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Tsunematsu T, Arakaki R, Sato M, Saito M, Otsuka K, Furukawa Y, Taquahashi Y, Kanno J, Ishimaru N. Exposure to Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Promotes Fibrous Proliferation by Production of Matrix Metalloproteinase-12 via NF-κB Activation in Chronic Peritonitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1559-1572. [PMID: 35963465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The toxicologic effects of nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), on the immune system are understood well. However, the precise relationship between long-term exposure to CNTs and chronic inflammation remains unclear. In this study, a mouse model of chronic peritonitis was established using i.p. injection of multiwalled CNTs treated by the Taquann method with high dispersion efficiency. Chronic peritonitis with fibrosis was observed in Taquann-treated multiwalled CNT (T-CNT)-injected mice, but not in Taquann-treated titanium dioxide-injected mice. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) of macrophages was up-regulated by T-CNT to enhance fibroblast activation and profibrotic molecule expression in fibroblasts. In addition, T-CNT-induced peritonitis reduced MMP-12 expression in Nfκb1-/- mice, suggesting that MMP-12-producing macrophages play a key role in chronic inflammation due to T-CNT exposure through NF-κB activation. The results of this study could be helpful in understanding the molecular toxicity of nanomaterial and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Tsunematsu
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Rieko Arakaki
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mami Sato
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masako Saito
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Otsuka
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Furukawa
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Biological Safety Research Center, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yuhji Taquahashi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Biological Safety Research Center, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Jun Kanno
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Biological Safety Research Center, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan.
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Al Rugaie O, Jabir MS, Mohammed MKA, Abbas RH, Ahmed DS, Sulaiman GM, Mohammed SAA, Khan RA, Al-Regaiey KA, Alsharidah M, Mohany KM, Mohammed HA. Modification of SWCNTs with hybrid materials ZnO-Ag and ZnO-Au for enhancing bactericidal activity of phagocytic cells against Escherichia coli through NOX2 pathway. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17203. [PMID: 36229515 PMCID: PMC9562326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide-silver (ZnO-Ag), and zinc oxide-gold (ZnO-Au) nano-composites were prepared through wet chemical process and laced into single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to yield ZnO-Ag-SWCNTs, and ZnO-Au-SWCNTs hybrids. These nano-composite-laced SWCNTs hybrids were characterized using Raman spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The hybrids were evaluated for their effects on phagocytic cells and bactericidal activity against the gram-negative bacteria E. coli. Their phagocytic cell activities and intracellular killing actions were found to be significantly increased, as the ZnO-Ag-SWCNTs and ZnO-Au-SWCNTs nano-hybrids induced widespread clearance of Escherichia coli. An increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) also led to upregulated phagocytosis, which was determined mechanistically to involve the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) pathway. The findings emphasized the roles of ZnO-Ag- and ZnO-Au-decorated SWCNTs in the prevention of bacterial infection by inhibiting biofilm formation, showing the potential to be utilized as catheter coatings in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamah Al Rugaie
- grid.412602.30000 0000 9421 8094Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. Box 991, Unaizah, 51911 Qassim Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid S. Jabir
- grid.444967.c0000 0004 0618 8761Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mustafa K. A. Mohammed
- Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hillah, Babylon Iraq
| | - Ruaa H. Abbas
- Collage of Dentistry, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Duha S. Ahmed
- grid.444967.c0000 0004 0618 8761Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ghassan M. Sulaiman
- grid.444967.c0000 0004 0618 8761Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Salman A. A. Mohammed
- grid.412602.30000 0000 9421 8094Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452 Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz A. Khan
- grid.412602.30000 0000 9421 8094Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452 Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A. Al-Regaiey
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Alsharidah
- grid.412602.30000 0000 9421 8094Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452 Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M. Mohany
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515 Egypt
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- grid.412602.30000 0000 9421 8094Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452 Saudi Arabia ,grid.411303.40000 0001 2155 6022Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11371 Egypt
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Mannose Receptor-Mediated Carbon Nanotubes as an Antigen Delivery System to Enhance Immune Response Both In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084239. [PMID: 35457058 PMCID: PMC9030879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are carbon allotropes consisting of one, two, or more concentric rolled graphene layers. These can intrinsically regulate immunity by activating the innate immune system. Mannose receptors (MR), a subgroup of the C-type lectin superfamily, are abundantly expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells. These play a crucial role in identifying pathogens, presenting antigens, and maintaining internal environmental stability. Utilizing the specific recognition between mannose and antigen-presenting cells (APC) surface mannose receptors, the antigen-carrying capacity of mannose-modified CNTs can be improved. Accordingly, here, we synthesized the mannose-modified carbon nanotubes (M-MWCNT) and evaluated them as an antigen delivery system through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro, M-MWCNT carrying large amounts of OVA were rapidly phagocytized by macrophages and promoted macrophage proliferation to facilitate cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) secretion. In vivo, in mice, M-MWCNT induced the maturation of dendritic cells and increased the levels of antigen-specific antibodies (IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b), and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6). Taken together, M-MWCNT could induce both humoral and cellular immune responses and thereby can be utilized as an efficient antigen-targeted delivery system.
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Mustapić M, Glumac Z, Heffer M, Zjalić M, Prološčić I, Masud M, Blažetić S, Vuković A, Billah M, Khan A, Šegota S, Al Hossain MS. AC/DC magnetic device for safe medical use of potentially harmful magnetic nanocarriers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124918. [PMID: 33422751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Continuing our previous research work on a drug delivery system based on combined AC/DC magnetic fields, we have developed a prototype AC/DC magnetic syringe device for stimulation of drug release from drug carriers, with the options of injecting/removing drug carriers. The porous Fe3O4 carrier, in a dose-dependent manner, causes acute oxidative damage and reduces the viability of differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, indicating the necessity for its removal once it reaches the therapeutic concentration at the target tissue. The working mechanism of the device consists of three simple steps. First, direct injection of the drug adsorbed on the surface of a carrier via a needle inserted into the targeted area. The second step is stimulation of drug release using a combination of AC magnetic field (a coil magnetised needle with AC current) and permanent magnets (DC magnetic lens outside of the body), and the third step is removal of the drug carriers from the injected area after the completion of drug release by magnetising the tip of the needle with DC current. Removing the drug carriers allows us to avoid possible acute and long term side effects of the drug carriers in the patient's body, as well as any potential response of the body to the drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mislav Mustapić
- Department of Physics, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Zvonko Glumac
- Department of Physics, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Heffer
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Milorad Zjalić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivan Prološčić
- Department of Physics, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mostafa Masud
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Senka Blažetić
- Department of Biology, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 8A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Vuković
- Department of Biology, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 8A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Motasim Billah
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia; School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Aslam Khan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzana Šegota
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Md Shahriar Al Hossain
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia; School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia.
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5
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Wang L, Zhao J, Cui L, Li YF, Li B, Chen C. Comparative nanometallomics as a new tool for nanosafety evaluation. Metallomics 2021; 13:6189688. [PMID: 33770173 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanosafety evaluation is paramount since it is necessary not only for human health protection and environmental integrity but also as a cornerstone for industrial and regulatory bodies. The current nanometallomics did not cover non-metallic nanomaterials, which is an important part of nanomaterials. In this critical review, the concept of nanometallomics was expanded to incorporate all nanomaterials. The impacts on metal(loid) and metallo-biomolecular homeostasis by nanomaterials will be focused upon in nanometallomics study. Besides, the impacts on elemental and biomolecular homeostasis by metallo-nanomaterials are also considered as the research subjects of nanometallomics. Based on the new concept of nanometallomics, comparative nanometallomics was proposed as a new tool for nanosafety evaluation, which is high throughput and will be precise considering the nature of machine learning techniques. The perspectives of nanometallomics like metallo-wide association study and non-target nanometallomics were put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment; Beijing Metallomics Facility; National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiating Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment; Beijing Metallomics Facility; National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liwei Cui
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Feng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment; Beijing Metallomics Facility; National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bai Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment; Beijing Metallomics Facility; National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
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6
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Bao C, Liu B, Li B, Chai J, Zhang L, Jiao L, Li D, Yu Z, Ren F, Shi X, Li Y. Enhanced Transport of Shape and Rigidity-Tuned α-Lactalbumin Nanotubes across Intestinal Mucus and Cellular Barriers. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1352-1361. [PMID: 31904988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mucus is a viscoelastic biological hydrogel that protects the epithelial surface from penetration by most nanoparticles, which limits the efficiency of oral drug delivery. Pursuing highly efficient, biocompatible, and biodegradable oral drug vehicles is of central importance to the development of promising nanomedicine. Here, we prepared five peptosomes (PSs) with various sizes, shapes, and rigidities based on self-assembly of amphiphilic α-lactalbumin (α-lac) peptides from partial enzymolysis and cross-linking. The mucus permeation of α-lac PSs and release of curcumin (Cur) encapsulated in these PSs were evaluated. Compared with a long nanotube, big nanosphere, small nanosphere, and cross-linked short nanotube, we demonstrated that a short nanotube (SNT) exhibits excellent permeability in mucus, which enables it to arrive at epithelial cells quickly. Besides, SNT exhibits the highest cellular uptake and transmembrane permeability on Caco-2/HT29-MTX (E12) 3D coculture model. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation revealed that SNT formulation shows the highest curcumin bioavailability, which is 6.85-folds higher than free Cur. Most importantly, Cur loaded in SNT exhibits the optimum therapeutic efficacy for in vivo treatment of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis. In the end, the mechanism of the high permeability of SNTs through mucus was explained by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, which indicated that short time scale jiggling and flying across pores of mucus network played key roles. These findings revealed the tubular α-lac PSs could be a promising oral drug delivery system targeted to mucosal for improving absorption and bioavailability of hydrophobic bioactive ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Bao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
- School of Life Science , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Bin Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190 Beijing , China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Sun Yat-sen University , Zhuhai 519082 , China
| | - Jingjing Chai
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Lulu Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences , China Agricultural University , Beijing , 100193 , China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Xinghua Shi
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190 Beijing , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
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7
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Yan L, Zhao F, Wang J, Zu Y, Gu Z, Zhao Y. A Safe-by-Design Strategy towards Safer Nanomaterials in Nanomedicines. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805391. [PMID: 30701603 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The marriage of nanotechnology and medicine offers new opportunities to fight against human diseases. Benefiting from their unique optical, thermal, magnetic, or redox properties, a wide range of nanomaterials have shown potential in applications such as diagnosis, drug delivery, or tissue repair and regeneration. Despite the considerable success achieved over the past decades, the newly emerging nanomedicines still suffer from an incomplete understanding of their safety risks, and of the relationships between their physicochemical characteristics and safety profiles. Herein, the most important categories of nanomaterials with clinical potential and their toxicological mechanisms are summarized, and then, based on this available information, an overview of the principles in developing safe-by-design nanomaterials for medical applications and of the recent progress in this field is provided. These principles may serve as a starting point to guide the development of more effective safe-by-design strategies and to help identify the major knowledge and skill gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yan Zu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
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8
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Lee C, Lim K, Kim SS, Thien LX, Lee ES, Oh KT, Choi HG, Youn YS. Near infrared light-responsive heat-emitting hemoglobin hydrogels for photothermal cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 176:156-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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9
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The Effects of Carbon Dots on Immune System Biomarkers, Using the Murine Macrophage Cell Line RAW 264.7 and Human Whole Blood Cell Cultures. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8060388. [PMID: 29857529 PMCID: PMC6027327 DOI: 10.3390/nano8060388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are engineered nanoparticles that are used in a number of bioapplications such as bioimaging, drug delivery and theranostics. The effects of CDs on the immune system have not been evaluated. The effects of CDs on the immune system were assessed by using RAW 264.7 cells and whole blood cell cultures. RAW cells were exposed to CD concentrations under basal conditions. Whole blood cell cultures were exposed to CD concentrations under basal conditions or in the presence of the mitogens, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phytohaemmagglutinin (PHA). After exposure, a number of parameters were assessed, such as cell viability, biomarkers of inflammation, cytokine biomarkers of the acquired immune system and a proteome profile analysis. CDs were cytotoxic to RAW and whole blood cell cultures at 62.5, 250 and 500 μg/mL, respectively. Biomarkers associated with inflammation were induced by CD concentrations ≥250 and 500 μg/mL under basal conditions for both RAW and whole blood cell cultures, respectively. The humoral immune cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 was increased at 500 μg/mL CD under both basal and PHA activated whole blood cell culture conditions. Proteome analysis supported the inflammatory data as upregulated proteins identified are associated with inflammation. The upregulated proteins provide potential biomarkers of risk that can be assessed upon CD exposure.
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10
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Li Y, Cao J. The impact of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on macrophages: contribution of MWCNT characteristics. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 61:1333-1351. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Xie H, Shao J, Ma Y, Wang J, Huang H, Yang N, Wang H, Ruan C, Luo Y, Wang QQ, Chu PK, Yu XF. Biodegradable near-infrared-photoresponsive shape memory implants based on black phosphorus nanofillers. Biomaterials 2018; 164:11-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Engin AB, Hayes AW. The impact of immunotoxicity in evaluation of the nanomaterials safety. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2397847318755579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicinal products (NMPs), due to their unique properties, are extensively investigated for their biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Apart from being carriers of certain drugs, nanoparticles can also interact with both the innate and adaptive immune systems, thus eliciting immune responses. Following administration, their discrete physicochemical properties make each NMP act differently in the organism. Actually, the toxic effects of NMPs, in terms of specific end points, do not necessarily depend on the specific group or structural type of the particle. Furthermore, the nanoformulation may change the pharmacokinetic/toxicokinetic profile of the drug. Unveiling the structure–activity relationship of NMPs would help to clarify their immunomodulatory effects. Therefore, in addition to the current regulatory immunotoxicity testing strategies, development and regulatory approval of nano-sized pharmaceuticals still need to be discussed in order to identify potential gaps in the safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Basak Engin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Institute for IntegrativeToxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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13
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Harlow CR, Wu X, van Deemter M, Gardiner F, Poland C, Green R, Sarvi S, Brown P, Kadler KE, Lu Y, Mason JI, Critchley HOD, Hillier SG. Targeting lysyl oxidase reduces peritoneal fibrosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183013. [PMID: 28800626 PMCID: PMC5553776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal surgery and disease cause persistent abdominal adhesions, pelvic pain, infertility and occasionally, bowel obstruction. Current treatments are ineffective and the aetiology is unclear, although excessive collagen deposition is a consistent feature. Lysyl oxidase (Lox) is a key enzyme required for crosslinking and deposition of insoluble collagen, so we investigated whether targeting Lox might be an approach to reduce abdominal adhesions. Methods Female C57Bl/6 mice were treated intraperitoneally with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (NT) to induce fibrosis, together with chemical (ß-aminoproprionitrile–BAPN) or miRNA Lox inhibitors, progesterone or dexamethasone. Fibrotic lesions on the diaphragm, and expression of fibrosis-related genes in abdominal wall peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMC) were measured. Effects of BAPN and dexamethasone on collagen fibre alignment were observed by TEM. Isolated PMC were cultured with interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) and progesterone to determine effects on Lox mRNA in vitro. Results NT-induced fibrosis and collagen deposition on the diaphragm was ameliorated by BAPN, Lox miRNA, or steroids. BAPN and dexamethasone disrupted collagen fibres. NT increased PMC Lox, Col1a1, Col3a1 and Bmp1 mRNA, which was inhibited by steroids. Progesterone significantly inhibited IL-1α induced Lox expression by PMC in vitro. Conclusion Our results provide proof-of-concept that targeting peritoneal Lox could be an effective approach in ameliorating fibrosis and adhesion development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Harlow
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Xuan Wu
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marielle van Deemter
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Gardiner
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Poland
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Green
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sana Sarvi
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Brown
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Karl E. Kadler
- University of Manchester, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yinhui Lu
- University of Manchester, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - J. Ian Mason
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary O. D. Critchley
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen G. Hillier
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Ma J, Li R, Liu Y, Qu G, Liu J, Guo W, Song H, Li X, Liu Y, Xia T, Yan B, Liu S. Carbon Nanotubes Disrupt Iron Homeostasis and Induce Anemia of Inflammation through Inflammatory Pathway as a Secondary Effect Distant to Their Portal-of-Entry. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603830. [PMID: 28195425 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous toxicological studies have been performed on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a few studies have investigated their secondary and indirect effects beyond the primary target tissues/organs. Here, a cascade of events are investigated: the initiating event and the subsequent key events necessary for the development of phenotypes, namely CNT-induced pro-inflammatory effects on iron homeostasis and red blood cell formation, which are linked to anemia of inflammation (AI). A panel of CNTs are prepared including pristine multiwall CNTs (P-MWCNTs), aminated MWCNTs (MWCNTs-NH2 ), polyethylene glycol MWCNTs (MWCNTs-PEG), polyethyleneimine MWCNTs (MWCNTs-PEI), and carboxylated MWCNTs (MWCNTs-COOH). It has been demonstrated that all CNT materials provoke inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) production and stimulate hepcidin induction, associated with disordered iron homeostasis, irrespective of exposure routes including intratracheal, intravenous, and intraperitoneal administration. Meanwhile, PEG and COOH modifications can ameliorate the activation of IL-6-hepcidin signaling. Long-term exposure of MWCNTs results in AI and extramedullary erythropoiesis. Thus, an adverse outcome pathway is identified: MWCNT exposure leads to inflammation, hepatic hepcidin induction, and disordered iron metabolism. Together, the combined data depict the hazardous secondary toxicity of CNTs in incurring anemia through inflammatory pathway. This study will also open a new avenue for future investigations on CNT-induced indirect and secondary adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Ruibin Li
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wenli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Haoyang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xinghong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Bing Yan
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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15
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Öner D, Moisse M, Ghosh M, Duca RC, Poels K, Luyts K, Putzeys E, Cokic SM, Van Landuyt K, Vanoirbeek J, Lambrechts D, Godderis L, Hoet PHM. Epigenetic effects of carbon nanotubes in human monocytic cells. Mutagenesis 2016; 32:181-191. [PMID: 28011750 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are fibrous carbon-based nanomaterials with a potential to cause carcinogenesis in humans. Alterations in DNA methylation on cytosine-phosphate-guanidine (CpG) sites are potential markers of exposure-induced carcinogenesis. This study examined cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and DNA methylation alterations on human monocytic cells (THP-1) after incubation with single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) and multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs). Higher cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were observed after incubation with SWCNTs than incubation with MWCNTs. At the selected concentrations (25 and 100 µg/ml), DNA methylation alterations were studied. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to assess global DNA methylation, and Illumina 450K microarrays were used to assess methylation of single CpG sites. Next, we assessed gene promoter-specific methylation levels. We observed no global methylation or hydroxymethylation alterations, but on gene-specific level, distinct clustering of CNT-treated samples were noted. Collectively, CNTs induced gene promoter-specific altered methylation and those 1127 different genes were identified to be hypomethylated. Differentially methylated genes were involved in several signalling cascade pathways, vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet activation pathways. Moreover, possible contribution of the epigenetic alterations to monocyte differentiation and mixed M1/M2 macrophage polarisation were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Öner
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, O & N I Herestraat 49 bus 706, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, O & N IV Herestraat 49 bus 912, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Vesalius Research Center, O & N I Herestraat 49 bus 912, 3000 Leuven, Belgium and
| | - Manosij Ghosh
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, O & N I Herestraat 49 bus 706, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Radu C Duca
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Kapucijnenvoer 35 blok d bus 7001, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Poels
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Kapucijnenvoer 35 blok d bus 7001, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Luyts
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, O & N I Herestraat 49 bus 706, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eveline Putzeys
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, O & N I Herestraat 49 bus 706, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Unit of Biomaterials (BIOMAT), Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Sint-Raphael, Kapucijnenvoer 7, Block A-box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium and
| | - Stevan M Cokic
- Unit of Biomaterials (BIOMAT), Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Sint-Raphael, Kapucijnenvoer 7, Block A-box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium and
| | - Kirsten Van Landuyt
- Unit of Biomaterials (BIOMAT), Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Sint-Raphael, Kapucijnenvoer 7, Block A-box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium and
| | - Jeroen Vanoirbeek
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, O & N I Herestraat 49 bus 706, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Kapucijnenvoer 35 blok d bus 7001, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, O & N IV Herestraat 49 bus 912, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Vesalius Research Center, O & N I Herestraat 49 bus 912, 3000 Leuven, Belgium and
| | - Lode Godderis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, O & N I Herestraat 49 bus 706, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, IDEWE, Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter H M Hoet
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, O & N I Herestraat 49 bus 706, 3000 Leuven, Belgium,
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16
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Differential crosstalk between global DNA methylation and metabolomics associated with cell type specific stress response by pristine and functionalized MWCNT. Biomaterials 2016; 115:167-180. [PMID: 27914347 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study endeavored to evaluate the comprehensive mechanisms of MWCNT-induced toxicity with particular emphasis on understanding cell specificity in relation to surface functionalization of MWCNT. Following treatment with differentially functionalized (hydroxylation/carboxylation) MWCNT on human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) and human hepatoma (HepG2) cell lines, intracellular uptake, various toxicological end points, global metabolomics profiling and DNA methylation were evaluated. Herein, the comparative in vitro studies ascertained that surface functionalization diminished the toxic potentiality of MWCNT in respect of their pristine counterpart. The surface enhanced Raman scattering with dark-field microscopy attested the intracellular uptake of functionalized-MWCNT, but not the pristine one. The MWCNT's exposure caused alterations in stress responses (oxidative stress, inflammation, profibrosis, DNA damage-repair), differential mode of gene expressions, global metabolomics and DNA methylation status (DNMT3B dependent hypo-methylation in BEAS-2B cells and hyper-methylation in HepG2 cells) in a cell type specific and surface functionalization dependent manner. The alterations in particular metabolites (choline, betaine, succinate etc.) and distinct DNA methylation crosstalk patterns are the possible underlying mechanisms of differential mode of gene expressions and cell type specificity of MWCNT. This study provides preliminary evidence of epigenetic modifications and global metabolomics profiling which might be translated for risk assessment of MWCNT.
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17
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Ma J, Li R, Qu G, Liu H, Yan B, Xia T, Liu Y, Liu S. Carbon nanotubes stimulate synovial inflammation by inducing systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:18070-18086. [PMID: 27714147 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06041b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have promising applications in a wide range of biomedical fields, including imaging, drug/gene delivery and other therapeutics; however, the biosafety concerns of CNTs should be addressed. To date, many reports have documented the toxicological effects on the cells, tissue or organs that are in direct contact with the tubes; however, there is limited evidence to unravel the secondary toxicity upon CNT treatment. Moreover, more effort is needed to gain a definitive understanding of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for CNTs, and a pragmatic framework for risk assessment has not been established yet. In the current study, we aimed to decipher the secondary toxicity to joints under CNT exposure. We demonstrated that carboxylated multi-wall CNTs (MWCNTs-COOH) significantly provoked systemic pro-inflammatory responses, leading to synovial inflammation within knee joints, as evidenced by the infiltration of pro-inflammatory cells in the synovium and meniscus. Mechanistic studies showed that MWCNTs-COOH stimulated pro-inflammatory effects by activating macrophages, and the secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines primed the synoviocytes and chondrocytes, resulting in enhanced production of a large array of enzymes involved in articular cartilage degeneration, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) members and cyclooxygenase (COX) members, and increased enzymatic activity of MMPs was demonstrated. Blockade of the cytokines by antibodies significantly attenuated the production of these enzymes. Our current study thus suggests that there is a novel secondary toxicity of CNTs, namely a new AOP to understand the indirect effects of carbon nanotubes: synovial inflammation due to the alteration of the priming state of synoviocytes and chondrocytes under CNT-induced systemic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Ruibin Li
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Huiyu Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bing Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Yajun Liu
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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18
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Gholamine B, Karimi I, Salimi A, Mazdarani P, Becker LA. Neurobehavioral toxicity of carbon nanotubes in mice. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 33:340-350. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233716644381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate neurobehavioral toxicity of single-walled (SWNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in mice. Methods: Male NMRI mice were randomized into 5 groups ( n = 10 each): Normal control (NC) group was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution (pH 7.8; ca. 1 mL), MW80 and MW800 groups were injected with either i.p. 80 or 800 mg kg−1 MWNTs suspended in 1 mL of PBS and SW80 and SW800 groups were injected with either i.p. 80 or 800 mg kg−1 SWNTs suspended in 1 mL of PBS. After 2 weeks, five mice from each group were evaluated for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) messenger RNA expression and protein content of brain tissues. Locomotion, anxiety, learning and memory, and depression were measured by open field test (OFT), elevated plus-maze (EPM), object recognition test (ORT), and forced swimming test (FST), respectively. Results: Ambulation time and center arena time in the OFT did not change among groups. In the EPM paradigm, SWNTs (800 mg kg−1) and MWNTs (80 and 800 mg kg−1) showed an anxiogenic effect. In ORT, MWNTs (80 mg kg−1) increased the discrimination ratio while in FST, MWNTs showed a depressant effect as compared to vehicle. The BDNF gene expression in mice treated with 80 and 800 mg kg−1 SWNTs or 80 mg kg−1 MWNTs decreased as compared to NC mice although BDNF gene expression increased in mice that were treated with 800 mg kg−1 MWNTs. The whole brain BDNF protein content did not change among groups. Conclusion: Our study showed that i.p. exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may result in behavioral toxicity linked with expression of depression or anxiety that depends on the type of CNTs. In addition, exposure to CNTs changed BDNF gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Gholamine
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Isaac Karimi
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amir Salimi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Parisa Mazdarani
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Lora A Becker
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Evansville, Evansville, IN, USA
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19
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Vitkina TI, Yankova VI, Gvozdenko TA, Kuznetsov VL, Krasnikov DV, Nazarenko AV, Chaika VV, Smagin SV, Tsatsakis AΜ, Engin AB, Karakitsios SP, Sarigiannis DA, Golokhvast KS. The impact of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with different amount of metallic impurities on immunometabolic parameters in healthy volunteers. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 87:138-47. [PMID: 26683310 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The impact of two types of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) (12-14 nm) with different content of metallic impurities (purified and unpurified nanotubes) on peroxidation processes, the status of immune cells in healthy volunteers and gene expression combined to pathway analysis was studied in vitro. From the study it was shown that the main mechanism of action for both types of MWCNTs is induction of oxidative stress, the intensity of which is directly related to the amount of metallic impurities. Unpurified MWCNTs produced twice as high levels of oxidation than the purified CNTs inducing thus more intense mitochondrial dysfunction. All the above were also verified by gene expression analysis of 2 different human cellular cultures (lung epithelium and keratinoma cells) and the respective pathway analysis; modulation of genes activating the NFkB pathway is associated to inflammatory responses. This may cause a perturbation in the IL-6 signaling pathway in order to regulate inflammatory processes and compensate for apoptotic changes. A plausible hypothesis for the immunological effects observed in vivo, are considered as the result of the synergistic effect of systemic (mediated by cells of the routes of exposure) and local inflammation (blood cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- T I Vitkina
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - V I Yankova
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - T A Gvozdenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - V L Kuznetsov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D V Krasnikov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A V Nazarenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - V V Chaika
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - S V Smagin
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - A Μ Tsatsakis
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia; University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - A B Engin
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, 06330, Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S P Karakitsios
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D A Sarigiannis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, Thessaloniki, Greece; Chair of Environmental Health Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Pavia, Italy.
| | - K S Golokhvast
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia; Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
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20
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Khanna P, Ong C, Bay BH, Baeg GH. Nanotoxicity: An Interplay of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Cell Death. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:1163-1180. [PMID: 28347058 PMCID: PMC5304638 DOI: 10.3390/nano5031163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are emerging as a useful tool for a wide variety of biomedical, consumer and instrumental applications that include drug delivery systems, biosensors and environmental sensors. In particular, nanoparticles have been shown to offer greater specificity with enhanced bioavailability and less detrimental side effects as compared to the existing conventional therapies in nanomedicine. Hence, bionanotechnology has been receiving immense attention in recent years. However, despite the extensive use of nanoparticles today, there is still a limited understanding of nanoparticle-mediated toxicity. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that nanoparticles are closely associated with toxicity by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and/or the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. The homeostatic redox state of the host becomes disrupted upon ROS induction by nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are also known to up-regulate the transcription of various pro-inflammatory genes, including tumor necrosis factor-α and IL (interleukins)-1, IL-6 and IL-8, by activating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. These sequential molecular and cellular events are known to cause oxidative stress, followed by severe cellular genotoxicity and then programmed cell death. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying nanotoxicity are not fully understood. This lack of knowledge is a significant impediment in the use of nanoparticles in vivo. In this review, we will provide an assessment of signaling pathways that are involved in the nanoparticle- induced oxidative stress and propose possible strategies to circumvent nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Khanna
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, MD10, Singapore 117 597, Singapore.
| | - Cynthia Ong
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, MD10, Singapore 117 597, Singapore.
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, MD10, Singapore 117 597, Singapore.
| | - Gyeong Hun Baeg
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, MD10, Singapore 117 597, Singapore.
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21
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Muzi L, Ménard-Moyon C, Russier J, Li J, Chin CF, Ang WH, Pastorin G, Risuleo G, Bianco A. Diameter-dependent release of a cisplatin pro-drug from small and large functionalized carbon nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:5383-94. [PMID: 25727105 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr00220f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer therapy still suffers from severe disadvantages, such as lack of appropriate selectivity for tumor tissues and insurgence of multi-drug resistance. Moreover, drug efficacy can be attenuated by several mechanisms such as premature drug inactivation, reduced drug uptake inside cells and increased drug efflux once internalized. The use of functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems is a promising strategy to overcome such limitations due to their ability to enhance cellular internalization of poorly permeable drugs and thus increase the drug bioavailability at the diseased site, compared to the free drug. Furthermore, the possibility to encapsulate agents in the nanotubes' inner cavity can protect the drug from early inactivation and their external functionalizable surface is useful for selective targeting. In this study, a hydrophobic platinum(IV) complex was encapsulated within the inner space of two different diameter functionalized multi-walled CNTs (Pt(IV)@CNTs). The behavior of the complexes, compared to the free drug, was investigated on both HeLa human cancer cells and RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. Both CNT samples efficiently induced cell death in HeLa cancer cells 72 hours after the end of exposure to CNTs. Although the larger diameter CNTs were more cytotoxic on HeLa cells compared to both the free drug and the smaller diameter nanotubes, the latter allowed a prolonged release of the encapsulated drug, thus increasing its anticancer efficacy. In contrast, both Pt(IV)@CNT constructs were poorly cytotoxic on macrophages and induced negligible cell activation and no pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Both CNT samples were efficiently internalized by the two types of cells, as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy observations and flow cytometry analysis. Finally, the platinum levels found in the cells after Pt(IV)@CNT exposure demonstrate that they can promote drug accumulation inside cells in comparison with treatment with the free complex. To conclude, our study shows that CNTs are promising nanocarriers to improve the accumulation of a chemotherapeutic drug and its slow release inside tumor cells, by tuning the CNT diameter, without inducing a high inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Muzi
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France.
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22
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Zhang T, Tang M, Kong L, Li H, Zhang T, Xue Y, Pu Y. Surface modification of multiwall carbon nanotubes determines the pro-inflammatory outcome in macrophage. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 284:73-82. [PMID: 25463220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are widely used in industry and biomedicine. While several studies have focused on biological matters, attempts to systematically elucidate the toxicity mechanisms of CNTs are limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity of raw multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and MWCNTs functionalized with carboxylation (MWCNTs-COOH) or polyethylene glycol (MWCNTs-PEG) in murine macrophages. Our results show that only MWCNTs-COOH and raw MWCNTs alter the oxidative potential of macrophages by increasing reactive oxygen species and the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in both a concentration- and surface coating-dependent manner. The data suggest that compare with raw MWCNTs and MWCNTs-PEG, the MWCNTs-COOH produces a significant increase in ROS generation, interruption of ATP synthesis, and activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, which in turn upregulates IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS to trigger cell death. These findings suggest that contributory cellar uptake caused by physicochemical factors rather than residual metal catalysts plays a role in ROS-mediated pro-inflammatory responses in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Han Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Key Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Key Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China.
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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23
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Meng J, Li X, Wang C, Guo H, Liu J, Xu H. Carbon nanotubes activate macrophages into a M1/M2 mixed status: recruiting naïve macrophages and supporting angiogenesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:3180-3188. [PMID: 25591447 DOI: 10.1021/am507649n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The potential of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in medical applications has been attracting constant research interest as well as raising concerns related to toxicity. The immune system serves as the first line of defense against invasion. In this work, interactions of oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with macrophages were investigated to unravel the activation profile of macrophages, using cytokine array, ELISA assay, transwell assay, confocal microscopy, and reactive oxygen species examination. Results show that MWCNT initiate phagocytosis of macrophages and upregulate CD14, CD11b, TLR-4/MD2, and CD206, which does not alter the MHCII expression of the macrophages. The macrophages engulfing MWCNT (MWCNT-RAW) secrete a large amount of MIP-1α and MIP-2 to recruit naïve macrophages and produce angiogenesis-related cytokines MMP-9 and VEGF, while inducing much lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines than those activated by LPS. In conclusion, MWCNT activate macrophages into a M1/M2 mixed status, which allows the cells to recruit naïve macrophages and support angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Meng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P. R. China
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24
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Shahbazi MA, Fernández TD, Mäkilä EM, Le Guével X, Mayorga C, Kaasalainen MH, Salonen JJ, Hirvonen JT, Santos HA. Surface chemistry dependent immunostimulative potential of porous silicon nanoplatforms. Biomaterials 2014; 35:9224-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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25
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Differences in cytotoxic, genotoxic, and inflammatory response of bronchial and alveolar human lung epithelial cells to pristine and COOH-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:359506. [PMID: 25147797 PMCID: PMC4131553 DOI: 10.1155/2014/359506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized MWCNTs are used in many commercial and biomedical applications, but their potential health effects are not well defined. We investigated and compared cytotoxic, genotoxic/oxidative, and inflammatory effects of pristine and carboxyl MWCNTs exposing human respiratory (A549 and BEAS-2B) cells to 1-40 μg/mL of CNTs for 24 h. Both MWCNTs induced low viability reduction (by WST1 assay) in A549 cells and only MWCNTs-COOH caused high viability reduction in BEAS-2B cells reaching 28.5% viability at 40 μg/mL. Both CNTs induced membrane damage (by LDH assay) with higher effects in BEAS-2B cells at the highest concentrations reaching 20% cytotoxicity at 40 μg/mL. DNA damage (by Fpg-comet assay) was induced by pristine MWCNTs in A549 cells and by both MWCNTs in BEAS-2B cells reaching for MWCNTs-COOH a tail moment of 22.2 at 40 μg/mL versus 10.2 of unexposed cells. Increases of IL-6 and IL-8 release (by ELISA) were detected in A549 cells exposed to MWCNTs-COOH from 10 μg/mL while IL-8 increased in BEAS-2B cells exposed to pristine MWCNTs at 20 and 40 μg/mL. The results show higher cytogenotoxicity of MWCNTs-COOH in bronchial and of pristine MWCNTs in alveolar cells. Different inflammatory response was also found. The findings suggest the use of in vitro models with different end points and cells to study CNT toxicity.
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26
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Turabekova M, Rasulev B, Theodore M, Jackman J, Leszczynska D, Leszczynski J. Immunotoxicity of nanoparticles: a computational study suggests that CNTs and C60 fullerenes might be recognized as pathogens by Toll-like receptors. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:3488-95. [PMID: 24548972 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr05772k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, a great deal of attention has been devoted to study the inflammatory response upon exposure to multi/single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and different fullerene derivatives. In particular, carbon nanoparticles are reported to provoke substantial inflammation in alveolar and bronchial epithelial cells, epidermal keratinocytes, cultured monocyte-macrophage cells, etc. We suggest a hypothetical model providing the potential mechanistic explanation for immune and inflammatory responses observed upon exposure to carbon nanoparticles. Specifically, we performed a theoretical study to analyze CNT and C60 fullerene interactions with the available X-ray structures of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) homo- and hetero-dimer extracellular domains. This assumption was based on the fact that similar to the known TLR ligands both CNTs and fullerenes induce, in cells, the secretion of certain inflammatory protein mediators, such as interleukins and chemokines. These proteins are observed within inflammation downstream processes resulted from the ligand molecule dependent inhibition or activation of TLR-induced signal transduction. Our computational studies have shown that the internal hydrophobic pockets of some TLRs might be capable of binding small-sized carbon nanostructures (5,5 armchair SWCNTs containing 11 carbon atom layers and C60 fullerene). High binding scores and minor structural alterations induced in TLR ectodomains upon binding C60 and CNTs further supported our hypothesis. Additionally, the proposed hypothesis is strengthened by the indirect experimental findings indicating that CNTs and fullerenes induce an excessive expression of specific cytokines and chemokines (i.e. IL-8 and MCP1).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Turabekova
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Department of Chemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J. R. Lynch Street, P. O. Box 17910, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
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27
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Look M, Saltzman WM, Craft J, Fahmy TM. The nanomaterial-dependent modulation of dendritic cells and its potential influence on therapeutic immunosuppression in lupus. Biomaterials 2013; 35:1089-95. [PMID: 24183697 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Targeting dendritic cells with nanoparticles is an attractive modality for instigating immunity or inducing immunosuppression. An important aspect of successful delivery of antigen and immune modulators to these cells is the efficacy of nanoparticle internalization, which can dictate the strength and robustness of immune responses; optimizing particulate uptake is thus key. We compared the internalization of two nanoparticulate platforms: a vesicular "nanogel" platform with a lipid exterior, and the widely-used solid biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) system. We found that nanogels were more effectively internalized by dendritic cells in vitro, as demonstrated by fluorescent tracer measurements. Additionally, the magnitude of dendritic cell immunosuppression achieved by nanogels loaded with mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant, was greater than similarly drug-loaded PLGA. Although both types of particles could mitigate the production of inflammatory cytokines and the up-regulation of stimulatory surface markers, nanogels yielded greater reductions. These in vitro measurements correlated with in vivo efficacy, where immunosuppressive therapy with nanogels extended the survival of lupus-prone NZB/W F1 mice whereas PLGA particles did not. Our results highlight the importance of material on nanoparticle uptake by dendritic cells, which impacts the quality of therapeutic immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Look
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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29
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Guo X, Jagannath C, Espitia MG, Zhou X. Uptake of silica and carbon nanotubes by human macrophages/monocytes induces activation of fibroblasts in vitro -- potential implication for pathogenesis of inflammation and fibrotic diseases. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2012; 25:713-9. [PMID: 23058021 DOI: 10.1177/039463201202500317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential pathogenic effects of silica and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on fibroblasts, macrophages/monocytes, and T cells were investigated. Human macrophage/monocytes were cultured and stimulated with silica, CNTs, or titanium particles. After adding human T cells to the stimulated macrophages/monocytes, the cells were added to cultured human fibroblasts. Upon microscopic examination, CNT stimulation after 24 hours showed centralization of macrophages/monocytes around the CNTs. Silica stimulation showed a significant increase of IL-1α and IL-1β in cultured medium, and an increased gene expression of CTGF in cultured fibroblasts at 1 hour, as well as an up-regulation of the COL1A2 gene at 24-hour time point. In addition to the same changes of IL-1α, IL-1β and the COL1A2 by silica, CNT stimulation showed an increase of IL-8 in cultured medium at 1-hour time point. Titanium stimulation yielded no significant changes. The results indicate a proinflammatory and/or profibrotic effect of silica and CNTs to cultured human cells including macrophages/monocyte, T cells and fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Guo
- University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Internal Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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30
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Urankar RN, Lust RM, Mann E, Katwa P, Wang X, Podila R, Hilderbrand SC, Harrison BS, Chen P, Ke PC, Rao AM, Brown JM, Wingard CJ. Expansion of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury after instillation of three forms of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Part Fibre Toxicol 2012; 9:38. [PMID: 23072542 PMCID: PMC3518151 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-9-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The exceptional physical-chemical properties of carbon nanotubes have lead to their use in diverse commercial and biomedical applications. However, their utilization has raised concerns about human exposure that may predispose individuals to adverse health risks. The present study investigated the susceptibility to cardiac ischemic injury following a single exposure to various forms of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). It was hypothesized that oropharyngeal aspiration of MWCNTs exacerbates myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury (I/R injury). Methods Oropharyngeal aspiration was performed on male C57BL/6J mice with a single amount of MWCNT (0.01 - 100 μg) suspended in 100 μL of a surfactant saline (SS) solution. Three forms of MWCNTs were used in this study: unmodified, commercial grade (C-grade), and functionalized forms that were modified either by acid treatment (carboxylated, COOH) or nitrogenation (N-doped) and a SS vehicle. The pulmonary inflammation, serum cytokine profile and cardiac ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury were assessed at 1, 7 and 28 days post-aspiration. Results Pulmonary response to MWCNT oropharyngeal aspiration assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) revealed modest increases in protein and inflammatory cell recruitment. Lung histology showed modest tissue inflammation as compared to the SS group. Serum levels of eotaxin were significantly elevated in the carboxylated MWCNT aspirated mice 1 day post exposure. Oropharyngeal aspiration of all three forms of MWCNTs resulted in a time and/or dose-dependent exacerbation of myocardial infarction. The severity of myocardial injury varied with the form of MWCNTs used. The N-doped MWCNT produced the greatest expansion of the infarct at any time point and required a log concentration lower to establish a no effect level. The expansion of the I/R injury remained significantly elevated at 28 days following aspiration of the COOH and N-doped forms, but not the C-grade as compared to SS. Conclusion Our results suggest that oropharyngeal aspiration of MWCNT promotes increased susceptibility of cardiac tissue to ischemia/reperfusion injury without a significant pulmonary inflammatory response. The cardiac injury effects were observed at low concentrations of MWCNTs and presence of MWCNTs may pose a significant risk to the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhee N Urankar
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, Brody 6N98, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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31
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Ingle T, Dervishi E, Biris AR, Mustafa T, Buchanan RA, Biris AS. Raman spectroscopy analysis and mapping the biodistribution of inhaled carbon nanotubes in the lungs and blood of mice. J Appl Toxicol 2012; 33:1044-52. [PMID: 23047664 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Because of their small size, robust structure and unique characteristics, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly being used in a variety of biomedical applications, materials and products. As their use increases, so does the probability of their unintended release and human exposure. Therefore, it is important to establish their potential biodistribution and biopersistence to better understand the potential effects of their exposure to humans. This study examines the distribution of CNTs in CD-1 mice after exposure by inhalation of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and investigates the possibility that inhaled nanoparticles could enter the circulatory system via the lungs. Raman spectroscopy was employed for the detection of CNTs in lung tissue and blood based on their unique spectroscopic signatures. These studies have important implications concerning the potential effects of exposure to SWCNTs and their use as potential transport vehicles in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Ingle
- Molecular BioScience Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA
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