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Ahmed MS, Maniruzzaman M, Al-Mamun MR, Ali MA, Badal MMR, Aziz MA, Jafar Mazumder MA, Hakeem AS, Yousuf MA. Jute Stick-Derived Cellulose-Based Hydrogel: Synthesis, Characterization, and Methylene Blue Removal from Aqueous Solution. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:47856-47873. [PMID: 38144143 PMCID: PMC10733992 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was isolated from jute sticks and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) was synthesized from the isolated MCC. Na-CMC is an anionic derivative of microcrystalline cellulose. The microcrystalline cellulose-based hydrogel (MCCH) and Na-CMC-based hydrogel (Na-CMCH) were prepared by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as a crosslinker by a chemical crosslinking method. The isolated MCC, synthesized Na-CMC, and corresponding hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) for functional groups, crystallinity, surface morphology, and composite elemental composition, respectively. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich models were used to investigate the adsorption kinetics. The pseudo-second-order one is favorable for both hydrogels. Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin adsorption isotherm models were investigated. MCCH follows the Freundlich model (R2 = 0.9967), and Na-CMCH follows the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9974). The methylene blue (MB) dye adsorption capacities of ionic (Na-CMCH) and nonionic (MCCH) hydrogels in different contact times (up to 600 min), initial concentrations (10-50 ppm), and temperatures (298-318 K) were investigated and compared. The maximum adsorption capacity of MCCH and Na-CMCH was 23.73 and 196.46 mg/g, respectively, and the removal efficiency of MB was determined to be 26.93% for MCCH and 58.73% for Na-CMCH. The Na-CMCH efficiently removed the MB from aqueous solutions as well as spiked industrial wastewater. The Na-CMCH also remarkably efficiently reduced priority metal ions from an industrial effluent. An effort has been made to utilize inexpensive, readily available, and environmentally friendly waste materials (jute sticks) to synthesize valuable adsorbent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sabbir Ahmed
- Department
of Chemistry, Khulna University of Engineering
& Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Maniruzzaman
- Department
of Chemistry, Khulna University of Engineering
& Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rubel Al-Mamun
- Department
of Chemistry, Khulna University of Engineering
& Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Amdad Ali
- Illinois
Materials Research Laboratory, University
of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | | | - Md. Abdul Aziz
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Jafar Mazumder
- Department
of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum
& Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Saeed Hakeem
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abu Yousuf
- Department
of Chemistry, Khulna University of Engineering
& Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh
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Pirozzi A, Rincón E, Espinosa E, Donsì F, Serrano L. Nanostructured Cellulose-Based Aerogels: Influence of Chemical/Mechanical Cascade Processes on Quality Index for Benchmarking Dye Pollutant Adsorbents in Wastewater Treatment. Gels 2023; 9:958. [PMID: 38131944 PMCID: PMC10742814 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Nanostructured cellulose has emerged as an efficient bio-adsorbent aerogel material, offering biocompatibility and renewable sourcing advantages. This study focuses on isolating (ligno)cellulose nanofibers ((L)CNFs) from barley straw and producing aerogels to develop sustainable and highly efficient decontamination systems. (2) Methods: (Ligno)cellulose pulp has been isolated from barley straw through a pulping process, and was subsequently deconstructed into nanofibers employing various pre-treatment methods (TEMPO-mediated oxidation process or PFI beater mechanical treatment) followed by the high-pressure homogenization (HPH) process. (3) Results: The aerogels made by (L)CNFs, with a higher crystallinity degree, larger aspect ratio, lower shrinkage rate, and higher Young's modulus than cellulose aerogels, successfully adsorb and remove organic dye pollutants from wastewater. (L)CNF-based aerogels, with a quality index (determined using four characterization parameters) above 70%, exhibited outstanding contaminant removal capacity over 80%. The high specific surface area of nanocellulose isolated using the TEMPO oxidation process significantly enhanced the affinity and interactions between hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of nanofibers and cationic groups of contaminants. The efficacy in adsorbing cationic dyes in wastewater onto the aerogels was verified by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. (4) Conclusions: This study offers insights into designing and applying advanced (L)CNF-based aerogels as efficient wastewater decontamination and environmental remediation platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Pirozzi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Esther Rincón
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.); (E.E.)
| | - Eduardo Espinosa
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.); (E.E.)
| | - Francesco Donsì
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Luis Serrano
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.); (E.E.)
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3
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Liu J, Wang S, Wang Z, Shen C, Liu D, Shen X, Weng L, He Y, Wang S, Wang J, Zhuang W, Cai Y, Xu J, Ying H. Pretreatment of Luzhou distiller's grains for feed protein production using crude enzymes produced by a synthetic microbial consortium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 390:129852. [PMID: 37839649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Chinese distillers' grains (CDGs) have low fermentation efficiency due to the presence of lignocellulosic components, such as rice husk. In this study, a microbial consortium synthesized was used based on the "functional complementarity" principle to produce lignocellulolytic crude enzyme. The crude enzyme was used to hydrolyze CDGs. After enzymatic hydrolysis, lignocellulose was damaged to varying degrees and the crystallinity decreased. Subsequently, the feed protein was produced using yeast through two pathways. The results showed that the crude enzyme produced by the microbial consortium (comprising Trichoderma reesei, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium) exhibited excellent enzymatic efficiency, yielding 27.88%, 19.64%, and 10.88% of reducing sugar, cellulose, and hemicellulose. The true protein content of CDGs increased by 53.49% and 48.35% through the first and second pathways, respectively. Notably, the second pathway demonstrated higher economic benefits to produce feed protein. This study provides a pathway for high-quality utilization of CDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke Xue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shilei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke Xue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke Xue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | | | - Dong Liu
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | | | - Longfei Weng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke Xue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yun He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke Xue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Simin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke Xue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke Xue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yafan Cai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke Xue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jingliang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke Xue Dadao, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hanjie Ying
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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4
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Rincón E, Espinosa E, Pinillos M, Serrano L. Bioactive Absorbent Chitosan Aerogels Reinforced with Bay Tree Pruning Waste Nanocellulose with Antioxidant Properties for Burger Meat Preservation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:866. [PMID: 36850149 PMCID: PMC9964863 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As a transition strategy towards sustainability, food packaging plays a crucial role in the current era. This, carried out in a biorefinery context of agricultural residues, involves not only obtaining desirable products but a comprehensive utilization of biomass that contributes to the circular bioeconomy. The present work proposes the preparation of bioactive absorbent food pads through a multi-product biorefinery approach from bay tree pruning waste (BTPW). In a first step, chitosan aerogels reinforced with lignocellulose and cellulose micro/nanofibers from BTPW were prepared, studying the effect of residual lignin on the material's properties. The presence of micro/nanofibers improved the mechanical performance (up to 60%) in addition to increasing the water uptake (42%) when lignin was present. The second step was to make them bioactive by incorporating bay leaf extract. The residual lignin in the micro/nanofibers was decisive, since when present, the release profiles of the extract were faster, reaching an antioxidant power of more than 85% after only 30 min. Finally, these bioactive aerogels were used as absorbent pads for fresh meat. With the use of the bioactive aerogels (with ≥2% extract), the meat remained fresh for 10 days as a result of delayed oxidation of the food during storage (20% metmyoglobin proportion).
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Rincón
- BioPren Group (RNM-940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Serrano
- BioPren Group (RNM-940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
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5
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De Haro-Niza J, Rincón E, Gonzalez Z, Espinosa E, Rodríguez A. Nanocellulose from Spanish Harvesting Residues to Improve the Sustainability and Functionality of Linerboard Recycling Processes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12244447. [PMID: 36558303 PMCID: PMC9786856 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The hornification processes undergone by the fibers in the paper industry recycling processes lead to the loss of properties of the final products, which exhibit poor mechanical properties. Among the most promising solutions is the reinforcement of secondary fibers with cellulose nanofibers. The present work addresses two important issues: the efficient production of cellulose nanofibers from scarcely exploited agricultural wastes such as horticultural residues and vine shoots, and their application as a reinforcement agent in recycled linerboard recycling processes. The effect of the chemical composition and the pretreatment used on the nanofibrillation efficiency of the fibers was analyzed. Chemical pretreatment allowed a significantly higher nanofibrillated fraction (45−63%) than that produced by mechanical (18−38%), as well as higher specific surface areas (>430 m2/g). The application of the nanofibers as a reinforcing agent in the recycled linerboard considerably improved the mechanical properties (improvements of 15% for breaking length, 220−240% for Young’s modulus and 27% for tear index), counteracting the loss of mechanical properties suffered during recycling when using chemically pretreated cellulose nanofibers from horticultural residues and vine shoots. It was concluded that this technology surpasses the mechanical reinforcement produced by conventional mechanical refining used in the industry and extends the number of recycling cycles of the products due to the non-physical modification of the fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge De Haro-Niza
- BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Esther Rincón
- BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Zoilo Gonzalez
- BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Espinosa
- BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez
- BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
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6
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Lima AR, Cristofoli NL, Rosa da Costa AM, Saraiva JA, Vieira MC. Comparative study of the production of cellulose nanofibers from agro-industrial waste streams of Salicornia ramosissima by acid and enzymatic treatment. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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7
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Lu H, Zhang L, Yan M, Ye J, Wang K, Jiang J. Green production of lignocellulose nanofibrils by FeCl3-catalyzed ethanol treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:181-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Yan M, Wu T, Ma J, Lu H, Zhou X. Characteristic comparison of lignocellulose nanofibrils from wheat straw having different mechanical pretreatments. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yan
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry Jiangsu Province Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Materials Nanjing Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxia Ma
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Lu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry Jiangsu Province Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Materials Nanjing Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofan Zhou
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
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9
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Sanchez LM, Espinosa E, Mendoza Zélis P, Morcillo Martín R, de Haro Niza J, Rodríguez A. Cellulose nanofibers/PVA blend polymeric beads containing in-situ prepared magnetic nanorods as dye pollutants adsorbents. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1211-1221. [PMID: 35469950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic beads were developed from polyvinyl alcohol and different amounts of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) by in-situ preparation of iron oxide nanoparticles in an alkaline aqueous medium at room temperature. The CNF were isolated from wheat straw, whereas the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) precursors were simple iron salts. The complete characterization of all the obtained materials was conducted, and among some other outstanding results it showed that all the components were strongly interacting via hydrogen bonding, while the nano-rods and husks like MNPs were effectively acting as crosslinking dots. All the prepared materials had good magnetic responses, and they were able to remove not only cationic, but also anionic dye pollutants from aqueous model solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Sanchez
- Materiales Compuestos Termoplásticos (CoMP), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), CONICET - Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Av. Colón 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Espinosa
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain
| | - Pedro Mendoza Zélis
- Instituto de Física La Plata (IFLP), CONICET-Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Ramón Morcillo Martín
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain
| | - Jorge de Haro Niza
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain
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Morcillo-Martín R, Espinosa E, Rabasco-Vílchez L, Sanchez LM, de Haro J, Rodríguez A. Cellulose Nanofiber-Based Aerogels from Wheat Straw: Influence of Surface Load and Lignin Content on Their Properties and Dye Removal Capacity. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020232. [PMID: 35204733 PMCID: PMC8961610 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Water pollution is one of the most serious problems worldwide. Nanocellulose-based aerogels usually show excellent adsorption capacities due to their high aspect ratio, specific surface area and surface charge, making them ideal for water purification. In this work, (ligno)cellulose nanofibers (LCNFs/CNFs) from wheat straw residues were obtained using two types of pre-treatments: mechanical (Mec) and TEMPO-mediated oxidization (TO), to obtain different consistency (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8) bioaerogels, and their adsorption capacities as dye removers were further studied. The materials were characterized in terms of density, porosity and mechanical properties. An inversely proportional relationship was observed between the consistencies of the aerogels and their achieved densities. Despite the increase in density, all samples showed porosities above 99%. In terms of mechanical properties, the best results were obtained for the 0.8% consistency LCNF and CNF-Mec aerogels, reaching 67.87 kPa and 64.6 kPa for tensile strength and Young’s modulus, respectively. In contrast, the adsorption capacity of the aerogels was better for TEMPO-oxidized aerogels, reaching removal rates of almost 100% for the CNF-TO5 samples. Furthermore, the residual lignin content in LCNF-Mec aerogels showed a great improvement in the removal capacity, reaching rates higher than 80%, further improving the cost efficiency of the samples due to the reduction in chemical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Morcillo-Martín
- Biopren Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (L.M.S.); (J.d.H.); (A.R.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.M.-M.); (E.E.); Tel.: +34-957-218-478 (E.E.)
| | - Eduardo Espinosa
- Biopren Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (L.M.S.); (J.d.H.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.-M.); (E.E.); Tel.: +34-957-218-478 (E.E.)
| | - Laura Rabasco-Vílchez
- Biopren Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (L.M.S.); (J.d.H.); (A.R.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura M. Sanchez
- Biopren Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (L.M.S.); (J.d.H.); (A.R.)
- Materiales Compuestos Termoplásticos (CoMP), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), CONICET–Universidad Nacional de Mar de Plata (UNMdP), Mar de Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Jorge de Haro
- Biopren Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (L.M.S.); (J.d.H.); (A.R.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez
- Biopren Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (L.M.S.); (J.d.H.); (A.R.)
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11
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Thermochemical and Catalytic Conversion Technologies for the Development of Brazilian Biomass Utilization. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11121549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The social, economic, and environmental impacts of climate change have been shown to affect poorer populations throughout the world disproportionally, and the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020–2021 has only exacerbated the use of less sustainable energy, fuel, and chemical sources. The period of economic and social recovery following the pandemic presents an unprecedented opportunity to invest in biorefineries based on the pyrolysis of agricultural residues. These produce a plethora of sustainable resources while also contributing to the economic valorization of first-sector local economies. However, biomass-derived pyrolysis liquid is highly oxygenated, which hinders its long-term stability and usability. Catalytic hydrogenation is a proposed upgrading method to reduce this hindrance, while recent studies on the use of nickel and niobium as low-cost catalysts, both abundant in Brazil, reinforce the potential synergy between different economic sectors within the country. This review gathers state-of-the-art applications of these technologies with the intent to guide the scientific community and lawmakers alike on yet another alternative for energy and commodities production within an environmentally sustainable paradigm.
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12
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Bascón-Villegas I, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Pérez-Rodríguez F, Espinosa E, Rodríguez A. Lignocellulose Nanofibre Obtained from Agricultural Wastes of Tomato, Pepper and Eggplants Improves the Performance of Films of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) for Food Packaging. Foods 2021; 10:foods10123043. [PMID: 34945594 PMCID: PMC8700978 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Films formulated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (synthetic biopolymer) were reinforced with lignocellulose nanofibres (LCNF) from residues of vegetable production (natural biopolymer). The LCNF were obtained by mechanical and chemical pre-treatment by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) and added to the polyvinyl alcohol (polymer matrix) with the aim of improving the properties of the film for use in food packaging. The mechanical properties, crystallinity, thermal resistance, chemical structure, antioxidant activity, water barrier properties and optical properties (transparency and UV barrier), were evaluated. In general, with the addition of LCNF, an improvement in the studied properties of the films was observed. In terms of mechanical properties, the films reinforced with 7% LCNF TEMPO showed the best results for tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break. At the same LCNF proportion, the thermal stability (Tmax) increased between 5.5% and 10.8%, and the antioxidant activity increased between 90.9% and 191.8%, depending on the raw material and the pre-treatment used to obtain the different LCNF. Finally, a large increase in UV blocking was also observed with the addition of 7% LCNF. In particular, the films with 7% of eggplant LCNF showed higher performance for Young’s modulus, elongation at break, thermal stability and UV barrier. Overall, results demonstrated that the use of LCNF generated from agricultural residues represents a suitable bioeconomy approach able to enhance film properties for its application in the development of more sustainable and eco-friendly food packaging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Bascón-Villegas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (I.B.-V.); (M.S.-G.)
- BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.E.); (A.R.)
| | - Mónica Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (I.B.-V.); (M.S.-G.)
| | - Fernando Pérez-Rodríguez
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (I.B.-V.); (M.S.-G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Eduardo Espinosa
- BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.E.); (A.R.)
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez
- BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.E.); (A.R.)
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13
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Lespes G, De Carsalade Du Pont V. Field-flow fractionation for nanoparticle characterization. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:347-368. [PMID: 34520628 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This review presents field-flow fractionation: The elements of theory enable the link between the retention and the characteristics of the nanometer-sized analytes to be highlighted. In particular, the nature of force and its way of being applied are discussed. Four types of forces which determine four types of techniques were considered: hydrodynamic, sedimentation, thermal, and electrical; this is to show the importance of the choice of technique in relation to the characterization objectives. Then the separation performance is presented and compared with other separation techniques: field-flow fractionation has the greatest intrinsic separation capability. The characterization strategies are presented and discussed; on the one hand with respect to the characteristics needed for the description of nanoparticles; on the other hand in connection with the choice of the nature of the force, and also of the detectors used, online or offline. The discussion is based on a selection of published study examples. Finally, current needs and challenges are addressed, and as response, trends and possible characterization solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtane Lespes
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les matériaux (IPREM UMR UPPA/CNRS), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (E2S/UPPA), Helioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, Pau Cedex 9, France
| | - Valentin De Carsalade Du Pont
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les matériaux (IPREM UMR UPPA/CNRS), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (E2S/UPPA), Helioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, Pau Cedex 9, France
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14
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Hassan SH, Velayutham TS, Chen YW, Lee HV. TEMPO-oxidized nanocellulose films derived from coconut residues: Physicochemical, mechanical and electrical properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:392-402. [PMID: 33737185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present work focuses on the development of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) film that derived from sustainable biomass resources, which potentially to work as bio-based conductive membranes that assembled into supercapacitors. The chemically purified cellulose was isolated from different parts of coconut (coconut shell and its husk) and further subjected to 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation for CNF preparation. Physicochemical properties of prepared CNFs were studied in terms of chemical characteristics & crystallinity, surface functionalities, surface morphology, and thermal properties. Both coconut shell-derived CNF and coconut husk-derived CNF fulfilled with nanocellulose's characteristics with fibres width ranged of 70-120 nm and 150-330 nm, respectively. CNF films were further prepared by solvent casting method to measure the modulus elasticity, piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the films. Mechanical study indicated that coconut shell-derived CNF film showed a higher value of elastic modulus than the coconut husk-derived CNF film, which was 8.39 GPa and 5.36 GPa, respectively. The effectiveness of electrical aspects for CNF films are well correlated with the crystallinity and thermal properties, associated with it's composition of different coconut's part.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Hassan
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Low Dimensional Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - T S Velayutham
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Y W Chen
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H V Lee
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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15
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Luo L, Yuan X, Zhang S, Wang X, Li M, Wang S. Effect of Pretreatments on the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of High-Yield Bamboo Chemo-Mechanical Pulp by Changing the Surface Lignin Content. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:787. [PMID: 33806542 PMCID: PMC7961962 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide chemo-mechanical pulp (APMP), sulfonated chemo-mechanical pulp (SCMP), and chemical thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) were used as raw materials to explore the effects of hydrogen peroxide (HP), Fenton pretreatment (FP), and ethanol pretreatment (EP) on the enzymatic hydrolysis of high-yield bamboo mechanical pulp (HBMP). The surface lignin distribution and contents of different HBMPs were determined using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The correlation between the surface lignin and the enzymatic hydrolysis of HBMP was also investigated. The residue of enzymatic hydrolysis was used to adsorb methylene blue (MB). The results showed that the cracks and fine fibers on the surface of APMP, SCMP, and CTMP increased after FP, when compared to HP and EP. The total removal content of hemicellulose and lignin in SCMP after FP was higher than with HP and EP. Compared to SCMP, the crystallinity increased by 15.4%, and the surface lignin content of Fenton-pretreated SCMP decreased by 11.7%. The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of HBMP after FP was higher than with HP and EP. The highest enzymatic hydrolysis of Fenton-pretreated SCMP was 49.5%, which was higher than the enzymatic hydrolysis of Fenton-pretreated APMP and CTMP. The removal rate of MB reached 94.7% after the adsorption of the enzymatic hydrolysis residue of SCMP. This work provides an effective approach for a high value-added utilization of high-yield bamboo pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianxin Luo
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.L.); (X.Y.); (S.Z.); (X.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaojun Yuan
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.L.); (X.Y.); (S.Z.); (X.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.L.); (X.Y.); (S.Z.); (X.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xuchong Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.L.); (X.Y.); (S.Z.); (X.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Mingfu Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.L.); (X.Y.); (S.Z.); (X.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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16
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Ceaser R, Chimphango AFA. Comparative analysis of physical and functional properties of cellulose nanofibers isolated from alkaline pre-treated wheat straw in optimized hydrochloric acid and enzymatic processes. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:331-342. [PMID: 33422512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two methods, HCl and enzymatic treatments, were evaluated for diversification of morphological and functional properties of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from two- stage-alkaline pre-treated wheat straw (WS). The extraction conditions were optimized by a central composite designed experimental approach varying time (4-8 h) and temperature (80-120 °C) for the HCl-based treatment and time (4-8 h), and FiberCare dosage (50-100 endo-1,4-β-glucanase unit/g) and Viscozyme (10-20 fungal β-glucanase units/g) for the enzyme-based treatment. The CNF yields, morphological (polydispersity index (PdI), length and diameter), and functional (crystallinity and thermal degradation) properties were compared. The CNF produced by the HCl (HCN) and enzymatically (ECN) attained diameters ~17 nm had PdI, length, and crystallinity of 0.53, 514 nm & 70%, and 0.92, 1.0 μm & 48%, respectively. Thus, the HCN morphology suits homogenous nano-applications, whereas that of the ECN, would suit heterogenous nano-applications. The HCN and ECN yields were similar (~20%) with optimal production time of 7.41 and 4.64 h, respectively. Both the HCN & ECN can be classified as thermally stable nanocolloids with maximum thermal degradation temperatures of ~380 °C and Zeta potential ~-16 mV. The two CNF production methods have potential synergetic effects on CNF production, morphological, and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regan Ceaser
- Process Engineering Department, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Annie F A Chimphango
- Process Engineering Department, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.
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17
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Trovagunta R, Zou T, Österberg M, Kelley SS, Lavoine N. Design strategies, properties and applications of cellulose nanomaterials-enhanced products with residual, technical or nanoscale lignin-A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 254:117480. [PMID: 33357931 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for greener alternatives to fossil-derived products, research on cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) has rapidly expanded. The combination of nanoscale properties and sustainable attributes makes CNMs an asset in the quest for a sustainable society. However, challenges such as the hydrophilic nature of CNMs, their low compatibility with non-polar matrices and modest thermal stability, slow the development of end-uses. Combination of CNMs with amphiphilic lignin can improve the thermal stability, enhance the compatibility with non-polar matrices and, additionally, endow CNMs with new functionalities e.g., UV shielding or antioxidative properties. This article comprehensively reviews the different design strategies and their influence on properties and applications of CNMs containing lignin in various forms; either as residual lignin, added technical lignin, or nanoscale particles. The review focuses especially on the synergy created between CNMs and lignin, paving the way for new production routes and use of CNM/lignin materials in high-performance applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Trovagunta
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, USA
| | - Tao Zou
- Aalto University, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Monica Österberg
- Aalto University, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Stephen S Kelley
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, USA
| | - Nathalie Lavoine
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, USA.
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18
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Onkarappa H, Prakash G, Pujar G, Rajith Kumar C, Latha M, Betageri VS. Hevea brasiliensis mediated synthesis of nanocellulose: Effect of preparation methods on morphology and properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:1021-1028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Jang JH, Hayashi N, Han SY, Park CW, Febrianto F, Lee SH, Kim NH. Changes in the Dimensions of Lignocellulose Nanofibrils with Different Lignin Contents by Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102201. [PMID: 32992855 PMCID: PMC7600893 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the dimensions of lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) with different lignin contents from betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) by enzymatic hydrolysis using endoglucanase (EG) were investigated. Lignin contents were adjusted from 3% to 27% by NaClO2/acetic acid treatment, and LCNFs were prepared using a wet disk-mill (WDM). The dimensions of the LCNFs significantly decreased with decreasing lignin content and increasing EG addition. With increasing EG content, the average diameter of the LCNFs significantly decreased, even though they contained parts of hemicellulose and lignin. The crystal structure showed the typical cellulose I structure in all samples, but the intensity of the diffraction peak slightly changed depending on the lignin and EG contents. The crystallinity index (CrI) values of the LCNFs increased a maximum of 23.8% (LCNF-L27) under increasing EG addition, regardless of the lignin content. With the EG addition of three times the LCNF amount, LCNF-L3 showed the highest CrI value (59.1%). By controlling the composition and structure of LCNFs, it is expected that the wide range of properties of these materials can extend the property range available for existing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyuk Jang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Noriko Hayashi
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Ibaraki 300-1244, Japan;
| | - Song-Yi Han
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Chan-Woo Park
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Fauzi Febrianto
- Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Kim
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-250-8327
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20
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Multiscale characterization and micromechanical modeling of crop stem materials. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2020; 20:69-91. [PMID: 32860537 PMCID: PMC8302559 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-020-01369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An essential prerequisite for the efficient biomechanical tailoring of crops is to accurately relate mechanical behavior to compositional and morphological properties across different length scales. In this article, we develop a multiscale approach to predict macroscale stiffness and strength properties of crop stem materials from their hierarchical microstructure. We first discuss the experimental multiscale characterization based on microimaging (micro-CT, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy) and chemical analysis, with a particular focus on oat stems. We then derive in detail a general micromechanics-based model of macroscale stiffness and strength. We specify our model for oats and validate it against a series of bending experiments that we conducted with oat stem samples. In the context of biomechanical tailoring, we demonstrate that our model can predict the effects of genetic modifications of microscale composition and morphology on macroscale mechanical properties of thale cress that is available in the literature.
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21
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Horticultural Plant Residues as New Source for Lignocellulose Nanofibers Isolation: Application on the Recycling Paperboard Process. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143275. [PMID: 32708406 PMCID: PMC7397013 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Horticultural plant residues (tomato, pepper, and eggplant) were identified as new sources for lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNF). Cellulosic pulp was obtained from the different plant residues using an environmentally friendly process, energy-sustainable, simple, and with low-chemical reagent consumption. The chemical composition of the obtained pulps was analyzed in order to study its influence in the nanofibrillation process. Cellulosic fibers were subjected to two different pretreatments, mechanical and TEMPO(2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-piperidin-1-oxyl)-mediated oxidation, followed by high-pressure homogenization to produce different lignocellulose nanofibers. Then, LCNF were deeply characterized in terms of nanofibrillation yield, cationic demand, carboxyl content, morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability. The suitability of each raw material to produce lignocellulose nanofibers was analyzed from the point of view of each pretreatment. TEMPO-mediated oxidation was identified as a more effective pretreatment to produce LCNF, however, it produces a decrease in the thermal stability of the LCNF. The different LCNF were added as reinforcing agent on recycled paperboard and compared with the improving produced by the industrial mechanical beating. The analysis of the papersheets’ mechanical properties shows that the addition of LCNF as a reinforcing agent in the paperboard recycling process is a viable alternative to mechanical beating, achieving greater reinforcing effect and increasing the products’ life cycles.
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Huerta RR, Silva EK, Ekaette I, El-Bialy T, Saldaña MDA. High-intensity ultrasound-assisted formation of cellulose nanofiber scaffold with low and high lignin content and their cytocompatibility with gingival fibroblast cells. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 64:104759. [PMID: 31948850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) hydrogels with low lignin (8%) (LL-CNF) and high lignin (18%) (HL-CNF) content were produced at nominal powers of 240, 720 and 1200 W using high-intensity ultrasound technology (HIUS). Freeze-dried CNF hydrogels were evaluated as scaffolds for gingival fibroblast cells proliferation aiming biomedical applications. HIUS processing improved the dispersibility of the CNF and increased the water retention value by more than 5 times. The LL-CNF had a maximum fibrillation yield of 46 wt.%, whereas the HL-CNF had a maximum fibrillation yield of 40 wt.% at nominal power of ≥720 W. Regardless of the lignin content, the CNF hydrogels exhibited a typical elastic gel-like behavior with the highest elasticity of 263 Pa. After freeze-drying, the CNF aerogels had porosity ≥ 96.8%, and swelling capacity up to 42.1 g PBS/g aerogel. Moreover, the cell proliferation assay showed no differences in proliferation among the LL-CNF and HL-CNF scaffolds up to 11 days. Therefore, CNF scaffolds prepared with lignin content up to 18% present promising application in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Razzera Huerta
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Eric Keven Silva
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Idaresit Ekaette
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Marleny D A Saldaña
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
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23
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Production of Cellulose Nanofibers from Olive Tree Harvest—A Residue with Wide Applications. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10050696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of identifying new sources to produce cellulose nanofibers, olive tree pruning biomass (OTPB) was proposed for valorization as a sustainable source of cellulose. OTPB was subjected to a soda pulping process for cellulose purification and to facilitate the delamination of the fiber in the nanofibrillation process. Unbleached and bleached pulp were used to study the effect of lignin in the production of cellulose nanofibers through different pretreatments (mechanical and TEMPO-mediated oxidation). High-pressure homogenization was used as the nanofibrillation treatment. It was observed that for mechanical pretreatment, the presence of lignin in the fiber produces a greater fibrillation, resulting in a smaller width than that achieved with bleached fiber. In the case of TEMPO-mediated oxidation, the cellulose nanofiber characteristics show that the presence of lignin has an adverse effect on fiber oxidation, resulting in lower nanofibrillation. It was observed that the crystallinity of the nanofibers is lower than that of the original fiber, especially for unbleached nanofibers. The residual lignin content resulted in a greater thermal stability of the cellulose nanofibers, especially for those obtained by TEMPO-mediated oxidation. The characteristics of the cellulose nanofibers obtained in this work identify a gateway to many possibilities for reinforcement agents in paper suspension and polymeric matrices.
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Serra-Parareda F, Tarrés Q, Delgado-Aguilar M, Espinach FX, Mutjé P, Vilaseca F. Biobased Composites from Biobased-Polyethylene and Barley Thermomechanical Fibers: Micromechanics of Composites. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12244182. [PMID: 31842419 PMCID: PMC6947177 DOI: 10.3390/ma12244182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The cultivation of cereals like rye, barley, oats, or wheat generates large quantities of agroforestry residues, which reaches values of around 2066 million metric tons/year. Barley straw alone represents 53%. In this work, barley straw is recommended for the production of composite materials in order to add value to this agricultural waste. First of all, thermomechanical (TMP) fibers from barley straw are produced and later used to reinforce bio-polyethylene (BioPE) matrix. TMP barley fibers were chemically and morphologically characterized. Later, composites with optimal amounts of coupling agent and fiber content ranging from 15 to 45 wt % were prepared. The mechanical results showed the strengthening and stiffening capacity of the TMP barley fibers. Finally, a micromechanical analysis is applied to evaluate the quality of the interface and to distinguish how the interface and the fiber morphology contributes to the final properties of these composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Serra-Parareda
- LEPAMAP Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; (F.S.-P.); (Q.T.); (M.D.-A.); (P.M.)
| | - Quim Tarrés
- LEPAMAP Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; (F.S.-P.); (Q.T.); (M.D.-A.); (P.M.)
- Chair on Sustainable Industrial Processes, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Delgado-Aguilar
- LEPAMAP Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; (F.S.-P.); (Q.T.); (M.D.-A.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesc X. Espinach
- Design, Development and Product Innovation, Dept. of Organization, Business, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Pere Mutjé
- LEPAMAP Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; (F.S.-P.); (Q.T.); (M.D.-A.); (P.M.)
- Chair on Sustainable Industrial Processes, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Fabiola Vilaseca
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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Akhayere E, Essien EA, Kavaz D. Effective and reusable nano-silica synthesized from barley and wheat grass for the removal of nickel from agricultural wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:25802-25813. [PMID: 31270768 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05759-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a comparative analysis was performed on the extraction of nickel ions (Ni2+) from agricultural wastewater using nanosilica (NS) synthesized from barley (NS-B) and wheat (NS-W) grass waste with a yield of 92.4%. The experimental procedure was conducted on barley and wheat waste to obtain an 85% pure NS that served as the adsorbent for nickel extraction in wastewater. The NS was characterized and studied using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), which demonstrated that NS synthesized from barley contained 94.2% SiO2, while NS synthesized from wheat contained 93.0% SiO2. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to determine the surface morphology of the nanoparticles. The energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis were used to determine the elements and functional groups of the synthesized particles, respectively. Lastly, particle size and surface area analyses were performed using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, which determined that the nanoparticles were 70 and 102 nm for NS-B and NS-W, respectively. The adsorption of nickel ions from agricultural wastewater was studied at various concentrations (10-200 mg/L). The kinetic models indicate that sorption equilibrium time was 65 min and that the reaction followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics model with a regression coefficient (R2) of 0.9289. Corresponding studies indicated that the Freundlich isotherms best describe the sorption reaction with an R2 value of 0.9958, which indicates the multilayer adsorption of nickel on the adsorbent. In their standard and real states, the samples indicated that NS-B and NS-W provided high levels of nickel (Ni2+) removal at 95 and 90%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evidence Akhayere
- Department of Environmental Science, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
- Environmental Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Edidiong Augustine Essien
- Department of Environmental Science, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
- Environmental Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Doga Kavaz
- Environmental Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey.
- Department of Bioengineering, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey.
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Espinosa E, Bascón-Villegas I, Rosal A, Pérez-Rodríguez F, Chinga-Carrasco G, Rodríguez A. PVA/(ligno)nanocellulose biocomposite films. Effect of residual lignin content on structural, mechanical, barrier and antioxidant properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:197-206. [PMID: 31479671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses with and without residual lignin were isolated from wheat straw. In addition, the effect of TEMPO-mediated oxidation on the production of lignin-containing nanocellulose was studied. The different nanocelluloses were used as reinforcing agent in Poly(vinyl alcohol) films. The morphology, crystallinity, surface microstructure, barrier properties, light transmittance, mechanical and antioxidant properties were evaluated. The translucency of films was reduced by the addition of nanocellulose, however, the ability to block UV-light increased from 10% for PVA to >50% using lignin-containing nanocellulose, and 30% for lignin-free samples. The mechanical properties increased considerably, however, for loads higher than 5% a negative trend was observed presumptively due to a clustering of nanocellulose components in PVA matrix. The barrier properties of the films were improved with the use of nanocellulose, especially at small amounts (1-3%). The antioxidant capacity of films was increased up to 10% using lignin-containing nanocellulose compared to 4.7% using PVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Espinosa
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, University of Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain.
| | - Isabel Bascón-Villegas
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, University of Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosal
- Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Department, University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando Pérez-Rodríguez
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Rodríguez
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, University of Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain
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Dahlem MA, Borsoi C, Hansen B, Catto AL. Evaluation of different methods for extraction of nanocellulose from yerba mate residues. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 218:78-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Amaro-Gahete J, Benítez A, Otero R, Esquivel D, Jiménez-Sanchidrián C, Morales J, Caballero Á, Romero-Salguero FJ. A Comparative Study of Particle Size Distribution of Graphene Nanosheets Synthesized by an Ultrasound-Assisted Method. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020152. [PMID: 30691102 PMCID: PMC6409618 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials are highly interesting in virtue of their excellent chemical, physical and mechanical properties that make them extremely useful as privileged materials in different industrial applications. Sonochemical methods allow the production of low-defect graphene materials, which are preferred for certain uses. Graphene nanosheets (GNS) have been prepared by exfoliation of a commercial micrographite (MG) using an ultrasound probe. Both materials were characterized by common techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All of them revealed the formation of exfoliated graphene nanosheets with similar surface characteristics to the pristine graphite but with a decreased crystallite size and number of layers. An exhaustive study of the particle size distribution was carried out by different analytical techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4). The results provided by these techniques have been compared. NTA and AF4 gave higher resolution than DLS. AF4 has shown to be a precise analytical technique for the separation of GNS of different sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Amaro-Gahete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Almudena Benítez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Rocío Otero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Dolores Esquivel
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - César Jiménez-Sanchidrián
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Julián Morales
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Caballero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Romero-Salguero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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Antimicrobial poly(lactic acid)/cellulose bionanocomposite for food packaging application: A review. Food Packag Shelf Life 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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X-ray powder diffraction and other analyses of cellulose nanocrystals obtained from corn straw by chemical treatments. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 193:39-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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