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Deng S, Chen C, Wang Y, Liu S, Zhao J, Cao B, Jiang D, Jiang Z, Zhang Y. Advances in understanding and mitigating Atrazine's environmental and health impact: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121530. [PMID: 38905799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Atrazine is a widely used herbicide in agriculture, and it has garnered significant attention because of its potential risks to the environment and human health. The extensive utilization of atrazine, alongside its persistence in water and soil, underscores the critical need to develop safe and efficient removal strategies. This comprehensive review aims to spotlight atrazine's potential impact on ecosystems and public health, particularly its enduring presence in soil, water, and plants. As a known toxic endocrine disruptor, atrazine poses environmental and health risks. The review navigates through innovative removal techniques across soil and water environments, elucidating microbial degradation, phytoremediation, and advanced methodologies such as electrokinetic-assisted phytoremediation (EKPR) and photocatalysis. The review notably emphasizes the complex process of atrazine degradation and ongoing scientific efforts to address this, recognizing its potential risks to both the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Deng
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Cairu Chen
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Shanqi Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jiaying Zhao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Bo Cao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Duo Jiang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130132, PR China.
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2
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Su X, Liu X, Li C, Zhang Y. 24-epibrassinolide as a multidimensional regulator of rice (Oryza sativa) physiological and molecular responses under isoproturon stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116575. [PMID: 38917591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) can regulate various processes in plant development and defense against environmental stress. In this study, the contribution of BRs in the degradation of isoproturon (IPU) in rice has been established. IPU has a significant effect on rice growth, chlorophyll content, and membrane permeability. When treated with 1.0 μmol/L 24-epibrassinolide (EBR), a BR analogue, the associated symptoms of rice poisoning were alleviated as the IPU levels in the rice and growth media were decreased. In the presence of EBR, the activities of several IPU-related detoxification enzymes were enhanced to cope with the stress due to IPU. An RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) has been performed to determine the variation of transcriptomes and metabolic mechanisms in rice treated with EBR, IPU, or IPU+EBR. Some of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were Phase I-III reaction components of plants, such as cytochrome P450 (CYP450), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glycosyltransferases (GTs), and the ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC transporter). The expression of some signal transduction genes was significantly up-regulated. The relative content of low-toxicity IPU metabolites increased due to the presence of EBR as determined by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS. The IPU metabolic pathways include enzyme-catalyzed demethylation, hydroxylation, hydrolysis, glycosylation, and amino acid conjugation processes. The results suggest that EBR plays a key role in the degradation and detoxification of IPU. This study has provided evidence that BRs regulate the metabolism and detoxification of IPU in rice, and offers a new approach to ensuring cleaner crops by eliminating pesticide residues in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Su
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protecftion of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xuesong Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Chuanying Li
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protecftion of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protecftion of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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3
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Gharabli H, Della Gala V, Welner DH. The function of UDP-glycosyltransferases in plants and their possible use in crop protection. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108182. [PMID: 37268151 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases catalyse the transfer of a glycosyl moiety from a donor to an acceptor. Members of this enzyme class are ubiquitous throughout all kingdoms of life and are involved in the biosynthesis of countless types of glycosides. Family 1 glycosyltransferases, also referred to as uridine diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs), glycosylate small molecules such as secondary metabolites and xenobiotics. In plants, UGTs are recognised for their multiple functionalities ranging from roles in growth regulation and development, in protection against pathogens and abiotic stresses and in adaptation to changing environments. In this study, we review UGT-mediated glycosylation of phytohormones, endogenous secondary metabolites, and xenobiotics and contextualise the role this chemical modification plays in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses and plant fitness. Here, the potential advantages and drawbacks of altering the expression patterns of specific UGTs along with the heterologous expression of UGTs across plant species to improve stress tolerance in plants are discussed. We conclude that UGT-based genetic modification of plants could potentially enhance agricultural efficiency and take part in controlling the biological activity of xenobiotics in bioremediation strategies. However, more knowledge of the intricate interplay between UGTs in plants is needed to unlock the full potential of UGTs in crop resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Gharabli
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Valeria Della Gala
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Ditte Hededam Welner
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
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4
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Ya Ma L, Lu Y, Cheng J, Wan Q, Ge J, Wang Y, Li Y, Feng F, Li M, Yu X. Functional characterization of rice (Oryza sativa) thioredoxins for detoxification and degradation of atrazine. Gene 2023:147540. [PMID: 37279861 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxins (TRXs) are a group of antioxidant enzymes that play a critical role in plant growth and resistance to stress. However, the functional role and mechanism of rice TRXs in response to pesticides (e.g. atrazine, ATZ) stress remain largely unexplored. Here, 24 differentially expressed TRX genes (14 up and 10 down) of ATZ-exposed rice were identified through high-throughput RNA-sequencing analysis. Twenty-four TRX genes were unevenly mapped to 11 chromosomes and some of the genes were validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that ATZ-responsive TRX genes contain multiple functional cis-elements and conserved domains. To demonstrate the functional role of the genes in ATZ degradation, one representative TRX gene LOC_Os07g08840 was transformed into yeast cells and observed significantly lower ATZ content compared to the control. Using LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, five metabolites were characterized. One hydroxylation (HA) and two N-dealkylation products (DIA and DEA) were significantly increased in the medium with positive transformants. Our work indicated that TRX-coding genes here were responsible for ATZ degradation, suggesting that thioredoxins could be one of the vital strategies for pesticide degradation and detoxification in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ya Ma
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingfei Lu
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, China
| | - Jinjin Cheng
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Qun Wan
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Ge
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Fayun Feng
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangyang Yu
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Zhongling Street 50, 210014, Nanjing, China.
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5
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Zhang JJ, Niu Y, Ma C, Zhao T, Wang H, Yan Z, Zhou L, Liu X, Piao F, Du N. Accumulation and metabolism of pyroxasulfone in tomato seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114765. [PMID: 36907092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pyroxasulfone (PYS) is an isoxazole herbicide favored for its high activity. However, the metabolic mechanism of PYS in tomato plants and the response mechanism of tomato to PYS are still lacking. In this study, it was found that tomato seedlings had a strong ability to absorb and translocate PYS from roots to shoots. The highest accumulation of PYS was in the apex tissue of the tomato shoots. Using UPLC-MS/MS, five metabolites of PYS were detected and identified in tomato plants, and their relative contents in different parts of tomato plants varied greatly. The serine conjugate, DMIT [5, 5-dimethyl-4, 5-dihydroisoxazole-3-thiol (DMIT)] &Ser, was the most abundant metabolites of PYS in tomato plants. In tomato plants, the conjugation of thiol-containing metabolic intermediates of PYS to serine may mimic the cystathionine β-synthase-catalyzed condensation of serine and homocysteine (in the pathway sly00260 sourced from KEGG database). This study ground breakingly proposed that serine may play an important role in plant metabolism of PYS and fluensulfone (whose molecular structure is similar to PYS). PYS and atrazine (whose toxicity profile is similar to PYS but not conjugate with serine) produced different regulatory outcomes for endogenous compounds in the pathway sly00260. Differential metabolites in tomato leaves exposed to PYS compared with the control, including amino acids, phosphates, and flavonoids, may play important roles in tomato response to PYS stress. This study provides inspiration for the biotransformation of sulfonyl-containing pesticides, antibiotics and other compounds in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yujia Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Cong Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory for Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; PLA Army Service Academy Training Base, Chongqing, 400041, China
| | - Te Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory for Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zishuo Yan
- Henan Key Laboratory for Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory for Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Fengzhi Piao
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Nanshan Du
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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6
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Chen ZJ, Qiao Y, Zhang N, Yang H, Liu J. Acetyltransferase OsACE2 acts as a regulator to reduce the environmental risk of oxyfluorfen to rice production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161599. [PMID: 36640869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The constant use of the pesticide oxyfluorfen (OFF) in farmland contaminates the soil, posing threats to crop growth and human health. To avoid the contamination of food crops with OFF, it is critically important to understand its absorption and degradation mechanisms. In this study, we characterized a new functional locus encoding an acetyltransferase (OsACE2) that can facilitate OFF degradation in rice. OsACE2 was drastically induced by OFF at 0.04-0.2 mg L-1 for 6 days and the rice growth was significantly inhibited. To demonstrate the regulatory role of OsACE2 in resistance to OFF toxicity, we generated OsACE2 overexpression (OE) and knockout mutant using genetic transformation and gene-editing technologies (CRISPR/Cas9). The OE plants grown in the hydroponic medium showed improved growth (plant elongation and biomass), increased chlorophyll content, and reduced OFF-induced oxidative stress. The OsACE2-improved growth phenotypes of rice were attributed to the significantly lower OFF accumulation in OE plants. Conversely, knocking out OsACE2 resulted in compromised growth phenotypes compared to the wild-type (WT). Using LC-LTQ-HRMS/MS, five mono-metabolites and eleven conjugates of OFF were characterized through various canonical pathways, such as hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, glycosylation, acetylation, malonylation, and interaction with amino acids. These metabolites increased in the OE plants, and five acetylated conjugates were reported for the first time. Collectively, OsACE2 plays a primary role in catabolizing OFF residues in rice through multiple degradation pathways and reducing OFF in its growth environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Jie Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Yuxin Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jintong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Su X, Liu X, Zhang Y, Li C. Identification of a Phase I mechanism gene of rice (OsCYP1) in response to isoproturon. Gene 2023; 866:147333. [PMID: 36871671 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The long-term use of isoproturon may threaten food security and human health. Cytochrome P450 (CYP or P450) can catalyze the biosynthetic metabolism, and play a crucial role in the modification of plant secondary metabolites. Therefore, it is of great importance to explore the genetic resources for isoproturon degradation. This research focused on a phase I metabolism gene (OsCYP1) with significant differential expression in rice under isoproturon pressure. Specifically, the high-throughput sequencing results of rice seedling transcriptome in response to isoproturon stress were analyzed. The molecular information and tobacco subcellular localization of OsCYP1 were studied. The subcellular localization of OsCYP1 in tobacco was assessed, where it is located in the endoplasmic reticulum. To analyze the expression of OsCYP1 in rice, the wild-type rice was treated with 0-1 mg/L isoproturon for 2 and 6 days, and qRT-PCR assays were conducted to detect the transcription levels. Compared with the control group, the expression of OsCYP1 in shoots was progressively upregulated after exposure to isoproturon, with 6.2-12.7-fold and 2.8-7.9-fold increases in transcription levels, respectively. Moreover, treatment with isoproturon upregulated the expression of OsCYP1 in roots, but the upregulation of transcripts was not significant except for 0.5 and 1 mg/L isoproturon at day 2. To confirm the role of OsCYP1 in enhancing isoproturon degradation, the vectors overexpressing OsCYP1 were transformed into recombinant yeast cells. After exposure to isoproturon, the growth of OsCYP1-transformed cells was better than the control cells, especially at higher stress levels. Furthermore, the dissipation rates of isoproturon were increased by 2.1-, 2.1- and 1.9-fold at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. These results further verified that OsCYP1 could enhance the degradation and detoxification of isoproturon. Collectively, our findings imply that OsCYP1 plays vital role in isoproturon degradation. This study provides a fundamental basis for the detoxification and regulatory mechanisms of OsCYP1 in crops via enhancing the degradation and/or metabolism of herbicide residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Su
- Research Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xuesong Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- Research Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chuanying Li
- Research Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
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8
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Zhao Y, Ye F, Fu Y. Research Progress on the Action Mechanism of Herbicide Safeners: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3639-3650. [PMID: 36794646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide safeners are agricultural chemicals that protect crops from herbicide injury and improve the safety of herbicides and the effectiveness of weed control. Safeners induce and enhance the tolerance of crops to herbicides through the synergism of multiple mechanisms. The principal mechanism is that the metabolic rate of the herbicide in the crop is accelerated by safeners, resulting in the damaging concentration at the site of action being reduced. We focused on discussing and summarizing the multiple mechanisms of safeners to protect crops in this review. It is also emphasized how safeners alleviate herbicide phytotoxicity to crops by regulating the detoxification process and conducting perspectives on future research on the action mechanism of safeners at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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9
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Zhang JJ, Yang H. Advance in Methodology and Strategies To Unveil Metabolic Mechanisms of Pesticide Residues in Food Crops. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2658-2667. [PMID: 33645212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c08122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residues are a food safety concern. A good detection method is critical for rapid and accurate determination of pesticide metabolites in crops and studying metabolism. The pretreatment methods have mainly been ultrasonic extraction-solid-phase extraction and QuEChERS, while detection methods have been radio-chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. This perspective briefed the progress of analytical methods used for studying pesticide transformation in crops over the past decade. With the combination of the characteristics of the pesticide molecular structure and the transformation principles of pesticides in crops, we presented specific methods for elucidating new metabolites and the approaches to identify metabolites using multi-high-resolution mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
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10
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Ling QL, Feng YX, Lu CJ, Lin YJ, Yu XZ. Genetic variation and gene expression of anthocyanin synthesis and transport related enzymes in Oryza sativa against thiocyanate. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 160:18-26. [PMID: 33453461 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants exposed to environmental contaminants often synthesize anthocyanins (ATHs) as an approach to safeguard themselves from adverse impact. However, the overload of ATHs in plant cells can threaten their growth and development through proteins oxidization and intercalating with DNAs inside cells. In the present study, a microcosm hydroponic experiment was conducted using rice seedlings to investigate the molecular signaling pathways involved in regulating and controlling ATHs synthesis and transport exposed to thiocyanate (SCN-). Our results indicated that SCN- exposure significantly (p < 0.05) increased the expression of ATHs synthesis related genes (i.e., PAL, CHS, ANS, UFGT genes) in rice tissues, altered the activities of these ATHs synthesis related enzymes, and consequently elevated the ATHs content. However, SCN- exposure significantly decreased the expression of ATHs transport related genes (i.e., GST, ABC, MATE genes) in rice seedlings, suggesting that SCN- exposure have restrained ATHs transport from cytosol to vacuole in cells, eventually posing a significant adverse effect on cells survival. Our findings highlight on one of the plant aspects in managing the toxicity triggered by secondary metabolites under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Long Ling
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Yu-Xi Feng
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Chun-Jiao Lu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Yu-Juan Lin
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Zhang Yu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
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11
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Aioub AAA, Zuo Y, Li Y, Qie X, Zhang X, Essmat N, Wu W, Hu Z. Transcriptome analysis of Plantago major as a phytoremediator to identify some genes related to cypermethrin detoxification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:5101-5115. [PMID: 32954451 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CYP) is a toxic manmade chemical compound belonging to pyrethroid insecticides contaminating the environment. Plantago major (PM) has numerous excellent advantages like high biomass yield and great stress tolerance, which make it able to increase the efficacy of phytoremediation. So far, no study has directly or indirectly made a transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) of PM under CYP stress. The aim of this study is to identify the genes in PM related to CYP detoxification (10 μg mL-1) and compared with control. In this study, BGISEQ-500 high-throughput sequencing technology independently developed by BGI was used to sequence the transcriptome of P. major. Six libraries were constructed including (CK_1, CK_2, and CK_3) and (CYP_1, CYP_2, and CYP_3) were sequenced for transcripts involved in CYP detoxification. Our data showed that de novo assembly generated 138,806 unigenes with an average length of 1129 bp. Analyzing the annotation results of the KEGG database between the samples revealed 37,177 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 18,062 down- and 19,115 upregulated under CYP treatment compared with control. A set of 107 genes of cytochrome P450 (Cyt P450), 43 genes of glutathione S-transferases (GST), 25 genes of glycosyltransferases (GTs), 113 genes from ABC transporters, 21 genes from multidrug and toxin efflux (MATE), 11 genes from oligopeptide transporter (OPT), and 3 genes of metallothioneins (MT) were upregulated notably. By using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), the results of gene expression for 12 randomly selected DEGs were confirmed, showing the different patterns of response to CYP in PM tissues. Furthermore, the enzyme activity of Cyt P450 and GST in PM under CYP stress was significantly increased in roots and leaves than in control. This study introduces a clue to understand the metabolic pathways of plants used in phytoremediation by identifying the highly expressed genes related to phytoremediation which would be utilized to enhance pesticide detoxification and reduce pollution problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A A Aioub
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Yayun Zuo
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yankai Li
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingtao Qie
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianxia Zhang
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nariman Essmat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaonong Hu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Khan IU, Rono JK, Zhang BQ, Liu XS, Wang MQ, Wang LL, Wu XC, Chen X, Cao HW, Yang ZM. Identification of novel rice (Oryza sativa) HPP and HIPP genes tolerant to heavy metal toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 175:8-18. [PMID: 30878662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
HPP (heavy metal associated plant protein) and HIPP (heavy metal associated isoprenylated plant protein) are a group of metal-binding metallochaperones playing crucial roles in metal homeostasis and detoxification. Up to now, only few of them have been functionally identified in plants. Here, we identified 54 HPP and HIPP genes in rice genome. Analysis of the transcriptome datasets of the rice genome exposed to cadmium (Cd) revealed 17 HPP/HIPP genes differentially expressed, with 11 being upregulated (>2 fold change, p < 0.05). Comprehensive analysis of transcripts by qRT-PCR showed that both types of genes displayed diverse expression pattern in rice under excess manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and Cd stress. Multiple genomic analyses of HPPs/HIPPs including phylogenesis, conserved domains and motifs, genomic arrangement and genomic and tandem duplication were performed. To identify the role of the genes, OsHIPP16, OsHIPP34 and OsHIPP60 were randomly selected to express in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutants pmrl, cup2, ycf1 and zrc1, exhibiting sensitivity to Mn, Cu, Cd and Zn toxicity, respectively. Complementation test showed that the transformed cells accumulated more metals in the cells, but their growth status was improved. To confirm the functional role, two mutant oshipp42 lines defective in OsHIPP42 expression were identified under metal stress. Under normal condition, no difference of growth between the oshipp42 mutant and wild-type plants was observed. Upon excess Cu, Zn, Cd and Mn, the oshipp42 lines grew weaker than the wild-type. Our work provided a novel source of heavy metal-binding genes in rice that can be potentially used to develop engineered plants for phytoremediation in heavy metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Justice Kipkoir Rono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bai Qing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xue Song Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meng Qi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Lei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xue Chun Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Wei Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhi Min Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Su XN, Zhang JJ, Liu JT, Zhang N, Ma LY, Lu FF, Chen ZJ, Shi Z, Si WJ, Liu C, Yang H. Biodegrading Two Pesticide Residues in Paddy Plants and the Environment by a Genetically Engineered Approach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4947-4957. [PMID: 30994343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b07251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating pesticide (and herbicide) residues in soils have become a serious environmental problem. This study focused on identifying the removal of two widely used pesticides, isoproturon (IPU) and acetochlor (ACT), by a genetically developed paddy (or rice) plant overexpressing an uncharacterized glycosyltransferase (IRGT1). IRGT1 conferred plant resistance to isoproturon-acetochlor, which was manifested by attenuated cellular injury and alleviated toxicity of rice under isoproturon-acetochlor stress. A short-term study showed that IRGT1-transformed lines removed 33.3-48.3% of isoproturon and 39.8-53.5% of acetochlor from the growth medium, with only 59.5-72.1 and 58.9-70.4% of the isoproturon and acetochlor remaining in the plants compared with the levels in untransformed rice. This phenotype was confirmed by IRGT1-expression in yeast ( Pichia pastoris) which grew better and contained less isoproturon-acetochlor than the control cells. A long-term study showed that isoproturon-acetochlor concentrations at all developmental stages were significantly lower in the transformed rice, which contain only 59.3-69.2% (isoproturon) and 51.7-57.4% (acetochlor) of the levels in wild type. In contrast, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis revealed that more isoproturon-acetochlor metabolites were detected in the transformed rice. Sixteen metabolites of isoproturon and 19 metabolites of acetochlor were characterized in rice for Phase I reactions, and 9 isoproturon and 13 acetochlor conjugates were characterized for Phase II reactions in rice; of these, 7 isoproturon and 6 acetochlor metabolites and conjugates were reported in plants for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ning Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Jing Jing Zhang
- College of Plant Protection , Henan Agricultural University , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Jin Tong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Li Ya Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Feng Fan Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Zhao Jie Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Zhan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Wen Jing Si
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
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Lu FF, Xu JY, Ma LY, Su XN, Wang XQ, Yang H. Isoproturon-Induced Salicylic Acid Confers Arabidopsis Resistance to Isoproturon Phytotoxicity and Degradation in Plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:13073-13083. [PMID: 30403864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study identified the effect of salicylic acid on degradation of isoproturon in Arabidopsis. Three T-DNA insertion mutant lines pal1- 1, pal1- 2, and eps1- 1 defective in salicylic acid synthesis were tested, which showed higher isoproturon accumulation and a toxic symptom in the mutants. When treated with 5 mg/L salicylic acid, these lines displayed a lower level of isoproturon and showed an attenuated toxic symptom. An RNA-sequencing study identified 2651 (1421 up and 1230 down) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in eps1- 1 and 2211 (1556 up and 655 down) in pal1- 2 mutant plants (>2.0 fold change, p < 0.05). Some of the DEGs covered Phase I-III reaction components, like glycosyltransferases (GTs) and ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs). Using ultra performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight-tandem-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS), 13 Phase I and four Phase II metabolites were characterized. Of these, two metabolites 1-OH-isopropyl-benzene-O-glucoside and 4-isopropylphenol-S-2-methylbutanoyl-serine, have been identified and reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Fan Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Jiang Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Li Ya Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Xiang Ning Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Xin Qiang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
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15
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Sui X, Wu Q, Chang W, Fan X, Song F. Proteomic analysis of the response of Funnelifor mismosseae/Medicago sativa to atrazine stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:289. [PMID: 30463523 PMCID: PMC6247736 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form symbiotic associations with host plants can protect host plants against diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, and promote biodegradation of various contaminants. However, the molecular mechanisms of how the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and host plant association on atrazine stress were still poorly understood. To better characterize how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and host plant interactions increase atrazine stress, we performed physiological and proteomic analysis of Funneliformis mosseae (mycorrhizal fungi) and Medicago sativa (alfalfa) association under atrazine stress. RESULTS The results showed that in the Arbuscular mycorrhizal, protective enzymes were up regulated and the malondialdehyde content increased relative to those of non-mycorrhizal M.sativa. We also examined the atrazine degradation rates within the nutrient solution, and a 44.43% reduction was observed with the mycorrhizal M.sativa, with 30.83% of the reduction attributed to F. mosseae. The accumulation content in root and stem of mycorrhizal M.sativa were obviously increased 11.89% and 16.33% than those of non- mycorrhizal M.sativa. The activity of PPO, POD, CAT and SOD in mycorrhizal M.sativa were obviously higher than non mycorrhizal M.sativa under atrazine stess. We identified differential root proteins using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, with 533 proteins identified (276 unregulated and 257 downregulated). The differentially expressed proteins were further examined using GO, BLAST comparisons, and a literature inquiry and were classified into the categories of atrazine degradation (37.1%); atrazine stress response (28.6%); plant immune responses (14.3%); translation, synthesis, and processing (10%); and signal transduction and biological processes (10%). Furthermore, we identified glycosyl transferase, glutathione S-transferase, laccase, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, peroxidase, and other proteins closely related to the degradation process. CONCLUSIONS Mycorrhizal Medicago showed improved atrazine degradation within the culturing medium and increased atrazine enrichment in the roots and stems. Additionally, AMF increased the plant root response to atrazine, with relevant enzymes up regulated and toxic effects alleviated. Overall, the findings of this study show that AMF played an important role in easing atrazine stress in plants and contributed to atrazine remediation and further contributed to the understanding of the molecular mechanism associated with atrazine stresses and potential mycorrhizal contributions in M.sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sui
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecologial Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecologial Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecologial Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Fan
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecologial Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Song
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecologial Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, XueFu Road No.74, Nangang district, Harbin City, 150080 People’s Republic of China
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Xu X, Chen Z, Shi YF, Wang HM, He Y, Shi L, Chen T, Wu JL, Zhang XB. Functional inactivation of OsGCNT induces enhanced disease resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:264. [PMID: 30382816 PMCID: PMC6211509 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spotted-leaf mutants are important to reveal programmed cell death and defense-related pathways in rice. We previously characterized the phenotype performance of a rice spotted-leaf mutant spl21 and narrowed down the causal gene locus spl21(t) to an 87-kb region in chromosome 12 by map-based cloning. RESULT We showed that a single base substitution from A to G at position 836 in the coding sequence of Oryza sativa beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase (OsGCNT), effectively mutating Tyr to Cys at position 279 in the translated protein sequence, was responsible for the spotted-leaf phenotype as it could be rescued by functional complementation. Compared to the wild type IR64, the spotted-leaf mutant spl21 exhibited loss of chlorophyll, breakdown of chloroplasts, down-regulation of photosynthesis-related genes, and up-regulation of senescence associated genes, which indicated that OsGCNT regulates premature leaf senescence. Moreover, the enhanced resistance to the bacterial leaf blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, up-regulation of pathogenesis-related genes and increased level of jasmonate which suggested that OsGCNT is a negative regulator of defense response in rice. OsGCNT was expressed constitutively in the leaves, sheaths, stems, roots, and panicles, and OsGCNT-GFP was localized to the Golgi apparatus. High throughput RNA sequencing analysis provided further evidence for the biological effects of loss of OsGCNT function on cell death, premature leaf senescence and enhanced disease resistance in rice. Thus, we demonstrated that the novel OsGCNT regulated rice innate immunity and immunity-associated leaf senescence probably by changing the jasmonate metabolic pathway. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal that a novel gene Oryza sativa beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase (OsGCNT) is responsible for the spotted-leaf mutant spl21, and OsGCNT acts as a negative-regulator mediating defense response and immunity-associated premature leaf senescence probably by activating jasmonate signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Zheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Yong-feng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Hui-mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Yan He
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Jian-li Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Xiao-bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
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Zhang JJ, Gao S, Xu JY, Lu YC, Lu FF, Ma LY, Su XN, Yang H. Degrading and Phytoextracting Atrazine Residues in Rice (Oryza sativa) and Growth Media Intensified by a Phase II Mechanism Modulator. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:11258-11268. [PMID: 28872855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) residue in farmland is one of the environmental contaminants seriously affecting crop production and food safety. Understanding the regulatory mechanism for ATZ metabolism and degradation in plants is important to help reduce ATZ potential toxicity to both plants and human health. Here, we report our newly developed engineered rice overexpressing a novel Phase II metabolic enzyme glycosyltransfearse1 (ARGT1) responsible for transformation of ATZ residues in rice. Our results showed that transformed lines, when exposed to environmentally realistic ATZ concentration (0.2-0.8 mg/L), displayed significantly high tolerance, with 8-27% biomass and 36-56% chlorophyll content higher, but 37-69% plasma membrane injury lower than untransformed lines. Such results were well confirmed by ARGT1 expression in Arabidopsis. ARGT1-transformed rice took up 1.6-2.7 fold ATZ from its growth medium compared to its wild type (WT) and accumulated ATZ 10%-43% less than that of WT. A long-term study also showed that ATZ in the grains of ARGT1-transformed rice was reduced by 30-40% compared to WT. The ATZ-degraded products were characterized by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS. More ATZ metabolites and conjugates accumulated in ARGT1-transformed rice than in WT. Eight ATZ metabolites for Phase I reaction and 10 conjugates for Phase II reaction in rice were identified, with three ATZ-glycosylated conjugates that have never been reported before. These results indicate that ARGT1 expression can facilitate uptake of ATZ from environment and metabolism in rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Jiang Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Feng Fan Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Li Ya Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiang Ning Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
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18
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Huang MT, Lu YC, Zhang S, Luo F, Yang H. Rice (Oryza sativa) Laccases Involved in Modification and Detoxification of Herbicides Atrazine and Isoproturon Residues in Plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6397-406. [PMID: 27499219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) and isoproturon (IPU) as herbicides have become serious environmental contaminants due to their overuse in crop production. Although ATR and IPU in soils are easily absorbed by many crops, the mechanisms for their degradation or detoxification in plants are poorly understood. This study identified a group of novel genes encoding laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) that are possibly involved in catabolism or detoxification of ATR and IPU residues in rice. Transcriptome profiling shows at least 22 differentially expressed laccase genes in ATR/IPU-exposed rice. Some of the laccase genes were validated by RT-PCR analysis. The biochemical properties of the laccases were analyzed, and their activities in rice were induced under ATR/IPU exposure. To investigate the roles of laccases in degrading or detoxifying ATR/IPU in rice, transgenic yeast cells (Pichia pastoris X-33) expressing two rice laccase genes (LOC_Os01g63180 and LOC_Os12g15680) were generated. Both transformants were found to accumulate less ATR/IPU compared to the control. The ATR/IPU-degraded products in the transformed yeast cells using UPLC-TOF-MS/MS were further characterized. Two metabolites, hydroxy-dehydrogenated atrazine (HDHA) and 2-OH-isopropyl-IPU, catalyzed by laccases were detected in the eukaryotic cells. These results indicate that the laccase-coding genes identified here could confer degradation or detoxification of the herbicides and suggest that the laccases could be one of the important enzymatic pathways responsible for ATR/IPU degradation/detoxification in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Tian Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
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Zhang JJ, Lu YC, Zhang SH, Lu FF, Yang H. Identification of transcriptome involved in atrazine detoxification and degradation in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) exposed to realistic environmental contamination. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 130:103-112. [PMID: 27092973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants are constantly exposed to a variety of toxic compounds (or xenobiotics) such as pesticides (or herbicides). Atrazine (ATZ) as herbicide has become one of the environmental contaminants due to its intensive use during crop production. Plants have evolved strategies to cope with the adverse impact of ATZ. However, the mechanism for ATZ degradation and detoxification in plants is largely unknown. Here we employed a global RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) strategy to dissect transcriptome variation in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) exposed to ATZ. Four libraries were constructed including Root-ATZ (root control, ATZ-free), Shoot-ATZ, Root+ATZ (root treated with ATZ) and Shoot+ATZ. Hierarchical clustering was performed to display the expression patterns for all differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under ATZ exposure. Transcripts involved in ATZ detoxification, stress responses (e.g. oxidation and reduction, conjugation and hydrolytic reactions), and regulations of cysteine biosynthesis were identified. Several genes encoding glycosyltransferases, glutathione S-transferases or ABC transporters were up-regulated notably. Also, many other genes involved in oxidation-reduction, conjugation, and hydrolysis for herbicide degradation were differentially expressed. These results suggest that ATZ in alfalfa can be detoxified or degraded through different pathways. The expression patterns of some DEGs by high-throughput sequencing were well confirmed by qRT-PCR. Our results not only highlight the transcriptional complexity in alfalfa exposed to ATZ but represent a major improvement for analyzing transcriptional changes on a large scale as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shu Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Fan Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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20
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Lu YC, Feng SJ, Zhang JJ, Luo F, Zhang S, Yang H. Genome-wide identification of DNA methylation provides insights into the association of gene expression in rice exposed to pesticide atrazine. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18985. [PMID: 26739616 PMCID: PMC4704053 DOI: 10.1038/srep18985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is a pesticide widely used for controlling weeds for crop production. Crop contamination with ATR negatively affects crop growth and development. This study presents the first genome-wide single-base-resolution maps of DNA methylation in ATR-exposed rice. Widespread differences were identified in CG and non-CG methylation marks between the ATR-exposed and ATR-free (control) rice. Most of DNA methyltransferases, histone methyltransferases and DNA demethylase were differentially regulated by ATR. We found more genes hypermethylated than those hypomethylated in the regions of upstream, genebody and downstream under ATR exposure. A stringent group of 674 genes (p < 0.05, two-fold change) with a strong preference of differential expression in ATR-exposed rice was identified. Some of the genes were identified in a subset of loss of function mutants defective in DNA methylation/demethylation. Provision of 5-azacytidine (AZA, inhibitor of DNA methylation) promoted the rice growth and reduced ATR content. By UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS, 8 degraded products and 9 conjugates of ATR in AZA-treated rice were characterized. Two of them has been newly identified in this study. Our data show that ATR-induced changes in DNA methylation marks are possibly involved in an epigenetic mechanism associated with activation of specific genes responsible for ATR degradation and detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Jun Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- State key laboratory of food science and technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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21
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Lu YC, Zhang JJ, Luo F, Huang MT, Yang H. RNA-sequencing Oryza sativa transcriptome in response to herbicide isoprotruon and characterization of genes involved in IPU detoxification. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25986j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and UPLC-MS/MS in rice was performed to explore the regulatory mechanism of mRNA level and chemical metabolism in response to herbicide isoproturon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Jing Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Fang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Meng Tian Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
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22
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Bai X, Sun C, Xie J, Song H, Zhu Q, Su Y, Qian H, Fu Z. Effects of atrazine on photosynthesis and defense response and the underlying mechanisms in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:17499-17507. [PMID: 26139402 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4923-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is a commonly used herbicide that has recently come under scrutiny due to potential environmental toxicity and contamination. In this study, we found that the administration of ATZ indeed leads to reduction of photosynthesis and oxidative stress in Phaeodactylum tricornutum at the treated doses higher than 100 μg L(-1) after 48 h. We further explored the effect of ATZ on photosystem II (PSII) and gene expression of electron transport chain. Collectively, our results may suggest that ATZ entered the chloroplasts in alga depending on ATZ's liposolubility and directly attacked on the electron transport chain, especially PSII, contributing to reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst. The increasing ROS could act as signals to induce or disturb the expression of photosynthesis-related genes, resulting in the imbalance of antioxidation and pro-oxidation in the alga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Bai
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongchong Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xie
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Song
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyuan Su
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic. of China.
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
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23
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Rong Tan L, Chen Lu Y, Jing Zhang J, Luo F, Yang H. A collection of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes involved in modification and detoxification of herbicide atrazine in rice (Oryza sativa) plants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 119:25-34. [PMID: 25968601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant cytochrome P450 monooxygenases constitute one of the largest families of protein genes involved in plant growth, development and acclimation to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, whether these genes respond to organic toxic compounds and their biological functions for detoxifying toxic compounds such as herbicides in rice are poorly understood. The present study identified 201 genes encoding cytochrome P450s from an atrazine-exposed rice transcriptome through high-throughput sequencing. Of these, 69 cytochrome P450 genes were validated by microarray and some of them were confirmed by real time PCR. Activities of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) and p-nitroanisole O-demethylase (PNOD) related to toxicity were determined and significantly induced by atrazine exposure. To dissect the mechanism underlying atrazine modification and detoxification by P450, metabolites (or derivatives) of atrazine in plants were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS). Major metabolites comprised desmethylatrazine (DMA), desethylatrazine (DEA), desisopropylatrazine (DIA), hydroxyatrazine (HA), hydroxyethylatrazine (HEA) and hydroxyisopropylatrazine (HIA). All of them were chemically modified by P450s. Furthermore, two specific inhibitors of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and malathion (MAL) were used to assess the correlation between the P450s activity and rice responses including accumulation of atrazine in tissues, shoot and root growth and detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Rong Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of maize inbred carrying nicosulfuron-tolerant and nicosulfuron-susceptible alleles. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5975-89. [PMID: 25782159 PMCID: PMC4394515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Postemergence applications of nicosulfuron can cause great damage to certain maize inbred lines and hybrids. Variation among different responses to nicosulfuron may be attributed to differential rates of herbicide metabolism. We employed RNA-Seq analysis to compare transcriptome responses between nicosulfuron-treated and untreated in both tolerant and susceptible maize plants. A total of 71.8 million paired end Illumina RNA-Seq reads were generated, representing the transcription of around 40,441 unique reads. About 345,171 gene ontology (GO) term assignments were conducted for the annotation in terms of biological process, cellular component and molecular function categories, and 6413 sequences with 108 enzyme commission numbers were assigned to 134 predicted Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways. Digital gene expression profile (DGE) analysis using Solexa sequencing was performed within the susceptible and tolerant maize between the nicosulfuron-treated and untreated conditions, 13 genes were selected as the candidates most likely involved in herbicide metabolism, and quantitative RT-PCR validated the RNA-Seq results for eight genes. This transcriptome data may provide opportunities for the study of sulfonylurea herbicides susceptibility emergence of Zea mays.
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Lu YC, Zhang S, Yang H. Acceleration of the herbicide isoproturon degradation in wheat by glycosyltransferases and salicylic acid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 283:806-814. [PMID: 25464323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Isoproturon (IPU) is a herbicide widely used to prevent weeds in cereal production. Due to its extensive use in agriculture, residues of IPU are often detected in soils and crops. Overload of IPU to crops is associated with human health risks. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop an approach to mitigate its accumulation in crops. In this study, the IPU residues and its degradation products in wheat were characterized using ultra performance liquid chromatography-time of fight tandem-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer (UPLC-TOF-MS/MS). Most detected IPU-derivatives were sugar-conjugated. Degradation and glycosylation of IPU-derivatives could be enhanced by applying salicylic acid (SA). While more sugar-conjugated IPU-derivatives were identified in wheat with SA application, lower levels of IPU were detected, indicating that SA is able to accelerate intracellular IPU catabolism. All structures of IPU-derivatives and sugar-conjugated products were characterized. Comparative data were provided with specific activities and gene expression of certain glucosyltransferases. A pathway with IPU degradation and glucosylation was discussed. Our work indicates that SA-accelerated degradation is practically useful for wheat crops growing in IPU-contaminated soils because such crops with SA application can potentially lower or minimize IPU accumulation in levels below the threshold for adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- State key laboratory of food science and technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zhang JJ, Lu YC, Yang H. Chemical modification and degradation of atrazine in Medicago sativa through multiple pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9657-9668. [PMID: 25226578 DOI: 10.1021/jf503221c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is a member of the triazine herbicide family intensively used to control weeds for crop production. In this study, atrazine residues and its degraded products in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) were characterized using UPLC-TOF-MS/MS. Most of atrazine absorbed in plants was found as chemically modified derivatives like deisopropylated atrazine (DIA), dehydrogenated atrazine (DHA), or methylated atrazine (MEA), and some atrazine derivatives were conjugated through different functional groups such as sugar, glutathione, and amino acids. Interestingly, the specific conjugates DHA+hGSH (homoglutathione) and MEA-HCl+hGSH in alfalfa were detected. These results suggest that atrazine in alfalfa can be degraded through different pathways. The increased activities of glycosyltransferase and glutathione S-transferase were determined to support the atrazine degradation models. The outcome of the work uncovered the detailed mechanism for the residual atrazine accumulation and degradation in alfalfa and will help to evaluate whether the crop is suitable to be cultivated in the atrazine-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
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27
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Griboff J, Morales D, Bertrand L, Bonansea RI, Monferrán MV, Asis R, Wunderlin DA, Amé MV. Oxidative stress response induced by atrazine in Palaemonetes argentinus: the protective effect of vitamin E. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 108:1-8. [PMID: 25038265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The widespread contamination and persistence of the herbicide atrazine residues in the environment resulted in the exposure of non-target organisms. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of atrazine in the response of oxidative stress biomarkers in the freshwater shrimp Palaemonetes argentinus and the protective effect of vitamin-E against atrazine-induced toxicity. Therefore, two batches of P. argentinus were fed for 21 days with a commercial food enriched in proteins (D1) or with D2, composed of D1 enriched with vitamin-E (6.8 and 16.0mg% of vitamin-E, respectively). Subsequently, half of the individuals of each group were exposed to atrazine (0.4mgL(-1)) for 24h and the others remained as controls. Atrazine promoted oxidative stress response in P. argentinus fed with D1 as indicated by enhanced H2O2 content and induction of superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferases and glutathione reductase. This antioxidant activity would prevent the increment of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the shrimp tissues. P. argentinus fed with D2 reversed the response of the biomarkers measured. However, the activation of antioxidants response had an energetic cost, which was revealed by a decrease in lipids storage in shrimps. These results show the modulatory effect of vit-E on oxidative stress and its potential use as an effective antioxidant to be applied in chemoprotection strategies during aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Griboff
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba - ICYTAC, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Juan Filloy s/n, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - David Morales
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lidwina Bertrand
- CONICET, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología - CIBICI, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rocío Inés Bonansea
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología - CIBICI, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Magdalena Victoria Monferrán
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba - ICYTAC, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Juan Filloy s/n, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ramón Asis
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología - CIBICI, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Daniel Alberto Wunderlin
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba - ICYTAC, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Juan Filloy s/n, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Valeria Amé
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología - CIBICI, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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28
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Zhang JJ, Lu YC, Zhang JJ, Tan LR, Yang H. Accumulation and toxicological response of atrazine in rice crops. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 102:105-12. [PMID: 24530725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is one of the most widely used herbicides for controlling weeds and grasses. Due to its intensive use, it has become a serious contaminant in soil and water. To evaluate impact of atrazine on graminaceous crops, experiments focusing on atrazine accumulation and toxic response in rice (Oryza sativa) were carried out. Treatment with atrazine at 0.05-0.8 mg L(-1) for 6 d reduced elongation of shoot and root. Compared with a mock treatment, the elongation of shoot with atrazine was 67.1 percent of the control, whereas that of root was 79.5 percent, indicating that the shoot was more affected than the root. Atrazine was readily absorbed by rice from media. Although the quantitative absorption of atrazine was positively correlated with the external supply of the herbicide, translocation of atrazine from roots to the above-ground was reduced from 39.88±6.26 (at 0.05 mg L(-1)) to 9.25±0.27 (0.8 mg L(-1)). While accumulation of atrazine in rice plants led to toxic responses such as over-generation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions, it triggered the plant defense system against the herbicide-induced oxidative stress. This was best presented by the enhanced activities of several antioxidant enzymes (e.g. superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase) and expression of genes responsible for the tolerance to atrazine toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Polytechnic, Tongren, China
| | - Yi Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jin Jin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Li Rong Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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