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Vukajlović JT, Djordjević K, Tosti T, Simić I, Grbović F, Milošević-Djordjević O. In vitro effect of Lenzites betulinus mushroom against therapy-induced DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with acute coronary syndrome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118640. [PMID: 39084274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represents a group of diseases that are the result of reduced blood flow to the heart. There are natural products, based on mushrooms, used traditionally in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY Assessment of the potential protective effect of L. betulinus mushroom against therapy-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes of patients with ACS in relation to the phytochemical properties of the mushroom. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 30 ACS patients and 30 healthy controls. The genotoxic potential of acetone and ethanol extract of L. betulinus was evaluated using the comet assay. The contents of minerals were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Determination of sugars and organic acids was performed using a DIONEX ICS 3000 DP liquid chromatography system. Analysis of fatty acids was performed at Focus GC coupled with PolarisQ mass spectrometer. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the mushroom extracts were measured using spectrophotometric methods. The qualitative and quantitative content of polyphenolic compounds was investigated by the UHPLC-DADMS/MS method. RESULTS The comet assay showed that both mushroom extracts did not increase the level of DNA damage in the lymphocytes of healthy individuals, while they significantly decreased the %DNA damage and genetic damage index (p < 0.0005) in the therapy-induced lymphocytes of patients. The mushroom was very rich in phytochemical composition. The results showed that the most abundant components in the mushroom were phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur, and calcium among minerals and glucose, fructose, galactose, sorbitol, and turanose among carbohydrates. Among organic acids were present in higher concentrations malic, citric, and maleic acids, while among fatty acids, the most abundant were trans-linoleic, cis-oleic, palmitic, docosahexaenoic and eicosadienoic acids. The results showed that the highest amount of total phenols and flavonoids in the mushroom extracts were obtained in the acetone extract. The most abundant polyphenolic compounds were chlorogenic acid and quercetin in both extracts of mushroom. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that L. betulinus can be considered a mushroom with a high nutritional and functional value. Extracts of the mushroom were not genotoxic in tested concentrations in cultured human lymphocytes of healthy individuals, while in ACS patients they manifested a protective effect against therapy-induced DNA damage. The acetone extract showed a stronger protective effect against therapy-induced DNA damage, which is consistent with its phytochemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Tubić Vukajlović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Djordjević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tomislav Tosti
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Simić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia; University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Department of Cardiology, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Filip Grbović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Olivera Milošević-Djordjević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia; University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Genetics, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Stojek K, Krośniak M, Bobrowska-Korczak B, Czortek P, Decock L, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Verbeken A, Verheyen K, Jaroszewicz B. The concentrations of microelements in forest mushrooms are influenced by soil pH and C/N ratio and less by stand characteristics. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 86:127534. [PMID: 39303548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The fruitbodies or sporocarps formed by mushrooms can accumulate mineral elements, such as selenium, zinc or copper, making them an important source of micronutrients essential to humans. However, the literature about environmental factors affecting mineral composition in mushrooms is scarce and limited to the ambiguous impact of soil properties and region. In our study, we investigated the effects of tree stand characteristics (tree species and tree canopy cover), understory cover, and soil properties (pH and C/N ratio of the soil) on the concentration of minerals in six edible mushroom species: Laccaria laccata, L. proxima, L. amethystina, Lepista nuda, Lycoperdon perlatum, and Calvatia excipuliformis, collected on 20 plots covered by stands of different tree species composition and varying in the understory cover. We estimated the concentration of eight elements (Zn, Se, Mg, Mn, Cu, Co, Cr, Mo) using the ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry) technique and compared their concentration between the plots, using ordination and linear regression methods. Our research revealed that mushroom species identity, including its ecological role and phylogenetic affinity, had the greatest effect on the mineral composition of mushrooms. The effect of environmental factors depended also on the micronutrient identity. Some elements were not affected at all (Co, Cr), some only by soil reaction or C/N ratio (Mn, Mg, Cu), while others were influenced by both tree stand characteristics and soil properties (Se, Zn, Mo). This knowledge enables us to maximize the content of minerals in harvested mushrooms by collecting them in specific areas. For example, mushrooms, which are sources of Se and Zn, can be gathered in coniferous forests characterized by acid soils, low canopy cover, and minimal understory cover. This targeted collection approach can effectively increase the mineral content in harvested mushrooms, thereby enhancing their health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Stojek
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Białowieża Geobotanical Station, Sportowa 19, Białowieża 17-230, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
| | | | - Patryk Czortek
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Białowieża Geobotanical Station, Sportowa 19, Białowieża 17-230, Poland
| | - Lucas Decock
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, Melle-Gontrode 9090, Belgium
| | | | - Annemieke Verbeken
- Research Group Mycology, Dpt. Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Gent B-9000, Begium
| | - Kris Verheyen
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, Melle-Gontrode 9090, Belgium
| | - Bogdan Jaroszewicz
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Białowieża Geobotanical Station, Sportowa 19, Białowieża 17-230, Poland
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Kherlenchimeg N, Burenbaatar G, Baasanmunkh S, Tsegmed Z, Urgamal M, Bau T, Han SK, Oh SY, Choi HJ. Improved Understanding of the Macrofungal Diversity of Mongolia: Species Richness, Conservation Status, and An Annotated Checklist. MYCOBIOLOGY 2024; 52:13-29. [PMID: 38415175 PMCID: PMC10896165 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2023.2297485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we updated and revised the checklist of macrofungi, along with the distribution of phytogeographical regions and the regional conservation status in Mongolia. The checklist comprises 677 macrofungal species belonging to 284 genera and 119 families in the country. Based on previous studies, 18 species are currently invasive to Mongolia. In this checklist, only four species are endemic to Mongolia. Among the 677 species, the regional conservation status of 51 species was previously assessed as threatened in the country. Furthermore, we collected all available occurrence records from various sources. A total of 4733 occurrences of 655 species across Mongolia were analyzed for species richness based on a 0.5° × 0.5° grid cell size. We found the records to be unevenly distributed across Mongolia, where records from the northern and central parts dominate. Among these, we identified 43 grids with a high diversity of macrofungal species. Most of these grids did not reside inside by protected geographical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyamsuren Kherlenchimeg
- Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetic of Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Ganbaatar Burenbaatar
- Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetic of Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (North), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- School of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | - Zagarjav Tsegmed
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Magsar Urgamal
- Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetic of Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Tolgor Bau
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (North), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Sang-Kuk Han
- Division of Forest Biodiversity, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Yoon Oh
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Hyeok Jae Choi
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, South Korea
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Gordanić SV, Kostić AŽ, Krstić Đ, Vuković S, Kilibarda S, Marković T, Moravčević Đ. A detailed survey of agroecological status of Allium ursinum across the republic of Serbia: Mineral composition and bioaccumulation potential. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22134. [PMID: 38034710 PMCID: PMC10685369 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the content of twenty-two biogenic elements (BEs) and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the soil and fresh Allium ursinum leaves from 43 different locations, in order to examine their bioaccumulation potential. Analyses of soil and plant material were carried out by using Inductively Coupled Plasma coupled with Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), a mercury analyzer (Hg), liquid chromatography (Cr), and AAS hybrid technique (As). The obtained results of the investigated elements were compared with the proposed limit values. The soil contamination factor (CF) as well as plant bioaccumulation factor (BAF) were calculated and the correlation analysis was performed. The results showed that the content of some BEs/PTEs in the soil were above the limit values, with two locations highly contaminated (CF > 6) with five (Cr(VI), Cu, Mn, Ni, V) and four (As, Co, Pb, V) elements. The content of As, Cd, Cr, and Pb in the leaves was higher than the permitted levels at some locations. The BAF was high (K, Ca, Zn, As), medium (Mg, Cu, B, Ni, Na, Pb), and low (Fe, Mn, Cr). The correlation between BEs/PTEs content in the leaves and soil was not significant, except for the following elements: Cd (0.37), Ca (0.34), As (0.36), Pb (0.30), and Na (0.25). The observed medium correlation suggested that the detected elements originated both from the atmosphere and the soil. Although A. ursinum at examined locations seemed to be mostly safe for consumption, a selective mechanism of adoption of certain BEs/PTEs requires continuous monitoring of their content in the future, to avoid quantities that can jeopardize human health through its consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan V. Gordanić
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research „dr J. Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Ž. Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đurđa Krstić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Vuković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Department for Crop and Vegetable Production, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sofija Kilibarda
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Department for Crop and Vegetable Production, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Marković
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research „dr J. Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Moravčević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Department for Crop and Vegetable Production, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
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Alaimo MG, Varrica D. Platinum and Palladium Accumulation in Edible Mushroom Boletus aereus Bull. Growing in Unpolluted Soils of Sicily Region (Italy). J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:914. [PMID: 37755022 PMCID: PMC10532657 DOI: 10.3390/jof9090914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human exposure to certain metals occurs indirectly through diet. This study was conducted to determine the content of Pt and Pd in fruiting bodies of Boletus aereus Bull. collected from several wooded areas of Sicily with different substrates (sedimentary and volcanic) with limited anthropogenic influence. Determinations were performed by coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to quantify Pt and Pd. The concentrations of investigated Pt and Pd in mushroom samples ranged from 0.31 to 3.09 ng g-1 for palladium and 0.21 to 4.22 ng g-1 for platinum. The results of the present study suggest that commonly consumed Boletus aereus mushrooms do not accumulate significant levels of Pt and Pd as demonstrated by bioconcentration factor (BCF) values, and their content is lower than in other food products. Additionally, based on the calculated daily intake rates of Pt and Pd, it can be concluded that occasional consumption of fruiting bodies of B. aereus collected in Sicily is safe. The proposed methodological approach appears to be fully adequate for the reliable quantification of Pt and Pd. The data obtained in this investigation confirm that mushrooms are probative of a significant portion of the total exposure to PGEs due to the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Alaimo
- Dipartimento Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), Via Archirafi 22, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
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Zsigmond AR, Fejér I, Kántor I, May Z, Urák I. Influence of the urban environment on four mushroom species in the light of their elemental composition. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139052. [PMID: 37245597 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The mushrooms are living organisms with excellent capability to adapt to the multiple challenges of their environment. Several species are well represented in urban green areas (parks, green spots, and recreation grounds). We investigated the influence of the urban environment over two saprotrophic (Bovista plumbea, Lycoperdon perlatum) and two mycorrhizal (Amanita rubescens, Suillus granulatus) species commonly present in urban parks of Cluj-Napoca, a major city of Romania. Three control sites close to the city were chosen. We determined 19 elements (Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, S, Si, Sr, Ti, and Zn) in the fruiting bodies of mushrooms and in soils by ICP OES technique. S. granulatus was the most sensible species to the urban pollution; this species accumulated 130 and 4.40 mg kg-1 (dry weight) median concentrations of Al and Ni, respectively. The highest concentration of Ag, Cu and Fe was determined in B. plumbea (3.18, 83.7 and 141 mg kg-1, respectively) and L. perlatum (4.68, 91.0 and 125 kg-1, respectively) collected from the city. The saprotrophic species contained appreciably higher concentrations of Ag, Cu, Fe, Mg, P, and S than the mycorrhizal ones. Common feature of all four species was the higher Ag and Sr concentrations in the fruiting bodies of urban origin. Our results suggest that the unique defence mechanisms of the species might have higher impact over the elemental profile of the mushrooms than the soil properties. We propose L. perlatum and S. granulatus as suitable indicator species of the urban pollution with regard to inorganic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea R Zsigmond
- Department of Environmental Science, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Calea Turzii 4, 400193, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ingrid Fejér
- Department of Environmental Science, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Calea Turzii 4, 400193, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Izolda Kántor
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán May
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Urák
- Department of Environmental Science, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Calea Turzii 4, 400193, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Liuzzi GM, Petraglia T, Latronico T, Crescenzi A, Rossano R. Antioxidant Compounds from Edible Mushrooms as Potential Candidates for Treating Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081913. [PMID: 37111131 PMCID: PMC10145943 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The last century has seen an increase in our life expectancy. As a result, various age-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), have emerged, representing new challenges to society. Oxidative stress (OS), a condition of redox imbalance resulting from excessive production of reactive oxygen species, represents a common feature that characterizes the brains of elderly people, thus contributing to NDs. Consequently, antioxidant supplementation or dietary intake of antioxidant-containing foods could represent an effective preventive and therapeutic intervention to maintain the integrity and survival of neurons and to counteract the neurodegenerative pathologies associated with aging. Food contains numerous bioactive molecules with beneficial actions for human health. To this purpose, a wide range of edible mushrooms have been reported to produce different antioxidant compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, polysaccharides, vitamins, carotenoids, ergothioneine, and others, which might be used for dietary supplementation to enhance antioxidant defenses and, consequently, the prevention of age-related neurological diseases. In this review, we summarized the role of oxidative stress in age-related NDs, focusing on the current knowledge of the antioxidant compounds present in edible mushrooms, and highlighting their potential to preserve healthy aging by counteracting age-associated NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Maria Liuzzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Tania Petraglia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Tiziana Latronico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Aniello Crescenzi
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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Biochemical characterization and bioactivity of methanolic and acetonic extracts of Laetiporus sulphureus basidiocarps. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01742-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Badshah H, Khan MU, Mumtaz AS. Elucidating Heavy Metals Concentration and Distribution in Wild Edible Morels and the Associated Soil at Different Altitudinal Zones of Pakistan: a Health Risk Implications Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03496-w. [PMID: 36434421 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates macro-nutrient (MN) and prevailing heavy metal (HM) concentrations in wild edible morels (WEM) species viz., Morchella crassipes, Morchella pulchella, and Morchella eohespera and the associated soil that were collected from different altitudinal zones (Azad Kashmir, Murree, Swat, and Skardu) of Pakistan. A special emphasis on potential health risk analysis for HM in WEM consumption was also explored. In general, MN concentration in fruiting bodies and their associated soil samples were in the following order: potassium (K) > magnesium (Mg) > calcium (Ca) > sodium (Na) and Ca > Mg > K > Na, respectively. The concentration for HM in WEM ranged between 20.0 and 78.0 mg/kg, 1.09 and 22.1 mg/kg, 2.1 and 22.1 mg/kg, 0.26 and 13.1 mg/kg, 0.43 and 9.1 mg/kg, 1.07 and 7.0 mg/kg, 1.01 and 5.4 mg/kg, and BDL and 3.1 mg/kg for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd), respectively, and those in underlying soil samples, lowest and highest HM concentration were recorded for Zn (33.7-113.6 mg/kg), Cu (13.0-40.8 mg/kg), Ni (3.1-23.0 mg/kg), Pb (1.3-22.0 mg/kg), Co (2.9-5.6 mg/kg), Cr (2.7-11.1 mg/kg), Mn (2.0-7.1 mg/kg), and Cd (1.1 mg/kg 7.6). Although, Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations in some of the WEM samples and Cd in the soil had exceeded the permissible limits set by different organizations. The greater accumulation/or transfer potential for Zn, Co, Ni, and Cu were recorded in WEM from their associated soil. The health risk index (HRI) for HM in all assessed samples of WEM was < 1, predicting no risk to the consuming population. Furthermore, the correlation analyses depicted that the power of hydrogen (pH), low organic matter contents, and sandy texture are likely to be responsible for HM transfer to the lower pool of soil. But the increasing concentration of HM in WEM warrants threats and suggests further monitoring and future policy plan and implementation to avoid the potential health risks via its regular consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Badshah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Khan
- Human & Ecology Analytical Laboratory (HEAL), Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, ERICA Campus, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Samad Mumtaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Liu S, Liu H, Li J, Wang Y. Research Progress on Elements of Wild Edible Mushrooms. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8090964. [PMID: 36135689 PMCID: PMC9505289 DOI: 10.3390/jof8090964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild edible mushrooms are distributed all over the world and are delicious seasonal foods, rich in polysaccharides, amino acids, vitamins, and other components. At the same time, they contain many essential trace elements and are highly enriched in heavy metals (compared to green plants and cultivated edible mushrooms). Consumers may be exposed to health risks due to excessive heavy metals in the process of consumption. This is also one of the important factors affecting the import and export of edible mushrooms, which is of great concern to consumers and entry and exit inspection and quarantine departments. In this paper, the contents of four essential trace elements of iron, manganese, zinc, and copper and four harmful heavy metals of cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in nearly 400 species of wild edible mushrooms from 10 countries are reviewed. It was found that the factors affecting the elemental content of edible mushrooms are mainly divided into internal and external factors. Internal is mainly the difference in species element-enrichment ability, and external is mainly environmental pollution and geochemical factors. The aim is to provide a reference for the risk assessment of edible mushrooms and their elemental distribution characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Honggao Liu
- School of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong 657000, China
| | - Jieqing Li
- College of Resources and Environmental, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-13-700-615-526 (J.L.); +86-87-165-033-575 (Y.W.)
| | - Yuanzhong Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-13-700-615-526 (J.L.); +86-87-165-033-575 (Y.W.)
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Enengl J, Liftinger G, Ecklmayr E, Irmengard S. Heavy metals and trace elements in soybeans cultivated in different regions of Austria, a comparison between the sampling sites and an overview of typical element contents in the soybeans. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 72:126986. [PMID: 35487052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of heavy metals and trace elements in soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], cultivated in different areas in Austria and further to compare the results with published maximum limits for feed. Additionally an evaluation of the effect of soil conditions (element concentration, pH-value) on the element content in soybeans was performed. METHOD In total, 77 soybean samples and 9 soil samples were analysed on the elements V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cd, Ba, Pb by ICPMS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer) after microwave digestion. RESULTS All elements, with exception of arsenic and lead were detectable in the soybean samples analysed with our analytical system. The concentration of the elements were below the maximum contents from Directive 2002/32/EC [1] and maximum intake doses (MID) from VDI-Guidelines [25-34] for feed. The influence of the soil parameter, especially pH-value was only significant for the elements barium und manganese. CONCLUSION This paper shows an apparent influence of the sampling site on element content in soybeans, for which a joint evaluation of all parameters like soil content, pH-value and soil type is necessary to show the influence of the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Enengl
- Institute for Animal Nutrition and Feed, AGES - Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Wieningerstrasse 8, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Gerhard Liftinger
- Institute for Animal Nutrition and Feed, AGES - Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Wieningerstrasse 8, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Eva Ecklmayr
- Faculty of Technology and Applied Sciences, University of Applied Science Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstraße 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Strnad Irmengard
- Institute for Animal Nutrition and Feed, AGES - Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Spargelfeldstrasse 191, 1220 Wien, Austria
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12
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The Current Status, Bioactivity, Food, and Pharmaceutical Approaches of Calocybe indica: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061145. [PMID: 35740041 PMCID: PMC9219886 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, mushrooms have been extensively explored in the field of pharmaceutical and food science, and researchers are heading toward the search for vital components with a higher safety margin and multitarget applications. Moreover, among all age group populations, mushroom consumption has increased immensely owing to their great nutritional aspects, desirable organoleptic properties, and aroma. In addition, mushrooms continue to generate much attention chiefly in their consumption as food, as a cure for different ailments, as well as a vital commodity globally, owing to their dietary, antioxidant, and therapeutic values. Mushrooms are considered one of the important and suitable diets for patients having multiple types of diseases. Additionally, due to potential immunomodulatory effects, quality protein, and low fat, and cholesterol content, mushrooms are used as an important ingredient for food formulation. Therefore, this review article provides detailed information on Calocybe indica as they are the third most important commercially grown mushroom following button and oyster mushrooms. This review brings tangible evidence that milky white mushrooms are a great source of natural components and antioxidants with potential application in pharmaceuticals and in treating and managing different diseases. Several food applications of milky white mushrooms have also been discussed and reviewed.
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13
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Keskin F, Sarikurkcu C, Demirak A, Akata I, Sihoglu Tepe A. Wild mushrooms from Ilgaz Mountain National Park (Western Black Sea, Turkey): element concentrations and their health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:31923-31942. [PMID: 35013958 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine Fe, Cd, Cr, Se, P, Cu, Mn, Zn, Al, Ca, Mg, and K contents of some edible (Chlorophyllum rhacodes, Clavariadelphus truncatus, Clitocybe nebularis, Hydnum repandum, Hygrophorus pudorinus, Infundibulicybe gibba, Lactarius deliciosus, L. piperatus, L. salmonicolor, Macrolepiota mastoidea, Russula grata, Suillus granulatus, and Tricholoma imbricatum), inedible (Amanita pantherina, Geastrum triplex, Gloeophyllum sepiarium, Hypholoma fasciculare, Phellinus vorax, Pholiota limonella, Russula anthracina, and Tapinella atrotomentosa), and poisonous mushroom species (Amanita pantherina and Hypholoma fasciculare) collected from Ilgaz Mountain National Park (Western Black Sea, Turkey). The element contents of the mushrooms were determined to be 18.0-1239.1, 0.2-4.6, 0.1-3.4, 0.2-3.2, 1.0-8.9, 3.3-59.9, 3.7-220.4, 21.3-154.1, 6.4-754.3, 15.8-17,473.0, 413.0-5943.0, and 2803.0-24,490.0 mg·kg-1, respectively. In addition to metal contents, the daily intakes of metal (DIM) and Health Risk Index (HRI) values of edible mushrooms were also calculated. Both DIM and HRI values of mushroom species except L. salmanicolor, M. mastoidea, and R. grata were within the legal limits. However, it was determined that the Fe content of L. salmanicolor and M. mastoidea and Cd content of R. grata were above the legal limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feyyaz Keskin
- Environmental Problems Research and Application Center, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, TR-48000, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Sarikurkcu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, TR-03100, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Demirak
- Environmental Problems Research and Application Center, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, TR-48000, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Ilgaz Akata
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara University, TR-06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzuhan Sihoglu Tepe
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Kilis 7 Aralik University, Vocational High School of Health Services, TR-79000, Kilis, Turkey
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14
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Kakoti M, Hazarika D, Parveen A, Dullah S, Ghosh A, Saha D, Barooah M, Boro R. Nutritional Properties, Antioxidant and Antihaemolytic Activities of the Dry Fruiting Bodies of Wild Edible Mushrooms Consumed by Ethnic Communities of Northeast India. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/144044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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15
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Comparison of Different Extraction Solvents for Characterization of Antioxidant Potential and Polyphenolic Composition in Boletus edulis and Cantharellus cibarius Mushrooms from Romania. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247508. [PMID: 34946590 PMCID: PMC8704948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible mushrooms are well-known for their nutritional benefits and low energy density. In addition, mushroom extracts contain various bioactive compounds that account for their antioxidant activity; the applied extraction conditions influence the extraction efficiency of such compounds. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of four extractants on the content of polyphenols and antioxidant properties of Boletus edulis and Cantharellus cibarius mushrooms, aiming to optimize the extraction process. Powders of B. edulis and C. cibarius mushrooms were subjected to extraction with acidic water (10% CH3COOH), ethanol/water/acetic acid (15:76.5:8.5, v/v/v), hexane, and diethyl ether to measure their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). Furthermore, the level of individual polyphenolic compounds in these extracts was quantified using an HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method. Results showed that the type of solvent significantly influenced the TPC and TEAC of mushroom powder but insignificantly influenced the TFC. A very strong positive correlation was found between TPC and TEAC, but no correlation was found between TFC and TEAC or TPC and TFC. Acidic water extracted the highest amount of polyphenolic compounds from these mushroom powders. Therefore, the aqueous extract showed the highest TPC and strongest antioxidant activity. Thus, acidic water is recommended for polyphenol analysis in B. edulis and C. cibarius mushrooms.
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16
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Anusiya G, Gowthama Prabu U, Yamini NV, Sivarajasekar N, Rambabu K, Bharath G, Banat F. A review of the therapeutic and biological effects of edible and wild mushrooms. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11239-11268. [PMID: 34738876 PMCID: PMC8810068 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2001183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout history, mushrooms have occupied an inseparable part of the diet in many countries. Mushrooms are considered a rich source of phytonutrients such as polysaccharides, dietary fibers, and other micronutrients, in addition to various essential amino acids, which are building blocks of vital proteins. In general, mushrooms offer a wide range of health benefits with a large spectrum of pharmacological properties, including antidiabetic, antioxidative, antiviral, antibacterial, osteoprotective, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, etc. Both wild edible and medicinal mushrooms possess strong therapeutic and biological activities, which are evident from their in vivo and in vitro assays. The multifunctional activities of the mushroom extracts and the targeted potential of each of the compounds in the extracts have a broad range of applications, especially in the healing and repair of various organs and cells in humans. Owing to the presence of the aforementioned properties and rich phytocomposition, mushrooms are being used in the production of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. This review aims to provide a clear insight on the commercially cultivated, wild edible, and medicinal mushrooms with comprehensive information on their phytochemical constituents and properties as part of food and medicine for futuristic exploitation. Future outlook and prospective challenges associated with the cultivation and processing of these medicinal mushrooms as functional foods are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anusiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - U Gowthama Prabu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - N V Yamini
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - N Sivarajasekar
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - K Rambabu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - G Bharath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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17
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Jędrejko KJ, Lazur J, Muszyńska B. Cordyceps militaris: An Overview of Its Chemical Constituents in Relation to Biological Activity. Foods 2021; 10:2634. [PMID: 34828915 PMCID: PMC8622900 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps spp. mushrooms have a long tradition of use as a natural raw material in Asian ethnomedicine because of their adaptogenic, tonic effects and their ability to reduce fatigue and stimulate the immune system in humans. This review aims to present the chemical composition and medicinal properties of Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies and mycelium, as well as mycelium from in vitro cultures. The analytical results of the composition of C. militaris grown in culture media show the bioactive components such as cordycepin, polysaccharides, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), ergothioneine and others described in the review. To summarize, based on the presence of several bioactive compounds that contribute to biological activity, C. militaris mushrooms definitely deserve to be considered as functional foods and also have great potential for medicinal use. Recent scientific reports indicate the potential of cordycepin in antiviral activity, particularly against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30–688 Kraków, Poland; (K.J.J.); (J.L.)
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18
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Malinowski R, Sotek Z, Stasińska M, Malinowska K, Radke P, Malinowska A. Bioaccumulation of Macronutrients in Edible Mushrooms in Various Habitat Conditions of NW Poland-Role in the Human Diet. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8881. [PMID: 34444630 PMCID: PMC8395067 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the interest in mushroom consumption has been growing, since their taste and low calorific value are appreciated, but also due to their nutritional value. In determining the usefulness of mushrooms in the human diet, it is important to consider the conditions of their occurrence to perform the assessment of bioaccumulation of minerals. The aim of the study was: (a) to determine the content of selected macronutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg, Na) in fruiting bodies of Boletus edulis, Imleria badia, Leccinum scabrum and the soils, (b) to determine their bioaccumulation potential taking into account the habitat conditions, and (c) an attempt to estimate their role in covering the requirement for macronutrients of the human organism. The research material was obtained in the NW of Poland: Uznam and Wolin, the Drawa Plain and the Ińsko Lakeland. In the soil, we determined the content of organic matter, pH, salinity and the content of absorbable and general forms of macronutrients. The content of macronutrients in mushrooms was also determined. Chemical analyses were performed using the generally accepted test methods. The study showed that in NW Poland, B. edulis grew on the acidic soils of Arenosols, and I. badia and L. scabrum grew on Podzols. The uptake of K, Mg and Ca by the tested mushrooms was positively, and P and Na negatively correlated with the content of these elements in the soil. The acidity of the soil affected the uptake of K and Mg by mushrooms. There was no effect of the amount of organic matter in the soil noticed on the content of macronutrients (except sodium) in mushrooms. Among the studied macronutrients, none of the mushrooms accumulated Ca, while P and K were generally accumulated in the highest amounts, regardless of the species. Each of the other elements was usually accumulated at a similar level in the fruiting bodies of the species we studied. The exception was I. badia, which accumulated higher amounts of Mg compared to B. edulis and L. scabrum. Mushrooms can enrich the diet with some macronutrients, especially in P and K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Malinowski
- Department of Environmental Management, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Zofia Sotek
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Adama Mickiewicza 16 Street, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Stasińska
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Adama Mickiewicza 16 Street, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Malinowska
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Radke
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 12 Street, 71-899 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Alicja Malinowska
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Major Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Rybacka 1 Street, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
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19
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Liu S, Fu Y, Shi M, Wang H, Guo J. Pollution level and risk assessment of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic in edible mushrooms from Jilin Province, China. J Food Sci 2021; 86:3374-3383. [PMID: 34287903 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the pollution level of toxic elements in edible mushrooms from Jilin Province, China, the lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic content present in them were monitored and evaluated. A total of 610 edible mushroom samples, including fresh and dried, were collected from nine cities in the Jilin Province. The concentrations of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic ranged from 0.007 to 3.31, 0.006 to 48.52, 0.003 to 0.56, and 0.008 to 57.34 mg/kg, respectively, in dried samples, and 0.007 to 0.06, 0.006 to 0.17, 0.003 to 0.06, and 0.008 to 0.12 mg/kg, respectively, in fresh samples. The concentration of cadmium and arsenic exceeded the standard (Cd ≤ 0.2 mg/kg, Cd of Lentinus edodes ≤ 0.5 mg/kg, and As ≤ 0.5 mg/kg) in some mushroom samples. The bioconcentration levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic depended on the edible mushroom species, environment, and the physicochemical properties of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic. The results of the single factor pollution index, a method used to calculate the level of single elements in substances, showed that all edible mushrooms were at the level of unpolluted except Tricholoma matsutake and Pleurotus eryngii. The comprehensive factor (P) for T. matsutake was 1.093. The comprehensive factor pollution index, a method used to calculate the level of combined mixture in substances, was in the unpolluted level, except for T. matsutake. The pollution index results showed that cadmium and arsenic concentrations were lightly polluting in some mushroom samples. The health risk index for arsenic was the highest. Therefore, more attention should be paid to arsenic contamination in T. matsutake and P. eryngii in the Jilin Province, China. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this paper, we evaluated the contamination levels and associated safety issues of four toxic elements, lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic, in edible mushrooms. The results showed that cadmium and arsenic concentrations were lightly polluting in some mushroom samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Liu
- Department of Physical and Chemical Test, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Physical and Chemical Test, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, China
| | - Mao Shi
- Department of Physical and Chemical Test, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Test, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, China
| | - Jinzhi Guo
- Department of Physical and Chemical Test, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, China
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20
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Phylogenetic analysis and protective effects of thymol and its chromatographic fractions from a novel wild mushroom in combating oxidative stress. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Das AK, Nanda PK, Dandapat P, Bandyopadhyay S, Gullón P, Sivaraman GK, McClements DJ, Gullón B, Lorenzo JM. Edible Mushrooms as Functional Ingredients for Development of Healthier and More Sustainable Muscle Foods: A Flexitarian Approach. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092463. [PMID: 33922630 PMCID: PMC8122938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumers are increasingly interested in nutritious, safe and healthy muscle food products with reduced salt and fat that benefit their well-being. Hence, food processors are constantly in search of natural bioactive ingredients that offer health benefits beyond their nutritive values without affecting the quality of the products. Mushrooms are considered as next-generation healthy food components. Owing to their low content of fat, high-quality proteins, dietary fibre and the presence of nutraceuticals, they are ideally preferred in formulation of low-caloric functional foods. There is a growing trend to fortify muscle food with edible mushrooms to harness their goodness in terms of nutritive, bioactive and therapeutic values. The incorporation of mushrooms in muscle foods assumes significance, as it is favourably accepted by consumers because of its fibrous structure that mimics the texture with meat analogues offering unique taste and umami flavour. This review outlines the current knowledge in the literature about the nutritional richness, functional bioactive compounds and medicinal values of mushrooms offering various health benefits. Furthermore, the effects of functional ingredients of mushrooms in improving the quality and sensory attributes of nutritionally superior and next-generation healthier muscle food products are also highlighted in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Das
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India; (P.K.N.); (P.D.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.D.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Pramod K. Nanda
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India; (P.K.N.); (P.D.); (S.B.)
| | - Premanshu Dandapat
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India; (P.K.N.); (P.D.); (S.B.)
| | - Samiran Bandyopadhyay
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India; (P.K.N.); (P.D.); (S.B.)
| | - Patricia Gullón
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain;
| | | | | | - Beatriz Gullón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Campus Ourense, University of Vigo, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain;
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.K.D.); (J.M.L.)
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22
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Effects of Fertigation Management on the Quality of Organic Legumes Grown in Protected Cultivation. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Appropriate fertigation management plays an important role in increasing crop quality and economizing water. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of two fertigation treatments, normal (T100) and 50% sustained deficit (T50), on the physico-chemical quality of legumes. The determinations were performed on the edible parts of peas, French beans and mangetout. The trials were conducted in a protected cultivation certified organic farm. The response of legumes to the treatments varied between the cultivars tested. The fertigation treatments had a significant effect on the morphometric traits (width for mangetout and French bean; fresh weight for French bean; seed height for Pea cv. Lincoln). The total soluble solids and citric acid content have been shown to be increased by low soil water availability (T50) for mangetout. Fertigation treatments did not significantly affect the antioxidant compounds (total phenolic and ascorbic acid), minerals and protein fraction contents of legumes studied. Regarding legume health benefits, the most prominent cultivars were BC-033620 pea and French bean because of their high total phenolic (65 mg gallic acid equivalent 100 g−1 fresh weight) and ascorbic acid content (55 mg ascorbic acid 100 g−1 fresh weight), respectively. The results expand our knowledge concerning the nutraceutical quality and appropriate cultivation methods of legumes in order to make the system more sustainable and to encourage their consumption.
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23
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Acar İ, Blando F, Gul B, Greco A, Mukemre M, Uzun Y, Dalar A. The phenolic profile and biological activities of the wild-edible mushrooms Helvella leucopus and Morchella pulchella. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Gąsecka M, Magdziak Z, Siwulski M, Jasińska A, Budzyńska S, Rzymski P, Kalač P, Niedzielski P, Pankiewicz J, Mleczek M. Effect of
Thymus
vulgaris
post‐extraction waste and spent coffee grounds on the quality of cultivated
Pleurotus eryngii. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gąsecka
- Department of Chemistry Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Zuzanna Magdziak
- Department of Chemistry Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Marek Siwulski
- Department of Vegetable Crops Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jasińska
- Department of Vegetable Crops Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Sylwia Budzyńska
- Department of Chemistry Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine Poznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan Poland
| | - Pavel Kalač
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | | | - Jan Pankiewicz
- Department of Chemistry Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- Department of Chemistry Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
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25
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Li W, Zhang F, Gao LZ. SMRT-based mitochondrial genome of the edible mushroom Morchella conica. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2020; 5:3201-3202. [PMID: 33458112 PMCID: PMC7782166 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1810160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Morchella conica Pers. is a highly-prized mushroom for its edible and medical values. In this study, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome of M. conica combining both PacBio and Illumina sequencing technologies. The complete mitochondrial genome is 280,763 bp in length with a GC content of 39.88%. We identified a total of 14 core conserved protein-coding genes, 127 non-conserved open reading frames (ncORFs) and 30 tRNA genes in the M. conica mitogenome. However, no large or small rRNA subunits (rnl or rns) were identified in this mitogenome. In addition, we detected two mitochondrial RNase P (rnpB) genes and one ribosomal protein genes (rps3). Phylogenetic analysis was performed among M. conica and 18 other representative fungi from Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota. Our results showed that M. conica was most closely related to M. importuna. The availability of the M. conica mitochondrial genome will form the basis of genetic breeding program and enhance our understanding of the evolution of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Institution of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Institution of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Zhi Gao
- Institution of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwestern China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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26
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Nnorom IC, Eze SO, Ukaogo PO. Mineral contents of three wild-grown edible mushrooms collected from forests of south eastern Nigeria: An evaluation of bioaccumulation potentials and dietary intake risks. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Lee H, Nam K, Zahra Z, Farooqi MQU. Potentials of truffles in nutritional and medicinal applications: a review. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2020; 7:9. [PMID: 32566240 PMCID: PMC7301458 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-020-00097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Truffles, the symbiotic hypogeous edible fungi, have been worldwide regarded as a great delicacy because of their unique flavor and high nutritional value. By identifying their bioactive components such as phenolics, terpenoids, polysaccharides, anandamide, fatty acids, and ergosterols, researchers have paid attention to their biological activities including antitumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. In addition, numerous factors have been investigating that can affect the quality and productivity of truffles to overcome their difficulty in culturing and preserving. To provide the information for their potential applications in medicine as well as in functional food, this review summarizes the relevant literature about the biochemical composition, aromatic and nutritional benefits, and biological properties of truffles. Besides, various factors affecting their productivity and quality as well as the preservation methods are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heayyean Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea.,Plamica Labs, Batten Hall, 125 Western Ave, Allston, 02163 MA USA
| | - Kyungmin Nam
- Plamica Labs, Batten Hall, 125 Western Ave, Allston, 02163 MA USA
| | - Zahra Zahra
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea.,Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
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Świsłowski P, Dołhańczuk-Śródka A, Rajfur M. Bibliometric analysis of European publications between 2001 and 2016 on concentrations of selected elements in mushrooms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22235-22250. [PMID: 32329001 PMCID: PMC7293692 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a bibliometric study of 200 European publications released between 2001 and 2016, about the contamination of mushrooms by selected elements. The analysis includes figures on the type of analyte, its concentration, the species of fungi, and its country of origin. In the literature review, 492 species of mushrooms (wild-growing and cultured) found in 26 European countries and their concentration of 74 associated elements were analysed. The papers, which dealt mainly with the heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) concentrations of mushrooms, primarily came from Turkey, Poland, Spain, and the Czech Republic. More than 50% of the publications provided data about edible mushrooms. The results of the bibliometric analysis showed that over the 16 years, European research on fungal contamination by selected analytes has not lessened in popularity and is ongoing. Many of the studies underlined the need to assess the risk to human health arising from the consumption of contaminated mushrooms taken from various habitats. These results were the effect of, among other things, the strong interest in studies carried out on edible species, in which concentrations of mainly heavy metals that are dangerous to health and are marked were indicated (Cd, Pb, and Hg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Świsłowski
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, B. Kominka 6a Street, 45-032, Opole, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Dołhańczuk-Śródka
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, B. Kominka 6a Street, 45-032, Opole, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rajfur
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, B. Kominka 6a Street, 45-032, Opole, Poland
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Alp H, Ince M, Ince OK, Onal A. Evaluation the Weekly Intake of Some Wild Edible Indigenous Mushrooms Collected in Different Regions in Tunceli, Turkey. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 195:239-249. [PMID: 31486017 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01814-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The quantity of some essential and non-essential elements of wild edible mushroom samples collected from Tunceli Province of Turkey was determined by using flame and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer after microwave digestion. The method accuracy was corrected using standard reference material (NIST SRM 1547-Peach Leaves). The essential element concentrations of analyzed mushroom samples were determined in the range of 0.036-0.563 mg kg-1 for calcium, 1.28-2.55 mg kg-1 for magnesium, 0.054-0.188 mg kg-1 for sodium, 1.00-4.57 mg kg-1 for copper, 212-480 mg kg-1 for iron, and 75-151 mg kg-1 for zinc but cobalt and chromium were not detected. Based on results, there were statistically significant differences between the element contents of analyzed mushroom species. Consequently, according to this study results, the weekly intake and target hazard quotient values of the elements show that the consumption of these mushrooms does not threaten human health. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hevidar Alp
- Munzur University, Tuncli Vocational School, Department of Food Process, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey.
- Munzur University Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey.
| | - Muharrem Ince
- Munzur University Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
- Munzur University, Tunceli Vocation School, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processes, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Olcay Kaplan Ince
- Munzur University Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
- Munzur University, Faculty of Fine Arts, Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Ali Onal
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İstanbul, Turkey
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Kinge TR, Goldman G, Jacobs A, Ndiritu GG, Gryzenhout M. A first checklist of macrofungi for South Africa. MycoKeys 2020; 63:1-48. [PMID: 32089638 PMCID: PMC7015970 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.63.36566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrofungi are considered as organisms that form large fruiting bodies above or below the ground that are visible without the aid of a microscope. These fungi include most basidiomycetes and a small number of ascomycetes. Macrofungi have different ecological roles and uses, where some are edible, medicinal, poisonous, decomposers, saprotrophs, predators and pathogens, and they are often used for innovative biotechnological, medicinal and ecological applications. However, comprehensive checklists, and compilations on the diversity and distribution of mushrooms are lacking for South Africa, which makes regulation, conservation and inclusion in national biodiversity initiatives difficult. In this review, we compiled a checklist of macrofungi for the first time (excluding lichens). Data were compiled based on available literature in journals, books and fungorium records from the National Collection of Fungi. Even if the list is not complete due to numerous unreported species present in South Africa, it still represents an overview of the current knowledge of the macromycetes of South Africa. The list of names enables the assessment of gaps in collections and knowledge on the fungal biodiversity of South Africa, and downstream applications such as defining residency status of species. It provides a foundation for new names to be added in future towards developing a list that will be as complete as possible, and that can be used by a wide audience including scientists, authorities and the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonjock Rosemary Kinge
- Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, Republic of South AfricaUniversity of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bambili, North West Region, CameroonUniversity of BamendaBambiliCambodia
| | - Gary Goldman
- MushroomFundi, Cape Town, South AfricaMushroomFundiCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Adriaana Jacobs
- National Collection of Fungi, Mycology Unit, Plant Health and Protection, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South AfricaNational Collection of FungiPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - George Gatere Ndiritu
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Karatina University, P.O. Box 1957, Karatina 10101, KenyaKaratina UniversityKaratinaKenya
| | - Marieka Gryzenhout
- Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, Republic of South AfricaUniversity of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa
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Miletić D, Pantić M, Sknepnek A, Vasiljević I, Lazović M, Nikšić M. Influence of selenium yeast on the growth, selenium uptake and mineral composition of Coriolus versicolor mushroom. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:331-340. [PMID: 32003038 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The ability of Coriolus versicolor medicinal mushroom to grow and accumulate selenium during submerged cultivation in a selenium-fortified medium is examined in this paper. For selenium supplementation, commercial selenium yeast was used. Control, nonenriched sample and reference cultures cultivated in the medium enriched with commercial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also prepared. The mushroom demonstrated a high ability to accumulate selenium from the added source (around 970 and 1,300 µg/g of dry mycelium weight for samples enriched with selenium in a concentration of 10 and 20 mg Se/L, respectively). The addition of selenium significantly (p ≤ .05) increased the biomass yield, whereas the addition of nonenriched yeast had no significant (p ≤ .05) impact. Furthermore, regression analysis showed statistically significant (p ≤ .05) and positive correlations between the content of Se and Fe (r = .92), Se and Cu (r = .92), Se and Mn (r = .98), and Se and Sr (r = .96), suggesting that selenium incorporation was followed by incorporation of these elements, and led to mineral enrichment of the obtained mycelium. Methanol extracts prepared from mycelium biomass demonstrated a better inhibitory effect on Gram-positive bacterial strains with minimal inhibitory concentrations between <0.3125 and 40 mg/ml. The obtained results showed that selenium yeast could be used for obtaining a potential novel food supplement: mushroom biomass with high selenium content and enhanced mineral composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Miletić
- Department of Food and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Pantić
- Department of Food and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Sknepnek
- Department of Food and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Milana Lazović
- A Bio Tech Lab, Educons University, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Miomir Nikšić
- Department of Food and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Sezgin S, Dalar A, Uzun Y. Determination of antioxidant activities and chemical composition of sequential fractions of five edible mushrooms from Turkey. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 57:1866-1876. [PMID: 32327797 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04221-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tricholoma scalpturatum, Tricholoma populinum, Neolentinus cyathiformis, Chlorophyllum agaricoides, and Lycoperdon utriforme have been traditionally utilized as food in Turkey for a long time. The present study focused on determining antioxidant activities, total phenolic groups contents (flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acids, proanthocyanidins, and anthocyanins), phenolic compounds and fatty acids of sequential extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and pure water) obtained from five wild edible macrofungi species. Ethanol and acetone (or ethyl acetate) were found as the most efficient solvents in terms of antioxidant activities and extraction efficiency. Antioxidant studies showed that L. utriforme, C. agaricoides, and T. populinum exhibited the highest radical scavenging and reducing activities and contained the highest phenolic contents. Chromatographic studies revealed that phenolic acids (protocatechuic, gallic, and chlorogenic acids) and fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids) were the major contributors of the antioxidant activities of the extracts. The results obtained suggest the utilization of these macrofungi species as significant sources of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Sezgin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Zeve Campus, 65090 Van, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Dalar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Zeve Campus, 65090 Van, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Uzun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Zeve Campus, 65090 Van, Turkey
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Khan AA, Muhammad MJ, Muhammad I, Jan I, Samin G, Zahid A, Muhammad I, Wang P, Lu L, Fang M, Yao FJ. Modulation of agronomic and nutritional response of Pleurotus eryngii strains by utilizing glycine betaine enriched cotton waste. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:6911-6921. [PMID: 31393604 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the possibility of cotton waste enrichment with glycine betaine (GB) for production of two strains (P9, P10) of king oyster (Pleurotus eryngii). Cotton waste was used as (100%) control (T0 = cotton waste) and augmented with various combinations of GB, (T1 = 2 mmol L-1 , T2 = 4 mmol L-1 , T3 = 6 mmol L-1 , T4 = 8 mmol L-1 and T5 = 10 mmol L-1 ). The response of king oyster to GB was evaluated by earliness, yield, biological efficiency (BE), minerals (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca)), total sugars, total soluble solids, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, ascorbic acid, proximate (crude protein, carbohydrates, crude fibers, ash, fats) content of fruiting body and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis compared with the control substrate (cotton waste). RESULTS The earliness, yield, and BE were higher as compared to control substrate and increased with an augmentation in the concentration of GB within the cotton waste. Two strains showed (on dry weight basis) 33.9-54.9 mg g-1 nitrogen, 6.8-12.5 mg g-1 phosphorus, 16.9-25.1 mg g-1 potassium, 40.5-64.2 mg kg-1 Zn, 17.1-37.3 mg kg-1 Cu, 1174-1325 mg kg-1 Mg, 20.1-29.1 mg kg-1 Mn, 129-265 mg kg-1 Fe, 779-835 mg kg-1 Ca), 6.3%-11.3% total sugars, 7.3-14.9 °Brix total soluble solids, 2.1-7.3% reducing sugars, 10.4-18.1% crude protein, 3.6-4.4% crude fiber and 5.6-16.7 mg (100 g)-1 on various concentration of GB enrich cotton waste. Cotton waste enriched with GB significantly affected nutritional profile of king oyster mushroom. CONCLUSION The results revealed that GB enriched cotton waste can be used as an innovative substrate to enhance the yield and quality of king oyster mushroom. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ali Khan
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | | | - Idrees Muhammad
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Ibadullah Jan
- Department of Horticulture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Ghufrana Samin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Anam Zahid
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Muhammad
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Ming Fang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Fang Jie Yao
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P. R. China
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Mirończuk-Chodakowska I, Socha K, Zujko ME, Terlikowska KM, Borawska MH, Witkowska AM. Copper, Manganese, Selenium and Zinc in Wild-Growing Edible Mushrooms from the Eastern Territory of "Green Lungs of Poland": Nutritional and Toxicological Implications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193614. [PMID: 31561596 PMCID: PMC6802358 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to determine Cu, Mn, Se, and Zn content in wild mushrooms collected from unpolluted areas of the eastern Green Lungs of Poland (GLP) territory, to compare them to some popular species of cultivated mushrooms, evaluate mushroom contribution to the daily intake of the studied bioelements, and to determine their possible toxic effect resulting from potentially excessive mushroom consumption from areas recognized as ecologically uncontaminated. Bioelements were determined in 21 species of edible mushrooms: eighteen species of wild mushrooms and three species of popular cultivated mushrooms. The mean Cu, Mn, Se, and Zn content (in µg/g, dry mass DM) ranged from 10.6–123.1, 12.2–41, 0.13–13.3, and 68.3–184, respectively. A comparison with recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for Cu, Se, and Zn as well as adequate intake (AI) for Mn demonstrated that a 100 g fresh mass (FM) portion of mushroom species with the highest content of a given element can meet the demand for Cu, Mn, Se and Zn at 203%, 14–17%, 211%, and 16–22%, respectively. A comparison of the content of the examined bioelements contained in one portion of mushrooms (100 g FM) against the toxicological intake limits for different chemical elements with the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) and upper intake level (UL) showed no risk of toxicity for the evaluated mushroom species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Mirończuk-Chodakowska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Maria Terlikowska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Maria Halina Borawska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Anna Maria Witkowska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland.
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Rasalanavho M, Moodley R, Jonnalagadda SB. Elemental distribution including toxic elements in edible and inedible wild growing mushrooms from South Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7913-7925. [PMID: 30684184 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Macro-elements (Ca, Fe, K, Mg and Na) and trace elements including some toxic (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn) were determined in edible and inedible wild-growing mushrooms (Amanita rubescens, Auricularia polytricha, Boletus edulis, Boletus mirabilis, Clavulina cristata, Helvella crispa, Lactarius deliciosus, Suillus luteus, Termitomyces microcarpus, Termitomyces reticulatus, Termitomyces clypeatus, Termitomyces umkowaanii, Amanita foetidissima, Amanita muscaria, Amanita pantherina, Aseroe rubra, Chlorophyllum molybdites, Ganoderma lucidum, Gymnopilus junonius, Hypholoma fasciculare, Lentinus villosus, Lepista caffrorum, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Panaeolus papilionaceus, Pisolithus tinctorius, Pleurotus ostreatus, Podaxis pistillaris, Russula sardonia, Scleroderma citrinum, Scleroderma michiganense). Analyses of samples were carried out using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The elemental content in both edible and inedible mushrooms, in decreasing order, was found to be K >> Na > Ca > Mg > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Se > Co > Ni > Be > Pb ≥ Cd > As. Our study revealed that the accumulation of metals from the soil is independent of whether mushrooms are edible or inedible as uptake is dependent on the soil quality and its environment. Edible mushroom species studied were found to be rich in Se (145-836% towards the RDA) with B. edulis being rich in it, C. cristata in Cu, S. luteus in Fe and H. crispa in Zn, and all contained low concentrations of toxic metals making them suitable for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muvhango Rasalanavho
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Roshila Moodley
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Sreekantha B Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Gurbuz IB. Nongreen revolution: a case study of wild-grown edible mushroom. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7954-7959. [PMID: 30684180 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mushroom's biological content has a positive effect on human welfare which is called "nongreen revolution". It has an economic and social component that provides long-term food nutrition, environmental conservation, and regeneration of valuable resources. This article provides evidence that mushrooms can be a healthy food alternative to meat. In this study, analyzed data was collected from Marmara region of Turkey using a survey method. A survey questionnaire was prepared and distributed to a total sample size of 408 participants. Linear regression model y = α + β1×1+β2×2 was administered to determine the relationship of the variables. Secondary data were also used for the literature of the study. The study revealed that the consumption of mushroom accounts for 13.2% of the consumption of meat at the time of mushroom collection period. Consequently, it showed also that for every 1% increase in consumption of two species of mushrooms (Lactarius semisanguifluus and Macrolepiota procera var.) meat consumption decreases (-4.39, -2.97%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Bulent Gurbuz
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Gorukle 16059 Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey.
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37
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Jeon SH, Kuppusamy S, Yoon YE, Kim HT, Lee YB. Are There as Many Essential and Non-essential Minerals in Hydroponic Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa L.) Compared to Those Grown in Soil? Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:562-567. [PMID: 29850968 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to compare the contents of minerals (essential major-K, Ca, Mg, Na, P, S; essential trace-Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo, As, Se, Ni, V, Cr, Co; non-essential-Sn, Ga, Li, Be, Rb, Sr, Al, Pd, Cd, Hg, Pb, Ge) in strawberry (stem, leaf, and fruit) cultivated in two different cultivation systems, soil and hydroponic. The concentrations of 30 minerals in the acid-digested strawberry samples were determined by ICP-MS and ICP-OES. Hydroponic strawberry (leaf > fruit > stem) indicated higher values for most minerals which were below the plant toxicity levels. In leaves collected from the hydroponic system, it was observed there were larger amounts of Fe, Zn, B, As, Se, Ni, V, Cr, Al, Cd, and Pd. Hydroponic fruits were the significant sources of K, P, Mn, Zn, Cr, and Co. Hydroponic strawberry leaves could contribute twice as many higher and safe daily intake of minerals to humans than other fruits. This analysis shows that, firstly, higher quality and safely edible produce can be provided by the hydroponic system; and secondly, strawberry leaf is a potential mineral source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hwa Jeon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Saranya Kuppusamy
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Yoon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Tae Kim
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bok Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Gbylik-Sikorska M, Gajda A, Nowacka-Kozak E, Posyniak A. Simultaneous determination of 45 antibacterial compounds in mushrooms - Agaricus bisporus by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1587:111-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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39
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Sezgin S, Dalar A, Uzun Y. Mineral composition of some wild mushrooms from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2018. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.403397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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A Data Mining Approach to Improve Inorganic Characterization of Amanita ponderosa Mushrooms. Int J Anal Chem 2018; 2018:5265291. [PMID: 29623092 PMCID: PMC5817330 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5265291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Amanita ponderosa are wild edible mushrooms that grow in some microclimates of Iberian Peninsula. Gastronomically this species is very relevant, due to not only the traditional consumption by the rural populations but also its commercial value in gourmet markets. Mineral characterisation of edible mushrooms is extremely important for certification and commercialization processes. In this study, we evaluate the inorganic composition of Amanita ponderosa fruiting bodies (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, Ag, Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) and their respective soil substrates from 24 different sampling sites of the southwest Iberian Peninsula (e.g., Alentejo, Andalusia, and Extremadura). Mineral composition revealed high content in macroelements, namely, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium. Mushrooms showed presence of important trace elements and low contents of heavy metals within the limits of RDI. Bioconcentration was observed for some macro- and microelements, such as K, Cu, Zn, Mg, P, Ag, and Cd. A. ponderosa fruiting bodies showed different inorganic profiles according to their location and results pointed out that it is possible to generate an explanatory model of segmentation, performed with data based on the inorganic composition of mushrooms and soil mineral content, showing the possibility of relating these two types of data.
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Zavastin DE, Biliută G, Dodi G, Macsim AM, Lisa G, Gherman SP, Breabăn IG, Miron A, Coseri S. Metal content and crude polysaccharide characterization of selected mushrooms growing in Romania. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chemical, nutritional, and spectroscopic characterization of typical ecotypes of Mediterranean area beans. Eur Food Res Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-3004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jedidi IK, Ayoub IK, Philippe T, Bouzouita N. Chemical composition and nutritional value of three Tunisian wild edible mushrooms. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Rossbach M, Kümmerle E, Schmidt S, Gohmert M, Stieghorst C, Revay Z, Wiehl N. Elemental analysis of Morchella esculenta from Germany. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Timoracká M, Vollmannová A, Ismael DS. The content of polyphenols and chosen heavy metals in faba bean (Faba vulgaris Moench) relating to different doses of zinc application. POTRAVINARSTVO 2017. [DOI: 10.5219/638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the impact of zinc on chosen heavy metals contents (Cu, Zn, Co, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni) and polyphenols content and antioxidant capacity of chosen legume. Used soil was from Cakajovce locality (located in Nitra upland) with the neutral soil reaction suitable for the legume cultivation. Determined Cd content as well as Pb content in the soil was on the level of critical value given for the relationship between soil and plant. The values of both elements were far below threshold values proposed by European Commission. In experiment we used two cultivars of fababean - Saturn, Zobor. Seeds of fababean were harvested in milk ripeness. The different high doses of zinc (as ZnSO4.7H2O) were applied into the uncontaminated soil in model conditions. The strong statistical relationship between added Zn content in the soil and in seeds of both faba bean cultivars as well as was the total polyphenols content and the total antioxidant capacity values was confirmed. In all variants the determined Zn amount was below (Saturn) or slightly above (Zobor) the hygienic limit given by the legislative. On the other hand faba bean of both cultivars accumulated high amounts of Pb and Cd - in all variants higher than hygienic limits. The contents of all other heavy metals (Ni, Co, Cr, Cu) were lower than hygienic limits. The polyphenols content ranged from 2208 to 4622 milligrams per kilogram of fresh sample calculated as gallic acid equivalents. Faba bean shows a very small antioxidant capacity - 4.66 - 5.71% of DPPH inhibition.
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Niedzielski P, Mleczek M, Budka A, Rzymski P, Siwulski M, Jasińska A, Gąsecka M, Budzyńska S. A screening study of elemental composition in 12 marketable mushroom species accessible in Poland. Eur Food Res Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-2881-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang X, Liu H, Zhang J, Li T, Wang Y. Evaluation of heavy metal concentrations of edible wild-grown mushrooms from China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2017; 52:178-183. [PMID: 28121276 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1261545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal contents (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn) of eight species of wild edible mushrooms from China were determined. The analyses were performed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometry after microwave digestion. The contents of Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn in caps of mushroom samples were 0.7-7.2, 16.2-70.4, 371-1315, 12.5-29.8, 7.1-58.5, and 77.8-187.4 mg kg-1 dry matter (dm), respectively, while considerable differences were found to be 1.8-25.9, 9.8-36.3, 288-6762, 13.3-103.9, 5.9-78.7, and 38.7-118 mg kg-1 dm for stipes. The results indicated that higher levels of Co, Fe, and Ni were found in the mushrooms samples analyzed. Zinc and manganese levels were similar to previous reports, whereas Cu was lower than literature values. Correlation analysis suggested that significant correlations were found between the minerals determined and the greatest amount of contamination is associated with Co, Mn, Ni, and Fe. The results of this study indicate that heavy metal contents in mushroom species are mainly related to the mineral resources of sampling sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- a College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming , China
- b Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Kunming , China
| | - Honggao Liu
- a College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming , China
| | - Ji Zhang
- b Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Kunming , China
- c Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica , Kunming , China
| | - Tao Li
- d College of Resources and Environment, Yuxi Normal University , Yuxi , China
| | - Yuanzhong Wang
- b Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Kunming , China
- c Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica , Kunming , China
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Hwang J, Kim JC, Moon H, Yang JY, Kim M. Determination of sodium contents in traditional fermented foods in Korea. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Development and Characterization of Carob Flour Based Functional Spread for Increasing Use as Nutritious Snack for Children. J FOOD QUALITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/5028150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carob flour enriched functional spread was developed and textural, sensory, colour, and some nutritional properties of the product were investigated. Spread samples were prepared with major ingredients for optimisation and minor ingredients for improving texture and aroma. Major ingredients were carob flour and hydrogenated palm oil (HPO) and minor ingredients were commercial skim milk powder, soya flour, lecithin, and hazelnut puree. The ratio of major ingredients was optimised using sensory scores and instrumental texture values to produce a carob spread that most closely resembles commercial chocolate spread (control), in both spreadability and overall acceptability. The amounts of minor ingredients (milk powder, 10%; soybean flour, 5%; lecithin, 1%; hazelnut puree, 4%) were kept in constant ratio (20%). Addition of hydrogenated palm oil (HPO) decreased the hardness and hardness work done (HWD) values in contrast to carob flour. Higher rates of carob flour were linked to lower lightness, greenness, and yellowness values. Spread was optimised at 38 g carob flour/100 g spread and 42 g hydrogenated palm oil/100 g spread level and the formulation tended to receive the highest sensory scores compared to other spreads and presented closer instrumental spreadability values to control samples. This indicates a strong market potential for optimised carob spreads.
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Atila F, Tüzel Y, Faz Cano A, Fernandez JA. Effect of different lignocellulosic wastes on Hericium americanum yield and nutritional characteristics. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:606-612. [PMID: 27100377 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using cottonseed hulls (CSH) and olive press cake (OPC) as new supplement materials for substrate preparation in Hericium americanum cultivation. Some chemical properties of the substrates prepared by mixtures of oak sawdust (OS) with wheat bran (WB), CSH and OPC in different ratios were determined. In addition, the effect of mixtures of OS:CSH and OS:OPC on spawn run time, yield and biological efficiency (BE), average mushroom weight and nutrition content of the fruiting body were compared with the control substrate (8OS:2WB). RESULTS The yield, BE and average mushroom weight of substrates containing CSH and OPC were higher than the control substrate and increased with an increase in the rate of CSH and OPC in the mixtures. Hericium americanum showed (on a dry weight basis) 8.5-23.7% protein, 9.9-21.2 g kg-1 P, 26.6-35.8 g kg-1 K, 0.63 - 1.33 g kg-1 Mg, 0.19 - 0.23 g kg-1 Ca, 1.34-1.78 g kg-1 Na, 49.5-72.2 mg kg-1 Fe, 6.22-10.11 mg kg-1 Mn, 32.8-82.8 mg kg-1 Zn and 8.6-11.2 mg kg-1 Cu on different growing substrates. The nutritional value of mushrooms was greatly affected by the growing media. CONCLUSION The results revealed that CSH and OPC could be used as new supplement materials for substrate preparation in H. americanum cultivation. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Atila
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahi Evran University, 40200, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Tüzel
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Angel Faz Cano
- Department of Agrarian Science and Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan A Fernandez
- Department of Horticulture, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
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