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Zheng XW, Fang YY, Lin JJ, Luo JJ, Li SJ, Aschner M, Jiang YM. Signal Transduction Associated with Mn-induced Neurological Dysfunction. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4158-4169. [PMID: 38155332 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03999-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is a heavy metal that occurs widely in nature and has a vital physiological role in growth and development. However, excessive exposure to Mn can cause neurological damage, especially cognitive dysfunction, such as learning disability and memory loss. Numerous studies on the mechanisms of Mn-induced nervous system damage found that this metal targets a variety of metabolic pathways, for example, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, neuroinflammation, cellular signaling pathway changes, and neurotransmitter metabolism interference. This article reviews the latest research progress on multiple signaling pathways related to Mn-induced neurological dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Zheng
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-Yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases in Guangxi Colleges and Universities, Medical University of Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fang
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-Yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases in Guangxi Colleges and Universities, Medical University of Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jun-Jie Lin
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-Yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases in Guangxi Colleges and Universities, Medical University of Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jing-Jing Luo
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-Yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases in Guangxi Colleges and Universities, Medical University of Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shao-Jun Li
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-Yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases in Guangxi Colleges and Universities, Medical University of Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Michael Aschner
- The Department of Molecular Pharmacology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Yue-Ming Jiang
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-Yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases in Guangxi Colleges and Universities, Medical University of Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Nakamura Y, Kobayashi S, Cho K, Itoh S, Miyashita C, Yamaguchi T, Iwata H, Tamura N, Saijo Y, Ito Y, Seto Y, Honjo R, Ando A, Furuse Y, Manabe A, Kishi R. Prenatal metal concentrations and physical abnormalities in the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1875-1882. [PMID: 37857850 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02851-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between prenatal metal exposure and congenital anomalies is unclear. We aimed to examine the association between exposure to cadmium, lead, mercury, selenium, and manganese and physical abnormalities. METHODS Data from 89,887 pregnant women with singleton pregnancies who participated in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) were used. The correlation between maternal blood metal concentrations and physical abnormalities during the second or third trimester was investigated using logistic regression models. Physical anomalies included those observed at birth or at 1 month, primarily from ICD-10 Chapter 17, particularly congenital anomalies associated with environmental factors (e.g., hypospadias, cryptorchidism, cleft lip and palate, digestive tract atresia, congenital heart disease, and chromosomal abnormalities) and minor abnormalities. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, the OR (95% CIs) of physical abnormalities for a one-unit rise in Mn concentrations in all individuals were 1.26 (1.08, 1.48). The OR (95% CIs) of physical abnormalities in the 4th quartile (≥18.7 ng/g) were 1.06 (1.01, 1.13) (p-value for the trend = 0.034) compared with those in the 1st quartile (≤12.5 ng/g). CONCLUSION In Japan, maternal blood Mn concentrations above threshold during pregnancy may slightly increase the incidence of physical abnormalities. IMPACT Physical abnormalities (including minor anomalies and congenital anomalies) are associated with prenatal manganese concentrations. They are not associated with cadmium, lead, mercury, and selenium concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sumitaka Kobayashi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Kazutoshi Cho
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Itoh
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Miyashita
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamaguchi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Iwata
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naomi Tamura
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Saijo
- Department of Social Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing, Kitami, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Seto
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryota Honjo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akiko Ando
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuta Furuse
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Manabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Tong J, Song J, Zhang W, Zhai J, Guan Q, Wang H, Liu G, Zheng C. When DNA-damage responses meet innate and adaptive immunity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:185. [PMID: 38630271 PMCID: PMC11023972 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
When cells proliferate, stress on DNA replication or exposure to endogenous or external insults frequently results in DNA damage. DNA-Damage Response (DDR) networks are complex signaling pathways used by multicellular organisms to prevent DNA damage. Depending on the type of broken DNA, the various pathways, Base-Excision Repair (BER), Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER), Mismatch Repair (MMR), Homologous Recombination (HR), Non-Homologous End-Joining (NHEJ), Interstrand Crosslink (ICL) repair, and other direct repair pathways, can be activated separately or in combination to repair DNA damage. To preserve homeostasis, innate and adaptive immune responses are effective defenses against endogenous mutation or invasion by external pathogens. It is interesting to note that new research keeps showing how closely DDR components and the immune system are related. DDR and immunological response are linked by immune effectors such as the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway. These effectors act as sensors of DNA damage-caused immune response. Furthermore, DDR components themselves function in immune responses to trigger the generation of inflammatory cytokines in a cascade or even trigger programmed cell death. Defective DDR components are known to disrupt genomic stability and compromise immunological responses, aggravating immune imbalance and leading to serious diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders. This study examines the most recent developments in the interaction between DDR elements and immunological responses. The DDR network's immune modulators' dual roles may offer new perspectives on treating infectious disorders linked to DNA damage, including cancer, and on the development of target immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tong
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jiangwei Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Wuchao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Qingli Guan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA 80th Group Army, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Huiqing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Gentao Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University & Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20000, China.
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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dos Santos NR, Rodrigues JLG, Bandeira MDJ, Anjos ALDS, Araújo CFDS, Adan LFF, Menezes-Filho JA. Manganese and Lead Exposure and Early Puberty Onset in Children Living near a Ferromanganese Alloy Plant. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:7158. [PMID: 35742410 PMCID: PMC9222911 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) and lead (Pb) have been associated with the deregulation of the neuroendocrine system, which could potentially favor the appearance of precocious puberty (PP) in environmentally exposed children. This study aims to evaluate the exposure to Mn and Pb and their potential effects in anticipating puberty in school-aged children living near a ferromanganese alloy plant in Bahia, Brazil. Toenail, occipital hair and blood samples were collected from 225 school-aged children. Tanner’s scale was used for pubertal staging. Mn in blood (MnB), toenail (MnTn) and hair (MnH) and blood lead (PbB) levels were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Puberty-related hormone concentrations were determined by chemiluminescence. The age at which girls’ breasts began to develop was inversely correlated with weight-for-age, height-for-age and BMI-for-age Z-scores (p < 0.05); pubarche also had similar results. Mn biomarker levels did not present differences among pubertal classification nor among children with potential PP or not. Furthermore, Mn exposure was not associated with the age of onset of sexual characteristics for either girls or boys. However, PbB levels were positively correlated with boys’ pubic hair stages (rho = 0.258; p = 0.009) and associated with the age of onset of girls’ pubarche (β = 0.299, 95%CI = 0.055−0.542; p = 0.017). Testosterone and LH concentrations were statistically higher in boys with an increased PbB (p = 0.09 and p = 0.02, respectively). Prospective studies are needed to better assess the association between exposure to Mn and Pb and the early onset of puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Ribeiro dos Santos
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (A.L.d.S.A.)
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (J.L.G.R.); (M.d.J.B.)
| | - Juliana Lima Gomes Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (J.L.G.R.); (M.d.J.B.)
| | - Matheus de Jesus Bandeira
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (J.L.G.R.); (M.d.J.B.)
| | - Ana Laura dos Santos Anjos
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (A.L.d.S.A.)
| | - Cecília Freitas da Silva Araújo
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil;
| | - Luis Fernando Fernandes Adan
- Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, College of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil;
| | - José Antonio Menezes-Filho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (A.L.d.S.A.)
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (J.L.G.R.); (M.d.J.B.)
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Effects of Manganese on Genomic Integrity in the Multicellular Model Organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010905. [PMID: 34681565 PMCID: PMC8535284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element, overexposure is associated with Mn-induced toxicity and neurological dysfunction. Even though Mn-induced oxidative stress is discussed extensively, neither the underlying mechanisms of the potential consequences of Mn-induced oxidative stress on DNA damage and DNA repair, nor the possibly resulting toxicity are characterized yet. In this study, we use the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate the mode of action of Mn toxicity, focusing on genomic integrity by means of DNA damage and DNA damage response. Experiments were conducted to analyze Mn bioavailability, lethality, and induction of DNA damage. Different deletion mutant strains were then used to investigate the role of base excision repair (BER) and dePARylation (DNA damage response) proteins in Mn-induced toxicity. The results indicate a dose- and time-dependent uptake of Mn, resulting in increased lethality. Excessive exposure to Mn decreases genomic integrity and activates BER. Altogether, this study characterizes the consequences of Mn exposure on genomic integrity and therefore broadens the molecular understanding of pathways underlying Mn-induced toxicity. Additionally, studying the basal poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) of worms lacking poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) parg-1 or parg-2 (two orthologue of PARG), indicates that parg-1 accounts for most of the glycohydrolase activity in worms.
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Wandt VK, Winkelbeiner N, Bornhorst J, Witt B, Raschke S, Simon L, Ebert F, Kipp AP, Schwerdtle T. A matter of concern - Trace element dyshomeostasis and genomic stability in neurons. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101877. [PMID: 33607499 PMCID: PMC7902532 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons are post-mitotic cells in the brain and their integrity is of central importance to avoid neurodegeneration. Yet, the inability of self-replenishment of post-mitotic cells results in the need to withstand challenges from numerous stressors during life. Neurons are exposed to oxidative stress due to high oxygen consumption during metabolic activity in the brain. Accordingly, DNA damage can occur and accumulate, resulting in genome instability. In this context, imbalances in brain trace element homeostasis are a matter of concern, especially regarding iron, copper, manganese, zinc, and selenium. Although trace elements are essential for brain physiology, excess and deficient conditions are considered to impair neuronal maintenance. Besides increasing oxidative stress, DNA damage response and repair of oxidative DNA damage are affected by trace elements. Hence, a balanced trace element homeostasis is of particular importance to safeguard neuronal genome integrity and prevent neuronal loss. This review summarises the current state of knowledge on the impact of deficient, as well as excessive iron, copper, manganese, zinc, and selenium levels on neuronal genome stability. Post-mitotic neurons show an increased vulnerability to oxidative stress. Trace element dyshomeostasis impairs neuronal genome maintenance, affecting DNA damage response as well as DNA repair. The review summarises the effects of excessive and deficient trace element levels neuronal genome stability maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria K Wandt
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Nicola Winkelbeiner
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Barbara Witt
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Raschke
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Luise Simon
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Franziska Ebert
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Anna P Kipp
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 24, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
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Martins AC, Krum BN, Queirós L, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Bowman AB, Aschner M. Manganese in the Diet: Bioaccessibility, Adequate Intake, and Neurotoxicological Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12893-12903. [PMID: 32298096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element that participates in several biological processes. Mn serves as a cofactor for several enzymes, such as glutamine synthetase and oxidoreductases, that have an important role in the defense of the organisms against oxidative stress. The diet is the main source of Mn intake for humans, and adequate daily intake levels for this metal change with age. Moreover, in higher amounts, Mn may be toxic, mainly to the brain. Here, we provide an overview of Mn occurrence in food, addressing its bioaccessibility and discussing the dietary standard and recommended intake of Mn consumption. In addition, we review some mechanisms underlying Mn-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton C Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Bárbara Nunes Krum
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Libânia Queirós
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- Department of Molecular of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University Yaroslavl, 150003, Russia
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg 460000, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University Yaroslavl, 150003, Russia
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146, Russia
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Ueda K, Okamoto Y, Aoki A, Jinno H. Catecholamine oxidation-mediated transcriptional inhibition in Mn neurotoxicity. J Toxicol Sci 2020; 45:619-624. [PMID: 33012730 DOI: 10.2131/jts.45.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) poisoning may result in a neurological disorder called manganism. Although the neurotoxic mechanism of Mn is unclear, oxidative stress may be involved based on the interactions between neurotransmitter catecholamines and metals such as iron. Here, we propose a novel mechanism in which Mn oxidizes catecholamines and inhibits cellular transcription. Mn accelerated the oxidation of adrenaline (Ad) and produced adrenochrome (AdC) more effectively than iron. Furthermore, the oxidation of DNA bases increased when Ad, Mn, and iron were present. However, despite the absence of iron, cell viability decreased in the presence of AdC or Ad with Mn, which suggests there is another mechanism independent of oxidative DNA damage. AdC or preincubated Ad with Mn reduced mRNA synthesis in T7 RNA polymerase-driven transcription. RNA synthesis decreased in AdC-treated cells dose-dependently. These results show that Mn disrupts neuronal function via catecholamine oxidation-mediated transcriptional inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ueda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
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9
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Ding H, Wang F, Su L, Zhao L, Hu B, Zheng W, Yao S, Li Y. Involvement of MEK5/ERK5 signaling pathway in manganese-induced cell injury in dopaminergic MN9D cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 61:126546. [PMID: 32480051 PMCID: PMC7655554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over-exposure to manganese (Mn) causes irreversible movement disorders with signs and symptoms similar, but not identical, to idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Recent data suggest that Mn toxicity occurs in dopaminergic (DA) neurons, although the mechanism remains elusive. This study was designed to investigate whether Mn interfered the apoptotic signaling transduction cascade in DA neurons. METHODS Mouse midbrain dopaminergic MN9D cells were exposed to Mn in a concentration range of 0, 400, 800, or 1200 μM as designated as control, low, medium, and high exposure groups, respectively. The flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double staining and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the apoptosis. RESULTS Data indicated that Mn exposure caused morphological alterations typical of apoptosis, increased apoptotic cells by 2-8 fold, and produced reactive oxidative species (ROS) by 1.5-2.2 fold as compared to controls (p < 0.05). Studies by qPCR and Western blot revealed that Mn exposure significantly increased the protein expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-5 (ERK5) and mitogen-activated ERK kinase-5 (MEK5) (p < 0.05). The presence of BIX02189, a specific inhibitor of MER/ERK, caused a much greater cytotoxicity, i.e., higher cell death, more ROS production, and worsened apoptosis, than did the treatment with Mn alone. Following Mn exposure, the expression of a downstream effector Bcl- 2 was reduced by 48 % while those of Bax and Caspase-3 were increased by 266.7 % and 90.1 %, respectively, as compared to controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Taken together, these data provide the initial evidence that the signaling transduction cascade mediated by MEK5/ERK5 is responsible to Mn-induced cytotoxicity; Mn exposure, by suppressing anti-apoptotic function while facilitating pro-apoptotic activities, alters neuronal cell's survival and functionally inhibits DA production by MN9D cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Ding
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Liyu Su
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Lan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Binli Hu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Shengtao Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China.
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Harischandra DS, Ghaisas S, Zenitsky G, Jin H, Kanthasamy A, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy AG. Manganese-Induced Neurotoxicity: New Insights Into the Triad of Protein Misfolding, Mitochondrial Impairment, and Neuroinflammation. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:654. [PMID: 31293375 PMCID: PMC6606738 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational or environmental exposure to manganese (Mn) can lead to the development of "Manganism," a neurological condition showing certain motor symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease (PD). Like PD, Mn toxicity is seen in the central nervous system mainly affecting nigrostriatal neuronal circuitry and subsequent behavioral and motor impairments. Since the first report of Mn-induced toxicity in 1837, various experimental and epidemiological studies have been conducted to understand this disorder. While early investigations focused on the impact of high concentrations of Mn on the mitochondria and subsequent oxidative stress, current studies have attempted to elucidate the cellular and molecular pathways involved in Mn toxicity. In fact, recent reports suggest the involvement of Mn in the misfolding of proteins such as α-synuclein and amyloid, thus providing credence to the theory that environmental exposure to toxicants can either initiate or propagate neurodegenerative processes by interfering with disease-specific proteins. Besides manganism and PD, Mn has also been implicated in other neurological diseases such as Huntington's and prion diseases. While many reviews have focused on Mn homeostasis, the aim of this review is to concisely synthesize what we know about its effect primarily on the nervous system with respect to its role in protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, and consequently, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Based on the current evidence, we propose a 'Mn Mechanistic Neurotoxic Triad' comprising (1) mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, (2) protein trafficking and misfolding, and (3) neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilshan S Harischandra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Shivani Ghaisas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Gary Zenitsky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Huajun Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Dos Santos NR, Rodrigues JLG, Bandeira MJ, Anjos ALDS, Araújo CDFS, Adan LFF, Menezes-Filho JA. Manganese exposure and association with hormone imbalance in children living near a ferro-manganese alloy plant. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 172:166-174. [PMID: 30782536 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that manganese (Mn) plays a fundamental role in the reproductive system through interference with the regulation of the secretion of hormones related to puberty. The objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental exposure to Mn and its effects on the endocrine regulation of hormones related to puberty in school-aged children living near a ferro-manganese alloy plant. Toenails, occipital hair, and blood samples were collected from 225 children, between 7 and 12 years of age, in four elementary schools in Simões Filho, Bahia, Brazil, who were exposed to different Mn levels owing to different Mn dust deposition rates. The Mn content was determined in the toenails (MnTn), hair (MnH), and blood (MnB), in addition to blood lead levels (PbB), by using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were determined by using a chemiluminescence method. Of the total participants, 50.2% were boys, with an average age of 9 years. PRL values were higher in children attending the school with a higher Mn deposition rate (p < 0.004). We observed that MnTn was positively correlated with PRL levels and exhibited a non-linear association with LH levels. None of the tested Mn biomarkers were associated with E2, T, or TSH levels. To date, despite several animal studies that have focused on the correlation between Mn exposure and the endocrine regulation of hormones and pubertal development, very few studies have reported a similar relationship between environmental Mn effects and the human endocrine system. Our findings support the hypothesis that elevated exposure to Mn in children may be associated with hormonal imbalances that might trigger the early onset of puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália R Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Juliana L G Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Matheus J Bandeira
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Ana Laura Dos S Anjos
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Cecília de Freitas S Araújo
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Luis Fernando F Adan
- Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil.
| | - José A Menezes-Filho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil.
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Porte Alcon S, Gorojod RM, Kotler ML. Regulated Necrosis Orchestrates Microglial Cell Death in Manganese-Induced Toxicity. Neuroscience 2018; 393:206-225. [PMID: 30316909 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microglia, the brain resident immune cells, play prominent roles in immune surveillance, tissue repair and neural regeneration. Despite these pro-survival actions, the relevance of these cells in the progression of several neuropathologies has been established. In the context of manganese (Mn) overexposure, it has been proposed that microglial activation contributes to enhance the neurotoxicity. However, the occurrence of a direct cytotoxic effect of Mn on microglial cells remains controversial. In the present work, we investigated the potential vulnerability of immortalized mouse microglial cells (BV-2) toward Mn2+, focusing on the signaling pathways involved in cell death. Evidence obtained showed that Mn2+ induces a decrease in cell viability which is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In this report we demonstrated, for the first time, that Mn2+ triggers regulated necrosis (RN) in BV-2 cells involving two central mechanisms: parthanatos and lysosomal disruption. The occurrence of parthanatos is supported by several cellular and molecular events: (i) DNA damage; (ii) AIF translocation from mitochondria to the nucleus; (iii) mitochondrial membrane permeabilization; and (iv) PARP1-dependent cell death. On the other hand, Mn2+ induces lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and cathepsin D (CatD) release into the cytosol supporting the lysosomal disruption. Pre-incubation with CatB and D inhibitors partially prevented the Mn2+-induced cell viability decrease. Altogether these events point to lysosomes as players in the execution of RN. In summary, our results suggest that microglial cells could be direct targets of Mn2+ damage. In this scenario, Mn2+ triggers cell death involving RN pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Porte Alcon
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Roxana Mayra Gorojod
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mónica Lidia Kotler
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Kim DS, Jin H, Anantharam V, Gordon R, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. p73 gene in dopaminergic neurons is highly susceptible to manganese neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology 2016; 59:231-239. [PMID: 27107493 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to elevated levels of manganese (Mn) has been linked to a Parkinsonian-like movement disorder, resulting from dysfunction of the extrapyramidal motor system within the basal ganglia. However, the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms of Mn-induced neurotoxicity remain elusive. In this study, we treated C57BL/6J mice with 30mg/kg Mn via oral gavage for 30 days. Interestingly, in nigral tissues of Mn-exposed mice, we found a significant downregulation of the truncated isoform of p73 protein at the N-terminus (ΔNp73). To further determine the functional role of Mn-induced p73 downregulation in Mn neurotoxicity, we examined the interrelationship between the effect of Mn on p73 gene expression and apoptotic cell death in an N27 dopaminergic neuronal model. Consistent with our animal study, 300μM Mn treatment significantly suppressed p73 mRNA expression in N27 dopaminergic cells. We further determined that protein levels of the ΔNp73 isoform was also reduced in Mn-treated N27 cells and primary striatal cultures. Furthermore, overexpression of ΔNp73 conferred modest cellular protection against Mn-induced neurotoxicity. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Mn exposure downregulates p73 gene expression resulting in enhanced susceptibility to apoptotic cell death. Thus, further characterization of the cellular mechanism underlying p73 gene downregulation will improve our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of Mn neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Suk Kim
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Richard Gordon
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
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Ensafi AA, Kazemnadi N, Amini M, Rezaei B. Impedimetric DNA-biosensor for the study of dopamine induces DNA damage and investigation of inhibitory and repair effects of some antioxidants. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 104:71-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Kim G, Lee HS, Seok Bang J, Kim B, Ko D, Yang M. A current review for biological monitoring of manganese with exposure, susceptibility, and response biomarkers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS 2015; 33:229-54. [PMID: 26023759 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2015.1030530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
People can be easily exposed to manganese (Mn), the twelfth most abundant element, through various exposure routes. However, overexposure to Mn causes manganism, a motor syndrome similar to Parkinson disease, via interference of the several neurotransmitter systems, particularly the dopaminergic system in areas. At cellular levels, Mn preferentially accumulates in mitochondria and increases the generation of reactive oxygen species, which changes expression and activity of manganoproteins. Many studies have provided invaluable insights into the causes, effects, and mechanisms of the Mn-induced neurotoxicity. To regulate Mn exposure, many countries have performed biological monitoring of Mn with three major biomarkers: exposure, susceptibility, and response biomarkers. In this study, we review current statuses of Mn exposure via various exposure routes including food, high susceptible population, effects of genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes or transporters (CYP2D6, PARK9, SLC30A10, etc.), alterations of the Mn-responsive proteins (i.e., glutamine synthetase, Mn-SOD, metallothioneins, and divalent metal trnsporter1), and epigenetic changes due to the Mn exposure. To minimize the effects of Mn exposure, further biological monitoring of Mn should be done with more sensitive and selective biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuri Kim
- a Research Center for Cell Fate Control, Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Oxidative stress and its significant roles in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 16:193-217. [PMID: 25547488 PMCID: PMC4307243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16010193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species have been implicated in diverse pathophysiological conditions, including inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Accumulating evidence indicates that oxidative damage to biomolecules including lipids, proteins and DNA, contributes to these diseases. Previous studies suggest roles of lipid peroxidation and oxysterols in the development of neurodegenerative diseases and inflammation-related cancer. Our recent studies identifying and characterizing carbonylated proteins reveal oxidative damage to heat shock proteins in neurodegenerative disease models and inflammation-related cancer, suggesting dysfunction in their antioxidative properties. In neurodegenerative diseases, DNA damage may not only play a role in the induction of apoptosis, but also may inhibit cellular division via telomere shortening. Immunohistochemical analyses showed co-localization of oxidative/nitrative DNA lesions and stemness markers in the cells of inflammation-related cancers. Here, we review oxidative stress and its significant roles in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.
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Karki P, Smith K, Johnson J, Aschner M, Lee E. Role of transcription factor yin yang 1 in manganese-induced reduction of astrocytic glutamate transporters: Putative mechanism for manganese-induced neurotoxicity. Neurochem Int 2014; 88:53-9. [PMID: 25128239 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are the most abundant non-neuronal glial cells in the brain. Once relegated to a mere supportive role for neurons, contemporary dogmas ascribe multiple active roles for these cells in central nervous system (CNS) function, including maintenance of optimal glutamate levels in synapses. Regulation of glutamate levels in the synaptic cleft is crucial for preventing excitotoxic neuronal injury. Glutamate levels are regulated predominantly by two astrocytic glutamate transporters, glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) and glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST). Indeed, the dysregulation of these transporters has been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), as well as manganism, which is caused by overexposure to the trace metal, manganese (Mn). Although Mn is an essential trace element, its excessive accumulation in the brain as a result of chronic occupational or environmental exposures induces a neurological disorder referred to as manganism, which shares common pathological features with Parkinsonism. Mn decreases the expression and function of both GLAST and GLT-1. Astrocytes are commonly targeted by Mn, and thus reduction in astrocytic glutamate transporter function represents a critical mechanism of Mn-induced neurotoxicity. In this review, we will discuss the role of astrocytic glutamate transporters in neurodegenerative diseases and Mn-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap Karki
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States
| | - Keisha Smith
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States
| | - James Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States
| | - Eunsook Lee
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States.
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18
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Stephenson AP, Schneider JA, Nelson BC, Atha DH, Jain A, Soliman KFA, Aschner M, Mazzio E, Renee Reams R. Manganese-induced oxidative DNA damage in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells: attenuation of thymine base lesions by glutathione and N-acetylcysteine. Toxicol Lett 2013; 218:299-307. [PMID: 23296100 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element required for normal function and development. However, exposure to this metal at elevated levels may cause manganism, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with neurological symptoms similar to idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Elevated body burdens of Mn from exposure to parental nutrition, vapors in mines and smelters and welding fumes have been associated with neurological health concerns. The underlying mechanism of Mn neurotoxicity remains unclear. Accordingly, the present study was designed to investigate the toxic effects of Mn(2+) in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Mn(2+) caused a concentration dependent decrease in SH-SY5Y cellular viability compared to controls. The LD50 value was 12.98 μM Mn(2+) (p<0.001 for control vs. 24h Mn treatment). Both TUNEL and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assays confirmed the induction of apoptosis in the cells following exposure to Mn(2+) (2 μM, 62 μM or 125 μM). In addition, Mn(2+) induced both the formation and accumulation of DNA single strand breaks (via alkaline comet assay analysis) and oxidatively modified thymine bases (via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis). Pre-incubation of the cells with characteristic antioxidants, either 1mM N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or 1mM glutathione (GSH) reduced the level of DNA strand breaks and the formation of thymine base lesions, suggesting protection against oxidative cellular damage. Our findings indicate that (1) exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to Mn promotes both the formation and accumulation of oxidative DNA damage, (2) SH-SY5Y cells with accumulated DNA damage are more likely to die via an apoptotic pathway and (3) the accumulated levels of DNA damage can be abrogated by the addition of exogenous chemical antioxidants. This is the first known report of Mn(2+)-induction and antioxidant protection of thymine lesions in this SH-SY5Y cell line and contributes new information to the potential use of antioxidants as a therapeutic strategy for protection against Mn(2+)-induced oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne P Stephenson
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA.
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Lin YP, Chen TY, Tseng HW, Lee MH, Chen ST. Chemical and biological evaluation of nephrocizin in protecting nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cells by 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 84:102-115. [PMID: 22954731 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) has been widely used to generate an experimental model of Parkinson's disease. This model is crucial in the search for compounds that diminish 6-OHDA-induced nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cell death. Nephrocizin (luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside), a flavone glycoside, was isolated from widely distributed plants. The protective effects of pre-treatment with nephrocizin on the induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells by 6-OHDA and its oxidative products, H₂O₂-, and p-quinone, were evaluated herein. Nephrocizin promoted cell viability, scavenged ROS-related products, increased cellular glutathione (GSH) levels, and reduced caspase-3 and -8 activities in 6-OHDA-, H₂O₂-, or p-quinone-treated PC12 cells. Furthermore, nephrocizin-conjugated metabolites in PC12 cells were identified with the boronate-affinity method and LC-MS technology, and preferential regioselectivity at the C2' and C5' positions by the nephrocizin-GSH (or NAC) adduct method was observed. These lines of evidence established that nephrocizin could form a dimer to diminish the intracellular ROS. These results demonstrate the first neuroprotective mechanism of nephrocizin against 6-OHDA-, H₂O₂- or p-quinone-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells via chemical and biological studies. These dietary antioxidants are potential candidates for use in intervention in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC
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Differential toxicity of Mn2+ and Mn3+ to rat liver tissues: Oxidative damage, membrane fluidity and histopathological changes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Revised: 06/27/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Hwang SL, Shih PH, Yen GC. Neuroprotective effects of citrus flavonoids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:877-85. [PMID: 22224368 DOI: 10.1021/jf204452y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent attention has been given to the influence of dietary factors on health and mental well-being. Oxidative stress is associated with many diseases including neurodegenerative disorders. Dietary flavonoids exert cardioprotective, chemopreventive, and neuroprotective effects. The biological activities of flavonoids have been attributed to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and signaling properties. A clear understanding of the mechanisms of action, as either antioxidants or signaling molecules, is crucial for the application of flavonoids as interventions in neurodegeneration and as brain foods. Citrus flavonoids exert little adverse effect and have low or no cytotoxicity to healthy, normal cells. The main citrus flavonoids can also traverse the blood-brain barrier; hence, they are promising candidates for intervention in neurodegeneration and as constituents in brain foods. In this review, we discuss the bioactivity, multiple neuroprotection mechanisms, and antioxidant and signaling properties of citrus flavonoids. Receptor-mediated neuroprotective actions and parallel signaling pathways are also explored. Finally, the induction of cellular defense proteins against oxidative stress and neurotoxicity by hesperetin, a main and widespread citrus flavonoid, are also discussed. It is suggested that citrus fruits, which are rich in abundant sources of hesperetin and other flavonoids, are promising for the development of general food-based neuroprotection and brain foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam-Long Hwang
- Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Tan J, Zhang T, Jiang L, Chi J, Hu D, Pan Q, Wang D, Zhang Z. Regulation of intracellular manganese homeostasis by Kufor-Rakeb syndrome-associated ATP13A2 protein. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:29654-62. [PMID: 21724849 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.233874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the ATP13A2 gene are associated with Kufor-Rakeb syndrome (KRS) and are found also in patients with various other types of parkinsonism. ATP13A2 encodes a predicted lysosomal P5-type ATPase that plays important roles in regulating cation homeostasis. Disturbance of cation homeostasis in brains is indicated in Parkinson disease pathogenesis. In this study, we explored the biological function of ATP13A2 as well as the pathogenic mechanism of KRS pathogenic ATP13A2 mutants. The results revealed that wild-type ATP13A2, but not the KRS pathogenic ATP13A2 mutants, protected cells from Mn(2+)-induced cell death in mammalian cell lines and primary rat neuronal cultures. In addition, wild-type ATP13A2 reduced intracellular manganese concentrations and prevented cytochrome c release from mitochondria compared with the pathogenic mutants. Furthermore, endogenous ATP13A2 was up-regulated upon Mn(2+) treatment. Our results suggest that ATP13A2 plays important roles in protecting cells against manganese cytotoxicity via regulating intracellular manganese homeostasis. The study provides a potential mechanism of KRS and parkinsonism pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Hwang SL, Yen GC. Effect of hesperetin against oxidative stress via ER- and TrkA-mediated actions in PC12 cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:5779-5785. [PMID: 21486081 DOI: 10.1021/jf104632a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Hesperetin is known to activate estrogen receptors (ERs). Estrogen-mediated neuroprotection could be via both ER and tyrosine kinase receptor (Trk) signaling. This study tested whether hesperetin protected PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative damage via ER- and/or TrkA-mediated actions. Hesperetin (0.1, 1, and 50 μM) inhibited cell viability decreases and reactive oxygen species, intracellular calcium level, and caspase-3 activity increases in H(2)O(2)-induced PC12 cells. Such actions were significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed by ICI 182,780 (an ER antagonist) or K252a (a TrkA antagonist) at low concentrations (0.1 or 1 μM) only. Hesperetin also stimulated the activation of Akt, ERK, and CREB as well as induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor, PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and seladin-1 (selective Alzheimer's disease indicator-1) via both ER and TrkA in the cells. This study demonstrates that the neuroprotective effects of hesperetin, at low concentrations, are attributed to its stimulation on receptor signaling. Moreover, ER and TrkA are known to be expressed in most Alzheimer's disease (AD) vulnerable brain regions. This study thus suggests that hesperetin might have potential for intervention in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam-Long Hwang
- Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Rivera-Mancía S, Ríos C, Montes S. Manganese accumulation in the CNS and associated pathologies. Biometals 2011; 24:811-25. [PMID: 21533671 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-011-9454-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal for life. It is a key constituent of clue enzymes in the central nervous system, contributing to antioxidant defenses, energetic metabolism, ammonia detoxification, among other important functions. Until now, Mn transport mechanisms are partially understood; however, it is known that it shares some mechanisms of transport with iron. CNS is susceptible to Mn toxicity because it possesses mechanisms that allow Mn entry and favor its accumulation. Cases of occupational Mn exposure have been extensively reported in the literature; however, there are other ways of exposure, such as long-term parental nutrition and liver failure. Manganism and hepatic encephalopathy are the most common pathologies associated with the effects of Mn exposure. Both pathologies are associated with motor and psychiatric disturbances, related in turn to mechanisms of damage such as oxidative stress and neurotransmitters alterations, the dopaminergic system being one of the most affected. Although manganism and Parkinson's disease share some characteristics, they differ in many aspects that are discussed here. The mechanisms for Mn transport and its participation in manganism and hepatic encephalopathy are also considered in this review. It is necessary to find an effective therapeutic strategy to decrease Mn levels in exposed individuals and to treat Mn long term effects. In the case of patients with chronic liver failure it would be worthwhile to test a low-Mn diet in order to ameliorate symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy possibly related to Mn accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rivera-Mancía
- Neurochemistry Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery 'Manuel Velasco Suárez', Insurgentes Sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
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Ando M, Ueda K, Okamoto Y, Kojima N. Combined Effects of Manganese, Iron, Copper, and Dopamine on Oxidative DNA Damage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.57.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koji Ueda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
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Vinayagamoorthy N, Krishnamurthi K, Devi SS, Naoghare PK, Biswas R, Biswas AR, Pramanik S, Shende AR, Chakrabarti T. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6∗2 C→T 2850, GSTM1, NQO1 genes and their correlation with biomarkers in manganese miners of Central India. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 81:1286-1291. [PMID: 20851451 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) intoxication is most often regarded as an occupational manifestation and occurs in places such as manganese mines, dry cell battery plants and ceramic industries. In the present study, the influence of genetic polymorphism in cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6∗2), glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) genes on blood manganese and plasma prolactin concentrations in manganese miners was investigated. Genotyping of CYP2D6∗2 C→T 2850 and NQO1 C→T 609 was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) whereas the genotyping of GSTM1 was carried out by multiplex PCR using beta globin as an internal control. Manganese miners with CYP2D6∗2 C→T 2850 variant genotype had relatively low Mn concentration [GM: 21.4±8.9 μg L(-1)] than the subjects with wild (GM: 36.3±8.5 μg L(-1)) and heterozygous (GM: 34.4±6.9 μg L(-1)) genotypes. Miners with CYP2D6∗2 variant genotypes showed low prolactin levels (GM: 13.13±1.6 ng mL(-1)) compared to the wild (GM: 16.4.4±1.5 μg L(-1)) and heterozygous (GM: 18.7±1.6 ng mL(-1)) genotypes. Gene-gene interaction studies also revealed that the subjects with CYP2D6∗2 C→T 2850 variant genotypes had low levels of Mn and prolactin. Our new findings suggest that CYP2D6∗2 C→T 2850 variant genotypes can regulate plasma prolactin levels in manganese miners of Central India and could be involved in the fast metabolism of blood manganese, compared to wild and heterozygous genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadimuthu Vinayagamoorthy
- Environmental Health Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, India
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Different Mechanisms Between Copper and Iron in Catecholamines-Mediated Oxidative DNA Damage and Disruption of Gene Expression In Vitro. Neurotox Res 2010; 20:84-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-010-9226-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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George JL, Mok S, Moses D, Wilkins S, Bush AI, Cherny RA, Finkelstein DI. Targeting the progression of Parkinson's disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2010; 7:9-36. [PMID: 19721815 PMCID: PMC2724666 DOI: 10.2174/157015909787602814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2008] [Revised: 08/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
By the time a patient first presents with symptoms of Parkinson's disease at the clinic, a significant proportion (50-70%) of the cells in the substantia nigra (SN) has already been destroyed. This degeneration progresses until, within a few years, most of the cells have died. Except for rare cases of familial PD, the initial trigger for cell loss is unknown. However, we do have some clues as to why the damage, once initiated, progresses unabated. It would represent a major advance in therapy to arrest cell loss at the stage when the patient first presents at the clinic. Current therapies for Parkinson's disease focus on relieving the motor symptoms of the disease, these unfortunately lose their effectiveness as the neurodegeneration and symptoms progress. Many experimental approaches are currently being investigated attempting to alter the progression of the disease. These range from replacement of the lost neurons to neuroprotective therapies; each of these will be briefly discussed in this review. The main thrust of this review is to explore the interactions between dopamine, alpha synuclein and redox-active metals. There is abundant evidence suggesting that destruction of SN cells occurs as a result of a self-propagating series of reactions involving dopamine, alpha synuclein and redox-active metals. A potent reducing agent, the neurotransmitter dopamine has a central role in this scheme, acting through redox metallo-chemistry to catalyze the formation of toxic oligomers of alpha-synuclein and neurotoxic metabolites including 6-hydroxydopamine. It has been hypothesized that these feed the cycle of neurodegeneration by generating further oxidative stress. The goal of dissecting and understanding the observed pathological changes is to identify therapeutic targets to mitigate the progression of this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L George
- The Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria , 155 Oak Street, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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29
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Oxidative damage to RNA: mechanisms, consequences, and diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:1817-29. [PMID: 20148281 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0277-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Overproduction of free radicals can damage cellular components resulting in progressive physiological dysfunction, which has been implicated in many human diseases. Oxidative damage to RNA received little attention until the past decade. Recent studies indicate that RNA, such as messenger RNA and ribosomal RNA, is very vulnerable to oxidative damage. RNA oxidation is not a consequence of dying cells but an early event involved in pathogenesis. Oxidative modification to RNA results in disturbance of the translational process and impairment of protein synthesis, which can cause cell deterioration or even cell death. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of oxidative damage to RNA and the possible biological consequences of damaged RNA. Furthermore, we review recent evidence suggesting that oxidative damage to RNA may contribute to progression of many human diseases.
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30
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Kovacic P, Somanathan R. Unifying mechanism for metals in toxicity, carcinogenicity and therapeutic action: integrated approach involving electron transfer, oxidative stress, antioxidants, cell signaling and receptors. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2010; 30:51-60. [DOI: 10.3109/10799890903582578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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31
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Solís-Vivanco R, Rodríguez-Agudelo Y, Riojas-Rodríguez H, Ríos C, Rosas I, Montes S. Cognitive impairment in an adult Mexican population non-occupationally exposed to manganese. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 28:172-178. [PMID: 21784000 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We examined the association between non-occupational exposure to Mn and cognitive functions. The study was carried out in a mining district located in Hidalgo State, Mexico, with 288 adults. Air and blood Mn concentrations were determined, and neuropsychological tests were administered to explore cognitive functions and depression. Blood Mn mean was 9.5 ± 4.14 μg/L. A total of 73% of the study group were in contact with air Mn levels that surpassed the EPA recommended guideline level for non-occupational environments (0.05 μg/m(3)). Air Mn concentration was associated as a risk factor for attention impairment (OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.01-3.06). Blood Mn levels were not associated to any of the measured outcomes. The main finding of this study is the presence of attention impairments associated to high levels of air Mn exposure. These results confirm previous studies, in which cognitive impairment is reported for exposed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Solís-Vivanco
- Departamento de Neuropsicología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico
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Kobayashi H, Oikawa S, Umemura S, Hirosawa I, Kawanishi S. Mechanism of metal-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis induced by 6-hydroxydopamine in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Free Radic Res 2009; 42:651-60. [DOI: 10.1080/10715760802270334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Benedetto A, Au C, Aschner M. Manganese-Induced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration: Insights into Mechanisms and Genetics Shared with Parkinson’s Disease. Chem Rev 2009; 109:4862-84. [DOI: 10.1021/cr800536y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Benedetto
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, and the Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0414
| | - Catherine Au
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, and the Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0414
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, and the Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0414
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Hwang SL, Yen GC. Modulation of Akt, JNK, and p38 activation is involved in citrus flavonoid-mediated cytoprotection of PC12 cells challenged by hydrogen peroxide. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:2576-2582. [PMID: 19222219 DOI: 10.1021/jf8033607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The physiological benefits of dietary flavonoids have been attributed to their antioxidant and signaling properties. Our previous study revealed that hesperetin exhibits neuroprotection in PC12 cells by diverse mechanisms. Biological activities of flavonoids might be determined by their chemical structures. Here, we further studied the effects of hesperetin and its structural counterparts, isorhamnetin and isosakuranetin, on kinases related to survival signaling as well as other cytoprotective actions. Pretreatment with flavonoids (0.8 or 50 microM) increased cell viability and catalase activity (CA) and decreased membrane damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, intracellular calcium level ([Ca2+]i), and caspase-3 activity in H2O2-treated PC12 cells. Increased CA, [Ca2+]i, and ROS levels, but lower caspase-3 activities, were obtained upon treatment with 50 microM isorhamnetin or isosakuranetin. Based on their structural differences and the concentrations used, these flavonoids differentially activated pro-survival signaling molecules, including Akt/protein kinase B, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and inhibited the activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase, which triggers apoptosis. Our results demonstrate that signaling actions of thses flavonoids are involved in their neuroprotection against oxidative stress and that they act more as signaling molecules than antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam-Long Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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35
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Ando M, Ueda K, Makino R, Nishino Y, Nishida H, Toda C, Okamoto Y, Kojima N. Involvement of DNA Conformational Change Induced by Rearrangement of Copper-coordination Geometry in Oxidative DNA Damages Caused by Copper and Dopamine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.55.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koji Ueda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
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36
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Schraml E, Quan P, Stelzer I, Fuchs R, Skalicky M, Viidik A, Schauenstein K. Norepinephrine treatment and aging lead to systemic and intracellular oxidative stress in rats. Exp Gerontol 2007; 42:1072-8. [PMID: 17851010 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2007.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Revised: 07/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/06/2007] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in cellular senescence and organismic aging. Furthermore, they have been implicated in some of the adverse effects of chronic stress due to elevated peripheral levels of catecholamines. Here, we applied three different techniques to individually compare the systemic and intracellular oxidative stress in aged (23 months) and young (5 months) Sprague-Dawley rats, and in young rats treated for 12 or 24 h with norepinephrine (NE). Thiol groups of blood serum proteins (RSH) were determined by means of Ellman's reaction. Intracellular ROS were assessed in spleen cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by carbonylation of cellular (spleen) proteins as determined by immunoblotting (Oxyblot) and/or by means of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence. As compared to the young, untreated controls, both old rats and NE treated young rats showed similarly lowered RSH values paralleled by elevated intracellular ROS levels or enhanced Oxyblot signals. Individual RSH values were highly significantly, negatively correlated with respective Oxyblot data as well as with DCF fluorescence. The results confirm the roles of ROS in aging and adrenergic stress in the rat model, and suggest that the decrease in RSH of blood serum may be taken as a valid indicator for the enhanced oxidative stress in lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Schraml
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31A, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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37
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Chen CH, Liu TZ, Chen CH, Wong CH, Chen CH, Lu FJ, Chen SC. The efficacy of protective effects of tannic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and propyl gallate against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and DNA damages in IMR-90 cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2007; 51:962-8. [PMID: 17628875 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200600230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are intimately involved in the oxidative damage of tissues for a wide variety of pulmonary diseases. Thus, it is desirable to search for chemopreventive agents that can counteract ROS-mediated injury to the pulmonary tissues. Using a human lung fibroblast IMR-90 cells as the experimental model, we first demonstrated that nearly 90% of intracellular ROS could be removed when H(2)O(2)-treated cells (200 microM) simultaneously incubated with 10 microg/mL of tannic acid (TA), gallic acid (GA), ellagic acid (EA), and propyl gallate (PA). Using C(11)-BODIPY(581/591 )as a lipid peroxidation probe, we also attested that all these compounds examined (10 microg/mL) could alleviate H(2)O(2)-evoked lipid peroxidation phenomena. Next, we examined the protective effects of these compounds on the depletion of intracellular glutathione (iGSH) in H(2)O(2)-treated cells using CMF-DA probe. Interestingly, PA was demonstrated to be the only compound that could effectively protect the integrity of iGSH from being depleted by this system. Finally, the protective effects of these compounds against oxidative DNA damage were evaluated using 8-oxoguanine formation as a marker. Our data indicated that all four compounds suppressed the formation of 8-oxoguanine effectively. Taken together, our data suggested that TA, GA, EA, and PA can protect cells from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsein Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biopharmaceutics, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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38
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Soldin OP, Aschner M. Effects of manganese on thyroid hormone homeostasis: potential links. Neurotoxicology 2007; 28:951-6. [PMID: 17576015 PMCID: PMC2067987 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2007.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Revised: 04/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace nutrient that is potentially toxic at high levels of exposure. As a constituent of numerous enzymes and a cofactor, manganese plays an important role in a number of physiologic processes in mammals. The manganese-containing enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), is the principal antioxidant enzyme which neutralizes the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species. Other manganese-containing enzymes include oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, ligases and glutamine synthetase. Environmental or occupational exposure to high levels of manganese can cause a neuropathy resembling idiopathic Parkinson's disease, commonly referred to as manganism. Manganism and Parkinson's disease are both characterized by motor deficits and damage to nuclei of the basal ganglia, particularly the substantia nigra, with altered dopamine (and its metabolites) contributing to these disorders. Dopamine, a major neurotransmitter plays a crucial role in the modulation of the cognitive function, working memory and/or attention of the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. Dopamine is also a known inhibitory modulator of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion. The involvement of dopamine and dopaminergic receptors in neurodevelopment, as well as TSH modulation, led us to hypothesize that excessive manganese exposure may lead to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes due to the disruption of thyroid homeostasis via the loss of dopaminergic control of TSH regulation of thyroid hormones. This disruption may alter thyroid hormone levels, resulting in some of the deficits associated with gestational exposure to manganese. While the effects of manganese in adult populations are relatively well documented, comprehensive data on its neurodevelopmental effects are sparse. Given the importance of this topic, we review the potential participation of thyroid hormone dyshomeostasis in the neurodevelopmental effects of manganese positing the hypotheses that manganese may directly or indirectly affect thyroid function by injuring the thyroid gland or dysregulating dopaminergic modulation of thyroid hormone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- O P Soldin
- Department of Oncology and Medicine, The Center for Study of Sex Differences, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
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