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Wu Q, Zheng J, Yu Y, Li Z, Li Y, Hu C, Zhou Y, Chen R. Analysis of Antioxidant Compounds in Vitex negundo Leaves Using Offline 2D-LC-ECD and LC-MS/MS. Molecules 2024; 29:3133. [PMID: 38999085 PMCID: PMC11242995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitex negundo has strong antioxidant activity, but its primary antioxidant components are not clear. In this study, the antioxidant components were screened by offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection (2D-LC-ECD) and subsequently assessed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identification, radical scavenging capacity, and molecular docking. Various fractions were isolated from Vitex negundo leaves, and 39 antioxidant components were screened and identified. All of the fractions containing the antioxidant components exhibited certain antioxidant activity. Correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between the response of LC-ECD and the in vitro antioxidant activity of the fractions. Molecular docking demonstrated that components with high response to LC-ECD exhibited robust interaction with antioxidant-related target proteins. The main antioxidant components of Vitex negundo leaves were isoorientin, chlorogenic acid, agnuside, cynaroside, and scutellarin. The 2D-LC-ECD combined with LC-MS/MS was rapid and effective in screening the antioxidant components in Vitex negundo leaves and could also provide technical support for the discovery of antioxidant components with different polarities and contents in other medicinal and edible plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jinfen Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhirong Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Chengfeng Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Rongxiang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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Xie Q, Tang Y, Wu X, Luo Q, Zhang W, Liu H, Fang Y, Yue X, Ju Y. Combined ultrasound and low temperature pretreatment improve the content of anthocyanins, phenols and volatile substance of Merlot red wine. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 100:106636. [PMID: 37837708 PMCID: PMC10585341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound combined with low temperature treatment is a new food processing technology. In this study, low temperature, three ultrasound power levels, and their combinations were adopted in the must before fermentation to study their effects on Merlot red wine. The results showed that ultrasound combined with low temperature pretreatment increased the total and monomer contents of anthocyanins and phenols, affected the color of the wine, and significantly increased its antioxidant capacity. In particular, 240 W of ultrasound combined with low temperature pretreatment reduced the bad odors (caprylic acid, benzaldehyde, and 1-ethanol content) and improved the flower and fruit aroma (1-octanol and phenethyl acetate), as well as the aftertaste, thus improving the quality of the wine. Ultrasound combined with low temperature pretreatment positively affected the quality of Merlot red wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xie
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yurou Tang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingyan Luo
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wentong Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanyang Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yanlun Ju
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Herrera-Marín P, Fernández L, Pilaquinga F. F, Debut A, Rodríguez A, Espinoza-Montero P. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of the leaves of fine aroma cocoa Theobroma cacao linneu (Malvaceae): Optimization by electrochemical techniques. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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4
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Phytochemicals Recovery from Grape Pomace: Extraction Improvement and Chemometric Study. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050959. [PMID: 36900476 PMCID: PMC10001001 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 20 years, an increased interest has been shown in the application of different types and combinations of enzymes to obtain phenolic extracts from grape pomace in order to maximize its valorization. Within this framework, the present study aims at improving the recovery of phenolic compounds from Merlot and Garganega pomace and at contributing to the scientific background of enzyme-assisted extraction. Five commercial cellulolytic enzymes were tested in different conditions. Phenolic compound extraction yields were analyzed via a Design of Experiments (DoE) methodology and a second extraction step with acetone was sequentially added. According to DoE, 2% w/w enzyme/substrate ratio was more effective than 1%, allowing a higher total phenol recovery, while the effect of incubation time (2 or 4 h) variation was more enzyme-dependent. Extracts were characterized via spectrophotometric and HPLC-DAD analyses. The results proved that enzymatic and acetone Merlot and Garganega pomace extracts were complex mixtures of compounds. The use of different cellulolytic enzymes led to different extract compositions, as demonstrated using PCA models. The enzyme effects were observed both in water enzymatic and in the subsequent acetone extracts, probably due to their specific grape cell wall degradation and leading to the recovery of different molecule arrays.
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The α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibition Capacity of Grape Pomace: A Review. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2023; 16:691-703. [PMID: 36062030 PMCID: PMC9427156 DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02895-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The concept of functional foods is gaining more importance due to its role in maintaining a healthy status and preventing some metabolic diseases. The control of diabetes, in particular type-2 (T2DM), could be considered a big challenge since it involves other factors such as eating habits. From the pharmacological point of view, inhibiting digestive enzymes, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase, is one of the mechanisms mainly used by synthetic drugs to control this disease; however, several side effects are described. For that reason, using bioactive compounds may appear as an alternative without presenting the complications synthetic drugs available on the market have. The winemaking industry generates tons of waste annually, and grape pomace (GP) is the most important. GP is recognized for its nutritional value and as a source of bioactive compounds that are helpful for human health. This review highlights the importance of GP as a possible source of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. Also, it is emphasized the components involved in this bioactivity and the possible interactions among them. Especially, some phenolic compounds and fiber of GP are the main ones responsible for interfering with the human digestive enzymes. Preliminary studies in vitro confirmed this bioactivity; however, further information is required to allow the specific use of GP as a functional ingredient inside the market of products recommended for people with diabetes. Graphical abstract
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Anti- and Pro-Oxidant Activity of Polyphenols Extracts of Syrah and Chardonnay Grapevine Pomaces on Melanoma Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010080. [PMID: 36670942 PMCID: PMC9855015 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenolic composition of Syrah and Chardonnay grape pomaces was studied to assess their antioxidant and prooxidant properties. Polyphenols were extracted by a "green" hydroalcoholic solvent (ethanol/water 1:1 v/v), and a detailed chemical and electrochemical characterization of the phenolic compounds was performed. The antioxidant and prooxidant capacity of the pomace was first studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and other reference analytical assays, then with biological tests on B16F10 metastatic melanoma cancer cells. Electrochemical data showed that, when a +0.5 V potential was applied, a low to moderate antioxidant capacity was observed. MTT test showed an increasing viability of melanoma cells, after treatments at low concentration (up to 100 μg/mL) and for a short time (6 h), but when cells were treated with higher doses of extract (≥250 μg/mL for 12/24 h), their viability decreased from 25 to 50% vs. control, depending on treatment time, dose, and extract origin. A stronger prooxidant activity resulted when 250 μg/mL of extract was combined with non-toxic doses of H2O2; this activity was correlated with the presence of copper in the extracts. This study shows the potential of winemaking by-products and suggests the opportunity to exploit them for the production of cosmeceuticals, or for combined therapies with approved anticancer drugs.
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Physicochemical Analysis of Cold Brew and Hot Brew Peaberry Coffee. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10101989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Peaberry coffee is the result of a natural mutation of coffee beans, and they make up only about 5–7% of coffee crops. A typical coffee cherry contains two seeds that are developed against each other, resulting in the distinctive half-rounded shape of coffee beans. However, failing to fertilize both ovules of one of the seeds or failure in endosperm development can cause only one of the seeds to develop, resulting in smaller, denser beans with a more domed shape. Peaberry coffees are said to be sweeter, lighter, and more flavorful since the peaberry beans receive all nutrients from the coffee cherry. Due to its exclusive nature, the chemical characteristic of peaberry coffee is not well understood. This study explores the acidities and antioxidant activity of peaberry coffee sourced from multiple regions. Total antioxidant capacity, total caffeoylquinic acid (CQA), total caffeine concentration, and pH levels were evaluated for peaberry coffee extracts prepared by cold and hot brewing methods. Little correlation between antioxidant activity and the concentrations of caffeine and CQA in peaberry beans was shown. Six methods were performed for the characterization of total antioxidant capacity including cyclic voltammetry, ABTS assay, and FRAP assay. Peaberry bean extract demonstrated higher average total caffeine concentrations compared to traditional coffee bean extracts.
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Vahapoglu B, Erskine E, Gultekin Subasi B, Capanoglu E. Recent Studies on Berry Bioactives and Their Health-Promoting Roles. Molecules 2021; 27:108. [PMID: 35011338 PMCID: PMC8747047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Along with the increased knowledge about the positive health effects of food bioactives, the eating habits of many individuals have changed to obtain higher nutritional benefits from foods. Fruits are among the most preferred food materials in this regard. In particular, berry fruits are important sources in the diet in terms of their high nutritional content including vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds. Berry fruits have remedial effects on several diseases and these health-promoting impacts are associated with their phenolic compounds which may vary depending on the type and variety of the fruit coupled with other factors including climate, agricultural conditions, etc. Most of the berries have outstanding beneficial roles in many body systems of humans such as gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. Furthermore, they are effective on some metabolic disorders and several types of cancer. In this review, the health-promoting effects of bioactive compounds in berry fruits are presented and the most recent in vivo, in vitro, and clinical studies are discussed from a food science and nutrition point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza Vahapoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; (B.V.); (E.E.); (B.G.S.)
| | - Ezgi Erskine
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; (B.V.); (E.E.); (B.G.S.)
| | - Busra Gultekin Subasi
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; (B.V.); (E.E.); (B.G.S.)
- Hafik Kamer Ornek Vocational School, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; (B.V.); (E.E.); (B.G.S.)
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9
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Ferreira C, Sáenz-Navajas MP, Carrascón V, Næs T, Fernández-Zurbano P, Ferreira V. An assessment of voltammetry on disposable screen printed electrodes to predict wine chemical composition and oxygen consumption rates. Food Chem 2021; 365:130405. [PMID: 34284330 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed at determining the applicability of linear sweep voltammetry coupled to disposable carbon paste electrodes to predict chemical composition and wine oxygen consumption rates (OCR) by PLS-modeling of the voltammetric signal. Voltammetric signals were acquired in a set of 16 red commercial wines. Samples were extensively characterized including SO2, antioxidant indexes, metals and polyphenols measured by HPLC. Wine OCRs were calculated by measuring oxygen consumption under controlled oxidation conditions. PLS-Regression models were calculated to predict chemical variables and wine OCRs from first order difference voltammogram curves. A significant number of fully validated models predicting chemical variables from voltammetric signals were obtained. Interestingly, monomeric and polymerized anthocyanins can be differently predicted from the first and second wave of the first derivative of voltammograms, respectively. This fast, cheap and easy-to-use approach presents an important potential to be used in wineries for rapid wine chemical characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelo Ferreira
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Aroma y Enología (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), Associate unit to Instituto de las Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (UR-CSIC-GR), c/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Matemáticas y Aplicaciones (IUMA-UNIZAR), Spain
| | - Maria-Pilar Sáenz-Navajas
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (Universidad de La Rioja-CSIC-Gobierno de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos Km. 6, Finca La Grajera, 26007 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Vanesa Carrascón
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Aroma y Enología (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), Associate unit to Instituto de las Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (UR-CSIC-GR), c/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Tormod Næs
- Nofima AS, Osloveien 1, P.O. Box 210, N-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Purificación Fernández-Zurbano
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (Universidad de La Rioja-CSIC-Gobierno de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos Km. 6, Finca La Grajera, 26007 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Vicente Ferreira
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Aroma y Enología (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), Associate unit to Instituto de las Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (UR-CSIC-GR), c/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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10
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Evaluation of Pulsed Electric Field Polyphenol Extraction from Vitis vinifera, Sideritis scardica and Crocus sativus. CHEMENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering5020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study exploited the application of pulsed electric field (PEF) on the recovery of polyphenols from aerial parts of Sideritis scardica, tepals of Crocus sativus, and fruits of Vitis vinifera. Short pulses of 10 μs in a period of 1 ms were applied to the plant material, while different electric field intensities, 1.2 to 2.0 kV/cm were tested to optimize the procedure. The content in total polyphenols and the polyphenolic profile of the plant extracts were evaluated. Along with PEF samples, control samples were prepared for comparison. PEF treatment enhanced the recovery in total polyphenols for all the three plants examined. A significant increase was noticed in each plant tested and PEF condition applied, though lower electric field intensities up to 1.4 kV/cm proved to be more effective. Under the optimum electric field intensities, 1.4 kV/cm for V. vinifera and 1.2 kV/cm for S. scardica and C. sativus, increases of 49.15%, 35.25%, and 44.36% in total polyphenol content, respectively, were achieved. Additionally, an 85% increase of quercetin 3-rutinoside for V. vinifera, a 56% of apigenin 7-O-glucoside for S. scardica, and a 64% increase for kaempferol 3-O-glucoside for C. sativus were obtained.
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Gerardi G, Cavia-Saiz M, Muñiz P. From winery by-product to healthy product: bioavailability, redox signaling and oxidative stress modulation by wine pomace product. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7427-7448. [PMID: 33951976 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1914542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The wine pomace is the main winery by-products that suppose an economic and environmental problem and their use as a functional ingredient are being increasingly recognized as a good and inexpensive source of bioactive compounds. In this sense, it is known the potential health properties of wine pomace products in the prevention of disorders associated with oxidative stress and inflammation such as endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity. Those effects are due to the bioactive compounds of wine pomace and the mechanisms concern especially modulation of antioxidant/prooxidant activity, improvement of nitric oxide bioavailability, reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulation of antioxidant/inflammatory signal pathways. This review mainly summarizes the mechanisms of wine pomace products as modulators of oxidative status involved in cell pathologies as well as their potential therapeutic use for cardiovascular diseases. For this purpose, the review provides an overview of the findings related to the wine pomace bioactive compounds profile, their bioavailability and the action mechanisms for maintaining the redox cell balance involved in health benefits. The review suggests an important role for wine pomace product in cardiovascular diseases prevention and their regular food intake may attenuate the development and progression of comorbidities associated with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Gerardi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Mónica Cavia-Saiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Pilar Muñiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
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12
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Chen M, Li L, Xia L, Jiang S, Kong Y, Chen X, Wang H. The kinetics and release behaviour of curcumin loaded pH-responsive PLGA/chitosan fibers with antitumor activity against HT-29 cells. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 265:118077. [PMID: 33966841 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The bioavailability and clinical effect of curcumin (Cur) are greatly restricted due to its physicochemical instability and high hydrophobicity. To overcome the disadvantages, the nanofibers of poly(lactide-glycolide)/chitosan loaded with Cur (PLGA/CS/Cur) was developed here by electrospinning technique for controlled Cur delivery. The incorporated Cur was well-dispersed and maintained crystalline form in PLGA/CS fiber matrix by hydrogen bonding. The incorporation of Cur had no obvious influence on the fiber size and morphology but exerted impacts on thermal stability. At pH 7.4, the release followed Fickian diffusion mechanism; while at pH 2.0, the release followed the coexistence of diffusion and erosion mechanisms. In addition, the amount of Cur released at pH 2.0 was much higher than that at pH 7.4. As a result, the nanofibers demonstrated higher anticancer activity at acidic environment. Therefore, the PLGA/CS/Cur nanofibers may be served as a potential pH responsive vehicle for the controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Chaohu University, 238000, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Linin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Li Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Suwei Jiang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yaqiong Kong
- School of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Chaohu University, 238000, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiaoju Chen
- School of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Chaohu University, 238000, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Hualin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Institute of Agro-Products Intensive Processing Technology, 230009, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
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13
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Šimat V, Čagalj M, Skroza D, Gardini F, Tabanelli G, Montanari C, Hassoun A, Ozogul F. Sustainable sources for antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds used in meat and seafood products. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 97:55-118. [PMID: 34311904 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of food in promotion of health has become of most importance. The challenges that lie before the global food supply chain, such as climate changes, food contamination, and antimicrobial resistance may compromise food safety at international scale. Compounds with strong antimicrobial and antioxidant activity can be extracted from different natural and sustainable sources and may contribute to extend the shelf life of meat and seafood products, enhance food safety and enrich foods with additional biologically active and functional ingredients. This chapter describes the use of bioprotective cultures, essential oils, plant extracts, seaweed extracts and grape pomace compounds in production of value-added meat and seafood products with improved shelf life and safety, following the requests from the market and consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Šimat
- University Department of Marine Studies, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Martina Čagalj
- University Department of Marine Studies, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Danijela Skroza
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Fausto Gardini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Tabanelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Montanari
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Abdo Hassoun
- Nofima AS, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Fatih Ozogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
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14
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Critical evaluation of voltammetric techniques for antioxidant capacity and activity: Presence of alumina on glassy-carbon electrodes alters the results. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Oualcadi Y, Aityoub A, Berrekhis F. Investigation of different antioxidant capacity measurements suitable for bioactive compounds applied to medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00613-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Effect of different pre-treatment maceration techniques on the content of phenolic compounds and color of Dornfelder wines elaborated in cold climate. Food Chem 2020; 339:127888. [PMID: 32866705 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study present the effects of different pre-treatment maceration techniques (microwave, thermo-maceration, and enzymatic treatment) on the content of phenolic compounds (by UPLC-PDA) and their redox potential by cyclic voltammetry (CV), antioxidant capacity (ABTS radical cation decolorization assay and FRAP as Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma), and other basic chemical properties of red wine made from cv. Dornfelder. The pre-treatment maceration technique significantly (p < 0.05) affected the content of total phenolics in Dornfelder must (freshly crushed grapes), with particularly high amounts in the must pre-treated by microwaves (4344.0 mg/100 mL), and the lowest in the must pre-treatment by thermo-maceration (2979.8 mg/100 mL). A positive correlation was found between the content of total phenolics and antioxidant activity (R = 0.69 and 0.52 by ABTS and FRAP assay, respectively) and individual groups of polyphenols (for ABTS assay with anthocyanins, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, respectively R = 0.60, 0.64 and 0.66, while for FRAP method only for anthocyanins R = 0.79). The highest antioxidant activity was also determined for the variant with microwave pre-treatment (must 3.31 mM and 3.05 mM Trolox/100 mL for ABTS and FRAP assay, respectively). Following the fermentation and maturation, the amount of polyphenols decreased. No thermal pre-treatment maceration methods gave lighter or redder must. After winemaking process all the samples were characterized by less red and more yellow shade.
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Jara-Palacios MJ, Gonçalves S, Heredia FJ, Hernanz D, Romano A. Extraction of Antioxidants from Winemaking Byproducts: Effect of the Solvent on Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant and Anti-Cholinesterase Activities, and Electrochemical Behaviour. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E675. [PMID: 32731540 PMCID: PMC7465776 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraction solvent is a very important factor in the recovery of antioxidants from natural matrices. In this study, the effect of three solvents (ethanol, ethanol/water and water) on the phenolic composition, antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activities and electrochemical behaviour of four winemaking byproducts (seeds, skins, stems, and pomace) was evaluated. Phenolic composition was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), antioxidant activity by the capacity to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radicals, anti-cholinesterase activity by the Ellman's method, and electrochemical behaviour by cyclic voltammetry. Eight phenolic compounds were quantified with higher content in water/ethanol extracts (e.g., epicatechin in pomace: 17 mg/100 g vs. 7 and 6 mg/100 g in ethanol and water extracts, respectively), although there were some exceptions (e.g., gallic acid in seeds was most abundant in water extracts). Moreover, the highest total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were found in ethanol/water extracts (between 2 and 30-fold the values of the other extracts). Overall, the most active extracts in inhibiting both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes were ethanol/water and ethanol extracts from seeds (between 31.11 and 53.90%). The electrochemical behaviour allowed for differentiating the extracts depending on the solvent and the byproduct. Our findings indicate that winemaking byproducts represent a source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activities and suggest that cyclic voltammetry is a promising technique to evaluate the phenolic extraction process from these byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Jara-Palacios
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Sandra Gonçalves
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (S.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Francisco J. Heredia
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Dolores Hernanz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Anabela Romano
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (S.G.); (A.R.)
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18
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Cisneros-Yupanqui M, Zagotto A, Alberton A, Lante A, Zagotto G, Ribaudo G, Rizzi C. Study of the phenolic profile of a grape pomace powder and its impact on delaying corn oil oxidation. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:455-459. [PMID: 32552183 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1777414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The grape pomace, the main by-product from the winemaking industry, contains many bioactive substances that must be valorized. The aim of this study was to assess the total phenolic content (TPC), phenolics profile by using HPLC and the antioxidant activity (AOA). The results showed a TPC of 38.86 ± 5.22 g gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/kg while an AOA of 247.84 ± 18.65 µmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g. Epicatechins were the most representative phenolic compound, according to the HPLC analysis. Then, the grape pomace powder (GPP) was tested in the Rancimat equipment as a natural antioxidant for delaying the corn oil oxidation. Results showed statistically significant differences between the corn oil treated with GP and the control, so the GPP could be a promising natural antioxidant to tackle the oxidation vulnerability of corn oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miluska Cisneros-Yupanqui
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment -DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Anna Zagotto
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Anna Lante
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment -DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zagotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Corrado Rizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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19
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Oualcadi Y, Sebban MF, Berrekhis F. Improvement of microwave‐assisted Soxhlet extraction of bioactive compounds applied to pomegranate peels. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Oualcadi
- Equipe de Physico‐chimie des Matériaux Ecole Normale Supérieure Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco
| | - Mohamed Faouzi Sebban
- Equipe des Macromolécules Naturelles Ecole Normale Supérieure Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco
| | - Fatima Berrekhis
- Equipe de Physico‐chimie des Matériaux Ecole Normale Supérieure Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco
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20
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Carpes ST, Pereira D, Moura CD, Reis ASD, Silva LDD, Oldoni TLC, Almeida JF, Plata-Oviedo MVS. Lyophilized and microencapsulated extracts of grape pomace from winemaking industry to prevent lipid oxidation in chicken pâté. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.11219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize spray-dried and lyophilized powders made from winery by-products and to evaluate their effect on the oxidative stability of chicken pâté. Phenolic profile, antioxidant activity, and microencapsulation efficiency were evaluated in the extracts. Two pâté formulations containing grape pomace lyophilized (GPWL) and grape pomace microencapsulated (GPWM) were produced. In addition, a sodium erythorbate and a control batch were used to compare the effects. The pâtés were evaluated by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay during refrigerated storage (4 °C/42 days). Although the microencapsulation efficiency was 90.03%, the GPWL was statistically more effective in the lipid oxidation inhibition in chicken pâté than GPWM. However, the addition of both natural antioxidants in chicken pâté resulted in lower TBARS values than pâté treated with synthetic antioxidant due to the presence of gallic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, coumaric acid and trans-resveratrol with high antioxidant activity. Thus, the bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity detected in the GPWL and GPWM opened possibilities for use as a potential ingredient in chicken pâté and other meat products.
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21
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Mora F, Pérez K, Quezada C, Herrera C, Cassano A, Ruby-Figueroa R. Impact of Membrane Pore Size on the Clarification Performance of Grape Marc Extract by Microfiltration. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9110146. [PMID: 31698840 PMCID: PMC6918468 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9110146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of membrane pore size on the permeate flux, fouling mechanism, and rejection of soluble and suspended solids, as well as of phenolics and anthocyanins, in the clarification of grape marc extract by microfiltration (MF) was studied. MF was operated by using three monotubular ceramic membranes with a pore size of 0.14, 0.2, and 0.8 µm, respectively, according to a batch concentration configuration in selected operating conditions (2.25 bar as operating pressure, 4.93 L/min as feed flow rate, and 25 °C as operating temperature). No significant differences in the permeate flux values were appreciated despite the difference in pore size. The mathematical analyses of the flux behavior revealed that intermediate pore blocking is the predominant mechanism for 0.14 and 0.2 µm membranes, whereas complete pore blocking prevails for the 0.8 µm membrane. Differences in the fouling mechanism were associated with differences in the total phenols rejection: the highest rejection was observed for the 0.8 µm membrane followed by 0.2 and 0.14 µm membranes. All selected membranes showed low rejection of sugars, with values lower than 10%, and no retention towards anthocyanins. All the clarified extracts showed a turbidity lower than 4.87 NTU. Based on the experimental results, the 0.14 µm membrane appeared as the best option for the clarification of grape marc extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Mora
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile;
| | - Karla Pérez
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago 8940577, Chile; (K.P.); (C.Q.); (C.H.)
| | - Carolina Quezada
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago 8940577, Chile; (K.P.); (C.Q.); (C.H.)
| | - Carla Herrera
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago 8940577, Chile; (K.P.); (C.Q.); (C.H.)
| | - Alfredo Cassano
- Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR, c/o University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 17/C, I-87030 Rende, Italy;
| | - René Ruby-Figueroa
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago 8940577, Chile; (K.P.); (C.Q.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-2787-7907
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22
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Pintać D, Četojević-Simin D, Berežni S, Orčić D, Mimica-Dukić N, Lesjak M. Investigation of the chemical composition and biological activity of edible grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaf varieties. Food Chem 2019; 286:686-695. [PMID: 30827664 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemical composition and bioactivity of eight edible Vitis vinifera L. leaf varieties originating from Fruška Gora, Serbia, including two autochthonous varieties, were evaluated. The LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of 28 natural products in leaf samples, among which most abundant were glycosylated flavonoids, ellagic and chlorogenic acids. The highest amounts of most of the tested compounds were detected in leaves of autochthonous variety Sila. Bioactivity was assessed by a set of in vitro antioxidant, neuroprotective and cytotoxic assays. Leaves of all examined varieties exhibited average bioactivity, with leaves of autochthonous variety Župljanka standing out as the most promising sample. To conclude, investigated grapevine leaves proved to be a rich source of nutraceuticals, primarily antioxidants, and their further employment as medicinal food in human diet and beneficial raw material for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries should be supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra Pintać
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Dragana Četojević-Simin
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Put doktora Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Sanja Berežni
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dejan Orčić
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Neda Mimica-Dukić
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marija Lesjak
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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23
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Veer B, Singh R. Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activities of Aegle marmelosLeaves. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2019; 9:478-485. [DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2019.1657946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Babita Veer
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi-110 042, India
| | - Ram Singh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi-110 042, India
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24
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Gutiérrez Barrutia MB, Curutchet A, Arcia P, Cozzano S. New functional ingredient from orange juice byproduct through a green extraction method. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Curutchet
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnologías UCU Montevideo Uruguay
| | | | - Sonia Cozzano
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnologías UCU Montevideo Uruguay
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25
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Comparison of (poly)phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of pomace extracts from kiwi and grape juice. Food Chem 2019; 271:425-432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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26
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Determination of drying kinetics and quality parameters of grape pomace dried with a heat pump dryer. Food Chem 2018; 260:152-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of twelve grape cultivars measured by chemical and electrochemical methods. Eur Food Res Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-018-3105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Castello F, Costabile G, Bresciani L, Tassotti M, Naviglio D, Luongo D, Ciciola P, Vitale M, Vetrani C, Galaverna G, Brighenti F, Giacco R, Del Rio D, Mena P. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of grape pomace phenolic compounds in humans. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 646:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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29
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Muñoz R, García-Hernández C, Medina-Plaza C, García-Cabezón C, Fernández-Escudero JA, Barajas E, Medrano G, Rodriguez-Méndez ML. A different approach for the analysis of grapes: Using the skin as sensing element. Food Res Int 2018; 107:544-550. [PMID: 29580518 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an alternative method to monitor the phenolic maturity of grapes was developed. In this approach, the skins of grapes were used to cover the surface of carbon paste electrodes and the voltammetric signals obtained with the skin-modified sensors were used to obtain information about the phenolic content of the skins. These sensors could easily detect differences in the phenolic composition of different Spanish varieties of grapes (Mencía, Prieto Picudo and Juan García). Moreover, sensors were able to monitor changes in the phenolic content throughout the ripening process from véraison until harvest. Using PLS-1 (Partial Least Squares), correlations were established between the voltammetric signals registered with the skin-modified sensors and the phenolic content measured by classical methods (Glories or Total Polyphenol Index). PLS-1 models provided additional information about Brix degree, density or sugar content, which usually used to establish the harvesting date. The quality of the correlations was influenced by the maturation process and the structural and mechanical skin properties. Thus the skin sensors fabricated with Juan García and Prieto Picudo grapes (that showed faster polyphenolic maturation and a higher amount of extractable polyphenols than Mencía), showed good correlations and therefore could be used to monitor the ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Muñoz
- Group of Sensors UVASENS, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Dept. Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - J A Fernández-Escudero
- Estación Enológica de Castilla y León, C/Santísimo Cristo, 26, 47490 Rueda, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Enrique Barajas
- ITACYL Avenida de Burgos, KM.118, Finca Zamadueñas, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Germán Medrano
- R&D Dept. Bodega Cooperativa de Cigales, C/Las Bodegas, s/n, 47270 Cigales, Valladolid, Spain
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30
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Luo L, Cui Y, Zhang S, Li L, Suo H, Sun B. Detailed phenolic composition of Vidal grape pomace by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1068-1069:201-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Poursadeghian S, Rabiee M, Moshayedi HR, Karimi M, Tahriri M, Tayebi L. Development of electrochemical noninvasive glucose nanobiosensor using antioxidants as a novel mediator. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Poursadeghian
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Moshayedi
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Meysam Karimi
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Tahriri
- Department of Developmental Sciences; Marquette University; Milwaukee WI 53233 USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Department of Developmental Sciences; Marquette University; Milwaukee WI 53233 USA
- Department of Engineering Science; University of Oxford; Oxford OX1 3PJ UK
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32
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Ferri M, Rondini G, Calabretta MM, Michelini E, Vallini V, Fava F, Roda A, Minnucci G, Tassoni A. White grape pomace extracts, obtained by a sequential enzymatic plus ethanol-based extraction, exert antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase and anti-inflammatory activities. N Biotechnol 2017; 39:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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33
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Beres C, Costa GNS, Cabezudo I, da Silva-James NK, Teles ASC, Cruz APG, Mellinger-Silva C, Tonon RV, Cabral LMC, Freitas SP. Towards integral utilization of grape pomace from winemaking process: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 68:581-594. [PMID: 28734610 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Grape is the main fruit crop in several countries. Although many grape-based food products can be found in the market, studies have shown that around 75% of the world grape production is destined for the wine industry. Grape pomace is an abundant by-product from the wine industry, which consists of the remaining skin, seeds and stalks and represents around 25% of total grape weight used in the winemaking process. In countries such as Italy, France and Spain, where wine production is more relevant, the annual grape pomace generation can reach nearly 1200 tonnes per year. In order to reach a sustainable winemaking process there is a need of a waste reduction policy. Several studies explore this subject using grape pomace as a source of healthy and technological compounds that could be applied in animal feed, pharmaceutical, cosmetic or food industry to improve stability and nutritional characteristics, and in cosmetic industry, where grape seeds oil is widely used. This review aims to approach the recent winemaking scenario and the benefits achieved when a waste management policy is implemented, as well as to compare available extractive technologies and a wide alternative of uses for grape pomace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Beres
- Chemical Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gislaine N S Costa
- Chemical School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ignacio Cabezudo
- Biotechnological and Chemical Process Institute, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Science, National University of Rosario, Rosario, SF, Argentina
| | | | - Aline S C Teles
- Chemical Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana P G Cruz
- Chemical Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Renata V Tonon
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Suely P Freitas
- Chemical School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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34
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Menezes Peixoto CRD, Fraga S, Rosa Justim JD, Silva Gomes M, Gonçalves Carvalho D, Jarenkow JA, Fernandes de Moura N. Voltammetric determination of total antioxidant capacity of Bunchosia glandulifera tree extracts. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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35
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Cyclic voltammetry to evaluate the antioxidant potential in winemaking by-products. Talanta 2017; 165:211-215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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36
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Chamorro S, Viveros A, Rebolé A, Arija I, Romero C, Alvarez I, Rey A, Brenes A. Addition of exogenous enzymes to diets containing grape pomace: Effects on intestinal utilization of catechins and antioxidant status of chickens. Food Res Int 2017; 96:226-234. [PMID: 28528103 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Grape pomace (GP) is a rich source of polyphenols with antioxidant capacity. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of GP phenolic compounds included at 5 and 10%, and the addition (individually or combined) of hydrolyzing enzymes (carbohydrase enzyme complex and tannase at 500ppm) on intestinal utilization of catechins and antioxidant status in broiler chickens. A diet supplemented with 200ppm of α-tocopheryl acetate was also used. Our findings demonstrate the capacity of chickens to digest the monomeric (catechin, epicatechin, gallic acid, and epicatechin-O-gallate) and dimeric (procyanidin B1 and procyanidin B2) catechins present in grape pomace. The addition of enzymes (mainly tannase) hydrolyzed the polymeric structures into smaller catechins, but also promoted a lower digestibility of the monomeric and dimeric catechins suggesting that polymeric structures might favour the intestinal utilization of these catechins. The intestinal accumulation of phenolic compounds generated with tannase and with 10% GP reversed the antimicrobial effect against Clostridium perfringens observed with 5% of GP. Grape pomace improved the antioxidant status of the bird, increasing the α-tocopherol and reducing the iron content on plasma, not affecting the plasma gluthatione. Enzymes modified the intestinal utilization of catechins but not additional protective effect was detected on any of the parameters analyzed to evaluate the antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chamorro
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Viveros
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Rebolé
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Arija
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Romero
- Universidad Católica de Ávila, 05005 Ávila, Spain
| | - I Alvarez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Rey
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Brenes
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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37
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Machado NFL, Domínguez-Perles R. Addressing Facts and Gaps in the Phenolics Chemistry of Winery By-Products. Molecules 2017; 22:E286. [PMID: 28216592 PMCID: PMC6155862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Grape and wine phenolics display a noticeable structural diversity, encompassing distinct compounds ranging from simple molecules to oligomers, as well as polymers usually designated as tannins. Since these compounds contribute critically to the organoleptic properties of wines, their analysis and quantification are of primordial importance for winery industry operators. Besides, the occurrence of these compounds has been also extensively described in winery residues, which have been pointed as a valuable source of bioactive phytochemicals presenting potential for the development of new added value products that could fit the current market demands. Therefore, the cumulative knowledge generated during the last decades has allowed the identification of the most promising compounds displaying interesting biological functions, as well as the chemical features responsible for the observed bioactivities. In this regard, the present review explores the scope of the existing knowledge, concerning the compounds found in these winery by-products, as well as the chemical features presumably responsible for the biological functions already identified. Moreover, the present work will hopefully pave the way for further actions to develop new powerful applications to these materials, thus, contributing to more sustainable valorization procedures and the development of newly obtained compounds with enhanced biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson F L Machado
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (CITAB-UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (CITAB-UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), Campus University, Edif. 25, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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38
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León-González AJ, Jara-Palacios MJ, Abbas M, Heredia FJ, Schini-Kerth VB. Role of epigenetic regulation on the induction of apoptosis in Jurkat leukemia cells by white grape pomace rich in phenolic compounds. Food Funct 2017; 8:4062-4069. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00263g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Grape pomace is a rich source of phenolic compounds commonly employed for elaboration of dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. León-González
- UMR 7213 CNRS
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
| | - M. José Jara-Palacios
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
| | - Malak Abbas
- UMR 7213 CNRS
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
| | - Francisco J. Heredia
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
| | - Valérie B. Schini-Kerth
- UMR 7213 CNRS
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
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39
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Lavelli V, Sri Harsha PSC, Ferranti P, Scarafoni A, Iametti S. Grape skin phenolics as inhibitors of mammalian α-glucosidase and α-amylase--effect of food matrix and processing on efficacy. Food Funct 2016; 7:1655-63. [PMID: 26943361 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00073h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Type-2 diabetes is continuously increasing worldwide. Hence, there is a need to develop functional foods that efficiently alleviate damage due to hyperglycaemia complications while meeting the criteria for a sustainable food processing technology. Inhibition of mammalian α-amylase and α-glucosidase was studied for white grape skin samples recovered from wineries and found to be higher than that of the drug acarbose. In white grape skins, quercetin and kaempferol derivatives, analysed by UPLC-DAD-MS, and the oligomeric series of catechin/epicatechin units and their gallic acid ester derivatives up to nonamers, analysed by MALDI-TOF-MS were identified. White grape skin was then used for enrichment of a tomato puree (3%) and a flat bread (10%). White grape skin phenolics were found in the extract obtained from the enriched foods, except for the higher mass proanthocyanidin oligomers, mainly due to their binding to the matrix and to a lesser extent to heat degradation. Proanthocyanidin solubility was lower in bread, most probably due to formation of binary proanthocyanin/protein complexes, than in tomato puree where possible formation of ternary proanthocyanidin/protein/pectin complexes can enhance solubility. Enzyme inhibition by the enriched foods was significantly higher than for unfortified foods. Hence, this in vitro approach provided a platform to study potential dietary agents to alleviate hyperglycaemia damage and suggested that grape skin phenolics could be effective even if the higher mass proanthocyanidins are bound to the food matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lavelli
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - P S C Sri Harsha
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - P Ferranti
- Department of Agriculture University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - A Scarafoni
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - S Iametti
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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40
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Preparative separation of grape skin polyphenols by high-speed counter-current chromatography. Food Chem 2016; 212:712-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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41
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Jara-Palacios MJ, Hernanz D, Escudero-Gilete ML, Heredia FJ. The Use of Grape Seed Byproducts Rich in Flavonoids to Improve the Antioxidant Potential of Red Wines. Molecules 2016; 21:E1526. [PMID: 27845756 PMCID: PMC6274374 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of adding seeds from grape pomace during Syrah wine fermentation in a warm climate has been studied. Seeds of Pedro Ximenez variety were rich in phenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids such as catechin and procyanidins. Changes in total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of red wines were observed. These changes depended on the vinification stage and the amount of seeds (SW: 450 g or DW: 900 g seeds/150 kg grapes) applied. In general, antioxidant activity was greater when a simple dose (SW) was considered. Results indicate that seeds rich in flavonoids could be used as wine additives, which could improve the antioxidant potential of red wines in a warm climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Jara-Palacios
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Department of Nutrition & Food Science, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Dolores Hernanz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - María Luisa Escudero-Gilete
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Department of Nutrition & Food Science, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Heredia
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Department of Nutrition & Food Science, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
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42
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Electrochemical methods as a tool for determining the antioxidant capacity of food and beverages: A review. Food Chem 2016; 221:1371-1381. [PMID: 27979102 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The growing interest in functional foods had led to the use of analytical techniques to quantify some properties, among which is the antioxidant capacity (AC). In order to identify and quantify this capacity, some techniques are used, based on synthetic radicals capture; and they are monitored by UV-vis spectrophotometry. Electrochemical techniques are emerging as alternatives, given some of the disadvantages faced by spectrophotometric methods such as the use of expensive reagent not environmentally friendly, undefined reaction time, long sample pretreatment, and low precision and sensitivity. This review focuses on the four most commonly used electrochemical techniques (cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and chronoamperometry). Some of the applications to determine AC in foods and beverages are presented, as well as the correlation between both spectrophotometric and electrochemical techniques that have been reported.
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43
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Wang H, Hao L, Niu B, Jiang S, Cheng J, Jiang S. Kinetics and Antioxidant Capacity of Proanthocyanidins Encapsulated in Zein Electrospun Fibers by Cyclic Voltammetry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3083-3090. [PMID: 27032258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The proanthocyanidins encapsulated in zein (zein-PA) fibers was via electrospinning technique. The kinetics and antioxidant capacity of PA from zein fibers was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. Circular dichroism was used to investigate the secondary structure change of zein and its influence on the shape of fibers. The addition of PA caused a significant increase in viscosity and made fibers wider. These hydrogen bonds between zein and PA molecules would favor the α-helix change and decrease the β-folds of zein in electrospinning solutions, leading to a round-shaped tendency of fibers and enhancing the thermal properties slightly. Zein-PA fibers showed high encapsulation efficiency close to 100%, and the encapsulated PA retained its antioxidant capacity in fibers. Zein-PA fibers showed a good controlled release toward PA, and the predominant release of PA from fibers was Fickian diffusion, which could be well described by first-order model and Hixson-Crowell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualin Wang
- Anhui Institute of Agro-Products Intensive Processing Technology , 230009 Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | - Shaotong Jiang
- Anhui Institute of Agro-Products Intensive Processing Technology , 230009 Hefei, Anhui, PR China
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44
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Beres C, Simas-Tosin FF, Cabezudo I, Freitas SP, Iacomini M, Mellinger-Silva C, Cabral LMC. Antioxidant dietary fibre recovery from Brazilian Pinot noir grape pomace. Food Chem 2016; 201:145-52. [PMID: 26868559 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Brazilian grape pomace was extracted in hot water, and a factorial experiment was used to evaluate polysaccharide recovery. The dependent variables were the temperature, particle size and solute:solvent ratio. Polysaccharide yields varied from 3% to 10%, and the highest sugar content was observed when extraction was carried out at 100 °C from finely sized particles (⩽249 μm) in a 1:12 solute:solvent ratio. The monosaccharide composition of extracts obtained from flours were, on average, Rha:Ara:Xyl:Man:Gal:Glc:GalA in a 3:32:2:13:11:20:19 M ratio, with varying Glc:GalA ratios. (13)C NMR and HSQC spectra confirmed the presence of pectic- and glucose-based polysaccharides in the extracts. Phenolic compounds were found after pomace extraction, and catechin, gallic acid and epicatechin were the principal compounds identified. The extracts also had ABTS radical scavenging capacity (from 8.00 to 46.60 mMol Trolox/100 g pomace). These findings indicate that these grape pomace flours are rich in antioxidant dietary fibre and have a potential use as food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Beres
- Instituto de Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, CEP: 21949-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Av. das Américas, 29501, 23.020-470, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Simas-Tosin
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ignacio Cabezudo
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ-CONICET), Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Argentina
| | - Suely P Freitas
- Escola de Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco E, Sala 211, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, CEP: 21949-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcello Iacomini
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Caroline Mellinger-Silva
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Av. das Américas, 29501, 23.020-470, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Lourdes M C Cabral
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Av. das Américas, 29501, 23.020-470, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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