMID: 36296695 PMCID: PMC9607272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this research was to study the biological characteristics in terms of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Ajuga iva and determine the best analytical and extraction methods applicable to this specie and studied compounds. A short screening of its nutritional value in terms of chemical composition is also included. A. iva leaves were analyzed for crude protein (CP), cell wall [neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL)], minerals, fatty acids, essential oils, and phenolic compounds. Mature aerial parts of A. iva were randomly collected during the Spring season from Mograne-Zaghouan, Tunisia. Leaves of A. iva contained 13.4 ± 0.4% CP, 26.3 ± 0.35% NDF, 20.2 ± 0.42% ADF, and 5.13 ± 0.21% ADL. Mineral content (13.0 ± 0.45%) was mainly composed of potassium (4.5% g DM) and magnesium (4.25% DM). Leaves of A. iva had linolenic (26.29 ± 0.760%) and linoleic (37.66 ± 2.35%) acids as the main components of the acid profile. Thymol was found to be the most dominant (23.43%) essential oil, followed by 4-vinylguaiacol (14.27%) and linalool (13.66%). HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS analysis pointed out the presence of phytoecdysteroids. Phenolic acids and flavonoids, such as glycosylated derivatives of naringenin, eriodyctiol, and apigenin, were detected in the methanol extract of A. iva leaves. Our results underline the importance of choosing proper extraction methods and solvents to extract and characterize the described compounds profile of A. iva leaves. Results also show A. iva leaves as a potential source of functional ingredients with beneficial health-promoting properties. Overall, leaves of A. iva have low biological activities (antioxidant and antimicrobial activities) with a chemical composition suitable as a feed for ruminants in rangeland pasture. It also has low-grade antibacterial or medicinal characteristics when fed to ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Ammar
- Laboratoire de Systèmes de Production Agricole et Développement Durable “SPADD”, University of Carthage, Ecole Supérieure d’Agriculture de Mograne, Mograne Zaghouan 1121, Tunisia
| | - Imen Touihri
- Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Institut National de Recherche et d’Analyse Physico-Chimique (INRAP), Biotechpôle de Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Eid Kholif
- Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St. Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Yassine M’Rabet
- Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Institut National de Recherche et d’Analyse Physico-Chimique (INRAP), Biotechpôle de Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
| | - Rym Jaouadi
- Laboratoire de Systèmes de Production Agricole et Développement Durable “SPADD”, University of Carthage, Ecole Supérieure d’Agriculture de Mograne, Mograne Zaghouan 1121, Tunisia
| | - Mireille Chahine
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, 315 Falls Ave, Twin Falls, ID 83301, USA
| | | | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development New Agriculture Building, University of Reading, Earley Gate Whiteknights Road, P.O. Box 237, Reading RG6 6EU, Berkshire, UK
| | - Karim Hosni
- Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Institut National de Recherche et d’Analyse Physico-Chimique (INRAP), Biotechpôle de Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
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Boukada F, Meddah B. Flavonoids from aerial part of Algerian Ajuga iva (L.) schreb.: The HPLC-UV analysis and Antioxidant capacity. KRAGUJEVAC JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/kgjsci2143023b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The study deals with the evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of extracts from the aerial part of Algerian Ajuga iva. Extraction of flavonoids was carried out by 85% of methanol, then the crude extract was successively separated with ethyl acetate, butanol, and water. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, reducing power, and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances assays. Extracts are subject to HPLC-UV analysis. The average total phenol contents of extracts vary between 3.87 ± 0.17 and 149.74 ± 3.94 (gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry extract). Furthermore, tested extracts exhibited a broad range of flavonoid contents varying from 1.54 ± 0.09 to 41.18 ± 1.03 (catechin equivalent per gram of dry extract). Butanol and ethyl acetate fractions displayed the highest antioxidant activity. A good correlation between the phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antioxidant activity was observed. Rutin, caffeic acid, quercetin, p-coumaric acid, luteolin, and cinnamic acid were present in the extracts. The plant could be a potential source of antioxidant agents.
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