1
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Kashefi S, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Ghorbani-Bidkorpeh F, Shabani M, Koochaki A, Safarzadeh M, Hoseini MHM. Anti-cancer Effects of a Chitosan Based Nanoformulation Expressing miR-340 on 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:445-454. [PMID: 37806438 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression in tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. Herein, miRNA-340 (miR-340) has been shown to play tumor suppressor activity in breast cancer (BC). However, the clinical applications of miRNAs request the development of safe and effective delivery systems capable of protecting nucleic acids from degradation. In this study, biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles incorporating miR-340 plasmid DNA (pDNA) (miR-340 CNPs) were synthesized and characterized. Then, the anti-tumor effects of miR-340 CNPs were investigated using 4T1 BCE cells. The spherical nanoparticles (NPs) with an appropriate mean diameter of around 266 ± 9.3 nm and zeta potential of +17 ± 1.8 mV were successfully prepared. The NPs showed good stability, high entrapment efficiency and a reasonable release behavior, meanwhile their high resistance against enzymatic degradation was verified. Furthermore, NPs demonstrated appropriate transfection efficiency and could induce apoptosis, so had toxicity in 4T1 BCE cells. Also, CD47 expression on the surface of cancer cells was significantly reduced after treatment with miR-340 CNPs. The results showed that miR-340 CNPs augmented the expression of P-27 in BC cells. Furthermore, miR-340 CNPs caused down-regulation of BRP-39 (breast regression protein-39) increasingly suggested as a prognostic biomarker for neoplastic diseases like BC. In conclusion, our data show that miR-340 CNPs can be considered as a promising new platform for BC gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvenaz Kashefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghorbani-Bidkorpeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shabani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Koochaki
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Haji Molla Hoseini
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Alsaab HO, Abdullaev B, Alkhafaji AT, Alawadi AH, Jahlan I, Bahir H, Bisht YS, Alsaalamy A, Jabbar AM, Mustafa YF. A comprehension of signaling pathways and drug resistance; an insight into the correlation between microRNAs and cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154848. [PMID: 37862919 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of numerous therapies, cancer remains an incurable disease due to various factors, including drug resistance produced by cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate different target genes involved in biological and pathological processes, including cancer, through post-transcriptional mechanisms. The development of drug resistance in cancer treatment is a significant barrier because it decreases drug uptake, cellular transport, and changes in proteins involved in cell proliferation, survival, and apoptotic pathways. Numerous studies have found a connection between miRNAs and the development of drug resistance in cancer cells. This paper provides a broad overview of how miRNAs regulate signaling pathways and influence treatment resistance in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bekhzod Abdullaev
- Research Department of Biotechnology, New Uzbekistan University, Mustaqillik Avenue 54, Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Central Asian University, Milliy Bog Street 264, Tashkent 111221, Uzbekistan.
| | | | - Ahmed Hussien Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ibtesam Jahlan
- Maternal and Child Health Nursing Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Bahir
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yashwant Singh Bisht
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Abeer Mhussan Jabbar
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
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3
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Rezaee A, Ahmadpour S, Jafari A, Aghili S, Zadeh SST, Rajabi A, Raisi A, Hamblin MR, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Derakhshan M. MicroRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs and gynecological cancers: focus on metastasis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1215194. [PMID: 37854681 PMCID: PMC10580988 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1215194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic cancer is a significant cause of death in women worldwide, with cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer being among the most well-known types. The initiation and progression of gynecologic cancers involve a variety of biological functions, including angiogenesis and metastasis-given that death mostly occurs from metastatic tumors that have invaded the surrounding tissues. Therefore, understanding the molecular pathways underlying gynecologic cancer metastasis is critical for enhancing patient survival and outcomes. Recent research has revealed the contribution of numerous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to metastasis and invasion of gynecologic cancer by affecting specific cellular pathways. This review focuses on three types of gynecologic cancer (ovarian, endometrial, and cervical) and three kinds of ncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs). We summarize the detailed role of non-coding RNAs in the different pathways and molecular interactions involved in the invasion and metastasis of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryan Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadpour
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarehnaz Aghili
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Rajabi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Derakhshan
- Shahid Beheshti Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obsteterics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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4
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Jaiswal A, Kaushik N, Choi EH, Kaushik NK. Functional impact of non-coding RNAs in high-grade breast carcinoma: Moving from resistance to clinical applications: A comprehensive review. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188915. [PMID: 37196783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in cancer therapy, triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are the most relapsing cancer sub-type. It is partly due to their propensity to develop resistance against the available therapies. An intricate network of regulatory molecules in cellular mechanisms leads to the development of resistance in tumors. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained widespread attention as critical regulators of cancer hallmarks. Existing research suggests that aberrant expression of ncRNAs modulates the oncogenic or tumor suppressive signaling. This can mitigate the responsiveness of efficacious anti-tumor interventions. This review presents a systematic overview of biogenesis and down streaming molecular mechanism of the subgroups of ncRNAs. Furthermore, it explains ncRNA-based strategies and challenges to target the chemo-, radio-, and immunoresistance in TNBCs from a clinical standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Jaiswal
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Hashemi M, Hasani S, Hajimazdarany S, Ghadyani F, Olyaee Y, Khodadadi M, Ziyarani MF, Dehghanpour A, Salehi H, Kakavand A, Goharrizi MASB, Aref AR, Salimimoghadam S, Akbari ME, Taheriazam A, Hushmandi K, Entezari M. Biological functions and molecular interactions of Wnt/β-catenin in breast cancer: Revisiting signaling networks. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123377. [PMID: 36702226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Changes in lifestyle such as physical activity and eating habits have been one of the main reasons for development of various diseases in modern world, especially cancer. However, role of genetic factors in initiation of cancer cannot be ignored and Wnt/β-catenin signaling is such factor that can affect tumor progression. Breast tumor is the most malignant tumor in females and it causes high mortality and morbidity around the world. The survival and prognosis of patients are not still desirable, although there have been advances in introducing new kinds of therapies and diagnosis. The present review provides an update of Wnt/β-catenin function in breast cancer malignancy. The upregulation of Wnt is commonly observed during progression of breast tumor and confirms that tumor cells are dependent on this pathway Wnt/β-catenin induction prevents apoptosis that is of importance for mediating drug resistance. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin signaling induces DNA damage repair in ameliorating radio-resistance. Wnt/β-catenin enhances proliferation and metastasis of breast tumor. Wnt/β-catenin induces EMT and elevates MMP expression. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin participates in tumor microenvironment remodeling and due to its tumor-promoting factor, drugs for its suppression have been developed. Different kinds of upstream mediators Wnt/β-catenin signaling in breast cancer have been recognized that their targeting is a therapeutic approach. Finally, Wnt/β-catenin can be considered as a biomarker in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Hasani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hajimazdarany
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghadyani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Olyaee
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Khodadadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Fallah Ziyarani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Dehghanpour
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasti Salehi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Kim WR, Park EG, Lee YJ, Bae WH, Lee DH, Kim HS. Integration of TE Induces Cancer Specific Alternative Splicing Events. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10918. [PMID: 36142830 PMCID: PMC9502224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing of messenger RNA (mRNA) precursors contributes to genetic diversity by generating structurally and functionally distinct transcripts. In a disease state, alternative splicing promotes incidence and development of several cancer types through regulation of cancer-related biological processes. Transposable elements (TEs), having the genetic ability to jump to other regions of the genome, can bring about alternative splicing events in cancer. TEs can integrate into the genome, mostly in the intronic regions, and induce cancer-specific alternative splicing by adjusting various mechanisms, such as exonization, providing splicing donor/acceptor sites, alternative regulatory sequences or stop codons, and driving exon disruption or epigenetic regulation. Moreover, TEs can produce microRNAs (miRNAs) that control the proportion of transcripts by repressing translation or stimulating the degradation of transcripts at the post-transcriptional level. Notably, TE insertion creates a cancer-friendly environment by controlling the overall process of gene expression before and after transcription in cancer cells. This review emphasizes the correlative interaction between alternative splicing by TE integration and cancer-associated biological processes, suggesting a macroscopic mechanism controlling alternative splicing by TE insertion in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Ryung Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Eun Gyung Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yun Ju Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Woo Hyeon Bae
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Du Hyeong Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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7
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Park EG, Ha H, Lee DH, Kim WR, Lee YJ, Bae WH, Kim HS. Genomic Analyses of Non-Coding RNAs Overlapping Transposable Elements and Its Implication to Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168950. [PMID: 36012216 PMCID: PMC9409130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that up to 80% of the human genome is transcribed into RNA molecules but less than 2% of the genome encodes the proteins, and the rest of the RNA transcripts that are not translated into protein are called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Many studies have revealed that ncRNAs have biochemical activities as epigenetic regulators at the post-transcriptional level. Growing evidence has demonstrated that transposable elements (TEs) contribute to a large percentage of ncRNAs’ transcription. The TEs inserted into certain parts of the genome can act as alternative promoters, enhancers, and insulators, and the accumulation of TEs increases genetic diversity in the human genome. The TEs can also generate microRNAs, so-called miRNA-derived from transposable elements (MDTEs), and are also implicated in disease progression, such as infectious diseases and cancer. Here, we analyzed the origin of ncRNAs and reviewed the published literature on MDTEs related to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Gyung Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hongseok Ha
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Du Hyeong Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Woo Ryung Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yun Ju Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Woo Hyeon Bae
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence:
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8
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Le Minh G, Reginato MJ. Role of O-GlcNAcylation on cancer stem cells: Connecting nutrient sensing to cell plasticity. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 157:195-228. [PMID: 36725109 PMCID: PMC9895886 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumor growth and metastasis can be promoted by a small sub-population of cancer cells, termed cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). While CSCs possess capability in self-renewing and differentiating, the hierarchy of CSCs during tumor growth is highly plastic. This plasticity in CSCs fate and function can be regulated by signals from the tumor microenvironment. One emerging pathway in CSCs that connects the alteration in microenvironment and signaling network in cancer cells is the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). The final product of HBP, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), is utilized for glycosylating of membrane and secreted proteins, but also nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins by the post-translational modification O-GlcNAcylation. O-GlcNAcylation and its enzyme, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), are upregulated in nearly all cancers and been linked to regulate many cancer cell phenotypes. Recent studies have begun to connect OGT and O-GlcNAcylation to regulation of CSCs. In this review, we will discuss the emerging role of OGT and O-GlcNAcylation in regulating fate and plasticity of CSCs, as well as the potential in targeting OGT/O-GlcNAcylation in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang Le Minh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mauricio J Reginato
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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9
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Raut D, Vora A, Bhatt LK. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway in breast cancer therapy: a pre-clinical perspective of its targeting for clinical translation. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2021; 22:97-114. [PMID: 34927527 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2016398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite various treatments available, there is still a high mortality rate in breast cancer patients. Thus, there exists an unmet need for new therapeutic interventions. Studies show that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in breast cancer metastasis because of its transcriptional control on epithelial to mesenchymal transition. AREAS COVERED This comprehensive review explores the Wnt signaling pathway as a potential target for treating breast cancer and other breast cancer subtypes. We discuss the Wnt signaling pathway, its role in breast cancer metastasis, and its effect on breast cancer stem cells. Further, endogenous agents that cause Wnt pathway inactivation are outlined. Finally, various natural and chemical compounds modulating the Wnt pathway used in pre-clinical or clinical trials for breast cancer treatment are discussed. EXPERT OPINION In vitro and in vivo studies indicate an immense potential of agents targeting the Wnt signaling pathway to prevent and manage breast cancer. Still, more clinical studies are required to support their use in humans. Apart from the agents already in clinical trials, several drug combinations discussed may be translated into clinical practice in a few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezaree Raut
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Amisha Vora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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10
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Xia M, Zu X, Chen Z, Wen G, Zhong J. Noncoding RNAs in triple negative breast cancer: Mechanisms for chemoresistance. Cancer Lett 2021; 523:100-110. [PMID: 34601022 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype among breast cancers with high recurrence and this condition is partly due to chemoresistance. Therefore, fully understanding the mechanism of TNBC-resistance is the key to overcoming chemoresistance, which will be an effective strategy for TNBC therapy. Various potential mechanisms involved in the chemoresistance of TNBC have been investigated and indicated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) especially microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) take part in most TNBC resistance. The ncRNA-induced chemoresistance process is involved in the alteration of many activities. here, we mainly summarize the mechanisms of ncRNAs in the chemoresistance of TNBC and discuss the potential clinical application of ncRNAs in the treatment of TNBC, indicating that targeting ncRNAs might be a promising strategy for resensitization to chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China; Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Zuyao Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Gebo Wen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China; Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China; Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.
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11
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Garrido-Cano I, Pattanayak B, Adam-Artigues A, Lameirinhas A, Torres-Ruiz S, Tormo E, Cervera R, Eroles P. MicroRNAs as a clue to overcome breast cancer treatment resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 41:77-105. [PMID: 34524579 PMCID: PMC8924146 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09992-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women worldwide. Despite the improvement in diagnosis and treatments, the rates of cancer relapse and resistance to therapies remain higher than desirable. Alterations in microRNAs have been linked to changes in critical processes related to cancer development and progression. Their involvement in resistance or sensitivity to breast cancer treatments has been documented by different in vivo and in vitro experiments. The most significant microRNAs implicated in modulating resistance to breast cancer therapies are summarized in this review. Resistance to therapy has been linked to cellular processes such as cell cycle, apoptosis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, stemness phenotype, or receptor signaling pathways, and the role of microRNAs in their regulation has already been described. The modulation of specific microRNAs may modify treatment response and improve survival rates and cancer patients' quality of life. As a result, a greater understanding of microRNAs, their targets, and the signaling pathways through which they act is needed. This information could be useful to design new therapeutic strategies, to reduce resistance to the available treatments, and to open the door to possible new clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Lameirinhas
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Tormo
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research On Cancer, CIBERONC-ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Eroles
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010, Valencia, Spain. .,Center for Biomedical Network Research On Cancer, CIBERONC-ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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12
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Design and Synthesis of a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Targeting β-catenin in Human Breast Cancer Cell lines. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Tian S, Liu Z, Zhou Q, Wu R, Huang X, Liang Z, Zhang Z, Tian X. Upregulation of MiR-340-5p Reverses Cisplatin Sensitivity by Inhibiting the Expression of CDK6 in HepG2 Cells. Folia Biol (Praha) 2021. [DOI: 10.3409/fb_69-2.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) has been successfully used in chemotherapy for liver cancer. However, the development of CDDP resistance in HepG2 cells usually leads to relapse and a worsening prognosis. MiR-340-5p has attracted much attention because of its ability to affect cell resistance. This
project is intended to explore the role of miR-340-5p and CDK6 in CDDP-R HepG2 cells and provide new ideas for the treatment of liver cancer. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the targeting relationship between miR-340-5p and CDK6. We constructed a CDDP-resistant model of
HepG2 cells to examine the effect of miR-340-5p on the drug sensitivity of HepG2 cells. CDDP-R HepG2 cells were transfected with miR-340-5p overexpression plasmid and CDK6 silencing plasmid. QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-340-5p and CDK6. A western blot was performed to determine
the expression of CDK6, CyclinD1, and CyclinD2. CCK-8, flow cytometry, TUNEL and Clonogenic assays were also carried out to detect CDDP-R HepG2 cells. There is a targeting relationship between miR-340-5p and CDK6. The drug resistance of CDDP-R HepG2 cells was significantly higher than that
of CDDP-S HepG2 cells. CDDP-R HepG2 cells transfected with both miR-340-5p overexpressing plasmid and CDK6 silencing plasmid showed a lower proliferation ability, cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and lower drug resistance compared with single CDDP-R HepG2 cells. Overexpression of miR-340-5p
aggravated CDDP-R HepG2 cells' apoptosis and inhibited cell viability. Overexpression of miR-340-5p could reverse the sensitivity of HepG2 cells to CDDP by inhibiting the expression of CDK6 in HepG2 cells.
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14
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Cheng Z, Ni Q, Qin L, Shi Y. MicroRNA-92b augments sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via targeting PTEN to activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Braz J Med Biol Res 2021; 54:e10390. [PMID: 34076140 PMCID: PMC8186377 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2020e10390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib (SOR) resistance is still a significant challenge for the effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The mechanism of sorafenib resistance remains unclear. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as playing a role in impairing the sensitivity of tumor cells to treatment. We examined the mechanism behind the role of miR-92b in mediating sorafenib resistance in HCC cells. We detected that miR-92b expression was significantly upregulated in SOR-resistant HepG2/SOR cells compared to parental HepG2/WT cells. After transfection with miR-92b inhibitor, the proliferation of HepG2/SOR cells was remarkably weakened and rates of apoptosis significantly increased. PTEN was considered to be a functional target of miR-92b according to a luciferase reporter assay. Knockdown of PTEN significantly impaired the ability of miR-92b inhibitor on increasing sorafenib sensitivity of HepG2/SOR cells. Furthermore, we confirmed by western blotting and immunofluorescence that miR-92b can mediate sorafenib resistance by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in HCC cells by directly targeting PTEN. These findings further validate the mechanism of miR-92b in SOR resistance in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China
| | - Qingfeng Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China
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15
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Zhang J, Jin S, Xiao W, Zhu X, Jia C, Lin Z. Long noncoding RNA LINC00641 promotes renal cell carcinoma progression via sponging microRNA-340-5p. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:210. [PMID: 33853611 PMCID: PMC8048250 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01895-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidences have revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have played critical roles in tumor occurrence and progression. LINC00641 has been reported to be involved in the initiation and development of several cancers in the recent years. However, the detailed biological role of LINC00641 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains largely unclear. METHODS In this study, the expression and biological function of LINC00641 were assessed in renal carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo. Cell proliferation, migration and colony formation assay were performed to explore the effect of LINC00641on growth, progression and invasion of RCC cell. qRT-PCR, flow cytometry and luciferase reporter assay and in vivo tumorigenicity assay were also carried out. RESULTS The expression of LINC00641 was overexpressed in RCC tissues and cell lines, and high LINC00641 expression was correlated with tumor-node-metastasis stage. Furthermore, Silencing of LINC00641 remarkably inhibited the ability of cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasive capacities, as well as increasing the apoptotic rates of RCC cells in vitro. Mechanistically, miR-340-5p was validated to be targeted by LINC00641 and knockdown of miR-340-5p counteracted LINC00641 silencing-mediated inhibition of RCC progression. In addition, in vivo experiment confirmed the findings discovered in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that LINC00641 promoted the progression of RCC by sponging miR-340-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Shengming Jin
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuchao Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyou Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongming Lin
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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16
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Fang L, Xu X, Zheng W, Wu L, Wan H. The expression of microRNA-340 and cyclin D1 and its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung cancer. Asian J Surg 2021; 44:1363-1369. [PMID: 33714676 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the expression of microribonucleic acid-340 (miR-340) and cyclin D1 (CCND1) in lung cancer (LC) tissues and its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of LC. METHODS Cancer tissues and paracancerous normal lung tissues of 65 patients with LC admitted to our hospital from January 2014 to March 2015 were included as the LC group, and the paracancerous group, respectively. RESULTS The relative expression levels of miR-340 mRNA and miR-340 protein in the LC group were lower than those in the paracancerous group, while the relative expression levels of CCND1 mRNA and CCND1 protein in the LC group were higher than those in the paracancerous group (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis results showed that the mRNA and protein expression of both miR-340 and CCND1 in LC tissues was negatively correlated (r < 0, P < 0.05).The high expression rate (HER) of miR-340 and high expression rate (PER) of CCND1 were related to the tumor size, lymph node metastasis, TNM staging, and degree of differentiation (P < 0.05). The patients with high expression (HE) of miR-340 showed increased 5-year SR compared with the patients with low expression of miR-340, and that of patients positive for CCND1 was lower than that of the patients negative for CCND1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION miR-340 was downregulated, whereas CCND1 was upregulated in LC tissues, and the expression levels of the two genes were closely related to the prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou, Zhejiang, 324003, China.
| | - Xiuping Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou, Zhejiang, 324003, China.
| | - Wenyan Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou, Zhejiang, 324003, China.
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou, Zhejiang, 324003, China.
| | - Haijun Wan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, 324000, China.
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17
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Khodadadian A, Varghaiyan Y, Babakhanzadeh E, Alipourfard I, Haghi-Daredeh S, Ghobadi A, Hemmati-Dinarvand M, Talebi M, Ghasemi N. Fertility preservation in women with ovarian cancer: Finding new pathways: A case-control study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2021; 19:157-166. [PMID: 33718760 PMCID: PMC7922293 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i2.8474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Surgery and chemotherapy are the two most common treatments for cancers, including ovarian cancer. Although most ovarian cancers occur over the age of 45 yr, it may involve younger women and affect their reproductive ability. Objective To assess the expression of Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1), and miR-340 genes in the ovarian cancer tissues as well as ovarian cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, 30 ovarian cancer samples (with the average age of 37 ± 2.5 years) coupled with their non-tumor marginal tissue (as a control) were collected. Proliferated cell lines were treated with several concentrations of cisplatin, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of cisplatin was quantified by MTT-assay. After RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis and qRT-PCR were done. Finally, the results were analyzed. Results While the expression levels of miR-340 and FOXO1 genes in tumor samples displayed a significant reduction (p ≤ 0.001), the LGR5 gene presented a significant increase in expression (p ≤ 0.0001). However, conversely, the expression levels of miR-340 and FOXO1 genes in cisplatin-sensitive cell lines, after 24, 48, and 72 hr of cisplatin treatment, indicated a significant increase (p ≤ 0.001) while the expression of LGR5 gene showed a significant decrease in the cisplatin-sensitive cell line (p < 0.05). Conclusion The LGR5, FOXO1, and miR-340 genes can be targeted for early diagnosis and more accurate treatment of ovarian cancer and may prevent some of the ovarian cancer complications such as infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khodadadian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Yasser Varghaiyan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Emad Babakhanzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Saeed Haghi-Daredeh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Amin Ghobadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hemmati-Dinarvand
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ghasemi
- Abortion Research Centre, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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18
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Yue M, Yun Z, Li S, Yan G, Kang Z. NEDD4 triggers FOXA1 ubiquitination and promotes colon cancer progression under microRNA-340-5p suppression and ATF1 upregulation. RNA Biol 2021; 18:1981-1995. [PMID: 33530829 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1885232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NEDD4 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that recognizes substrates through protein-protein interactions and is involved in cancer development. This study aimed to elucidate the function of NEDD4 in colon cancer (CC) progression and its mechanism of action. NEDD4 was abundantly expressed in CC tissues and cells, and the overexpression of NEDD4 promoted the growth and metastasis of xenograft tumours as well as the tumorigenesis rate of primary CC in mouse models. In in vitro experiments, the silencing (or upregulation) of NEDD4 inhibited (or increased) the viability, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of CC cells. The binding relationships between NEDD4 and FOXA1, FOXA1 and microRNA (miRNA)-340-5p, and miR-340-5p and ATF1 were validated by Co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays, and NEDD4 was demonstrated to trigger FOXA1 ubiquitination and degradation. FOXA1 transcriptionally activated miR-340-5p, which subsequently bound to ATF1 mRNA. The upregulation of FOXA1 or miR-340-5p or the downregulation of ATF1 blocked certain functions of NEDD4 in CC cells. Altogether, NEDD4 was demonstrated to trigger FOXA1 ubiquitination and promote CC progression under the involvement of microRNA-340-5p suppression and ATF1 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yue
- Department of Colorecal & Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Zhennan Yun
- Department of Colorecal & Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Shiquan Li
- Department of Colorecal & Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Yan
- Department of Colorecal & Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Kang
- Department of Colorecal & Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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19
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Huang Z, Xu Y, Wan M, Zeng X, Wu J. miR-340: A multifunctional role in human malignant diseases. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:236-246. [PMID: 33390846 PMCID: PMC7757049 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.51123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides in length, which function by binding to the 3' UTR sequences of their target mRNAs. It has been reported that dysregulated miRNAs play pivotal roles in numerous diseases, including cancers, such as gastric, breast, colorectal, ovarian, and other cancers. Recent research efforts have been devoted to translating these basic discoveries into clinical applications that could improve the therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer. Early studies have shown that miR-340 may act either as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor by targeting genes related to proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis, as well as those associated with diagnosis, treatment, chemoresistance, and prognosis. miR-340 has been shown to have a role in other diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, acute stroke, and alcoholic steatohepatitis. Nevertheless, the roles of miR-340 in human malignancies are still unclear, and the associated mechanisms are complex, involving a variety of signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin and the JAK-STAT pathways. Herein, we review the crucial roles of miR-340 in human cancers through the analysis of the latest research studies, with the aim of clarifying miR-340 function in malignant disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, and to propose further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, P.R. China
| | - Yesha Xu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Maoping Wan
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xixi Zeng
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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20
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Zhang G, Song W. Long non-coding RNA LSINCT5 inactivates Wnt/β-catenin pathway to regulate MCF-7 cell proliferation and motility through targeting the miR-30a. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1635. [PMID: 33490147 PMCID: PMC7812233 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor among women. Earlier studies showed that long stress-induced non-coding transcript 5 (LSINCT5) was implicated in BC. However, the potential mechanisms of LSINCT5 in BC is still elusive. Methods Relative expression of LSINCT5 in BC tissues and cells were quantified by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). shRNA was employed to specifically knockdown endogenous LSINCT5 in BC cells. Cell growth and invasion activity of BC cells was assessed by colony formation and transwell migration assay, respectively. The association between LSINCT5 and miR-30a was conducted by luciferase reporter assay. Subcutaneous injection of sh-LSINCT5 transfected MCF-7 cells into the ventral regions of mice to form tumors. Mice were divided into three groups (n=10): control group, sh-NC group, sh-LSINCT5 group (sh-NC or sh-LSINCT5 transfected MCF-7 cells injected into mice). Tumor weight was checked after 30 days post-injection. Results LSINCT5 was significantly up-regulated in BC tissues and cells. LSINCT5 knockdown suppressed proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and in vivo. LSINCT5 acted as a sponge molecule and targeted miR-30a in BC cells. Further mechanistic study exhibited that overexpression of LSINCT5 promoted the expression of Wnt/β-catenin-related proteins (β-catenin, TCF4, and c-Myc). In vivo, xenograft nude mice experiment indicated sh-LSINCT5 inhibited tumor growth and motility by targeting miR-30a through modulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Conclusions The present results uncovered that LSINCT5 knockdown suppressed BC growth and metastasis via the miR-30a/Wnt/β-catenin axis, and it served as a potential therapeutic target for early diagnosis and treatment of BC patients..
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhi Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenbo Song
- Department of Oncology, Jiangdu People's Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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21
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Wong JS, Cheah YK. Potential miRNAs for miRNA-Based Therapeutics in Breast Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:E29. [PMID: 32668603 PMCID: PMC7549352 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that can post-transcriptionally regulate the genes involved in critical cellular processes. The aberrant expressions of oncogenic or tumor suppressor miRNAs have been associated with cancer progression and malignancies. This resulted in the dysregulation of signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis and survival, metastasis, cancer recurrence and chemoresistance. In this review, we will first (i) provide an overview of the miRNA biogenesis pathways, and in vitro and in vivo models for research, (ii) summarize the most recent findings on the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) that could potentially be used for miRNA-based therapy in the treatment of breast cancer and (iii) discuss the various therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sheng Wong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
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22
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Comprehensive Study of Different Expressed Genes and Their Functional Modules in Anesthesia for Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8062902. [PMID: 32695821 PMCID: PMC7361873 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8062902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The effect of preoperative anesthesia on coronary artery bypass grafting without extracorporeal circulation is not apparent. We want to investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of two anesthesia methods on the treatment of coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) under extracorporeal circulation. Patients and Methods. The data of inhaled anesthesia and intravenous anesthesia before coronary artery bypass grafting were downloaded from the GEO database, and the differences were analyzed with the control group. The combination of multiple analytical methods can decipher the mechanism of anesthesia on surgery, including protein interaction network analysis, enrichment analysis, and regulatory subprediction. Results This study obtained 6699 differential genes under two kinds of anesthesia before OPCABG. By constructing a protein interaction network of differentially expressed genes, we obtained 14 functional module networks. By predicting regulators of functional module genes, we revealed a series of ncRNAs (miR-129-5p, miR-340-5p, and miR-410-3p) and transcription factors (VHL and YBX1). Conclusion Based on functional module network analysis, we identified the effects of preoperative inhalation anesthesia and intravenous anesthesia on OPCABG, which provides a valuable theoretical reference for subsequent clinical studies.
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23
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Hagerling C, Owyong M, Sitarama V, Wang CY, Lin C, van den Bijgaart RJE, Koopman CD, Brenot A, Nanjaraj A, Wärnberg F, Jirström K, Klein OD, Werb Z, Plaks V. LGR5 in breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ: a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:542. [PMID: 32522170 PMCID: PMC7285764 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06986-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel biomarkers are required to discern between breast tumors that should be targeted for treatment from those that would never become clinically apparent and/or life threatening for patients. Moreover, therapeutics that specifically target breast cancer (BC) cells with tumor-initiating capacity to prevent recurrence are an unmet need. We investigated the clinical importance of LGR5 in BC and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to explore LGR5 as a biomarker and a therapeutic target. METHODS We stained BC (n = 401) and DCIS (n = 119) tissue microarrays with an antibody against LGR5. We examined an LGR5 knockdown ER- cell line that was orthotopically transplanted and used for in vitro colony assays. We also determined the tumor-initiating role of Lgr5 in lineage-tracing experiments. Lastly, we transplanted ER- patient-derived xenografts into mice that were subsequently treated with a LGR5 antibody drug conjugate (anti-LGR5-ADC). RESULTS LGR5 expression correlated with small tumor size, lower grade, lymph node negativity, and ER-positivity. ER+ patients with LGR5high tumors rarely had recurrence, while high-grade ER- patients with LGR5high expression recurred and died due to BC more often. Intriguingly, all the DCIS patients who later died of BC had LGR5-positive tumors. Colony assays and xenograft experiments substantiated a role for LGR5 in ER- tumor initiation and subsequent growth, which was further validated by lineage-tracing experiments in ER- /triple-negative BC mouse models. Importantly, by utilizing LGR5high patient-derived xenografts, we showed that anti-LGR5-ADC should be considered as a therapeutic for high-grade ER- BC. CONCLUSION LGR5 has distinct roles in ER- vs. ER+ BC with potential clinical applicability as a biomarker to identify patients in need of therapy and could serve as a therapeutic target for high-grade ER- BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Hagerling
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA. .,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden. .,Present Address: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Mark Owyong
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA
| | - Vaishnavi Sitarama
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA
| | - Chih-Yang Wang
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Charlene Lin
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA
| | - Renske J E van den Bijgaart
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA.,Present Address: Radiotherapy and Oncoimmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 32, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Charlotte D Koopman
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA.,Present Address: Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Yalelaan 50, 3584CM, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Audrey Brenot
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA.,Present Address: ICCE Institute, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ankitha Nanjaraj
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA
| | - Fredrik Wärnberg
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Jirström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA.,Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Zena Werb
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA
| | - Vicki Plaks
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA. .,Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0452, USA.
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PNO1, which is negatively regulated by miR-340-5p, promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression through Notch signaling pathway. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:58. [PMID: 32483111 PMCID: PMC7264314 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-0241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that the hyperactivation of ribosome biogenesis plays essential roles in the initiation and progression of cancers. As a ribosome assembly factor, PNO1 plays an important role in ribosome biogenesis. However, little is known about the expression and function of PNO1 in human tumors. In our present study, we aimed to explore the functional roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms of PNO1 in human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Both bioinformatics databases and tumor tissues demonstrated that the expression of PNO1 in LUAD tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues and predicted poor survival in LUAD patients. In vitro and in vivo assays suggested that downregulation of PNO1 expression suppressed LUAD cell proliferation and invasion. Further studies found that miR-340-5p depressed PNO1 expression via direct binding to the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of PNO1. PNO1 expression was negatively correlated with miR-340-5p expression in LUAD cells and tissue samples. Moreover, upregulation or downregulation of miR-340-5p expression reversed the effects of PNO1 inhibition and overexpression, respectively. Meanwhile, downregulation of PNO1 inhibited Notch signaling pathway which modulated epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). These results indicate that PNO1, negatively regulated by miR-340-5p, played an important role in LUAD progression via Notch signaling pathway. The miR-340-5p/PNO1/Notch axis might be a potential target for individualized and precise treatment of LUAD patients in the future.
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25
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Li Y, Gu J, Ding Y, Gao H, Li Y, Sun Y, He M, Zhang W, Yin J, Bai C, Gao Y. A small molecule compound IX inhibits telomere and attenuates oncogenesis of drug-resistant leukemia cells. FASEB J 2020; 34:8843-8857. [PMID: 32433826 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902651rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a common obstacle in leukemia treatment and failing to eradicate leukemia stem cells is the main cause of leukemia relapse. Previous studies have demonstrated that telomerase activity is associated with deregulated self-renewal of leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Here, we identified a novel compound IX, an imatinib derivative with a replacement fragment of a telomerase inhibitor, which can effectively eradicate LSCs but had no influence on normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) survival. We showed that compound IX can decrease the viability of drug-resistant K562/G cells and blast crisis CML primary patient cells. Besides, IX can affect LSC survival, inhibit the colony-forming ability, and reduce LSC frequency. In vivo results showed that IX can relieve the tumor burden in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model and prolong the lifespan. We observed that compound IX can not only decrease telomerase activity, but also affect the alternative lengthening of telomeres. In addition, IX can inhibit both the canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways. Our data suggested this novel compound IX as a promising candidate for drug-resistant leukemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiali Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yahui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huier Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yafang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei He
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Cuigai Bai
- High-throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin International Joint Academy of BioMedicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yingdai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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26
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Wu Y, Tao L, Liang J, Qiao Y, Liu W, Yu H, Yu X, Liu L. miR-187-3p increases gemcitabine sensitivity in breast cancer cells by targeting FGF9 expression. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:952-960. [PMID: 32765654 PMCID: PMC7388565 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of malignancy in women, which remains a significant health concern worldwide. Gemcitabine is a frequently applied anticancer pharmacological agent. However, the efficacy of gemcitabine is limited by chemoresistance. In the present study, a combination of reverse transcription quantitative-PCR, cell viability, flow cytometry, luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis were performed to elucidate the potential effects of miR-187-3p on gemcitabine sensitivity in the breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. The results revealed that miR-187-3p was significantly decreased in the breast cancer tumor tissues. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-187-3p significantly inhibited cell viability and promoted apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, miR-187-3p overexpression enhanced the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of gemcitabine, indicating that miR-187-3p regulated gemcitabine sensitivity in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, miR-187-3p negatively regulated the expression of fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) by binding to its 3'-untranslated region. Overexpression of FGF9 reversed the aforementioned effects of miR-187-3p overexpression on cell viability and apoptosis in the presence of gemcitabine. In conclusion, the present study indicated that miR-187-3p increased gemcitabine sensitivity in breast cancer cells by targeting FGF9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Wu
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Li Tao
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Liang
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yashun Qiao
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Haina Yu
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Xinghui Yu
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Lanfang Liu
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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27
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Testa U, Castelli G, Pelosi E. Breast Cancer: A Molecularly Heterogenous Disease Needing Subtype-Specific Treatments. Med Sci (Basel) 2020; 8:E18. [PMID: 32210163 PMCID: PMC7151639 DOI: 10.3390/medsci8010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women. There were over two-million new cases in world in 2018. It is the second leading cause of death from cancer in western countries. At the molecular level, breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, which is characterized by high genomic instability evidenced by somatic gene mutations, copy number alterations, and chromosome structural rearrangements. The genomic instability is caused by defects in DNA damage repair, transcription, DNA replication, telomere maintenance and mitotic chromosome segregation. According to molecular features, breast cancers are subdivided in subtypes, according to activation of hormone receptors (estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor), of human epidermal growth factors receptor 2 (HER2), and or BRCA mutations. In-depth analyses of the molecular features of primary and metastatic breast cancer have shown the great heterogeneity of genetic alterations and their clonal evolution during disease development. These studies have contributed to identify a repertoire of numerous disease-causing genes that are altered through different mutational processes. While early-stage breast cancer is a curable disease in about 70% of patients, advanced breast cancer is largely incurable. However, molecular studies have contributed to develop new therapeutic approaches targeting HER2, CDK4/6, PI3K, or involving poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for BRCA mutation carriers and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Testa
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (E.P.)
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28
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Wang Q, Cao T, Guo K, Zhou Y, Liu H, Pan Y, Hou Q, Nie Y, Fan D, Lu Y, Zhao X. Regulation of Integrin Subunit Alpha 2 by miR-135b-5p Modulates Chemoresistance in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:308. [PMID: 32232000 PMCID: PMC7082357 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy has substantially improved gastric cancer (GC) patient outcomes in the past decades. However, the development of chemotherapy resistance has become the major cause of treatment failure. Although numerous molecules have been implicated in GC chemoresistance, its pathological mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we found that integrin subunit alpha 2 (ITGA2) is upregulated in chemoresistant GC cells and that increased ITGA2 levels correlated with the poor prognosis of GC patients who received chemotherapy. ITGA2 overexpression led to elevated chemotherapy resistance and drug-induced apoptosis inhibition in GC cells. ITGA2 knockdown resulted in restored chemosensitivity and increased apoptosis in chemoresistant GC cells both in vitro and in vivo. NanoString analysis revealed a unique signature of deregulated pathway expression in GC cells after ITGA2 silencing. The MAPK/ERK pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were found to be downregulated after ITGA2 knockdown. miR-135b-5p was identified as a direct upstream regulator of ITGA2. miR-135b-5p overexpression reduced chemoresistance and induced apoptosis in GC cells and attenuated ITGA2-induced chemoresistance and antiapoptotic effects by inhibiting MAPK signaling and EMT. In conclusion, this study underscored the role and mechanism of ITGA2 in GC and suggested the novel miR-135b-5p/ITGA2 axis as an epigenetic cause of chemoresistance with diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanan Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiuqiu Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaodi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
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29
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Hua B, Li Y, Yang X, Niu X, Zhao Y, Zhu X. MicroRNA-361-3p promotes human breast cancer cell viability by inhibiting the E2F1/P73 signalling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109994. [PMID: 32092817 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the microRNA (miRNA) expression signature of breast cancer based on RNA sequencing demonstrated that miR-361-3p was significantly upregulated in breast cancer tissues. miR-361-3p is a novel miRNA, and its role in breast cancer is currently unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the functions of miR-361-3p in breast carcinoma. In this study, it was observed that the expression of miR-361-3p in cancer tissues was significantly higher compared with that in para-cancerous tissues and was correlated with advanced TNM stage, Ki-67 overexpression and shorter disease-free survival. Overexpression of miR-361-3p promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Through RNA sequencing, multi-library retrieval, luciferase reporter assays, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, western blotting and other methods, it was verified that E2F1 was directly downregulated by miR-361-3p. The knockdown of E2F1 by siRNA promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis, similar to miR-361-3p. In addition, miR-361-3p was able to decrease the expression of P73 by targeting E2F1, whereas overexpression of P73 reversed the effect of miR-361-3p on the viability of breast cancer cell lines. Thus, the present study demonstrated that miR-361-3p acts as an oncomiR in breast cancer to promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis through inhibiting the P73 pathway by downregulating E2F1 expression, which may uncover valuable prognostic factors or treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hua
- Breast Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics National Health Commission, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Yao Li
- Breast Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics National Health Commission, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Xin Yang
- Breast Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics National Health Commission, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Xiaojuan Niu
- Breast Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics National Health Commission, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Yanyang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics National Health Commission, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Xiaoquan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics National Health Commission, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
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30
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Han L, Dai S, Li Z, Zhang C, Wei S, Zhao R, Zhang H, Zhao L, Shan B. Combination of the natural compound Periplocin and TRAIL induce esophageal squamous cell carcinoma apoptosis in vitro and in vivo: Implication in anticancer therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:501. [PMID: 31864387 PMCID: PMC6925860 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1498-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. With currently available therapies, only 20% ~ 30% patients can survive this disease for more than 5 years. TRAIL, a natural ligand for death receptors that can induce the apoptosis of cancer cells, has been explored as a therapeutic agent for cancers, but it has been reported that many cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL, limiting the potential clinical use of TRAIL as a cancer therapy. Meanwhile, Periplocin (CPP), a natural compound from dry root of Periploca sepium Bge, has been studied for its anti-cancer activity in a variety of cancers. It is not clear whether CPP and TRAIL can have activity on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells, or whether the combination of these two agents can have synergistic activity. METHODS We used MTS assay, flow cytometry and TUNEL assay to detect the effects of CPP alone or in combination with TRAIL on ESCC cells. The mechanism of CPP enhances the activity of TRAIL was analyzed by western blot, dual luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. The anti-tumor effects and the potential toxic side effects of CPP alone or in combination with TRAIL were also evaluated in vivo. RESULTS In our studies, we found that CPP alone or in combination with TRAIL could inhibit the proliferation of ESCC cells and induce apoptosis, and we certificated that combination of two agents exert synergized functions. For the first time, we identified FoxP3 as a key transcriptional repressor for both DR4 and DR5. By down-regulating FoxP3, CPP increases the expression of DR4/DR5 and renders ESCC cells much more sensitive to TRAIL. We also showed that CPP reduced the expression of Survivin by inhibiting the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. All these contributed to synergistic activity of CPP and TRAIL on ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that CPP and TRAIL could be further explored as potential therapeutic approach for esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujuan Han
- Research Centre, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12# Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Suli Dai
- Research Centre, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12# Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Zhirong Li
- Research Centre, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12# Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Research Centre, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12# Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Sisi Wei
- Research Centre, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12# Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Ruinian Zhao
- Research Centre, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12# Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lianmei Zhao
- Research Centre, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12# Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Centre, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12# Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
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31
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Zhang HH, Li R, Li YJ, Yu XX, Sun QN, Li AY, Kong Y. eIF4E‑related miR‑320a and miR‑340‑5p inhibit endometrial carcinoma cell metastatic capability by preventing TGF‑β1‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Oncol Rep 2019; 43:447-460. [PMID: 31894279 PMCID: PMC6967095 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common form of cancer in women. Metastasis is the main cause of EC treatment failure. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is an oncogene that is overexpressed in a variety of malignancies and their distant metastases. The present study analyzed microarray data from the Oncomine database and revealed that high eIF4E expression was associated with poor prognosis and high pathological grade of EC. The expression of eIF4E was higher in EC tissues compared with in adjacent normal tissues. In addition, microRNA (miR)-320a and miR-340-5p expression levels were downregulated in EC tissues compared with those in adjacent normal tissues, which suggested that these microRNAs may serve as EC tumor suppressor genes. miR-320a and miR-340-5p could bind to the 3′-UTR of eIF4E mRNA, thus downregulating the expression of eIF4E and phosphorylated (p)-eIF4E in EC cells. Overexpression of miR-320a or miR-340-5p effectively suppressed HEC-1A cell migration and invasion. The downregulation of eIF4E and p-eIF4E following miR-320a or miR-340-5p transfection reduced the invasiveness and metastatic capability of EC cells in a manner associated with decreased expression of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-3 and MMP-9. In addition, one of the effects of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), which is to induce the phosphorylation of eIF4E, was suppressed by miR-320a and miR-340-5p overexpression. These two microRNAs also attenuated the features of TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that eIF4E was upregulated in EC, whereas miR-320a and miR-340-5p were downregulated in EC compared with adjacent normal tissues. In vitro, miR-320a and miR-340-5p inhibited the migratory capability of EC cells by downregulating MMP-3 and MMP-9 and prevented TGF-β1-induced EMT through p-eIF4E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Han Zhang
- Core Laboratory Glycobiol and Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, P.R. China
| | - You-Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Xin Yu
- Core Laboratory Glycobiol and Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Nan Sun
- Core Laboratory Glycobiol and Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Ao-Ying Li
- Core Laboratory Glycobiol and Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Ying Kong
- Core Laboratory Glycobiol and Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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Rahman MM, Brane AC, Tollefsbol TO. MicroRNAs and Epigenetics Strategies to Reverse Breast Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101214. [PMID: 31597272 PMCID: PMC6829616 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a sporadic disease with genetic and epigenetic components. Genomic instability in breast cancer leads to mutations, copy number variations, and genetic rearrangements, while epigenetic remodeling involves alteration by DNA methylation, histone modification and microRNAs (miRNAs) of gene expression profiles. The accrued scientific findings strongly suggest epigenetic dysregulation in breast cancer pathogenesis though genomic instability is central to breast cancer hallmarks. Being reversible and plastic, epigenetic processes appear more amenable toward therapeutic intervention than the more unidirectional genetic alterations. In this review, we discuss the epigenetic reprogramming associated with breast cancer such as shuffling of DNA methylation, histone acetylation, histone methylation, and miRNAs expression profiles. As part of this, we illustrate how epigenetic instability orchestrates the attainment of cancer hallmarks which stimulate the neoplastic transformation-tumorigenesis-malignancy cascades. As reversibility of epigenetic controls is a promising feature to optimize for devising novel therapeutic approaches, we also focus on the strategies for restoring the epistate that favor improved disease outcome and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mijanur Rahman
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Andrew C Brane
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1802 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1675 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1825 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Xu L, Lin W, Wen L, Li G. Lgr5 in cancer biology: functional identification of Lgr5 in cancer progression and potential opportunities for novel therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:219. [PMID: 31358061 PMCID: PMC6664754 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading lethal diseases worldwide. Identifying biomarkers of cancers might provide insights into the strategies for the development of novel targeted anti-cancer therapies. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) has been recently discovered as a candidate marker of cancer stem cell populations. Aberrant increased expression of Lgr5 may represent one of the most common molecular alterations in some human cancers, leading to long-term potentiation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. On the other hand, however, Lgr5-mediated suppression in canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling has also been reported in certain cancers, such as B cell malignancies. Until now, therapeutic approaches targeting Lgr5-associated signaling axis are not yet clinically available. Increasing evidence have indicated that endogenous Lgr5+ cell population is implicated in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. This review is to summarize our current knowledge about the importance of Lgr5 in cancer biology and the underlying molecular mechanisms of Lgr5-mediated tumor-promoting/suppressive activities, as well as potentially useful preventive strategies in treating tumor. Therefore, targeted therapeutic modulation of Lgr5+ cancer cell population by targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling through targeted drug delivery system or targeted genome editing might be promising for potential novel anti-cancer treatments. Simultaneously, combination of therapeutics targeting both Lgr5+ and Lgr5- cancer cells may deserve further consideration considering the plasticity of cancer cells. Also, a more specific targeting of cancer cells using double biomarkers may be much safer and more effective for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiping Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR PRC
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR PRC
| | - Longping Wen
- Nanobio Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR PRC
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR PRC
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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Yang S, Gu Y, Wang G, Hu Q, Chen S, Wang Y, Zhao M. HMGA2 regulates acute myeloid leukemia progression and sensitivity to daunorubicin via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:427-436. [PMID: 31173171 PMCID: PMC6605696 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease with an increasing prevalence in adults and children. However, valuable molecular diagnostic research is rare. In the present study, plasmids silencing and overexpressing high‑mobility group AT‑hook 2 (HMGA2) were respectively transfected in HL60 and NB4 cells. The effects of HMGA2 on AML cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion were determined by preforming MTT, flow cytometry, wound scratch and Transwell assays, respectively. Genes associated with apoptosis and Wnt signaling were evaluated by reverse transcription‑quantitative (RT‑q)‑PCR and western blotting. AML cell sensitivity to daunorubicin (DNR) and the regulatory effects of the Wnt signaling pathway via HMGA2 following treatment with the agonist LiCl or antagonist XAV939 were detected by MTT, RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis. The results revealed that the expression of HMGA2 was elevated more so in HL60, KG1, U937, Kasumi‑1, THP‑1 and K562 cells than in NB4 cells. Silencing HMGA2 suppressed cell viability, migration and invasion, enhanced cell apoptosis and sensitivity to DNR, and almost restored the DNR inhibitory function that was promoted by LiCl treatment. In addition, low expression of HMGA2 attenuated X‑linked inhibitor of apoptosis and Bcl‑2 mRNA and protein levels, and upregulated the expression of Bax and cleaved‑caspase‑3. Furthermore, silencing HMGA2 not only decreased Wnt and non‑phospho‑β‑catenin expressions, but also partially reversed the increased expressions of these proteins induced by LiCl treatment. On the other hand, overexpression of HMGA2 exhibited the opposite results after transfection in NB4 cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that HMGA2 played important roles in driving AML progression and chemosensitivity in HL60 and NB4 cells, potentially by activating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, it was suggested that HMGA2 may be a promising molecular marker for AML diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- First Center Clinic College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Yueli Gu
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Genjie Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Qingzhu Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Shuxia Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Mingfeng Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
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Huang Z, Li Q, Luo K, Zhang Q, Geng J, Zhou X, Xu Y, Qian M, Zhang JA, Ji L, Wu J. miR-340-FHL2 axis inhibits cell growth and metastasis in ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:372. [PMID: 31068580 PMCID: PMC6506554 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although increasing evidence indicated that deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributed to tumor initiation and progression, but little is known about the biological role of miR-340 in ovarian cancer (OC). In this study, we found that miR-340 expression was downregulated in OC tissues compared with its expression in normal ovarian epithelium and endometrium, and treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) or trichostatin A (TSA) increased miR-340 expression in OC cells. In addition, ectopic miR-340 expression inhibited OC cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Four and a half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2) was confirmed as a direct target of miR-340 and silencing FHL2 mimicked the effects of miR-340 in OC cells. Further mechanistic study showed that miR-340 inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by targeting FHL2, as well as downstream cell cycle and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signals in OC cells. Moreover, the greatest association between miR-340 and FHL2 was found in 481 ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma tissues via pan-cancer analysis. Finally, we revealed that lower miR-340 or higher FHL2 was associated with poor OC patient outcomes. Our findings indicate that the miR-340-FHL2 axis regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and is involved in tumorigenesis in OC. Therefore, manipulating the expression of miR-340 or its target genes is a potential strategy in OC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qiuxia Li
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Kaili Luo
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qinkai Zhang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Geng
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xunzhu Zhou
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yesha Xu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Mengyao Qian
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jian-An Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Liying Ji
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
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Kim EN, Kim CJ, Kim SR, Song JA, Choe H, Kim KB, Choi JS, Oh SJ. High serum CRP influences myocardial miRNA profiles in ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat heart. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216610. [PMID: 31063484 PMCID: PMC6504103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Prognosis of myocardial infarction tends to be worse when serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level is high. miRNAs are also known to be involved in different pathogeneses of heart diseases such as myocardial infarction. However, how CRP is involved in myocardial infarction has not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that serum CRP changes the miRNA profile during ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of the myocardium. To confirm this hypothesis, we performed global miRNA expression profiling of myocardium using IRI and CRP infusion rat model. Methods After ligation of the coronary artery of rat hearts, human serum CRP was intravenously injected, and reperfusion was performed (I/R+CRP group, n = 6). Control group consisted of the sham group (n = 3), IV CRP infusion group (CRP only, n = 3), and the I/R-only group (I/R only, n = 5). We evaluated 423 miRNA expression in non-ischemic areas and areas at risk (AAR) of each group using NanoString nCounter miRNA expression assay. Results MiR-124 was downregulated in non-ischemic myocardium in CRP-only group. In AAR, 7 miRNAs were commonly upregulated in both I/R-only and I/R+CRP groups. And additional 6 miRNAs were upregulated in the I/R+CRP group (miR-33, miR-409-3p, miR-384-3p, miR-3562, miR-101a, and miR-340-5p). Similarly, in the non-ischemic areas, 6 miRNAs were commonly upregulated in both I/R-only and I/R+CRP groups, and additional 5 miRNAs changed in the I/R+CRP group (upregulation of miR-3559-5p, miR-499, and miR-21 and downregulation of miR-500 and miR-532-3p). Conclusion We showed that when serum CRP level is high, IRI results in multiple miRNA profile changes not only in ischemic areas but also in non-ischemic myocardium. Our results may provide a strong basis for studying the role of CRP and miRNAs in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Na Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Asan Laboratory of Perinatal Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Asan Laboratory of Perinatal Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Ra Kim
- Asan Laboratory of Perinatal Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-A. Song
- Department of Physiology, Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Choe
- Department of Physiology, Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Choi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Oh
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Self-renewal signaling pathways in breast cancer stem cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 107:140-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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