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Taurine prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the calpain-1/cytochrome c pathway during RVH in broilers. Amino Acids 2020; 52:453-463. [PMID: 32108265 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02824-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The calpain-1-activated apoptotic pathway plays a key role in right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). Taurine has been shown to attenuate apoptosis by inhibiting calpain activity. This experiment aimed to determine whether taurine could prevent RVH by inhibiting the calpain-1/cytochrome c apoptotic pathway. The broilers were given 1% taurine dissolved in drinking water and were raised at 10 °C ~ 12 °C from day 21 to day 42. At 21 d, 28 d, 35 d and 42 d, the right ventricular (RV) tissues were collected. Increased RVH index, angiotensin II, norepinephrine and atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA expression were reduced by taurine in the broiler RVs. Taurine obviously inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis via maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in the broiler RVs. The antioxidant assay demonstrated that taurine enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase and the glutathione/glutathione disulfide ratio. Western blot results revealed that taurine also downregulated the expression of calpain-1 and cytosolic cytochrome c while upregulating the expression of Bcl-2/Bax and mitochondrial cytochrome c in broiler cardiomyocytes during RVH. In summary, we found that taurine could enhance cardiomyocyte antioxidant ability and further prevented cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the calpain-1/cytochrome c pathway during RVH in broilers.
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Association between elevated plasma aldosterone concentration and left atrial conduit function in hypertension. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL CARDIOLOGY HYPERTENSION 2019; 2:100015. [PMID: 33447748 PMCID: PMC7803024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchy.2019.100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aldosterone affects myocardial fibrosis and remodeling. The aim was to investigate the relationship between plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and left atrial (LA) function in hypertension. 148 hypertensive patients were studied. LA phasic function was evaluated by strain and strain rate imaging. Patients were divided into two groups based on PAC. LA early diastolic strain and strain rate (LAS-E and LASR-E) were lower in group II compared with group I (P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that LAS-E was independently related to PAC (β = −0.581, P < 0.001). In conclusion, PAC is associated with LA conduit function in hypertension.
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Yang X, Yang R, Li X, Zheng X. Danshensu attenuates aldosterone-induced cardiomyocytes injury through interfering p53 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4994-5000. [PMID: 28765913 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure, characterized by impaired systolic and/or diastolic function, is a common cardiovascular disease. The loss of cardiomyocytes due to various factors, including through necrosis or apoptosis can result in heart failure. Previous studies have indicated that excessive aldosterone (ALD) serves an essential role in the process of heart failure, and the heart is also one of the direct targets of ALD, which can provoke hypertrophy and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of danshensu (DSS) on ALD‑induced cardiomyocytes injury. The present results demonstrated that DSS increased cell viability and decreased the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase in cardiomyocytes exposed to ALD. In addition, DSS decreased the apoptotic rate of ALD‑stimulated cells. Further research indicated that DSS‑ and cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53)‑alone or combination treatment was able to decrease the expression levels of apoptosis regulator BAX and caspase‑3, and increase the expression of apoptosis regulator B‑cell lymphoma (Bcl)‑2 in ALD‑stimulated cardiomyocytes. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that DSS inhibits the harmful effects of ALD on cardiomyocytes via interfering with the p53 signaling pathway. These results provide novel evidence for the potential protective effects of DSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Anyang District Hospital, Anyang, Henan 455000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Anyang District Hospital, Anyang, Henan 455000, P.R. China
| | - Xianli Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Anyang District Hospital, Anyang, Henan 455000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular, Anyang District Hospital, Anyang, Henan 455000, P.R. China
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Xu H, Li J, Zhao Y, Liu D. TNFα-induced downregulation of microRNA-186 contributes to apoptosis in rat primary cardiomyocytes. Immunobiology 2017; 222:778-784. [PMID: 28233577 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Progressive loss of cardiac cardiomyocytes is involved in pathogenesis of heart failure. Inflammation is considered as a major risk factor that triggers cardiomyocytes apoptosis or induces cellular damage. Proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα can directly activate cell apoptosis or promote oxidant production that damages cellular structure eventually. We investigated TNFα mediated apoptosis in cultured rat primary cardiomyocytes. Annexin V/PI staining and apoptosis biomarker expression were used to examine cardiomyocytes cell apoptosis response. We also identified key microRNA that plays a regulatory role in this pathway with genetic and biochemical approaches. Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) expression was found to be upregulated with 10μg/ml or 50μg/ml TNFα stimulation for 24h, which was associated with apoptotic index. Subsequently, miR-186 was identified as direct regulator of AIF in TNFα mediated cardiomyocytes apoptosis from microRNA expression profiling. miR-186 level was downregulated with TNFα treatment that was correlated with AIF induction. Last, in the rescue experiment, miR-186 mimic protected cardiomyocytes against TNFα mediated apoptosis. Collectively, the results suggest TNFα-induced AIF upregulation contributes to apoptosis in rat primary cardiomyocytes through regulating miR-186 expression, which implies miR-186 could be a potential therapeutic target for preventing inflammation associated cardiac damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, NO. 9 Saertu District, Daqing City, 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Jingyao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, NO. 9 Saertu District, Daqing City, 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, NO. 9 Saertu District, Daqing City, 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dayi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, NO. 9 Saertu District, Daqing City, 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China
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W. Smith A, K. Ray S, Das A, Nozaki K, Rohrer B, L. Banik N. Calpain inhibition as a possible new therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2017.4.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Mei M, Tang F, Lu M, He X, Wang H, Hou X, Hu J, Xu C, Han R. Astragaloside IV attenuates apoptosis of hypertrophic cardiomyocyte through inhibiting oxidative stress and calpain-1 activation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:764-773. [PMID: 26433482 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Calpain-1 activation and oxidative stress are two critical factors contributing to apoptosis of hypertrophic cardiomyocyte. Astragaloside IV (ASIV) exhibits protective effect against various heart diseases. The present study was designed to investigate whether the inhibitory effect of ASIV on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced apoptosis of hypertrophic cardiomyocyte was associated with the anti-oxidation and calpain-1 inhibition. Hypertrophy, apoptosis, mitochondrial oxidative stress and calpain-1 expression were measured in the heart tissue of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and H9C2 cells treated with ISO alone or combination with ASIV. The results showed that ASIV attenuated apoptotic rate, increased Bcl-2 expression, decreased Bax expression, ameliorated the integrity of mitochondrial structure and improved mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, ASIV combination reduced both calpain-1 protein expression and calpain activity, down-regulated mitochondrial NOX4 (mito-NOX4) expression, increased activity of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (mito-SOD) and mitochondrial catalase (mito-CAT) compared to ISO treated alone. The results suggested that ASIV exerted anti-apoptosis effect on ISO-induced hypertrophic cardiomyocyte by attenuating oxidative stress and calpain-1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Mei
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Drug Research Institute, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Futian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Drug Research Institute, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Meili Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Drug Research Institute, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xin He
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, PR China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Drug Research Institute, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Xuwei Hou
- Human Anatomy Department of Liaoning Medical University, PR China
| | - Jin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Drug Research Institute, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Chonghua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Drug Research Institute, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ronghui Han
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Drug Research Institute, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, PR China
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Shang L, Huang JF, Ding W, Chen S, Xue LX, Ma RF, Xiong K. Calpain: a molecule to induce AIF-mediated necroptosis in RGC-5 following elevated hydrostatic pressure. BMC Neurosci 2014; 15:63. [PMID: 24884644 PMCID: PMC4023497 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-15-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RIP3 (Receptor-interacting protein 3) pathway was mainly described as the molecular mechanism of necroptosis (programmed necrosis). But recently, non-RIP3 pathways were found to mediate necroptosis. We deliberate to investigate the effect of calpain, a molecule to induce necroptosis as reported (Cell Death Differ 19:245-256, 2012), in RGC-5 following elevated hydrostatic pressure. RESULTS First, we identified the existence of necroptosis of RGC-5 after insult by using necrostatin-1 (Nec-1, necroptosis inhibitor) detected by flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot were used to detect the expression of calpain. Western blot analysis was carried out to describe the truncated AIF (tAIF) expression with or without pretreatment of ALLN (calpain activity inhibitor). Following elevated hydrostatic pressure, necroptotic cells pretreated with or without ALLN was stained by Annexin V/PI, The activity of calpain was also examined to confirm the inhibition effect of ALLN. The results showed that after cell injury there was an upregulation of calpain expression. Upon adding ALLN, the calpain activity was inhibited, and tAIF production was reduced upon injury along with the decreased number of necroptosis cells. CONCLUSION Our study found that calpain may induce necroptosis via tAIF-modulation in RGC-5 following elevated hydrostatic pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 172 Tongzi Po Road, 410013 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ju-Fang Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 172 Tongzi Po Road, 410013 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 172 Tongzi Po Road, 410013 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 172 Tongzi Po Road, 410013 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li-Xiang Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Fei Ma
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 172 Tongzi Po Road, 410013 Changsha, Hunan, China
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Fan X, Zhang Q, You C, Qian Y, Gao J, Liu P, Chen H, Song H, Chen Y, Chen K, Zhou Y. Proteolysis of the human DNA polymerase delta smallest subunit p12 by μ-calpain in calcium-triggered apoptotic HeLa cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93642. [PMID: 24691096 PMCID: PMC3972206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of p12 subunit of human DNA polymerase delta (Pol δ) that results in an interconversion between Pol δ4 and Pol δ3 forms plays a significant role in response to replication stress or genotoxic agents triggered DNA damage. Also, the p12 is readily degraded by human calpain in vitro. However, little has been done for the investigation of its degree of participation in any of the more common apoptosis. Here, we first report that the p12 subunit is a substrate of μ-calpain. In calcium-triggered apoptotic HeLa cells, the p12 is degraded at 12 hours post-induction (hpi), restored thereafter by 24 hpi, and then depleted again after 36 hpi in a time-dependent manner while the other three subunits are not affected. It suggests a dual function of Pol δ by its interconversion between Pol δ4 and Pol δ3 that is involved in a novel unknown apoptosis mechanism. The proteolysis of p12 could be efficiently blocked by both calpain inhibitor ALLN and proteasome inhibitor MG132. In vitro pull down and co-immunoprecipitation assays show that the μ-calpain binds to p12 through the interaction of μ-calpain with Pol δ other three subunits, not p12 itself, and PCNA, implying that the proteolysis of p12 by μ-calpain might be through a Pol δ4/PCNA complex. The p12 cleavage sites by μ-calpain are further determined as the location within a 16-amino acids peptide 28-43 by in vitro cleavage assays. Thus, the p12/Pol δ is a target as a nuclear substrate of μ-calpain in a calcium-triggered apoptosis and appears to be a potential marker in the study of the chemotherapy of cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Fan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao You
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxia Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqing Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Song
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Keping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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9
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Xiao TT, Wang YY, Zhang Y, Bai CH, Shen XC. Similar to spironolactone, oxymatrine is protective in aldosterone-induced cardiomyocyte injury via inhibition of calpain and apoptosis-inducing factor signaling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88856. [PMID: 24551180 PMCID: PMC3923837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that oxymatrine (OMT) possesses variously pharmacological properties, especially on the cardiovascular system. We previously demonstrated that activated calpain/apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-mediated pathway was the key molecular mechanism in aldosterone (ALD) induces cardiomyocytes apoptosis. In the present study, we extended the experimentation by investigating the effect of OMT on cardiomyocytes exposed to ALD, as compared to spironolactone (Spiro), a classical ALD receptor antagonist. Cardiomyocytes were pre-incubated with OMT, Spiro or vehicle for 1 h, and then, cardiomyocytes were exposed to ALD 24 h. The cell injury was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage ratio. Apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, annexin V/PI staining, and relative caspase-3 activity assay. Furthermore, expression of pro-apoptotic proteins including truncated Bid (tBid), calpain and AIF were evaluated by western blot analysis. ALD stimulation increased cardiomyocytes apoptosis, caspase-3 activity and protein expression of calpain, tBid and AIF in the cytosol (p<0.05). Pre-incubated with cardiomyocytes injury and increased caspase-3 activity were significantly attenuated (p<0.05). Furthermore, OMT suppressed ALD-induced high expression of calpain and AIF. And these effects of OMT could be comparable to Spiro. These findings indicated that OMT might be a potential cardioprotective-agent against excessive ALD-induced cardiotoxicity, at least in part, mediated through inhibition of calpain/AIF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Xiao
- Research Division of Pharmacology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tang, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Research Division of Pathophysiology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Research Division of Pharmacology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Cong-Hui Bai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- Research Division of Pharmacology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Life Science,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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