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D'Agostino EM, Zhao AY, Zewdie HY, Ogletree SS, Messiah SE, Armstrong SC, Skinner AC, Hipp JA, Day SE, Konty KJ, Neshteruk CD. Associations Between Neighborhood Opportunity and Indicators of Physical Fitness for New York City Public School Youth. Child Obes 2024; 20:328-335. [PMID: 37831961 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2023.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Fewer than 1/4th of US children and adolescents meet physical activity (PA) guidelines, leading to health disparities that track into adulthood. Neighborhood opportunity may serve as a critical modifiable factor to improve fitness attainment and reduce these disparities. We drew data from the Child Opportunity Index to examine associations between neighborhood indicators of opportunity for PA and multiple fitness indicators among New York City public school youth. Methods: Multilevel generalized linear mixed models were used to estimate the overall and sex-stratified associations between neighborhood indicators (green space, healthy food, walkability, commute time) and indicators for physical fitness [curl-ups, push-ups, Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER), sit-and-reach] using the New York City FITNESSGRAM data set. Results: The analytic sample [n = 299,839; median (interquartile range) age = 16 (12-17)] was 50.1% female, 37.5% Hispanic, 26.2% non-Hispanic Black, and most (69.5%) qualified for free/reduced price school meals. Neighborhood indicators were positively associated with higher values of indicators for physical fitness. The strongest associations were observed between walkability and both BMI and PACER, and commute time with BMI, push-ups, and PACER. For example, walkability had the greatest magnitude of effects for BMI and muscular strength and endurance (BMI: β: -0.75, 95% confidence interval, CI: -1.01 to -0.49; PACER: β: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.59 to 2.37), and particularly for girls compared with boys (BMI, girls: β: -0.91, 95% CI: -1.22 to -0.66); BMI, boys: β: -0.56, 95% CI: -0.86 to -0.25); PACER, girls: β: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.68 to 2.54; push-ups, boys: β: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.31 to 2.12). Conclusion: Neighborhood indicators were associated with multiple measures of youth fitness. Continued research on neighborhood opportunity and youth fitness may better inform place-based public health interventions to reduce disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M D'Agostino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy Y Zhao
- Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hiwot Y Zewdie
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S Scott Ogletree
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, Recreation, and Tourism Management, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sarah E Messiah
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Pediatric Population Health, Children's Health System of Texas and UTHealth School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sarah C Armstrong
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Asheley C Skinner
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - J Aaron Hipp
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, Recreation, and Tourism Management, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sophia E Day
- NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Office of School Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin J Konty
- NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Office of School Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cody D Neshteruk
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Qiu Y, Liao K, Zou Y, Huang G. A Bibliometric Analysis on Research Regarding Residential Segregation and Health Based on CiteSpace. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10069. [PMID: 36011701 PMCID: PMC9408714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Considerable scholarly attention has been directed to the adverse health effects caused by residential segregation. We aimed to visualize the state-of-the-art residential segregation and health research to provide a reference for follow-up studies. Employing the CiteSpace software, we uncovered popular themes, research hotspots, and frontiers based on an analysis of 1211 English-language publications, including articles and reviews retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database from 1998 to 2022. The results revealed: (1) The Social Science & Medicine journal has published the most studies. Roland J. Thorpe, Thomas A. LaVeist, Darrell J. Gaskin, David R. Williams, and others are the leading scholars in residential segregation and health research. The University of Michigan, Columbia University, Harvard University, the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, and the University of North Carolina play the most important role in current research. The U.S. is the main publishing country with significant academic influence. (2) Structural racism, COVID-19, mortality, multilevel modelling, and environmental justice are the top five topic clusters. (3) The research frontier of residential segregation and health has significantly shifted from focusing on community, poverty, infant mortality, and social class to residential environmental exposure, structural racism, and health care. We recommend strengthening comparative research on the health-related effects of residential segregation on minority groups in different socio-economic and cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Qiu
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Kaihuai Liao
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yanting Zou
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Gengzhi Huang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Zewdie H, Zhao AY, Patel HH, Hansen E, Messiah SE, Armstrong SC, Skinner AC, Neshteruk CD, Hipp JA, D'Agostino EM. The association between neighborhood quality, youth physical fitness, and modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors. Ann Epidemiol 2021; 57:30-39. [PMID: 33596444 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Striking disparities persist in cardiovascular disease risk factors among minority youth. We examined the association between multiple indicators of neighborhood quality and minority youth fitness. METHODS The primary exposure was the Child Opportunity Index (COI), a measure comprised of indicators that facilitate healthy child development. Outcome data were drawn from the 2018-2019 Fit2Play Study (Miami-Dade County, FL). Hotspot analysis evaluated COI spatial clustering. Generalized linear mixed models examined cross-sectional COI-fitness associations. RESULTS The sample included 725 youth (53% Black, 43% Hispanic; 5-17 years). Significant neighborhood quality spatial clusters were identified (Gi*z-score = -4.85 to 5.36). Adjusting for sociodemographics, walkability was associated with lower percentiles in body mass index (BMI) and diastolic blood pressure percentiles (DBP) (β = -5.25, 95% CI: -8.88, -1.62 and β = -3.95, 95% CI: -7.02, -0.89, respectively) for all, lower skinfold thickness (β = -4.83, 95% CI: -9.97, 0.31 and higher sit-ups (β = 1.67, 95% CI: -0.17, 3.50) among girls, and lower systolic blood pressure percentiles (SBP) (β = -4.75, 95% CI: -8.99, -0.52) among boys. Greenspace was associated with higher BMI (β = 6.17, 95% CI: 2.47, 9.87), SBP (β = 3.47, 95% CI: -0.05, 6.99), and DBP (β = 4.11, 95% CI: 1.08, 7.13). CONCLUSIONS COI indicators were positively associated with youth fitness. Disparities in youth cardiovascular disease risk may be modifiable through community interventions and built environment initiatives targeting select neighborhood factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiwot Zewdie
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Amy Y Zhao
- Trinity College of Arts & Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Hersila H Patel
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, FL
| | - Eric Hansen
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, FL
| | - Sarah E Messiah
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Sarah C Armstrong
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Asheley C Skinner
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Cody D Neshteruk
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - J Aaron Hipp
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, NC State University, Raleigh, NC; Center for Geospatial Analytics, NC State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Emily M D'Agostino
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
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