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Huang RL, Tang W, Wang C, Yan C, Hu Y, Yang HX, Xiang HY, Huang XJ, Hu LJ, Ye WC, Song JG, Wang Y. Antiviral C-geranylated flavonoids from Artocarpus communis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 225:114165. [PMID: 38815884 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Ten C-geranylated flavonoids, along with three known analogues, were isolated from the leaves of Artocarpus communis. The chemical structures of these compounds were unambiguously determined via comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments, and quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism calculations. Structurally, artocarones A-I (1-9) represent a group of unusual, highly modified C-geranylated flavonoids, in which the geranyl chain is cyclised with the ortho-hydroxy group of flavonoids to form various heterocyclic scaffolds. Notably, artocarones E and G-I (5 and 7-9) feature a 6H-benzo[c]chromene core that is hitherto undescribed in C-geranylated flavonoids. Artocarone J (10) is the first example of C-9-C-16 connected C-geranylated aurone. Meanwhile, the plausible biosynthetic pathways for these rare C-geranylated flavonoids were also proposed. Notably, compounds 1, 2, 4, 8, 11, and 12 exhibited promising in vitro inhibitory activities against respiratory syncytial virus and herpes simplex virus type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Xia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yang Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China; Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
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Birsa ML, Sarbu LG. Hydroxy Chalcones and Analogs with Chemopreventive Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10667. [PMID: 37445844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to highlight the chemopreventive properties of hydroxy-substituted natural and synthetic chalcones along with a number of their analogs. These products display various biological activities, and have many applications against various diseases. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of chalcones bearing hydroxy substituents are underlined. The influence of hydroxy substituents located on ring A, B, or both are systematized according to the exhibited biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihail Lucian Birsa
- Department of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura G Sarbu
- Department of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
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Specialized Metabolites from Ribosome Engineered Strains of Streptomyces clavuligerus. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11040239. [PMID: 33924621 PMCID: PMC8069389 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial specialized metabolites are of immense importance because of their medicinal, industrial, and agricultural applications. Streptomyces clavuligerus is a known producer of such compounds; however, much of its metabolic potential remains unknown, as many associated biosynthetic gene clusters are silent or expressed at low levels. The overexpression of ribosome recycling factor (frr) and ribosome engineering (induced rpsL mutations) in other Streptomyces spp. has been reported to increase the production of known specialized metabolites. Therefore, we used an overexpression strategy in combination with untargeted metabolomics, molecular networking, and in silico analysis to annotate 28 metabolites in the current study, which have not been reported previously in S. clavuligerus. Many of the newly described metabolites are commonly found in plants, further alluding to the ability of S. clavuligerus to produce such compounds under specific conditions. In addition, the manipulation of frr and rpsL led to different metabolite production profiles in most cases. Known and putative gene clusters associated with the production of the observed compounds are also discussed. This work suggests that the combination of traditional strain engineering and recently developed metabolomics technologies together can provide rapid and cost-effective strategies to further speed up the discovery of novel natural products.
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Pimenta do Nascimento T, Barros Santos MC, Pimentel de Abreu J, Lengruber Gonçalves Teixeira de Almeida I, Barreto da Silva Feijó M, Junger Teodoro A, Simões Larraz Ferreira M, Cameron LC, Bello Koblitz MG. Effects of cooking on the phytochemical profile of breadfruit as revealed by high-resolution UPLC-MS E. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1962-1970. [PMID: 31846074 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the impact of cooking on the profile of bioactive compounds in unripe breadfruit. To this end, the accessibility of bioactive compounds by various solvents was assessed through total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity analyses. The most efficient solvent was applied to extract the metabolites, which were evaluated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in MSE mode. RESULTS Cooked and raw breadfruit presented total phenolic content and antioxidant capacities in almost all extracts, and pure water proved to be the best extractor. Globally, 146 bioactive compounds have been identified for both raw and cooked fruits' aqueous extracts. Most of these compounds were stable to the heat treatment applied (121 °C/10 min). However, results revealed that 22 metabolites contributed to significantly distinguishing the raw from the cooked samples. Among those, 15 compounds, such as pyrogallol, 1-acetoxypinoresinol, and scopolin, evidenced higher relative abundance in the cooked extracts. On the other hand, only seven metabolites, such as 4-hydroxyhippuric acid, epicatechin, and leptodactylone, decreased post-heating. CONCLUSIONS Cooking promoted little alteration in the bioactive compounds profile of immature breadfruit and thus appears to be an exploitation alternative for this perishable fruit, which seems to be a source of a large range of bioactive compounds. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Pimenta do Nascimento
- Center of Nutritional Biochemistry, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program (PPGAN), Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Millena Cristina Barros Santos
- Center of Nutritional Biochemistry, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program (PPGAN), Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joel Pimentel de Abreu
- Center of Nutritional Biochemistry, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program (PPGAN), Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anderson Junger Teodoro
- Center of Nutritional Biochemistry, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program (PPGAN), Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Simões Larraz Ferreira
- Center of Nutritional Biochemistry, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program (PPGAN), Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Center of Innovation in Mass Spectrometry, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Claudio Cameron
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Center of Innovation in Mass Spectrometry, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Bello Koblitz
- Center of Nutritional Biochemistry, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program (PPGAN), Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Center of Innovation in Mass Spectrometry, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Cheng CL, Jia XH, Xiao CM, Tang WZ. Paulownia C-geranylated flavonoids: their structural variety, biological activity and application prospects. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2019; 18:549-570. [PMID: 32214921 PMCID: PMC7088933 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-019-09614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Paulownia species, especially their flowers and fruits, are traditionally used in Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of infectious diseases. C-geranylated flavonoids were found to be the major special metabolites in Paulownia flowers and fruits, and 76 C-geranylated flavonoids had been isolated and characterized thus far. Structural variations in Paulownia C-geranylated flavonoids are mainly due to the complicated structural modifications in their geranyl substituents. These natural compounds have attracted much attention because of their various biological activities, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, cytotoxic activity and various enzymatic inhibitions, etc. Among them, diplacone, a major Paulownia component, was considered to have promise for applications in medicine. This paper summarizes the information from current publications on Paulownia C-geranylated flavonoids, with a focus on their structural variety, key spectroscopic characteristics, biological activity with structure-activity relationships and application prospects. We hope that this paper will stimulate further investigations of Paulownia species and this kind of natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-lei Cheng
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, 250101 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian-hui Jia
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 18877, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250062 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, 250062 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250062 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-mei Xiao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 18877, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250062 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, 250062 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250062 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-zhao Tang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 18877, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250062 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, 250062 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250062 Shandong People’s Republic of China
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6
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Tang WZ, Wang YA, Gao TY, Wang XJ, Zhao YX. Identification of C-geranylated flavonoids from Paulownia catalpifolia Gong Tong fruits by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and their anti-aging effects on 2BS cells induced by H 2O 2. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 15:384-391. [PMID: 28558874 PMCID: PMC7130034 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The fruits of Paulownia catalpifolia Gong Tong are used as a Chinese folk herbal medicine for the treatment of enteritis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, and dysentery, etc. Our previous study has identified new C-geranylated flavanones with obvious anti-proliferative effects in lung cancer A549 cells. In the present study, a new C-geranylated flavone, paucatalinone C (1) and five known C-geranylated flavanones (2–6) were isolated. In addition, a total of 34 C-geranylated flavonoids were detected by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS coupling techniques from the CH2Cl2 extract of P. catalpifolia. Futhermore, anti-aging effects of isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro with premature senescent 2BS cells induced by H2O2. Phytochemical results indicated that P. catalpifolia was a natural resource of abundant C-geranylated flavonoids. Diplacone (3) and paucatalinone A (5) were the potent anti-aging agents in the premature senescent 2BS cells induced by H2O2 and the C-geranyl substituent may be an important factor because of its lipophilic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhao Tang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250062, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ying-Ai Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Tian-Yang Gao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Yun-Xue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Lin JA, Wu CH, Yen GC. Breadfruit flavonoid derivatives attenuate advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-enhanced colon malignancy in HCT116 cancer cells. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Mehta V, Malairaman U. Flavonoids. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-1762-7.ch022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the major healthcare problems faced by the society today and has become alarmingly epidemic in many parts of the world. Despite enormous knowledge and technology advancement, available diabetes therapeutics only provide symptomatic relief by reducing blood glucose level, thereby, just slows down development and progression of diabetes and its associated complications. Thus, the need of the day is to develop alternate strategies that can not only prevent the progression but also reverse already “set-in” diabetic complications. Many flavonoids are reported, traditionally as well as experimentally, to be beneficial in averting diabetes and lowering risk of its accompanying complications. In the present chapter we have convened different flavonoids beneficial in diabetes and comorbid complications and discussed their mechanisms of action. Further, we conclude that coupling current therapeutics with flavonoids might provide exceptional advantage in the management of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Mehta
- Jaypee University of Information Technology, India
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9
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In vitro antifungal activity of flavonoid diglycosides of Mentha piperita and their oxime derivatives against two cereals fungi. CR CHIM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rozmer Z, Perjési P. Naturally occurring chalcones and their biological activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2016. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-014-9387-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
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The therapeutic potential of medicinal foods. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2014; 2014:354264. [PMID: 24822061 PMCID: PMC4009199 DOI: 10.1155/2014/354264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and nutritional sciences have recently witnessed a bloom in the scientific literature geared towards the use of food plants for their diversified health benefits and potential clinical applications. Health professionals now recognize that a synergism of drug therapy and nutrition might confer optimum outcomes in the fight against diseases. The prophylactic benefits of food plants are being investigated for potential use as novel medicinal remedies due to the presence of pharmacologically active compounds. Although the availability of scientific data is rapidly growing, there is still a paucity of updated compilation of data and concerns about the rationale of these health-foods still persist in the literature. This paper attempts to congregate the nutritional value, phytochemical composition, traditional uses, in vitro and in vivo studies of 10 common medicinal food plants used against chronic noncommunicable and infectious diseases. Food plants included were based on the criteria that they are consumed as a common food in a typical diet as either fruit or vegetable for their nutritive value but have also other parts which are in common use in folk medicine. The potential challenges of incorporating these medicinal foods in the diet which offers prospective opportunities for future drug development are also discussed.
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Lin JA, Chen HC, Yen GC. The preventive role of breadfruit against inflammation-associated epithelial carcinogenesis in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 58:206-10. [PMID: 23983093 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Artocarpus communis has been identified as a rich source of flavonoids and has been gaining attention for its potential chemopreventive abilities. In this study, methanol extracts from the fruit of A. communis (MEFA) and leaf of A. communis (MELA) were prepared, and their effects on inflammation-associated skin tumorigenesis were assessed using mouse models, including 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced cutaneous inflammation as well as 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene (DMBA) initiated and TPA-promoted skin tumorigenesis. According to the results, both MEFA and MELA decreased the intensity of leukocyte infiltration in mouse dorsal skin and cutaneous edema induced by TPA, which appeared to be mediated by inhibition of proinflammatory genes (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, and IL-6) and proinflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, and Prostaglandin E2 ). In addition, topical application with MEFA or MELA effectively attenuated tumor incidence, multiplicity, volume, malignancy as well as angiogenesis of TPA-stimulated skin tumor promotion in DMBA-initiated mice. Notably, immunohistochemical stain showed that MEFA and MELA attenuated COX-2 expression of both skin and tumor tissues in different animal tests, which may be closely related to the suppression of nuclear factor kappa B/activator protein signaling networks. These findings first demonstrate that flavonoid-rich A. communis may exert potent anti-inflammatory activity through modulation of COX-2 in TPA-activated skin and tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jer-An Lin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wu CH, Hsieh HT, Lin JA, Yen GC. Alternanthera paronychioides protects pancreatic β-cells from glucotoxicity by its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and insulin secretagogue actions. Food Chem 2013; 139:362-70. [PMID: 23561118 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant and antiglucotoxic effects of Alternanthera paronychioides on pancreatic β-cell were investigated. Antioxidant assays demonstrated that ethanol extracts of A. paronychioides (EEAP) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, which also had the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. Two major polyphenolics, ferulic acid and quercetin, were identified from EEAP by HPLC-DAD. Effects of EEAP, ferulic acid and quercetin on high glucose (25 mmol/L)-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and dysfunction were further evaluated. Results showed that EEAP and quercetin but not ferulic acid protected β-cells from glucotoxicity through several mechanisms, including: (1) maintaining β-cell viability; (2) suppressing reactive oxygen species production; (3) reducing characteristic features of apoptosis; (4) inhibiting the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase; (5) upregulating pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 gene expression and the insulin secretagogue action of pancreatic β-cells. These findings may shed light on the preventive actions of A. paronychioides on diabetic glucotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hao Wu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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