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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Liu Z. CYP4CE1 Metabolized Nitenpyram through Two Types of Oxidation Reaction, Hydroxylation, and N-Demethylation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:20122-20129. [PMID: 39222380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Nitenpyram, taking the place of imidacloprid, is a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide to control Nilaparvata lugens in Asia. Two P450s, CYP4CE1 and CYP6ER1, are key factors in the metabolic resistance against nitenpyram and imidacloprid. In this study, we found that CYP4CE1 expression was strongly associated with nitenpyram resistance in 8 field-collected populations, whereas CYP6ER1 expression correlated with imidacloprid resistance. Hence, we focused on nitenpyram metabolism by CYP4CE1, due to that imidacloprid metabolism by CYP6ER1 has intensively investigated. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that recombinant CYP4CE1 metabolized nitenpyram into three products, N-desmethyl nitenpyram, hydroxy-nitenpyram, and N-desmethyl hydroxy-nitenpyram, with a preference for hydroxylation. In contrast, CYP6ER1 metabolized nitenpyram into a single product, N-desmethyl nitenpyram. These results provide new insights into the specific catalytic mechanisms of P450 enzymes in neonicotinoid metabolism and underscore the importance of different catalytic reactions in neonicotinoid insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
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Zhang H, Lin X, Yang B, Zhang L, Liu Z. Two Point Mutations in CYP4CE1 Promoter Contributed to the Differential Regulation of CYP4CE1 Expression by FoxO between Susceptible and Nitenpyram-Resistant Nilaparvata lugens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1779-1786. [PMID: 38215467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Four P450s were reported to be important for imidacloprid resistance in Nilaparvata lugens, a major insect pest on rice, which was confirmed in this study in an imidacloprid-resistant strain (ImiR). Here we found that only two (CYP4CE1 and CYP6ER1) from these four P450 genes were overexpressed in a nitenpyram-resistant strain (NitR) when compared to a susceptible strain (SUS). CYP4CE1 RNAi reduced nitenpyram and imidacloprid resistance in NitR and ImiR strains, with a greater reduction in nitenpyram resistance. The transcription factor FoxO mediated nitenpyram resistance in NitR and ImiR strains, but it was not differentially expressed among strains. The potential reason for the differential regulation of FoxO on CYP4CE1 expression was mainly from sequence differences in the CYP4CE1 promoter between susceptible and resistant insects. In six FoxO response elements predicted in the CYP4CE1 promoter, the single-nucleotide polymorphisms were frequently detected in over 50% of NitR and ImiR individuals. The luciferase reporter assays showed that two mutations, -650T/G and -2205T/A in two response elements at the positions of -648 and -2200 bp, mainly contributed to the enhanced regulation on CYP4CE1 expression by FoxO in resistant insects. The frequency was over 69% for both -650T/G and -2205T/A detected in NitR and ImiR individuals but less than 20% in SUS insects. In conclusion, CYP4CE1 overexpression importantly contributed to nitenpyram resistance in N. lugens, and two mutations in the CYP4CE1 promoter of resistant insects led to an enhanced regulation on CYP4CE1 expression by FoxO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xumin Lin
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Baojun Yang
- Rice Technology Research and Development Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Stadium 359, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lingchun Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
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Zhang HH, Yang BJ, Wu Y, Gao HL, Lin XM, Zou JZ, Liu ZW. Characterization of neutral lipases revealed the tissue-specific triacylglycerol hydrolytic activity in Nilaparvata lugens. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:693-704. [PMID: 36093889 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The lipid metabolism plays an essential role in the development and reproduction of insects, and lipases are important enzymes in lipid metabolism. In Nilaparvata lugens, an important insect pest on rice, triacylglycerol hydrolytic activities were different among tissues, with high activity in integument, ovary, and fat body, but low activity in intestine. To figure out the tissue-specific triacylglycerol hydrolytic activity, we identified 43 lipases in N. lugens. Of these 43 lipases, 23 belonged to neutral lipases, so this group was selected to perform further experiments on triacylglycerol hydrolysis. The complete motifs of catalytic triads, β9 loop, and lid motif, are required for the triacylglycerol hydrolytic activity in neutral lipases, which were found in some neutral lipases with high gene expression levels in integument and ovary, but not in intestine. The recombinant proteins of 3 neutral lipases with or without 3 complete motifs were obtained, and the activity determination confirmed the importance of 3 motifs. Silencing XM_022331066.1, which is highly expressed in ovary and with 3 complete motifs, significantly decreased the egg production and hatchability of N. lugens, partially through decline of the lipid metabolism. In summary, at least one-third of important motifs were incomplete in all neutral lipases with high gene expression in intestine, which could partially explain why the lipase activity in intestine was much lower than that in other tissues. The low activity to hydrolyze triacylglycerol in N. lugens intestine might be associated with its food resource and nutrient components, and the ovary-specific neutral lipases were important for N. lugens reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bao-Jun Yang
- Rice Technology Research and Development Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao-Li Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu-Min Lin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Zheng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ze-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Yang Q, Smagghe G, Staes A, Gevaert K, De Schutter K. α-1,6-fucosyltransferase plays a critical role during embryogenesis of the hemimetabolous insect Nilaparvata lugens. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 154:103918. [PMID: 36758646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications, modulating the properties of proteins. In insects, α-1,6-fucosyltransferase (FucT6) is an important enzyme in the glycosylation pathway, modifying the core structure of N-glycans on glycoproteins with the addition of a fucose residue. In our previous study, RNAi-mediated silencing of FucT6 in the third-instar nymphs of Nilaparvata lugens caused a failure of the ecdysis process during nymphal development, leading to high mortality. These results suggested the requirement of FucT6 during nymphal development in N. lugens. In this study, RNAi-mediated gene silencing of FucT6 in adults did not cause lethality. However, parental RNAi of FucT6 led to full failure in the hatching of eggs, and this effect was maternally mediated. Interestingly, gene expression levels of FucT6 in the eggs peaked at the katatrepsis event, where the embryo rotates 180° resulting in the head pointing towards the anterior side of the egg. Proteome analysis showed significant differences in the abundance of proteins between different embryonal developmental stages, suggesting the crucial role of FucT6 mediated core N-fucosylation in embryonal development. Therefore, correct α-1,6-fucosylation of glycoproteins is important for N. lugens during embryonic development and this study provides new insights into the role of N-glycosylation in embryogenesis in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Yang
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - An Staes
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology (CMB), Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Gevaert
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology (CMB), Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Kang DS, Kim Y, Stanley D. What is in a model? ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 112:e21972. [PMID: 36164283 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
After reading contradictory claims of model status for some insect species, we feel a brief discussion of the topic may be useful. Here, we document a few examples where clarity on model status seems to be lacking, briefly review work on widely recognized models, and offer criteria for including any given species as a model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Kang
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Yonggyun Kim
- Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | - David Stanley
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2019-2020. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21806. [PMID: 36468275 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2020. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. The review is basically divided into three sections: (1) general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, quantification and the use of arrays. (2) Applications to various structural types such as oligo- and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals, and (3) other areas such as medicine, industrial processes and glycan synthesis where MALDI is extensively used. Much of the material relating to applications is presented in tabular form. The reported work shows increasing use of incorporation of new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented nearly 40 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show little sign of diminishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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Liu D, De Schutter K, Far J, Staes A, Dewettinck K, Quinton L, Gevaert K, Smagghe G. RNAi of Mannosidase-Ia in the Colorado potato beetle and changes in the midgut and peritrophic membrane. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:5071-5079. [PMID: 36053804 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to its role in the digestive system, the peritrophic membrane (PM) provides a physical barrier protecting the intestine from abrasion and against pathogens. Because of its sensitivity to RNA interference (RNAi), the notorious pest insect, the Colorado potato beetle (CPB, Leptinotarsa decemlineata), has become a model insect for functional studies. Previously, RNAi-mediated silencing of Mannosidase-Ia (ManIa), a key enzyme in the transition from high-mannose glycan moieties to paucimannose N-glycans, was shown to disrupt the transition from larva to pupa and the metamorphosis into adult beetles. While these effects at the organismal level were interesting in a pest control context, the effects at the organ or tissue level and also immune effects have not been investigated yet. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an analysis of the midgut and PM in ManIa-silenced insects. RESULTS As marked phenotype, the ManIaRNAi insects, the PM pore size was found to be decreased when compared to the control GFPRNAi insects. These smaller pores are related to the observation of thinner microvilli (Mv) on the epithelial cells of the midgut of ManIaRNAi insects. A midgut and PM proteome study and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis with a selection of marker genes was performed to characterize the midgut cells and understand their response to the silencing of ManIa. In agreement with the loss of ManIa activity, an accumulation of high-mannose N-glycans was observed in the ManIa-silenced insects. As a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), the presence of these glycan structures could trigger the activation of the immune pathways. CONCLUSION The observed decrease in PM pore size could be a response to prevent potential pathogens to access the midgut epithelium. This hypothesis is supported by the strong increase in transcription levels of the anti-fungal peptide drosomycin-like in ManIaRNAi insects, although further research is required to elucidate this possibility. The potential immune response in the midgut and the smaller pore size in the PM shed a light on the function of the PM as a physical barrier and provide evidence for the relation between the Mv and PM. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Liu
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johann Far
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - An Staes
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Koen Dewettinck
- Food Structure and Function Research Group, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Loic Quinton
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Kris Gevaert
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Bacteria-derived pesticidal proteins active against hemipteran pests. J Invertebr Pathol 2022; 195:107834. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2022.107834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Liu D, De Schutter K, Chen P, Smagghe G. The N-glycosylation-related genes as potential targets for RNAi-mediated pest control of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3815-3822. [PMID: 34821017 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-glycosylation is one of the most common and important post-translational modifications in the eukaryotic cell. The study of protein N-glycosylation in several model insects confirmed the importance of this process in insect development, immunity, survival and fertility. The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) (CPB) is a common pest of Solanaceae crops. With the infamous title of champion of insecticide resistance, novel pest control strategies for this insect are needed. Luckily this pest insect is reported as very sensitive for the post-genomic technology of RNA interference (RNAi). RESULTS In this project, we investigated the importance of N-glycosylation in the survival and development of CPB using RNAi-mediated gene silencing of N-glycosylation-related genes (NGRGs) during the different transition steps from the larva, through the pupa to the adult stage. High mortality was observed in the larval stage with the silencing of early NGRGs, as STT3a, DAD1 and GCS1. With dsRNA against middle NGRGs, abnormal phenotypes at the ecdysis process and adult formation were observed, while the silencing of late NGRGs did not cause mortality. CONCLUSION The lethal phenotypes observed on silencing of the genes involved in the early processing steps of the N-glycosylation pathway suggest these genes are good candidates for RNAi-mediated control of CPB. Next to the gene-specific mechanism of RNAi for biosafety and possible implementation in integrated pest management, we believe these early NGRGs provide a possible alternative to the well-known target genes Snf7 and vacuolar ATPases that are now used in the first commercial RNAi-based products and thus they may be useful in the context of proactive resistance management. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Liu
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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10
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Temporal analysis of N-acetylglucosamine extension of N-glycans in the middle silk gland of silkworm Bombyx mori. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 133:533-540. [PMID: 35397991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
N-glycosylation of proteins is an important post-translational modification in eukaryotic cells. One of the key modifications in protein N-glycosylation is N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) extension mediated by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GNTI), which triggers N-glycan maturation from high-mannose-type to hybrid- and complex-type structures in Golgi. However, the temporal contributions of GNTI to GlcNAc extension and the resultant N-glycan structures in insects have not been analyzed. Here, focusing on GlcNAc extension of N-glycan in the silkworm Bombyx mori, we analyzed the temporal N-glycan alterations in the middle silk gland (MSG) and characterized the property of key enzyme for complex-type N-glycan biosynthesis, B. mori GNTI (BmGNTI). N-glycan analysis of N-glycoproteins in the MSG demonstrated that BmGNTI identified and characterized in this study consistently contributed to GlcNAc extension of N-glycans, which led to the accumulation of GlcNAc-extended N-glycans as predominant structures throughout the MSG development. The expression profile of GlcNAc extension-related genes revealed that the enzymes contributing to the hydrolysis of GlcNAc showed stage-specific expressions, thereby resulting in accumulations of the end product N-glycans of the enzyme. These results lead to the speculation that not BmGNTI but rather glycosylhydrolases critically influenced the structural formations and the changes in the ratio of N-glycans with GlcNAc residue(s) in MSG.
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Chen P, De Schutter K, Pauwels J, Gevaert K, Van Damme EJM, Smagghe G. Binding of Orysata lectin induces an immune response in insect cells. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:717-729. [PMID: 34473412 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, plant lectinshave been shown to possess immunomodulatory properties, acting in both the innate and adaptive immune system to modulate the production of mediators of the immune response, ultimately improving host defences. At present, knowledge of immunomodulatory effects of plant lectins in insects is scarce. Treatment of insect cells with the Orysa sativa lectin, Orysata, was previously reported to induce cell aggregation, mimicking the immune process of encapsulation. In this project we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effects of this mannose-binding lectin using Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells. Identification of the Orysata binding partners on the surface of S2 cells through a pull-down assay and proteomic analysis revealed 221 putative interactors, several of which were immunity-related proteins. Subsequent qPCR analysis revealed the upregulation of Toll- and immune deficiency (IMD)-regulated antimicrobial peptides (Drs, Mtk, AttA, and Dpt) and signal transducers (Rel and Hid) belonging to the IMD pathway. In addition, the iron-binding protein Transferrin 3 was identified as a putative interactor for Orysata, and treatment of S2 cells with Orysata was shown to reduce the intracellular iron concentration. All together, we believe these results offer a new perspective on the effects by which plant lectins influence insect cells and contribute to the study of their immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jarne Pauwels
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Els J M Van Damme
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Yang Q, De Schutter K, Chen P, Van Damme EJM, Smagghe G. RNAi of the N-glycosylation-related genes confirms their importance in insect development and α-1,6-fucosyltransferase plays a role in the ecdysis event for the hemimetabolous pest insect Nilaparvata lugens. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:91-99. [PMID: 33860636 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently N-glycosylation was found to be required for the postembryonic development and metamorphosis of the holometabolous beetle Tribolium castaneum. However, the role of N-glycosylation in the development of hemimetabolous insects is unknown. To further elucidate the role of N-glycosylation in the development of insects, a functional characterization of the N-glycosylation-related genes (NGRGs) was performed in a model insect for hemimetabolous development, namely the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. In this project, we report the effects of RNAi-mediated silencing of 15 NGRGs on the postembryonic development of N. lugens. Two major observations were made. First, interruption of the early steps of N-glycan processing led to a lethal phenotype during the transition from nymph to adult as was observed in T. castaneum. Second, we report here on an essential function for the α-1,6-fucosyl transferase in the ecdysis event of N. lugens between nymphal instars, since gene-silencing by RNAi led to failure of ecdysis and subsequent mortality of the treated insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Yang
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Els J M Van Damme
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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Van Damme EJM. 35 years in plant lectin research: a journey from basic science to applications in agriculture and medicine. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:83-97. [PMID: 34427812 PMCID: PMC8383723 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10015-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants contain an extended group of lectins differing from each other in their molecular structures, biochemical properties and carbohydrate-binding specificities. The heterogeneous group of plant lectins can be classified in several families based on the primary structure of the lectin domain. All proteins composed of one or more lectin domains, or having a domain architecture including one or more lectin domains in combination with other protein domains can be defined as lectins. Plant lectins reside in different cell compartments, and depending on their location will encounter a large variety carbohydrate structures, allowing them to be involved in multiple biological functions. Over the years lectins have been studied intensively for their carbohydrate-binding properties and biological activities, which also resulted in diverse applications. The present overview on plant lectins especially focuses on the structural and functional characteristics of plant lectins and their applications for crop improvement, glycobiology and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Els J. M. Van Damme
- Laboratory of Glycobiology and Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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14
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Zeng X, Novotny MV, Clemmer DE, Trinidad JC. A graphical representation of glycan heterogeneity. Glycobiology 2021; 32:201-207. [PMID: 34939082 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial shortcoming of large scale datasets is often the inability to easily represent and visualize key features. This problem becomes acute when considering the increasing technical ability to profile large numbers of glycopeptides and glycans in recent studies. Here, we describe a simple, concise graphical representation intended to capture the microheterogeneity associated with glycan modification at specific sites. We illustrate this method by showing visual representations of the glycans and glycopeptides from a variety of species. The graphical representation presented allows one to easily discern the compositions of all glycans, similarities and differences of modifications found in different samples, and, in the case of N-linked glycans, the initial steps in the biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University Bloomington, 800 Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Milos V Novotny
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University Bloomington, 800 Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - David E Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University Bloomington, 800 Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Jonathan C Trinidad
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University Bloomington, 800 Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405
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15
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Chen P, De Schutter K, Pauwels J, Gevaert K, Van Damme EJM, Smagghe G. The lectin Orysata induces phosphatase-mediated and carbohydrate-independent aggregation of insect cells. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 131:104241. [PMID: 33845093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lectins, or carbohydrate-binding proteins, can cause agglutination of particular cells. This process is mediated by the interaction of the carbohydrate-binding domain with sugar structures on the cell surface, and this binding can be inhibited by pre-incubation of the lectin with its specific sugars. However, when incubated with insect cells, Orysata, a mannose-binding lectin from rice, caused aggregation of the cells, independent from carbohydrate binding activity. This phenomenon was observed for multiple insect cell lines, confirming the robustness of this phenotype. While the carbohydrate-dependent agglutination of red blood cells happens within minutes, the carbohydrate-independent aggregation of insect cells requires longer incubation times. Further analysis with the galactose-binding lectins SSA and Jacalin, validated the robustness of this lectin-induced, carbohydrate-independent aggregation in different insect cell lines. Since proteomic analysis revealed no changes in the proteome after treatment with the lectins, this cell aggregation is likely caused by the (in) activation or re-organization of the existing surface proteins. The use of inhibitors of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, staurosporine (STS) and a phosphatase inhibitor (PPI) cocktail, pointed to dephosphorylation as a key mechanism in the lectin-induced, carbohydrate-independent aggregation of insect cells. Similar to contact inhibition, cell proliferation in cell aggregates was decreased. Analysis of the marker for cell proliferation, cyclin E, confirmed that aggregated cells enter a quiescent state. The current data offer a new perspective on the mechanism by which lectins execute their activities, specifically through lectin-induced phosphatase-mediated cell aggregation and proliferation inhibition, independent from their carbohydrate-binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jarne Pauwels
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Els J M Van Damme
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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16
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Nakamura S, Miyazaki T, Park EY. α-L-Fucosidase from Bombyx mori has broad substrate specificity and hydrolyzes core fucosylated N-glycans. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 124:103427. [PMID: 32561391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
N-glycans play a role in physiological functions, including glycoprotein conformation, signal transduction, and antigenicity. Insects display both α-1,6- and α-1,3-linked fucose residues bound to the innermost N-acetylglucosamine of N-glycans whereas core α-1,3-fucosylated N-glycans are not found in mammals. Functions of insect core-fucosylated glycans are not clear, and no α-L-fucosidase related to the N-glycan degradation has been identified. In the genome of the domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori, a gene for a protein, BmFucA, belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 29 is a candidate for an α-L-fucosidase gene. In this study, BmFucA was cloned and recombinantly expressed as a glutathione-S-transferase tagged protein (GST-BmFucA). Recombinant GST-BmFucA exhibited broad substrate specificity and hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl α-L-fucopyranoside, 2'-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyl-N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, and 6-fucosyl-N,N'-diacetylchitobiose. Further, GST-BmFucA released fucose from both pyridylaminated complex-type and paucimannose-type glycans that were core-α-1,6-fucosylated. GST-BmFucA also shows hydrolysis activity for core-fucosylated glycans attached to phospholipase A2 from bee venom. BmFucA may be involved in the catabolism of core-fucosylated N-glycans in B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Nakamura
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Miyazaki
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
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17
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Liu SH, Yang BJ, Wang AY, Luo J, Tang J. RNA interference of tyrosine hydroxylase caused rapid mortality by impairing cuticle formation in Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:2225-2232. [PMID: 31981304 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of RNA interference (RNAi) technique in controlling agricultural insect pests has been receiving much attention since the discovery of RNAi. The brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens, a notorious pest of rice, has evolved a high level of resistance to many kinds of insecticides. Tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) is an indispensable survival gene in holometabolous insects, playing key roles in cuticle tanning and immunity. In this study, we investigated whether Th could be used as a potential target in controlling N. lugens. RESULTS Here, we demonstrated that NlTh had a periodical expression pattern during molting with the highest level observed in epidermis. Dysfunction of NlTH by dsNlTh microinjection or 3-IT feeding similarly caused rapid death of N. lugens. Compared with dsGFP control BPHs, dsNlTh injected BPHs (i) had cuticle pigmentation and sclerotizaton defects; (ii) had less endocuticle lamella in tergum integument; (iii) showed higher mortality during the molting process as a result of defective cuticle shedding; (iv) showed feeding disorders indicated by a low number of probe wound dots on rice; (v) had more vulnerable cuticle. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that TH orthologues play a conservative and crucial role for exocuticle tanning in both holometabolous and hemimetabolous insects, and NlTh could be targeted for RNAi-mediated BPH control. The rapid lethal phenotype of NlTH dysfunction BPHs partly induced by cuticle formation defects. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu H Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bao J Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ai Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ju Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Scheys F, Van Damme EJM, Pauwels J, Staes A, Gevaert K, Smagghe G. N-glycosylation Site Analysis Reveals Sex-related Differences in Protein N-glycosylation in the Rice Brown Planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens). Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:529-539. [PMID: 31924694 PMCID: PMC7050106 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a common modification of proteins and critical for a wide range of biological processes. Differences in protein glycosylation between sexes have already been observed in humans, nematodes and trematodes, and have recently also been reported in the rice pest insect Nilaparvata lugens Although protein N-glycosylation in insects is nowadays of high interest because of its potential for exploitation in pest control strategies, the functionality of differential N-glycosylation between sexes is yet unknown. In this study, therefore, the occurrence and role of sex-related protein N-glycosylation in insects were examined. A comprehensive investigation of the N-glycosylation sites from the adult stages of N. lugens was conducted, allowing a qualitative and quantitative comparison between sexes at the glycopeptide level. N-glycopeptide enrichment via lectin capturing using the high mannose/paucimannose-binding lectin Concanavalin A, or the Rhizoctonia solani agglutinin which interacts with complex N-glycans, resulted in the identification of over 1300 N-glycosylation sites derived from over 600 glycoproteins. Comparison of these N-glycopeptides revealed striking differences in protein N-glycosylation between sexes. Male- and female-specific N-glycosylation sites were identified, and some of these sex-specific N-glycosylation sites were shown to be derived from proteins with a putative role in insect reproduction. In addition, differential glycan composition between males and females was observed for proteins shared across sexes. Both lectin blotting experiments as well as transcript expression analyses with complete insects and insect tissues confirmed the observed differences in N-glycosylation of proteins between sexes. In conclusion, this study provides further evidence for protein N-glycosylation to be sex-related in insects. Furthermore, original data on N-glycosylation sites of N. lugens adults are presented, providing novel insights into planthopper's biology and information for future biological pest control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freja Scheys
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Els J M Van Damme
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jarne Pauwels
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - An Staes
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Gevaert
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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19
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Park Y, Kim D, Boorgula GD, De Schutter K, Smagghe G, Šimo L, Archer-Hartmann SA, Azadi P. Alpha-Gal and Cross-Reactive Carbohydrate Determinants in the N-Glycans of Salivary Glands in the Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma americanum. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E18. [PMID: 31936588 PMCID: PMC7157712 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ticks are important ectoparasites and vectors of numerous human and animal pathogens. Ticks secrete saliva that contains various bioactive materials to evade the host defense system, and often facilitates the pathogen transmission. In addition, the Lone star tick saliva is thought to be the sensitizer in red meat allergy that is characterized by an allergic reaction to glycan moieties carrying terminal galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (aGal). To assess N-glycome of Amblyomma americanum, we examined the N-glycan structures in male and female salivary glands at three different feeding stages and in carcasses of partially fed lone star ticks. We also surveyed the genes involved in the N-glycosylation in the tick species. The aGal epitopes and cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) increases over time after the onset of blood feeding in both male and female A. americanum. These CCDs include xylosylation of the core mannose, 1,3-mono and 1,3- and 1,6-difucosylations of the basal GlcNac and mono- or diantennary aGal. Combinations of both xylosylation and aGal and fucosylation and aGal were also found on the N-glycan structures. While the enzymes required for the early steps of the N-glycosylation pathway are quite conserved, the enzymes involved in the later stages of N-glycan maturation in the Golgi apparatus are highly diverged from those of insects. Most of all, we propose that the aGal serves as a molecular mimicry of bioactive proteins during tick feedings on mammalian hosts, while it contributes as a sensitizer of allergy in atypical host human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonseong Park
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.K.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Donghun Kim
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.K.); (G.D.B.)
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Gunavanthi D. Boorgula
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.K.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.D.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.D.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Ladislav Šimo
- UMR BIPAR, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France;
| | | | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (S.A.A.-H.); (P.A.)
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20
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Miyazaki T, Miyashita R, Nakamura S, Ikegaya M, Kato T, Park EY. Biochemical characterization and mutational analysis of silkworm Bombyx mori β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and insight into the substrate specificity of β-1,4-galactosyltransferase family enzymes. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 115:103254. [PMID: 31655162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silkworm Bombyx mori is one of the insect hosts for recombinant protein production at academic and industrial levels. B. mori and other insect cells can produce mammalian proteins with proper posttranslational modifications, such as N-glycosylation, but the structures of N-glycans in B. mori are mainly high mannose- and paucimannose-type, while mammals also produce hybrid- and complex-type glycans. Recently, complex-type N-glycans whose structures are different from mammalian ones have been identified in some insect cell N-glycomes at very low levels compared with levels of high mannose- and paucimannose-type glycans. However, their functions and the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of insect complex-type N-glycans are not clear, and complex-type N-glycans, except for N-acetylglucosamine-terminated glycans, are still not identified in the B. mori N-glycome. Here, we focused on the β-1,4-galactosyltransferase family (also known as glycosyltransferase family 7, GT7) that contains mammalian β-1,4-galactosyltransferase and insect β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. A gene for a GT7 protein (BmGalNAcT) from B. mori was cloned, expressed in a soluble form using a silkworm expression system, and the gene product showed strict β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity but not β-1,4-galactosyltransferase activity. A mutation in Ile298 or Ile310, which are predicted to be located in the active site, reduced its glycosyltransferase activity, suggesting that these residues and the corresponding residues are responsible for substrate specificity of GT7. These results suggested that BmGalNAcT may be involved in the complex-type N-glycans, and moreover, bioinformatics analysis revealed that B. mori might have an extra gene for a GT7 enzyme with different specificity in addition to the known insect GT7 glycosyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatsugu Miyazaki
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Miyashita
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Nakamura
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Marina Ikegaya
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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21
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Liu D, De Schutter K, Smargiasso N, De Pauw E, Van Damme EJM, Smagghe G. The N-glycan profile of the peritrophic membrane in the Colorado potato beetle larva (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 115:27-32. [PMID: 30935980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The insect peritrophic membrane (PM) is a non-cellular structure composed of secreted proteins imbedded in a proteoglycan matrix together with chitin. It separates the midgut epithelium from the intestinal contents, and functions in the digestion of food. Furthermore it acts as a protective barrier against abrasive particles and microbial infections. Here we studied for the first time the N-glycome of the PM. We identified the N-glycan structures present in the PM of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB) at the fourth larval stage using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. In parallel, we correlated the N-glycan data to the presence of the N-glycosylation related genes (NGRGs) in the transcriptome of epithelial midgut cells. The presumed activities of the identified genes support the N-glycan profile resolved for the proteins in the PM. To our knowledge these data are the first report on the N-glycome of the PM of a pest insect. These results will contribute to the study of the importance of N-glycosylation in the function and structure of the PM. In addition, the data can help to find novel targets and design better biopesticides for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Liu
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Smargiasso
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Els J M Van Damme
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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22
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Scheys F, Van Damme EJM, Smagghe G. Let’s talk about sexes: sex-related N-glycosylation in ecologically important invertebrates. Glycoconj J 2019; 37:41-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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