1
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Loy CA, Trader DJ. Primed for Interactions: Investigating the Primed Substrate Channel of the Proteasome for Improved Molecular Engagement. Molecules 2024; 29:3356. [PMID: 39064934 PMCID: PMC11279888 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is a tightly conserved process that is regulated through the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in a ubiquitin-independent or ubiquitin-dependent manner. Over the past two decades, the proteasome has become an excellent therapeutic target through inhibition of the catalytic core particle, inhibition of subunits responsible for recognizing and binding ubiquitinated proteins, and more recently, through targeted protein degradation using proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs). The majority of the developed inhibitors of the proteasome's core particle rely on gaining selectivity through binding interactions within the unprimed substrate channel. Although this has allowed for selective inhibitors and chemical probes to be generated for the different proteasome isoforms, much remains unknown about the interactions that could be harnessed within the primed substrate channel to increase potency or selectivity. Herein, we discuss small molecules that interact with the primed substrate pocket and how their differences may give rise to altered activity. Taking advantage of additional interactions with the primed substrate pocket of the proteasome could allow for the generation of improved chemical tools for perturbing or monitoring proteasome activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Darci J. Trader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA;
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2
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Huynh M, Chang HY, Lisiero DN, Ong IM, Kashyap T, Callander NS, Miyamoto S. HAPLN1 confers multiple myeloma cell resistance to several classes of therapeutic drugs. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274704. [PMID: 36480501 PMCID: PMC10045543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), a malignant plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow, is generally considered incurable: resistance to multiple therapeutic drugs inevitably arises from tumor cell-intrinsic and tumor microenvironment (TME)-mediated mechanisms. Here we report that the proteoglycan tandem repeat 1 (PTR1) domain of the TME matrix protein, hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1), induces a host of cell survival genes in MM cells and variable resistance to different classes of clinical drugs, including certain proteasome inhibitors, steroids, immunomodulatory drugs, and DNA damaging agents, in several MM cell lines tested. Collectively, our study identifies HAPLN1 as an extracellular matrix factor that can simultaneously confer MM cell resistance to multiple therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailee Huynh
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Hae Yeun Chang
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Dominique N. Lisiero
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Irene M. Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC), Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Trinayan Kashyap
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Inc., Newton, MA, United States of America
| | - Natalie S. Callander
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC), Madison, WI, United States of America
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3
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Zheng L, Zhang A, Liu J, Liu M, Zhang Y. HDAC1 promotes the migration of human myeloma cells via regulation of the lncRNA/Slug axis. Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:3. [PMID: 34738621 PMCID: PMC8589458 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms underlying malignancy in myeloma cells is important for targeted treatment and drug development. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) can regulate the progression of various cancer types; however, their roles in myeloma are not well known. In the present study, the expression of class I HDACs in myeloma cells and tissues was evaluated. Furthermore, the effects of HDAC1 on the migration of myeloma cells and the associated mechanisms were investigated. Among the class I HDACs evaluated, HDAC1 was upregulated in both myeloma cells and tissues. Targeted inhibition of HDAC1 suppressed the migration of myeloma cells. Of the assessed transcription factors, small interfering (si)‑HDAC1 decreased the expression of Slug. Overexpression of Slug reversed the si‑HDAC1‑mediated suppressed migration of myeloma cells. Mechanistically, the results revealed that HDAC1 regulated the mRNA stability of Slug, while it had no effect on its transcription or nuclear export. Furthermore, HDAC1 negatively regulated the expression of long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA) NONHSAT113026, which could bind with the 3'‑untranslated region of Slug mRNA to facilitate its degradation. The present study demonstrated that HDAC1 promoted the migration of human myeloma cells via regulation of lncRNA/Slug signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Zheng
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Ang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Jishan Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yikun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
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4
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El Yaagoubi OM, Oularbi L, Bouyahya A, Samaki H, El Antri S, Aboudkhil S. The role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skin cancer development: 26S proteasome-activated NF-κB signal transduction. Cancer Biol Ther 2021; 22:479-492. [PMID: 34583610 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.1978785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System plays a central role in signal transduction associated with stress, in the skin in particular by the control of NF-κB pathways. Under normal conditions, the inhibitory protein IκB is phosphorylated by kinases, then ubiquitinated and ends up at the proteasome to be degraded. The present short review discusses recent progress in the inhibition of NF-κB activation by proteasome inhibitors prevents the degradation of protein IκB, which accumulates in the cytosol, and there by the activation of NF-κB. Moreover, would not only limit the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines involved in metastatic processes, but also increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to apoptosis. Considering this fact, the activity of NF-κB is regulated by the phosphorylation and proteasome-dependent degradation of its inhibitor Iκb. In this scenario, the use of a proteasome inhibitor might be an effective strategy in the treatment of skin cancer with constitutive activation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouadie Mohamed El Yaagoubi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-Food (URAC 36) -Faculty of Sciences and Technology -Mohammedia, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Larbi Oularbi
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes, and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology-Mohammedia, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.,Supramolecular Nanomaterials Group (SNG), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir Morocco
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.,Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hamid Samaki
- National Institute of Social Action (INAS), Tangier, Morocco
| | - Said El Antri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-Food (URAC 36) -Faculty of Sciences and Technology -Mohammedia, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Souad Aboudkhil
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-Food (URAC 36) -Faculty of Sciences and Technology -Mohammedia, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
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5
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Osteosarcoma in Children: Not Only Chemotherapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090923. [PMID: 34577623 PMCID: PMC8471047 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most severe bone malignant tumor, responsible for altered osteoid deposition and with a high rate of metastasis. It is characterized by heterogeneity, chemoresistance and its interaction with bone microenvironment. The 5-year survival rate is about 67% for patients with localized OS, while it remains at 20% in case of metastases. The standard therapy for OS patients is represented by neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical resection, and adjuvant chemotherapy. The most used chemotherapy regimen for children is the combination of high-dose methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. Considered that the necessary administration of high-dose chemotherapy is responsible for a lot of acute and chronic side effects, the identification of novel therapeutic strategies to ameliorate OS outcome and the patients' life expectancy is necessary. In this review we provide an overview on new possible innovative therapeutic strategies in OS.
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6
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Kurozumi N, Tsujioka T, Ouchida M, Sakakibara K, Nakahara T, Suemori SI, Takeuchi M, Kitanaka A, Shibakura M, Tohyama K. VLX1570 induces apoptosis through the generation of ROS and induction of ER stress on leukemia cell lines. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:3302-3313. [PMID: 34032336 PMCID: PMC8353915 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel proteasome deubiquitinase inhibitor, VLX1570, has been highlighted as a promising therapeutic agent mainly for lymphoid neoplasms and solid tumors. We examined in vitro effects of VLX1570 on eight myeloid and three lymphoid leukemia cell lines. From cell culture studies, 10 out of 11 cell lines except K562 were found to be susceptible to VLX1570 treatment and it inhibited cell growth mainly by apoptosis. Next, to identify the signaling pathways associated with apoptosis, we performed gene expression profiling using HL‐60 with or without 50 nmol/L of VLX1570 for 3 hours and demonstrated that VLX1570 induced the genetic pathway involved in “heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) activation”, “HSF1 dependent transactivation”, and “Regulation of HSF1 mediated heat shock response”. VLX1570 increased the amount of high molecular weight polyubiquitinated proteins and the expression of HSP70 as the result of the suppression of ubiquitin proteasome system, the expression of heme oxygenase‐1, and the amount of phosphorylation in JNK and p38 associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced apoptosis and the amount of phosphorylation in eIF2α, inducing the expression of ATF4 and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress dependent apoptosis protein, CHOP, and the amount of phosphorylation slightly in IRE1α, leading to increased expression of XBP‐1s in leukemia cell lines. In the present study, we demonstrate that VLX1570 induces apoptosis and exerts a potential anti‐leukemic effect through the generation of ROS and induction of ER stress in leukemia cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Kurozumi
- Division of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan.,Field of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tsujioka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mamoru Ouchida
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kanae Sakakibara
- Division of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takako Nakahara
- Division of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Masaki Takeuchi
- Division of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akira Kitanaka
- Division of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Misako Shibakura
- Field of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tohyama
- Division of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
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7
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Pellegrini P, Selvaraju K, Faustini E, Mofers A, Zhang X, Ternerot J, Schubert A, Linder S, D′Arcy P. Induction of ER Stress in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells by the Deubiquitinase Inhibitor VLX1570. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134757. [PMID: 32635430 PMCID: PMC7369842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is a validated target of cancer therapeutics. Inhibition of proteasome activity results in the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) characterized by phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), global translational arrest, and increased expression of the proapoptotic CHOP (C/EBP homologous protein) protein. Defects in the UPR response has been reported to result in altered sensitivity of tumor cells to proteasome inhibitors. Here, we characterized the effects of the deubiquitinase (DUB) inhibitor VLX1570 on protein homeostasis, both at the level of the UPR and on protein translation, in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Similar to the 20S inhibitor bortezomib, VLX1570 induced accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins and increased expression of the chaperone Grp78/Bip in ALL cells. Both compounds induced cleavage of PARP (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) in ALL cells, consistent with induction of apoptosis. However, and in contrast to bortezomib, VLX1570 treatment resulted in limited induction of the proapoptotic CHOP protein. Translational inhibition was observed by both bortezomib and VLX1570. We report that in distinction to bortezomib, suppression of translation by VXL1570 occurred at the level of elongation. Increased levels of Hsc70/Hsp70 proteins were observed on polysomes following exposure to VLX1570, possibly suggesting defects in nascent protein folding. Our findings demonstrate apoptosis induction in ALL cells that appears to be uncoupled from CHOP induction, and show that VLX1570 suppresses protein translation by a mechanism distinct from that of bortezomib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pellegrini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.P.); (K.S.); (E.F.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Karthik Selvaraju
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.P.); (K.S.); (E.F.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Elena Faustini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.P.); (K.S.); (E.F.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Arjan Mofers
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.P.); (K.S.); (E.F.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Jens Ternerot
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.P.); (K.S.); (E.F.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Alice Schubert
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.P.); (K.S.); (E.F.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Stig Linder
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.P.); (K.S.); (E.F.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pádraig D′Arcy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden; (P.P.); (K.S.); (E.F.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Richardson PG, Nagler A, Ben‐Yehuda D, Badros A, Hari PN, Hajek R, Spicka I, Kaya H, LeBlanc R, Yoon S, Kim K, Martinez‐Lopez J, Mittelman M, Shpilberg O, Blake P, Hideshima T, Colson K, Laubach JP, Ghobrial IM, Leiba M, Gatt ME, Sportelli P, Chen M, Anderson KC. Randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study of perifosine combined with bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma previously treated with bortezomib. EJHAEM 2020; 1:94-102. [PMID: 35847734 PMCID: PMC9175725 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Perifosine, an investigational, oral, synthetic alkylphospholipid, inhibits signal transduction pathways of relevance in multiple myeloma (MM) including PI3K/Akt. Perifosine demonstrated anti-MM activity in preclinical studies and encouraging early-phase clinical activity in combination with bortezomib. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study was conducted to evaluate addition of perifosine to bortezomib-dexamethasone in MM patients with one to four prior therapies who had relapsed following previous bortezomib-based therapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The study was discontinued at planned interim analysis, with 135 patients enrolled. Median PFS was 22.7 weeks (95% confidence interval 16·0-45·4) in the perifosine arm and 39.0 weeks (18.3-50.1) in the placebo arm (hazard ratio 1.269 [0.817-1.969]; P = .287); overall response rates were 20% and 27%, respectively. Conversely, median overall survival (OS) was 141.9 weeks and 83.3 weeks (hazard ratio 0.734 [0.380-1.419]; P = .356). Overall, 61% and 55% of patients in the perifosine and placebo arms reported grade 3/4 adverse events, including thrombocytopenia (26% vs 14%), anemia (7% vs 8%), hyponatremia (6% vs 8%), and pneumonia (9% vs 3%). These findings demonstrate no PFS benefit from the addition of perifosine to bortezomib-dexamethasone in this study of relapsed/refractory MM, but comparable safety and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G. Richardson
- Jerome Lipper Center for Multiple Myeloma ResearchDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Ashraf Badros
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Parameswaran N. Hari
- Department of Hematology/OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Roman Hajek
- Department of HematooncologyUniversity Hospital, Ostrava, and Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OstravaOstravaCzech Republic
| | - Ivan Spicka
- First Department of Medicine, Department of HematologyFirst Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General Hospital in PraguePragueCzech Republic
| | - Hakan Kaya
- Cancer Care NorthwestSpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Richard LeBlanc
- CIUSSS de l'est de l’île de MontréalUniversity of MontrealMontrealCanada
| | - Sung‐Soo Yoon
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| | | | | | - Ofer Shpilberg
- Institute of HematologyAssuta Medical CentersTel Aviv and Ariel UniversityArielIsrael
| | | | - Teru Hideshima
- Jerome Lipper Center for Multiple Myeloma ResearchDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kathleen Colson
- Jerome Lipper Center for Multiple Myeloma ResearchDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jacob P. Laubach
- Jerome Lipper Center for Multiple Myeloma ResearchDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Irene M. Ghobrial
- Jerome Lipper Center for Multiple Myeloma ResearchDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Merav Leiba
- Assuta Ashdod University HospitalFaculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShebaIsrael
| | | | | | | | - Kenneth C. Anderson
- Jerome Lipper Center for Multiple Myeloma ResearchDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
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9
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Zang M, Guo J, Liu L, Jin F, Feng X, An G, Qin X, Wu Y, Lei Q, Meng B, Zhu Y, Guan Y, Deng S, Hao M, Xu Y, Zou D, Wu M, Qiu L, Zhou W. Cdc37 suppression induces plasma cell immaturation and bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma via Xbp1s. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:31. [PMID: 32139666 PMCID: PMC7058164 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-0216-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent hematologic malignancy. Although the use of bortezomib (BTZ) significantly improves MM therapy, intrinsic and acquired drug resistance to BTZ remains a major clinical problem. In this study, we find that Cdc37, a key co-chaperone of Hsp90, is downregulated in relapsed MM patients, especially after BTZ treatment, suggesting a link between Cdc37 and BTZ resistance. Suppression of Cdc37 or inhibition of Cdc37/Hsp90 association induces plasma cell dedifferentiation, quiescence of MM cells, and BTZ resistance in MM. Furthermore, we discover that Cdc37 expression correlates positively with Xbp1s, a critical transcription factor for plasma cell differentiation in MM samples. Depletion/inhibition of Cdc37 downregulates Xbp1s, while overexpression of Xbp1s in MM cell lines partially rescues plasma immaturation and BTZ resistance. It is suggested that Xbp1s may act as a key downstream effector of Cdc37. Experiments with a mouse model also demonstrate that Cdc37 inhibition promotes plasma cell immaturation, confers BTZ resistance, and increases MM progression in vivo. Together, we identify a critical factor and a new signaling mechanism that regulate plasma cell immaturation and BTZ resistance in MM cells. Our findings may constitute a novel strategy that overcomes BTZ resistance in MM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Guo
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Lanting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengyan Jin
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangling Feng
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gang An
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangbowen Wu
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Meng
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yinghong Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yongjun Guan
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Shuhui Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Mu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Dehui Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Lugui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
| | - Wen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, China.
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10
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Oxidative Stress Induced by the Deubiquitinase Inhibitor b-AP15 Is Associated with Mitochondrial Impairment. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1659468. [PMID: 31281566 PMCID: PMC6590552 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1659468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of the 20S proteasome such as bortezomib are cytotoxic to tumor cells and have been proven to be valuable for the clinical management of multiple myeloma. The therapeutic efficacy of bortezomib is, however, hampered by the emergence of acquired resistance. Available data suggest that blocking proteasome activity at the level of proteasome-associated deubiquitinases (DUBs) provides a mechanism to overcome resistance to bortezomib and also to other cancer therapies. The small molecule b-AP15 is an inhibitor of proteasome-associated DUB activity that induces both proteotoxic stress and increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor cells. Antioxidants have been shown to decrease apoptosis induction by b-AP15 and we here addressed the question of the mechanism of redox perturbation by this compound. We show that oxidative stress induction by b-AP15 is abrogated in cells deprived of mitochondrial DNA (ρ0 cells). We also show associations between the level of proteotoxic stress, the degree of mitochondrial dysfunction, and the extent of induction of hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), a target of the redox-regulated Nrf-2 transcription factor. Decreased expression of COX5b (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5b) and TOMM34 (translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 34) was observed in b-AP15-treated cells. These findings suggest a mitochondrial origin of the increased levels of ROS observed in cells exposed to the DUB inhibitor b-AP15.
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Nucleotide excision repair is a potential therapeutic target in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2017; 32:111-119. [PMID: 28588253 PMCID: PMC5720937 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the development of novel drugs, alkylating agents remain an important component of therapy in multiple myeloma (MM). DNA repair processes contribute towards sensitivity to alkylating agents and therefore we here evaluate the role of nucleotide excision repair (NER), which is involved in the removal of bulky adducts and DNA crosslinks in MM. We first evaluated NER activity using a novel functional assay and observed a heterogeneous NER efficiency in MM cell lines and patient samples. Using next-generation sequencing data, we identified that expression of the canonical NER gene, excision repair cross-complementation group 3 (ERCC3), significantly impacted the outcome in newly diagnosed MM patients treated with alkylating agents. Next, using small RNA interference, stable knockdown and overexpression, and small-molecule inhibitors targeting xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group B (XPB), the DNA helicase encoded by ERCC3, we demonstrate that NER inhibition significantly increases sensitivity and overcomes resistance to alkylating agents in MM. Moreover, inhibiting XPB leads to the dual inhibition of NER and transcription and is particularly efficient in myeloma cells. Altogether, we show that NER impacts alkylating agents sensitivity in myeloma cells and identify ERCC3 as a potential therapeutic target in MM.
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The proteasome deubiquitinase inhibitor VLX1570 shows selectivity for ubiquitin-specific protease-14 and induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26979. [PMID: 27264969 PMCID: PMC4893612 DOI: 10.1038/srep26979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of deubiquitinase (DUB) activity is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. VLX1570 is an inhibitor of proteasome DUB activity currently in clinical trials for relapsed multiple myeloma. Here we show that VLX1570 binds to and inhibits the activity of ubiquitin-specific protease-14 (USP14) in vitro, with comparatively weaker inhibitory activity towards UCHL5 (ubiquitin-C-terminal hydrolase-5). Exposure of multiple myeloma cells to VLX1570 resulted in thermostabilization of USP14 at therapeutically relevant concentrations. Transient knockdown of USP14 or UCHL5 expression by electroporation of siRNA reduced the viability of multiple myeloma cells. Treatment of multiple myeloma cells with VLX1570 induced the accumulation of proteasome-bound high molecular weight polyubiquitin conjugates and an apoptotic response. Sensitivity to VLX1570 was moderately affected by altered drug uptake, but was unaffected by overexpression of BCL2-family proteins or inhibitors of caspase activity. Finally, treatment with VLX1570 was found to lead to extended survival in xenograft models of multiple myeloma. Our findings demonstrate promising antiproliferative activity of VLX1570 in multiple myeloma, primarily associated with inhibition of USP14 activity.
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Koenders MA, Saso R. A mathematical model of cell equilibrium and joint cell formation in multiple myeloma. J Theor Biol 2016; 390:73-9. [PMID: 26643942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease healthy bone remodelling is affected by tumour cells by means of paracrine cytokinetic signalling in such a way that osteoclast formation is enhanced and the growth of osteoblast cells inhibited. The participating cytokines are described in the literature. Osteoclast-induced myeloma cell growth is also reported. Based on existing mathematical models for healthy bone remodelling a three-way equilibrium model is presented for osteoclasts, osteoblasts and myeloma cell populations to describe the progress of the illness in a scenario in which there is a secular increase in the cytokinetic interactive effectiveness of paracrine processes. The equilibrium state for the system is obtained. The paracrine interactive effectiveness is explored by parameter variation and the stable region in the parameter space is identified. Then recently-discovered joint myeloma-osteoclast cells are added to the model to describe the populations inside lytic lesions. It transpires that their presence expands the available parameter space for stable equilibrium, thus permitting a detrimental, larger population of osteoclasts and myeloma cells. A possible relapse mechanism for the illness is explored by letting joint cells dissociate. The mathematics then permits the evaluation of the evolution of the cell populations as a function of time during relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Koenders
- Department Engineering and The Environment, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - R Saso
- Bud Flanagan Ambulatory Outpatients Unit, The Royal Marsden, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5 PT, UK
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Szalat R, Munshi NC. Genomic heterogeneity in multiple myeloma. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2015; 30:56-65. [PMID: 25982873 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy in majority of patients characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells. To date, treatment is established based on general conditions and age of patients. However, MM is a heterogeneous disease, featured by various subtypes and different outcomes. Thus, the understanding of MM biology is currently a major challenge to eventually cure the disease. During the last decade, karyotype studies and gene expression profiling have identified robust prognostic markers as well as a widespread genomic landscape. More recently, studies of epigenetic, transcriptional modifications and next generation sequencing have allowed characterization of critical genes and pathways, clonal heterogeneity and mutational profiles involved in myelomagenesis. Altogether, these findings constitute important tools to develop new targeted and personalized therapies in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Szalat
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nikhil C Munshi
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States.
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Teicher BA, Tomaszewski JE. Proteasome inhibitors. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 96:1-9. [PMID: 25935605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors have a 20 year history in cancer therapy. The first proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib (Velcade, PS-341), a break-through multiple myeloma treatment, moved rapidly through development from bench in 1994 to first approval in 2003. Bortezomib is a reversible boronic acid inhibitor of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome. Next generation proteasome inhibitors include carfilzomib and oprozomib which are irreversible epoxyketone proteasome inhibitors; and ixazomib and delanzomib which are reversible boronic acid proteasome inhibitors. Two proteasome inhibitors, bortezomib and carfilzomib are FDA approved drugs and ixazomib and oprozomib are in late stage clinical trials. All of the agents are potent cytotoxics. The disease focus for all the proteasome inhibitors is multiple myeloma. This focus arose from clinical observations made in bortezomib early clinical trials. Later preclinical studies confirmed that multiple myeloma cells were indeed more sensitive to proteasome inhibitors than other tumor cell types. The discovery and development of the proteasome inhibitor class of anticancer agents has progressed through a classic route of serendipity and scientific investigation. These agents are continuing to have a major impact in their treatment of hematologic malignancies and are beginning to be explored as potential treatment agent for non-cancer indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly A Teicher
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States.
| | - Joseph E Tomaszewski
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
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