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Guo J, Zhong L, Momeni MR. MicroRNA-155 and its exosomal form: Small pieces in the gastrointestinal cancers puzzle. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:77. [PMID: 39283408 PMCID: PMC11405467 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are common cancers that are responsible for a large portion of global cancer fatalities. Due to this, there is a pressing need for innovative strategies to identify and treat GI cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short ncRNAs that can be considered either cancer-causing or tumor-inhibiting molecules. MicroRNA-155, also known as miR-155, is a vital regulator in various cancer types. This miRNA has a carcinogenic role in a variety of gastrointestinal cancers, including pancreatic, colon, and gastric cancers. Since the abnormal production of miR-155 has been detected in various malignancies and has a correlation with increased mortality, it is a promising target for future therapeutic approaches. Moreover, exosomal miR-155 associated with tumors have significant functions in communicating between cells and establishing the microenvironment for cancer in GI cancers. Various types of genetic material, such as specifically miR-155 as well as proteins found in cancer-related exosomes, have the ability to be transmitted to other cells and have a function in the advancement of tumor. Therefore, it is critical to conduct a review that outlines the diverse functions of miR-155 in gastrointestinal malignancies. As a result, we present a current overview of the role of miR-155 in gastrointestinal cancers. Our research highlighted the role of miR-155 in GI cancers and covered critical issues in GI cancer such as pharmacologic inhibitors of miRNA-155, miRNA-155-assosiated circular RNAs, immune-related cells contain miRNA-155. Importantly, we discussed miRNA-155 in GI cancer resistance to chemotherapy, diagnosis and clinical trials. Furthermore, the function of miR-155 enclosed in exosomes that are released by cancer cells or tumor-associated macrophages is also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Li Zhong
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Adel RM, Helal H, Ahmed Fouad M, Sobhy Abd-Elhalem S. Regulation of miRNA-155-5p ameliorates NETosis in pulmonary fibrosis rat model via inhibiting its target cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β1. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111456. [PMID: 38159555 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related inflammatory disease with no cure up till now.It is accompanied by neutrophils infiltration as the main responders to inflammation and fibrosis. Importantly, neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) through NETosis process. The function of microRNAs during inflammation became of great biological attention. Owing to microRNAs' central role in immune system, microRNA-155-5p (miR-155-5p) is intensely involved in the inflammatory response. Capsaicin (Cap) is a bioactive compound that exhibits antioxidative and anti-inflammatory functions. Recent studies have shown its role in regulation of certain microRNAs' expressions. Accordingly, the present study aims to investigate the effect of miR-155-5p regulation in suppressing NETs production via ameliorating its target inflammatory cytokines, IL-1ß, TNF-α and TGF-ß1, in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis rat model treated by Cap. The obtained results demonstrated that miR-155-5p downregulation was associated with significant decrease in IL-1ß, TNF-α, TGF-β1, which consequently, reduced hydroxyproline (HYP), NETs activity markers as NE and PAD-4, and alleviated CTGF levels in lung tissues of animals treated by Cap. Furthermore, NETosis ultrastructure examination by transmission electron microscope (TEM), MPO immunohistochemical staining and histopathological studies confirmed an abolishment in NETs formation and an improvement in lung tissue architecture in Cap-treated rats. This study concluded that Cap quenched the inflammatory response through interrupting IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β1 pathway via modulating miR-155-5p expression. In addition, Cap was able to alleviate pulmonary NETosis markers by restraining NETs activity markers. These findings provide novel insight into the application of Cap-based treatment in ameliorating pulmonary damage in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Mostafa Adel
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, 11757, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hamed Helal
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mona Ahmed Fouad
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, 11757, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sahar Sobhy Abd-Elhalem
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, 11757, Cairo, Egypt.
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El-Gamal R, Elfarrash S, El-Nablaway M, Salem AA, Zaraei SO, Anbar HS, Shoma A, El-Gamal MI. Anti-proliferative activity of RIHMS-Qi-23 against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line is through inhibition of cell proliferation and senescence but not inhibition of targeted kinases. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1053. [PMID: 37919708 PMCID: PMC10621201 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11547-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignancy globally, and is considered a major cause of cancer-related death. Tremendous effort is exerted to identify an optimal anticancer drug with limited side effects. The quinoline derivative RIMHS-Qi-23 had a wide-spectrum antiproliferative activity against various types of cancer cells. METHODS In the current study, the effect of RIMHS-Qi-23 was tested on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line to evaluate its anticancer efficacy in comparison to the reference compound doxorubicin. RESULTS Our data suggest an anti-proliferative effect of RIMHS-Qi-23 on the MCF-7 cell line with superior potency and selectivity compared to doxorubicin. Our mechanistic study suggested that the anti-proliferative effect of RIMHS-Qi-23 against MCF-7 cell line is not through targeted kinase inhibition but through other molecular machinery targeting cell proliferation and senescence such as cyclophlin A, p62, and LC3. CONCLUSION RIMHS-Qi-23 is exerting an anti-proliferative effect that is more potent and selective than doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa El-Gamal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Al-Daqahlia Governorate, 35516, Arab Republic of Egypt.
| | - Sara Elfarrash
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammad El-Nablaway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, PO Box 71666, Riydah, 11597, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Ahmed Salem
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Seyed-Omar Zaraei
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hanan S Anbar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, 19099, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashraf Shoma
- Department of General Surgery, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University Hospital, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed I El-Gamal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Al-Daqahlia Governorate, 35516, Arab Republic of Egypt.
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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Eldosoky MA, Hammad R, Elmadbouly AA, Aglan RB, Abdel-Hamid SG, Alboraie M, Hassan DA, Shaheen MA, Rushdi A, Ahmed RM, Abdelbadea A, Abdelmageed NA, Elshafei A, Ali E, Abo-Elkheir OI, Zaky S, Hamdy NM, Lambert C. Diagnostic Significance of hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-192-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-199a-5p Panel and Ratios in Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Top of Liver Cirrhosis in HCV-Infected Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043157. [PMID: 36834570 PMCID: PMC9962339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis is challenging. Moreover, for patients with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative HCC, this challenge is augmented. MicroRNAs (miRs) profiles may serve as potential HCC molecular markers. We aimed to assess plasma homo sapiens-(hsa)-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-192-5p, and hsa-miR-199a-5p-expression levels as a panel of biomarkers for HCC in chronic hepatitis C virus (CHCV) patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), especially AFP-negative HCC cases, as a step toward non-protein coding (nc) RNA precision medicine. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 79 patients enrolled with CHCV infection with LC, subclassified into an LC group without HCC (n = 40) and LC with HCC (n = 39). Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure plasma hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-192-5p, and hsa-miR-199a-5p. RESULTS Plasma hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p demonstrated significant upregulation, while hsa-miR-199a-5p demonstrated significant downregulation in the HCC group (n = 39) when compared to the LC group (n = 40). hsa-miR-21-5p expression was positively correlated with serum AFP, insulin, and insulin resistance (r = 0.5, p < 0.001, r = 0.334, p = 0.01, and r = 0.303, p = 0.02, respectively). According to the ROC curves, for differentiating HCC from LC, combining AFP with each of hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, and miR199a-5p improved the diagnostic sensitivity to 87%, 82%, and 84%, respectively, vs. 69% for AFP alone, with acceptable specificities of 77.5%, 77.5%, and 80%, respectively, and AUC = 0.89, 0.85, and 0.90, respectively vs. 0.85 for AFP alone. hsa-miR-21-5p/hsa-miR-199a-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p/hsa-miR-199a-5p ratios discriminated HCC from LC at AUC = 0.76 and 0.71, respectively, with sensitivities = 94% and 92% and specificities = 48% and 53%, respectively. Upregulation of plasma hsa-miR-21-5p was considered as an independent risk factor for HCC development [OR = 1.198(1.063-1.329), p = 0.002]. CONCLUSIONS Combining each of hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, and hsa-miR-199a-5p with AFP made it possible to identify HCC development in the LC patients' cohort with higher sensitivity than using AFP alone. hsa-miR-21-5p/hsa-miR-199a-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p/hsa-miR-199a-5p ratios are potential HCC molecular markers for AFP-negative HCC patients. hsa-miR-21-5p was linked, clinically and via in silico proof, to insulin metabolism, inflammation, dyslipidemia, and tumorigenesis in the HCC patients' group as well as for an upregulated independent risk factor for the emergence of HCC from LC in the CHCV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A. Eldosoky
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Egypt
| | - Reham Hammad
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A. Elmadbouly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Egypt
| | - Reda Badr Aglan
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom 32514, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Alboraie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Donia Ahmed Hassan
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Shaheen
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Areej Rushdi
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Reem M. Ahmed
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Alzahra Abdelbadea
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Neamat A. Abdelmageed
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshafei
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Elham Ali
- Molecular Biology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Omaima I. Abo-Elkheir
- Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Samy Zaky
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Nadia M. Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Claude Lambert
- Cytometry Unit, Immunology Laboratory, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, 42100 Saint-Etienne, France
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Kaur N, Dey P. Bacterial Exopolysaccharides as Emerging Bioactive Macromolecules: From Fundamentals to Applications. Res Microbiol 2022; 174:104024. [PMID: 36587857 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2022.104024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) are extracellular carbohydrate polymers forming capsules or slimy coating around the cells. EPS can be secreted by various bacterial genera that can help bacterial cells in attachment, environmental adaptation, stress tolerance and are an integral part of microbial biofilms. Several gut commensals (e.g., Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) produce EPS that possess diverse bioactivities. Bacterial EPS also has extensive commercial applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Owing to the structural and functional diversity, genetic and metabolic engineering strategies are currently employed to increase EPS production. Therefore, the current review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of bacterial exopolysaccharides, including their classification, source, biosynthetic pathways, and functions in the microbial community. The review also provides an overview of the diverse bioactivities of microbial EPS, including immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-cancer properties. Since several gut microbes are EPS producers and gut microbiota helps maintain a functional gut barrier, emphasis has been given to the intestinal-level bioactivities of the gut microbial EPS. Collectively, the review provides a comprehensive overview of microbial bioactive exopolysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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