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Ene N, Vladu MG, Lupescu I, Ionescu AD, Vamanu E. The Production and Analysis of Biodegradable Polymers of Type of Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA) by Pseudomonas putida Strain for the Biomedical Engineering. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:1109-1117. [PMID: 34375190 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210810114117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are bacteria-synthetized biopolymers under unbalanced growth conditions. These biopolymers are considered potential biomaterials for future applications for their biocompatibility and biodegradable features and potential biomaterials for future applications for their biocompatibility and biodegradable characteristics and their ability to be quickly produced and functionalize with strong mechanical resistance. This article is intended to perform microbial fermentation using Pseudomonas putida strain to show the amount of biopolymers of the type polyhydroxyalkanoates with medium-chain-length (mcl-PHA) obtained depending on the type and quantity of added precursors (glucose and fatty acids). METHODS It is important to understand the microbial interaction and mechanism involved in PHA biosynthetis.For these, several methods were used, such as: obtaining microbial biomass by using a Pseudomonas putida strain able of PHA-producing, analysis of biopolymer production by acetone extraction following the Soxhlet method, purification of biopolymer by methanol-ethanol treatment, followed by the estimation of biomass by spectrophotometric analysis and the measurement of the dry weight of cells and the quantification of the amount of biopolymer produced following the gas chromatographic method (GC). RESULTS The highest PHA yield was obtained using octanoic (17 mL in 2000 mL medium) and hexanoic acids (14 mL in 2000 mL medium) as precursors. Consequently, octanoic acid - octanoic acid, heptanoic acid - nonanoic acid, and octanoic acid - hexanoic acid were the mix of precursors that supported the amount of PHA obtained. CONCLUSION Of the 4 types of structurally related substrate, the strain Pseudomonas putida ICCF 319 prefers the C8 sublayer for an elastomeric PHA's biosynthesis with a composition in which the C8 monomer predominates over C6 and C10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Ene
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mărăs,ti Blv. 59, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana-Gratiela Vladu
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mărăs,ti Blv. 59, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Lupescu
- National Institute for Chemical Pharmaceutical Research and Development-ICCF, Vitan Avenue 112, 031299 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Despina Ionescu
- National Institute for Chemical Pharmaceutical Research and Development-ICCF, Vitan Avenue 112, 031299 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mărăs,ti Blv. 59, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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2
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Mezzina MP, Manoli MT, Prieto MA, Nikel PI. Engineering Native and Synthetic Pathways in Pseudomonas putida for the Production of Tailored Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e2000165. [PMID: 33085217 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Growing environmental concern sparks renewed interest in the sustainable production of (bio)materials that can replace oil-derived goods. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are isotactic polymers that play a critical role in the central metabolism of producer bacteria, as they act as dynamic reservoirs of carbon and reducing equivalents. PHAs continue to attract industrial attention as a starting point toward renewable, biodegradable, biocompatible, and versatile thermoplastic and elastomeric materials. Pseudomonas species have been known for long as efficient biopolymer producers, especially for medium-chain-length PHAs. The surge of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches in recent years offers the possibility of exploiting the untapped potential of Pseudomonas cell factories for the production of tailored PHAs. In this article, an overview of the metabolic and regulatory circuits that rule PHA accumulation in Pseudomonas putida is provided, and approaches leading to the biosynthesis of novel polymers (e.g., PHAs including nonbiological chemical elements in their structures) are discussed. The potential of novel PHAs to disrupt existing and future market segments is closer to realization than ever before. The review is concluded by pinpointing challenges that currently hinder the wide adoption of bio-based PHAs, and strategies toward programmable polymer biosynthesis from alternative substrates in engineered P. putida strains are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela P Mezzina
- Systems Environmental Microbiology Group, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - María Tsampika Manoli
- Microbial and Plant Biotechnology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas «Margarita Salas» (CIB-CSIC), Polymer Biotechnology Group, Madrid, 28040, Spain.,Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics Toward a Circular Economy, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - M Auxiliadora Prieto
- Microbial and Plant Biotechnology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas «Margarita Salas» (CIB-CSIC), Polymer Biotechnology Group, Madrid, 28040, Spain.,Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics Toward a Circular Economy, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Pablo I Nikel
- Systems Environmental Microbiology Group, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
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Sangkharak K, Choonut A, Rakkan T, Prasertsan P. The Degradation of Phenanthrene, Pyrene, and Fluoranthene and Its Conversion into Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoate by Novel Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:897-909. [PMID: 31960091 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-01883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Screening of high-efficient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading bacteria is important due to environmental contamination by PAHs. In this study, sediment contaminated with phenanthrene (Phe), pyrene (Pyr), and fluoranthene (Fluo) was used as a source of bacteria. The ability of these isolated bacteria to convert PAHs into valuable products was determined. Based on a primary screening, 20 bacterial isolates were obtained; however, only three strains showed a good PAH-degrading ability, and were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas sp., and Ralstonia sp. PAH-degrading genes were detected in all isolates. Notably, all selected strains could degrade PAHs using the ortho or meta cleavage pathways due to the presence of catechol dioxygenase genes. The ability of isolated strains to convert PAHs into polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) was also evaluated in both single and mixed cultures. Single cultures of P. aeruginosa PAH-P02 showed 100% degradation of PAHs, with the highest biomass (1.27 ± 0.02 g l-1) and PHA content (38.20 ± 1.92% dry cell weight). However, degradative ability and PHA production were decreased when mixtures of PAHs were used. This study showed that P. aeruginosa, Pseudomonas sp., and Ralstonia sp. were able to degrade PAHs and convert them into medium-chain-length (mcl)-PHA. A high content of 3-hydroxydecanoate (3HD, C10) was observed in this study. The formation of mcl-PHA with high 3HD content from Pyr and Fluo, and the assessment of mixed cultures converting PAHs to mcl-PHA, were novel contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokphorn Sangkharak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Thaksin University, Phatthalung, 93210, Thailand.
| | - Aophat Choonut
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Thaksin University, Phatthalung, 93210, Thailand
| | - Thanaphorn Rakkan
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Thaksin University, Phatthalung, 93210, Thailand
| | - Poonsuk Prasertsan
- Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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4
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Zheng Y, Chen JC, Ma YM, Chen GQ. Engineering biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) for diversity and cost reduction. Metab Eng 2019; 58:82-93. [PMID: 31302223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PHA, a family of natural biopolymers aiming to replace non-degradable plastics for short-term usages, has been developed to include various structures such as short-chain-length (scl) and medium-chain-length (mcl) monomers as well as their copolymers. However, PHA market has been grown slowly since 1980s due to limited variety with good mechanical properties and the high production cost. Here, we review most updated strategies or approaches including metabolic engineering, synthetic biology and morphology engineering on expanding PHA diversity, reducing production cost and enhancing PHA production. The extremophilic Halomonas spp. are taken as examples to show the feasibility and challenges to develop next generation industrial biotechnology (NGIB) for producing PHA more competitively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Chun Chen
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yi-Ming Ma
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Center for Nano- and Micro-Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Dept of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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5
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Ishii-Hyakutake M, Mizuno S, Tsuge T. Biosynthesis and Characteristics of Aromatic Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10111267. [PMID: 30961192 PMCID: PMC6401900 DOI: 10.3390/polym10111267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are polyesters synthesized by bacteria as a carbon and energy storage material. PHAs are characterized by thermoplasticity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, and thus have attracted considerable attention for use in medical, agricultural, and marine applications. The properties of PHAs depend on the monomer composition and many types of PHA monomers have been reported. This review focuses on biosynthesized PHAs bearing aromatic groups as side chains. Aromatic PHAs show characteristics different from those of aliphatic PHAs. This review summarizes the types of aromatic PHAs and their characteristics, including their thermal and mechanical properties and degradation behavior. Furthermore, the effect of the introduction of an aromatic monomer on the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PHAs is discussed. The introduction of aromatic monomers into PHA chains is a promising method for improving the properties of PHAs, as the characteristics of aromatic PHAs differ from those of aliphatic PHAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Ishii-Hyakutake
- Bioplastic Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Shoji Mizuno
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Takeharu Tsuge
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
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Burkholderia xenovorans LB400 possesses a functional polyhydroxyalkanoate anabolic pathway encoded by the pha genes and synthesizes poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) under nitrogen-limiting conditions. Int Microbiol 2018; 21:47-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s10123-018-0004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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7
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production from phenol in an acclimated consortium: Batch study and impacts of operational conditions. J Biotechnol 2018; 267:36-44. [PMID: 29305323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial intracellular biopolymer PHA was synthesized from toxic pollutant phenol by an acclimated consortium. Various operational conditions were experimented for their effects on biomass growth and PHA accumulation. Carbon to nitrogen ratios from 5 to 40 (w/w) showed little impact, as did the levels of Fe, Ca and Mg in a short term. Acidic pH inhibited both growth and PHA synthesis, and an optimal dissolved oxygen level of 1-4 mg L-1 was identified. Low temperature (7 °C) significantly slowed but did not totally repress microbial activities. A 2% NaCl shock retarded reactions and 4% NaCl caused irreversible damage. Various initial phenol (S0) and biomass concentrations (X0) were combined to study the effect of food to microbe (F/M) ratio. High S0 and F/M exerted toxicity, reducing reaction rates but generating higher ultimate PHA wt% in biomass. Increasing X0 alleviated phenol inhibition and improved productivity and carbon conversion from phenol. A pseudo-optimized F/M ratio of 0.2-0.4 and a maximum PHA% rate of 1.15% min-1 were identified under medium S0/high X0. This study is the first to systematically investigate the feasibility of toxic industrial waste as the carbon source for PHA production, and likely the only one indicating potential for scaling-up and industrialization.
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Heterologous expression of phaC2 gene and poly-3-hydroxyalkanoate production by recombinant Cupriavidus necator strains using canola oil as carbon source. N Biotechnol 2018; 40:200-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Mizuno S, Hiroe A, Fukui T, Abe H, Tsuge T. Fractionation and thermal characteristics of biosynthesized polyhydoxyalkanoates bearing aromatic groups as side chains. Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2017.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Unusual poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) biosynthesis behavior ofPseudomonas putidaBet001 andDelftia tsuruhatensisBet002 isolated from palm oil mill effluent. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2016; 64:259-269. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Improved productivity of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in thermophilic Chelatococcus daeguensis TAD1 using glycerol as the growth substrate in a fed-batch culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6009-19. [PMID: 25773974 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A particularly successful polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in industrial applications is poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). However, one of the major obstacles for wider application of PHB is the cost of its production and purification. Therefore, it is desirable to discover a method for producing PHB in large quantities at a competitive price. Glycerol is a cheap and widely used carbon source that can be applied in PHB production process. There are numerous advantages to operating fermentation at elevated temperatures; only several thermophilic bacteria are able to accumulate PHB when glycerol is the growth substrate. Here, we report on the possibility of increasing PHB production at low cost using thermophilic Chelatococcus daeguensis TAD1 when glycerol is the growth substrate in a fed-batch culture. We found that (1) excess glycerol inhibited PHB accumulation and (2) organic nitrogen sources, such as tryptone and yeast extract, promoted the growth of C. daeguensis TAD1. In the batch fermentation experiments, we found that using glycerol at low concentrations as the sole carbon source, along with the addition of mixed nitrate (NH4Cl, tryptone, and yeast extract), stimulated PHB accumulation in C. daeguensis TAD1. The results showed that the PHB productivity decreased in the following order: two-stage fed-batch fermentation > fed-batch fermentation > batch fermentation. In optimized culture conditions, a PHB amount of 17.4 g l(-1) was obtained using a two-stage feeding regimen, leading to a productivity rate of 0.434 g l(-1) h(-1), which is the highest productivity rate reported for PHB to date. This high PHB biosynthetic productivity could decrease the total production cost, allowing for further development of industrial applications of PHB.
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12
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Kourmentza C, Ntaikou I, Lyberatos G, Kornaros M. Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Pseudomonas sp. using synthetic and olive mill wastewater under limiting conditions. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 74:202-10. [PMID: 25542172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed at investigating the ability of bacteria isolated from an enriched mixed culture to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and examining the effect of nitrogen and dual nitrogen-oxygen limitation on PHAs production, by using both synthetic and olive mill wastewater (OMW). PHAs production was performed through batch experiments using both the enriched culture and the isolated strains (belonging to the genus of Pseudomonas) aiming to compare PHAs accumulation capacity, yields and rates. The use of enriched culture and synthetic wastewater under nitrogen limitation resulted in the highest PHA accumulation, i.e. 64.4%gPHAs/g of cell dry mass (CDM). However, when OMW was used, PHAs accumulation significantly decreased, i.e. 8.8%gPHAs/g CDM. The same trend was followed by the isolated strains, nevertheless, their ability to synthesize PHAs was lower. Although, dual nitrogen-oxygen limitation generally slowed down PHAs biosynthesis, in certain strains PHAs production was positively affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kourmentza
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Caratheodory Str., 26500 Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas (ICE-HT/FORTH), 26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - I Ntaikou
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas (ICE-HT/FORTH), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - G Lyberatos
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas (ICE-HT/FORTH), 26504 Patras, Greece; School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - M Kornaros
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Caratheodory Str., 26500 Patras, Greece
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Mizuno S, Katsumata S, Hiroe A, Tsuge T. Biosynthesis and thermal characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates bearing phenyl and phenylalkyl side groups. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Le Meur S, Zinn M, Egli T, Thöny-Meyer L, Ren Q. Improved productivity of poly (4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB) in recombinant Escherichia coli using glycerol as the growth substrate with fed-batch culture. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:131. [PMID: 25176327 PMCID: PMC4160554 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-014-0131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The most successful polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in medical applications is poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB), which is due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility and mechanical properties. One of the major obstacles for wider applications of P4HB is the cost of production and purification. It is highly desired to obtain P4HB in large scale at a competitive cost. Results In this work, we studied the possibility to increase P4HB productivity by using high cell density culture. To do so, we investigated for the first time some of the most relevant factors influencing P4HB biosynthesis in recombinant Escherichia coli. We observed that P4HB biosynthesis correlated more with limitations of amino acids and less with nitrogen depletion, contrary to the synthesis of many other types of PHAs. Furthermore, it was found that using glycerol as the primary carbon source, addition of acetic acid at the beginning of a batch culture stimulated P4HB accumulation in E. coli. Fed-batch high cell density cultures were performed to reach high P4HB productivity using glycerol as the sole carbon source for cell growth and 4HB as the precursor for P4HB synthesis. A P4HB yield of 15 g L−1 was obtained using an exponential feeding mode, leading to a productivity of 0.207 g L−1 h−1, which is the highest productivity for P4HB reported so far. Conclusions We demonstrated that the NZ-amines (amino acids source) in excess abolished P4HB accumulation, suggesting that limitation in certain amino acid pools promotes P4HB synthesis. Furthermore, the enhanced P4HB yield could be achieved by both the effective growth of E. coli JM109 (pKSSE5.3) on glycerol and the stimulated P4HB synthesis via exogenous addition of acetic acid. We have developed fermentation strategies for P4HB production by using glycerol, leading to a productivity of 0.207 g L−1 h−1 P4HB. This high P4HB productivity will decrease the total production cost, allowing further development of P4HB applications.
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Guzik MW, Narancic T, Ilic-Tomic T, Vojnovic S, Kenny ST, Casey WT, Duane GF, Casey E, Woods T, Babu RP, Nikodinovic-Runic J, O'Connor KE. Identification and characterization of an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas putida KT2440 that shows preference towards medium to long chain length fatty acids. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2014; 160:1760-1771. [PMID: 24794972 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.078758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diverse and elaborate pathways for nutrient utilization, as well as mechanisms to combat unfavourable nutrient conditions make Pseudomonas putida KT2440 a versatile micro-organism able to occupy a range of ecological niches. The fatty acid degradation pathway of P. putida is complex and correlated with biopolymer medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA) biosynthesis. Little is known about the second step of fatty acid degradation (β-oxidation) in this strain. In silico analysis of its genome sequence revealed 21 putative acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (ACADs), four of which were functionally characterized through mutagenesis studies. Four mutants with insertionally inactivated ACADs (PP_1893, PP_2039, PP_2048 and PP_2437) grew and accumulated mcl-PHA on a range of fatty acids as the sole source of carbon and energy. Their ability to grow and accumulate biopolymer was differentially negatively affected on various fatty acids, in comparison to the wild-type strain. Inactive PP_2437 exhibited a pattern of reduced growth and PHA accumulation when fatty acids with lengths of 10 to 14 carbon chains were used as substrates. Recombinant expression and biochemical characterization of the purified protein allowed functional annotation in P. putida KT2440 as an ACAD showing clear preference for dodecanoyl-CoA ester as a substrate and optimum activity at 30 °C and pH 6.5-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej W Guzik
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Ardmore House, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tanja Narancic
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Ardmore House, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tatjana Ilic-Tomic
- Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Vojnovic
- Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Shane T Kenny
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Ardmore House, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - William T Casey
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Ardmore House, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Gearoid F Duane
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Engineering and Materials Science Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Eoin Casey
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Engineering and Materials Science Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Trevor Woods
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ramesh Padamati Babu
- Centre for Research, Adoptive Nano Structures and Nanodevices, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
- Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kevin E O'Connor
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Ardmore House, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Muniasamy G, Pérez-Guevara F. Use of SNAREs for the immobilization of poly-3-hydroxyalkanoate polymerase type II of Pseudomonas putida CA-3 in secretory vesicles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9763. J Biotechnol 2013; 172:77-9. [PMID: 24368219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase, the key enzyme in polyester biosynthesis of bacteria, has been targeted to various organelles in yeasts and plants using respective signal peptides. Here, we report that the sequences derived from SNARE domains efficiently target and integrate the PHA synthase from Pseudomonas putida CA-3 to the membrane of secretory vesicles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The studies with the enhanced green fluorescent protein confirm the localization of synthase enzyme in the vesicles of S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurusamy Muniasamy
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Fermín Pérez-Guevara
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, D.F., Mexico; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Program, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, D.F., Mexico.
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Jiang XJ, Sun Z, Ramsay JA, Ramsay BA. Fed-batch production of MCL-PHA with elevated 3-hydroxynonanoate content. AMB Express 2013; 3:50. [PMID: 23987136 PMCID: PMC3846598 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-3-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With no inhibition of β-oxidation, Pseudomonas putida KT2440 produces medium-chain-length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (MCL-PHA) with approximately 65 mol% 3-hydroxynonanoate (HN) from nonanoic acid. Production of PHA with higher HN content and an adjustable monomeric composition was obtained using acrylic acid, a fatty acid β-oxidation inhibitor, together with nonanoic acid and glucose as co-substrates in fed-batch fermentations. Different monomeric compositions were obtained by varying the feeding conditions to impose different specific growth rates and inhibitor feed concentrations. At a nonanoic acid: glucose: acrylic acid feed mass ratio of 1.25: 1: 0.05 and a specific growth rate of 0.15 h-1, 71.4 g L-1 biomass was produced containing 75.5% PHA with 89 mol% HN at a cumulative PHA productivity of 1.8 g L-1 h-1.
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Wu CS, Liao HT, Jhang JJ, Yeh JT, Huang CY, Wang SL. Thermal properties and characterization of surface-treated RSF-reinforced polylactide composites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-013-1018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Venkateswar Reddy M, Nikhil GN, Venkata Mohan S, Swamy YV, Sarma PN. Pseudomonas otitidis as a potential biocatalyst for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) synthesis using synthetic wastewater and acidogenic effluents. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 123:471-479. [PMID: 22940357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production using Pseudomonas otitidis, a newly isolated strain from PHA producing bioreactor was investigated using synthetic acids (SA) and acidogenic effluents (AE) from biohydrogen reactor at different organic loading rates (OLRs). P. otitidis showed ability to grow and accumulate PHA, with simultaneous waste remediation. AE showed less PHA production (54%, OLR3), than SA (58%, OLR2). PHA composition showed co-polymer, poly-3(hydroxy butyrate-co-hydroxy valerate), P3(HB-co-HV). Bioprocess evaluation and enzymatic activities showed good correlation with PHA production. Kinetic studies on the growth of bacteria using different models at varying OLR were substantiated with PHA production. High substrate removal was registered at OLR1 (SA, 87%; AE, 82%). AE could be used as an alternative for pure substrates keeping in view of their high cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Venkateswar Reddy
- Bioengineering and Environmental Centre (BEEC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 607, India
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Zinn M, Durner R, Zinn H, Ren Q, Egli T, Witholt B. Growth and accumulation dynamics of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) in Pseudomonas putida GPo1 cultivated in continuous culture under transient feed conditions. Biotechnol J 2011; 6:1240-52. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Arias S, Sandoval A, Arcos M, Cañedo LM, Maestro B, Sanz JM, Naharro G, Luengo JM. Poly-3-hydroxyalkanoate synthases from Pseudomonas putida U: substrate specificity and ultrastructural studies. Microb Biotechnol 2011; 1:170-6. [PMID: 21261834 PMCID: PMC3864450 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2007.00016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The substrate specificity of the two polymerases (PhaC1 and PhaC2) involved in the biosynthesis of medium-chain-length poly-hydroxyalkanoates (mcl PHAs) in Pseudomonas putida U has been studied in vivo. For these kind of experiments, two recombinant strains derived from a genetically engineered mutant in which the whole pha locus had been deleted (P. putida U Δpha) were employed. These bacteria, which expresses only phaC1 (P. putida U Δpha pMC-phaC1) or only phaC2 (P. putida U Δpha pMC-phaC2), accumulated different PHAs in function of the precursor supplemented to the culture broth. Thus, the P. putida U Δpha pMC-phaC1 strain was able to synthesize several aliphatic and aromatic PHAs when hexanoic, heptanoic, octanoic decanoic, 5-phenylvaleric, 6-phenylhexanoic, 7-phenylheptanoic, 8-phenyloctanoic or 9-phenylnonanoic acid were used as precursors; the highest accumulation of polymers was observed when the precursor used were decanoic acid (aliphatic PHAs) or 6-phenylhexanoic acid (aromatic PHAs). However, although it synthesizes similar aliphatic PHAs (the highest accumulation was observed when hexanoic acid was the precursor) the other recombinant strain (P. putida U Δpha pMC-phaC2) only accumulated aromatic PHAs when the monomer to be polymerized was 3-hydroxy-5-phenylvaleryl-CoA. The possible influence of the putative three-dimensional structures on the different catalytic behaviour of PhaC1 and PhaC2 is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagrario Arias
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultades de Veterinaria y de Biología, Universidad de León, 24071 León, España
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22
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23
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Nikodinovic J, Kenny ST, Babu RP, Woods T, Blau WJ, O'Connor KE. The conversion of BTEX compounds by single and defined mixed cultures to medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 80:665-73. [PMID: 18629491 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Revised: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 06/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the use of petrochemical aromatic hydrocarbons as a feedstock for the biotechnological conversion into valuable biodegradable plastic polymers--polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). We assessed the ability of the known Pseudomonas putida species that are able to utilize benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene (BTEX) compounds as a sole carbon and energy source for their ability to produce PHA from the single substrates. P. putida F1 is able to accumulate medium-chain-length (mcl) PHA when supplied with toluene, benzene, or ethylbenzene. P. putida mt-2 accumulates mcl-PHA when supplied with toluene or p-xylene. The highest level of PHA accumulated by cultures in shake flask was 26% cell dry weight for P. putida mt-2 supplied with p-xylene. A synthetic mixture of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, and styrene (BTEXS) which mimics the aromatic fraction of mixed plastic pyrolysis oil was supplied to a defined mixed culture of P. putida F1, mt-2, and CA-3 in the shake flasks and fermentation experiments. PHA was accumulated to 24% and to 36% of the cell dry weight of the shake flask and fermentation grown cultures respectively. In addition a three-fold higher cell density was achieved with the mixed culture grown in the bioreactor compared to shake flask experiments. A run in the 5-l fermentor resulted in the utilization of 59.6 g (67.5 ml) of the BTEXS mixture and the production of 6 g of mcl-PHA. The monomer composition of PHA accumulated by the mixed culture was the same as that accumulated by single strains supplied with single substrates with 3-hydroxydecanoic acid occurring as the predominant monomer. The purified polymer was partially crystalline with an average molecular weight of 86.9 kDa. It has a thermal degradation temperature of 350 degrees C and a glass transition temperature of -48.5 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Nikodinovic
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, Ardmore House, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Verlinden RAJ, Hill DJ, Kenward MA, Williams CD, Radecka I. Bacterial synthesis of biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 102:1437-49. [PMID: 17578408 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03335.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Various bacterial species accumulate intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) granules as energy and carbon reserves inside their cells. PHAs are biodegradable, environmentally friendly and biocompatible thermoplastics. Varying in toughness and flexibility, depending on their formulation, they can be used in various ways similar to many nonbiodegradable petrochemical plastics currently in use. They can be used either in pure form or as additives to oil-derived plastics such as polyethylene. However, these bioplastics are currently far more expensive than petrochemically based plastics and are therefore used mostly in applications that conventional plastics cannot perform, such as medical applications. PHAs are immunologically inert and are only slowly degraded in human tissue, which means they can be used as devices inside the body. Recent research has focused on the use of alternative substrates, novel extraction methods, genetically enhanced species and mixed cultures with a view to make PHAs more commercially attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A J Verlinden
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
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25
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Tobin KM, O'Leary ND, Dobson ADW, O'Connor KE. Effect of heterologous expression ofphaG[(R)-3-hydroxyacyl-ACP-CoA transferase] on polyhydroxyalkanoate accumulation from the aromatic hydrocarbon phenylacetic acid inPseudomonasspecies. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2007; 268:9-15. [PMID: 17241246 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00607.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Five Pseudomonas strains capable of growth with the aromatic carboxylic acid phenylacetic acid were investigated with a view to improving PHA accumulation. The overexpression of (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-ACP-CoA transferase (PhaG) from Pseudomonas putida CA-3 increased PHA accumulation in only one of the five strains tested, namely Pseudomonas jessenii C8. Recombinant P. jessenii C8 harbouring the phaG gene showed a 4.1-fold increase (9.6-39% cell dry weight) in PHA accumulation when grown on phenylacetic acid (15 mM) compared with the wild-type strain. This is the highest reported level of PHA accumulation from phenylacetic acid. This is also the first time the heterologous expression of phaG has resulted in improved PHA accumulation from an aromatic carbon source. The growth patterns of the wild type and recombinant strains were very similar, with no significant differences observed in carbon and nitrogen utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Tobin
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, and Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, The Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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26
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Tobin KM, O'Connor KE. Polyhydroxyalkanoate accumulating diversity of Pseudomonas species utilising aromatic hydrocarbons. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2006; 253:111-8. [PMID: 16260095 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2005] [Revised: 09/14/2005] [Accepted: 09/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of Pseudomonas strains accumulated polyhdroxyalkanoate (PHA) from a variety of aromatic hydrocarbons. In many strains the level of PHA accumulation was dependent on the side chain length of the phenylalkanoic acid provided for growth. 4 of the 8 strains accumulated increased levels of PHA as the side chain length of the phenylalkanoic acid substrate increased. PHA accumulated from styrene and phenylacetic acid was composed of aliphatic monomers only. The PHA accumulated from any one of the phenylalkanoic acids with 5 carbons or more in their side chain (n>or=5) was almost identical for all strains with PHA composed of both aromatic and aliphatic monomers. The predominant monomers accumulated were 3-hydroxyphenylvaleric acid and 3-hydroxyphenylhexanoic acid. The addition of the metabolic pathway inhibitors acrylic acid and 2-bromoctanoic acid resulted in decreased levels of PHA from phenylacetic acid, suggesting a role for both beta-oxidation and fatty acid synthesis in PHA accumulation from phenylacetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Tobin
- Department of Industrial Microbiology, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, National University of Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
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Ward PG, O' Connor KE. Induction and quantification of phenylacyl-CoA ligase enzyme activities inPseudomonas putidaCA-3 grown on aromatic carboxylic acids. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2005; 251:227-32. [PMID: 16165317 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2005] [Revised: 08/05/2005] [Accepted: 08/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Three phenylacyl-CoA ligase activities were detected in extracts of Pseudomonas putida CA-3 cells grown with a variety of aromatic carboxylic acids. The three phenylacyl-CoA enzyme activities measured were phenylpropyl-CoA ligase (acting on both phenylpropanoic acid and cinnamic acid), a phenylacetyl-CoA ligase, and a medium chain length phenylalkanoyl-CoA ligase acting on aromatic substrates with 5 or more carbons in the acyl moiety. The rate of each enzyme activity detected in extracts of P. putida CA-3 cells is dependent on the growth substrate supplied. High rates of phenylpropyl-CoA ligase activity were observed with extracts of cells grown on phenylpropanoic acid, cinnamic acid or medium chain length phenylalkanoic acids with an uneven number of carbons in the acyl moiety. Extracts of P. putida CA-3 cells exhibited high rates of phenylacetyl-CoA ligase activity when grown on phenylacetic acid or medium chain length phenylalkanoic acids with an even number of carbons in the acyl moiety. In addition, high rates of medium chain length phenylalkanoyl-CoA ligase activity, towards phenylvaleric acid and phenylhexanoic acid, were exhibited by extracts of cells grown on all medium chain length phenylalkanoic acids. Low levels of the various phenylacyl-CoA ligase activities were found in extracts of cells grown on benzoic acid and glucose. Benzoyl-CoA ligase activity was not detected in any cell free extracts generated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Ward
- Department of Industrial Microbiology, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, National University of Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
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