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Glueck DS. Intramolecular attack on coordinated nitriles: metallacycle intermediates in catalytic hydration and beyond. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15953-15960. [PMID: 34643205 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02795f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydration of nitriles is catalyzed by the enzyme nitrile hydratase, with iron or cobalt active sites, and by a variety of synthetic metal complexes. This Perspective focuses on parallels between the reaction mechanism of the enzyme and a class of particularly active catalysts bearing secondary phosphine oxide (SPO) ligands. In both cases, the key catalytic step was proposed to be intramolecular attack on a coordinated nitrile, with either an S-OH or S-O- (enzyme) or a P-OH (synthetic) nucleophile. Attack of water on the heteroatom (S or P) in the resulting metallacycle and proton transfer yields the amide and regenerates the catalyst. Evidence for this mechanism, its relevance to the formation of related metallacycles, and its potential for design of more active catalysts for nitrile hydration is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Glueck
- 6128 Burke Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755, USA.
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2
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Cheng Z, Xia Y, Zhou Z. Recent Advances and Promises in Nitrile Hydratase: From Mechanism to Industrial Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:352. [PMID: 32391348 PMCID: PMC7193024 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrile hydratase (NHase, EC 4.2.1.84) is one type of metalloenzyme participating in the biotransformation of nitriles into amides. Given its catalytic specificity in amide production and eco-friendliness, NHase has overwhelmed its chemical counterpart during the past few decades. However, unclear catalytic mechanism, low thermostablity, and narrow substrate specificity limit the further application of NHase. During the past few years, numerous studies on the theoretical and industrial aspects of NHase have advanced the development of this green catalyst. This review critically focuses on NHase research from recent years, including the natural distribution, gene types, posttranslational modifications, expression, proposed catalytic mechanism, biochemical properties, and potential applications of NHase. The developments of NHase described here are not only useful for further application of NHase, but also beneficial for the development of the fields of biocatalysis and biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhemin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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3
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Vyas KM, Mandal P, Singh R, Mobin SM, Mukhopadhyay S. Arene-ruthenium(II)-phosphine complexes: Green catalysts for hydration of nitriles under mild conditions. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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4
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Singh K, Sarbajna A, Dutta I, Pandey P, Bera JK. Hemilability-Driven Water Activation: A Ni II Catalyst for Base-Free Hydration of Nitriles to Amides. Chemistry 2017; 23:7761-7771. [PMID: 28388810 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The NiII complex 1 containing pyridyl- and hydroxy-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) is synthesized and its catalytic utility for the selective nitrile hydration to the corresponding amide under base-free conditions is evaluated. The title compound exploits a hemilabile pyridyl unit to interact with a catalytically relevant water molecule through hydrogen-bonding and promotes a nucleophilic water attack to the nitrile. A wide variety of nitriles is hydrated to the corresponding amides including the pharmaceutical drugs rufinamide, Rifater, and piracetam. Synthetically challenging α-hydroxyamides are accessed from cyanohydrins under neutral conditions. Related catalysts that lack the pyridyl unit (i.e., compounds 2 and 4) are not active whereas those containing both the pyridyl and the hydroxy or only the pyridyl pendant (i.e., compounds 1 and 3) show substantial activity. The linkage isomer 1' where the hydroxy group is bound to the metal instead of the pyridyl group was isolated under different crystallization conditions insinuating a ligand hemilabile behavior. Additional pKa measurements reveal an accessible pyridyl unit under the catalytic conditions. Kinetic studies support a ligand-promoted nucleophilic water addition to a metal-bound nitrile group. This work reports a Ni-based catalyst that exhibits functional hemilability for hydration chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Abir Sarbajna
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Indranil Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Pragati Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Jitendra K Bera
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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5
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Garduño JA, Garcı́a JJ. Synthesis of Amidines and Benzoxazoles from Activated Nitriles with Ni(0) Catalysts. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A. Garduño
- Facultad de Quı́mica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Juventino J. Garcı́a
- Facultad de Quı́mica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
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6
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Manikandan R, Anitha P, Prakash G, Vijayan P, Viswanathamurthi P, Butcher RJ, Malecki JG. Ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes containing pyridoxal thiosemicarbazone and trans-bis(triphenylphosphine/arsine): Synthesis, structure and their recyclable catalysis of nitriles to amides and synthesis of imidazolines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Tílvez E, Menéndez MI, López R. Unraveling the Reaction Mechanism on Nitrile Hydration Catalyzed by [Pd(OH2)4]2+: Insights from Theory. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:7541-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic400554g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elkin Tílvez
- Departamento de Química
Física y Analítica,
Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Principado de
Asturias, Spain
| | - María I. Menéndez
- Departamento de Química
Física y Analítica,
Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Principado de
Asturias, Spain
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Química
Física y Analítica,
Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Principado de
Asturias, Spain
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8
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Beck R, Shoshani M, Krasinkiewicz J, Hatnean JA, Johnson SA. Synthesis and chemistry of bis(triisopropylphosphine) nickel(i) and nickel(0) precursors. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:1461-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32008h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Buil ML, Cadierno V, Esteruelas MA, Gimeno J, Herrero J, Izquierdo S, Oñate E. Selective Hydration of Nitriles to Amides Promoted by an Os–NHC Catalyst: Formation and X-ray Characterization of κ2-Amidate Intermediates. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3006799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María L. Buil
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis
Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Victorio Cadierno
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis
(Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Departamento
de Quı́mica Orgánica e Inorgánica, IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006
Oviedo, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis
Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Gimeno
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis
(Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Departamento
de Quı́mica Orgánica e Inorgánica, IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006
Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juana Herrero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Quı́mica
y Quı́mica Inorgánica, ETSIIYT, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Susana Izquierdo
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis
Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis
Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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10
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Daw P, Sinha A, Rahaman SMW, Dinda S, Bera JK. Bifunctional Water Activation for Catalytic Hydration of Organonitriles. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300297y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prosenjit Daw
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Arup Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - S. M. Wahidur Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Shrabani Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Jitendra K. Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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11
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Hirano T, Uehara K, Kamata K, Mizuno N. Palladium(II) containing γ-Keggin silicodecatungstate that efficiently catalyzes hydration of nitriles. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6425-33. [PMID: 22428902 DOI: 10.1021/ja3006012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A mixture of Pd(OAc)(2) and TBA(4)[γ-SiW(10)O(34)(H(2)O)(2)] (TBA-SiW10, TBA = [(n-C(4)H(9))(4)N](+)) showed high catalytic activities for hydration of various kinds of structurally diverse nitriles including aromatic, aliphatic, heteroaromatic, and double bond-containing ones. For hydration of 3-cyanopyridine, the turnover frequency was 860 h(-1), and the turnover number reached up to 670. A dipalladium-substituted γ-Keggin silicodecatungstate, [γ-H(2)SiW(10)O(36)Pd(2)(OAc)(2)](4-) (I), was successfully synthesized by the reaction of [γ-SiW(10)O(34)(H(2)O)(2)](4-) with Pd(OAc)(2) in a mixed solvent of acetone and water. The crystal structure of I was a monomeric, dipalladium-substituted, γ-Keggin silicodecatungstate with bidentate acetate ligands. Compound I showed similar activities and selectivities to those of a simple mixture of Pd(OAc)(2) and TBA-SiW10. The kinetic, mechanistic, and density functional theory calculation studies show that the dipalladium site plays an important role in the present hydration, and the nucleophilic attack of a hydroxide or water to the nitrile carbon atom is included in the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Hirano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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12
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Tílvez E, Menéndez MI, López R. On the Mechanism of the [Cp2Mo(OH)(OH2)]+-Catalyzed Nitrile Hydration to Amides: A Theoretical Study. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om200541z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elkin Tílvez
- Departamento de Química
Física y Analítica,
Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Principado de
Asturias, Spain
| | - María I. Menéndez
- Departamento de Química
Física y Analítica,
Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Principado de
Asturias, Spain
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Química
Física y Analítica,
Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Principado de
Asturias, Spain
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13
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Harrison DP, Iovan DA, Myers WH, Sabat M, Wang S, Zottig VE, Harman WD. [4 + 2] Cyclocondensation reactions of tungsten-dihydropyridine complexes and the generation of tri- and tetrasubstituted piperidines. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:18378-87. [PMID: 21961580 DOI: 10.1021/ja2075086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the preparation of functionalized piperidines is described in which various dihydropyridine (DHP) complexes of {TpW(NO)(PMe(3))} that are derived from pyridine-borane undergo [4 + 2] cyclocondensation with enones, enals, nitrosobenzene, and several isocyanates to form [2.2.2] bicyclic species. In several cases the diazabicyclooctene products derived from DHP complexes and isocyanates can be further elaborated into novel syn-2,5-disubstituted and 2,3,6-trisubstituted piperidinamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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14
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García-Álvarez R, Díez J, Crochet P, Cadierno V. Arene–Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing Inexpensive Tris(dimethylamino)phosphine: Highly Efficient Catalysts for the Selective Hydration of Nitriles into Amides. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om2006563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío García-Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Josefina Díez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pascale Crochet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Victorio Cadierno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
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15
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2-Diphenylphosphanyl-4-pyridyl(dimethyl)amine as an effective ligand for the ruthenium(II) complex catalyzed homogeneous hydration of nitriles under neutral conditions. Catal Today 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Abbiati G, Beccalli EM, Rossi E. Groups 9 and 10 Metals-Catalyzed O–H Bond Addition to Unsaturated Molecules. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2011_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Nitrile hydratases (NHases): At the interface of academia and industry. Biotechnol Adv 2010; 28:725-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Revised: 05/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Cadierno V, Díez J, Francos J, Gimeno J. Bis(allyl)ruthenium(IV) Complexes Containing Water-Soluble Phosphane Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Application as Catalysts in the Selective Hydration of Organonitriles into Amides. Chemistry 2010; 16:9808-17. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Arévalo
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F. 04510, México
| | - Juventino J. García
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F. 04510, México
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20
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García-Álvarez R, Díez J, Crochet P, Cadierno V. Arene−Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing Amino−Phosphine Ligands as Catalysts for Nitrile Hydration Reactions. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om1006227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío García-Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Josefina Díez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pascale Crochet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Victorio Cadierno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
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