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Lan T, Dong Y, Jiang L, Zhang Y, Sui X. Analytical approaches for assessing protein structure in protein-rich food: A comprehensive review. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101365. [PMID: 38623506 PMCID: PMC11016869 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on changes in nutrition and functional properties of protein-rich foods, primarily attributed to alterations in protein structures. We provide a comprehensive overview and comparison of commonly used laboratory methods for protein structure identification, aiming to offer readers a convenient understanding of these techniques. The review covers a range of detection technologies employed in food protein analysis and conducts an extensive comparison to identify the most suitable method for various proteins. While these techniques offer distinct advantages for protein structure determination, the inherent complexity of food matrices presents ongoing challenges. Further research is necessary to develop and enhance more robust detection methods to improve accuracy in protein conformation and structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lan
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yabo Dong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaonan Sui
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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2
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Shi M, Zeng Q, Hu X, Jin H, Lv X, Ma J, Chen R, Jin Y. The effects of sucrose/NaCl combined pickling on the textural characteristics, moisture distribution, and protein aggregation behavior of egg yolk. J Food Sci 2024; 89:2684-2700. [PMID: 38551186 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Salted egg yolks have a tender, loose, gritty, and oily texture and are commonly employed as fillings in baked goods. This study investigated the formation mechanism of egg yolk gels using three different pickling methods: NaCl, sucrose, and mixed groups. The results revealed that of these pickling methods, egg yolks pickled with the mixture had the lowest moisture content (11.59% at 25°C and 10.21% at 45°C), almost no free water content, and the highest hardness (19.11 N at 25°C and 31.01 N at 45°C). Intermolecular force measurements indicated that pickling with the mixture mitigated the surface hardening effect of sucrose and facilitated protein cross-linking. Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscopy of the egg yolk gels pickled with the mixture displayed macromolecular aggregates and oil exudation, suggesting that this method partially disrupted the lipoprotein structure and notably promoted yolk protein aggregation and lipid release. Overall, egg yolks formed a dense gel via the mixed pickling method owing to the ionic concentration and dehydration effects. These findings show the impact of NaCl and sucrose in pickling egg yolks, providing a crucial foundation for developing innovative and desirable egg yolk products. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study introduces a novel pickling strategy that combines sucrose and NaCl for egg yolk processing. The egg yolk pickled using this method exhibited improved quality according to the evaluated textural characteristics, moisture distribution, and protein aggregation behavior. The findings may broaden the use of sucrose as a pickling agent for egg yolk processing and provide new ideas for developing and producing pickled eggs and other food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqi Shi
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxian Hu
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haobo Jin
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Lv
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxuan Ma
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Chen
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongguo Jin
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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3
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Yan CH, Chen FH, Yang YL, Shen LW, Xun XM, Zhang ZA, Zhan YF, You S, Wang J. Biochemical and protein nutritional potential of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf: partial substitution improves the nutrition of conventional protein. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2204-2214. [PMID: 37934077 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the requirements of environmental, cost and economic sustainability, new sources of alternative proteins in the livestock industry are receiving increasing attention. Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves are a unique feed resource because of their high protein content and large availability. Therefore, mining sustainable protein suitable for the animal husbandry industry in sericulture resources could achieve a win-win situation. RESULTS The protein content in mulberry leaves is 232.10-386.16 g kg-1 , and the mean value of crude fat content is 43.76 ± 8.48 g kg-1 , which has the advantages of protein content and energy. In addition, the average content of phytic acid in mulberry leaves is only 1.88 ± 0.56 g kg-1 , which means that it is not inhibited in terms of nutrient absorption. Meanwhile, the digestibility of protein was Bean pulp > Sample 8 ≈ Alfalfa ≈ Sample 13 ≈ Cottonseed meal > Fish meal, and the β-turn and particle size of mulberry leaf protein are more conducive to digestion in vitro. Furthermore, the protein of Sample 13 had the richest essential amino acids (252.00 g kg-1 ) and the highest essential amino acid index (EAAI), which was superior to conventional feed protein. In addition, the partial substitution of mulberry leaf protein (15%) significantly increased the EAAI value of conventional feed protein. However, to balance nutrition, it is necessary to combine mulberry leaf protein with other proteins to further broaden its application field. CONCLUSION Mulberry leaves are a new source of feed protein, which helps to alleviate the two major problems of mulberry resource surplus and feed protein resource shortage. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hai Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fang-Hui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu-Lu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Li-Wei Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Xun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhi-Ang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu-Fan Zhan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shuai You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
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Tan J, Deng C, Yao Y, Wu N, Xu M, Chen S, Yin Z, Zhao Y, Tu Y. Regulation of different copper salts on alkali-induced egg white gels: Physicochemical characteristics, microstructure and protein conformation. Food Chem 2024; 435:137346. [PMID: 37783128 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of different copper salts (CuSO4, CuCl2, Cu(CH3COO)2) on the physicochemical characteristics, microstructure and protein conformation of alkali-induced egg white (EW) gels were investigated. With increasing concentration, three copper salts promoted the aggregation of EW proteins while decreasing the β-sheet content. The three-dimensional gel network was promoted to form, and the water-holding capacity (WHC), texture and solubility of gels were improved by three copper salts at low concentrations. While at high concentrations, the gel deteriorated. The main forces maintaining the alkali-induced EW gels added with copper salts were mainly ionic and disulfide bonds. And the protein component was not affected by ion concentration. Due to the difference in charge density, the three anions had different effects on the stability of proteins, and finally showed different gel characteristics (gel strength, WHC, solubility): CuSO4 > CuCl2 > Cu(CH3COO)2. Therefore, copper salts (especially CuSO4) can be used to improve EW protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji'en Tan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Chunyang Deng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Na Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Mingsheng Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zhongping Yin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Yonggang Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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Yang C, Hu G, Xiang X, Wu D, Wang B, Wang J, Geng F. Translucency mechanism of heat-induced pigeon egg white gel. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126909. [PMID: 37714238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the properties of pigeon egg white (PEW) and chicken egg white (CEW) thermal gels were compared, with the aim of revealing the mechanisms involved in the high transparency of PEW thermal gels. Results demonstrated that PEW gels exhibited higher transparency than CEW gels. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis revealed that PEW gels formed a fine chain gel network structure with an average diameter of thermal aggregates (89.84 ± 7.13 nm). The molecular properties of PEW proteins, such as higher content of β-sheet structures (32.73 %), reactive groups (free sulfhydryl groups, hydrophobic groups), and absolute zeta potential (-3.563 mV), were found to contribute to the formation of smaller thermal aggregates during thermal denaturation. The microrheology measurements showed that these features allowed PEW proteins to interact less with each other and form smaller thermal aggregates during thermal denaturation, which facilitated the formation of fine chain gel networks and thus improved the transparency of the gels. The present study initially reveals the molecular basis of the high transparency of PEW thermal gels and provides a theoretical reference for the development of new highly transparent protein materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenrui Yang
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Gan Hu
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xiaole Xiang
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jinqiu Wang
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, China; Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
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Sun J, Wang J, Lin W, Li B, Ma R, Huang Y, Obadi M. Predict the Gelling Properties of Alkali-Induced Egg White Gel Based on the Freshness of Duck Eggs. Foods 2023; 12:4028. [PMID: 37959147 PMCID: PMC10648198 DOI: 10.3390/foods12214028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Preserved egg white (PEW) has excellent gelling properties but is susceptible to the freshness of raw eggs. In this study, the correlation between the comprehensive freshness index (CFI) of raw eggs and the gelling properties of alkali-induced egg white gel (EWG) was elucidated. Results showed that the CFI, established by a principal component analysis (PCA) and stepwise regression analysis (SRA) methods, can be used to predict the freshness of duck eggs under storage conditions of 25 °C and 4 °C. A correlation analysis demonstrated that the CFI showed a strong negative correlation with the hardness and chewiness of alkali-induced EWG and a strong positive correlation with resilience within 12 days of storage at 25 °C and 20 days at 4 °C (p < 0.01). It might be due to the decrease in α-helix and disulfide bonds, as well as the hydrophobic interactions showing a first decrease and then an increase within the tested days. This study can provide an important theoretical basis for preserved egg pickling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.W.); (W.L.); (B.L.); (R.M.); (Y.H.); (M.O.)
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7
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Ma Y, Xu J, Guo R, Teng G, Chen Y, Xu X. In vitro gastrointestinal model for the elderly: Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on protein structures and antioxidant activities of whey protein isolate. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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8
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Chen Y, Wang Q, Fan W, Xu B. Non-destructive determination and visualization of gel springiness of preserved eggs during pickling through hyperspectral imaging. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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9
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Tan J, Deng C, Yao Y, Wu N, Du H, Xu M, Chen S, Zhao Y, Tu Y. Effects of different copper salts on the physicochemical properties, microstructure and intermolecular interactions of preserved egg white. Food Chem 2023; 404:134756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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10
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Effect of radiofrequency processing on the structural and bio-functional properties of egg white proteins. Food Chem 2023; 404:134533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sun B, Zhang P, Zhang J, Huang T, Li C, Yang W. Absorption of iron from Tegillarca granosa using an in vitro simulated digestion and Caco-2/HepG2 co-culture system. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:891-899. [PMID: 36057934 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron-deficiency anemia is one severe micronutrient malnutrition and has captured worldwide attention. This study evaluated the in vitro iron absorption of two iron-binding proteins (hemoglobin and ferritin) from Tegillarca granosa. In addition, the protein structure-iron absorption relationship and the regulatory effect of hepcidin on cellular iron absorption were explored. RESULTS Our findings revealed that both hemoglobin and ferritin extracted from T. granosa contained abundant iron-binding sites, as evidenced by stronger peaks in amide I and II regions compared with the two proteins from humans. Less β-sheet (27.67%) structures were found in hemoglobin compared with ferritin (36.40%), probably contributing to its greater digestibility and more release of available iron. This was confirmed by the results of Caco-2/HepG2 cell culture system that showed iron absorption of hemoglobin was 26.10-39.31% higher than that of ferritin with an iron content of 50-150 μmol L-1 . This high iron absorption of hemoglobin (117.86-174.10 ng mg-1 ) could also be due to more hepcidin produced by HepG2 cells, thereby preventing ferroportin-mediated iron efflux from Caco-2 cells. In addition, the possible risk of oxidative stress was evaluated in cells post-iron exposure. In comparison with ferrous sulfate, a common iron supplement, Caco-2 cells treated with the iron-binding proteins had a 9.50-25.73% lower level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, indicating the safety of hemoglobin and ferritin. CONCLUSION Collectively, the data of this research would be helpful for understanding the key features and potential of developing hemoglobin and ferritin from T. granosa as novel iron supplements. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Panxue Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinjie Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tao Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenge Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Quantitative proteomics provides a new perspective on the mechanism of network structure depolymerization during egg white thinning. Food Chem 2022; 392:133320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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The role of metal compounds in dynamically regulating alkali infiltration during pickling of preserved eggs. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111989. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Sun B, Zhang P, Zhang J, Huang T, Li C, Yang W. Preparation, characterization and bioavailability studies of Tegillarca granosa hemoglobin and its glycosylated products. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:11-20. [PMID: 35931292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common micronutrient deficiency. Tegillarca granosa (T. granosa) is a good source of iron due to its high content of hemoglobin. The present study aimed to determine the effects of glycosylation on structure, physicochemical characteristics and iron bioavailability of hemoglobin. Using Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology, the optimal conditions for hemoglobin-chitosan glycosylation were obtained: 61.8 °C, pH 6.3, hemoglobin/chitosan mass ratio of 4.3 and reaction time of 15 min. The formation of hemoglobin-chitosan conjugates was verified by SDS-PAGE and fluorescence spectroscopy. The surface hydrophobicity of hemoglobin was reduced by 20.90-65.05 % after glycosylation, along with the observations of elevated water-holding capacity, likely owing to the introduction of hydrophilic groups. Antioxidant capacity of glycosylated products (0.41-0.66 μM Trolox/mg protein) was markedly greater than that of original protein (0.06 μM Trolox/mg protein) due to the formation of brown polymers with antioxidant activity. In addition, glycosylation improved in vitro digestibility of hemoglobin by 41.15-69.09 %, which could be attributed to less β-sheet in secondary structures. Moreover, hemoglobin (324.38 ng/mg) exhibited better iron absorption than FeSO4 (121.63 ng/mg), with the value being further enhanced by glycosylation (442.73 ng/mg), which may be due to the improved protein digestibility and iron-chelating capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China
| | - Panxue Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China
| | - Jinjie Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Tao Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Chao Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Wenge Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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15
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Xue H, Han T, Xu M, Yao Y, Wu N, Chen S, Zhang G, Wang W, Zhao Y, Tu Y. Processing technology, principle, and nutritional characteristics of preserved eggs: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Ye Y, Li A, Feng T, Yuan X, Xiao X, Wang Y. Preparation and characterization of an alkali‐pickled preserved egg white heat‐induced gel. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- School of Biological Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Yibin China
| | - Anjiao Li
- School of Biological Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Yibin China
| | - Tingting Feng
- School of Biological Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Yibin China
| | - Xianling Yuan
- School of Biological Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Yibin China
| | - Xia Xiao
- School of Biological Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Yibin China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Biological Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Yibin China
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17
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Tan J, Yao Y, Wu N, Du H, Xu M, Liao M, Zhao Y, Tu Y. Color, physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities of preserved egg white pickled at different temperatures. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Ren Y, Huang X, Aheto JH, Jiang L, Qian C, Wang Y, Zhang X, Yu S, Wang L. Development and test of a smart multisensory device for preserved eggs. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
- School of Smart Agriculture Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture Suzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Xingyi Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Joshua H. Aheto
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Lihua Jiang
- School of Smart Agriculture Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture Suzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Chunhua Qian
- School of Smart Agriculture Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture Suzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
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19
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Li A, Wang Y, Zhang D, Liu S, Ye Y. Formation of high-elasticity and high-strength semitransparent ovalbumin gel induced by alkali-heat treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2070201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anjiao Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Dacheng Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Shixin Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Yang Ye
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
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20
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Xue H, Tu Y, Zhang G, Xu M, Xin X, Zhao Y. Mechanism of the amelioration of the protein digestibility of whole marinated eggs by strong alkali pickling: Physicochemical properties, gel structure, and proteomics. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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21
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Huang Q, Liu L, Wu Y, Huang X, Wang G, Song H, Geng F, Luo P. Mechanism of differences in characteristics of thick/thin egg whites during storage: Physicochemical, functional and molecular structure characteristics analysis. Food Chem 2022; 369:130828. [PMID: 34488128 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study systematically analyzed and compared thechanges of physicochemical, functional and molecular structural characteristics between thick egg white (KEW) and thin egg white (NEW) during storage. Analysis of physicochemical properties showed that moisture content decreased significantly with the increase of pH during storage. KEW was gradually thinning, while NEW was closer to Newtonian fluid. Functional properties indicated that KEW thermal gel was gradually hard and brittle with the properties of NEW. KEW had better emulsifying property than NEW, and NEW had superior foaming ability. The α-helix and β-sheet in the FT-IR spectrum showed a downward trend, revealing secondary structure changed from order to disorder. Enhancement of fluorescence intensity indicated the structural unfolding and exposure of tryptophan residues. SDS-PAGE proved that OVO might be related to the difference between KEW and NEW characteristics. This study provided new idea and reference value for egg storage and diversified utilization of egg white.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Huang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China.
| | - Lan Liu
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Yongyan Wu
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Xiang Huang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Guoze Wang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Hongbo Song
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Fang Geng
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China.
| | - Peng Luo
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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22
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Zhang W, Boateng ID, Zhang W, Jia S, Wang T, Huang L. Effect of ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid pretreatment on the structure and interfacial properties of soy protein isolate. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Inhibition of the liquefaction of alkali-induced egg white gel by sodium ascorbate. Food Chem 2022; 381:132220. [PMID: 35114621 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Effects of sodium ascorbate (1%, 2%, 3%) on the liquefaction of alkali-induced egg white gel (EWG) were investigated. Results showed hardness and water holding capacity (WHC) gradually decreased at 1%. However, hardness and WHC declined and then rose at 2% and 3%. Microstructural changes further confirmed the effects of sodium ascorbate on hardness and WHC. Electrophoresis showed sodium ascorbate caused the cross-linking between proteins, which was more resistant to degradation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and surface hydrophobicity indicated sodium ascorbate significantly changed protein structure, especially at 2% and 3% resulted in protein reaggregation, increasing β-sheet, and decreasing surface hydrophobicity in the later stage. In general, sodium ascorbate didn't inhibit the liquefaction of alkali-induced EWG at 1%, but did effectively at 2% and 3%. Therefore, high concentrations of sodium ascorbate possess the potential to inhibit the "alkali injury liquefaction" of preserved egg whites without heavy metals.
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24
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Mechanism of effect of heating temperature on functional characteristics of thick egg white. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Liu J, Chai J, Yuan Y, Zhang T, Saini RK, Yang M, Shang X. Dextran sulfate facilitates egg white protein to form transparent hydrogel at neutral pH: Structural, functional, and degradation properties. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Fang M, Xiong S, Yin T, Hu Y, Liu R, Du H, Liu Y, You J. In vivo digestion and absorption characteristics of surimi gels with different degrees of cross-linking induced by transglutaminase (TGase). Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Sun B, Tan B, Sun N, Huang P, Hong J, Li C, Yang W. Effect of ascorbic acid and citric acid on bioavailability of iron from Tegillarca granosa via an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture system. Food Funct 2021; 12:11491-11502. [PMID: 34700336 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01650d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) has been receiving worldwide attention. Developing safe and effective iron supplements is of great significance for IDA treatment. Tegillarca granosa (T. granosa), a traditional aquaculture bivalve species in China, is considered to be an excellent source of micronutrients, but the distribution and bioavailability of these minerals have yet to be investigated. The present research was conducted to determine the contents and in vitro enzymatic digestibility of minerals in T. granosa, using beef and wheat flour as reference foods. Meanwhile, two iron-binding proteins, hemoglobin and ferritin, were extracted from T. granosa, and their structures, iron accessibility and bioavailability were investigated. Moreover, the effects of ascorbic acid (AA) and citric acid (CA), two commonly applied dietary factors, on these parameters were evaluated. Our results indicated that the mineral levels varied significantly among different food matrices, with T. granosa showing the highest contents of the tested elements. Comparison of iron absorption of meat versus wheat flour and hemoglobin versus ferritin confirmed that heme iron exhibited higher bioavailability than non-heme iron. The addition of the two organic acids notably enhanced the cellular iron uptake of T. granosa-derived proteins. This could be because AA/CA weakened hydrogen bonds within proteins and caused disordered secondary structures, thereby improving their enzymatic digestibility and releasing more soluble iron to be available for absorption. The results of this study provided a basis for the development of T. granosa-derived protein-based iron supplements, promoting the diverse utilization of marine aquatic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
| | - Beibei Tan
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
| | - Nan Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
| | - Ping Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
| | - Jingxia Hong
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
| | - Chao Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Wenge Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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28
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Gao X, Guo W, Wu N, Yao Y, Du H, Xu M, Zhao Y, Tu Y. Effects of salt and heat treatment on the physicochemical properties, microstructure, secondary structure, and simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of duck egg white. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:6093-6103. [PMID: 33904600 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The texture and structure of the duck egg white (DEW) gel under salt and heat treatment are crucial to its digestibility. Specifically, the structural changes of food protein gels have been recognized for their potential to regulate in vitro digestion. In this study, the effects of gel characteristics and simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of DEW under combined salt and heat treatment were investigated. RESULTS With the increase in salting time and temperature, a porous opaque gel with large particles was formed, the moisture content of DEW showed a downward trend, and the same was true for hardness changes. The microstructure suggested that, with the penetration of NaCl, DEW proteins were denatured, and the protein molecules gradually unfolded and then aggregated after 7 days. The secondary structure revealed that, as the salting time and temperature increased, the proportion of intermolecular β-sheets and α-helices decreased. In terms of in vitro digestion, the highest digestibility was obtained at 14 days of salting combined with 100 °C heat treatment, and the digestibility was the lowest when marinated for 7 days at 121 °C. Liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) indicated that the number of different types of peptides and specific peptides was positively correlated with the salting time and temperature of the DEW at the end of gastric digestion. CONCLUSIONS Heat treatment at 100 °C has a higher in vitro digestibility than at 121 °C. Gels with low hardness, large pores, and rough textures are easier to digest by pepsin and release more peptides. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Gao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weibo Guo
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Na Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huaying Du
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingsheng Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yonggang Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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29
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Hua Z, Yu Y, Zhao C, Zong J, Shi Y, Men H. A feature dimensionality reduction strategy coupled with an electronic nose to identify the quality of egg. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Hua
- School of Automation Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Automation Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin China
| | - Chenran Zhao
- School of Automation Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin China
| | - Jinwei Zong
- School of Automation Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Automation Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin China
| | - Hong Men
- School of Automation Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin China
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30
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The underlying mechanism of alkali-induced ovalbumin gel transforms to sol: Physicochemical properties, structure and quantitative protein degradation analysis. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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31
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Bhat ZF, Morton JD, Bekhit AEDA, Kumar S, Bhat HF. Effect of processing technologies on the digestibility of egg proteins. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:4703-4738. [PMID: 34355496 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Egg and egg products are a rich source of highly bioavailable animal proteins. Several processing technologies can affect the structural and functional properties of these proteins differently and can influence their fate inside the gastrointestinal tract. The present review examines some of the processing technologies for improving egg protein digestibility and discusses how different processing conditions affect the digestibility of egg proteins under gastrointestinal digestion environments. To provide up-to-date information, most of the studies included in this review have been published in the last 5 years on different aspects of egg protein digestibility. Digestibility of egg proteins can be improved by employing some processing technologies that are able to improve the susceptibility of egg proteins to gastrointestinal proteases. Processing technologies, such as pulsed electric field, high-pressure, and ultrasound, can induce conformational and microstructural changes that lead to unfolding of the polypeptides and expose active sites for further interactions. These changes can enhance the accessibility of digestive proteases to cleavage sites. Some of these technologies may inactivate some egg proteins that are enzyme inhibitors, such as trypsin inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms of how different technologies mediate the egg protein digestibility have been discussed in detail. The proteolysis patterns and digestibility of the processed egg proteins are not always predictable and depends on the processing conditions. Empirical input is required to tailor the optimization of processing conditions for favorable effects on protein digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhaib F Bhat
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, SKUAST of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - James D Morton
- Department of Wine Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Sunil Kumar
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, SKUAST of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Hina F Bhat
- Division of Biotechnology, SKUAST of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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32
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Effects of packaging methods on the quality of heavy metals-free preserved duck eggs during storage. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101051. [PMID: 33756249 PMCID: PMC8020475 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Preserved eggs without adding heavy metals in the pickling solution (heavy metals–free preserved eggs) have been developed, but it was found that the undesirable phenomenon such as dry shrinkage and fading occurred when they were not packaged and stored at room temperature. In this study, the effects of 5 packaging methods on the quality of heavy metals-free preserved eggs during storage were systematically studied. These methods included storage at room temperature and 4°C without packaging, wrapping with plastic bags, paraffin coating, and vacuum package. Through adopting these 5 packaging methods, the results showed that the moisture content and pH of the albumen decreased continuously, the mass loss rate increased continuously, the content of total volatile basic nitrogen increased firstly and then decreased, and the albumen hardness increased continuously. No microorganisms were detected in all samples with the 5 packaging methods during storage. Among them, the uncoated preserved eggs suffered the most serious moisture loss and mass loss, and the pH dropped at the fastest rate, followed by the preserved eggs wrapped in plastic bags. Preserved eggs stored at low temperature tended to turn yellow during storage, and the albumen showed higher hardness. The packaging method of paraffin coating performed the best in preventing the moisture loss of the albumen and the weight loss, which only decreased by 0.34 and 1.24%, respectively, after 3 mo. The best springiness, the darkest color, and the highest sensory score were found in the vacuum-packed preserved eggs after 3 mo of storage. It was concluded that paraffin coating and vacuum packing had better effect, while plastic bag packing showed the worst preservation performance for heavy metals–free preserved eggs.
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33
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Gelatin-Based Nanocomposite Film with Bacterial Cellulose–MgO Nanoparticles and Its Application in Packaging of Preserved Eggs. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Preserved eggs are prone to lose water during storage, which causes the preserved eggs to shrink and have poor taste, bad flavor, and reduced quality. By studying a degradable coating agent and applying it to preserved eggs, we explored its effect on the quality of preserved eggs during storage. In this paper, the structure and performance of gelatin film (GF), gelatin–bacterial cellulose film (GBF), and gelatin–bacterial cellulose–MgO nanocomposite film (GBMF) were explored by adding bacterial cellulose (BC) and MgO nanoparticles to gelatin. The results showed that the BC solution increased the particle size and absolute value of the zeta potential. The cross-sectional microstructure of the film showed fewer and smaller pores. The water vapor permeability (WVP) decreased, and the elongation at break (EB) increased significantly. The addition of MgO nanoparticles increased the particle size and reduced the absolute value of the zeta potential. The cross section of the film became denser and more uniform by adding MgO nanoparticles, and the surface hydrophobicity of the film increased, and the EB decreased. After coating the preserved eggs with these films, the weight loss rate, the content of total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), and the hardness were lower than that of uncoated preserved eggs. The pH of the uncoated preserved eggs also dropped faster than the coated preserved eggs. Moreover, the preserved egg coated with GBMF had the lowest weight loss rate and the highest sensory score. It can be seen that these three films had a certain preservation effect on preserved eggs, and the GBMF had the best preservation effect.
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34
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Application of volatile and spectral profiling together with multimode data fusion strategy for the discrimination of preserved eggs. Food Chem 2020; 343:128515. [PMID: 33160772 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The maturity level of eggs during pickling is conventionally assessed by choosing few eggs from each curing batch to crack open. Yet, this method is destructive, creates waste and has consequences for financial losses. In this work, the feasibility of integrating electronic nose (EN) with reflectance hyperspectral (RH) and transmittance hyperspectral (TH) data for accurate classification of preserved eggs (PEs) at different maturation periods was investigated. Classifier models based solely on RH and TH with EN achieved a training accuracy (93.33%, 97.78%) and prediction accuracy (88.89%; 93.33%) respectively. The fusion of the three datasets, (EN + RH + TH) as a single classifier model yielded an overall training accuracy of 98.89% and prediction accuracy of 95.56%. Also, 52 volatile compounds were obtained from the PE headspace, of which 32 belonged to seven functional groups. This study demonstrates the ability to integrate EN with RH and TH data to effectively identify PEs during processing.
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35
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Li G, Zhan J, Xu A, Tan B, Sun N, Wang C, Jia R, Li C, Zhang J, Yang W. Determination of the iron bioavailability, conformation, and rheology of iron-binding proteins from Tegillarca granosa. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13517. [PMID: 33118623 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The increased interest in achieving, solely through diet, the same effect on iron levels with supplementation, leads to numerous studies on iron absorption of iron binding proteins (IBPs). The characteristics of IBPs from Tegillarca granosa (T. granosa) and its iron utilization were determined to analyze their relationship. The results showed in T. granosa, Fe(ӀӀ) was main iron form in hemoglobin (TH) and that Fe(ӀӀ) and Fe(ӀӀӀ) coexisted in ferritin (TF). After in vitro digestion, TH was easier to be digested than TF, bovine hemoglobin, and bovine ferritin. In caco-2 cells model, iron bioavailability of TH also was the best, which related to TH's superior fluid properties, higher ratios of α-helix to β-sheet and amide I to amide II. These suggest TH could be used as a good source of organic iron and provide references for application of T. granosa in human nutrition. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This research investigated the iron bioavailability and structural properties of iron-binding proteins from Tegillarca granosa (T. granosa). Moreover, the effects of iron absorption in bovine hemoglobin and ferritin were compared with those from T. granosa. The results showed the hemoglobin in T. granosa had better iron bioavailability and it could be a good source of iron. These data could provide a basic instruction of the application of T. granosa in functional food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoshang Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Junqi Zhan
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Anqi Xu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Beibei Tan
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Nan Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ru Jia
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinjie Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenge Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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36
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Deng C, Shao Y, Xu M, Yao Y, Wu N, Hu H, Zhao Y, Tu Y. Effects of metal ions on the physico-chemical, microstructural and digestion characteristics of alkali-induced egg white gel. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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37
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Guo Q, Ye A, Singh H, Rousseau D. Destructuring and restructuring of foods during gastric digestion. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1658-1679. [PMID: 33337100 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
All foods harbor unique length scale-dependent structural features that can influence the release, transport, and utilization of macro- or micronutrients in the human gastrointestinal tract. In this regard, food destructuring and restructuring processes during gastric passage significantly influence downstream nutrient assimilation and feelings of satiety. This review begins with a synopsis of the effects of oral processing on food structure. Then, stomach-centric factors that contribute to the efficacy of gastric digestion are discussed, and exemplified by comparing the intragastric de- and restructuring of a number of common foods. The mechanisms of how intragastric structuring influences gastric emptying and its relationship to human satiety are then discussed. Finally, recently developed, non-destructive instrumental approaches used to quantitively and qualitatively characterize food behavior during gastric destructuring and restructuring are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Xinghua, Jiangsu, 225700, China
| | - Aiqian Ye
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Harjinder Singh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Dérick Rousseau
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada
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Ai M, Zhou Q, Guo S, Fan H, Cao Y, Ling Z, Zhou L, Jiang A. Characteristics of intermolecular forces, physicochemical, textural and microstructural properties of preserved egg white with Ca(OH)2 addition. Food Chem 2020; 314:126206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gao X, Yao Y, Wu N, Xu M, Zhao Y, Tu Y. The sol-gel-sol transformation behavior of egg white proteins induced by alkali. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:588-597. [PMID: 32234445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we found an interesting phenomenon that fresh egg white (EW) undergo the sol-gel-sol transition with alkali treatment. The transformation behavior at different alkalinity (1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%) was investigated. As the gel formed, the hardness, lightness, surface hydrophobicity and the total number of identified peptides increased, and then, remarkable reduction when the gel collapsed. Rheological behavior indicated that the viscosity varied with shear rate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that β-sheets gradually decreased as the α-helices increased during gel-sol transformation. The quantification of EW peptides analysis revealed that there was no dramatic correlation between the number of identified peptides and alkalinity. It was concluded that the sol-gel-sol transition was strongly dependent on alkali levels, moreover, high concentration promoted gel formation as well as liquefaction. The EW transformation behavior induced by alkali had a significant effect on protein aggregation and denaturation, and further changed physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Gao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Na Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Mingsheng Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Yonggang Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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