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Drapeau HF, Singh P, Benyaminov F, Wright K, Spence JC, Nuzhat S, Walsh A, Islam K, Azarm Z, Lee KK. Meteorological gaps in audits of pedestrian environments: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2010. [PMID: 39068394 PMCID: PMC11282675 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19441-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weather and season are determinants of physical activity. Therefore, it is important to ensure built environments are designed to mitigate negative impacts of weather and season on pedestrians to prevent these losses. This scoping review aims to identify built environment audits of pedestrian environments developed for use during a specific weather condition or season. Secondly, this review aims to investigate gaps in the inclusion of relevant weather mitigating built environment features in pedestrian environment audit tools. METHODS Following a standard protocol, a systematic search was executed in CINAHL, Medline and Web of Science to identify built environment audit tools of pedestrian spaces. These databases were chosen since they are well-known to comprehensively cover health as well as multi-disciplinary research publications relevant to health. Studies were screened, and data were extracted from selected documents by two independent reviewers (e.g., psychometric properties and audit items included). Audit items were screened for the inclusion of weather mitigating built environment features, and the tool's capacity to measure temperature, precipitation, seasonal and sustainability impacts on pedestrians was calculated. RESULTS The search returned 2823 documents. After screening and full text review, 27 articles were included. No tool was found that was developed specifically for use during a specific weather condition or season. Additionally, gaps in the inclusion of weather mitigating items were found for all review dimensions (thermal comfort, precipitation, seasonal, and sustainability items). Poorly covered items were: (1) thermal comfort related (arctic entry presence, materials, textures, and colours of buildings, roads, sidewalk and furniture, and green design features); (2) precipitation related (drain presence, ditch presence, hazards, and snow removal features); (3) seasonal features (amenities, pedestrian scale lighting, and winter destinations and aesthetics); and (4) sustainability features (electric vehicle charging stations, renewable energy, car share, and bike share facilities). CONCLUSIONS Current built environment audit tools do not adequately include weather / season mitigating items. This is a limitation as it is important to investigate if the inclusion of these items in pedestrian spaces can promote physical activity during adverse weather conditions. Because climate change is causing increased extreme weather events, a need exists for the development of a new built environment audit tool that includes relevant weather mitigating features.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Drapeau
- Housing for Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - P Singh
- Housing for Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - F Benyaminov
- Housing for Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - K Wright
- Housing for Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - J C Spence
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - S Nuzhat
- Housing for Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - A Walsh
- Housing for Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - K Islam
- Housing for Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Z Azarm
- Housing for Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - K K Lee
- Housing for Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Guo W, He J, Yang W. Association between outdoor jogging behavior and PM 2.5 exposure: Evidence from massive GPS trajectory data in Beijing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174759. [PMID: 39004371 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Outdoor jogging is one of the most popular practised exercises worldwide, providing various benefits for health and wellbeing. However, PM2.5 exposure risks of jogging behaviors were rarely explored. This study aims to investigate the association between jogging behavior and PM2.5 exposure with big data. PM2.5 exposure concentration and dose inhalation of individuals were calculated by integrating hourly PM2.5 concentration data and jogging GPS trajectory recorded by a sports app during 2015 in Beijing, after which relationships between jogging behaviors and PM2.5 exposure were unpacked using statistics analysis and structural equation modelling. Experimental results on massive jogging trajectories show that: (1) the average jogging PM2.5 exposure concentration is 60.43 μg/m3, and female joggers inhaled significantly less air pollution dose (19.70 μg) than men (24.91 μg). (2) There exist significant spatiotemporal disparities in jogging exposure to PM2.5. Joggings in the city center, in the morning, on weekdays and in autumn and winter seasons were exposed to higher pollution concentrations. (3) Jogging behavior characteristics, especially distance, activity space size, duration and rotation, were systematically associated with PM2.5 exposure across space and time. (4) The role of gender directly shaped joggers' dose inhalation of PM2.5 pollution and indirectly via duration, timing choice and distance. (5) The effects of weather conditions on joggers' exposure to PM2.5 are mainly via direct effects, whereas the direct impacts of precipitation and wind speed are mitigated by indirect effects stemming from jogging behavior patterns. Our findings provide insights for personal guidance and policy intervention for the sake of promoting physical activity and reducing PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Guo
- Transport Studies Unit, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
| | - Jiawei He
- School of Management Science and Real Estate, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Management Science and Real Estate, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
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Carl J, Melby PS, Kurtzhals ML, Nielsen G, Bentsen P, Elsborg P. The Role of Physical Literacy in the Association Between Weather and Physical Activity: A Longitudinal Multilevel Analysis With 951 Children. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:675-682. [PMID: 38626893 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies showed an effect of weather on physical activity (PA) levels in children. However, no study has yet examined the relevance of personal factors in this relationship. Therefore, this study analyzes (1) whether there are systematic interindividual differences in the extent to which weather affects the PA behavior and (2) whether physical literacy (PL) moderates the weather-PA association in children. METHODS A total of 951 children in 12 Danish schools (age 9.76 [1.59] y; 54.3% girls) completed objective PA assessments via accelerometry (moderate to vigorous PA, light PA, and sedentary behavior). Local weather data (precipitation, wind speed, temperature, and sunshine duration) were provided by the Danish Meteorological Institute. Participants' PL was measured employing the Danish version of the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy-2. The 4116 accelerometer days underwent longitudinal multilevel analyses while considering their nesting into pupils and school classes (n = 51). RESULTS Fluctuations in all PA indicators were significantly explained by variations in weather conditions, especially precipitation (P ≤ .035). Significant interindividual differences were found for 9 of 12 analytical dimensions, suggesting that weather changes influence PA behavior differently across individuals (especially moderate to vigorous PA, χ2[4] ≥ 11.5, P ≤ .021). However, PL moderated the relationship between weather and PA in only 2 of the 48 analytical constellations. CONCLUSIONS Despite the varying impact of weather on PA across individuals, the present study favors a main effect model in which weather and PL exert independent effects on children's PA. The insufficient support for PL as a moderating factor calls for future studies to test alternative mechanisms in the weather-PA association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Carl
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Paulina S Melby
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mette L Kurtzhals
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Glen Nielsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Bentsen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Elsborg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Fairclough SJ, Clifford L, Foweather L, Knowles ZR, Boddy LM, Ashworth E, Tyler R. Move Well, Feel Good: Feasibility and acceptability of a school-based motor competence intervention to promote positive mental health. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303033. [PMID: 38861557 PMCID: PMC11166299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 lockdown measures Move Well, Feel Good (MWFG) was developed as a school intervention using improvement of motor competence as a mechanism for promoting positive mental health. Study objectives were to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of MWFG and to describe changes in child-level outcomes. METHODS Five northwest England primary schools were recruited. MWFG was delivered over 10-weeks through physical education (PE) lessons, which were supplemented by optional class-time, break-time, and home activities. The intervention focused on development of 9-10 year-old children's motor competence in locomotor, object control, and stability skills, and psychosocial skills. Feasibility was evaluated against nine pre-defined criteria using surveys, interviews (teachers), and focus groups (children). Pre- and post-intervention assessments of motor competence, mental health, prosocial behaviour, wellbeing, and 24-hour movement behaviours were also completed. RESULTS The five recruited schools represented 83% of the target number, 108 children consented (54% of target) with teachers recruited in all schools (100% of target). Intervention dose was reflected by 76% of the 45 scheduled PE lessons being delivered, and adherence was strong (>85% of children attending ≥75% of lessons). Positive indicators of acceptability were provided by 86% of children, 83% of PE teachers, and 90% of class teachers. Data collection methods were deemed acceptable by 91% of children and 80% of class teachers, and children spoke positively about participating in the data collection. Child-level outcome data collection was completed by 65%-97% of children, with a 3%-35% attrition rate at post-intervention, depending on measure. Favourable changes in motor competence (+13.7%), mental health difficulties (-8.8%), and prosocial behaviour (+7.6%) were observed. CONCLUSIONS MWFG is an acceptable and feasible motor competence intervention to promote positive mental health. Content and delivery modifications could inform progression to a pilot trial with a more robust design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J. Fairclough
- Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Sport, Physical Activity, Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren Clifford
- Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Sport, Physical Activity, Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, United Kingdom
| | - Lawrence Foweather
- The Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe R. Knowles
- The Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne M. Boddy
- The Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Ashworth
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Tyler
- Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Sport, Physical Activity, Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, United Kingdom
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Roche IV, Ubalde-Lopez M, Daher C, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Gascon M. The Health-Related and Learning Performance Effects of Air Pollution and Other Urban-Related Environmental Factors on School-Age Children and Adolescents-A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews. Curr Environ Health Rep 2024; 11:300-316. [PMID: 38369581 PMCID: PMC11082043 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-024-00431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This scoping review aims to assess the impact of air pollution, traffic noise, heat, and green and blue space exposures on the physical and cognitive development of school-age children and adolescents. While existing evidence indicates adverse effects of transport-related exposures on their health, a comprehensive scoping review is necessary to consolidate findings on various urban environmental exposures' effects on children's development. RECENT FINDINGS There is consistent evidence on how air pollution negatively affects children's cognitive and respiratory health and learning performance, increasing their susceptibility to diseases in their adult life. Scientific evidence on heat and traffic noise, while less researched, indicates that they negatively affect children's health. On the contrary, green space exposure seems to benefit or mitigate these adverse effects, suggesting a potential strategy to promote children's cognitive and physical development in urban settings. This review underscores the substantial impact of urban exposures on the physical and mental development of children and adolescents. It highlights adverse health effects that can extend into adulthood, affecting academic opportunities and well-being beyond health. While acknowledging the necessity for more research on the mechanisms of air pollution effects and associations with heat and noise exposure, the review advocates prioritizing policy changes and urban planning interventions. This includes minimizing air pollution and traffic noise while enhancing urban vegetation, particularly in school environments, to ensure the healthy development of children and promote lifelong health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Valls Roche
- ISGlobal, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona-PRBB, C/ Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mònica Ubalde-Lopez
- ISGlobal, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona-PRBB, C/ Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolyn Daher
- ISGlobal, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona-PRBB, C/ Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona-PRBB, C/ Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Gascon
- ISGlobal, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona-PRBB, C/ Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Lamboglia CG, Ruissen GR, Mandic S, Garcia Bengoechea E, Spence JC. Temporal relationships in the movement behaviour of adolescents: Testing and methodological considerations of the ActivityStat hypothesis. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:947-958. [PMID: 38978311 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2372929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the ActivityStat hypothesis by examining the presence and the timeframe of the temporal relationships among physical activity (PA) levels and stationary time (ST) in adolescents. A secondary analysis was performed on data involving 356 adolescents in Dunedin, New Zealand. Participants wore a waist-worn accelerometer for several consecutive days to assess PA levels [i.e. light PA (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA)] and ST. Bayesian continuous-time structural equation modelling (CT-SEM) was used to examine the relationship between the behaviours over time and the timeframe during which these relationships occur. Increases in LPA, MVPA, and ST were positively associated with their later behaviours until 2.5, 1.7, and 2 days later, respectively. A cross-behavioural reciprocal and negative relationship between LPA and ST was demonstrated 0.4 days later. A positive relationship between ST and MVPA was observed until about 0.4 days later. This is the first study to investigate the ActivityStat hypothesis using Bayesian CT-SEM in adolescents, examining the multivariate relationships among different behaviours and the associated timeframes. To conclude, evidence of activity synergy was suggested for the within-behavioural relationships, while behavioural compensation was noted for ST. Thus, the findings provide some support for the ActivityStat hypothesis in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geralyn R Ruissen
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sandra Mandic
- AGILE Research Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Enrique Garcia Bengoechea
- Research and Innovation Unit, Sport Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - John C Spence
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Yılmaz HÖ, Günen MA. Is environment destiny? Spatial analysis of the relationship between geographic factors and obesity in Türkiye. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1847-1859. [PMID: 37589469 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2248016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the relationship of geographical factors, including precipitation, slope, air pollution and elevation with adult obesity prevalence in Türkiye (TR) using a cross-regional study design. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) were performed to evaluate the spatial variation in the relationship between all geographic factors and obesity prevalence. In the model, a positive relationship was found between obesity prevalence and slope, whereas a negative significant relationship was determined between obesity prevalence and elevation (p < 0.05). These results, revealing spatially varying associations, were very useful in refining the interpretations of the statistical results on adult obesity. This research suggests that geographical factors should be considered as one of the components of the obesogenic environment. In addition, it is recommended that national and international strategies to overcome obesity should be restructured by taking into account the geographical characteristics of the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacı Ömer Yılmaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Akif Günen
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane, Türkiye
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Silva JID, Condessa LA, Costa DADS, Célio FDA, Malta DC, Andrade ACDS, Caiaffa WT. Which physical and social characteristics of Brazilian cities contribute to physical activity of adolescents? CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:3333-3345. [PMID: 37971015 DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320232811.15612022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the association between adolescents' physical activity and the Brazilian capitals' built and social environment. The units of analysis of this ecological study were the 26 capitals and the Federal District, with data from the National Adolescent Health Survey (2012). The outcome variable was the reported regular physical activity (PA) of ninth graders in Brazilian schools. Exposure variables included characteristics of the natural environment, socioeconomic and educational indicators, urban infrastructure, urban violence, and sociocultural factors retrieved from several secondary sources of Brazilian databases. We adopted multiple linear regression to verify the association between PA and exposure variables. The percentage of active adolescents was 33.0% (95%CI: 32.1; 33.9). In the final model, higher PA was associated with lower temperature, higher Primary Education Development Index, the higher percentage of ramps for wheelchair users, and a higher percentage of leisure-time active adults. The data show that climatic and educational factors, the infrastructure, and the social environment of the capitals can contribute to Brazilian adolescents complying with the recommended weekly PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Ilídio da Silva
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. R. Quarenta e Nove 2367, Boa Esperança. 78060-900 Cuiabá MT Brasil.
| | - Luciano Antonacci Condessa
- Observatório de Saúde Urbana de Belo Horizonte, Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - Dário Alves da Silva Costa
- Observatório de Saúde Urbana de Belo Horizonte, Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - Fabiano de Almeida Célio
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. Cleveland OHIO USA
| | | | - Amanda Cristina de Souza Andrade
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. R. Quarenta e Nove 2367, Boa Esperança. 78060-900 Cuiabá MT Brasil.
| | - Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa
- Observatório de Saúde Urbana de Belo Horizonte, Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
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Timm I, Reichert M, Ebner-Priemer UW, Giurgiu M. Momentary within-subject associations of affective states and physical behavior are moderated by weather conditions in real life: an ambulatory assessment study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:117. [PMID: 37777773 PMCID: PMC10541720 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01507-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical behavior (PB) is a key lifestyle factor in regulating and preventing diseases across the lifespan. Researchers identified affective, cognitive, and contextual factors like weather conditions, as significant contributors in determining if individuals are physically active. However, there is scarce empirical evidence about potential associations between PB and affective states influenced by weather conditions in daily life. Therefore, we explored if weather conditions moderated the within-subject association between momentary affective states and subsequent PB. METHODS Utilizing ambulatory assessment, 79 participants completed electronic diaries about their affective states (i.e., valence, energetic arousal, and calmness) up to six times a day over five days, and their PB (i.e., physical activity and sedentariness) was simultaneously recorded via accelerometers. Weather conditions (i.e., temperature and precipitation) recorded near participants' locations served as moderators in the multilevel analyses. RESULTS We confirmed earlier findings associating affective states with PB. Increased valence and energetic arousal were positively associated with physical activity (β = 0.007; p < .001), whereas calmness predicted lower levels of physical activity (β = -0.006; p < .001). Higher levels of calmness showed a positive association with sedentary behavior (β = 0.054; p = .003). In addition, we revealed a significant positive association between temperature, as a momentary weather condition, and physical activity (β = 0.025; p = .015). Furthermore, we showed that the association of affective states and physical activity was moderated by temperature. Higher temperatures enhanced the positive effects of valence on physical activity (β = .001, p = .023) and attenuated the negative effects of calmness on physical activity (β = .001, p = .021). Moreover, higher temperatures enhanced the positive effects of valence on reduced sedentary behavior (β = -0.011, p = .043). CONCLUSIONS Temperature alterations appeared to have an impact on subsequent physical activity. Furthermore, temperature alterations moderated the influence of affective states on conducted physical activity. This might offer the opportunity for just-in-time adaptive interventions to intervene in individually appropriate environmental conditions for promoting physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Timm
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hertzstr. 16, Karlsruhe, 76187, Germany.
| | - Markus Reichert
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hertzstr. 16, Karlsruhe, 76187, Germany
- Department of eHealth and Sports Analytics, Faculty of Sport Science, Ruhr University Bochum, Gesundheitscampus-Nord 10, Bochum, 44801, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Ebner-Priemer
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hertzstr. 16, Karlsruhe, 76187, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marco Giurgiu
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hertzstr. 16, Karlsruhe, 76187, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
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Shalani B, Azadfallah P, Farahani H, Brand S. Why Do Iranian Preschool-Aged Children Spend too Much Time in Front of Screens? A Preliminary Qualitative Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1193. [PMID: 37508690 PMCID: PMC10378130 DOI: 10.3390/children10071193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that Iranian preschool children are increasingly spending their time in front of screens (screen time: ST; time spent with any screen such as TVs, computers, tablets, smartphones, game consoles, or video games), but few studies have explored the possible causes of such an increase. Given this, the present study aimed to qualitatively explore determinants of excessive ST in Iranian children. To this end, parents of preschool children were interviewed, and their answers were qualitatively clustered to identify additional important factors. Key informant interviews were conducted with parents of preschool children in Tehran (Iran). A semi-structured interview was developed to assess child and family life, daily routine, family rules, family interactions, and home climate as possible contributing factors to ST. Parents' audiotaped statements were transcripted verbatim, coded, and clustered into main themes using thematic analysis with the MaxQda® software. A total of 20 parents of children aged 2 to 7 were interviewed, and a total of 6 key themes and 28 subthemes were extracted from their interviews. The results of the analysis identified a broad range of both independent and interrelated factors leading to the development and maintenance of ST behaviors among preschool children. Our findings indicate that the central concept is the family. Considering screen-related behaviors, family life encompasses parental health literacy (e.g., parenting pattern, monitoring standards, thoughtful parenting), family psychological atmosphere (e.g., presence of parents, family norms, parent-parent and parent-child interaction, congruency/incongruency of parents with each other) and the digital structure of the home. The child's and parents' actions and characteristics can influence family interactions. A child's and parent's behavior is also influenced by social/cultural factors. Parents' behaviors and attitudes, family communications, and interactions contribute to healthy ST habits in children. It is not possible to examine the child's behavior without considering the family and the dominant environment, since the behavior of family members as a whole affects each family member. Given this, interventions should make parents aware of their role and responsibilities in reducing children's ST and consider the family system as a whole, and interventions also can benefit from considering the parental perceptions of children's behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Shalani
- Department of Psychology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran
| | - Parviz Azadfallah
- Department of Psychology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran
| | | | - Serge Brand
- Center for Affective, Sleep and Stress Disorders, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 67158-47141, Iran
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 67158-47141, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Center for Disaster Psychiatry and Disaster Psychology, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Koepp AE, Lanza K, Byrd-Williams C, Bryan AE, Gershoff ET. Ambient Temperature Increases and Preschoolers' Outdoor Physical Activity. JAMA Pediatr 2023; 177:539-540. [PMID: 36939692 PMCID: PMC10028534 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study evaluates the association of high outdoor temperatures with children’s engagement in physical activity during play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E. Koepp
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Kevin Lanza
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston School of Public Health Austin Campus, Austin, Texas
| | - Courtney Byrd-Williams
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston School of Public Health Austin Campus, Austin, Texas
| | - Amy E. Bryan
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Elizabeth T. Gershoff
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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12
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Yu H, Song Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Li H, Feng X, Yu M. The Impact of Temperature on 24-Hour Movement Behaviors among Chinese Freshmen Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4970. [PMID: 36981878 PMCID: PMC10049201 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human populations worldwide have experienced substantial climate change issues. Gaps in scientific literature remain regarding the relationship between temperature and 24-hour movement behavior among people. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of temperature on 24-hour movement behavior including physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and sleep duration among university students living in Beijing, China. METHODS We conducted follow-up health surveys on 44,693 freshmen students enrolled at Tsinghua University from 2012 to 2018. PA and SB were measured by using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-s); sleep duration was estimated by using The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI). Corresponding temperature data measured by the Beijing Meteorological Service were collected to include average daily temperature from the nearest weather station to Tsinghua university. The data were analyzed using linear individual fixed-effect regressions. RESULTS An increase in temperature (temperature range 2.29-28.73 °C) by 1 °C was associated with an increase in 0.66 weekly minutes of vigorous physical activity (VPA) (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49, 0.82), an increase in 0.56 weekly minutes of moderate physical activity (MPA)(95% CI = 0.32, 0.79), an increase in 1.21 weekly minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (95% CI = 0.90, 1.53), an increase in 0.55 weekly minutes of walking (95% CI = 0.31, 0.78), an increase in 1.76 weekly minutes of total PA (95% CI = 1.35, 2.17), and a reduction in 1.60 weekly minutes of sleeping (95% CI = -2.09, -1.11). There was no significant correlation between temperature and sedentary behavior among participants. CONCLUSIONS Temperature was significantly positively correlated with physical activity levels in the Chinese freshmen students, and significantly negatively correlated with sleep duration. Replication of this study is warranted among various populations within China. The evidence of this novel study focused on understanding the relationship between climate change and 24-hour movement behaviors among people for developing effective adaptation strategies to climate change to improve people's health behavior. This study has important implications for future study, as knowledge of the impact of temperature on movement behavior may help in the interpretation of their results and translate into improving people's health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Yu
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yiling Song
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxin Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haoxuan Li
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaolu Feng
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Renmin University of China Libraries, Beijing 100872, China
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13
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Arkesteyn A, Vancampfort D, Firth J, Van Damme T. Mental health outcomes of the Daily Mile in elementary school children: a single-arm pilot study. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2022; 27:361-368. [PMID: 35748760 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND School-based physical activity (PA) programmes such as The Daily Mile (TDM) are widely promoted to address shortfalls in meeting PA recommendations. This study is the first to examine TDM (a daily one mile outdoor run/walk performed at a self-selected pace during school hours) on mental health, self-esteem and self-perceived competence of elementary schoolchildren. METHODS In total, 550 children (n = 289 boys, aged 5-13 years) were recruited from seven schools across Flanders. The Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were completed before, during and post-intervention. One-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine changes over time. Additional subgroup analyses of children with low scores on the SPPC (-1SD) were performed. RESULTS Only perceived global self-worth (SPPC) was significantly higher (p = .041) following TDM. However, in children with low baseline SPPC scores, significant increases with large effect sizes were found for global self-worth (p = <.001), scholastic competence (p = .001), social competence (p = .003), athletic competence (p = .002), physical appearance (p = <.001) and behavioural conduct (p = .003) following TDM. Moreover, significant reductions over time were reported by parents for total difficulties (p < .001), hyperactivity (p = .004), peer problems (p = .008) and emotional symptoms (p = <.001) and an increase in prosocial behaviour (p = .038) on the SDQ following TDM. However, no changes for conduct problems were observed (p = .143). CONCLUSIONS The study is the first to indicate that TDM potentially improves mental health, self-esteem and self-perceived competence in elementary schoolchildren, especially in those with a poor mental health status. Randomised controlled trials are now required to more definitively test these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Arkesteyn
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University Psychiatric Center, KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tine Van Damme
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University Psychiatric Center, KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
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14
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Huang WY, Aubert S, Tremblay MS, Wong SH. Global Matrix 4.0 physical activity report cards grades for children and adolescents: A comparison among 15 Asian countries and regions. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:372-381. [PMID: 36311170 PMCID: PMC9579364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background /Objective: This paper aimed to compare the report card grades among 15 Asian jurisdictions participating in the Global Matrix 4.0, and to explore differences in regional cultural and policy factors related to physical activity behaviors. Methods All participating jurisdictions followed a harmonized process to develop a country report card. Ten required common indicators were assessed, including five behavioral indicators (Overall Physical Activity, Organized Sport and Physical Activity, Active Play, Active Transportation, Sedentary Behavior), four sources of influence indicators (Family and Peers, School, Community and Environment, and Government), and an outcome indicator (Physical Fitness). Letter grades, ranging from A+ to F or incomplete (INC), were assigned to the indicators based on the predefined benchmarks and grading rubric, and were converted to numerical scale for analyses. Results The country average scores ranged from F (Indonesia) to B- (Japan), with C+/C/C- the most prevalent grades. The mean behavioral score (D+) was lower than sources of influence score (C+). Poor grades (D or F) were observed for Overall Physical Activity among 73.3% (11/15) of the jurisdictions. Government was the indicator with the highest proportion of A or B grades (66.7%), followed by School (53.3%). Physical Fitness (n = 10) and Active Play (n = 8) were two indicators with the largest number of INC grades. Conclusions Poor grades for physical activity and sedentary behavior were generally found in Asian jurisdictions. The better, though modest, grades on the sources of influence have not been translated into favorable behaviors among children and adolescents. The findings also suggested surveillance gaps for physical fitness, active play, and organized sport participation. National-level investments and action plans are needed to ensure physical activity interventions are developed, effectively implemented, and regularly evaluated in multiple settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Y. Huang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Salomé Aubert
- Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen H. Wong
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Yelizarova O, Stankevych T, Parats A, Polka N, Lynchak O, Diuba N, Hozak S. The effect of two COVID-19 lockdowns on physical activity of school-age children. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 4:119-126. [PMID: 35187505 PMCID: PMC8836674 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of strict quarantine restrictions in many countries initiated a direction in science to study the behavioral characteristics of children and adolescents during the social isolation at the population level. We present our observations during the two lockdowns in Ukraine. The objective of this study was to determine: a) the level of light (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) physical activity among school-age children, and b) the impact of the external and internal factors on their physical activity during the lockdown. Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) as part of our questionnaire Q-RAPH was used. Parents of 1091 children 6-18 years old (54% boys) filled Q-RAPH at two measurement points in 2020 and 2021. After performing ANCOVA and logistic regression, we found a significant decrease in MVPA by 12.7% in 2021 compared to 2020 (p < 0.001) while LPA was about 1.5 h a day during both periods. The proportion of children who reach the recommended levels of MVPA also decreased by 13.7% in 2021 (p < 0.001). Factors negatively affecting the achievement of 60 min a day of MVPA were female gender, chronic diseases, overweight/obesity, non-participation in organized sports, and a decrease in the average air temperature. This study evidences the insufficient level of preventive measures and requires an intensification of health education among the Ukrainian population. When developing preventive measures, special attention should be paid to groups vulnerable to MVPA reduction as children who have chronic diseases and/or overweight/obesity as well as non-participation in sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Yelizarova
- State Institution “O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health”, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Stankevych
- State Institution “O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health”, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alla Parats
- State Institution “O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health”, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nadiya Polka
- State Institution “O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health”, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Lynchak
- State Institution “O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health”, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Svitlana Hozak
- State Institution “O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health”, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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16
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Weaver RG, Hunt ET, Armstrong B, Beets MW, Brazendale K, Turner-McGrievy G, Pate RR, Youngstedt SD, Dugger R, Parker H, von Klinggraeff L, Jones A, Burkart S, Ressor-Oyer L. COVID-19 Leads to Accelerated Increases in Children's BMI z-Score Gain: An Interrupted Time-Series Study. Am J Prev Med 2021; 61:e161-e169. [PMID: 34148734 PMCID: PMC8443301 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic may have negatively impacted children's weight status owing to the closure of schools, increased food insecurity and reliance on ultraprocessed foods, and reduced opportunities for outdoor activity. METHODS In this interrupted time-series study, height and weight were collected from children (n=1,770 children, mean age=8.7 years, 55.3% male, 64.6% Black) and were transformed into BMI z-score in each August/September from 2017 to 2020. Mixed-effects linear regression estimated yearly BMI z-score change before the COVID-19 pandemic year (i.e., 2017-2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic year (i.e., 2019-2020). Subgroup analyses by sex, race (i.e., Black, White, other race), weight status (overweight or obese and normal weight), and grade (i.e., lower=kindergarten-2nd grade and upper=3rd-6th grade) were conducted. RESULTS Before the COVID-19 pandemic, children's yearly BMI z-score change was +0.03 (95% CI= -0.10, 0.15). Change during the COVID-19 pandemic was +0.34 (95% CI=0.21, 0.47), an acceleration in BMI z-score change of +0.31 (95% CI=0.19, 0.44). For girls and boys, BMI z-score change accelerated by +0.33 (95% CI=0.16, 0.50) and +0.29 (95% CI=0.12, 0.46), respectively, during the pandemic year. Acceleration in BMI z-score change during the pandemic year was observed for children who were Black (+0.41, 95% CI=0.21, 0.61) and White (+0.22, 95% CI=0.06, 0.39). For children classified as normal weight, BMI z-score change accelerated by +0.58 (95% CI=0.40, 0.76). Yearly BMI z-score change accelerated for lower elementary/primary (+0.23, 95% CI=0.08, 0.37) and upper elementary/primary (+0.42, 95% CI=0.42, 0.63) children. CONCLUSIONS If similar BMI z-score accelerations occurred for children across the world, public health interventions to address this rapid unhealthy BMI gain will be urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Glenn Weaver
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.
| | - Ethan T Hunt
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Bridget Armstrong
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Michael W Beets
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Keith Brazendale
- Department of Health Sciences, UCF College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Gabrielle Turner-McGrievy
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Russell R Pate
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Shawn D Youngstedt
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Roddrick Dugger
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Hannah Parker
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Lauren von Klinggraeff
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Alexis Jones
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Sarah Burkart
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Layton Ressor-Oyer
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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17
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The Perspective of Physical Education Teachers in Spain Regarding Barriers to the Practice of Physical Activity among Immigrant Children and Adolescents: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115598. [PMID: 34073897 PMCID: PMC8197202 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) contributes to the development of children and adolescents and to their mental and physical health. The practice of PA in the school context can contribute towards generating a more inclusive educational community for immigrant children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to describe the perspectives of Spanish physical education (PE) teachers on the practice of PA among immigrant children and adolescents. This research was a qualitative exploratory study. A purposeful sampling strategy was used. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and field notes. Twenty teachers were recruited. An inductive thematic analysis and content analysis were applied. The following topics were identified: (a) Professional expectations; (b) Economic resources; (c) Integration; (d) Family; (e) Religious beliefs and practices; and (f) Gender difference. A predominance of positive emotions was identified in the narratives, and the most repeated words in word clouds were ‘Caribbean’, ‘Latin’, and ‘population’. These findings help to identify PA barriers for immigrant children and adolescents and may contribute to the creation of PA-based interventions in social and educational contexts.
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